They all have a dense, smooth-looking external layer of compact, or cortical bone around a porous, honeycomb-looking area of spongy bone.

它们都有致密、光滑的外层致密或皮质骨，围绕着多孔、蜂窝状的海绵骨区域。

The cortical bone, in turn, is made up of many functional, pipe-like units called osteons, which run through the length of the bone.

皮质骨由很多叫做“骨单位”的功能性管状单位构成，贯穿了整段骨骼。

In osteoporosis, there's thinning of the cortical bone, widening of the Haversian canals and a decrease in the number of trabeculae in the spongy bone.

骨质疏松症中，皮质骨会变薄、哈弗斯管变宽、松质骨内的骨小梁数目减少。

So with osteoporosis, abnormal findings include fewer trabeculae in the spongy bone and thinning of the cortical bone, as well as the widening of the Haversian canals.

那么，骨质疏松的异常包括松质骨中的骨小梁会减少，皮质骨变薄，还有哈弗斯管变宽。

Looking at a cross-section of a bone, there's a hard-external layer known as the cortical bone and a softer internal layer of spongy bone or trabecular bone that is composed of trabeculae.

来看一根骨头的横截面，这个硬质的外层叫皮质骨，而软一些的松质骨内层，由骨小梁构成。