| 单词 | retrovirus |
| 例句 | Many scientists, on the other hand, argued that cancer was caused by viruses – particularly retroviruses. Cancer: The new normal? 2011-01-17T17:35:24Z HIV, which causes AIDS, was a tenacious foe, genetically far more complex than other known retroviruses. The AIDS crisis in America... 2017-01-19T05:00:00Z And so cancer, it was thought, was unleashed when a retrovirus gene attached itself to the cell's DNA, thereby delivering a genetic signal to alter cellular growth. Cancer: The new normal? 2011-01-17T17:35:24Z To convert RNA into DNA, retroviruses contain genes that encode the virus-specific enzyme reverse transcriptase that transcribes an RNA template to DNA. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z "It turned out that the antibodies are recognising remnants of what's termed endogenous retroviruses," Prof Julian Downward, an associate research director at the Francis Crick Institute, told me. Million-year-old viruses help fight cancer, say scientists 2023-04-14T04:00:00Z That has opened the doors for the possibility of vaccines against viruses that had eluded immunologists, including retroviruses like HIV — for which researchers are already working on an mRNA vaccine. Herpes vaccine tests underway by company that made COVID-19 vaccines 2022-12-29T05:00:00Z HIV is a retrovirus, meaning it can insert itself into the DNA of a host and lay dormant there until something stirs it out. Calling COVID “airborne AIDS" is inaccurate. But what it does to your immune system is still scary 2022-12-02T05:00:00Z HERVs, or human endogenous retroviruses, make up around 8% of the human genome, left behind as a result of infections that humanity's primate ancestors suffered millions of years ago. Humans are 8% virus – how ancient viral DNA in your genome plays a role in disease and development 2022-11-03T04:00:00Z By far the most successful use of antivirals has been in the treatment of the retrovirus HIV, which causes a disease that, if untreated, is usually fatal within 10–12 years after being infected. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z Viruses that embed their genetic material in our genome are known as retroviruses. Ancient virus may be protecting the human placenta 2022-10-27T04:00:00Z HERVs, or human endogenous retroviruses, make up around 8% of the human genome, left behind as a result of infections that humanity’s primate ancestors suffered millions of years ago. How the Ancient Viral DNA in Our Genome Affects Disease and Development 2022-10-19T04:00:00Z HIV is a retrovirus that does not go directly on a killing spree when it enters a cell. Viruses may be ‘watching’ you 2022-09-21T04:00:00Z Like modern HIV, these ancient retroviruses had to insert their genetic material into their host's genome to replicate. Humans are 8% virus – how ancient viral DNA in your genome plays a role in disease and development 2022-11-03T04:00:00Z However, viral DNA, especially that of retroviruses, is commonly found in the host genome. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z In its former life as a retrovirus, Syncytin could fuse with cell membranes to enter cells; its modern form allows the placenta to form during fetal development by fusing cells together. Ancient virus may be protecting the human placenta 2022-10-27T04:00:00Z Like modern HIV, these ancient retroviruses had to insert their genetic material into their host’s genome to replicate. How the Ancient Viral DNA in Our Genome Affects Disease and Development 2022-10-19T04:00:00Z The genetic information of the retrovirus is copied from RNA to DNA, and may be inserted into the DNA of the host cell. Miller & Levine Biology 2018-01-01T00:00:00Z HIV is a relatively inefficient retrovirus which affects the immune system. Blaming Gay Men for Monkeypox Will Harm Everyone 2022-06-09T04:00:00Z To convert RNA into DNA, retroviruses must contain genes that encode the virus-specific enzyme reverse transcriptase that transcribes an RNA template to DNA. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z “You could argue that without retroviruses you wouldn’t have mammals,” says Welkin Johnson, a virologist at Boston College. Ancient virus may be protecting the human placenta 2022-10-27T04:00:00Z But some ancient retroviruses gained the ability to infect germ cells, such as egg or sperm, that do pass their DNA down to future generations. How the Ancient Viral DNA in Our Genome Affects Disease and Development 2022-10-19T04:00:00Z But that number was 28% higher among vaccinated Americans suffering from any stage of Human Immunodeficiency Virus, the retrovirus that causes AIDS. HIV patients at higher risk of COVID breakthrough infections, study shows 2022-06-09T04:00:00Z The French virologist was a senior researcher at the Pasteur Institute in Paris, where he directed a unit that focused on retroviruses, which multiply by splicing their genetic material into a host cell’s genome. Luc Montagnier, Nobel-winning virologist who co-discovered HIV, dies at 89 2022-02-10T05:00:00Z The fact that some retroviruses produces some of its own enzymes not found in the host has allowed researchers to develop drugs that inhibit these enzymes. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Viruses called type D retroviruses use it to bypass cellular defenses to sneak into cells and cause a variety of diseases in many animals, including nonhuman primates. Ancient virus may be protecting the human placenta 2022-10-27T04:00:00Z By targeting germ cells, these retroviruses became incorporated into human ancestral genomes over the course of millions of years and may have implications for how researchers screen and test for diseases today. How the Ancient Viral DNA in Our Genome Affects Disease and Development 2022-10-19T04:00:00Z He is also being monitored for infections, including porcine retrovirus, a pig virus that may be transmitted to humans, although the risk is considered low. In a First, Man Receives a Heart From a Genetically Altered Pig 2022-01-10T05:00:00Z In the early 2000s, FDA halted dozens of gene therapy trials involving a different type of virus, a mouse-derived retrovirus, when patients developed leukemia after being treated for an inherited immune disorder. Gene therapy clinical trial halted as cancer risk surfaces 2021-08-11T04:00:00Z By far, the most successful use of antivirals has been in the treatment of the retrovirus HIV, which causes a disease that, if untreated, is usually fatal within 10–12 years after infection. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Feschotte says this could have presented a major challenge to early animals if they didn’t have a way to protect themselves against these retroviruses. Ancient virus may be protecting the human placenta 2022-10-27T04:00:00Z There are around 30 different kinds of human endogenous retroviruses in people today, amounting to over 60,000 proviruses in the human genome. How the Ancient Viral DNA in Our Genome Affects Disease and Development 2022-10-19T04:00:00Z The enzyme, reverse transcriptase, is encoded by LINE-1 elements, sequences that litter 17% of the human genome and represent artifacts of ancient infections by retroviruses. Further evidence offered for claim that genes of pandemic coronavirus can integrate with human DNA 2021-05-06T04:00:00Z Those side effects led scientists to switch to lentiviruses, a subset of retroviruses that includes HIV. Gene therapy clinical trial halted as cancer risk surfaces 2021-08-11T04:00:00Z The HIV virus uses reverse transcriptase because it is a retrovirus. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Safeguarding the placenta would be particularly important, as retroviruses that infected an embryo early enough in development could get into sperm and egg cells. Ancient virus may be protecting the human placenta 2022-10-27T04:00:00Z Whether the genetic remnants of human endogenous retroviruses can cause disease in people is still under study. How the Ancient Viral DNA in Our Genome Affects Disease and Development 2022-10-19T04:00:00Z “Darwin’s Radio,” a novel about a retrovirus that changes the course of human evolution, sounds pretty prescient given our current situation. Lynnwood’s Greg Bear, stalwart of modern science fiction, starts writing his life story 2021-02-19T05:00:00Z The team produced retroviruses with spike proteins incorporating each of B.1.351’s nine mutations separately, as well as all at once. Vaccine 2.0: Moderna and other companies plan tweaks that would protect against new coronavirus mutations 2021-01-26T05:00:00Z How these viral genes became part of the human genome, and to what purposes they have become adapted, are aspects of a remarkable story that begins with the concept of human endogenous retroviruses. How viruses shape our world 2021-01-14T05:00:00Z Pasquesi adds that it’s technically impressive the authors managed to figure out which receptor these retroviruses were using to enter cells. Ancient virus may be protecting the human placenta 2022-10-27T04:00:00Z Similarly, mice, cats and sheep also found a way to use endogenous retroviruses to protect themselves against the original ancient virus that created them. How the Ancient Viral DNA in Our Genome Affects Disease and Development 2022-10-19T04:00:00Z The work, only reported in a preprint, suggests the pandemic pathogen takes a page from HIV and other retroviruses and integrates its genetic code—but, importantly, just parts of it—into people’s chromosomes. The coronavirus may sometimes slip its genetic material into human chromosomes—but what does that mean? 2020-12-16T05:00:00Z Now, a surprising new study on a related retrovirus shows incredible promise for the potential to develop a cure for HIV, or human immunodeficiency virus. Scientists just used CRISPR to cure the simian equivalent of HIV. Here's why this is a big deal 2020-12-02T05:00:00Z Here’s the big twist: Some retroviruses infect reproductive cells—the cells that produce eggs or sperm—and in doing that, they insert their DNA into the heritable genome of the host. How viruses shape our world 2021-01-14T05:00:00Z Feschotte’s team now plans to work through the dozens of other active retroviruses that they identified. Ancient virus may be protecting the human placenta 2022-10-27T04:00:00Z A remarkable one fifth of those genes, or 8 percent of the human genome, are derived from retroviruses. The Ocean Carries ‘Memories’ of SARS-CoV-2 2020-08-15T04:00:00Z One particularly harsh Twitter critic, a postdoctoral student in a lab that specializes in retroviruses, went so far as to call the preprint’s conclusions “a strong, dangerous, and largely unsupported claim.” The coronavirus may sometimes slip its genetic material into human chromosomes—but what does that mean? 2020-12-16T05:00:00Z A retrovirus, on the other hand, becomes part of the host’s genome and is therefore much more difficult to defeat. Flossie Wong-Staal, pioneering HIV/AIDS researcher, dies at 73 2020-07-13T04:00:00Z The first gene of this sort from an endogenous retrovirus eventually was replaced by others that were similar but better suited for the role. How viruses shape our world 2021-01-14T05:00:00Z In one, they created harmless proxy viruses using standard tools, including retroviruses and so-called virus-like particles. Mutation Allows Coronavirus to Infect More Cells, Study Finds. Scientists Urge Caution. 2020-06-12T04:00:00Z Mikovits long ago lost credibility in the scientific community when the journal Science retracted a 2009 article the virologist co-authored claiming her research showed that a mouse retrovirus caused chronic fatigue syndrome . A disgraced scientist and a viral video: how a Covid conspiracy theory started 2020-05-14T04:00:00Z In 2009, Dr. Mikovits published research in the journal Science claiming to show that a mouse retrovirus caused chronic fatigue syndrome and other illnesses. Virus Conspiracists Elevate a New Champion 2020-05-09T04:00:00Z When Dr. Wong-Staal joined NIH, Gallo was engaged in groundbreaking research on retroviruses, a group of viruses that infect their victims by inserting their genetic material into the host’s DNA. Flossie Wong-Staal, pioneering HIV/AIDS researcher, dies at 73 2020-07-13T04:00:00Z HIV, for instance, is a retrovirus that infects human immune cells, inserting its genome into the cell genome, where it may lie dormant. How viruses shape our world 2021-01-14T05:00:00Z The paper revealed nothing of the sort; it only claimed to show a link between one condition, CFS, and a mouse retrovirus. Fact-checking Judy Mikovits, the controversial virologist attacking Anthony Fauci in a viral conspiracy video 2020-05-08T04:00:00Z Both his parents were scientists at the National Institutes of Health and were huge influences in driving him towards a career in retroviruses in human disease. Dr. Robert Redfield, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention director 2020-03-18T04:00:00Z He pointed to a September 2012 news conference at Columbia in which Dr. Mikovits admitted the link her original research had made between the mouse retrovirus and chronic fatigue syndrome was “simply not there.” Virus Conspiracists Elevate a New Champion 2020-05-09T04:00:00Z In contrast, retroviruses, such as HIV, are RNA viruses that use an enzyme called reverse transcriptase, which creates DNA from an RNA blueprint. A Promising Antiviral Is Being Tested for the Coronavirus—but Results Are Not Yet Out 2020-02-28T05:00:00Z HIV is a retrovirus — a type of virus that inserts copies of its own genetic code into the genomes of the cells that it infects. Researchers use CRISPR to eliminate HIV in mice, DNA and all 2019-11-17T05:00:00Z The koala retrovirus is unusual because 40,000 years is the blink of an eye in evolutionary time, and because the process appears to be continuing. A Virus in Koala DNA Shows Evolution in Action 2019-10-10T04:00:00Z They have occasionally played a key role in evolution: Endogenous retroviruses helped drive the development of the placenta in mammals, for example. What a Koala Virus Tells Us About the Human Genome 2019-10-14T04:00:00Z Scientists studying them say they have identified a genetic mutation and a retrovirus present in the species. Longleat koalas aid disease research breakthrough 2019-10-14T04:00:00Z And they have unraveled the complex biology of cancer, tracing it to genes, hormones, viruses and retroviruses as well as to carcinogens like those found in cigarettes. Cancer Medicine Is Failing Us 2019-08-04T04:00:00Z About eight percent of our genome consists of “remnants of retroviruses that have invaded our lineage,” Quammen says. Was Darwin Wrong? 2019-06-15T04:00:00Z When retroviruses become part of an animal’s inherited DNA, they are called endogenous and eventually they no longer cause the kind of original infection they once did. A Virus in Koala DNA Shows Evolution in Action 2019-10-10T04:00:00Z A koala retrovirus, or KoRV, has been rolling through koala populations in Australia from the north to south. What a Koala Virus Tells Us About the Human Genome 2019-10-14T04:00:00Z Scientists studying the Longleat Koalas believe they have identified a genetic mutation and a retrovirus present in the southern koala population. Longleat koalas aid disease research breakthrough 2019-10-14T04:00:00Z In particular, a family of porcine indigenous retroviruses knows as PERVs. Listen: Pig-heart transplants in baboons work for longer than ever before 2018-12-04T05:00:00Z A similar pattern of results was obtained when the authors conducted the same type of study using Mason–Pfizer monkey virus, which belongs to yet another genus of retroviruses. How cells hush a viral invader 2018-11-27T05:00:00Z Their research led to the discovery that koala retrovirus was causing some of the cancers and that it was not only infecting the animals but part of their genome. A Virus in Koala DNA Shows Evolution in Action 2019-10-10T04:00:00Z An inactivated virus, such as a lentivirus or retrovirus, is then used to insert a gene into the T cells. Genetically modified T cells target lymphoma 2018-11-13T05:00:00Z Dr Tarlinton and her team believe they have identified a retrovirus within the southern population that helps protect them from the diseases which have affected the northern koalas. Longleat koalas aid disease research breakthrough 2019-10-14T04:00:00Z Its sequencing has revealed the boggling reality that 8 percent of our human genome consists of viral DNA inserted sideways into our lineage by retroviruses. The Scientist Who Scrambled Darwin’s Tree of Life 2018-08-13T04:00:00Z The origin of retroviruses is at least as ancient as that of vertebrates8. How cells hush a viral invader 2018-11-27T05:00:00Z Still, a deeper look at the southerners’ DNA showed that they weren’t free from the inherited retrovirus as initially thought. A Virus in Koala DNA Shows Evolution in Action 2019-10-10T04:00:00Z Some overlapped with regions of the genome that seem to belong to retroviruses that invaded our ancestors’ genomes; others belong to other repetitive stretches, which are rarely translated into proteins. New human gene tally reignites debate 2018-06-18T04:00:00Z The team is hopeful the new information will help to develop cross-breeding programmes to eradicate the genetic mutation which causes kidney disease and to spread the retrovirus which helps protect against the cancers and HIV. Longleat koalas aid disease research breakthrough 2019-10-14T04:00:00Z It is a retrovirus, meaning that it integrates its genes into its host’s DNA. HIV+ volunteers are bequeathing their organs to a new project 2018-05-31T04:00:00Z Perhaps NP220 represents an ancestral defence system to tackle invading retroviruses. How cells hush a viral invader 2018-11-27T05:00:00Z Dr. Theurkauf and his colleagues focused their work on snippets of RNA called piRNAs, which turn off endogenous retroviruses and keep them from replicating and jumping from spot to spot. A Virus in Koala DNA Shows Evolution in Action 2019-10-10T04:00:00Z The discovery of the first human retrovirus in 1980 was a minor scientific sensation. Scientists are declaring war against a leukemia-causing virus that has infected millions 2018-05-23T04:00:00Z During Verma’s first 4 years at Salk, he published 16 papers, many reporting discoveries about reverse transcriptase, the enzyme that enables retroviruses to insert their genetic material into cells’ DNA. Famed cancer biologist allegedly sexually harassed women for decades 2018-04-26T04:00:00Z Other researchers have long been concerned that using a retrovirus to insert genes at random points in cells’ genomes might cause cancer. A boy with a rare disease gets new skin, thanks to gene-corrected stem cells 2017-11-08T05:00:00Z Importantly, it also provides clues to the evolutionary arms race between humans and retroviruses, and offers insights into a mechanism that might offer protection against disease-causing viruses. How cells hush a viral invader 2018-11-27T05:00:00Z But at least four of them are just as active as koala retrovirus. A Virus in Koala DNA Shows Evolution in Action 2019-10-10T04:00:00Z HTLV-1 was soon eclipsed, however, by another retrovirus that would go on to kill more than 35 million people and keep generations of scientists busy: HIV. Scientists are declaring war against a leukemia-causing virus that has infected millions 2018-05-23T04:00:00Z Verma had assembled a small, talented group of scientists who uncovered the structure of certain retroviruses and revealed how they co-opted oncogenes to cause cancer. Famed cancer biologist allegedly sexually harassed women for decades 2018-04-26T04:00:00Z They infected those cells with a retrovirus bearing healthy copies of the needed gene, LAMB3, and grew them into sheets ranging from 50 to 150 square centimeters. A boy with a rare disease gets new skin, thanks to gene-corrected stem cells 2017-11-08T05:00:00Z Viruses known as retroviruses encode their genetic blueprint in the form of RNA. How cells hush a viral invader 2018-11-27T05:00:00Z Some endogenous retroviruses offer protection against other viruses, for example. Ancient Viruses Are Buried in Your DNA 2017-10-04T04:00:00Z Researchers knew retroviruses—which transcribe their RNA genome into DNA and integrate it into a host cell's genome—existed in animals. Scientists are declaring war against a leukemia-causing virus that has infected millions 2018-05-23T04:00:00Z The team also led the development of retroviruses as vectors to deliver DNA for gene therapy. Famed cancer biologist allegedly sexually harassed women for decades 2018-04-26T04:00:00Z Another is that the graft may bring with it novel infections, caused by what are known as endogenous retroviruses. Gene editing may make pigs into organ donors for people 2017-08-09T04:00:00Z The clones, which were born without the retrovirus, will be monitored for long-term effects from the procedure. Scientists create safer pig organs with goal of transplants for humans 2017-08-10T04:00:00Z In January, Dr. Katzourakis was a co-author on a study showing that one retrovirus common in mammals also is present in fish like cod and tuna. Ancient Viruses Are Buried in Your DNA 2017-10-04T04:00:00Z In the early 1980s, the virus sped up the discovery of HIV, he says, because it alerted scientists to the possibility that a retrovirus might be causing the mysterious new syndrome called AIDS. Scientists are declaring war against a leukemia-causing virus that has infected millions 2018-05-23T04:00:00Z Tests identified 25 Pervs - porcine endogenous retroviruses - hidden in the pig's genetic code. GM pigs take step to being organ donors - BBC News 2017-08-10T04:00:00Z In any event, said Dr. A. Joseph Tector, a transplant surgeon at the University of Alabama at Birmingham, pig retroviruses are very sensitive to the drugs used to treat HIV. Gene editing spurs hope for transplanting pig organs into humans 2017-08-10T04:00:00Z The scientists created pig genes that lacked the problematic retrovirus, then used a cloning technique to produce pig embryos, according to a statement from eGenesis. Scientists create safer pig organs with goal of transplants for humans 2017-08-10T04:00:00Z Five years ago, the French biologist Odile Heidmann and her colleagues went on a search for more endogenous retroviruses in the human genome. Ancient Viruses Are Buried in Your DNA 2017-10-04T04:00:00Z The Alabama group, though, does not think pig retroviruses are a major concern. Gene Editing Spurs Hope for Transplanting Pig Organs Into Humans 2017-08-10T04:00:00Z The other problem is the risk for infection: the pig genome is riddled with infectious agents called porcine endogenous retroviruses, or PERVs. How turning off viruses in piglets could make their organs safer for people 2017-08-10T04:00:00Z But other researchers say the risk of infecting humans with pig retroviruses is not that clear and that, on balance, unnecessarily editing the pig genes would add to the complexity and cost of a xenotransplant. Gene-Editing Success Brings Pig-to-Human Transplants Closer to Reality 2017-08-10T04:00:00Z The scientists created pig genes that lacked the problematic retrovirus, then used a cloning technique to produce pig embryos, according to a statement from eGenesis. Scientists create safer pig organs with goal of transplants for humans 2017-08-10T04:00:00Z The early embryo is a hotbed of activity for endogenous retroviruses, recent studies have shown. Ancient Viruses Are Buried in Your DNA 2017-10-04T04:00:00Z In any event, said Dr. A. Joseph Tector, a transplant surgeon at the University of Alabama in Birmingham, pig retroviruses are very sensitive to the drugs used to treat H.I.V. Gene Editing Spurs Hope for Transplanting Pig Organs Into Humans 2017-08-10T04:00:00Z “It removes the potential risk for cross-species transmission of these retroviruses.” How turning off viruses in piglets could make their organs safer for people 2017-08-10T04:00:00Z Whether or not pig retroviruses would truly pose a risk of causing disease in humans remains controversial. Gene-Editing Success Brings Pig-to-Human Transplants Closer to Reality 2017-08-10T04:00:00Z The clones, which were born without the retrovirus, will be monitored for long-term effects from the procedure. Scientists create safer pig organs with goal of transplants for humans 2017-08-10T04:00:00Z “When the host grows, it will have copies in the retrovirus in most of its cells,” Dr. Magiorkinis said. Ancient Viruses Are Buried in Your DNA 2017-10-04T04:00:00Z But perhaps the most striking example of a replicating endogenous retrovirus is in koalas. Medicine's Movable Feast: What Jumping Genes Can Teach Us about Treating Disease 2017-07-26T04:00:00Z That’s how retroviruses replicate in the wild: they slide their own genetic material into a host’s DNA, and hijack the host’s cellular protein-building machinery to churn out more virus particles. The deadly virus in Planet of the Apes is a fictional flu inspired by real-world pandemics 2017-07-20T04:00:00Z By January of that year, researchers at the Pasteur Institute had isolated a T-cell killing retrovirus from an Aids patient, and Robert Gallo further showed this virus, named HIV, could lead to Aids. Russian fake news is not new: Soviet Aids propaganda cost countless lives 2017-06-14T04:00:00Z The finding, which is based on an analysis published on 10 January in Nature Communications1, indicates that retroviruses moved with their vertebrate hosts from the ocean to dry land. Ancient retroviruses emerged half a billion years ago 2017-01-09T05:00:00Z If a retrovirus happens to infect an egg or sperm, its DNA can potentially be passed to the next generation and the generation after that. Ancient Viruses Are Buried in Your DNA 2017-10-04T04:00:00Z Much of the focus on transposable elements—and particularly, on endogenous retroviruses and LINE-1s—has centered on the possible negative repercussions of these DNA insertions. Medicine's Movable Feast: What Jumping Genes Can Teach Us about Treating Disease 2017-07-26T04:00:00Z Instead, retroviruses typically require intimate contact, like sharing needles, unprotected sex, childbirth, or breastfeeding to hop from person to person. The deadly virus in Planet of the Apes is a fictional flu inspired by real-world pandemics 2017-07-20T04:00:00Z Dugas’ story emphasizes that HIV was “not just a retrovirus undergoing change in some timeless void”, he adds. HIV’s Patient Zero exonerated 2016-10-25T04:00:00Z Many viruses insert copies of their genome into their host’s DNA, and retroviruses are particularly adept at doing this. Ancient retroviruses emerged half a billion years ago 2017-01-09T05:00:00Z But over the generations, the viral DNA mutates, and endogenous retroviruses eventually lose the ability to infect new cells. Ancient Viruses Are Buried in Your DNA 2017-10-04T04:00:00Z But work tracing back to the 1980s has suggested that endogenous retroviruses may also support reproductive function in some way6. Medicine's Movable Feast: What Jumping Genes Can Teach Us about Treating Disease 2017-07-26T04:00:00Z Scientists really do use viruses as couriers to deliver foreign genes into cells, however, and retroviruses are especially good at this. The deadly virus in Planet of the Apes is a fictional flu inspired by real-world pandemics 2017-07-20T04:00:00Z RT is relatively easy to detect in a cell culture, where it can signal the presence of a retrovirus. At gathering of HIV/AIDS pioneers, raw memories mix with current conflicts 2016-10-26T04:00:00Z But Katzourakis hit a wall when he tried this for foamy-virus sequences from 36 reptile and amphibian lineages, whose ancestors were probably the first animals infected by retroviruses. Ancient retroviruses emerged half a billion years ago 2017-01-09T05:00:00Z After a single infection, an endogenous retrovirus may build up hundreds of copies of itself in its host’s DNA. Ancient Viruses Are Buried in Your DNA 2017-10-04T04:00:00Z The risks of transposable elements to human health are a concern when it comes to the tissue transplants we receive from other species, such as from pigs, which have porcine endogenous retroviruses. Medicine's Movable Feast: What Jumping Genes Can Teach Us about Treating Disease 2017-07-26T04:00:00Z Like most early studies, the vector was based on retroviruses, which carry their genetic cargo as RNA. Gene therapy: Industrial strength : Nature : Nature Research 2016-09-06T04:00:00Z Gallo’s lab had recently discovered the first human retrovirus, a leukemia and lymphoma virus known as HTLV-1. At gathering of HIV/AIDS pioneers, raw memories mix with current conflicts 2016-10-26T04:00:00Z Seventeen years ago, our thirteen year old son was dying of ATL, a cancer caused by a retrovirus. Immunotherapy Offers Hope to a Cancer Patient, but No Certainty 2016-07-31T04:00:00Z Some endogenous retroviruses are unique to humans, but others are found in a variety of species. Ancient Viruses Are Buried in Your DNA 2017-10-04T04:00:00Z But some cancer scientists are thinking about co-opting endogenous retroviruses to use against cancer. Medicine's Movable Feast: What Jumping Genes Can Teach Us about Treating Disease 2017-07-26T04:00:00Z The pig genome is home to retroviral DNA, and concern that those retroviruses might become reactivated in a human host led many researchers to flee the field in the late 1990s. The unsung heroes of CRISPR 2016-07-19T04:00:00Z The enzyme converts RNA into DNA, a once heretical idea, thereby enabling retroviruses to integrate with human chromosomes. At gathering of HIV/AIDS pioneers, raw memories mix with current conflicts 2016-10-26T04:00:00Z Over time these so-called endogenous retroviruses lose even the ability to replicate, becoming harmless fragments adrift in the human genome. Study Finds Surprising Benefit of Viral DNA: Fighting Other Viruses 2016-03-03T05:00:00Z We make proteins from endogenous retroviruses to carry out functions we depend on. Ancient Viruses Are Buried in Your DNA 2017-10-04T04:00:00Z But emerging data suggest that the retroviruses buried in the human genome might not be quite as dormant as we thought. Medicine's Movable Feast: What Jumping Genes Can Teach Us about Treating Disease 2017-07-26T04:00:00Z Many people feared that retroviruses lurking in animal genomes could harm transplant recipients, but this year a team eliminated, in one fell swoop, 62 copies of a retrovirus’s DNA littering the pig genome. And Science’s Breakthrough of the Year is … 2015-12-17T05:00:00Z In particular, their DNA is full of retroviruses, known specifically as porcine endogenous retroviruses, or PERVS. No pig in a poke 2015-10-15T04:00:00Z Endogenous retroviruses first invaded the cells of our primate ancestors more than 50 million years ago. Study Finds Surprising Benefit of Viral DNA: Fighting Other Viruses 2016-03-03T05:00:00Z Most of our viral DNA comes from one group in particular: retroviruses, a group that includes HIV. Ancient Viruses Are Buried in Your DNA 2017-10-04T04:00:00Z In one example, a 2015 study found elevated levels of one embedded virus, known as human endogenous retrovirus K, in the brains of individuals with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, also known as Lou Gehrig's disease3. Medicine's Movable Feast: What Jumping Genes Can Teach Us about Treating Disease 2017-07-26T04:00:00Z These sequences, some of which produce porcine endogenous retroviruses, or PERVs, present one of many barriers for transplanting whole organs from pigs to humans. Gene editing could make pig organs suitable for human transplant one day 2015-10-14T04:00:00Z Prof Church, from Harvard University, used it to inactivate a retrovirus present in the pig cell line. 'GM could make pig organs for humans' - BBC News 2015-10-12T04:00:00Z “There is a fair amount of rumor virology around endogenous retroviruses causing disease.” Is an ancient virus responsible for some cases of Lou Gehrig’s disease? 2015-09-30T04:00:00Z A retrovirus invades a host cell and inserts its genes into that cell’s DNA. Ancient Viruses Are Buried in Your DNA 2017-10-04T04:00:00Z The culprit turned out to be a retrovirus that was jumping around in the animals' genomes and wreaking havoc. Medicine's Movable Feast: What Jumping Genes Can Teach Us about Treating Disease 2017-07-26T04:00:00Z Her new genetic analysis studied a few hundred fecal samples collected from Gombe chimps, many of which were infected with SIVcpz, a retrovirus that is HIV’s predecessor. Some chimpanzees infected with AIDS virus may harbor protective, humanlike gene 2015-05-28T04:00:00Z In tests on early pig embryos, Prof Church was able to eliminate all 62 copies of porcine endogenous retroviruses from the pig cells using Crispr. 'GM could make pig organs for humans' - BBC News 2015-10-12T04:00:00Z It was another retrovirus, HIV, that led Nath to first suspect a connection between viruses and ALS. Is an ancient virus responsible for some cases of Lou Gehrig’s disease? 2015-09-30T04:00:00Z Once retroviruses become inherited stowaways, scientists refer to them as endogenous retroviruses. Ancient Viruses Are Buried in Your DNA 2017-10-04T04:00:00Z Notably, koalas in the south of the country showed no signs of the retrovirus, which suggests that the virus had only recently begun to integrate into these animals' DNA17. Medicine's Movable Feast: What Jumping Genes Can Teach Us about Treating Disease 2017-07-26T04:00:00Z The proteins were assembled into particles that bore a striking resemblance to retroviruses; some even budded off the surface of the cells, as viruses do. Ancient Viruses, Once Foes, May Now Serve as Friends 2015-04-23T04:00:00Z Next, he checked if the modified pig cells would still easily pass the retrovirus on to human cells. 'GM could make pig organs for humans' - BBC News 2015-10-12T04:00:00Z Reverse transcriptase, an enzyme that converts RNA to DNA, is a hallmark of retroviruses, which use it to insert copies of their genes into chromosomes of their hosts. Is an ancient virus responsible for some cases of Lou Gehrig’s disease? 2015-09-30T04:00:00Z At first, endogenous retroviruses coax cells to make more retroviruses that can infect other cells. Ancient Viruses Are Buried in Your DNA 2017-10-04T04:00:00Z The ability for these endogenous retroviruses to awaken from the genome “is more widespread than has been previously appreciated,” says virologist Renée Douville at the University of Winnipeg in Canada. Medicine's Movable Feast: What Jumping Genes Can Teach Us about Treating Disease 2017-07-26T04:00:00Z “We showed them to virologists, and they said, ‘Yes, this looks like retroviruses to me,’ ” Dr. Wysocka said. Ancient Viruses, Once Foes, May Now Serve as Friends 2015-04-23T04:00:00Z In 2012, researchers were able to study the evolution of a retrovirus by extracting viral DNA from 120-year-old koala skins and comparing it with DNA found in skins from the 1980s4. Museums: The endangered dead 2015-02-17T05:00:00Z No study had ever convincingly found a retrovirus in ALS patients. Is an ancient virus responsible for some cases of Lou Gehrig’s disease? 2015-09-30T04:00:00Z Even after being hobbled, these endogenous retroviruses can still sometimes make their proteins. Ancient Viruses Are Buried in Your DNA 2017-10-04T04:00:00Z In this way endogenous retroviruses may help brain cells more intricately regulate their gene expression, thereby allowing them to become more complex. Ancient Viruses Gain New Functions in the Brain 2015-01-19T05:00:00Z When an ordinary retrovirus, like H.I.V., infects a cell, it inserts its genes into the cell’s DNA. Ancient Viruses, Once Foes, May Now Serve as Friends 2015-04-23T04:00:00Z A retrovirus has a pernicious way of reproducing: it permanently inserts a DNA copy of its genome into the nucleus of a host cell, hijacking the cell’s machinery for its own purposes. Can AIDS Be Cured? | The New Yorker 2014-12-15T05:00:00Z These retroviruses initially infected a human egg or sperm cell and entrenched themselves in chromosomes, allowing them to spread from one generation to the next. Is an ancient virus responsible for some cases of Lou Gehrig’s disease? 2015-09-30T04:00:00Z Just as we have defenses against free-living viruses, we have also developed defenses against endogenous retroviruses. Ancient Viruses Are Buried in Your DNA 2017-10-04T04:00:00Z “There seems to be a different mechanism regulating endogenous retroviruses in brain cells than in other cells,” Jakobsson says. Ancient Viruses Gain New Functions in the Brain 2015-01-19T05:00:00Z It’s possible, in other words, that this endogenous retrovirus protects embryos from other viruses. Ancient Viruses, Once Foes, May Now Serve as Friends 2015-04-23T04:00:00Z When the retrovirus mutates, which it often does, its spawn becomes difficult for the body or a vaccine to target and chase out. Can AIDS Be Cured? | The New Yorker 2014-12-15T05:00:00Z While work was progressing on isolating and understanding restriction factors, other researchers were showing that a variety of monkey and apes harboured viruses belonging to the same family as HIV - the retrovirus family. HIV: Why is virus so 'successful'? 2014-12-01T05:00:00Z In many kinds of tumor cells, for instance, scientists find proteins produced by endogenous retroviruses. Ancient Viruses Are Buried in Your DNA 2017-10-04T04:00:00Z This isn’t enough to conclude that endogenous retroviruses are responsible for these behavioral changes, but taken together with the other findings of this study, they are likely suspects. Ancient Viruses Gain New Functions in the Brain 2015-01-19T05:00:00Z A new study published in the journal Nature on Monday suggests that endogenous retroviruses spring to life in the earliest stages of the development of human embryos. Ancient Viruses, Once Foes, May Now Serve as Friends 2015-04-23T04:00:00Z But I switched to retroviruses just before the discovery of reverse transcriptase, which was essential to the biotechnology revolution. Q&A: Michael Bishop : Nature : Nature Publishing Group 2014-10-14T04:00:00Z The larger the animal, they found, the fewer endogenous retroviruses it acquired. How Big Animals Deter Cancer 2014-09-23T04:00:00Z That discovery has fueled a long-running debate: Do endogenous retroviruses help cause cancer? Ancient Viruses Are Buried in Your DNA 2017-10-04T04:00:00Z HIV famously strikes at the immune system, reducing its ability to fight off infections, including the retrovirus itself. Can HIV Cure MS? 2014-08-08T04:00:00Z Endogenous retroviruses might behave “merely as very successful parasites,” he said. Ancient Viruses, Once Foes, May Now Serve as Friends 2015-04-23T04:00:00Z He became one of the first researchers to dedicate himself to understanding the disease in 1983, the year HIV was identified as a retrovirus. HIV/Aids Experts Killed In MH17 Attack 2014-07-19T04:00:00Z At the time, he was conducting research on a different human retrovirus, but found himself fascinated by the ever-unfolding mysteries of HIV. New studies detail how HIV affects immune system, claim drug exists to block virus 2013-12-19T21:53:36Z These results indicate that cGAS is an innate immune sensor of HIV and other retroviruses. [Report] Cyclic GMP-AMP Synthase Is an Innate Immune Sensor of HIV and Other Retroviruses 2013-08-22T18:26:25.977Z It took me about five minutes to crack the redaction of PLR 201315037 and get in touch with Joy Eubanks, founder of the Marley Fund, which is dedicated to fighting feline retrovirus. Internet Password Protocol Not A Charitable Activity 2013-08-06T22:32:00Z But scientists are finding that some endogenous retroviruses do wake up, and at the strangest time. Ancient Viruses, Once Foes, May Now Serve as Friends 2015-04-23T04:00:00Z It is known to prevent retroviruses such as HIV from replicating. 2 HIV patients apparently virus-free after treatment 2013-07-05T00:39:08Z Because of the retrovirus, many koalas are dying of leukaemia and lymphoma. Koalas battle with STD chlamydia 2013-04-24T23:45:30Z Second, those transposable elements are particularly likely to be endogenous retroviruses, rather than any of the other sorts of element. RNA-only genes: The origin of species? 2012-11-29T17:39:56Z The pig genome contains fewer endogenous retroviruses than many vertebrates, including humans and mice, and most PERVs were characterized as defective. Analyses of pig genomes provide insight into porcine demography and evolution 2012-11-14T18:22:24.580Z Dr. Lipkin recruited in the effort scientists who initially reported the link to mouse retroviruses, and they serve as authors on the mBio paper. Well: Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Back to Square 1 2012-09-18T04:01:30Z In the following years, U.S. researchers helped prove that HIV causes the disease, which led to a critical blood test to detect the novel retrovirus. [Introduction to Special Issue] Introduction: HIV/AIDS in America 2012-07-12T18:25:30.523Z And another threat comes in the form of a koala retrovirus, which - much like HIV in humans - suppresses a koala's immune system. Koalas battle with STD chlamydia 2013-04-24T23:45:30Z And fourth, lincRNAs containing one particular type of endogenous retrovirus are especially active in pluripotent stem cells, the embryonic cells that are the precursors of all other cell types. RNA-only genes: The origin of species? 2012-11-29T17:39:56Z In October 2009, the journal Science published a study, with Dr. Mikovits as senior author, indicating that a disproportionate percentage of patients with the syndrome were infected with a mouse retrovirus, XMRV. Chronic Fatigue Researcher Won’t Face Theft Charges 2012-06-15T00:56:18Z The epidemic has been particularly severe in Queensland, where nearly all koalas are infected with koala retrovirus, said Dr. Gillett. Queensland Koalas Hit by Chlamydia Infections 2012-02-20T21:17:35Z In hopes of treating their condition, some patients even began taking antiretroviral drugs used to treat H.I.V., a retrovirus related to the murine leukemia viruses suddenly suspected of involvement in chronic fatigue syndrome. Fallout From Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Retraction Is Far and Wide 2012-02-06T22:28:39Z Paul Young, a virologist at the University of Queensland in Brisbane says every koala he has tested in the northern part of the species' range has been infected with the retrovirus. Koalas battle with STD chlamydia 2013-04-24T23:45:30Z What seems to be happening is that endogenous retroviruses are jumping around in an arbitrary way within the genome. RNA-only genes: The origin of species? 2012-11-29T17:39:56Z That virus has been on CDC’s radar for a few years because, like HIV, it is a retrovirus. CDC expands ?bush meat? tests for viruses 2012-01-14T22:30:57Z The scientists only tested for a few viral varieties, including anthrax, herpes viruses, simian retroviruses and a handful of others. Green Blog: From the Jungle to J.F.K., Viruses Cross Borders in Monkey Meat 2012-01-13T13:10:11Z The study was established before the two retractions to examine the possible link between chronic fatigue syndrome and mouse retroviruses. Fallout From Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Retraction Is Far and Wide 2012-02-06T22:28:39Z On Monday, a study that linked the syndrome to retroviruses closely related to XMRV, published in August 2010 by The Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, was retracted by its authors. Scholars Retract Another Study Linking XMRV to Chronic Fatigue Syndrome 2011-12-26T21:03:20Z Transposable elements come in several varieties, but one group of particular interest are known as endogenous retroviruses. RNA-only genes: The origin of species? 2012-11-29T17:39:56Z But subsequent research failed to support a link to the mouse retrovirus, called XMRV. Science Journal Retracts Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Paper 2011-12-22T20:55:49Z This procedure prods cells that harbor latent versions of retroviruses to produce them, and the image on the slide showed the resultant proteins in what's known as a Western blot gel. Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Researcher Fired Amidst New Controversy 2011-10-04T23:19:11Z Dr. Coffin, who at first supported the mouse retrovirus theory but later disputed it, noted that the illness “does seem to have characteristics that would suggest infectious origins” and that other retroviruses could be involved. Fallout From Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Retraction Is Far and Wide 2012-02-06T22:28:39Z And after a 2009 study linked chronic fatigue syndrome — a mysterious tiredness believed to afflict a million Americans — to a retrovirus called XMRV, there was hope that H.I.V. drugs might also work against that ailment. The Bay Citizen: Off-Label Use of H.I.V. Medications Is Catalyst for More Controversy 2011-09-23T05:25:10Z Occasionally, though, a retrovirus lands in a place where it can change the regulation of a lincRNA gene in a way beneficial to the organism. RNA-only genes: The origin of species? 2012-11-29T17:39:56Z One pathogen that the study will not test for is a mouse retrovirus known as XMRV. Family Puts $10 Million Into Chronic Fatigue Research 2011-09-19T22:14:05Z We therefore hypothesized that recombination between these two retroviruses resulted in the formation of XMRV. [Report] Recombinant Origin of the Retrovirus XMRV 2011-07-05T19:26:24.207Z Despite the personal and professional setbacks for Dr. Mikovits, many patients, like Ms. Solomon, continue to believe that a retrovirus is causing their illness. Fallout From Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Retraction Is Far and Wide 2012-02-06T22:28:39Z It appears the oncogenes were added to preexistent retrovirus genomes at some time in the not too distant past. Nobel Laureates Speak in Scientific American 2011-06-08T13:15:07.613Z The researchers further showed that mouse retroviruses routinely contaminate many commonly used lab reagents. New Data Spark Retraction Request for Chronic Fatigue Virus Study 2011-05-31T23:14:42Z The drugs work by suppressing HIV, which is classified as a retrovirus. Early drug treatment greatly cuts spread of HIV 2011-05-12T19:30:57Z "Everyone who works with mice has mouse retrovirus contamination in their lab," says Coffin. More Bad News for Chronic Fatigue Syndrome and the Mouse Virus Thesis 2011-05-06T22:41:36Z When scientists reported in 2009 that a little-known mouse retrovirus was present in a large number of people with chronic fatigue syndrome, suggesting a possible cause of the condition, the news made international headlines. Fallout From Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Retraction Is Far and Wide 2012-02-06T22:28:39Z A split configuration of this kind is typical of animal cell genes but not of the genes of retroviruses. Nobel Laureates Speak in Scientific American 2011-06-08T13:15:07.613Z While examining human prostate tumours, he and his collaborators found genetic sequences that resemble retroviruses found in the mouse genome. Virology: Fighting for a cause 2011-03-16T18:20:36.917Z BOSTON—A new finding presented at a conference here last week throws cold water on the impassioned debate about the link between a novel mouse retrovirus and prostate cancer and chronic fatigue syndrome in humans. Fresh Doubts About Connection Between Mouse Virus and Human Disease 2011-03-08T23:36:24Z On Tuesday the F.D.A.’s Blood Products Advisory Committee will discuss two possible new hazards to the blood supply – dengue fever and human retroviruses related to murine leukemia virus. Prescriptions: This Week's Health Industry News 2010-12-13T13:51:00Z The researchers did not find XMRV, the specific retrovirus identified in patients last fall. Study Links Chronic Fatigue to Virus Class 2010-08-23T20:07:00Z "The question is, how do retroviruses build new virus particles?" asked Leslie Parent, M.D., professor of infectious diseases, department of medicine. Retrovirus Replication Process Different Than Thought 2010-07-20T14:32:00Z But the only active retroviruses conclusively linked to human disease are HTLV-1, which causes leukaemia, and HIV. Virology: Fighting for a cause 2011-03-16T18:20:36.917Z Federal officials said publication was delayed because the findings contradicted those of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, which conducted its own study on chronic fatigue and the retrovirus, known as XMRV. Delay in Release of Study on Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Prompts an Outcry 2010-07-14T16:38:00Z Good news is rare for sufferers of chronic fatigue syndrome, so when a team of researchers reported last fall that the mysterious condition was associated with a retrovirus, it made a splash. Hope outrunning science on chronic fatigue syndrome 2010-06-11T21:55:00Z “This class of retroviruses is probably going to be an important piece of the puzzle,” he said. Study Links Chronic Fatigue to Virus Class 2010-08-23T20:07:00Z The start of the replication process is the production by the retrovirus of a protein called Gag. Retrovirus Replication Process Different Than Thought 2010-07-20T14:32:00Z RNA is the genetic material used by retroviruses such as HIV and antisense approaches use a type of mirror image of the genetic sequence to block genetic activity. U.S. company Virxsys says using AIDS to fight AIDS 2010-02-19T00:01:00Z Whether the retrovirus plays a causal role in this or any disease remains unknown. Delay in Release of Study on Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Prompts an Outcry 2010-07-14T16:38:00Z His lab published evidence for a new human retrovirus, but it turned out his lab had been contaminated with a rabbit virus instead. Hope outrunning science on chronic fatigue syndrome 2010-06-11T21:55:00Z Dr. Alter was quick to note that “it’s not at all proven” that a retrovirus causes chronic fatigue syndrome. Study Links Chronic Fatigue to Virus Class 2010-08-23T20:07:00Z The researchers grew a crystal using a version of integrase borrowed from another retrovirus very similar to its HIV counterpart. 2010-02-01T08:26:00Z All fossil viruses discovered until now have been retroviruses, but borna viruses are not. 2010-01-12T05:27:00Z When scientists sequenced the human genome in 2001, they noticed many segments that bore a striking resemblance to genes in retroviruses, a class of viruses that includes H.I.V. 2010-01-12T05:27:00Z Though her published findings address only chronic fatigue syndrome, Mikovits also has publicly linked the retrovirus to autism, atypical multiple sclerosis and other disorders. Hope outrunning science on chronic fatigue syndrome 2010-06-11T21:55:00Z Moreover, it remains unclear why only two research teams found evidence of retroviruses. Study Links Chronic Fatigue to Virus Class 2010-08-23T20:07:00Z The cell then reads the retrovirus’s genes as if they were its own, and manufactures new retroviruses. 2010-01-12T05:27:00Z Unlike retroviruses, borna viruses do not insert themselves into host genomes. 2010-01-12T05:27:00Z Scientists speculated that every now and then a retrovirus inserted itself into a host cell and then failed to turn it into a virus factory. 2010-01-12T05:27:00Z Proving that a retrovirus causes a specific disease is especially difficult, experts note. Hope outrunning science on chronic fatigue syndrome 2010-06-11T21:55:00Z If the trapped retrovirus happened to be in sperm or egg cells, its DNA might be passed down to the host’s descendants. 2010-01-12T05:27:00Z Koala retroviruses, for example, appear to be in the middle of the journey. 2010-01-12T05:27:00Z Syncytin started as a surface protein on retroviruses that fused them to cells. 2010-01-12T05:27:00Z Scientists estimate that 8.3 percent of the human genome can be traced back to retrovirus infections. 2010-01-12T05:27:00Z |
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