| 单词 | polis |
| 例句 | How could I have survived the Beast journey, the gangs, the polis, the big-river crossing, only to die by tree? Beast Rider 2019-03-01T00:00:00Z One of the few local documents to survive from this time, the so-called Constitution of Cyrene, prescribes the kind of political machinery one might expect in a wholly independent polis. Circumference 2008-11-25T00:00:00Z The house will be squashed and I will be caught by polis. Beast Rider 2019-03-01T00:00:00Z Sometimes the polis plunge in and arrest the job-hunters they can catch, to send them home. Beast Rider 2019-03-01T00:00:00Z These shouters scare me to the bone, they seem so much like the polis and Border Patrol—those bad ones who tried to stop me. Beast Rider 2019-03-01T00:00:00Z I am not caught by polis or dogs, not this time, but by this man who has tricked me. Beast Rider 2019-03-01T00:00:00Z If on their own they would wander all over this big L.A. without a plan other than to avoid polis. Beast Rider 2019-03-01T00:00:00Z A stopping place is coming with big buildings—and polis with fierce dogs that can smell even fear. Beast Rider 2019-03-01T00:00:00Z While the polis beat every plant in sight and shout, I crouch with the guy who called for me to follow. Beast Rider 2019-03-01T00:00:00Z Rome split Mace-don into puppet republics, plundered Macedon’s allies, and lorded over the remaining Greek poleis. The Birth of Europe 2019-01-01T00:00:00Z By the seventh century BCE, the hoplites in many poleis were clamoring for better political representation, since they were excluded by the traditional aristocrats from meaningful political power. Western Civilization: A Concise History 2020-01-01T00:00:00Z When Greeks established a colony, it became an independent polis with its own laws. World History: to 1500 2023-04-19T00:00:00Z The term polis, from which is derived the word political, refers to the city-state, the basic unit of government in ancient Greece. Introduction to Philosophy 2022-06-15T00:00:00Z Ignoring the democratic traditions of the Greek polis, these rulers and their descendants governed with complete power over their subjects. World History: Patterns of Interaction 2012-01-01T00:00:00Z The English word “political” derives from “polis” — the polis was the center of Greek politics in each city-state, and Greek innovations in the realm of political theory would have an enormous historical legacy. The Birth of Europe 2019-01-01T00:00:00Z The period between 650 – 500 BCE is sometimes called the “Age of Tyrants” in Greek history because many poleis instituted tyrants to stave off civil war between aristocrats and less wealthy citizens during this period. Western Civilization: A Concise History 2020-01-01T00:00:00Z But thanks to the new ideas from the colonies, the common people, or kakoi, began demanding land and a voice in the governing of the polis. World History: to 1500 2023-04-19T00:00:00Z In many cases the very origin of the state was religious, the earliest polis sometimes having arisen under the shadow of the temple. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 12, Slice 5 "Greek Law" to "Ground-Squirrel" 2011-12-05T03:00:51.527Z By 750 B.C., the city-state, or polis, was the fundamental political unit in ancient Greece. World History: Patterns of Interaction 2012-01-01T00:00:00Z The period between 650 — 500 BCE is sometimes called the “Age of Tyrants” in Greek history because many poleis instituted tyrants to stave off civil war between aristocrats and less wealthy citizens during this period. The Birth of Europe 2019-01-01T00:00:00Z Two of the most memorable poleis of the Archaic Age were Sparta and Athens. Western Civilization: A Concise History 2020-01-01T00:00:00Z "I 've a bit of paper for you somewhere, from one you know, if them blackguards the 'polis' has not made me lose it." The Knight Of Gwynne, Vol. I (of II) 2011-04-04T02:00:09.197Z The Hellenic municipalities were developments from the poleis, or city-states, which existed prior to the Roman conquest in Greece and the Hellenized areas of Asia and Africa. A History of Rome to 565 A. D. A polis was made up of a city and its surrounding countryside, which included numerous villages. World History: Patterns of Interaction 2012-01-01T00:00:00Z The Etruscans were active trading partners with the Greek poleis of the south, and Rome became a key link along the Etruscan — Greek trade route. The Birth of Europe 2019-01-01T00:00:00Z In turn, Sparta and Athens were, especially in the fifth and fourth centuries BCE, rivals for the position of the most powerful polis in Greece. Western Civilization: A Concise History 2020-01-01T00:00:00Z Modern states are not all or completely nation states, and the nation is not as pervading and dominating an entity as was the Greek polis. Recent Developments in European Thought Citizens would gather in the agora, an open area that was used as a market and a public square, and discuss matters of importance to the polis as a whole. Western Civilization: A Concise History 2020-01-01T00:00:00Z In Athens, male citizens who served in the assembly established all the important government policies that affected the polis. World History: Patterns of Interaction 2012-01-01T00:00:00Z Wars were temporarily suspended and all Greek poleis agreed to let athletes travel with safe passage to take part in the games, in part because the Olympics were dedicated to Zeus, the chief Greek god. Western Civilization: A Concise History 2020-01-01T00:00:00Z When the Greek cities of Ionia rose up against Persian rule, Darius vowed to make an example not just of them, but of the Greek poleis that had aided them, including Athens. Western Civilization: A Concise History 2020-01-01T00:00:00Z In other cases, however, colonists found relatively isolated areas appropriate for shipping and set up shop, maintaining close connections with their home polis as an economic outpost. Western Civilization: A Concise History 2020-01-01T00:00:00Z Despite having no initial interest in establishing direct control in Greece, the Romans found that rival Greek poleis clamored for Roman help in their conflicts, and Roman influence in the region grew. Western Civilization: A Concise History 2020-01-01T00:00:00Z Rome split Macedon into puppet republics, plundered Macedon’s allies, and lorded over the remaining Greek poleis. Western Civilization: A Concise History 2020-01-01T00:00:00Z Greek citizens could only be members of a single polis, and citizens had some kind of role in political decision-making. Western Civilization: A Concise History 2020-01-01T00:00:00Z Despite the Persian naval loss, Xerxes’ army was easily able to march across Greece and ransack various poleis and farmlands; it even sacked Athens itself, which had been evacuated earlier. Western Civilization: A Concise History 2020-01-01T00:00:00Z The Greek poleis were each distinct, fiercely proud of their own identity and independence, and they frequently fought small-scale wars against one another. Western Civilization: A Concise History 2020-01-01T00:00:00Z The poleis also invented institutions that united the cities culturally, despite their political independence, the most important of which was the Panhellenic games. Western Civilization: A Concise History 2020-01-01T00:00:00Z “Panhellenic” literally means “all Greece,” and the games were meant to unite all of the Greek poleis, including those founded by colonists and located far from Greece itself. Western Civilization: A Concise History 2020-01-01T00:00:00Z Greek colonies far from Greece were as important as the older poleis in Greece itself, since they created a common Greek civilization across the entire Mediterranean world. Western Civilization: A Concise History 2020-01-01T00:00:00Z The most prominent surviving piece of Greek architecture, the Parthenon of Athens dedicated to the polis’s patron goddess Athena, was built to embody the golden ratio in terms of its height and width. Western Civilization: A Concise History 2020-01-01T00:00:00Z Each hoplite had to be a free Greek citizen of his polis and had to be able to pay for his own weapons and armor. Western Civilization: A Concise History 2020-01-01T00:00:00Z Because they defended the poleis and proved extremely effective on the battlefield, the hoplites would go on to demand better political representation, something that would have a major impact on Greek politics as a whole. Western Civilization: A Concise History 2020-01-01T00:00:00Z Depiction of a battle between phalanxes of hoplites from rival poleis, dating from c. Western Civilization: A Concise History 2020-01-01T00:00:00Z The only area in which Spartan society was actually less repressive than the rest of the Greek poleis was in gender roles. Western Civilization: A Concise History 2020-01-01T00:00:00Z Some of the Greek poleis rose up, hoping to end Macedonian control almost as soon as it had begun, but Alexander returned to reconquer the rebellious Greek cities. Western Civilization: A Concise History 2020-01-01T00:00:00Z Cyrus swiftly defeated the Greek poleis, but instead of punishing the Greeks for opposing him he allowed them to keep their language, religion, and culture, simply insisting they give him loyal warriors and offer tribute. Western Civilization: A Concise History 2020-01-01T00:00:00Z Thus, it was all too easy for Athens to simply use the League to drain the other poleis of wealth while building up its own power. Western Civilization: A Concise History 2020-01-01T00:00:00Z Finally, we should note that major differences in gender roles were definitely present in different regions and between different poleis; regimented Sparta was far more progressive in its empowerment of women than was democratic Athens. Western Civilization: A Concise History 2020-01-01T00:00:00Z As Greece became more wealthy and powerful, the demand for slaves increased dramatically as each poleis found itself in need of more labor power, so a major goal for warfare became the capturing of slaves. Western Civilization: A Concise History 2020-01-01T00:00:00Z Some few women even served in political office – for example, a woman served as a magistrate in the polis of Histria, on the shores of the Black Sea, in the first century BCE. Western Civilization: A Concise History 2020-01-01T00:00:00Z While the practice was outlawed in Athens by Solon, most poleis still allowed the enslavement of their own people who were unable to pay debts. Western Civilization: A Concise History 2020-01-01T00:00:00Z In Plato’s work The Republic he wrote of an imaginary polis in which political leaders were raised from childhood to become “philosopher-kings,” combining practical knowledge with a deep understanding of intellectual concepts. Western Civilization: A Concise History 2020-01-01T00:00:00Z The Greek poleis were understandably worried about these developments. Western Civilization: A Concise History 2020-01-01T00:00:00Z For about ten years, the Macedonians bribed potential Greek allies, threatened those that opposed them, and launched attacks in northern Greece while the larger poleis to the south prepared for war. Western Civilization: A Concise History 2020-01-01T00:00:00Z Back in Greece, meanwhile, Sparta stood apart as the one polis that exceeded even Macedonian gender standards: Spartan women were fully autonomous economically, owning two-fifths of the land overall, and asserting considerable political influence. Western Civilization: A Concise History 2020-01-01T00:00:00Z They only grudgingly accepted the Macedonians as fellow Greeks and had celebrated the independence of the Greek poleis as one of the defining characteristics of Greek civilization for centuries. Western Civilization: A Concise History 2020-01-01T00:00:00Z When the Spartans and Athenians led the Greek poleis to victory against the Persians in the Persian War, it was a shock to the entire region of the Mediterranean and Middle East. Western Civilization: A Concise History 2020-01-01T00:00:00Z Soon, Athens moved from simply extracting money to actually imposing political control in other poleis. Western Civilization: A Concise History 2020-01-01T00:00:00Z Open war finally broke out between the two cities in 431 BCE after two of their respective allied poleis started a conflict and Athens tried to influence the political decisions of Spartan allies. Western Civilization: A Concise History 2020-01-01T00:00:00Z The Etruscans were active trading partners with the Greek poleis of the south, and Rome became a key link along the Etruscan – Greek trade route. Western Civilization: A Concise History 2020-01-01T00:00:00Z Over time, the Antigonids had to fight to hold on to power in Greece alone and they ultimately saw many of the Greek poleis achieve independence from their rule. Western Civilization: A Concise History 2020-01-01T00:00:00Z Likewise, citizenship, which had been the basic unit of political currency in the ancient poleis, became instead a mark of elite membership that could be won in multiple cities at the same time. Western Civilization: A Concise History 2020-01-01T00:00:00Z The Romans had been in contact with Greek culture for centuries, ever since the Etruscans struck up their trading relationship with the Greek poleis of southern Italy. Western Civilization: A Concise History 2020-01-01T00:00:00Z In 499 BCE several Ionian Greek poleis rose against the Persians and successfully secured Athenian aid. Western Civilization: A Concise History 2020-01-01T00:00:00Z The English word “political” derives from “polis” – the polis was the center of Greek politics in each city-state, and Greek innovations in the realm of political theory would have an enormous historical legacy. Western Civilization: A Concise History 2020-01-01T00:00:00Z This was the era in which the Greek poleis were at their most powerful economically and militarily and their most innovative and productive artistically and intellectually. Western Civilization: A Concise History 2020-01-01T00:00:00Z Athens was the richest and most influential of all of the Greek poleis during this period, although its power waned once it plunged into the Peloponnesian War against Sparta starting in 431 BCE. Western Civilization: A Concise History 2020-01-01T00:00:00Z As the Delian League grew, which is to say as Athens took over control of its “allied” poleis, it increased the size of its bureaucracy accordingly. Western Civilization: A Concise History 2020-01-01T00:00:00Z Cleverly, having just defeated the Greek poleis, Philip began behaving like a Greek statesman and assuming a kind of symbolic leadership role for Greek culture itself, not just Greek politics. Western Civilization: A Concise History 2020-01-01T00:00:00Z |
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