| 单词 | rubidium |
| 例句 | An effort spanning the last several years, the Harvard platform is built on an array of very cold, laser-trapped rubidium atoms. Self-correcting quantum computers within reach? 2023-10-12T04:00:00Z First, they cooled a cloud of rubidium atoms to just shy of absolute zero. Entangled Light from Multitasking Atoms Could Spark Quantum Breakthroughs 2023-10-04T04:00:00Z A new economic assessment will also be carried out to include byproducts potassium, cesium and rubidium, which were not analyzed in the original study, Clarke said. Costs at American Lithium's Peru project up to $700 mln, CEO says 2023-06-19T04:00:00Z As substitutes for the electrons, we use ultracold rubidium atoms chilled to temperatures roughly 10 million times colder than outer space. Physicists Make Matter out of Light to Find Quantum Singularities 2023-06-18T04:00:00Z "So if you take the whole periodic table, and start putting things together - like lead, aluminium, rubidium, einsteinium - there are billions of new alloys that you can now make that you couldn't make on Earth." Can the UK's race to space take off? 2023-01-06T05:00:00Z Is the reaction of rubidium with water more or less vigorous than that of sodium? Chemistry 2019-02-14T00:00:00Z Next they illuminated that atom with another laser tuned to rubidium’s scattering preference and placed a lens off to the side to collect the scattered light and channel it into an optical fiber. Entangled Light from Multitasking Atoms Could Spark Quantum Breakthroughs 2023-10-04T04:00:00Z Figueroa is counting on rubidium vapor for one component of a repeater, the quantum memory. New internet woven from ‘spooky’ quantum links could supercharge science and commerce 2021-06-03T04:00:00Z The result is that the rubidium atoms feel an attraction to the bright spots arranged in a hexagonal pattern. Physicists Make Matter out of Light to Find Quantum Singularities 2023-06-18T04:00:00Z “We did a lot of modeling to deeply understand the physics of our experiment. Three years ago, we reached a better understanding of the interaction between a photon and the rubidium atom.” Physicists Achieve Best-Ever Measurement of Fine-Structure Constant 2020-12-16T05:00:00Z For example, it is possible to produce potassium, rubidium, and cesium by chemical reduction, as it is possible to reduce the molten chlorides of these metals with sodium metal. Chemistry 2019-02-14T00:00:00Z Researchers compared rubidium atoms of two different isotopes, atoms that contain different numbers of neutrons in their nuclei. Galileo’s famous gravity experiment holds up, even with individual atoms 2020-10-30T04:00:00Z Atoms of rubidium, a heavy cousin of the more familiar lithium and sodium, are appealing because their internal quantum states can be set and controlled by light. New internet woven from ‘spooky’ quantum links could supercharge science and commerce 2021-06-03T04:00:00Z One table is responsible for producing laser light for trapping, cooling and imaging rubidium atoms. Physicists Make Matter out of Light to Find Quantum Singularities 2023-06-18T04:00:00Z That enhanced understanding allowed the team to determine a more precise value for a rubidium atom’s mass. Physicists Achieve Best-Ever Measurement of Fine-Structure Constant 2020-12-16T05:00:00Z The peroxides of potassium, rubidium, and cesium can be prepared by heating the metal or its oxide in a carefully controlled amount of oxygen: Chemistry 2019-02-14T00:00:00Z Physicists cooled a gas of rubidium atoms and ushered them towards a 1.3-micrometre-thick barrier made of laser light. Daily briefing: Quantum tunnelling takes time 2020-07-23T04:00:00Z Steinberg and his colleagues started by cooling rubidium atoms down to about one nanokelvin before coaxing them with lasers to move slowly in a single direction. Quantum Tunneling Is Not Instantaneous, Physicists Show 2020-07-22T04:00:00Z In the first compartment, we heat a five-gram chunk of rubidium metal to more than 100 degrees Celsius, which causes it to emit a vapor of rubidium atoms. Physicists Make Matter out of Light to Find Quantum Singularities 2023-06-18T04:00:00Z The experiment employed multiple standard approaches to reach its stunning precision, starting with the laser cooling of a cloud of rubidium atoms. Physicists Achieve Best-Ever Measurement of Fine-Structure Constant 2020-12-16T05:00:00Z What color do we see when we heat a rubidium compound? Chemistry 2019-02-14T00:00:00Z The observed properties of the proton emission allowed the authors to deduce the structure of the proton-emitting state in rubidium-73, and, from this, the structure of the ground state of strontium-73. Mirror symmetry broken for nuclear ground states 2020-03-31T04:00:00Z So Steinberg’s team resorted to a technique known as weak measurement: An ensemble of identically prepared rubidium atoms approaches the barrier. Quantum Tunneling Is Not Instantaneous, Physicists Show 2020-07-22T04:00:00Z We then move the cold cloud of rubidium atoms into the final chamber, made entirely of quartz. Physicists Make Matter out of Light to Find Quantum Singularities 2023-06-18T04:00:00Z In this case, the wave in question concerns the probability of finding a rubidium atom in a certain position. Physicists Achieve Best-Ever Measurement of Fine-Structure Constant 2020-12-16T05:00:00Z Rubidium iodide crystallizes with a cubic unit cell that contains iodide ions at the corners and a rubidium ion in the center. Chemistry 2019-02-14T00:00:00Z Researchers start with two identical stations in a single lab, each containing a cloud of rubidium atoms. Quantum internet closer as physicists stretch spooky link between atoms 2020-02-13T05:00:00Z Physicists used these two properties to trap clouds of atoms such as rubidium and eventually lower their temperature to picokelvins—trillionths of a degree above absolute zero. The Coolest Physics You've Ever Heard Of 2020-01-20T05:00:00Z For example, in 2017, Christopher Monroe, an experimental physicist at the University of Maryland in College Park, and colleagues produced a discrete time crystal with 10 spinning rubidium ions arranged in a chain. Back to the future: The original time crystal makes a comeback 2019-11-27T05:00:00Z Lithium, sodium and potassium, which nicely align in the table’s first vertical column — Group One, the alkali metals, with rubidium, cesium, and francium — all have one electron in their outer electron shell. Is It Time to Upend the Periodic Table? 2019-08-27T04:00:00Z Soon, moving along the rows of the periodic table like a beachcomber on a shore, Cade began to experiment with salts of rubidium, cerium and strontium. Lithium: the gripping history of a psychiatric success story 2019-08-25T04:00:00Z He introduced the relatively small alkali metals, rubidium and caesium, to the mix, which produced solar cells that maintain performance at high temperatures for almost 21 consecutive days. Japan’s global connectors 2019-03-19T04:00:00Z In an ordinary laser cooling experiment, physicists shine laser light from opposite directions—up, down, left, right, front, back—on a puff of gas such as rubidium. Physicists create a quantum refrigerator that cools with an absence of light 2019-02-14T05:00:00Z To create the BEC in space, the researchers designed a special automated rig in which rubidium atoms were trapped on a chip. Weird state of matter produced in space for first time 2018-10-17T04:00:00Z The equipment will cool rubidium and potassium atoms by scattering laser light off the particles in all directions to slow them to almost a standstill. Universe’s coolest lab set to open up quantum world 2018-05-07T04:00:00Z Cornell and Wieman were trying to cool a puff of rubidium gas to within a few billionths of a degree of absolute zero—colder than any place in nature, even the 2.73 kelvins of space. Coolest science ever headed to the space station 2017-09-07T04:00:00Z The experiment, described in the journal Physical Review Letters, created the conditions for negative mass by cooling rubidium atoms to just above absolute zero, creating something called a Bose-Einstein condensate. Scientists have created a fluid with negative mass – but what does it tell us? 2017-04-19T04:00:00Z To create the conditions for negative mass, the researchers used lasers to trap the rubidium atoms and to kick them back and forth, changing the way they spin. Physicists observe 'negative mass' - BBC News 2017-04-19T04:00:00Z GPS satellites typically house four atomic clocks, made from caesium or rubidium. Tick tock: The importance of knowing the right time - BBC News 2017-04-02T04:00:00Z Each Galileo satellite carries two rubidium and two hydrogen maser clocks. Galileo satellites experiencing multiple clock failures - BBC News 2017-01-18T05:00:00Z The rubidium atoms in Dr. Cornell and Dr. Wieman’s experiment acted like bosons — a fundamental class of particles named after Professor Bose — which cozy up to each other to form the condensate. Deborah S. Jin Dies at 47; Physicist Studied Matter in Extreme Cold 2016-09-21T04:00:00Z “It looks like the rubidium hits an invisible wall.” Scientists have created a fluid with negative mass – but what does it tell us? 2017-04-19T04:00:00Z He added: "It looks like the rubidium hits an invisible wall." Physicists observe 'negative mass' - BBC News 2017-04-19T04:00:00Z Steinhauer implemented Unruh’s idea in a cloud of rubidium atoms that he cooled to a fraction of a degree above absolute zero. Artificial black hole creates its own version of Hawking radiation 2016-08-14T04:00:00Z Strong quantum correlations are detected among the spins of 480 rubidium atoms in a condensed state. Bell correlations in a Bose-Einstein condensate | Science 2016-04-21T04:00:00Z They’re using rubidium atoms, which behave like bosons, and a neat fact about these is that two bosons brought together and then separated will tend to “bunch”. Making And Shaking New Materials With Ultracold Atoms 2015-06-11T04:00:00Z Damour also notes that the two isotopes of rubidium are not that different, which limits the experiment’s ability to test the effects predicted by string theory models. Feature: Drop-testing general relativity, Galileo’s way 2015-03-05T05:00:00Z Agee’s team had pegged it at 2.1 billion years, based on a radiometric dating of rubidium and strontium, averaged across the sample in bulk. Feature: A castaway from ancient Mars 2014-11-25T05:00:00Z In a study described today in Nature1, researchers measured the minuscule gravitational tug between rubidium atoms and a 516-kilogram array of tungsten cylinders. Quantum method closes in on gravitational constant 2014-06-17T04:00:00Z Strong quantum correlations are detected among the spins of 480 rubidium atoms in a condensed state. Bell correlations in a Bose-Einstein condensate | Science 2016-04-21T04:00:00Z Under those extreme conditions, the hybrid star would forge excess amounts of the elements rubidium, lithium and molybdenum. A Giant Star With a Chewy Chocolate Center—Sort Of 2014-06-10T04:00:00Z He is working on an atomic version of Galileo’s drop test that will compare two different atoms: rubidium-87, which has 37 protons and 50 neutrons, and rubidium-85, which has two fewer neutrons. Feature: Drop-testing general relativity, Galileo’s way 2015-03-05T05:00:00Z To observe and test them in the lab, scientists engineered a quantum system - the magnetic field of a cloud of rubidium atoms in an unusual state of matter known as a Bose-Einstein condensate. Magnetic poles can 'split in two' 2014-01-30T02:23:31Z To do this, he chills rubidium atoms to a few billionths of a degree above absolute zero, and uses lasers to trap them in a lattice with egg-carton-like pockets. Physicists net fractal butterfly 2013-09-12T13:50:32.257Z Months earlier, a team of nine physicists had taken a rarefied vapour of rubidium-87 atoms, cooled it down to very near absolute zero and used lasers to arrange the atoms into a tiny grid. Simulation: Quantum leaps 2012-11-14T18:21:16.017Z Instantly, values for the abundances of rubidium and strontium appear as curves on a computer screen. Planetary science: The time machine 2012-07-25T17:20:40.527Z The physicists ran the experiment with rubidium-87 alone last year and plan to run with both atoms soon. Feature: Drop-testing general relativity, Galileo’s way 2015-03-05T05:00:00Z Start with a row of rubidium atoms, place your bets, let ʼem go, and measure their positions some time later. Quantum Horse Races and Crystals of Light 2012-06-25T17:45:03.767Z In the new demonstration, the qubit at each node of the network is stored in the internal quantum state of a single rubidium atom trapped in a reflective optical cavity. Bits of the Future: First Universal Quantum Network Prototype Links 2 Separate Labs 2012-04-11T19:45:00.213Z For example, the rubidium atoms in his lattice might be used to model a complex class of materials called high-temperature superconductors. Simulation: Quantum leaps 2012-11-14T18:21:16.017Z By the time Anderson gets round to explaining his part — the rubidium–strontium geochronometer — he has three minutes to talk about the thing he has been working on for eight years. Planetary science: The time machine 2012-07-25T17:20:40.527Z The record holders, a group in Innsbruck, use a device called an ion trap in which each qubit exists as a superposition of a rubidium atom at different energies. Quantum computing: An uncertain future 2012-02-23T17:07:45Z They used a beam of photons to measure the small magnetic field produced by a gas made up of a million ultra-cold rubidium atoms. Scientists Beat the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle 2011-03-24T00:53:52Z The mirrors of the cavity reflect a photon past the rubidium atom tens of thousands of times, boosting the chances of an interaction. Bits of the Future: First Universal Quantum Network Prototype Links 2 Separate Labs 2012-04-11T19:45:00.213Z They contain also traces of arsenic, antimony, selenium, rubidium, tin and organic substances. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 5, Slice 3 "Capefigue" to "Carneades" Potassium and argon are more abundant in common minerals than rubidium and strontium, which makes them easier to measure. Planetary science: The time machine 2012-07-25T17:20:40.527Z Only potassium and rubidium have a greater activity than this, and theirs is only about one-thousandth that of uranium. A Brief Account of Radio-activity If the still more electro-positive metal rubidium is used, the discharge can be produced by the light from a glass rod just heated to redness; but there is no discharge till the glass is luminous. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 6, Slice 8 "Conduction, Electric" Combining those read/write operations, the physicists managed to transmit a qubit from one rubidium atom to another located in a separate laboratory 21 meters away, using a messenger photon as the carrier between nodes. Bits of the Future: First Universal Quantum Network Prototype Links 2 Separate Labs 2012-04-11T19:45:00.213Z The salts of the acid are known as the perchlorates, and are all soluble in water; the potassium and rubidium salts, however, are only soluble to a slight extent. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 6, Slice 3 "Chitral" to "Cincinnati" He picked up a shard of rubidium that served as a paper weight and toyed with it. The Stutterer Certainly, it is possessed in varying degree by four of the old elements widely separated in the Periodic System, namely, uranium, thorium, rubidium, and potassium. A Brief Account of Radio-activity Elster and Geitel arrange the metals in the following order for the facility with which negative electrification is discharged by light: rubidium, potassium, alloy of sodium and potassium, sodium, lithium, magnesium, thallium, zinc. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 6, Slice 8 "Conduction, Electric" Of the three remaining elements of the family—lithium, rubidium, and cæsium—lithium is by far the most common, the other two being very rare. An Elementary Study of Chemistry It led Bunsen himself almost immediately to the isolation of two new elements of the alkali group, caesium and rubidium. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 4, Part 4 "Bulgaria" to "Calgary" The oxides of sodium, potassium, lithium, cæsium, and rubidium and ammonia are grouped under this head. A Text-book of Assaying: For the Use of Those Connected with Mines. I place within this group lithium, potassium, rubidium, fluorine, and manganese, because of their similarity in internal composition. Occult Chemistry Clairvoyant Observations on the Chemical Elements Now, if you could watch inside you would see it change; it is now rubidium, now silver, now caesium. Master Tales of Mystery, Volume 3 Antimony, arsenic, bismuth, boron, nitrogen, cæsium, gold, indium, mercury, phosphorus, rubidium, selenium, sulphur, thallium, praseodymium. Scientific American Supplement, No. 799, April 25, 1891 The platino-chlorides are reduced by hydrogen, and the caesium and rubidium chlorides extracted by water. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 4, Part 4 "Bulgaria" to "Calgary" Cæsium and rubidium are separated from potassium by fractional precipitation with platinum chloride. A Text-book of Assaying: For the Use of Those Connected with Mines. Potassium has nine, rubidium has sixteen, in both cases radiating from a central globe. Occult Chemistry Clairvoyant Observations on the Chemical Elements We see, also, that caesium causes inflection, and rubidium does not; and these two metals are allied to sodium and potassium. Insectivorous Plants This residue consists of sodium, potassium and lithium chlorides, with small quantities of caesium and rubidium chlorides. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 4, Part 4 "Bulgaria" to "Calgary" According to R. Bunsen, the best source of rubidium and caesium salts is the residue left after extraction of lithium salts from lepidolite. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 4, Part 4 "Bulgaria" to "Calgary" The separation of lithium, cæsium, and rubidium is seldom called for, owing to their rarity. A Text-book of Assaying: For the Use of Those Connected with Mines. They are all monads and paramagnetic; lithium, potassium and rubidium are positive, while fluorine and manganese are negative. Occult Chemistry Clairvoyant Observations on the Chemical Elements In order to separate caesium from rubidium, use is made of the different solubilities of their various salts. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 4, Part 4 "Bulgaria" to "Calgary" |
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