| 单词 | rarefaction |
| 例句 | Indeed, the most perverse effect of the extreme rarefaction of good art is that consignors count on it to achieve quick mark-ups and obtain extravagant prices. Old Masters Rush In to Save the Day 2010-12-10T12:42:00Z Here is art that turns confectionery into both rarefaction and panache. On the Frivolities of Ballet, the Contradictory Art 2017-05-19T04:00:00Z Figure 17.4 As the string moves to the left, it creates another compression and rarefaction as the ones on the right move away from the string. College Physics for AP Courses 2015-08-12T00:00:00Z In reaching these heights of fancy, however, the movie achieves, to use one of Glaisher’s own words, “rarefaction.” The Fanciful Flamboyance of “The Aeronauts” 2019-11-29T05:00:00Z To investigate how mean tag sequence prevalence changes with increasing sequencing depth across environments, we calculated the average mean tag sequence prevalence across three replicate rarefactions. A communal catalogue reveals Earth’s multiscale microbial diversity 2017-10-31T04:00:00Z The compressions and rarefactions are rapidly transmitted through the air from the original source as a wave, making sound. Sound Science: Do-Re-Mi with Straws 2014-03-27T17:00:00Z This is how noise-canceling headphones work—they produce a sound wave that resembles the wave responsible for the unwanted sound, but with the original phases of rarefaction and compression flipped. Double-Slit Science: How Light Can Be Both a Particle and a Wave 2013-12-12T15:15:00.372Z Figure 17.5 After many vibrations, there are a series of compressions and rarefactions moving out from the string as a sound wave. College Physics for AP Courses 2015-08-12T00:00:00Z Then, too, in extreme states of rarefaction of the sun’s absorbing layer, the absorption of the oxygen is too small to be sensible to us. Pioneers of Evolution from Thales to Huxley With an Intermediate Chapter on the Causes of Arrest of the Movement 2012-04-26T02:00:14.960Z The results from both of these null models were qualitatively consistent, so we only report findings using the equiprobable rows, fixed columns model, as it is more consistent with rarefaction of the observation tables. A communal catalogue reveals Earth’s multiscale microbial diversity 2017-10-31T04:00:00Z As the rapid compressions and rarefactions occurring in the propagation of a sound wave were perfectly adiabatic, it was necessary to take account of the rise of temperature due to compression in calculating the velocity. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 13, Slice 2 "Hearing" to "Helmond" 2012-04-25T02:00:53.567Z The reason of this is that the districts toward which the air is sucked in are not those which are absolutely hottest, but those where the rarefaction of the air is greatest. The Catholic World; Volume I, Issues 1-6 A Monthly Eclectic Magazine 2012-04-05T02:00:40.207Z Whether the heat transfer from compression to rarefaction is significant depends on how far apart they are—that is, it depends on wavelength. College Physics for AP Courses 2015-08-12T00:00:00Z The position of the striæ was generally such, that the rarefactions corresponded to the places of incandescence or greater brightness on the wire w. The inventions, researches and writings of Nikola Tesla With special reference to his work in polyphase currents and high potential lighting 2012-03-28T02:00:22.660Z The science of measuring the air, including the doctrine of its pressure, elasticity, rarefaction, and condensation; pneumatics. Webster's Unabridged Dictionary 2012-03-24T02:00:23.513Z It was a favourite hypothesis of his that all things depended on two principles—condensation, or the boreal principle, and rarefaction, the southern or austral. Witch, Warlock, and Magician Historical Sketches of Magic and Witchcraft in England and Scotland 2012-02-06T03:00:14.350Z When the air becomes lighter, it is said to be rarefied, and this rarefaction ought apparently to be greatest where the temperature is highest. The Catholic World; Volume I, Issues 1-6 A Monthly Eclectic Magazine 2012-04-05T02:00:40.207Z Figure 17.6 Sound wave compressions and rarefactions travel up the ear canal and force the eardrum to vibrate. College Physics for AP Courses 2015-08-12T00:00:00Z My ears also ached exceedingly in consequence of the rarefaction of the atmosphere. From the Oak to the Olive A Plain record of a Pleasant Journey 2011-11-26T03:00:12.337Z What we call weight is nothing but rarefaction; there is less air than we require to enable us to breathe freely. Autobiographical Reminiscences with Family Letters and Notes on Music 2011-04-12T02:00:25.667Z At about 12,600 feet above the level of the sea, the effects of the rarefaction of the atmosphere begin to be sensibly and painfully felt. Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine, Volume 60, No. 370, August 1846 2011-04-01T02:00:28.747Z In our winter the region where the rarefaction is greatest is the continent of Australia; and accordingly, in its turn, it sucks the north-east trade-wind of the northern hemisphere across the equator. The Catholic World; Volume I, Issues 1-6 A Monthly Eclectic Magazine 2012-04-05T02:00:40.207Z He spoke in honeymoon whispers; but the rarefaction of the air was such that every word was audible. How to be Happy Though Married Being a Handbook to Marriage 2011-03-11T03:00:13.410Z One of these experiments most strikingly illustrated the great reduction of temperature which takes place on the sudden rarefaction of condensed air. Famous Men of Science 2011-03-08T03:00:49.717Z We cannot suppose that in the Caucasus, the Andes, or the Himalayas the air differs much from that of the Alps with regard to its rarefaction effects on travellers. Above the Snow Line 2011-03-03T03:00:49.380Z This cause was afterwards ascertained, deductively, to be the rarefaction of the air, occasioned by the increase of temperature as the day advances. A System of Logic: Ratiocinative and Inductive 7th Edition, Vol. II 2011-03-01T03:00:40.557Z To take the case of the monsoons of Hindostan: we have seen above how the rarefaction of the air in Central Asia attracts the southeast trade-wind of the southern hemisphere across the equator. The Catholic World; Volume I, Issues 1-6 A Monthly Eclectic Magazine 2012-04-05T02:00:40.207Z Both aeronauts nearly perished from the effects of the cold and rarefaction of the atmosphere. The New Gresham Encyclopedia. Vol. 1 Part 3 Atrebates to Bedlis Finite things were formed from the infinite air by compression and rarefaction produced by eternally existent motion; and heat and cold resulted from varying degrees of density of the primal element. The New Gresham Encyclopedia. Vol. 1 Part 2 Amiel to Atrauli In addition to these there were the learned Dr. Stoliczka, who died from the effects of the rarefaction of the atmosphere; an English corporal of a Highland regiment, and six native officers and skilled assistants. The Life of Yakoob Beg Athalik Ghazi, and Badaulet; Ameer of Kashgar First, the rarefaction of the air by fire. Fraternal Charity Now here, certainly, there must be evidence of the truth of the rarefaction theory, if any where on the face of the earth. The Philosophy of the Weather And a Guide to Its Changes Anaximenes names the definite processes of rarefaction and condensation. A Critical History of Greek Philosophy The mechanical difficulty of commanding a sufficient amount of rarefaction led to the abandonment of the system for railway purposes. The New Gresham Encyclopedia. Vol. 1 Part 2 Amiel to Atrauli Both the air and the vapor contained in it, being thus relieved of much atmospheric pressure, expand suddenly, and are cooled by rarefaction. Principles of Geology or, The Modern Changes of the Earth and its Inhabitants Considered as Illustrative of Geology After this will follow, for a like reason, the other phase of the wave, the rarefaction, which will swing the strip of air towards the tube. The Telephone An Account of the Phenomena of Electricity, Magnetism, and Sound, as Involved in Its Action Is there any rarefaction which can draw the trades to the west, and in that particular locality, in opposition to the supposed vortex of Sahara, by creating a partial vacuum? 2d. The Philosophy of the Weather And a Guide to Its Changes This is precisely what is meant by rarefaction and condensation. A Critical History of Greek Philosophy Like Anaximenes, he believed air to be the one source of all being, and all other substances to be derived from it by condensation and rarefaction. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 8, Slice 5 "Dinard" to "Dodsworth" When the violent heat attracts the waters to rise in the form of a tube, the marine salts are left behind, by the action of rarefaction, being too gross and fixed to ascend. The Lusiad or The Discovery of India, an Epic Poem We must therefore remember, that just behind the wave of condensation is the wave of rarefaction, both travelling with the same velocity, and therefore always maintaining the same relative position to each other. The Telephone An Account of the Phenomena of Electricity, Magnetism, and Sound, as Involved in Its Action The hypothesis is without foundation, and Professor’s Coffin’s perplexity and astonishment must remain, until he abandons the theory of rarefaction entirely. The Philosophy of the Weather And a Guide to Its Changes The air by rarefaction becomes fire, and fire borne aloft upon the air becomes the stars. A Critical History of Greek Philosophy I have argued that it is formed by rarefaction, and consequent refrigeration, of the metallic gases constituting the stratum in which the cyclone exists. Essays: Scientific, Political, & Speculative, Vol. I Also, rarefaction by the air-pump does not injure air in the least degree. Experiments and Observations on Different Kinds of Air The degree of rarefaction was determined by a glass tube fixed to the bottom of the smoke-box and descending into a bucket of water, the tube being open at both ends. Little Masterpieces of Science: Invention and Discovery Professor Coffin is a believer in the generally-received theory of rarefaction, as the cause of all winds. The Philosophy of the Weather And a Guide to Its Changes The rarefaction of the air began to be severely felt. A Winter Amid the Ice and Other Thrilling Stories The reasoning was as follows:—The central region of a cyclone must be a region of rarefaction, and, consequently, a region of refrigeration. Essays: Scientific, Political, & Speculative, Vol. I The men suffered greatly from the rarefaction of the air. Great Men and Famous Women. Vol. 6 A series of pen and pencil sketches of the lives of more than 200 of the most prominent personages in History Not even Sir William Crookes's vacua can give an idea of the rarefaction which this fact implies. A Popular History of Astronomy During the Nineteenth Century Fourth Edition These winds are caused by the rarefaction of the air over large districts of country situated on the polar edge, or near the polar edge, of the trade-winds. The Philosophy of the Weather And a Guide to Its Changes This effect, due to the rarefaction of the air, was all the more apparent as the surrounding eminences and plains were inundated with light. A Winter Amid the Ice and Other Thrilling Stories This cause was afterward ascertained, deductively, to be the rarefaction of the air, occasioned by the increase of temperature as the day advances. A System Of Logic, Ratiocinative And Inductive Their abdominal regions were very small, but above them were enormous chests sheltering lungs of tremendous power, for thus nature had armored man against the rarefaction of the earth's atmosphere. Omega, the Man It becomes less paramagnetic, volume for volume, as it is rarefied, and apparently in the simple proportion of its rarefaction, the temperature remaining the same. The World's Greatest Books — Volume 15 — Science The influence of this rarefaction is sufficient to curve the powerful current of the trade-winds in the manner exhibited on Plate VII. The Philosophy of the Weather And a Guide to Its Changes The rarefaction of the air and the sun's rays added to the expansion of the gas, and the balloon continued to mount. A Winter Amid the Ice and Other Thrilling Stories But as they pressed on, climbing ever higher and higher, they began to suffer very severely, first from cold, and next from mountain sickness, due to the steadily increasing rarefaction of the atmosphere. Two Gallant Sons of Devon A Tale of the Days of Queen Bess This feebleness is due to the prompt 'reciprocating flow' of the air between the incipient condensations and rarefactions, whereby the formation of sound-pulses is forestalled. Fragments of science, V. 1-2 All have compression phases, then rarefaction phases, then compression phases, and so on. Long Ago, Far Away Here the worthy professor finds a fact inconsistent with the theory of rarefaction—viz.: that the winds blow off shore, and toward mid-ocean, opposite Sahara, and he is “perplexed and astonished.” The Philosophy of the Weather And a Guide to Its Changes He had reckoned without the steepness of the inclinations which he had to cross, and the rarefaction of the air. A Winter Amid the Ice and Other Thrilling Stories The object was about one point before the weather beam, and was so far away that the rarefaction of the air imparted to it a wavering indistinctness of aspect that rendered it quite unrecognisable. The Castaways The bodily eye, for example, cannot see the condensations and rarefactions of the waves of sound. Fragments of science, V. 1-2 Towards morning, the painful rarefaction of the air diminished. Plotting in Pirate Seas By this time the compression at the foot of resonator R will have traveled up the pipe in the form of a sound wave, and will have been followed by the complementary rarefaction. The Recent Revolution in Organ Building Being an Account of Modern Developments The ship once fairly off the ground, Mildmay increased the rarefaction of the air in the air-chambers to an almost perfect vacuum, and the immense structure soared skyward with great rapidity. The Log of the Flying Fish A Story of Aerial and Submarine Peril and Adventure I now began to experience, at intervals, severe pain in the head, especially about the ears, due to the rarefaction of the air. The Literary World Seventh Reader A sound-wave consists essentially of two parts — a condensation and a rarefaction. Fragments of science, V. 1-2 Anaximenes affirmed that it was air, of which all things were formed by rarefaction and condensation: on such a supposition it could have no permanent personal identity. The Destiny of the Soul A Critical History of the Doctrine of a Future Life By the time they have returned to their original position, the pulse of air compression has traveled up the pipe in the form of a sound wave, and the complementary rarefaction follows. The Recent Revolution in Organ Building Being an Account of Modern Developments Nothing, for example, could be really more profound than the difference between waves of compression and rarefaction transmitted through the luminiferous ether and the translation of their impact into light. Modern Religious Cults and Movements That electricity is nothing more than the effects of the condensation and rarefaction of this medium by force. Outlines of a Mechanical Theory of Storms Containing the True Law of Lunar Influence In its case the air particles, alert as they are, will not, it might be presumed, be able to slip from condensation to rarefaction with a rapidity sufficient to forestall the formation of the wave. Fragments of science, V. 1-2 For, though fire by heating, both liquefies and rarefies, there are not two powers in fire, one of liquefaction, the other of rarefaction: and fire produces all such actions by its own power of calefaction. Summa Theologica, Part II-II (Secunda Secundae) Translated by Fathers of the English Dominican Province He also observed, with special care, certain suggestive cases of rarefaction by heat and condensation by cold; as also the facts of constant decomposition and renewal in the vegetable and animal worlds. Nature Mysticism This rarefaction of the spongy bone is the earliest change seen with the X-rays. Manual of Surgery Volume First: General Surgery. Sixth Edition. In the hurricane there are short and fitful blasts inclined to the general direction of the wind, which must arise from the inertia of the moving mass of atmosphere, causing temporary condensations and rarefactions. Outlines of a Mechanical Theory of Storms Containing the True Law of Lunar Influence Secondly, by mere intensity, without any addition at all; such is the case with things subject to rarefaction, as is stated in Phys. iv, text. Summa Theologica, Part I-II (Pars Prima Secundae) From the Complete American Edition Which multiplication cannot be natural: since the matter cannot naturally extend beyond a certain fixed quantity; nor again does anything increase naturally, save either by rarefaction or the change of something else into it. Summa Theologica, Part I (Prima Pars) From the Complete American Edition The reason is this: The condensations sent forth from each of the two strings occur exactly together; the rarefactions, which, of course, alternate with the condensations, are also simultaneous. Piano Tuning A Simple and Accurate Method for Amateurs When there is marked rarefaction of the bone at the ossifying junction, the epiphysis is liable to be separated—epiphysiolysis. Manual of Surgery Volume First: General Surgery. Sixth Edition. The alpine bees are very light in body, like our hive bee, and I do not think rarefaction of the atmosphere can operate to hinder its ascent to the heights, as Grant Allen suggests. The Birth-Time of the World and Other Scientific Essays The pulse of condensation and rarefaction which travels the length of the wire is called a wave, although it bears little or no resemblance to the familiar water wave. General Science And those among them who admitted movement, did not consider it except as regards certain accidents, for instance, in relation to rarefaction and condensation, by union and separation. Summa Theologica, Part I (Prima Pars) From the Complete American Edition Brunt was clearly aware of the work of many scientists, notably Boyle, upon the nature and rarefaction of the air. A Voyage to Cacklogallinia With a Description of the Religion, Policy, Customs and Manners of That Country They can not be kept very long in the piercing air of the mountains, its rarefaction being as injurious to them as to human beings. The Continental Monthly, Vol. 1, No. 6, June, 1862 Devoted To Literature and National Policy The nature of this succession of alternate compressions and rarefactions in the crust possess some resemblance to those arising in an earthquake shock. The Birth-Time of the World and Other Scientific Essays Sound waves may be said to consist of a series of condensations and rarefactions, and the distance between two consecutive condensations and rarefactions may be defined as the wave length. General Science Wherefore, as no rarefaction is apparent in such multiplication of matter, we must admit an addition of matter: either by creation, or which is more probable, by conversion. Summa Theologica, Part I (Prima Pars) From the Complete American Edition What I do know is that Amy has told me why the wind stops blowing when the sun goes down, but I'll be hanged if I understand much about the rarefaction of the air. The Cromptons The rarefaction of the air and the rays of tile sun increased the dilatation of the gas; the balloon continued to ascend! A Voyage in a Balloon (1852) What must the distance be in steam? what the greater distance in the more extreme rarefactions? Among the Forces What occurs is that the vibrations of the sound-producer cause alternate condensations and rarefactions of the air. Cyclopedia of Telephony & Telegraphy Vol. 1 A General Reference Work on Telephony, etc. etc. It must be remembered that these effects take place without any variation of the inductive force by condensation or rarefaction of the air. Experimental Researches in Electricity, Volume 1 One was alone in one's intense contempt for all these faces, all these contented faces; one towered intellectually above them; one towered into regions of rarefaction. The Inheritors There was thus a feeling of rarefaction in the atmosphere, as though at this height it was only the Alpine flora of humanity that could find root and breathing. Prose Fancies (Second Series) These condensations and rarefactions constitute what we call waves of sound. Six Lectures on Light Delivered In The United States In 1872-1873 In air, sound vibrations consist of successive condensations and rarefactions tending to proceed outwardly from the source in all directions. Cyclopedia of Telephony & Telegraphy Vol. 1 A General Reference Work on Telephony, etc. etc. As the rarefaction approaches about 0.5 millimeter the surface of the negative pole, A, becomes faintly phosphorescent. Scientific American Supplement, No. 795, March 28, 1891 The air over them, subjected by the heat to constant rarefaction, must rise, must overflow above, and must force the colder air from the surrounding regions in below. Lippincott's Magazine of Popular Literature and Science Volume 17, No. 097, January, 1876 Will it be a comet, the rarefaction of water, or the extinction of the sun, that will destroy mankind? Light But you can also imagine a state of things where the condensations of the one system fall upon the rarefactions of the other system. Six Lectures on Light Delivered In The United States In 1872-1873 Other things being equal, the louder sound is produced by the source radiating the greater energy and so producing the greater degree of condensation and rarefaction of the medium. Cyclopedia of Telephony & Telegraphy Vol. 1 A General Reference Work on Telephony, etc. etc. When a common pendulum oscillates, it tends to form a condensation in front and a rarefaction behind. Scientific American Supplement, No. 595, May 28, 1887 The weight of the atmosphere is not only affected by rarefaction, but by currents of air, which give it a sudden density or rarity. The Atlantic Monthly, Volume 06, No. 33, July, 1860 He maintains, in opposition to Sir Humphry Davy, that the Davy lamp acts by its heat and rarefaction, and not from Sir H. Davy's theory, that flame is cooled by a wire-gauze covering. The Mirror of Literature, Amusement, and Instruction Volume 12, No. 329, August 30, 1828 The ends of the strip suffer neither condensation nor rarefaction. Six Lectures on Light Delivered In The United States In 1872-1873 A sound wave is one complete condensation and rarefaction of the transmitting medium. Cyclopedia of Telephony & Telegraphy Vol. 1 A General Reference Work on Telephony, etc. etc. A vibrating body, before it can act as a sounding body, must produce alternate compressions and rarefactions in the air, and these must be well marked. Scientific American Supplement, No. 595, May 28, 1887 By the disease the bone has already been made brittle, its substance and ligamentous attachments perchance weakened and broken up by a slow-spreading caries, and rarefaction of the remaining bone substance rendered almost certain. Diseases of the Horse's Foot We threw over part of our ballast, and mounted up till the cold and the rarefaction of the air became very troublesome. Wonderful Balloon Ascents Robert then landed, and Charles ascended again alone, reaching such a height as to feel the effects of the rarefaction of the air, this very largely due to the rapidity of his ascent. A History of Aeronautics On the other hand, it was very cold, and I was conscious of that peculiar nausea which goes with rarefaction of the air. Tales of Terror and Mystery According to the wave theory, a condensation and rarefaction are necessary to constitute a sound wave. Scientific American Supplement, No. 595, May 28, 1887 This last symptom of the effects of high rarefaction, is, to an Englishman, at least it was to us, always a great relief. Forest and Frontiers Or, Adventures Among the Indians Chrysippus, following Heraclitus, taught that the elements passed into one another by a process of condensation and rarefaction. Guide to Stoicism The source of mechanical power is the sun which exhales vapors that descend in rain, to turn mills, or which causes winds to blow by the unequal rarefaction of the atmosphere. A Catechism of the Steam Engine He tells how the old cat had difficulty in breathing at a vast altitude, while the kittens, born on the upward journey, and never used to a dense atmosphere, suffered little inconvenience from the rarefaction. History of American Literature V. That the truth regarding the nature of body is obscured by the opinions respecting rarefaction and a vacuum with which we are pre- occupied. The Selections from the Principles of Philosophy Thus, air can be formed, in the quality of gases, can be rendered pure or foul; is dependent on evaporation, being no more than ordinary matter in a state of high rarefaction. The Monikins Now what is more contrary to kindling than refrigeration, or to rarefaction than condensation? Complete Works of Plutarch — Volume 3: Essays and Miscellanies Heat, the natural philosophers tell us, produces rarefaction of the air; and rarefaction of the air produces cold. Critical and Historical Essays — Volume 1 It must exist, I argued; although it may exist in a state of infinite rarefaction. The Works of Edgar Allan Poe — Volume 1 That rarefaction cannot be intelligibly explained unless in the way here proposed. The Selections from the Principles of Philosophy The rarefaction of the atmosphere produced that painful oppression known by the name of PUNA. In Search of the Castaways; or the Children of Captain Grant It has been shown by Professors Tait and Dewar that a vacuum may be produced artificially of such a degree of rarefaction that the mean free path of the remaining molecules is measurable in inches. A History of Science — Volume 3 Hence it is not surprising to find Anaxagoras credited with explaining the winds as due to the rarefactions of the atmosphere produced by the sun. A History of Science — Volume 1 "By filling the vestibule as full as possible," said Bearwarden, "and so displacing most of its air, we shall be able to open the outside door oftener without danger of rarefaction." A journey in other worlds A romance of the future That this confirms what was said of rarefaction. The Selections from the Principles of Philosophy Of the two rarefaction is the most effectual, and produces a greater effect than compression. Aeroplanes He tries the rarefaction of air, but finds the effect insensible. Faraday as a Discoverer |
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