| 单词 | ruthenium |
| 例句 | Conversely, ruthenium displays commendable activity and is a more cost-effective option compared to iridium, although it lacks the same level of stability. New approach to water electrolysis for green hydrogen 2023-11-03T04:00:00Z To see whether they could manipulate the coordinated electrons into some exotic electronic state, the researchers synthesized the same crystal geometry, this time with atoms of rhodium and ruthenium instead of nickel. Physicists trap electrons in a 3D crystal 2023-11-08T05:00:00Z It also produces cobalt, rhodium, silver, gold, iridium, ruthenium, selenium, tellurium and sulphur. Don't take Russia back to 1917, Russia's metals king warns 2022-03-11T05:00:00Z In 1992, Dr. Grubbs improved the process by demonstrating that another metal, ruthenium, was a more stable catalyst and was easily adapted for use in air, water or alcohol. Robert H. Grubbs, Nobel laureate in chemistry, dies at 79 2021-12-25T05:00:00Z Writing in Nature, Fischer-Gödde et al.1 report that the composition of ruthenium isotopes in ancient rocks from southwest Greenland contains evidence of a previously unrecognized building block of Earth. Ancient rock bears isotopic fingerprints of Earth’s origins 2020-03-10T04:00:00Z Initially, the research team developed catalysts using both iridium and ruthenium. New approach to water electrolysis for green hydrogen 2023-11-03T04:00:00Z It is a shiny white metal in the same group as platinum, along with ruthenium, rhodium, osmium, and iridium. More precious than gold: Why palladium is soaring 2020-01-19T05:00:00Z The ruthenium atom is solidly attached to a base of molecular groups shaped like a five-petaled flower. Nanomachines, Jellyfish Hugs and Hurricane Dorian From Space: The Week's Best Science GIFs 2019-08-30T04:00:00Z The authority was referring to ruthenium 106, the radioactive isotope identified by the monitoring stations that does not occur naturally and is the product of splitting atoms in a nuclear reaction. Experts fail to find origin of nuclear pollution cloud over Europe 2018-04-16T04:00:00Z Surprisingly, the inferred isotopic composition of ruthenium in the material does not match known meteorite compositions. Ancient rock bears isotopic fingerprints of Earth’s origins 2020-03-10T04:00:00Z These catalysts retained the advantageous properties of iridium and ruthenium. New approach to water electrolysis for green hydrogen 2023-11-03T04:00:00Z In October, European radiation safety agencies detected a cloud containing a radioactive isotope, ruthenium-106, that could be traced to somewhere near Mayak. Radiation levels near this Siberian village were 1,000 times above normal last fall. But no one worried much 2018-02-16T05:00:00Z For 2 weeks in September and October last year, traces of the human-made isotope ruthenium-106 wafted across Europe, triggering detectors from Norway to Greece and Ukraine to Switzerland. Mishandling of spent nuclear fuel in Russia may have caused radioactivity to spread across Europe 2018-02-14T05:00:00Z In late September and early October, French authorities monitoring the atmosphere discovered the presence of trace amounts of a radioisotope, ruthenium-106, a byproduct of nuclear reprocessing that is not normally present in the air. Opinion | Is Russia covering up a nuclear accident? 2017-12-01T05:00:00Z Catalytic addition of aromatic carbon–hydrogen bonds to olefins with the aid of ruthenium complexes. Ligand-accelerated non-directed C–H functionalization of arenes 2017-11-21T05:00:00Z The results showed a moderate increase in activity, but the dissolution of osmium had a detrimental effect, significantly compromising the structural integrity of iridium and ruthenium. New approach to water electrolysis for green hydrogen 2023-11-03T04:00:00Z Last month, when reports of a trace of ruthenium over Europe first appeared, Russia’s state-controlled Rosatom corporation denied any leak. World Digest: Nov. 21, 2017 2017-11-21T05:00:00Z And in any case, he adds, "major operations" on the spent fuel at Mayak were done in late October 2017, after the ruthenium release. Mishandling of spent nuclear fuel in Russia may have caused radioactivity to spread across Europe 2018-02-14T05:00:00Z It said it was not the source of the increased level of ruthenium-106 while Rosatom said there were no accidents at any of its facilities. Russia denies nuclear accident 2017-11-21T05:00:00Z Rosatom was also quoted by Russia’s RIA news agency as saying there were no accidents at any of its facilities which could increase the level of ruthenium 106 in the atmosphere. Russia finds 1,000-times normal level of radioactive isotope after nuclear accident claims 2017-11-21T05:00:00Z Germany’s Federal Office for Radiation Protection said last week that elevated levels of ruthenium were reported in Germany, Italy, Austria, Switzerland and France since Sept. 29 but that they posed no threat to public health. Russia named as likely source of European radioactivity spike 2017-11-10T05:00:00Z The Russian Meteorological Service said it recorded the release of ruthenium-106 in the southern Urals in late September and classified it as “extremely high contamination.” World Digest: Nov. 21, 2017 2017-11-21T05:00:00Z Measurement from European stations showed high levels of ruthenium 106 in the atmosphere of the majority of European countries, at the beginning of October, with a steady decrease from 6 October onwards. Nuclear accident in Russia or Kazakhstan sends radioactive cloud over Europe 2017-11-09T05:00:00Z Measurement from European stations showed high levels of ruthenium 106 in the atmosphere of the majority of European countries, at the beginning of October, with a steady decrease from Oct. French institute suspects nuclear accident in Russia or Kazakhstan in September 2017-11-09T05:00:00Z Rosatom was also quoted by Russia’s RIA news agency as saying there were no accidents at any of its facilities which could increase the level of ruthenium 106 in the atmosphere. Russia finds 1,000-times normal level of radioactive isotope after nuclear accident claims 2017-11-21T05:00:00Z But because ruthenium and iridium are scarce, expensive elements, it is desirable to find photosensitizers based on cheaper and more-abundant metals such as iron. Inorganic chemistry: Making iron glow : Nature : Nature Research 2017-03-28T04:00:00Z It said the release of ruthenium-106 posed no health or environmental risks to Europe. World Digest: Nov. 21, 2017 2017-11-21T05:00:00Z The most efficient thin-film solar cells include toxic or rare materials, such as cadmium, ruthenium and lead, as well as hazardous organic solvents. Print flexible solar cells 2016-11-22T05:00:00Z Measurement from European stations showed high levels of ruthenium 106 in the atmosphere of the majority of European countries, at the beginning of October, with a steady decrease from Oct. French institute suspects nuclear accident in Russia or Kazakhstan in September 2017-11-09T05:00:00Z Unfortunately, many of the successes so far have come through the use of scarce and expensive metals such as palladium, platinum, ruthenium and iridium. The new breed of cutting-edge catalysts 2016-09-05T04:00:00Z Certain minerals such as gold, platinum, silver, tungsten, iridium, osmium, palladium, rhenium, rhodium and ruthenium might be mined and transported to Earth for on-planet use. The Dawn of the Space Mining Age 2015-11-24T05:00:00Z Ice-white platinum has long had enduring appeal in jewelry and experimental designers are now also turning to its lesser-known sister metals rhodium and ruthenium to produce work in darker hues. Jewelers back to black with rhodium, ruthenium 2015-05-21T04:00:00Z The impact glass is completely replaced by minerals such as calcite and pyrite, but rare, space-linked elements such as platinum and ruthenium remain. Earth's Oldest and Biggest Crater Yields New Secrets 2014-04-29T22:00:00Z Of the 118 elements we are now down to just eight contenders: platinum, palladium, rhodium, iridium, osmium and ruthenium, along with the old familiars, gold and silver. Why do we value gold? 2013-12-08T00:26:28Z Ions of palladium, ruthenium and platinum are toxic, so products made with them cannot be sold until they have been through a series of meticulous and expensive cleansing steps. The new breed of cutting-edge catalysts 2016-09-05T04:00:00Z The chemical reactions that help produce margarine, medications, cleaner car exhaust and countless other useful things rely on valuable metals like platinum, rhodium and ruthenium as catalysts. Observatory: Building a Cheaper Catalyst 2013-12-02T21:28:30Z The deep gunmetal finish of black rhodium plate and the pure black of ruthenium are both becoming increasingly popular, jewelers say. Jewelers back to black with rhodium, ruthenium 2015-05-21T04:00:00Z Crowning the utensil was a tiny amount of ruthenium, a rare, hardy, and nearly untarnishable transition metal famous for augmenting the properties of other metals. Revealed: The Secrets of History's Greatest Pen 2013-11-21T17:55:00Z McWilliam says rhenium is about one third as abundant as gold; ruthenium is slightly more abundant than platinum; and silver is curiously only about a factor of 2.6 less abundant than platinum. Scanning For Galactic Gold 2013-10-30T10:44:00Z This happened with rhenium and ruthenium in 2006, when new aerospace and electronics applications for these metals were introduced: the price went up by almost a factor of ten. Q&A: A sustainable chemist 2013-10-16T17:21:39.283Z With so many metals to choose from, why did you select ruthenium for your catalyst? Q&A: The bond shifter 2013-10-16T17:21:33.257Z Platinum's sister metals are produced mainly for industrial uses: rhodium as a component in automobile catalytic converters and ruthenium for electronics. Jewelers back to black with rhodium, ruthenium 2015-05-21T04:00:00Z Nevertheless, Meyer's experiment with the ruthenium catalyst, the first to do photosynthesis in its entirety, is a potentially big practical breakthrough. A New Leaf: New Catalyst Boosts Artificial Photosynthesis as a Solar Alternative to Fossil Fuel 2012-06-13T11:15:05.690Z She uses the metal ruthenium for the first step, scandium for the second, and then a ruthenium variation for the third step--and it seems to work. Designing Catalysts for Sustainability 2011-10-24T19:54:00Z Rhenium and ruthenium are scarcer — in 2011 production was 49 tonnes and around 20 tonnes, respectively. Q&A: A sustainable chemist 2013-10-16T17:21:39.283Z One problem with this process is that the sulphur in the acid tends to deactivate the carbon–ruthenium catalyst, a problem Dumesic has solved by using a ruthenium–rhenium catalyst. Fuel options: The ideal biofuel 2011-06-22T21:50:40.910Z "It's a little bit more unusual," jeweler Thomas Nayler said of black ruthenium. Jewelers back to black with rhodium, ruthenium 2015-05-21T04:00:00Z The most recently discovered “platinum metal,” ruthenium, was recognized by C.E. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 6, Slice 1 "Châtelet" to "Chicago" However, she expects to direct part of it toward finding less expensive metals for her experiments, as ruthenium is both rare and quite expensive. Designing Catalysts for Sustainability 2011-10-24T19:54:00Z Earth needed steel, tin, nickel, and zinc; more than anything, Earth needed ruthenium, the rare-earth catalyst that made the huge solar energy converters possible. Gold in the Sky Now he's working on developing catalysts that use a cheaper metal than ruthenium. Fuel options: The ideal biofuel 2011-06-22T21:50:40.910Z The metals of the first of these groups—ruthenium, rhodium, and palladium—have atomic weights near 100 and densities near 12. An Elementary Study of Chemistry The next sub-group, ruthenium, rhodium, and palladium, has nothing to detain us. Occult Chemistry Clairvoyant Observations on the Chemical Elements We have the names in one of the tables arranged in two columns, representing, as you see, two groups—platinum, iridium, and osmium constituting one group; and ruthenium, rhodium, and palladium the other. The Chemical History of a Candle Iridium, osmium, platinum, ruthenium, tantalum, thorium, tungsten, uranium. Scientific American Supplement, No. 799, April 25, 1891 This substance is always native—it is always in the metallic state; and the metals with which it is found connected, and which are rarely found elsewhere, are palladium, rhodium, iridium, osmium, and ruthenium. The Chemical History of a Candle So with iridium and rhodium, and osmium and ruthenium, which are so closely allied that they make pairs, being separated each from its own group. The Chemical History of a Candle The lower ovoids in ruthenium are identical in composition, with those of iron, cobalt and nickel and may be studied under Iron. Occult Chemistry Clairvoyant Observations on the Chemical Elements |
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