| 单词 | pig iron |
| 例句 | The fire was so intense that piles of pig iron melted like wax left in the sun, granite blocks split in two, and limestone and marble turned to powder and blew away. The Great Fire 1995-04-01T00:00:00Z We were within sight of where the two blast furnaces and the nine open hearths had been—where the “pig iron,” a product of iron ore, was melted into steel. Drama High 2013-09-26T00:00:00Z Inside the flat a fruity voice was reading out a list of figures which had something to do with the production of pig iron. 1984 1949-06-08T00:00:00Z “Arwyl is stubborn as pig iron. There is no bending him.” The Name of the Wind 2007-03-27T00:00:00Z The Congolese pirogues are made of a dense wood that sinks like pig iron when given half a chance. The Poisonwood Bible 1998-01-01T00:00:00Z Alabama’s Sloss Furnaces National Historic Landmark, which produced pig iron beginning in 1882, is described as a web of pipes and towering stoves that stand as a “monument to the Industrial Revolution.” Meet the latest tourist attractions: Abandoned factories 2018-03-08T05:00:00Z The vessels were carrying pig iron and iron concentrate. Two more ships pass through Black Sea corridor, Zelenskiy says 2023-09-03T04:00:00Z Its main products are aluminum, copper cathodes, pig iron, iron ore and other metals. Chip maker Foxconn exits a semiconductor joint venture with Indian mining company Vedanta 2023-07-11T04:00:00Z Prior to Russia’s invasion, nearly half of U.S. imports from Ukraine were metals such as iron, pig iron and steel, but they represented a tiny fraction of total U.S. imports of metals. US extends by another year temporary suspension of tariffs on Ukrainian steel 2023-05-31T04:00:00Z This innovation removed impurities from molten pig iron, producing stronger steel better suited to building rail lines and machines. World History: from 1400 2022-12-14T00:00:00Z The Asian country mainly produces nickel pig iron - a lower-nickel-content substitute for refined nickel. Copper to drift higher, but struggle to rally 2023-05-03T04:00:00Z This scheme to force virtually the entire country to smelt pig iron in their backyards left crops untended. No, dictatorships are not more "efficient": See how Putin and Xi have wrecked their countries 2023-02-18T05:00:00Z "There is an oversupply of nickel pig iron," said Lennon. Analysis: Industrial users flee LME nickel, deepening market fissures 2022-09-14T04:00:00Z However, most nickel investment so far have gone to production of crude metal such as nickel pig iron and ferronickel. Indonesia says Tesla strikes $5 bln deal to buy nickel products - media 2022-08-08T04:00:00Z Nippon could also find increased sales opportunities as a result of Russia and Ukraine being unable to export as much pig iron and semi-finished steel products, Mori said, before adding a cautionary note. Nippon Steel sees seamless pipe business back in profit thanks to increased gas drilling 2022-05-26T04:00:00Z Under high temperatures, the coke burns and the mixture produces liquid iron, known as pig iron or blast-furnace iron. The race to produce green steel 2022-05-17T04:00:00Z Russia is the world’s largest exporter of wheat, pig iron, nickel and natural gas, and a major supplier of coal, crude oil and fertilizer. Governments Tighten Grip on Global Food Stocks, Sending Prices Higher 2022-04-30T04:00:00Z But Russia also is a big aluminum producer, and a source of pig iron, used to make steel. Russia war could further escalate auto prices and shortages 2022-04-03T04:00:00Z Over the next decade, it shook the global nickel industry with low-cost nickel pig iron. Chinese tycoon's 'big short' on nickel trips up Tsingshan's miracle growth 2022-03-13T05:00:00Z Nearly 90 percent of the carbon released by the steel-making process comes from reducing it to “pig iron” in a blast furnace or smelter powered by fossil fuels. Can a Carbon-Emitting Iron Ore Tycoon Save the Planet? 2021-10-16T04:00:00Z “It’s only a matter of time before it’s a brown stain and a collection of pig iron on the ocean floor.” As the Titanic decays, expedition will monitor deterioration 2021-06-30T04:00:00Z Ukraine is the world’s largest exporter of sunflower seed oil and a significant exporter of wheat, pig iron, maize and barley. Governments Tighten Grip on Global Food Stocks, Sending Prices Higher 2022-04-30T04:00:00Z Nearly 70% of U.S. pig iron imports come from Russia and Ukraine, Alix Partners says, so steelmakers will need to switch to production from Brazil or use alternative materials. Russia war could further escalate auto prices and shortages 2022-04-03T04:00:00Z Duties on crude steel, pig iron, recycled steel and some other products will be suspended May 1, the Finance Ministry announced. China cuts steel import tariffs to push industry to improve 2021-04-28T04:00:00Z The land, which includes 14 freshwater springs, borders Craig Creek and also includes the Grace Furnace, a historic pig iron facility that likely provided iron ore for munitions during the Civil War. Woodlands tract to become part of Jefferson National Forest 2019-11-01T04:00:00Z The dimensions and construction of the wreck match those of the Clotilda, the commission said, as do building materials including locally sourced lumber and metal pieces made from pig iron. Wreck of last slave ship from Africa located off Alabama coast 2019-05-22T04:00:00Z Famously, he optimized the routine of men carrying pig iron and tripled their output—though historians question the rigor of his methods and veracity of his claims. The 100-year history of "life hacking" 2019-04-17T04:00:00Z Five further illegal shipments of North Korean coal and pig iron were imported by other South Korean buyers between Apr. 25 and Oct. North Korean Coal Slipped Into South Despite Warning From U.S. 2018-09-13T04:00:00Z It said export taxes of 15%-25% will be imposed on high-purity pig iron and other products. China cuts steel import tariffs to push industry to improve 2021-04-28T04:00:00Z They also said that more than 2,000 tons of pig iron from North Korea was imported to South Korea through Vladivostok, a Russian port near the Chinese and North Korean borders. South Korean Companies Accused of Illegally Importing Coal From North 2018-08-10T04:00:00Z The partnership between Republic and ERP Iron Ore is considering restarting a second furnace at the mill to produce pig iron used in steel production. Republic Steel partnership to restart idled blast furnace 2018-02-28T05:00:00Z The partnership between Republic and ERP Iron Ore is considering restarting a second furnace at the mill to produce pig iron used in steel production. Republic Steel partnership to restart idled blast furnace 2018-02-28T05:00:00Z However, half the world’s supply of the metal, comprised of so-called ferronickel and nickel pig iron grades, is unsuitable for battery production, according to analysts at UBS. Electric cars set world's nickel miners on new course 2017-10-31T04:00:00Z In the jutting chin of the Appalachians, near Alabama’s mineral-rich Red Mountain, men made the pig iron that girded America’s industrial revolution. A Truly Delicious Long Weekend in Birmingham, Ala. 2017-09-21T04:00:00Z In the 30-odd years to 1900, everything multiplied – railway track mileage by five times, pig iron production by eight, coal extraction by eight. In this new Gilded Age, robber barons are no longer the villains | Ian Jack 2017-05-06T04:00:00Z The U.S. imports about 4 million metric tons of pig iron, largely from Brazil, Russia and Ukraine. Bismarck company pursues iron plant in northern Indiana 2016-08-15T04:00:00Z To divine the economy, businessmen, investors and government officials relied on many indicators, including railroad boxcar loadings, pig iron output, bank deposits and crop yields. Stop picking on the GDP 2016-05-15T04:00:00Z However, half the world’s supply of the metal, comprised of so-called ferronickel and nickel pig iron grades, is unsuitable for battery production, according to analysts at UBS. Electric cars set world's nickel miners on new course 2017-10-31T04:00:00Z He rigged all of it from scrap wood and iron, except for a 100-pound piece of pig iron that keeps the trolley from rolling right into his living room. Master of ingenuity: makes new home by repurposing old stuff 2015-05-23T04:00:00Z "This could be a consolidation if some plants do not have the funding to do upgrading," said a trading manager at Shengyang Group, which operates one of the nine closed nickel pig iron production plants. Chinese city shuts factories as environmental law bites 2015-03-06T05:00:00Z The pig iron produced at a Carbontec plant would replace a portion of these pig iron imports while providing additional jobs, Simmons said. Bismarck company pursues iron plant in northern Indiana 2016-08-15T04:00:00Z Volunteers say the cannon weighs about 200 pounds and is made of pig iron, so its scrap value is minimal. Cannon stolen from Fort Wayne’s replica fort 2014-07-09T04:00:00Z Before them rose a bangled tower, a high, corroded structure made of pig iron, tiles, beach glass, and bottle caps. Sam Lipsyte: “The Naturals.” 2014-04-28T04:00:00Z With nickel largely controlled by Western companies, China's swelling economy was especially vulnerable—until some of its steel producers figured out how to substitute a lower-grade "nickel pig iron," unlocking a... Innovation, Investment Pop Commodity Price Bubble 2013-12-09T04:18:41Z Nine nickel pig iron plants were among some 50 factories in the prefecture-level city to close this week, local media reported. Chinese city shuts factories as environmental law bites 2015-03-06T05:00:00Z The 80,000-square-foot plant would have made pig iron nuggets using sugar beet residue or wood chips in place of coal and was expected to generate $50 million in annual revenue, Simmons said. Bismarck company pursues iron plant in northern Indiana 2016-08-15T04:00:00Z FDR had to rely on indicators like the price of pig iron or the volume of freight car traffic, rather than gross domestic product. A brief history of macro: How we got here 2013-01-21T23:19:13Z Brazil is a major exporter of pig iron, a primary ingredient of steel and cast iron, that is produced using massive quantities of charcoal. Ford, GM and BMW linked to illegal logging and slave labour in Brazil 2012-05-17T14:21:41Z The slump in 2011 made so-called primary nickel cheaper than pig iron, as steelmakers used more of the refined nickel substitute. Record Nickel Supply Expanding Glut Thwarts Rally: Commodities 2012-02-22T01:48:11Z When I came back, I walked beside the locomotive as it dragged the ladle and the fifteen thousand pounds of molten pig iron. Steel The Diary of a Furnace Worker 2012-02-21T03:00:18.360Z This foundry employs one hundred and twenty hands, and uses six hundred tons of pig iron annually, besides other materials in proportion. The History of Louisville, from the Earliest Settlement till the Year 1852 2012-02-04T03:00:17.917Z China produced 165,000 tons of pig iron last year, up from 90,000 tons, according to the International Nickel Study Group. Pig Iron’s Pain Proves Boon for Nickel Miners: Commodities 2011-10-27T02:33:01Z Two other metal brokers, Environmental Materials Corporation in Pennsylvania and a division of Cargill in Minnesota were also said by Greenpeace to have imported pig iron from Viena. Ford, GM and BMW linked to illegal logging and slave labour in Brazil 2012-05-17T14:21:41Z Thus we see the incalculable importance of another Kentucky invention, for now steel is made directly from pig iron in about thirty minutes, instead of as formerly in almost as many days. Stories of Old Kentucky 2011-09-23T02:00:21.413Z For Taylor back in 1899, it was a worker he called Schmidt who was loading pig iron. Wakeup Call For The Gates Foundation: Think Bigger! 2011-07-29T17:07:47Z The process was subsequently aided by the introduction of pig iron broken into pieces and mixed with hammer-slag, cinder, and ore. Inventions in the Century 2011-07-20T02:00:14.643Z Baosteel may not buy any pig iron this month because nickel is cheaper, Metal Bulletin reported this month, citing an unidentified official. Pig Iron’s Pain Proves Boon for Nickel Miners: Commodities 2011-10-27T02:33:01Z We are very familiar with the pig iron situation in Brazil. Ford, GM and BMW linked to illegal logging and slave labour in Brazil 2012-05-17T14:21:41Z Little George may have gone to Accokeek with his father sometimes and watched the pig iron from the furnace being carried by cart to a landing six miles away on the Potomac. The Stronghold A Story of Historic Northern Neck of Virginia and Its People 2011-07-17T02:00:38.770Z How many tons of pig iron bars could Schmidt load onto a railcar in the course of a working day? Wakeup Call For The Gates Foundation: Think Bigger! 2011-07-29T17:07:47Z Nickel pig iron is made from low-grade, laterite ore from Indonesia and the Philippines. Nickel Pig Iron Output in China May Jump, Capping Refined Price 2011-06-09T01:03:31Z In the value of its petroleum, natural gas, clay products, and pig iron it has no close second. Proceedings of the Second National Conservation Congress at Saint Paul, September 5-8, 1910 2011-05-07T02:00:26.100Z It is, furthermore, "the cheapest market in the North for pig iron." Abroad at Home American Ramblings, Observations, and Adventures of Julian Street 2011-04-27T02:00:23.800Z When the pig iron is to be used for re-casting, every effort ought to be used to obtain it of the deepest possible colour. The American Quarterly Review No. XVIII, June 1831 (Vol 9) 2011-04-02T02:00:12.460Z Seventeen ton of pig iron would not be more fatal ballast. Leigh Hunt's Relations with Byron, Shelley and Keats 2011-04-02T02:00:11.477Z Such an order as the above will serve the following purposes and have the following consequences: the steel guild will have a definite order for a definite amount of pig iron to manufacture. Twentieth Century Socialism What It Is Not; What It Is: How It May Come 2011-01-17T03:00:51.213Z These natural advantages make possible the production of pig iron at an unusually low cost. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 3, Slice 7 "Bible" to "Bisectrix" 2010-12-20T17:12:05.780Z I didn't consider where I could get my pig iron the cheapest. Abroad at Home American Ramblings, Observations, and Adventures of Julian Street 2011-04-27T02:00:23.800Z A change will first take place in the sites of the two branches; pig iron will continue to be manufactured by charcoal, and the bar converted by coal. The American Quarterly Review No. XVIII, June 1831 (Vol 9) 2011-04-02T02:00:12.460Z The steel had been too gradually forged, tempered and tested to become pig iron again in a breath, simply because it dreamed itself pig iron. The Tempering It will know exactly how many men it will need to manufacture this pig iron. Twentieth Century Socialism What It Is Not; What It Is: How It May Come 2011-01-17T03:00:51.213Z While passing through an iron-smelting village I noticed that the blacksmiths who beat up the pig iron were regular living skeletons. Drugging a Nation The Story of China and the Opium Curse When I wanted pig iron I simply went out and bought it, at the nearest place, right in New York. Abroad at Home American Ramblings, Observations, and Adventures of Julian Street 2011-04-27T02:00:23.800Z The best grey pig iron of American manufacture, superior in strength, and equal in all other respects to the Scotch, is now sold in the New York market at $45 per ton. The American Quarterly Review No. XVIII, June 1831 (Vol 9) 2011-04-02T02:00:12.460Z The pig iron of his half-savage beginning had been made malleable and held promise of tempered and flexible steel—but the metal was still feudist ore. The Tempering Upon the delivery of pig iron at these stated periods, the state will deliver the difference between the weekly amounts already paid and the price of the pig iron delivered. Twentieth Century Socialism What It Is Not; What It Is: How It May Come 2011-01-17T03:00:51.213Z So, when Cosden coolly announced that he had decided to select a wife just as he would have picked out a car-load of pig iron, Huntington's first impulse was one of resentment. The Bachelors A Novel I don't know how pig iron affects you, but with me it acts peculiarly. Abroad at Home American Ramblings, Observations, and Adventures of Julian Street 2011-04-27T02:00:23.800Z The metal in the longer trench is also broken into pieces of the same size, and the ingots thus formed are called pigs, whence the term for this variety, pig iron. The American Quarterly Review No. XVIII, June 1831 (Vol 9) 2011-04-02T02:00:12.460Z He reported a cotton blanket and a comfortable made of pig iron. The Dual Alliance It will be observed that it is proposed to pay the same price for pig iron after taking over the industry as was paid under competitive conditions at the time of the transfer. Twentieth Century Socialism What It Is Not; What It Is: How It May Come 2011-01-17T03:00:51.213Z Under the stimulus of federal bounties, the production of pig iron and of steel, chiefly from imported ore, is rapidly increasing. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 5, Slice 2 "Camorra" to "Cape Colony" Of course a man doesn't care what he pays for his pig iron when he feels like that. Abroad at Home American Ramblings, Observations, and Adventures of Julian Street 2011-04-27T02:00:23.800Z This constitutes, as we have seen, the white variety of pig iron. The American Quarterly Review No. XVIII, June 1831 (Vol 9) 2011-04-02T02:00:12.460Z The first fuel used in the making of pig iron from the ore was charcoal. Earth and Sky Every Child Should Know Easy studies of the earth and the stars for any time and place Operations had progressed so far that it was confidently predicted that soon large quantities of pig iron would be leaving the James for England, when an unexpected disaster put an abrupt end to the enterprise. The Planters of Colonial Virginia Concentrating Matte to Copper in the Bessemer Converter.—As soon as the pneumatic method of decarburizing pig iron was accepted as practicable, experiments were made with a view to Bessemerizing copper ores and mattes. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 7, Slice 3 "Convention" to "Copyright" The wisest plan is to order enough pig iron from Cleveland to keep you for several months, being careful to notice when the supply is running low, so that you can order another case. Abroad at Home American Ramblings, Observations, and Adventures of Julian Street 2011-04-27T02:00:23.800Z Iron, as may be inferred from what has been stated, is known in commerce in three distinct forms—wrought or bar iron, cast or pig iron, and steel. The American Quarterly Review No. XVIII, June 1831 (Vol 9) 2011-04-02T02:00:12.460Z In fifteen minutes pig iron can be transformed into ingot steel. Earth and Sky Every Child Should Know Easy studies of the earth and the stars for any time and place Let them furnish the old country with pig iron or potash or silk or ship-stores and they would find ready and eager purchasers. The Planters of Colonial Virginia The anchors and cables were thrown overboard, as she had a large quantity of pig iron aboard. Bark Kathleen Sunk By A Whale Especially anxious were they to render England independent in their supply of pig iron. Virginia under the Stuarts 1607-1688 The method by charcoal appears to have reached its acme of prosperity, at the close of the reign of the First James, when the furnaces of the kingdom yielded 180,000 tons of pig iron. The American Quarterly Review No. XVIII, June 1831 (Vol 9) 2011-04-02T02:00:12.460Z It is a great closed retort, which is filled with melted pig iron. Earth and Sky Every Child Should Know Easy studies of the earth and the stars for any time and place But it must not be supposed that England in this matter was concerned only for her supply of naval stores, potash and pig iron. The Planters of Colonial Virginia The big guy drops the pig iron and looks from Alex to me. Alex the Great College professors are lots harder to get along with––but business men are as cross as two sticks in their offices and at home they’re so sweet it would melt pig iron.” The Gorgeous Girl But the clear implication is that the commercial operation at Sheffield was based on the use of the best Swedish pig iron and the hematite pig from Workington. The Beginnings of Cheap Steel This iron is made exclusively of the best quality of Baltimore charcoal pig iron. Scientific American magazine, Vol. 2 Issue 1 The advocate of Industry and Journal of Scientific, Mechanical and Other Improvements The United States was thus producing 45 per cent of the pig iron turned out in these four countries. The American Empire They is a big truck standin' there and a husky on the back of it is engaged in coaxin' pig iron off of it on to the street. Alex the Great There is a heavy annual output also of iron ore, pig iron and fire-clay. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 3, Part 1, Slice 1 "Austria, Lower" to "Bacon" In 1880, your England led the world in the output of pig iron, producing nearly eight million tons to four million tons produced by the United States. The Sequel What the Great War will mean to Australia Pennsylvania contributed about one-half of the entire output of both pig iron and steel during the forty years, Ohio ranking second. Outline of the development of the internal commerce of the United States 1789-1900 In that year the United States produced 64 per cent of the pig iron product of these four countries. The American Empire Probably a little ballast—stone, gravel, sand or pig iron—was required under the temporary flooring of the cargo holds, most of it abaft the mainmast. The Pioneer Steamship Savannah: A Study for a Scale Model United States National Museum Bulletin 228, 1961, pages 61-80 One educates his son in all the fine arts, and he turns out a founder of pig iron. Pharaoh's Broker Being the Very Remarkable Experiences in Another World of Isidor Werner It was always butting into our youthful ambitions and tying pig iron to our coat-tails when we wanted to soar. At Good Old Siwash The pig iron industry began to expand rapidly in Alabama and Illinois in the early eighties, and by 1900 the output of these two states constituted a fifth of the total product. Outline of the development of the internal commerce of the United States 1789-1900 In what is called the "open-hearth" process, pig iron, scrap iron, and ore are melted together with whatever other substances may be needed to make the particular kind of steel desired. Diggers in the Earth I have here the plans for a new method of making steel from pig iron. Adaptation As to fact, and made pig iron of good quality; but from the rude and insufficient character of their arrangements, they failed commercially as a speculation, the quantity produced not reaching twenty tons per week. Iron Making in the Olden Times as instanced in the Ancient Mines, Forges, and Furnaces of The Forest of Dean The United States produces pig iron and steel in amount equal to her two greatest competitors combined, and the iron ores for this product are chiefly in the Mississippi Valley. The Frontier in American History The first shipment of pig iron of any consequence was made by the Pioneer Company in the fall of 1858. Old Mackinaw The Fortress of the Lakes and its Surroundings The meteorite of Rutherford, North Carolina, is of artificial material: mass of pig iron. The Book of the Damned In this way iron ore, pig iron, scrap iron and wool were sacrificed in the Senate. Recollections of Forty Years in the House, Senate and Cabinet An Autobiography. Silver, yes; you can melt it and sell it like pig iron; but how absurd to risk your neck stealing mere raiment! Blacksheep! Blacksheep! Michigan, Minnesota, and Wisconsin together now produce the ore for eighty per cent of the pig iron of the United States. The Frontier in American History There are now in operation at Marquette three Iron Mining Companies, and two blast furnaces for making charcoal pig iron, the Pioneer and Meigs. Old Mackinaw The Fortress of the Lakes and its Surroundings These must all be removed, some by washing, but most of them by roasting, or "smelting," in blast furnaces, after which it is called pig iron. Checking the Waste A Study in Conservation In reality the East and North departments of France, which have been invaded, were producing chiefly Basic Bessemer pig iron and steel. A Journey Through France in War Time Gottlieb could, I believe, have wrung tears from a lump of pig iron, and his own capacity to open the floodgates of emotion was phenomenal. The Confessions of Artemas Quibble Thus it is that some of the impurities in the pig iron—including the carbon—burn first, and if the blast is shut off when they are gone but little of the iron is destroyed. The Working of Steel Annealing, Heat Treating and Hardening of Carbon and Alloy Steel The Pioneer has two stacks and a capacity of twenty tons of pig iron per day; the Meigs one stack, capable of turning out about eleven tons. Old Mackinaw The Fortress of the Lakes and its Surroundings She must have a miscellaneous mind, this girl, for anything seems to go with her from pig iron to poetry. The Adventures of Uncle Jeremiah and Family at the Great Fair Their Observations and Triumphs This plant contains four blast furnaces of very small capacity, making special grades of pig iron. A Journey Through France in War Time It is quite within the record to declare that the Messrs. Baird, who turn out annually one-fourth of the entire production of Scotland, are the largest pig iron makers in the world. Western Worthies A Gallery of Biographical and Critical Sketches of West of Scotland Celebrities It is charged with pig iron and scrap through doors in the side walls. The Working of Steel Annealing, Heat Treating and Hardening of Carbon and Alloy Steel The business of manufacturing pig iron may be extended indefinitely, as the material is without limit, and the demand, thus far, leaving nothing on hand. Old Mackinaw The Fortress of the Lakes and its Surroundings Makers of pig iron go into the next quarter with a good supply of orders on their books, and merchants and consumers are desirous of buying over the first half of the year. Scientific American, Volume XXXVI., No. 8, February 24, 1877 A Weekly Journal of Practical Information, Art, Science, Mechanics, Chemistry, and Manufactures. Bowers came home from the Indian Marine to begin his duties as Stores Officer by falling down the main hatch on to the pig iron ballast. South with Scott Minor improvements would no doubt be made, but so far as we could see we had a perfect plant and our capacity was then fifty thousand tons per month of pig iron. Autobiography of Andrew Carnegie Nails, wire, metallic ware, chains, anchors, bar and pig iron were made in large quantities; and Great Britain, by an act in 1750, encouraged the colonists to export rough iron to the British Islands. History of the United States The amount of shipments of ore for 1859, from Marquette to the ports below, reaches 75,000 gross tons in round numbers, and the shipments of pig iron, 6,000 gross tons more. Old Mackinaw The Fortress of the Lakes and its Surroundings Practical iron men had said that it was an impossible feat to convert molten pig iron in a few minutes into fluid malleable iron, and then into available steel, and all this without additional fuel. The Harris-Ingram Experiment It was now loaded with 17,000 pounds of pig iron, but in vain, for it refused to budge. Scientific American Supplement, No. 508, September 26, 1885 As we had been compelled to engage in the manufacture of wrought-iron in order to make bridges and other structures, so now we thought it desirable to manufacture our own pig iron. Autobiography of Andrew Carnegie SEARLES.—An interesting account of the combined pneumatic and mechanical treatment of pig iron, giving as product a true wrought iron. Scientific American Supplement, No. 613, October 1, 1887 In this country, iron ores of a pure quality are dissolved in a bath of pig iron, with the addition of only small quantities of scrap steel and iron. Scientific American Supplement, No. 388, June 9, 1883 With the ordinary kinds of pig iron early in use, Bessemer's process was powerless. The Harris-Ingram Experiment When the reduction of aluminic oxide by carbon is conducted without the addition of copper, a brittle product is obtained that behaves in many respects like pig iron as it comes from the blast furnace. Scientific American Supplement, No. 508, September 26, 1885 But the manufacture of pig iron gave us more anxiety than any other department of our business so far. Autobiography of Andrew Carnegie Although iron ores are present in the state in large quantities, no other serious effort is being made to supply the state with home made pig iron or its products. A Review of the Resources and Industries of the State of Washington, 1909 The consumption of pig iron per ton of puddled bar was rather less than 21� cwts. for the year 1882; and that of "mine" for fettling was 33 lb. Scientific American Supplement, No. 388, June 9, 1883 When the molten pig iron is poured into mortar-like converters, supported on trunions like a cannon, the process is brought into full activity. The Harris-Ingram Experiment Other sounds rose at intervals—the tramping of mules dragging pig iron from Shadrach, the rumble of its deposit by the Forge. The Three Black Pennys A Novel The invention has something to do with the pig iron out at the Cumberland Iron Furnaces that father owns in the Harpeth Valley, and Mr. Douglass works for him. Phyllis At Irondale, in Jefferson county, a large plant has been in operation turning out pig iron. A Review of the Resources and Industries of the State of Washington, 1909 I have already mentioned the large consumption, reckoned in tons of pig iron, of the materials for shipbuilding. Scientific American Supplement, No. 388, June 9, 1883 His name will be forever associated with the rapid conversion of pig iron into malleable iron and steel. The Harris-Ingram Experiment This hectoring of our commerce will have to rest somewhere!" he declared; "taking the duty from pig iron, and then restricting its market to London, is no conspicuous improvement. The Three Black Pennys A Novel Only a portion of pig iron placed in the mixer is taken for further treatment for steel, while new supplies of pig iron are brought from the blast furnace. Scientific American Supplement, No. 829, November 21, 1891 Irondale is practically a suburb of Port Townsend, having the only pig iron plant in the state. A Review of the Resources and Industries of the State of Washington, 1909 He was of middle height, with reddish complexion, sandy hair and eyebrows, quick, sharp gray eyes, and features of a short, clean, close aquiline cut, with thin, dry lips—a man of iron, pig iron. Lippincott's Magazine of Popular Literature and Science Volume 26, September, 1880 But with pig iron produced from the red hematite ores, practically free from phosphorus, Bessemer's process was a surprising success. The Harris-Ingram Experiment Farquharson had struck hands with him over it, and the Blair iron ore went to the Crawford furnaces to be smelted into pig iron. Scottish sketches If sulphureted pig iron, poor in manganese, is added in a fluid condition to manganiferous molten pig iron, poor in sulphur, the metal is desulphurized, and a manganese sulphide slag is formed. Scientific American Supplement, No. 829, November 21, 1891 The products of coal and iron were coke and pig iron. Final Report of the Louisiana Purchase Exposition Commission Antonyms: deteriorate, decline, degenerate. iron, n. cast iron; wrought iron; pig iron; spiegel iron. Putnam's Word Book The Finn had seized this opportunity and flung a bit of pig iron upon Hilmer's sprawling right hand. Broken to the Plow And those who only knew Crawford among coals and pig iron would have been amazed to see him keeping up a mock dispute with this baby. Scottish sketches This apparatus holds 70 tons of pig iron. Scientific American Supplement, No. 829, November 21, 1891 In carrying out this idea, the iron exhibit comprised 32,000 pounds of the crude ore, and around it were grouped nails, spikes, bolts, steel rails, barbed wire, and pig iron manufactured from the ore. Final Report of the Louisiana Purchase Exposition Commission Virginia, Tennessee, and West Virginia produce appreciable quantities of pig iron; no Southern State plays a really important part in the steel industry, though Maryland, Alabama, and West Virginia are all represented. The New South A Chronicle of Social and Industrial Evolution The problem of its value as bullion is the same as that of the value of pig iron or of zinc, of meat or of potatoes. Modern Economic Problems Economics Volume II The impossibility of securing a uniform quality and chemical composition in any number grade of any brand of pig iron over a lengthened period was adverted to. Scientific American Supplement, No. 586, March 26, 1887 It is therefore not remarkable that, even when ores fairly free from sulphur are treated, it easily happens that a sulphureted pig iron is obtained. Scientific American Supplement, No. 829, November 21, 1891 Some of the pig iron went into another department, a big teakettle, where it was again roasted, and now it came out a sophomore—steel, worth more than pig iron. The University of Hard Knocks Wheels are leaned against the wood, a plough, wheel-tyres, pieces of pig iron, etc. The Dramatic Works of Gerhart Hauptmann Volume I Likewise small reductions were made on cotton and silk goods, on pig iron, steel and tin plate and many other articles; and larger reductions on coal, iron ore, chinaware, and glassware. Modern Economic Problems Economics Volume II Consequent from this a too resolute faith in any particular make of pig iron is likely to be at times ill-requited. Scientific American Supplement, No. 586, March 26, 1887 It has been found that if highly sulphureted pig iron is poured from the blast furnace into the desulphurizing vessel, fifteen to twenty minutes are sufficient to effect the desulphurization requisite for the steel process. Scientific American Supplement, No. 829, November 21, 1891 It was a freshman—pig iron, worth more than red mud, because it had been roasted. The University of Hard Knocks The lightning was interminable, letting down thick drips of thunder like pig iron from the heart of a white-hot furnace. The Beautiful and Damned They hated knives, stirrups, scythes, swords, pots, pans, kettles, or this metal in any form, whether sheet, barbed wire, lump or pig iron. Welsh Fairy Tales No. 4 pig iron was in fracture a pale gray, bordering on mottled. Scientific American Supplement, No. 586, March 26, 1887 Six of them returned with cargoes of crockery, bar iron, pig iron, and salt. Cleveland Past and Present Its Representative Men Springing to the deck, he ordered the mate to cut away the anchors and get the cables overboard, to keep the ship from sinking, as she had a large quantity of pig iron on board. Thrilling Adventures by Land and Sea So far as any expression went Tom Morse looked hard as pig iron. Man Size Imagine a great van loaded at the East-end of London with the heaviest merchandise, with bags of iron nails, shot, leaden sheets in rolls, and pig iron; imagine four strong horses—dray-horses—harnessed thereto. The Open Air The captains of steel, of finance, were old, spent, before they were fifty, broken by machinery and strain in mid-life, by a responsibility in which they were like pig iron in an open hearth furnace. Cytherea The sales of coal by the firm for the past two years amounted to one hundred thousand tons per year; together with a large trade in pig iron and ore. Cleveland Past and Present Its Representative Men An example of this is the work of loading pig iron on to bogies. Shop Management The opening of the Spanish War found some 80,000 tons of pig iron placed in small piles in an open field adjoining the works. The Principles of Scientific Management "No," replied the commander grimly, "but if they discover us, they are likely to dump a few barge loads of pig iron or something down on us and crush our steel plating." The Boy Allies under Two Flags Bonbright Foote, Incorporated, adds a little pig iron to your labor, and gives you a place to work in, and takes his millions of dollars a year…. Youth Challenges The firm keep for sale many varieties of pig iron, the most considerable being that of the Tuscarawas iron, but including also the Lake Superior and Salisbury irons. Cleveland Past and Present Its Representative Men On the right, as he approached the station, the big furnace stood like a dead giant, still and smokeless, and the piles of pig iron were red with rust. The Trail of the Lonesome Pine Prices for pig iron had been so low that it could not be sold at a profit, and it therefore had been stored. The Principles of Scientific Management In the course of the argument cannonballs, scimitars, boomerangs, blunderbusses, stinkpots, meatchoppers, umbrellas, catapults, knuckledusters, sandbags, lumps of pig iron were resorted to and blows were freely exchanged. Ulysses Kneading slag or cold pig iron into Bessemer steel would be about as easy as pounding the law of evidence into the Governor's brains. At the Mercy of Tiberius In the decade following the war the output of pig iron doubled, that of coal multiplied by five, and that of steel by one hundred. The Boss and the Machine; a chronicle of the politicians and party organization It was much easier for his bright, English-speaking little girl to get a chance to paste labels on a box than for him to secure an opportunity to carry pig iron. Twenty Years at Hull House; with autobiographical notes With the opening of the Spanish War the price of pig iron rose, and this large accumulation of iron was sold. The Principles of Scientific Management Nothing has as yet been said about the science of handling pig iron. The Principles of Scientific Management The average distance of the piles of pig iron from the car was 36 feet. The Principles of Scientific Management It will be noted that with an average distance of 36 feet of the pig iron from the car, these men walked about eight miles under load each day and eight miles free from load. The Principles of Scientific Management And besides this, the man suited to handling pig iron is too stupid properly to train himself. The Principles of Scientific Management A railroad switch was run out into the field, right along the edge of the piles of pig iron. The Principles of Scientific Management The first illustration is that of handling pig iron, and this work is chosen because it is typical of perhaps the crudest and most elementary form of labor which is performed by man. The Principles of Scientific Management One of the first pieces of work undertaken by us, when the writer started to introduce scientific management into the Bethlehem Steel Company, was to handle pig iron on task work. The Principles of Scientific Management Well, if you are a high-priced man, you will load that pig iron on that car tomorrow for $1.85. The Principles of Scientific Management Therefore the workman who is best suited to handling pig iron is unable to understand the real science of doing this class of work. The Principles of Scientific Management I have given considerable study to handling pig iron, and feel sure that you could do a much larger day's work than you have been doing. The Principles of Scientific Management In addition to these facts, the following are given: 47 1/2 long tons equal 106,400 pounds of pig iron per day. The Principles of Scientific Management |
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