| 单词 | sex chromosome |
| 例句 | One, known only as Klinefelter’s syndrome, involves a duplication of one of the sex chromosomes. Silent Spring 1962-09-27T00:00:00Z Reproductive capacities in birds and mammals largely involve inheritance of different combinations of sex chromosomes, whereas in many reptiles, sex is determined based on environmental cues such as temperature. To Understand Sex, We Need to Ask the Right Questions 2023-10-24T04:00:00Z The groups' findings, which were published in the journal Nature, mark a major step forward in our understanding of how gene expression is balanced on the sex chromosomes. How male mosquitoes compensate for having only one X chromosome 2023-10-06T04:00:00Z People have a pair of sex chromosomes in each cell. Scientists solve the genetic puzzle of sex-related Y chromosome 2023-08-23T04:00:00Z In a paper published last week in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, researchers report that female zebra longwings can see colors that males cannot, thanks to a gene on their sex chromosome. The Genes That Let Female Butterflies See a More Colorful World 2023-08-18T04:00:00Z Because of X inactivation, aberrations in sex chromosomes typically have milder effects on an individual. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z Sequencing DNA that volunteers left in their footprints in the sand even yielded part of their sex chromosomes. The DNA You Shed Could Identify You 2023-05-15T04:00:00Z Keller Valsecci added: "This is an important clue as to how the mechanisms that balance gene expression on sex chromosomes may have evolved in the first place." How male mosquitoes compensate for having only one X chromosome 2023-10-06T04:00:00Z The research, still in its early stages, involved turning male XY sex chromosomes into female XX ones. Scientist creates eggs from male mouse cells 2023-03-08T05:00:00Z Most people have two sex chromosomes, either two X’s or an X and a Y, which give rise to female or male biological attributes on a spectrum. Scientists Created Male and Female Cells from a Single Person 2022-12-21T05:00:00Z Notice that this system is the opposite of the mammalian system because in birds the female is the sex with the different sex chromosomes. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z Rather than a gain or loss of autosomes, variations in the number of sex chromosomes are associated with relatively mild effects. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Basilicata, a joint senior author, emphasized: "Understanding the molecular principles acting on sex chromosomes will help us to understand differences between males and females in various human pathologies." How male mosquitoes compensate for having only one X chromosome 2023-10-06T04:00:00Z Two of the 46 chromosomes in the human genome are known as sex chromosomes, because they determine an individual’s sex. Miller & Levine Biology 2018-01-01T00:00:00Z This unique set of cells could help researchers tackle long-standing questions about how sex chromosomes affect disease and the role they play in early development. Scientists Created Male and Female Cells from a Single Person 2022-12-21T05:00:00Z For example, some swordtail fish have three sex chromosomes in a population. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z Several errors in sex chromosome number have been characterized. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z A mother can transmit only an X chromosome, as both her sex chromosomes are X chromosomes. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z A sex-linked gene is a gene located on a sex chromosome. Miller & Levine Biology 2018-01-01T00:00:00Z “We’ve had cell lines from males and females before, but the fact that they’re coming from same person with just the same sex chromosome difference—it’s a big step.” Scientists Created Male and Female Cells from a Single Person 2022-12-21T05:00:00Z An individual with the appropriate number of chromosomes for their species is called euploid; in humans, euploidy corresponds to 22 pairs of autosomes and one pair of sex chromosomes. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z Because of X inactivation, aberrations in sex chromosomes typically have milder phenotypic effects. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z The I.O.C. replaced the physical exams with a genetic test for sex chromosomes in the late 1960s, claiming that the cheek swab would provide a “simpler, objective, and more dignified” way to verify gender. Trans Swimmer Revives an Old Debate in Elite Sports: What Defines a Woman? 2022-02-16T05:00:00Z Scientists can sort sperm by the weight of the sex chromosome, or cause embryos of one sex to die before birth. Gene editing produces all-male or all-female litters of mice 2021-12-02T05:00:00Z Ultimately the team generated XX and XY cells that—apart from their sex chromosomes—were genetically identical. Scientists Created Male and Female Cells from a Single Person 2022-12-21T05:00:00Z Human somatic cells have 46 chromosomes consisting of two sets of 22 homologous chromosomes and a pair of nonhomologous sex chromosomes. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z Sex determination in humans and other mammals is dictated by the presence of sex chromosomes. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Whether a mammal is male or female is determined by the sex chromosomes. Gene edited sex selection may spare animal suffering 2021-12-03T05:00:00Z Neanderthals had smaller populations than moderns, and small populations tend to accumulate deleterious mutations, especially on the X and Y sex chromosomes. How Neanderthals lost their Y chromosome 2020-09-24T04:00:00Z As a consequence of axis separation, the sister chromatids of spermatocyte sex chromosomes are farther apart than are those of other chromosomes. How sex chromosomes break up to get together 2020-05-26T04:00:00Z "They show that in XX or XY systems, the XX, or the female, lives longer, so clearly there is an effect of sex chromosomes," said Dr Lemaître. Mammal study explains 'why females live longer' 2020-03-24T04:00:00Z No, the sex of an individual is only determined by the presence of sex chromosomes. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Nor do they address how sex chromosomes affect the systems they are investigating. Doctors Must Dig into Gender Difference to Improve Women’s Health Care 2020-03-16T04:00:00Z However, in species where the sex chromosome pattern is the other way around, such as humans, females live 20.9% longer on average than males. Mystery of lifespan gap between sexes may be solved, say researchers 2020-03-03T05:00:00Z Yet, across the animal kingdom, individuals with identical sex chromosomes—including women with double Xs—live nearly 18% longer than their counterparts with mismatched chromosomes, a new study reveals. The secret to a long life? Matching sex chromosomes 2020-03-03T05:00:00Z Consider what might happen if such genes are on sex chromosomes. Sex chromosomes manipulate mate choice 2019-06-04T04:00:00Z Human somatic cells consist of 46 chromosomes—22 pairs of autosomal chromosomes and a pair of sex chromosomes. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z It has long been understood that, in some cases, sex chromosomes do not match sexual anatomy. Caster Semenya ruling: sports federation is flouting ethics rules 2019-05-16T04:00:00Z Austad said the upshot was that longevity is not only about sex chromosomes. Mystery of lifespan gap between sexes may be solved, say researchers 2020-03-03T05:00:00Z In most animals, sex chromosomes help determine whether an individual develops as a male or female. The secret to a long life? Matching sex chromosomes 2020-03-03T05:00:00Z Losing any chromosome other than a second sex chromosome is always lethal to a fetus. Split-Sex Animals Are Unusual, Yes, but Not as Rare as You’d Think 2019-02-25T05:00:00Z Somatic cells have 46 chromosomes with one sex chromosome. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Hemp seeds contain sex chromosomes that produce male and female plants. How to Grow Hemp 2019-02-14T05:00:00Z Writing in the journal Biology Letters, the team report that they gathered data on sex chromosomes and lifespan across 229 animal species, from insects to fish and mammals. Mystery of lifespan gap between sexes may be solved, say researchers 2020-03-03T05:00:00Z So researchers at the University of New South Wales, Sydney, scoured scientific papers, books, and online databases for sex chromosome and longevity data. The secret to a long life? Matching sex chromosomes 2020-03-03T05:00:00Z Last year, a paper published in Scientific Reports showed that, contrary to prior understanding, softshell turtles possess sex chromosomes, which means that they can be sexed using DNA analysis. Chasing the World’s Rarest Turtle 2018-12-24T05:00:00Z With the exception of the sex chromosomes, homologous chromosomes contain the same genes, but these genes can have different variations, called alleles. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z “It’s not just about the establishment of sex chromosomes, it’s how the sex-determining regions continue to evolve.” The secret sex life of strawberries 2018-09-07T04:00:00Z By sequencing the sex chromosomes, the researchers also determined that the fragment came from a female, and the thickness of the bone suggested she was at least 13 years old. Mum’s a Neanderthal, Dad’s a Denisovan: First discovery of an ancient-human hybrid 2018-08-21T04:00:00Z The disparity also varies depending on whether the animal with matching sex chromosomes is female or male. The secret to a long life? Matching sex chromosomes 2020-03-03T05:00:00Z “It’s dynamic but stable,” said Melissa Wilson Sayres, who studies sex chromosomes at Arizona State University. Secrets of the Y Chromosome 2018-06-11T04:00:00Z While studying meiosis, you observe that gametes receive one copy of each pair of homologous chromosomes and one copy of the sex chromosomes. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Those traveling “souvenirs” increased the difference between the sex chromosomes, the researchers speculate. The secret sex life of strawberries 2018-09-07T04:00:00Z Green sea turtles do not develop into males or females due to sex chromosomes, like humans and most other mammals do. Climate change is turning 99 percent of these baby sea turtles female 2018-01-08T05:00:00Z This unevenness hints that factors other than the presence of certain sex chromosomes might also strongly influence longevity, the team says. The secret to a long life? Matching sex chromosomes 2020-03-03T05:00:00Z For many years, studies tended to overlook the contribution of the sex chromosomes to such conditions. Genetics: Sex and the single cell : Nature : Nature Research 2017-10-03T04:00:00Z Human gametes have 23 chromosomes representing one complete set of chromosomes; a set of chromosomes is complete with either one of the sex chromosomes. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z There was a key difference between the images, lurking in the sex chromosomes. She thought she was Irish — until a DNA test opened a 100-year-old mystery 2017-07-27T04:00:00Z The original cancer was caused when sex chromosomes shattered. Rogue chromosome may be behind new contagious cancer striking Tasmanian devils 2017-07-10T04:00:00Z As a graduate student, she recalls, she explored the evolution of sex chromosomes in mammals while her adviser worked with birds. Ecologists protest sudden end of NSF dissertation grants 2017-06-09T04:00:00Z The closer researchers look at the sex chromosomes, the more complex the picture becomes. Genetics: Sex and the single cell : Nature : Nature Research 2017-10-03T04:00:00Z In gametes, 23 chromosomes are present with two sex chromosomes. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z The main ideas are differences in the immune system, hormones or sex chromosomes affecting risk. 'Gender-biased infections' may exist - BBC News 2016-12-13T05:00:00Z Her research led to revelations of the roles sex chromosomes play in numerous chronic diseases. Washington-area obituaries of note 2016-11-16T05:00:00Z By this point, the researchers had come up with the concept that the birds were evolving a second set of sex chromosomes. The sparrow with four sexes 2016-11-22T05:00:00Z It is difficult to do genetics experiments in birds, and their sex chromosomes are quite different to those of mammals. Genetics: Sex and the single cell : Nature : Nature Research 2017-10-03T04:00:00Z In some groups of organisms with sex chromosomes, the sex with the non-homologous sex chromosomes is the female rather than the male. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Tizard and his colleagues are adding a gene for green fluorescent protein to the chickens' sex chromosomes so that male embryos will glow under ultraviolet light. Welcome to the CRISPR zoo 2016-03-08T05:00:00Z “To tell you the truth, it's actually kind of surprising how big an effect of sex chromosomes we've been able to see,” says Arnold. Sex redefined 2015-02-17T05:00:00Z No other species was known to have one set of fully operational sex chromosomes and another pair that subdivided the species again on another aspect of mate choice. The sparrow with four sexes 2016-11-22T05:00:00Z A chance meeting between Arnold and Reue, who studies fat tissue, made the two scientists wonder whether the sex chromosomes might also affect metabolism. Genetics: Sex and the single cell : Nature : Nature Research 2017-10-03T04:00:00Z Searching for a super gene Unlike humans, who are diploid, meaning we have two sets of each of our chromosomes except for our sex chromosomes, bananas are triploid. 'Super Bananas' Enter U.S. Market Trials 2014-07-01T04:00:00Z Rarely, an egg or a sperm might actually carry more than one chromosome, so the conceptus ends up with more than just a pair of sex chromosomes. Touching a Nerve: Exploring the Implications of the Self as Brain, Part 2 [Excerpt] 2013-07-27T13:45:00.477Z This can happen when sex chromosomes are doled out unevenly between dividing cells during early embryonic development. Sex redefined 2015-02-17T05:00:00Z “If you've got two genes linked together that can't cross over during meiosis, and one of them plays a role in sex determination, suddenly you can have a new sex chromosome.” The sparrow with four sexes 2016-11-22T05:00:00Z They are also broadening their tests to detect chromosomal abnormalities beyond Down syndrome, including those linked to abnormalities in the sex chromosomes. DealBook: Illumina Buys Maker of Down Syndrome Test 2013-01-07T15:35:24Z A much higher background level of species divergence of the Z chromosome, and a lower proportion of shared polymorphisms, indicate that sex chromosomes and autosomes are at different stages of speciation. The genomic landscape of species divergence in Ficedula flycatchers 2012-12-05T15:23:01.900Z All were fraught with the misconception that a single set of sex chromosomes or a single gene systematically leads to one gender. Gender Games: The Line Between Male and Female Athletes: How to Decide? 2012-06-18T04:00:22Z By studying the DNA of over 3,000 men they found a particular version of the sex chromosome increases the risk of coronary artery disease by 50%. Heart disease risk 'inherited' 2012-02-09T04:00:06Z “Who knows — there might be many more species that have weird sex chromosomes and we've just never bothered to look,” he says. The sparrow with four sexes 2016-11-22T05:00:00Z Major characteristics of lizard evolution including homogenization of GC content, high sex chromosome turnover and high levels of repeat insertion are featured. The genome of the green anole lizard and a comparative analysis with birds and mammals 2011-09-28T17:21:44.667Z Driscoll said her family also grapples with the stigma that accompanies a genetic disorder, "especially one involving sex chromosomes," and with misinformation. Mother labored to find reason for son's developmental delays 2010-08-24T04:00:00Z But researchers speculate that damages to the male sex chromosome -- for instance through exposure to environmental toxins in the womb -- may be involved. Infertility linked to prostate cancer 2010-03-22T14:09:00Z But frogs don’t have readily visible sex chromosomes, so it was hard to tell sometimes if feminized males were actually masculinized females. Weed Killer Radically Alters Frog Reproduction 2010-03-02T15:49:00Z He returned to the field station this summer to continue Tuttle's legacy and use this drab little garden bird to understand how sex chromosomes may have evolved. The sparrow with four sexes 2016-11-22T05:00:00Z Major characteristics of lizard evolution including homogenization of GC content, high sex chromosome turnover and high levels of repeat insertion are featured. The genome of the green anole lizard and a comparative analysis with birds and mammals 2011-09-28T17:21:44.667Z Or, it might rather be said that these are not really assumptions, but inferences as to what must be true if the heterochromosomes are sex chromosomes. Studies in Spermatogenesis Part II For a moment the hypothesis seemed to fail, but a careful examination led to the suspicion that in this strain something had happened to the sex chromosomes. A Critique of the Theory of Evolution All the eggs contain what is known as the "X" type of sex chromosome. Taboo and Genetics A Study of the Biological, Sociological and Psychological Foundation of the Family In January 2016, when the paper was published in Current Biology, it showed unequivocally that chromosome 2 was evolving like a sex chromosome. The sparrow with four sexes 2016-11-22T05:00:00Z Another example is the study of sex chromosome evolution. The genome of the green anole lizard and a comparative analysis with birds and mammals 2011-09-28T17:21:44.667Z The recessive character in this case is linked to the female sex chromosome, or, as Bateson described it, the dominant character is repelled by the sex-factor. Hormones and Heredity The sex chromosomes are XX in the female and XY in the male. A Critique of the Theory of Evolution Selective fertilization with different kinds of sperm was impossible, since in these birds there is only one type of sperm—two of eggs—as to the sex chromosome. Taboo and Genetics A Study of the Biological, Sociological and Psychological Foundation of the Family The sex chromosomes are indicated by the rods. A Critique of the Theory of Evolution |
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