| 单词 | post hoc |
| 例句 | You might never guess this, however, from the neat post hoc analyses that follow each market’s close. Innumeracy: Mathematical Illiteracy and Its Consequences 1988-01-01T00:00:00Z It was indeed in the Spanish interest to exaggerate the extent of human sacrifice, because ending what Cortes called this “most horrid and abominable custom” became a post hoc rationale for conquest. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z Asserting that De Soto’s visit caused the subsequent collapse of the Caddo and Coosa may be only the old logical fallacy of post hoc ergo propter hoc. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z As has been pointed out on social media — with all the post hoc bumptiousness of reply guys — International Olympic Committee rules dictate that mascots are not supposed to speak at all. The rise and fall of Bing Dwen Dwen, Beijing's insidious Olympics mascot 2022-02-20T05:00:00Z I am aware of the post hoc ergo propter hoc fallacy that just because something happens after something else does not mean that is why it happened. Why are we here? Evolution’s dirty secrets 2013-06-02T11:00:00Z They often use drive as a post hoc explanation. I deserve it because I want it the most. Come on, Sugar! 2010-12-21T19:00:00Z The “classical logical error of post hoc ergo propter hoc” McElwee ascribes to New Atheists simply does not exist. The real New Atheism: Rejecting religion for a just world 2013-12-14T19:00:00Z Much of the utopian rhetoric, she says, is merely post hoc rationalization. "Hurt Locker's" illegal downloading wars 2010-06-03T21:20:00Z They never consider, for a moment, the phrase "post hoc ergo propter hoc." Is Joe Biden in big trouble? It looks that way — and he's got nobody else to blame 2023-09-14T04:00:00Z Another security factor could come from improving post hoc detectors that look for inadvertent artifacts of AI generation. Tech Companies’ New Favorite Solution for the AI Content Crisis Isn’t Enough 2023-08-08T04:00:00Z After repeated poisonings, the chemical systems could “learn” to nail down the timing of manufacturing an “antidote”—wielding it both preemptively and post hoc—to survive the chemical threat. Life Evolves. Can Attempts to Create ‘Artificial Life’ Evolve, Too? 2023-04-06T04:00:00Z “The committee has a right to refuse the transaction being considered, but it rarely conducts oversight post hoc,” the report said. China land-buying push targets U.S. agriculture, farm acreage 2023-04-02T04:00:00Z But rather than abandon this dumb-as-nails talking point, right-wing media has been working overtime trying to backfill the "woke banks" gambit with post hoc rationalizations. However racist you thought the "woke banks" talking point was, it's worse 2023-03-17T04:00:00Z "I don't think these post hoc claims about Oswald's psychology are as important as the records about CIA operations around Oswald while JFK was still alive. That is what the CIA is still withholding." JFK expert calls out CIA for continuing to withhold documents 2022-12-18T05:00:00Z Beware of any rumor that seems to embrace such post hoc reasoning about a detail you never thought about before. Voters beware: Old fraud narratives may resurface in midterm elections 2022-09-30T04:00:00Z I remember living through those times, and Web2 was a little bit of a post hoc recognition of the fact that, “Oh, Ajax was used,” and like, “Flickr.” How Robinhood’s Aparna Chennapragada is building the future of investing 2022-03-22T04:00:00Z Biogen concluded the key to effectiveness was giving patients a high-enough dose, but critics howled, with one calling the analysis “a post hoc dumpster dive operation.” Alzheimer’s drug sparks emotional battle as FDA nears deadline on whether to approve 2021-05-31T04:00:00Z Rather than abandon this dumb-as-nails talking point, right-wing media has been working overtime trying to backfill the "woke banks" gambit with post hoc rationalizations. However racist you thought the "woke banks" talking point was, it's worse 2023-03-17T04:00:00Z "But her reasoning bears little relationship to that of her predecessor and consists primarily of impermissible 'post hoc rationalization.'" Did the Supreme Court grant Trump new powers to reshape health care by upholding DACA? 2020-07-26T04:00:00Z Ms. Nielsen’s additional justifications, the chief justice wrote, were “impermissible post hoc rationalizations and thus are not properly before us.” Trump Can’t Immediately End DACA, Supreme Court Rules 2020-06-18T04:00:00Z That trial’s reporting had been criticized in part because some arms of the study were unblinded and because it described outcomes that it didn’t originally set out to analyze—called post hoc analysis. Reanalyzing drug trials in depression, chronic pain aims to unearth new data 2019-10-23T04:00:00Z But preregistration imposes no such limit: it merely requires that exploratory analyses are labelled transparently as post hoc and do not dominate conclusions. What’s next for Registered Reports? 2019-09-09T04:00:00Z "In principle, it could have opened those to post hoc challenges," Polly said. Are dinosaur fossils ‘minerals’? The Montana Supreme Court will decide high stakes case 2019-07-10T04:00:00Z However, post hoc and subjective statistical inference is susceptible to conflicts of interest. Retiring statistical significance would give bias a free pass 2019-03-21T04:00:00Z “What we think this is is a post hoc justification for their refusal all along to be enforcing civil rights laws for transgender people,” she said. Two Weeks Before Midterms, Transgender People Feel Like ‘Pawns’ 2018-10-23T04:00:00Z “A conclusory assertion that a prior policy is illegal, accompanied by a hodgepodge of illogical or post hoc policy assertions, simply will not do.” Judge rules Trump administration still not justified ending DACA 2018-08-03T04:00:00Z But these, deCervo likes to point out, are post hoc variables. How Do Athletes’ Brains Control Their Movements? 2018-04-13T04:00:00Z However, such reports are also affected by delays, with many doctors filing claims weeks after seeing a patient, which makes the process better suited to post hoc epidemic analysis than to real-time surveillance. Infection forecasts powered by big data 2018-03-06T05:00:00Z The resignations caused the collapse of the two panels — though Trump claimed post hoc he’d dismissed them himself — and business watchers have since hailed the executive exodus as an inflection for capitalism itself. Analysis | The Finance 202: Business leaders not sacrificing much by dumping Trump 2017-08-22T04:00:00Z The travel ban “appears to be a post hoc, secondary justification for an executive action rooted in religious animus and intended to bar Muslims from this country,” he wrote. Q&A: A look at latest legal loss for Trump travel ban 2017-05-25T04:00:00Z “The racial predominance inquiry concerns the actual considerations that provided the essential basis for the lines drawn,” he wrote, “not post hoc justifications the legislature in theory could have used but in reality did not.” Supreme Court Returns Virginia Voting District Case to Lower Court 2017-03-01T05:00:00Z Some also say it is the council's job anyway, though Dr Harvey suggests this "excuse" can be an example of "post hoc attribution". Rubbish job: Why don't we just pick up litter? - BBC News 2016-07-17T04:00:00Z We use a series of post hoc maneuvers to reframe anything inconvenient to our original position. Roland Fryer Answers Reader Questions About His Police Force Study 2016-07-12T04:00:00Z We use a series of post hoc manoeuvres to reframe anything inconvenient to our original position. Chilcot: Why we cover our ears to the facts - BBC News 2016-07-09T04:00:00Z Porter engages in the reasoning error of 'post hoc, ergo propter hoc,' which assumes something that is not factually true, and then wins the argument. Liberal Biases, Too, May Block Progress on Climate Change 2016-04-19T04:00:00Z In many ways, this proactive culture of responsibility is an advance on the post hoc scrambling that often occurs within the scientific establishment. Governance: Learn from DIY biologists 2016-03-08T05:00:00Z Including Chromecast and Android TV may just be a feint, a fig leaf, a post hoc justification. What's behind Amazon’s baffling decision to ban Apple TV and Chromecast? 2015-10-02T04:00:00Z McManus argues that Sanders will push Mrs. Clinton to the left, though that sounds to us like post hoc ergo propter hoc reasoning. Could Sanders Win? 2015-07-15T04:00:00Z “The panel deferred to UT’s post hoc speculation that racial preferences served a ‘qualitative’ diversity interest that was never studied, evaluated, or articulated when UT added racial preferences to its admissions program,” the lawyers argued. Supreme Court to consider University of Texas race-conscious admissions 2015-06-29T04:00:00Z “The justification must be genuine, not hypothesized or invented post hoc in response to litigation,” Ginsburg wrote of any law that classified by gender. How Ruth Bader Ginsburg helped pave the way for marriage equality 2015-04-28T04:00:00Z In this light, “Hardline’s” arrest system is an event in search of its post hoc truth. Battlefield Hardline, a game where the police do more arresting than serving 2015-03-24T04:00:00Z This blog post became the post hoc justification for anyone who wanted to attack another person under the opaque banner of Gamergate. Zoe Quinn And Alex Lifschitz Announce Network To Support Online Abuse Victims 2015-01-26T05:00:00Z “What we observe,” he argues, “are mainly post hoc rationalizations.” Why Did I Vote That Way? Don’t Ask Me 2014-11-04T05:00:00Z In fact, Smith notes, from 2001 through 2012 the stock of six of Collins's 11 “great” companies did worse than the overall stock market, meaning that this system of post hoc analysis is fundamentally flawed. How the Survivor Bias Distorts Reality 2014-09-04T04:00:00Z But Shiva’s statistics are cherry-picked, largely irrelevant and often wrong, and her argument relies on a fallacy of logic known as post hoc, ergo propter hoc–after the fact, therefore because of the fact. Wealthy Activist Vandana Shiva Is A Poor Advocate For The Poor 2014-07-16T04:00:00Z In brief, the public is naturally prone to commit the post hoc ergo propter hoc fallacy. Actos II: Still a Tort Travesty 2014-06-23T04:00:00Z So, disruption – which seems an obvious, observable historical fact – would seem not to lend itself to planning, nor to profitable harvesting, except post hoc. Disruptive Innovation Is Nonsense 2014-06-19T04:00:00Z They warned however that this is “a post hoc analysis and therefore is open to debate.” Troubled NHLBI TOPCAT Trial Disappoints 2014-04-09T21:08:00Z But timing in life isn’t everything, and there is always the danger of falling for the logical fallacy of “post hoc, ergo propter hoc,” which means “after this, therefore because of this.” DealBook: S.E.C.’s Losing Streak in Court Puts Agency in Spotlight 2014-02-10T18:33:32Z Neuroscientists must work out post hoc what kind of transformations take place at which points. Brain decoding: Reading minds 2013-10-23T17:20:32.623Z “Many times apparent causal reasoning is simply post hoc justification.” A "Blame Bias" Distorts Our Judgment 2013-10-19T04:15:46.363Z And post hoc is sometimes a bit late for forecasting, and a bit wobbly as a business model. Disruptive Innovation Is Nonsense 2014-06-19T04:00:00Z The jury heard that pre-specified endpoints are the main criteria used to judge the success of a clinical trial, and that post hoc analyses are less trusted. Uncertainty on trial 2013-10-02T17:20:30.187Z A benign lesion under the pathologist's microscope will never progress to cancer, so the lesion's history and fate can only be linked by association with cancer detected simultaneously or post hoc in the same patient. Selection and adaptation during metastatic cancer progression 2013-09-18T17:22:42.817Z The committee drew heavily on clinical data, but also took extrapolations from basic research and post hoc analyses of clinical trials. Doubts Emerge on the Value of Low Cholesterol Levels 2013-02-27T00:45:00.420Z My view is that the last one, repairing damage post hoc, is the most practical. The First Person to Live to 150 Has Already Been Born--Revisited! 2013-02-03T16:19:23Z Neurologists call these erroneous, post hoc explanations “confabulations,” but Wegner prefers the catchier “intention inventions.” Need a New Year's Resolution? Choose to Believe in Free Will! 2012-12-28T20:45:00.237Z He can't know that and his is guilty of the post hoc fallacy. Monetary policy: Will next time be different? A report from the 30th Cato monetary conference 2012-11-16T23:06:54Z Thus the post hoc answer is always that the central bank was merely insufficiently easy in its policy stance, regardless of how aggressive the policy was deemed at its inception. Business cycles: Just what is a recession? 2012-12-03T17:04:43Z We’re held back by those biases that plague almost all attempts to quantify the qualitative, selection on the dependent variable and post hoc hypotheses and explanations. Humanities aren't a science. Stop treating them like one. 2012-08-10T16:15:02.797Z So, his usage is eccentric, and he is unaware of how eccentric it is, or this is a post hoc justification. 'Fake Geek Girls': How Geek Gatekeeping Is Bad For Business 2012-07-26T15:00:33Z “Don’t tell us on Radio Free Europe post hoc what we’ve done wrong.” Krugmenistan vs. Estonia 2012-07-19T10:00:21Z Not only that, when pressed to justify their choices, the duped victims concocted remarkably detailed post hoc justifications. Gray Matter: Your Brain on a Magic Trick 2012-06-23T04:40:59Z In Logic, this is identified as the classic causality fallacy, post hoc ergo propter hoc: “after this, therefore because of this.” Secrets of ?miraculous? charter management organizations 2012-03-27T08:00:00Z Chronic joint disease, he continues, is especially a disease of exacerbations, and any one not familiar with their natural history may interpret the post hoc as a propter hoc. A System of Practical Medicine by American Authors, Vol. I Volume 1: Pathology and General Diseases 2012-03-17T02:00:54.097Z “The left hemisphere made up a post hoc answer that fit the situation.” The split brain: A tale of two halves 2012-03-14T18:20:26.320Z But will the ability to change works post hoc really diminish them as works of art? Our Digital Book Future: Turning A New Virtual Page In Human Evolution 2012-01-23T13:49:54Z As an old Roman might have said, post hoc ergo propter hoc. City Room: Occupy Wall St.: Credit, Blame and Coincidence 2011-10-25T12:38:27Z Their explanations are mere post hoc stories that add silly irrelevant facts just to garner more views and increase entertainment. Cognitive Biases in Sports: The Irrationality of Coaches, Commentators and Fans 2011-09-22T22:15:00.243Z The technical designation for one of the commonest fallacies is post hoc, ergo propter hoc; the belief that because one thing comes after another, it comes because of the other. How We Think 2011-09-16T02:00:18.973Z The confusion between post hoc and propter hoc is so common among the civilized and instructed, that we cannot be surprised if Hurons and Algonquins were not proof against it. Count Frontenac Makers of Canada, Volume 3 2011-09-09T02:01:02.147Z Plus, Bem’s fifth experiment was conducted before his first, which raises the possibility that there might be a post hoc bias either in running the experiments or in reporting the results. Extrasensory Pornception: Doubts About A New Paranormal Claim 2011-05-03T13:15:05.440Z In this theory there can strictly be no “causation”; one thing is observed to succeed another, but observations cannot assert that it is “caused” by that thing; it is post hoc, but not propter hoc. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 9, Slice 3 "Electrostatics" to "Engis" 2011-02-06T03:00:53.093Z But this theory overlooks the possibility of there being a final cause for the actual facts of humanity, and seems to be a substitution of propter hoc for post hoc. An Essay on the Scriptural Doctrine of Immortality This gives rise to what is known in technical logic as the post hoc ergo propter hoc fallacy; that is, the assumption that because one thing happens after another, therefore it happens because of it. Human Traits and their Social Significance Many instances might be adduced to illustrate the peculiar liability which one undergoes in dealing with these primitive men who follow out in practice the old fallacy of post hoc ergo propter hoc. The Manóbos of Mindanáo Memoirs of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume XXIII, First Memoir Accordingly, not every antecedent of an event is its Cause: to assume that it is so, is the familiar fallacy of arguing 'post hoc ergo propter hoc.' Logic Deductive and Inductive Who should say how often, in case of these long and wide extended struggles,—political and dynastic,—the effects which we confidently claim as propter hoc, are only post hoc in the last reality? The Visions of England Lyrics on leading men and events in English History This view may seem to be the result of post hoc reasoning, but I think it is not. The Fat of the Land The Story of an American Farm Give an example of your own of the post hoc fallacy. The Making of Arguments Full of this post hoc argument, Mr. Melbury overlooked the infinite throng of other possible reasons and unreasons for a woman changing her mind. The Woodlanders To post hoc reasoning is due much of the popularity of patent medicines. Practical Argumentation Yet somehow we are all supposed to have opinions on these matters, and it is not surprising that the commonest form of reasoning is the intuitive, post hoc ergo propter hoc. Public Opinion The post hoc ergo propter hoc error: he got well after taking my medicine; therefore in consequence of taking it. Medical Essays, 1842-1882 But he gives us no concise prognostic data; in fact one feels on reading his paper that the diagnosis must be made post hoc. The Journal of Abnormal Psychology, Volume 10 |
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