| 单词 | basal ganglion |
| 例句 | And he orders a CT of the basal ganglia to look for Fahr’s. House Watch: The Fall Finale Edition 2011-11-29T14:15:22Z Psychological studies have shown onset can often be traced to trauma; neurobiologists point to dysfunction in a processing loop that includes the basal ganglia; animal studies show compulsive behaviors are not limited to humans. 'The Man Who Couldn't Stop' a rich, reasonable look at OCD 2015-01-15T05:00:00Z First, they saw that the brain structure that strongly depends on dopamine, the basal ganglia, is indeed damaged and shows much less activity in people with Parkinson's than in healthy volunteers. Compensation by healthy brain parts alleviates Parkinson symptoms 2023-09-28T04:00:00Z It includes the cerebral cortex, limbic system, basal ganglia, thalamus, hypothalamus, cerebellum, brainstem, and retinas. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z In addition, THC alters the function of the cerebellum and basal ganglia, which regulate balance, coordination and reaction time. Opinion | We should not be celebrating marijuana use 2023-04-25T04:00:00Z Findings such as these suggest that in people with RBD, movement is generated through a motor circuit that bypasses the basal ganglia. Acting Out Dreams Predicts Parkinson’s and Other Brain Diseases 2023-01-24T05:00:00Z Damage to the basal ganglia, as in Parkinson’s disease, leads to motor impairments like a shuffling gait when walking. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z The basal ganglia lie deep in the brain, below the cerebral cortex. Compensation by healthy brain parts alleviates Parkinson symptoms 2023-09-28T04:00:00Z The cerebral cortex, limbic system, and basal ganglia make up the two cerebral hemispheres. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z The medial nuclei serve as a relay for information from the limbic system and basal ganglia to the cerebral cortex. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z Past research has also linked stuttering to the basal ganglia, brain structures involved in the coordination of movement. Unraveling the biology of a mysterious condition: stuttering 2022-02-19T05:00:00Z It includes the cerebral cortex, limbic system, basal ganglia, thalamus, hypothalamus, and cerebellum. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z If an app successfully helps us change our habits, it's likely because it mirrors behavioural principles for how we can best train the basal ganglia in the striatum in our brain. Is there a better way to make new resolutions stick? 2022-01-03T05:00:00Z Interconnected brain areas called the basal ganglia play important roles in movement control and posture. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z In the central nervous system, there is a group of nuclei that are connected together and were once called the basal ganglia before “ganglion” became accepted as a description for a peripheral structure. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z Then, around 2016 he homed in on the relationship between the prefrontal cortex and the basal ganglia, and the way dopamine in produced, or not produced, there. The medical mystery of those who "think" themselves to death 2022-01-01T05:00:00Z For example, when a wasp sting led to bilateral basal ganglia damage in a 25-year-old businessman, he began to spend all his days in bed and showed no interest in anything or anybody. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Cognitive processes, he argued, take place in the limbic lobe of the brain, whereas behavioral memory is centered in the basal ganglia. Mortimer Mishkin, neuroscientist who unlocked mysteries of the brain, dies at 94 2021-10-06T04:00:00Z As the name implies, the circuit connects structures deep in the brain—the basal ganglia, which includes the striatum, and the thalamus—with areas in the cortex closer to the brain’s surface. Stuttering Stems from Problems in Brain Wiring, Not Personalities 2021-08-09T04:00:00Z Bionaut is also collaborating with outside researchers who are trying to develop a pharmacological treatment for Huntington’s disease, which affects a set of neurons buried deep in the brain called the basal ganglia. This L.A. start-up is building tiny injectable robots to attack tumors 2021-03-04T05:00:00Z In that case, a person can lose hope of escape and, "the prefrontal cortex deliberately inhibits the production of dopamine in the basal ganglia to well below its functional level," says Leach. The medical mystery of those who "think" themselves to death 2022-01-01T05:00:00Z With repetition of a task, brain activity moves into areas of the putamen and the basal ganglia, deep in what Wood calls “the rudimentary machinery of our minds.” Can Brain Science Help Us Break Bad Habits? 2019-10-21T04:00:00Z The Neanderthal variants may lower URB4 expression in the basal ganglia and also lead to less myelination of axons in the cerebellum, a structure at the back of the brain. Why modern humans have round heads 2018-12-13T05:00:00Z For example, a 2017 study found that the expression of Neanderthal genes tends to be suppressed in the basal ganglia and cerebellum3, suggesting that the human versions of the genes are important to brain function. How Neanderthal DNA might have shaped some human brains 2018-12-12T05:00:00Z The cephalopods' invertebrate brains are vastly different from our own; they lack regions such as the cortex, basal ganglia and nucleus accumbens that we normally associate with complex interpersonal behaviors. Rolling Under the Sea: Scientists Gave Octopuses Ecstasy to Study Social Behavior 2018-12-01T05:00:00Z That’s because the basal ganglia, structures responsible for processing nondeclarative memory, are relatively protected in the brain’s center, below the cerebral cortex. Why Don't We Forget How to Ride a Bike? 2018-11-15T05:00:00Z Half a century before brain scans started to implicate specific regions in the condition, she postulated that the cerebellum, basal ganglia and frontal lobes might be involved. How History Forgot the Woman Who Defined Autism 2018-11-10T05:00:00Z The basal ganglia of the brain, which receive projections from the entire cerebral cortex and project back to it, solve this problem with a temporal difference algorithm and reinforcement learning. Why data is the new oil: What we mean when we talk about “deep learning” 2018-11-04T04:00:00Z Moyamoya is a rare and very serious progressive disorder caused by blocked arteries in an area of the brain called the basal ganglia. Sisters diagnosed with rare disease weeks apart recovering from brain surgeries 2018-09-28T04:00:00Z The SEF is likely to be involved in the anticipation of reward and helping control dopamine activity in a reward area called the basal ganglia. "Gambling Brain" Studies Make Clear Why It's Hard to Stop Rolling the Dice 2018-09-21T04:00:00Z Surgeons often place the electrodes within the basal ganglia, brain structures that govern subconscious movements, among other functions. Can brain-stimulating implants treat some severe cases of autism? 2018-09-14T04:00:00Z Concentrated in a region of the brain known as the basal ganglia, it affects a person’s ability to wave their arms, run across a stage or otherwise move their body. Arvid Carlsson, Nobel laureate who uncovered a treatment for Parkinson’s, dies at 95 2018-07-02T04:00:00Z AlphaGo used the same learning algorithm that the basal ganglia evolved to evaluate sequences of actions to maximize future rewards. Why data is the new oil: What we mean when we talk about “deep learning” 2018-11-04T04:00:00Z Many genes for intelligence were expressed in the “medium spiny neurons” which are part of the basal ganglia, clusters of neurons deep in the brain involved in learning, cognition, and emotion. Hundreds of new genes may underlie intelligence—but also autism and depression 2018-06-25T04:00:00Z The disorder stems from a problem within the basal ganglia, a series of structures in the brain that are responsible for selecting and inhibiting our movements. Treating Tourette Syndrome without Drugs 2018-06-05T04:00:00Z To split the difference, some teams have considered targeting the motor-motivation nexus in the basal ganglia, the ventral striatum or the globus pallidus, involved in motor regulation. Can brain-stimulating implants treat some severe cases of autism? 2018-09-14T04:00:00Z The human brain has a cluster of neurons called the basal ganglia. ‘Dance has saved my life’: Pacific Northwest Ballet dancer opens up about living — and performing — with OCD 2018-04-12T04:00:00Z Compared with other primates, both humans and great apes had elevated levels of two neurochemicals, serotonin and neuropeptide Y, in the basal ganglia. Dopamine may have given humans our social edge over other apes 2018-01-22T05:00:00Z A set of deep brain structures called the basal ganglia are also critical for movement, as evidenced by their degeneration in conditions such as Parkinson’s. "Movement Maps" Found Deep Inside Brain 2017-08-30T04:00:00Z When neurons fire, signaling us to move, the basal ganglia serves as a filter, allowing some of these signals to pass through and become movements. Treating Tourette Syndrome without Drugs 2018-06-05T04:00:00Z His brain’s basal ganglia, extended amygdala and prefrontal cortex – three regions closely tied to the functions of learning, stress, decision making and self-control – were thrown out of whack. Can this man successfully treat opioid addiction with marijuana? 2017-03-09T05:00:00Z The basal ganglia are supposed to filter out all the extraneous noise so we can focus on the task at hand. ‘Dance has saved my life’: Pacific Northwest Ballet dancer opens up about living — and performing — with OCD 2018-04-12T04:00:00Z For example, consider the Semantic Scholar search results for studies of the basal ganglia in songbirds. A computer program just ranked the most influential brain scientists of the modern era 2016-11-11T05:00:00Z According to this model, the parkinsonian motor cortex is forced to march in lockstep with β rhythms that emanate from the basal ganglia, rather than fire independently to enable normal physical movement. Electrotherapy: Shock value : Nature : Nature Research 2016-10-25T04:00:00Z Some research suggests the basal ganglia may be slightly smaller in people with tics, and one of the major neurotransmitters in the basal ganglia, dopamine, is believed to be overactive in those with TS. Treating Tourette Syndrome without Drugs 2018-06-05T04:00:00Z Once that spot is found, the doctors will insert a wire containing four electrodes that will essentially deactivate the part of my basal ganglia that has been causing the dystonia. ‘My heart breaks 80 million ways.’ A father passes a disorder to his son. 2016-09-30T04:00:00Z “In every picosecond of time,” Zinner said, “the basal ganglia have to decide what is relevant, what not to block out so you can survive.” ‘Dance has saved my life’: Pacific Northwest Ballet dancer opens up about living — and performing — with OCD 2018-04-12T04:00:00Z And brain scans of 260 kids further linked gaming both to alterations in the brain's so-called basal ganglia white matter and to improved communication between the kind of brain circuits central to learning. How Much Video Gaming Is Too Much for Kids? 2016-09-27T04:00:00Z But researchers have since shown that the electrical stimulation excites rather than inhibits neurons in the basal ganglia, sending neuroscientists back to the drawing board. Electrotherapy: Shock value : Nature : Nature Research 2016-10-25T04:00:00Z Such habits operate from the basal ganglia, the unconscious part of your mind, which means they are mostly invisible to you even as they form most of what you do all day. 5 Ways to Change Your Habits to Become More Successful 2016-09-21T04:00:00Z Changes to these very same brain structures—the basal ganglia in particular—are observed in people with coprolalia, the uncontrollable use of taboo language often observed in Tourette Syndrome. What Profanity Teaches Us About Ourselves 2016-09-13T04:00:00Z To compensate, he must invoke the deliberate and goal-directed part of his brain—the cortex—to override the basal ganglia. Finding Hope in Parkinson's Research: A Q&A with Jon Palfreman 2015-09-22T04:00:00Z Samples of the following areas were taken and analysed: frontal, temporal, parietal, occipital, posterior frontal cortex including motor strip, basal ganglia, thalamus, hippocampus, brain stem including midbrain, and cerebellar hemisphere and vermis. Evidence for human transmission of amyloid-[bgr] pathology and cerebral amyloid angiopathy : Nature : Nature Publishing Group 2015-09-08T04:00:00Z Most current pattern-model theories go back to the idea that DBS breaks up the unhealthy rhythms in the motor circuitry by introducing irregular patterns of neuronal activity in the basal ganglia. Electrotherapy: Shock value : Nature : Nature Research 2016-10-25T04:00:00Z Salvinorin-A, in contrast, reduces dopamine levels in parts of the basal ganglia. Traditional Medicine from Southern Mexico Offers Help with Addiction 2015-08-11T04:00:00Z “These automatic tasks,” Hodges replies, “depend on procedural memory, a function overseen by parts of the brain other than the temporal lobe, such as the basal ganglia and cerebellum.” Memory loss: what makes people forget who they are? 2015-07-29T04:00:00Z In Parkinson’s the signals passing through the basal ganglia are garbled and disrupt communication between the brain and the muscles. Finding Hope in Parkinson's Research: A Q&A with Jon Palfreman 2015-09-22T04:00:00Z Special-purpose hardware This elegant finding links intuition with the caudate nucleus, which is part of the basal ganglia—a set of interlinked brain areas responsible for learning, executing habits and automatic behaviors. Intuition May Reveal Where Expertise Resides in the Brain 2015-05-22T04:00:00Z Brown's team is focusing on excessive β-band activity in the basal ganglia, and has shown that the adaptive approach delivers symptom relief that is equivalent to conventional DBS, while reducing the side effects7. Electrotherapy: Shock value : Nature : Nature Research 2016-10-25T04:00:00Z All these signals come up into the brain where they are collected in the insular cortex, which is right next to, and connected with, the basal ganglia and is also densely packed with kappa receptors. Traditional Medicine from Southern Mexico Offers Help with Addiction 2015-08-11T04:00:00Z To treat Parkinson’s disease, neurosurgeons insert electrodes into a region called the basal ganglia, near the base of the brain. Clues to How an Electric Treatment for Parkinson’s Works 2015-04-16T04:00:00Z When the production of dopamine is interrupted, as it is with Parkinson’s, the signals passing through the basal ganglia are garbled, and it ends up giving poor advice. The Bright Side of Parkinson’s 2015-02-21T05:00:00Z The basal ganglia receive massive input from the cortex, the outer, rindlike surface of the brain. Intuition May Reveal Where Expertise Resides in the Brain 2015-05-22T04:00:00Z Whatever the mechanism, the general belief is that the β-band-busting activity of DBS comes from stimulating the cells within the subthalamic nucleus of the basal ganglia. Electrotherapy: Shock value : Nature : Nature Research 2016-10-25T04:00:00Z Parkinson's arises from degeneration of cells in the midbrain that feed dopamine to the basal ganglia, an area involved in the initiation and smoothness of movements. Music Can Heal the Brain 2015-02-12T05:00:00Z The disease kills a small patch of neurons in the basal ganglia that normally produce a neurotransmitter called dopamine. Clues to How an Electric Treatment for Parkinson’s Works 2015-04-16T04:00:00Z To compensate, he must invoke the deliberate and goal-directed part of his brain — the cortex — to override the basal ganglia. The Bright Side of Parkinson’s 2015-02-21T05:00:00Z Ultimately these structures project back to the cortex, creating a series of cortical–basal ganglia loops. Intuition May Reveal Where Expertise Resides in the Brain 2015-05-22T04:00:00Z Most research into the neurophysiology of the disease has focused on the brain's 'motor circuit', which consists of the basal ganglia, the thalamus and part of the cortex that governs movement. Electrotherapy: Shock value : Nature : Nature Research 2016-10-25T04:00:00Z She said calcification in the brain’s basal ganglia, areas of the brain associated with voluntary movements and mental processes, is common with the condition and creates risks of seizures, Parkinson’s disease and dementia. Artist’s work combats condition affecting brain 2014-11-01T04:00:00Z Beginning in the 1960s, Dr. DeLong inserted tiny electrodes into monkeys’ basal ganglia to see how specific neurons in that brain region affected their movements. Lasker Winner Calls for More Genetic Testing in Cancers 2014-09-08T04:00:00Z In Parkinson’s, the circuitry in a tiny region of the brain called the basal ganglia becomes dysfunctional. The Bright Side of Parkinson’s 2015-02-21T05:00:00Z It appears that the site of fast, automatic, unconscious cognitive operations—from where a solution materializes all of a sudden—lies in the basal ganglia, linked to but apart from the cortex. Intuition May Reveal Where Expertise Resides in the Brain 2015-05-22T04:00:00Z As Parkinson's progresses, neurons in the basal ganglia that produce the neurotransmitter dopamine die, derailing the function of the motor circuit. Electrotherapy: Shock value : Nature : Nature Research 2016-10-25T04:00:00Z The following year, cluster headaches and stroke-like symptoms prompted a CT scan, which first revealed his brain calcifications in the basal ganglia. Artist’s work combats condition affecting brain 2014-11-01T04:00:00Z Then he found that another chemical, ibotenate, rapidly reduced those symptoms by inactivating a part of the basal ganglia called the subthalamic nucleus. Lasker Winner Calls for More Genetic Testing in Cancers 2014-09-08T04:00:00Z Babies rely on the basal ganglia to learn how to deploy their muscles to reach, grab, babble and crawl, and later to accomplish many complex tasks without thinking. The Bright Side of Parkinson’s 2015-02-21T05:00:00Z Charles Duhigg, author of The Power of Habit, explains that habit behaviors are traced to a part of the brain called the basal ganglia – a portion of the brain associated with emotions, patterns, and memories. 5 Proven Methods For Gaining Self Discipline 2014-06-18T04:00:00Z “Individual cells in the motor cortex and the basal ganglia that normally tend to fire independently now fire together,” Starr explains. Electrotherapy: Shock value : Nature : Nature Research 2016-10-25T04:00:00Z Patients are required to stay still in the scanner while doctors examine the strength of the brain networks linked to the basal ganglia, the deep brain region associated with Parkinson's disease. MRI Technique May Help Detect Parkinson's Earlier 2014-06-12T04:00:00Z The new technique, called “resting state fMRI,” allows researchers to scan neural connections in the basal ganglia part of the brain, where Parkinson’s patients tend to suffer marked declines in connectivity. MRI Scans Can Detect Early Onset of Parkinson's, Study Finds 2014-06-11T04:00:00Z For example, when a tennis player practices a stroke over and over again, the basal ganglia circuitry both rewards and “learns” the correct sequence of activities to produce, say, a good backhand drive automatically. The Bright Side of Parkinson’s 2015-02-21T05:00:00Z There is some evidence that as Parkinson's destroys neurons in the basal ganglia, the activity of groups of cells in the STN and across this sensorimotor network becomes abnormally synchronized, locking at certain frequencies. Eavesdropping Deep within the Brain 2014-03-20T20:30:00Z In particular, Parkinson's researchers have identified high levels of β-band oscillation — brainwave activity occurring at around 15–30 hertz — within the basal ganglia. Electrotherapy: Shock value : Nature : Nature Research 2016-10-25T04:00:00Z There is some evidence that as Parkinson's destroys neurons in the basal ganglia, the activity of groups of cells in the STN and across this sensorimotor network becomes abnormally synchronized, locking at certain frequencies. Neuroscience: Tuning the brain 2014-03-19T18:20:43.331Z Conversely, even one night of sleep deprivation reduces the number of dopamine receptors in the striatum, a region of the basal ganglia that is severely affected by the disease. Neurodegeneration: Amyloid awakenings 2013-05-22T17:21:59.370Z Driving is one of those activities that we outsource, in large part, to the basal ganglia. The Bright Side of Parkinson’s 2015-02-21T05:00:00Z The strength of the wiring between the hippocampus and the prefrontal cortex and the basal ganglia varied by about 15 percent. Your child's brain on math: Don't bother? 2013-04-29T21:02:17Z Normally, dopamine-producing neurons in the basal ganglia prevent such synchronized rhythms from becoming established; in this 'pattern model', the loss of these neurons removes this safeguard. Electrotherapy: Shock value : Nature : Nature Research 2016-10-25T04:00:00Z The surrounding frontal cortex and underlying white matter, the insula, basal ganglia, parts of the anterior temporal gyrus: all of these seemed to be somehow involved in speech production. The man who couldn t speak and how he revolutionized psychology 2013-02-08T20:15:05.317Z Huntington's is a fatal, hereditary illness that causes a cascade of cell death in the brain's basal ganglia region. Sheep Help Scientists Fight Huntington s Disease 2012-12-16T15:15:00.180Z Take, for instance, the basal ganglia – that bundle of neural structures near the base of the forebrain. Revenge of the Lizard Brain 2012-09-07T14:45:03.807Z The basal ganglia, tucked under the brain's outer surface, "is involved in habit formation and procedural memory," such as how to add numbers. Your child's brain on math: Don't bother? 2013-04-29T21:02:17Z This would favour a model in which Parkinson's is driven by the motor cortex rather than by the basal ganglia. Electrotherapy: Shock value : Nature : Nature Research 2016-10-25T04:00:00Z Dr. Graybiel is an expert in the basal ganglia, structures in the forebrain that control movement and have been implicated in diseases like Parkinson’s and addiction. Seven Scientists Win Kavli Prizes 2012-05-31T12:16:18Z Name the surgical procedure that destroys part of the basal ganglia and helps Parkinson's patients. Test yourself against the brains at the Brain Bee 2012-03-05T18:28:20Z Instead, he writes, "an ancient brain system called the basal ganglia, brain circuits that consciousness cannot access," pull the strings. Science's "most beautiful theories" 2012-01-15T05:14:46Z And brain receptors that respond to caffeine are concentrated in the basal ganglia, an area that is important for both depression and Parkinson's disease. Coffee linked with lower depression risk in women 2011-09-27T15:39:05Z Efforts to alleviate Parkinson's symptoms in humans with direct electrical stimulation of the motor cortex, rather than the basal ganglia, have proven disappointing. Electrotherapy: Shock value : Nature : Nature Research 2016-10-25T04:00:00Z “These cells and molecules, awash in various neurochemical cocktails in my basal ganglia, are presumably the basis for my love and attachment to my husband,” she writes. An Odyssey Through the Brain, Illuminated by a Rainbow 2010-12-01T16:26:00Z The hippocampus and basal ganglia are no more strongly connected than other parts of the forebrain and basal ganglia. Can Exercise Make Kids Smarter? 2010-09-15T13:13:00Z They are most common in the pons, basal ganglia, and cerebellum, but occur also in the cerebral cortex and sometimes in the centrum ovale. Manual of Surgery Volume Second: Extremities—Head—Neck. Sixth Edition. Jackson located these middle level structures in the cortex of the central convolutions, the basal ganglia and the centers of the special senses in the cortex. Youth: Its Education, Regimen, and Hygiene Finally, there are the large nerve masses at the base of the brain known as the basal ganglia, which contain the nerve centers for the co-ordination of the other three. The Glands Regulating Personality In my last year's paper I showed that chronologically the diagnosis of dyslalia mounted step by step from a material external affair, up through the nerves until we came to the basal ganglia. The Journal of Abnormal Psychology, Volume 10 The two studies did not directly overlap, but the researchers, in their separate reports, noted that the hippocampus and basal ganglia regions interact in the human brain, structurally and functionally. Can Exercise Make Kids Smarter? 2010-09-15T13:13:00Z Its secretion must act upon the great basal ganglia, at the base of the brain, which contain the nerve cells and fibres that are the centers of emotional control and co-ordination. The Glands Regulating Personality |
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