| 单词 | pyrometer |
| 例句 | As is typical, the installation firm we selected used a sophisticated device called a pyrometer to measure the solar radiance received on our roof. Benefits of solar panels clear after two years In a muffle, in heated sand, with hot pieces of flat iron, and in boxes heated to the requisite temperature in an oven, the temperature being indicated by a pyrometer or heat-gauge. Modern Machine-Shop Practice, Volumes I and II 2012-03-23T02:00:33.140Z When the "new" stove was on, and the "old" one lit for reheating, I went to the pyrometer shanty. Steel The Diary of a Furnace Worker 2012-02-21T03:00:18.360Z In the F�ry radiation pyrometer this difficulty is obviated, as the instrument may be placed at a considerable distance from the furnace. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 12, Slice 1 "Gichtel, Johann" to "Glory" 2012-01-11T03:00:20.463Z With the pyrometer at three hundred and fifty, it is hardly prudent to pass to thirty. The King of Schnorrers Grotesques and Fantasies 2011-12-28T03:00:34.587Z Instruments contrived to ascertain the expansion of substances by heat, are called pyrometers, and are of various constructions. Heads of Lectures on a Course of Experimental Philosophy: Particularly Including Chemistry 2011-10-11T02:01:05.817Z Many attempts have been made to determine flame temperatures by means of thermo-electric couples and by radiation pyrometers. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 10, Slice 4 "Finland" to "Fleury, Andre" 2011-03-20T02:00:30.697Z An oven should be fitted with some kind of thermal register, and both high-temperature thermometers and pyrometers are used for this purpose. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 4, Slice 4 "Bradford, William" to "Brequigny, Louis" The temperature of melted iron was estimated at 21,000° F., by Wedgwood; but his pyrometer gives, as is now demonstrated, very erroneous results. Principles of Geology or, The Modern Changes of the Earth and its Inhabitants Considered as Illustrative of Geology The long tube that held the pyrometer was formed of the same metal. Two Thousand Miles Below For this reason the use of a pyrometer, when possible, saves mistakes and trouble. Choice Cookery "The pyrometer's on the red, and the oven's hot," and the man left his bench. Spacehounds of IPC The temperatures of slag or metal in furnaces or running through tap-holes or troughs are often measured with optical pyrometers. The Working of Steel Annealing, Heat Treating and Hardening of Carbon and Alloy Steel The Measuring of Temperatures.—At present the only possible known method of measuring the temperature of the furnace gases is by optical and radiation pyrometers. Transactions of the American Society of Civil Engineers, vol. LXX, Dec. 1910 Federal Investigations of Mine Accidents, Structural Materials and Fuels. Paper No. 1171 In the middle of Riley's call of "Fifty-two-eight," a jangling bell told that the bottom of the pyrometer carrier had touched. Two Thousand Miles Below He was never tired regulating the tubes, trying the taps, and testing the heat of the gas by the pyrometer. All Around the Moon The leading principle on which the construction of this pyrometer has been based is the well-known law of the expansion of gases. Scientific American Supplement, No. 530, February 27, 1886 Another type of optical pyrometer is focused on the body, the temperature of which is to be measured. The Working of Steel Annealing, Heat Treating and Hardening of Carbon and Alloy Steel The pyrometers used at present are the Wanner optical pyrometer and the Fery radiation pyrometer. Transactions of the American Society of Civil Engineers, vol. LXX, Dec. 1910 Federal Investigations of Mine Accidents, Structural Materials and Fuels. Paper No. 1171 He was watching for the first sight of the metal carrier, far more interested in what might be clinging to it than in the record of the pyrometer it held. Two Thousand Miles Below We have this arranged so that all the furnaces are filled in the morning, when they are cold, and there are pyrometers to tell when the right heat is reached. The Boy With the U.S. Census The method of graduating the indicator scales of the Frew pyrometer is worthy of special notice. Scientific American Supplement, No. 530, February 27, 1886 A very accurate type of pyrometer, but one not so commonly used as those previously described, is the resistance pyrometer. The Working of Steel Annealing, Heat Treating and Hardening of Carbon and Alloy Steel The heat laboratory is equipped for the calibration of the thermometers and pyrometers, and electrical and other physical apparatus used by the various sections of the Technologic Branch. Transactions of the American Society of Civil Engineers, vol. LXX, Dec. 1910 Federal Investigations of Mine Accidents, Structural Materials and Fuels. Paper No. 1171 Each morning Michel inspected the escape regulators, tried the taps, and fixed by the pyrometer the heat of the gas. The Moon-Voyage He slipped one of the switches into place, and the pyrometer needle swung around and pointed to the degree of heat in the oven which it was supposed to register. The Boy With the U.S. Census While this pyrometer is particularly valuable for indicating the temperature of hot blast stoves of every description, there are doubtless many uses that will suggest themselves to persons engaged in various industrial arts and manufactures. Scientific American Supplement, No. 530, February 27, 1886 Correction by Zero Adjustment.—Many pyrometers are supplied with a zero adjuster, by means of which the pointer can be set to any actual cold-junction temperature. The Working of Steel Annealing, Heat Treating and Hardening of Carbon and Alloy Steel This method, however, is not very reliable, and was superseded by his well-known electric pyrometer. Scientific American Supplement, No. 458, October 11, 1884 The electric pyrometer, which is perhaps the most elegant and original of all William Siemens's inventions, is also the link which connects his electrical with his metallurgical researches. Heroes of the Telegraph By means of an ingenious modification of the electrical pyrometer, named the bolometer, valuable researches in measuring solar radiations had been made by Professor Langley. Scientific American Supplement, No. 384, May 12, 1883 This is required for conveying the cold air to the pyrometer proper, for the piece of apparatus above described is simply an arrangement for securing a flow or current of air at constant pressure. Scientific American Supplement, No. 530, February 27, 1886 Automatic temperature control instruments are similar to the Brown indicating high resistance pyrometer with the exception that the pointer is depressed at intervals of every 10 sec. upon contact-making devices. The Working of Steel Annealing, Heat Treating and Hardening of Carbon and Alloy Steel This pyrometer is probably the most widely used at the present time. Scientific American Supplement, No. 458, October 11, 1884 The pyrometer with its contained water was then just equal in heating capacity, while the temperature was not above 38° F. to two pounds of cold water. Scientific American Supplement, No. 358, November 11, 1882 The thermometers and pyrometers usually employed are almost all based on the expansion of some fluid or other, or upon that of different metals. Scientific American Supplement, No. 288, July 9, 1881 He does not see the pyrometer—the instrument which registers the temperature. My Life and Work Usually the pyrometer is portable, as shown in this case, which is a Brown. The Working of Steel Annealing, Heat Treating and Hardening of Carbon and Alloy Steel Tremeschini's pyrometer is based on a different principle, viz., on the expansion of a thin plate of platinum, which is heated by a mass of metal previously raised to the temperature of the medium. Scientific American Supplement, No. 458, October 11, 1884 Is it that the cool snow is grateful after the fervours of their torrid zone, where even the pyrometer would fail to record the temperature? Without Prejudice Mounting by means of a clasp in reservoirs.—The pyrometer mounted on a bone-black furnace.—Mounted on a brick furnace Delicate Scientific Instruments. Scientific American Supplement, No. 288, July 9, 1881 The potentiometer pyrometer system is both flexible and substantial in that it is not affected by the jar and vibration of the factory or the forge shop. The Working of Steel Annealing, Heat Treating and Hardening of Carbon and Alloy Steel It must be remembered, however, that the pyrometer gives the temperature of only one spot, and is therefore only an aid to the operator, who must use his eyes for successful results. The Working of Steel Annealing, Heat Treating and Hardening of Carbon and Alloy Steel The foregoing particulars, it will be found, furnish all necessary data for determining with absolute precision the diffusion of rays acting on the central vessel of the solar pyrometer. Scientific American Supplement, No. 458, October 11, 1884 Optical System and Electrical Circuit of the Leeds & Northrup Optical Pyrometer.—For extremely high temperature, the optical pyrometer is largely used. The Working of Steel Annealing, Heat Treating and Hardening of Carbon and Alloy Steel There are two methods of ascertaining the temperature of the red-hot bone black by means of the pyrometer: First, by inserting the tube of the instrument into the black. Scientific American Supplement, No. 288, July 9, 1881 One of these pyrometers is shown in section in Fig. The Working of Steel Annealing, Heat Treating and Hardening of Carbon and Alloy Steel It will be noted that the time was noted when the needle on the pyrometer passed each dial marking. The Working of Steel Annealing, Heat Treating and Hardening of Carbon and Alloy Steel The Ducomet pyrometer is on a very different principle, and only applicable to rough determinations. Scientific American Supplement, No. 458, October 11, 1884 When pyrometers are used in daily operation, they should be checked or calibrated two or three times a month, or even every week. The Working of Steel Annealing, Heat Treating and Hardening of Carbon and Alloy Steel The position that the pyrometer should occupy is subordinate to the construction of the furnace. Scientific American Supplement, No. 288, July 9, 1881 Various methods of applying a pyrometer to common heat-treatment furnaces are shown in Figs. The Working of Steel Annealing, Heat Treating and Hardening of Carbon and Alloy Steel The amount of this fall is dependent upon a number of variables, but it averages nearly 500°F. as shown in the pyrometer chart, Fig. The Working of Steel Annealing, Heat Treating and Hardening of Carbon and Alloy Steel Another class of pyrometers having great promise in the future is based on what may be called the "water-current" principle. Scientific American Supplement, No. 458, October 11, 1884 The furnace should be connected with pyrometers and tempering tank with a thermometer. The Working of Steel Annealing, Heat Treating and Hardening of Carbon and Alloy Steel In these furnaces the tube of the pyrometer is inserted through one of the apertures at the top, as shown in Fig. Scientific American Supplement, No. 288, July 9, 1881 In most pyrometers, of course, the temperatures are inscribed directly on the voltmeter, but the fact remains that it is the voltage of a small electric current, and not heat, that is actually measured. The Working of Steel Annealing, Heat Treating and Hardening of Carbon and Alloy Steel Where there are many in use, it is good practice to have a master pyrometer of a rare metal couple, which is used only for checking up the others. The Working of Steel Annealing, Heat Treating and Hardening of Carbon and Alloy Steel A somewhat similar instrument is the Gauntlett pyrometer, which is largely used in the north of England. Scientific American Supplement, No. 458, October 11, 1884 If this temperature should rise 20°F. on a hot day, a correction of 20°F. should be added to the pyrometer reading, and so on. The Working of Steel Annealing, Heat Treating and Hardening of Carbon and Alloy Steel The best precision is obtained when an optical pyrometer is used each time under similar conditions of light and the same observer. The Working of Steel Annealing, Heat Treating and Hardening of Carbon and Alloy Steel A pyrometer is merely an aid in the performance of doing good work, and when carefully observed will help in giving a uniformity of product and act as a check on careless operators. The Working of Steel Annealing, Heat Treating and Hardening of Carbon and Alloy Steel The master pyrometer, after calibrating against the melting points of various substances, will have a calibration chart which should be used in the checking operation. The Working of Steel Annealing, Heat Treating and Hardening of Carbon and Alloy Steel Here the pyrometer itself consists of a set of tubes one inside the other, and all inclosed for safety in a large tube of fireclay. Scientific American Supplement, No. 458, October 11, 1884 In large heat-treating plants it has been customary to maintain an operator at a central pyrometer, and by colored electric lights at the furnaces, signal whether the temperatures are correct or not. The Working of Steel Annealing, Heat Treating and Hardening of Carbon and Alloy Steel As, however, the specific heat of metals increases with the temperature, allowance is made on the brass sliding scales, which are divided according to the metal used for the pyrometer cylinder d. The Working of Steel Annealing, Heat Treating and Hardening of Carbon and Alloy Steel Test the melting point with a pyrometer of known accuracy. The Working of Steel Annealing, Heat Treating and Hardening of Carbon and Alloy Steel Therefore, a clock is as necessary to the proper pyrometer equipment as the pyrometer itself. The Working of Steel Annealing, Heat Treating and Hardening of Carbon and Alloy Steel Accordingly, the heaters of the solar pyrometer did not reach maximum temperature, the highest indication by the thermometer of the small heater being 336.5°, that of the large one being 200.5° above the surrounding air. Scientific American Supplement, No. 458, October 11, 1884 This takes longer than the color method, but with low temperatures the results are more satisfactory, because the temperature of the bath can be controlled with a pyrometer. The Working of Steel Annealing, Heat Treating and Hardening of Carbon and Alloy Steel As soon as any variation from this is posted on the board outside the pyrometer room, the attendant sees it and adjusts the burners to compensate. The Working of Steel Annealing, Heat Treating and Hardening of Carbon and Alloy Steel There should be no guess work about the heating, a good pyrometer being the only safe way of knowing the correct temperature. The Working of Steel Annealing, Heat Treating and Hardening of Carbon and Alloy Steel Knowing this temperature it will be easy to calibrate other pyrometers. The Working of Steel Annealing, Heat Treating and Hardening of Carbon and Alloy Steel Hence the necessity for a reliable pyrometer, located so as to give the temperature just below the tops of the pots. The Working of Steel Annealing, Heat Treating and Hardening of Carbon and Alloy Steel The boards shown to the right and the left swing into the room, which enables the attendant easily to change the numbers to conform to the pyrometer readings. The Working of Steel Annealing, Heat Treating and Hardening of Carbon and Alloy Steel Opposite each furnace number is a series of hooks whereon are hung metal numbers representing the pyrometer readings of the temperature in that particular furnace. The Working of Steel Annealing, Heat Treating and Hardening of Carbon and Alloy Steel |
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