英语词汇“phylum”造句子简单的方法、技巧、例句及翻译-英语例句辞典

To Madagascar, to start a new phylum of Malayali Swimming Spiders. The God of Small Things 1997-01-01T00:00:00Z

The most populous phylum in our locker room, the Kilt Pins took up three rows of lockers. Middlesex: A Novel 2002-06-05T00:00:00Z

Empathy, evidently, existed only within the human community, whereas intelligence to some degree could be found throughout every phylum and order including the arachnida. Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep? 1968-01-02T00:00:00Z

She teased him because it was all so pretty and melodic, and "in the same phylum as Hall and Oates," and he threatened to evict her from his room. Eleanor & Park 2013-02-26T00:00:00Z

Classifying American Christians into the imaginary phyla of cults and not-cults, of dangerous, fringy, irregular churches and a safe, mainstream, religious majority is a terrible mistake and just as dangerous as extremism itself. I grew up in an off-the-grid Christian commune. Here's what I know about America's religious beliefs 2021-06-26T04:00:00Z

I assume as the show progresses we’ll learn a lot more about him and his mythology, which will be fun, but the phyla of demons might become silly and burdensome. Lucifer: the devil's charismatic but the show is predictable as hell 2016-01-22T05:00:00Z

But though he is neither square-shaped nor visibly jaundiced, I, for one, never doubted that Mr. Slater is SpongeBob to the tips of whatever the underwater phyla equivalents of fingers are. Review: ‘SpongeBob SquarePants,’ a Watery Wonderland on Broadway 2017-12-04T05:00:00Z

Also by its fans — are they a devoted few or a group that spans all phyla, from kids on the street to stars in the sky? Rae Sremmurd and Makonnen at CMJ Music Marathon 2014-10-22T04:00:00Z

Among the phylum of Bread Loaf writers, we fit near the bottom, just above those paying full freight. My Summer Waiting Tables at the Writers’ Retreat 2016-07-05T04:00:00Z

The leech is an invertebrate animal belonging to the phylum Annelida, a zoological category that includes more than 15,000 species of segmented bristle worms and 650 species of leeches in the subclass Hirudinea. 10 stomachs, 32 brains and 18 testicles – a day inside the UK's only leech farm 2018-10-14T04:00:00Z

You remember rock, that phylum of music, largely guitar-driven, that once loomed large in American popular culture. New Music: New Albums by 3OH!3 and Falling in Reverse 2013-06-17T21:35:59Z

To do this, the researchers compiled a comprehensive list of non-native species described to date -- there are around 37,000 worldwide -- and grouped them according to biological taxonomy -- from phyla to classes and families. New study reveals huge potential for future waves of invasive species 2023-11-16T05:00:00Z

“There’s more that can still be done to really confirm that this pattern extends across the whole phylum,” Rahman says. Starfish Are Heads—Just Heads 2023-11-03T04:00:00Z

"There are 34 different animal phyla living on this planet and in over roughly 600 million years they have all come up with different solutions to the same fundamental biological problems," Lowe said. Where is a sea star's head? Maybe just about everywhere 2023-11-01T04:00:00Z

Scientists have known for some time that animals in the phylum Cnidaria—which includes jellyfish, corals, and sea anemones—are capable of basic forms of learning when repeatedly presented with a stimulus in their environment. No brain, no problem. Jellyfish learn just fine 2023-09-22T04:00:00Z

However, Moysiuk says these might have been comb jellies from the Ctenophora phylum, rather than the Cnidaria phylum which includes jellyfish, corals and sea anemones. Researchers announce Pacman ghost-shaped jellyfish is the oldest in fossil record 2023-08-02T04:00:00Z

Note that bacterial shape is not phylum-dependent; bacteria within a phylum may be cocci, rod-shaped, or spiral. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z

Millions of years ago, animals in this phylum—including starfish, brittle stars, sea cucumbers and sea urchins—were all bilateral. Starfish Are Heads—Just Heads 2023-11-03T04:00:00Z

The current taxonomic system now has eight levels in its hierarchy, from lowest to highest, they are: species, genus, family, order, class, phylum, kingdom, domain. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z

For more than a decade, scientists have debated which animals alive today hail from that earliest sister, fingering two phyla as the most likely candidates: sponges and comb jellies. Comb jelly ancestor may have been first animal to branch from tree of life 2023-05-17T04:00:00Z

Such hydrozoans form a subgroup of Cnidaria, a phylum whose members also include jellyfish and coral. Bizarre Blue ‘Jellyfish’ Washing Up on California Beaches Are a Sign of Spring 2023-05-03T04:00:00Z

These phyla are also bilaterally symmetrical, meaning that a longitudinal section will divide them into right and left sides that are symmetrical. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z

Archaeal and bacterial phyla are shown; the evolutionary relationship between these phyla is still open to debate. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z

The ecdysozoan phyla have a hard cuticle covering their bodies that must be periodically shed and replaced for them to increase in size. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z

Martini identified a carnivorous sponge that was not only new to science but the first documented case of bioluminescence in its phylum. The Mystery of Milky Seas Is Finally Being Solved 2022-07-23T04:00:00Z

This ability evolved independently across phyla, using different chemical processes and for different purposes, transmitting light-based messages even on the seafloor. Mystery, Discovery and Surprise in the Oceans 2022-07-20T04:00:00Z

The principal characteristics of all the animals in this phylum are functional segmentation of the body and presence of jointed appendages. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z

This simplified phylogeny shows the currently accepted evolutionary history of vertebrates, which are part of the phylum Chordata. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z

Animals included in phylum Porifera are parazoans and do not possess true tissues. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z

The Cambrian Explosion started about 542 million years ago and lasted 15 million years, and was when many modern phyla began appearing in the fossil record. Miller & Levine Biology 2018-01-01T00:00:00Z

They span 15 phyla, ranging from microscopic, barely multicellular blobs to 130-foot-long tapeworms snuggly coiled inside whale guts—species as phylogenetically different from one another as humans are from insects and jellyfish. The Scientists Fighting for Parasite Conservation 2022-05-18T04:00:00Z

Phylum Arthropoda is the largest phylum in the animal world, and insects form the single largest class within this phylum. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z

Scientists historically organized Earth’s millions of species into a hierarchical taxonomic classification system from the most inclusive category to the most specific: domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, and species. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z

This phylum includes free-living as well as parasitic organisms. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z

Linnaeus developed a classification system that organized species into seven taxa based on similarities and differences: species, genus, family, order, class, phylum, and kingdom. Miller & Levine Biology 2018-01-01T00:00:00Z

"There's so much new diversity here – and an entire phylum, the Taraviricota, were found all over the oceans, which suggests they're ecologically important," Sullivan explained in a statement. Earth's oceans are teeming with mysterious viruses, new study finds 2022-04-12T04:00:00Z

Sexual dimorphism is seen in this phylum, and embryonic development includes multiple larval stages. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z

He was surprised that the company couldn’t identify half of the sequences at the phylum level, which is a level of identification in biology just below kingdom. Perspective | Can test kits of our bodies’ microbiome aid in our health? I tried one of them. 2021-10-29T04:00:00Z

Arthropods represent the most successful phylum of animals on Earth, in terms of number of species as well as the number of individuals. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z

Classes are grouped into a phylum, which includes organisms that can look different, but share important characteristics. Miller & Levine Biology 2018-01-01T00:00:00Z

They also discovered a phylum they have dubbed Arctiviricota, which they describe as "widespread and dominant in the oceans. These efforts provide foundational knowledge critical to integrating RNA viruses into ecological and epidemiological models." Earth's oceans are teeming with mysterious viruses, new study finds 2022-04-12T04:00:00Z

As you review the phyla we’ve discussed in this lesson, remember the characteristics that set apart each phyla. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z

In a recent study published by the journal "Cell Biology," scientists describe finding a group of demosponges — the most diverse class in the phylum known as Porifera — in the Arctic Sea. Brainless sponges pay a grisly price for movement 2021-04-29T04:00:00Z

This phylum of animals bear a calcareous endoskeleton composed of ossicles covered by a spiny skin. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z

The class Mammalia is placed in the phylum Chordata, in which all of the animals have a nerve cord. Miller & Levine Biology 2018-01-01T00:00:00Z

Insects, spiders, crustaceans and many-footed critters such as millipedes are members of the phylum Arthropoda. Entomologist’s free coloring book on arthropods is a fun, informative tool for young naturalists 2021-02-05T05:00:00Z

However, the development of organs or organ systems is not advanced in this phylum. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z

Neither jellyfish, coral or anemone, this organism, known as a corallimorph, is one of the lesser-known members of the Cnidaria phylum and shown here in a fluorescence photo. The Kaleidoscopic Art of Threatened Corals 2020-12-23T05:00:00Z

However, organs and organ systems are not present in this phylum. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z

To assume near-identical viruses were infecting all the cells studied in this report would imply that some viruses are capable of infecting organisms from different phyla, the taxonomic rank just below kingdom, the authors say. Viruses Can Be Delicious as Well as Deadly 2020-11-11T05:00:00Z

Corals — multicellular marine invertebrates belonging to the class Anthozoa of the phylum Cnidaria — usually live in compact colonies composed of individual structures called polyps. Model system might reveal how coral cells take up and evict algae 2020-06-16T04:00:00Z

It is possible that the “spiny headed worms” currently in phylum Acanthocephala will be incorporated into this group in the future. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z

Then there are the bryozoans, a phylum of animals all its own. Creatures in This Underwater Forest Could Save Your Life One Day 2020-03-31T04:00:00Z

Arthropoda is the largest phylum in the animal world in terms of numbers of species, and insects form the single largest group within this phylum. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z

The worms — of the phylum Onychophora, they are cousins of arthropods and somewhat resemble caterpillars — have a “beautiful blue velvety texture” and “cute little stubby antennae,” Dr. Latty said. Some of Australia’s Smallest Species Could Be Lost to Wildfires 2020-01-09T05:00:00Z

One type of bacteria from the Verrucomicrobia phylum, Akkermansia muciniphila, seemed to play a role in a healthy aging process, the researchers say, possibly by increasing the amounts of secondary bile acids in the gut. Poop transplants can help prematurely old mice live longer 2019-07-29T04:00:00Z

It is estimated that 23 percent of all known marine species are mollusks; there are over 75,000 described species, making them the second most diverse phylum of animals. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z

The entire grouping of new phyla was named Asgard after the realm of the Norse gods. The trickster microbes that are shaking up the tree of life 2019-05-13T04:00:00Z

Within kingdoms, the subsequent categories of increasing specificity are: phylum, class, order, family, genus, and species. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z

Information on the maximum thermal tolerance was available for only a small number of species from a few phyla. Sea animals are more vulnerable to warming than are land ones 2019-04-24T04:00:00Z

These amoebozoans—a phylum of single-celled eukaryotes—spend most of their lives as individual organisms, but will gather into motile multicellular formations to search for food and reproduce. Did Crawling Critters Leave These Cracks? The Answer Could Rewrite Evolutionary History 2019-02-26T05:00:00Z

This phylum can be segregated into seven classes: Aplacophora, Monoplacophora, Polyplacophora, Bivalvia, Gastropoda, Cephalopoda, and Scaphopoda. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z

The establishment of the first taxon above the rank of order, the Negarnaviricota phylum, is another major step forward by the ICTV. Classify viruses — the gain is worth the pain 2019-02-19T05:00:00Z

A phylum may be represented in more than one kingdom. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z

Just one level more specific than kingdom, a phylum is a cavernous space to occupy alone: Our phylum, Chordata, overflows with more than 65,000 living species ranging from peacocks to whales to eels. World's Simplest Animal Reveals Hidden Diversity 2018-10-06T04:00:00Z

Insects share many characteristics with crustaceans, which are coveted and esteemed; both are members of the phylum Arthropoda. Why Aren’t We Eating More Insects? 2018-09-07T04:00:00Z

Mollusks show a variety of morphological variations within the phylum. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z

For example, an overgrowth of bacteria from the phylum Proteobacteria can precede the condition. How baby’s first microbes could be crucial to future health 2018-03-06T05:00:00Z

The animal phyla of this and subsequent modules are triploblastic and have an embryonic mesoderm sandwiched between the ectoderm and endoderm. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z

Born in 1834, the zoologist and biologist coined such terms as “phylum,” “ecology” and “stem cell.” Stunning undersea images from a prodigious 19th-century scientist 2017-12-29T05:00:00Z

As far as they are aware, theirs is not simply the smallest collection dedicated to the natural history of mollusks — the phylum of spineless creatures that includes octopuses, clams, snails and slimy sea worms. The creators of the world's smallest mollusk museum have giant ambitions 2017-11-28T05:00:00Z

Sexual dimorphism is the predominant sexual strategy in this phylum. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z

In DNA searches across Domain Bacteria, they found genes similar to the ones Amoebophilus uses to build its guns in six different bacterial phyla, the high-level taxonomic ranking just below kingdom. Bacteria Stab Amoebas to Escape Being Eaten 2017-10-09T04:00:00Z

These phyla are also bilaterally symmetrical, meaning that a longitudinal section will divide them into right and left sides that are mirror images of each other. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z

Miller, a biologist at Baker University in Kansas, said that the authors of the new work treat tardigrades as a single animal, ignoring that they are in fact a phylum of 1,250 different species. These animals can survive until the end of the Earth, astrophysicists say 2017-07-14T04:00:00Z

Pyrosomes are pelagic Tunicates, which are part of Chordata, a phylum that includes humans. Strange ‘sea pickles’ keep washing ashore in the Pacific Northwest — and scientists are baffled 2017-06-28T04:00:00Z

This video introduces us to ourselves by taking us on a journey through the fascinatingly diverse phyla known as chordata. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z

Then suddenly, at least in geologic terms, the majority of animal phyla developed in the Cambrian period, and some seem to have been vertebrates. ‘Other Minds’: Diving deep into the world of the octopus 2016-12-02T05:00:00Z

The phylum includes earthworms, polychaete worms, and leeches. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z

This literary shoplifting — the appropriation/borrowing/outright larceny of material and lyric — happens in various manners, among all phyla of writer, in all genres. The Lives They Lived 2015-12-23T05:00:00Z

That includes the 'Cambrian explosion' in multicellular diversity and the first discoverable remains of animal ancestral phyla. 500-Million-Year-Old Brains and Life in the Universe 2015-11-13T05:00:00Z

Within the kingdom Animalia, fish, rabbits, cats, foxes, jackals, wolves, and dogs are in the phylum Chordata. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z

She would take me on walks through the woods and point out plants and say what phylum and species. WSJ. Magazine’s 2015 Brand Innovator oversees his global business with one goal in mind: Serve the athlete 2015-11-05T05:00:00Z

In contrast, other animal phyla possess solid nerve cords that are located either ventrally or laterally. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z

Currently only 35 bacterial and archaeal phyla are recognized on the basis of classical approaches to microbial taxonomy. Microbiology: Create a global microbiome effort

The animal kingdom contains about 40 major groups, or phyla. Scientists Urge National Initiative on Microbiomes 2015-10-28T04:00:00Z

Members of this phylum have only been found in the Obsidian Pool, a hot spring at Yellowstone National Park. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z

They found that when rats were fed a controlled diet of dried plums, two major phyla of bacteria in the gut – Bacteroidetes and Frimicutes – increased, without negatively impacting other areas of the colon. Health Buzz: Dried Plums May Reduce Colon Cancer Risk 2015-09-29T04:00:00Z

Invertebrates include a huge diversity of animals, millions of species in about 32 phyla, which we can just begin to touch on here. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z

The octopus’s position in the Mollusca phylum illustrates evolution at its most spectacular, Hochner says. Octopus genome holds clues to uncanny intelligence 2015-08-11T04:00:00Z

The researchers divided the 789 organisms into 35 phyla—28 of which were newly discovered—within the domain bacteria. Giant Burst of Tiny Organisms Discovered on Tree of Life 2015-08-11T04:00:00Z

Flowering plants are the most diverse phylum on Earth after insects; flowers come in a bewildering array of sizes, shapes, colors, smells, and arrangements. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z

But here's what's really remarkable: the number of new bacterial groups is almost the same as the number of known animal phyla on Earth. Microbiologists discover 35 new groups of bacteria in Colorado 2015-06-15T04:00:00Z

It is the second most diverse phylum of animals with over 75,000 described species. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z

"Trematoda is a class within the phylum Platyhelminthes," he said. Texas fish fans in mourning after bizarre aquarium die-off 2015-04-16T04:00:00Z

With these new additions, there are now roughly 90 identified bacterial phyla. Giant Burst of Tiny Organisms Discovered on Tree of Life 2015-08-11T04:00:00Z

Some of the dominant phyla in the world’s oceans, such as the trilobites, disappeared completely. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z

Scientists debate when sponges, animals belonging to the phylum Porifera, first emerged. Oldest known sponge pushes back date for key split in animal evolution 2015-03-09T04:00:00Z

Within the phylum, classification is based on mouthparts, number of appendages, and modifications of appendages. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z

A number of writers have observed that what made Between Pacific Tides revolutionary was that its organization is ecological rather than taxonomic: it categorizes animals according to habitat, not phylum or family. In retrospect: Between Pacific Tides : Nature : Nature Publishing Group 2014-12-16T05:00:00Z

Based on their shared characteristics animals are put into categories called "phyla." Systems Science: How Biodiverse Is Your Backyard? 2014-10-02T04:00:00Z

Lophotrochozoa is named for two structural features, each common to certain phyla within the clade. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z

Kingdoms are divided into phyla, which are grouped according to similarities in general body plan. Deep sea 'mushroom' is a breed apart 2014-09-03T04:00:00Z

The phylum Mollusca is a large, mainly marine group of invertebrates. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z

This overlap of expressional responses by gene families across phyla suggests a conserved metazoan stress response involving enhanced metabolism and the suppression of genes involved in reproduction. Diversity and dynamics of the Drosophila transcriptome : Nature : Nature Publishing Group 2014-03-15T04:00:00Z

One way people classify animals is by their phyla. Systems Science: How Biodiverse Is Your Backyard? 2014-10-02T04:00:00Z

With the phylogenetic tree and the taxonomic classification system, scientists have grouped and organized organisms by domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, and species. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z

The researchers did find some similarities to other animal groupings, such as the Cnidaria - the phylum that comprises corals and jellyfish - and the Ctenophora, which includes the marine organisms known as comb jellies. Deep sea 'mushroom' is a breed apart 2014-09-03T04:00:00Z

It’s well known that the taxonomy of invention splits into two grand phyla: practical and novelty. First, Invent the Gadget. Then Take It to Hollywood. 2014-07-12T04:00:00Z

This analysis revealed low levels of a diverse set of bacteria, mostly nondisease causing strains of Escherichia coli, which dominate our intestinal tracts, but also others from five broad groups, or phyla. Placenta Harbors Bacteria, May Impact Fetal Health 2014-05-21T04:00:00Z

There are perhaps as many as 35 different phyla within the animal kingdom alone but most are very uncommon. Systems Science: How Biodiverse Is Your Backyard? 2014-10-02T04:00:00Z

In most phyla of fungi, tiny holes in the septa allow for the rapid flow of nutrients and small molecules from cell to cell along the hypha. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z

The size of each circle corresponds to the relative abundance, and the color represents to the bacterial phylum. Denizens of the Dirt: A Map of Microbes Across California 2014-05-03T13:00:33Z

A healthy gut is mostly composed of bacterial species that fall within a two different groups of bacteria: the phyla Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes. Are probiotics helping you? 2014-04-29T15:00:33Z

Within the phylum Arthropoda, most of our specimens belonged to class Insecta. Well: The Bugs in Our Homes 2014-03-20T04:01:36Z

Scientists recognize eight major phyla to describe most common animals: Porifera, Cnidaria, Platyhelminthes, Annelida, Mollusca, Arthropoda, Echinodermata and Chordata. Systems Science: How Biodiverse Is Your Backyard? 2014-10-02T04:00:00Z

Polyphyletic, unrelated fungi that reproduce without a sexual cycle are placed for convenience in a sixth group called a “form phylum.” Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z

Sequences are collapsed on the phylum level and the number of collapsed sequences is shown for each clade. An environmental bacterial taxon with a large and distinct metabolic repertoire 2014-02-05T18:21:56.312Z

Regular sponges — most members of the phylum Porifera — exist in a grey zone somewhere between a colony and an individual. Glass Sponges Poriferify -- and Beautify -- Impoverished Antarctic Neighborhood 2013-08-08T22:45:13.887Z

Owing to the greater phylogenetic resolution afforded by the concatenated gene data sets, compared to rRNA phylogeny, we were able to identify a number of robust associations among phyla. Insights into the phylogeny and coding potential of microbial dark matter 2013-07-24T17:20:57.027Z

What phylum do you think is most common around you? Systems Science: How Biodiverse Is Your Backyard? 2014-10-02T04:00:00Z

Note: “-mycota” is used to designate a phylum while “-mycetes” formally denotes a class or is used informally to refer to all members of the phylum. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z

The team propose to place it into a new bacterial phylum, called Gracilibacteria. Single-Cell Sequencing Reveals Genomes of More than 200 Unusual Microbes 2013-07-15T21:54:56.690Z

Average bootstrap support values are provided for each phylum and superphylum when resolved. Insights into the phylogeny and coding potential of microbial dark matter 2013-07-24T17:20:57.027Z

This is in stark contrast to animals, which consist of about 40 phyla, all of which contain multiple species. How Many Microbes Are Hiding Among Us? 2013-07-14T18:00:00Z

Therefore, they are still the prominent phylum in the coniferous biome or taiga, where the evergreen conifers have a selective advantage in cold and dry weather. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z

Uncultivated bacteria, which are proposed to form 70% of all known prokaryotic phyla, represent a particularly promising source for new, chemically prolific taxa. An environmental bacterial taxon with a large and distinct metabolic repertoire 2014-02-05T18:21:56.312Z

Woyke and her colleagues estimate that although there are millions of microbial species falling into at least 60 major phyla, 88% of all cultivated microbes fall into just four bacterial phyla. Single-Cell Sequencing Reveals Genomes of More than 200 Unusual Microbes 2013-07-15T21:54:56.690Z

Average bootstrap support values are provided for each phylum and superphylum when resolved. Insights into the phylogeny and coding potential of microbial dark matter 2013-07-24T17:20:57.027Z

The researchers named 18 phyla and were able to group some of them into larger categories called superphyla. How Many Microbes Are Hiding Among Us? 2013-07-14T18:00:00Z

Gymnosperms were the dominant phylum in Mesozoic era. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z

True fish belong to the phylum Chordata, along with birds, reptiles, amphibians and mammals. Cats can cause painful and dangerous damage, even to people who care for them 2013-01-28T21:49:26Z

Molluscs, annelids and numerous smaller phyla typically share stereotyped spiral cleavage patterns, cell-fate assignments and characteristic ciliated trochophore larvae, features that originated in the Precambrian era. Insights into bilaterian evolution from three spiralian genomes 2013-01-23T18:22:45.773Z

Here we provide a first glimpse into the potential functional diversity of many of the investigated candidate phyla and novel lineages. Insights into the phylogeny and coding potential of microbial dark matter 2013-07-24T17:20:57.027Z

Mr Zhang said that the team's reinterpretation of Cotyledion tylodes as belonging to the Entoprocta phylum adds further support to the idea that "nearly all the living phyla of animals suddenly appeared in the Cambrian". Ancient sea creature's secrets 2013-01-17T14:07:27Z

As mentioned earlier, the cnidarians and ctenophores are animal phyla with true radial symmetry. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z

Rather, it belongs to the phylum Mollusca, along with the squid, octopus, clam and snail. Cats can cause painful and dangerous damage, even to people who care for them 2013-01-28T21:49:26Z

Although they are gelatinous like jellyfish, comb jellies form their own phylum, known as ctenophores. Genome Reveals Comb Jellies' Ancient Origin 2013-01-09T15:15:00.317Z

It was originally proposed as a candidate phylum and more recently as a class within the Spirochaetes phylum. Insights into the phylogeny and coding potential of microbial dark matter 2013-07-24T17:20:57.027Z

He also found that the major phyla of bacteria were present on both psoriatic and healthy skin, but in different ratios. Microbiome: The surface brigade 2012-12-19T18:20:58.980Z

Another change to former phylogenetic groupings because of molecular analyses includes the emergence of an entirely new phylum of worm called Acoelomorpha. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z

But the profiles of the older people in institutional care were notably different: they carried a higher proportion of bacteria from the phylum Bacteroidetes, and a lower proportion from the phylum Firmicutes. Microbiome: Cultural differences 2012-12-06T12:21:20.227Z

Another team presented results from genome sequencing for the comb jelly Mnemiopsis leidyi, and found that the phylum lands either below, or as close to the base as, sponges on the tree. Genome Reveals Comb Jellies' Ancient Origin 2013-01-09T15:15:00.317Z

A complementary cultivation-independent approach for obtaining genomes from candidate phyla is single-cell genomics; the amplification and sequencing of DNA from single cells obtained directly from environmental samples. Insights into the phylogeny and coding potential of microbial dark matter 2013-07-24T17:20:57.027Z

Oceans cover approximately 71% of the Earth’s surface and harbour most of the phylum diversity of the animal kingdom. The oyster genome reveals stress adaptation and complexity of shell formation 2012-10-03T18:22:26.103Z

The placement of this new phylum remains disputed, but scientists agree that with sufficient molecular data, their true phylogeny will be determined. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z

The information will shed light on the biology and evolution of one of the planet’s largest animal phyla, with more than 100,000 species. Genome of the lowly oyster is likely to tell us a lot 2012-09-19T17:10:00Z

Most of these phylotypes are bacteria belonging to just a few phyla. Diversity, stability and resilience of the human gut microbiota 2012-09-13T11:20:47.313Z

The phylogenetic trees are based on up to 38 marker genes and sequences are collapsed at the phylum level occluding subgroups such as the Geoarchaeota which clusters within the Crenarchaeota. Insights into the phylogeny and coding potential of microbial dark matter 2013-07-24T17:20:57.027Z

Eating specifically promoted the growth of bacterial species in the phylum Firmicutes and this increase was not reflected by changes in the numbers of bacteria in the surrounding. The Food Fight in Your Gut: Why Bacteria Will Change the Way You Think about Calories 2012-09-12T21:45:00.240Z

However, the three phyla are not closely related phylogenetically to each other. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z

This changed with the discovery of a red fluorescent protein in coral-like animals, which opened the door to exploring for novel fluorescent proteins in phylum Cnidaria, including corals, jellyfish and anemones. Scientist at Work Blog: The Holy Grail of Fluorescent Proteins 2012-07-03T19:33:43Z

In fact, the true amoebae seem to be more closely related to fungi and animals than it they are to Heterolobosea, the phylum that includes Naegleria. The Brain-Eating "Amoeba" Strikes Again 2011-12-21T23:45:05.610Z

The same recoding was found and biochemically validated in candidate phylum SR1 very recently, suggesting that this codon reassignment may be phylogenetically widespread in uncharacterized lineages. Insights into the phylogeny and coding potential of microbial dark matter 2013-07-24T17:20:57.027Z

But this beautiful mechanism in the frog cannot have sprung into existence ready formed at any historical moment in the past history of the phyla. Darwin, and After Darwin, Volume 2 Post-Darwinian Questions: Heredity and Utility 2011-10-16T02:00:14.153Z

The largest phylum, Coniferophyta, is represented by conifers, the predominant plants at high altitude and latitude. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z

GASTROPODA, the second of the five classes of animals constituting the phylum Mollusca. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 11, Slice 5 "Gassendi, Pierre" to "Geocentric" 2011-09-02T02:00:20.450Z

They examined well-known groups and found the relative numbers of species assigned to phylum, class, order, family and genus follow consistent patterns. How many species on Earth? 8.7 million give or take 2011-08-24T09:13:38Z

In fact, the true amoebae may be more closely related to fungi and animals than it they are to Heterolobosea, the phylum that includes Naeglaria. Just What is the Brain-Eating "Amoeba" Naegleria fowleri? 2011-08-17T23:15:02.107Z

The last phylum, Gnetophyta, is a diverse group of shrubs that produce vessel elements in their wood. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z

The group is an isolated one and shows no clear affinities with any of the great phyla. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 11, Slice 5 "Gassendi, Pierre" to "Geocentric" 2011-09-02T02:00:20.450Z

This groups life into a pyramid-like hierarchy, with species at the base, then genus, family, order, class, phylum, kingdom and domain. How many species on Earth? 8.7 million give or take 2011-08-24T09:13:38Z

The phylum Porifera or Spongi� includes the simplest of the Metazoa or multicellular animals. Freshwater Sponges, Hydroids & Polyzoa 2011-06-25T02:00:17.833Z

The worm, known as Halicephalobus mephisto, is tiny — two hundredths of an inch at the longest — and belongs to the vast and diverse phylum of nematodes. Observatory: Treasure Is Found Deep in a Gold Mine: A New Worm 2011-06-01T21:45:46Z

The shape is similar to the lobes of the liver, and hence provides the origin of the name given to the phylum. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z

For a discussion of the relationship of the Gastropoda to the remaining classes of the phylum, see Mollusca. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 11, Slice 5 "Gassendi, Pierre" to "Geocentric" 2011-09-02T02:00:20.450Z

There are currently seven phyla in the kingdom Fungi; by comparison, there are 40 in the kingdom Animalia, which incorporates all animals. The Evolutionary Tree of Fungi Grows a New Branch 2011-05-11T21:15:00.400Z

We then characterized the phylogenetic variation across samples at the genus and phylum levels, and functional variation at gene and functional class levels. Enterotypes of the human gut microbiome 2011-05-11T17:21:02.573Z

The Linnaean system of classification, with its prescriptive hierarchy of species, genus, family, order, class, phylum and kingdom, ultimately lumps everything alive into one of three giant groups known as domains. A new domain of life: Plenty more bugs in the sea 2011-03-24T11:50:01Z

It is believed that most of the animal phyla in existence today had their origins during this time, often referred to as the Cambrian explosion. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z

The mere mention of this phylum elicits Pavlovian salivation from pharmaceutical companies--in addition to malaria, sponge chemicals are leading the fight against tumors, cancer, bacteria, inflammation, and arthritis. A Plea for Basic Biology 2011-02-11T15:15:05.240Z

"This group might be large and diverse enough to be a new phylum," says David Hawksworth, a mycologist at the University of Gloucestershire. The Evolutionary Tree of Fungi Grows a New Branch 2011-05-11T21:15:00.400Z

Genus and phylum abundance was estimated after normalizing for genome size for the former, and for 16S gene copy number for the latter. Enterotypes of the human gut microbiome 2011-05-11T17:21:02.573Z

So too the explanation of radial symmetry and torsion of organs as due to a Pelmatozoic mode of life finds confirmation in many other phyla. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 8, Slice 10 "Echinoderma" to "Edward" 2011-01-19T03:00:19.027Z

As animal phyla continued to diversify, new species adapted to new ecological niches. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z

However, unlike other phyla such as the Roadie and the Triathlete, the Urban Cyclist's look and attire don't evolve according to innovations in equipment. The bike snob's guide to cycling tribes 2010-10-23T23:05:00Z

A phylum is just one taxonomic step down from a kingdom. The Evolutionary Tree of Fungi Grows a New Branch 2011-05-11T21:15:00.400Z

Although a general consensus about the phylum level composition in the human gut is emerging, the variation in species composition and gene pools within the human population is less clear. Enterotypes of the human gut microbiome 2011-05-11T17:21:02.573Z

Affinities.—The occurrence of trochosphere larva and the temporary segmentation of the body have led to the belief that the Echiuroids are more nearly allied to the Annelids than to any other phylum. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 8, Slice 10 "Echinoderma" to "Edward" 2011-01-19T03:00:19.027Z

The study of phylogeny aims to determine the evolutionary relationships between phyla. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z

Analyzing a liter of seawater revealed 38,000 kinds of microbes, and census DNA sequencing has turned up specimens of more than 100 phyla. Massive Count a Drop in the Bucket 2010-10-06T14:44:00Z

Color copies on cheap paper, taped to mattes, are not in the same phylum as original works of art. Art Sales to Continue, for Now, in Parks 2010-08-30T20:32:00Z

Some palaeontologists think them members of a phylum that is now extinct. Palaeontology: Do the locomotion 2010-03-04T11:17:00Z

The evidence for the Pelmatozoic theory is supplied by palaeontology, embryology, the comparative anatomy of the classes, and a consideration of other phyla. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 8, Slice 10 "Echinoderma" to "Edward" 2011-01-19T03:00:19.027Z

Currently, most biologists divide the animal kingdom into 35 to 40 phyla. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z

Such breadth approaches three times the number of phyla known in the animal kingdom. Massive Count a Drop in the Bucket 2010-10-06T14:44:00Z

The hard calcareous substance to which the name coral is applied is the supporting skeleton of certain members of the Anthozoa, one of the classes of the phylum Coelentera. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 2, Slice 2 "Anjar" to "Apollo"

They are reactions which have long proved advantageous to the phylum of which the existent animal is the representative embodiment. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 4, Slice 4 "Bradford, William" to "Brequigny, Louis"

Now ensued the great event that originated the phylum—the discovery of the sea-floor. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 8, Slice 10 "Echinoderma" to "Edward" 2011-01-19T03:00:19.027Z

Examples of acoelomates include animals in the phylum Platyhelminthes, also known as flatworms. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z

The group is an isolated one and should probably be regarded as a separate phylum. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 5, Slice 7 "Cerargyrite" to "Charing Cross"

The phyla or groups of forms are great trunks bearing many branches and twigs, but not giving rise to one another. Naturalism And Religion

CHITON, the name1 given to fairly common littoral animals of rather small size which belong to the phylum Mollusca, and, in the possession of a radula in the buccal cavity, resemble more especially the Gastropoda. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 6, Slice 2 "Chicago, University of" to "Chiton"

Regards Protozoa as subkingdom and the four great divisions as phyla. Insects and Diseases A Popular Account of the Way in Which Insects may Spread or Cause some of our Common Diseases

These phyla include animals from flatworms to squids. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z

It was "limited to the type or phylum." The Christian Foundation, Or, Scientific and Religious Journal, Volume 1, January, 1880

Still less do the little side branches of one trunk bear the whole great trunk of another animal or plant phylum. Naturalism And Religion

All peculiarities which are characteristic of a race, species, genus, order, class and phylum are of course inherited, otherwise there would be no constant characteristics of these groups and no possibility of classifying organisms. Manhood of Humanity.

He also showed the distinctness of echinoderms from polyps, thus anticipating Leuckart, who established the phylum of Cœlenterata nearly half a century later. Lamarck, the Founder of Evolution His Life and Work

The species is a member of the phylum Nemertea. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z

There appears, indeed, to be a limit given to the adaptability of every organism by the type of its tribe or phylum. The Christian Foundation, Or, Scientific and Religious Journal, Volume 1, January, 1880

Modern zoology recognises not merely the four types of Cuvier, but seventeen different styles, “phyla,” or groups of forms, to derive one of which from another is hopeless. Naturalism And Religion

Differentiation within the vertebrate phylum is therefore not uniserial, but takes place in several directions. Form and Function A Contribution to the History of Animal Morphology

It was felt by some that natural selection alone was not adequate to explain the first steps in the origin of genera, families, orders, classes, and branches or phyla. Lamarck, the Founder of Evolution His Life and Work

A unique characteristic of this phylum is the presence of a proboscis enclosed in a rhynchocoel. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z

Or, briefly stated, ontogenesis, or the embryonic development of the individual, is a brief recapitulation of phylogenesis, or the ancestral development of the phylum or group. The Whence and the Whither of Man A Brief History of His Origin and Development through Conformity to Environment; Being the Morse Lectures of 1895

And what is true of the whole is true also of the subdivisions within each phylum; e.g., within the vertebrate phylum with its fishes, amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals. Naturalism And Religion

The archetype of the genus, family, order, class and phylum was thus conceived to have had at some past time a real existence. Form and Function A Contribution to the History of Animal Morphology

There is no doubt that the phylum of Angiosperms has not sprung from that of Gymnosperms. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 2, Part 1, Slice 1

The development of a closed circulatory system derived from the coelom is a significant difference seen in this species compared to other pseudocoelomate phyla. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z

The phylum of the Vertebrata is the most interesting of all, and is admirably discussed by Professor Haeckel. Critiques and Addresses

In accordance with the phylum or race; racially. Youth: Its Education, Regimen, and Hygiene

The first included the Protozoa, the second the Cœlenterata, the third the other five phyla, distinguished by the possession of a third layer, the mesoderm, and a "blood-lymph" cavity enclosed therein. Form and Function A Contribution to the History of Animal Morphology

In recent zoological classification the animal world is divided into twelve stems or phyla, and these are broadly sub-divided into about sixty classes, and these classes into at least 300 orders. The Evolution of Man — Volume 2

Alimentary, nervous, and excretory systems are more developed in the nemertini than in less advanced phyla. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z

The first three of these are still retained, and may be conceived as natural phylogenetic unities, as stems or phyla in the sense of the theory of descent. The Evolution of Man — Volume 1

The bird "phylum" was struthious, and wings grew out of rudimentary forelimbs. Life and Letters of Thomas Henry Huxley — Volume 1

In other respects Sedgwick's speculations link on more closely to the Gastræa theory, for one of his main contentions is that the blastopore or Urmund is homologous throughout at least the three metameric phyla. Form and Function A Contribution to the History of Animal Morphology

As far back as the record extends they show no sign of becoming merged with other phyla in any synthetic group. Darwin and Modern Science

The name of the phylum is derived from the Latin word annellus, which means a small ring. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z

It is there that the traces of ancestral experience are stored so that almost nothing that was ever essential in the development of the phylum is ever entirely lost. The Journal of Abnormal Psychology, Volume 10

The deuterostomes, whose name translates as “second mouth,” consist of two phyla: Chordata and Echinodermata. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z

The determination to link together all the main phyla of the animal kingdom and to force them all into a single mould was common to evolutionary and pre-evolutionary transcendentalists alike. Form and Function A Contribution to the History of Animal Morphology

From the Wasatch onward, the development of many phyla may be traced in almost unbroken continuity, though from time to time the record is somewhat obscured by migrations from the Old World and South America. Darwin and Modern Science

Animals in this phylum show parasitic and commensal symbioses with other species in their habitat. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z

The most conspicuous and familiar members of Chordata are vertebrates, but this phylum also includes two groups of invertebrate chordates. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z

In contrast, other animal phyla are characterized by solid nerve cords that are located either ventrally or laterally. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z

Nor is this hiatus confined to the Molluscan phylum; it is the same for all branches of the animal kingdom. Form and Function A Contribution to the History of Animal Morphology

It has, however, been held that certain other Cryptogamic phyla had a common origin with the Ferns. Darwin and Modern Science

Approximately 16,500 species have been described in phylum Annelida. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z

However, molecular evidence has revealed that arthropods are actually more closely related to nematodes, now comprising the ecdysozoan clade, and annelids are more closely related to mollusks, brachiopods, and other phyla in the lophotrochozoan clade. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z

These acoel flatworms were long thought to belong to the phylum Platyhelminthes because of their similar “flatworm” morphology. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z

In spite of the efforts of the evolutionists, as of those of the transcendentalists, the phyla or "types" remained distinct, or at best connected by the most general of bonds. Form and Function A Contribution to the History of Animal Morphology

In spite of their high development in past ages the Lycopods, recent and fossil, constitute, on the whole, a homogeneous group, and there is little at present to connect them with other phyla. Darwin and Modern Science

The most conspicuous and familiar members of Chordata are vertebrates, but this phylum also includes two groups of invertebrate chordates. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z

Most species of phylum Nemertea are marine, predominantly benthic or bottom dwellers, with an estimated 900 species known. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z

Animals in phylum Nemertea show a flattened morphology, that is, they are flat from front to back, like a flattened tube. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z

This phylum is also distinct in that some members exhibit a calcareous shell as an external means of protection. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z

Within the phylum, traditional classification is based on mouthparts, number of appendages, and modifications of appendages present. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z

单词	phylum
例句	phylum To Madagascar, to start a new phylum of Malayali Swimming Spiders. The God of Small Things 1997-01-01T00:00:00Z The most populous phylum in our locker room, the Kilt Pins took up three rows of lockers. Middlesex: A Novel 2002-06-05T00:00:00Z Empathy, evidently, existed only within the human community, whereas intelligence to some degree could be found throughout every phylum and order including the arachnida. Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep? 1968-01-02T00:00:00Z She teased him because it was all so pretty and melodic, and "in the same phylum as Hall and Oates," and he threatened to evict her from his room. Eleanor & Park 2013-02-26T00:00:00Z Classifying American Christians into the imaginary phyla of cults and not-cults, of dangerous, fringy, irregular churches and a safe, mainstream, religious majority is a terrible mistake and just as dangerous as extremism itself. I grew up in an off-the-grid Christian commune. Here's what I know about America's religious beliefs 2021-06-26T04:00:00Z I assume as the show progresses we’ll learn a lot more about him and his mythology, which will be fun, but the phyla of demons might become silly and burdensome. Lucifer: the devil's charismatic but the show is predictable as hell 2016-01-22T05:00:00Z But though he is neither square-shaped nor visibly jaundiced, I, for one, never doubted that Mr. Slater is SpongeBob to the tips of whatever the underwater phyla equivalents of fingers are. Review: ‘SpongeBob SquarePants,’ a Watery Wonderland on Broadway 2017-12-04T05:00:00Z Also by its fans — are they a devoted few or a group that spans all phyla, from kids on the street to stars in the sky? Rae Sremmurd and Makonnen at CMJ Music Marathon 2014-10-22T04:00:00Z Among the phylum of Bread Loaf writers, we fit near the bottom, just above those paying full freight. My Summer Waiting Tables at the Writers’ Retreat 2016-07-05T04:00:00Z The leech is an invertebrate animal belonging to the phylum Annelida, a zoological category that includes more than 15,000 species of segmented bristle worms and 650 species of leeches in the subclass Hirudinea. 10 stomachs, 32 brains and 18 testicles – a day inside the UK's only leech farm 2018-10-14T04:00:00Z You remember rock, that phylum of music, largely guitar-driven, that once loomed large in American popular culture. New Music: New Albums by 3OH!3 and Falling in Reverse 2013-06-17T21:35:59Z To do this, the researchers compiled a comprehensive list of non-native species described to date -- there are around 37,000 worldwide -- and grouped them according to biological taxonomy -- from phyla to classes and families. New study reveals huge potential for future waves of invasive species 2023-11-16T05:00:00Z “There’s more that can still be done to really confirm that this pattern extends across the whole phylum,” Rahman says. Starfish Are Heads—Just Heads 2023-11-03T04:00:00Z "There are 34 different animal phyla living on this planet and in over roughly 600 million years they have all come up with different solutions to the same fundamental biological problems," Lowe said. Where is a sea star's head? Maybe just about everywhere 2023-11-01T04:00:00Z Scientists have known for some time that animals in the phylum Cnidaria—which includes jellyfish, corals, and sea anemones—are capable of basic forms of learning when repeatedly presented with a stimulus in their environment. No brain, no problem. Jellyfish learn just fine 2023-09-22T04:00:00Z However, Moysiuk says these might have been comb jellies from the Ctenophora phylum, rather than the Cnidaria phylum which includes jellyfish, corals and sea anemones. Researchers announce Pacman ghost-shaped jellyfish is the oldest in fossil record 2023-08-02T04:00:00Z Note that bacterial shape is not phylum-dependent; bacteria within a phylum may be cocci, rod-shaped, or spiral. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z Millions of years ago, animals in this phylum—including starfish, brittle stars, sea cucumbers and sea urchins—were all bilateral. Starfish Are Heads—Just Heads 2023-11-03T04:00:00Z The current taxonomic system now has eight levels in its hierarchy, from lowest to highest, they are: species, genus, family, order, class, phylum, kingdom, domain. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z For more than a decade, scientists have debated which animals alive today hail from that earliest sister, fingering two phyla as the most likely candidates: sponges and comb jellies. Comb jelly ancestor may have been first animal to branch from tree of life 2023-05-17T04:00:00Z Such hydrozoans form a subgroup of Cnidaria, a phylum whose members also include jellyfish and coral. Bizarre Blue ‘Jellyfish’ Washing Up on California Beaches Are a Sign of Spring 2023-05-03T04:00:00Z These phyla are also bilaterally symmetrical, meaning that a longitudinal section will divide them into right and left sides that are symmetrical. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z Archaeal and bacterial phyla are shown; the evolutionary relationship between these phyla is still open to debate. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z The ecdysozoan phyla have a hard cuticle covering their bodies that must be periodically shed and replaced for them to increase in size. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z Martini identified a carnivorous sponge that was not only new to science but the first documented case of bioluminescence in its phylum. The Mystery of Milky Seas Is Finally Being Solved 2022-07-23T04:00:00Z This ability evolved independently across phyla, using different chemical processes and for different purposes, transmitting light-based messages even on the seafloor. Mystery, Discovery and Surprise in the Oceans 2022-07-20T04:00:00Z The principal characteristics of all the animals in this phylum are functional segmentation of the body and presence of jointed appendages. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z This simplified phylogeny shows the currently accepted evolutionary history of vertebrates, which are part of the phylum Chordata. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Animals included in phylum Porifera are parazoans and do not possess true tissues. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z The Cambrian Explosion started about 542 million years ago and lasted 15 million years, and was when many modern phyla began appearing in the fossil record. Miller & Levine Biology 2018-01-01T00:00:00Z They span 15 phyla, ranging from microscopic, barely multicellular blobs to 130-foot-long tapeworms snuggly coiled inside whale guts—species as phylogenetically different from one another as humans are from insects and jellyfish. The Scientists Fighting for Parasite Conservation 2022-05-18T04:00:00Z Phylum Arthropoda is the largest phylum in the animal world, and insects form the single largest class within this phylum. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z Scientists historically organized Earth’s millions of species into a hierarchical taxonomic classification system from the most inclusive category to the most specific: domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, and species. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z This phylum includes free-living as well as parasitic organisms. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z Linnaeus developed a classification system that organized species into seven taxa based on similarities and differences: species, genus, family, order, class, phylum, and kingdom. Miller & Levine Biology 2018-01-01T00:00:00Z "There's so much new diversity here – and an entire phylum, the Taraviricota, were found all over the oceans, which suggests they're ecologically important," Sullivan explained in a statement. Earth's oceans are teeming with mysterious viruses, new study finds 2022-04-12T04:00:00Z Sexual dimorphism is seen in this phylum, and embryonic development includes multiple larval stages. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z He was surprised that the company couldn’t identify half of the sequences at the phylum level, which is a level of identification in biology just below kingdom. Perspective \| Can test kits of our bodies’ microbiome aid in our health? I tried one of them. 2021-10-29T04:00:00Z Arthropods represent the most successful phylum of animals on Earth, in terms of number of species as well as the number of individuals. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z Classes are grouped into a phylum, which includes organisms that can look different, but share important characteristics. Miller & Levine Biology 2018-01-01T00:00:00Z They also discovered a phylum they have dubbed Arctiviricota, which they describe as "widespread and dominant in the oceans. These efforts provide foundational knowledge critical to integrating RNA viruses into ecological and epidemiological models." Earth's oceans are teeming with mysterious viruses, new study finds 2022-04-12T04:00:00Z As you review the phyla we’ve discussed in this lesson, remember the characteristics that set apart each phyla. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z In a recent study published by the journal "Cell Biology," scientists describe finding a group of demosponges — the most diverse class in the phylum known as Porifera — in the Arctic Sea. Brainless sponges pay a grisly price for movement 2021-04-29T04:00:00Z This phylum of animals bear a calcareous endoskeleton composed of ossicles covered by a spiny skin. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z The class Mammalia is placed in the phylum Chordata, in which all of the animals have a nerve cord. Miller & Levine Biology 2018-01-01T00:00:00Z Insects, spiders, crustaceans and many-footed critters such as millipedes are members of the phylum Arthropoda. Entomologist’s free coloring book on arthropods is a fun, informative tool for young naturalists 2021-02-05T05:00:00Z However, the development of organs or organ systems is not advanced in this phylum. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z Neither jellyfish, coral or anemone, this organism, known as a corallimorph, is one of the lesser-known members of the Cnidaria phylum and shown here in a fluorescence photo. The Kaleidoscopic Art of Threatened Corals 2020-12-23T05:00:00Z However, organs and organ systems are not present in this phylum. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z To assume near-identical viruses were infecting all the cells studied in this report would imply that some viruses are capable of infecting organisms from different phyla, the taxonomic rank just below kingdom, the authors say. Viruses Can Be Delicious as Well as Deadly 2020-11-11T05:00:00Z Corals — multicellular marine invertebrates belonging to the class Anthozoa of the phylum Cnidaria — usually live in compact colonies composed of individual structures called polyps. Model system might reveal how coral cells take up and evict algae 2020-06-16T04:00:00Z It is possible that the “spiny headed worms” currently in phylum Acanthocephala will be incorporated into this group in the future. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z Then there are the bryozoans, a phylum of animals all its own. Creatures in This Underwater Forest Could Save Your Life One Day 2020-03-31T04:00:00Z Arthropoda is the largest phylum in the animal world in terms of numbers of species, and insects form the single largest group within this phylum. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z The worms — of the phylum Onychophora, they are cousins of arthropods and somewhat resemble caterpillars — have a “beautiful blue velvety texture” and “cute little stubby antennae,” Dr. Latty said. Some of Australia’s Smallest Species Could Be Lost to Wildfires 2020-01-09T05:00:00Z One type of bacteria from the Verrucomicrobia phylum, Akkermansia muciniphila, seemed to play a role in a healthy aging process, the researchers say, possibly by increasing the amounts of secondary bile acids in the gut. Poop transplants can help prematurely old mice live longer 2019-07-29T04:00:00Z It is estimated that 23 percent of all known marine species are mollusks; there are over 75,000 described species, making them the second most diverse phylum of animals. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z The entire grouping of new phyla was named Asgard after the realm of the Norse gods. The trickster microbes that are shaking up the tree of life 2019-05-13T04:00:00Z Within kingdoms, the subsequent categories of increasing specificity are: phylum, class, order, family, genus, and species. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z Information on the maximum thermal tolerance was available for only a small number of species from a few phyla. Sea animals are more vulnerable to warming than are land ones 2019-04-24T04:00:00Z These amoebozoans—a phylum of single-celled eukaryotes—spend most of their lives as individual organisms, but will gather into motile multicellular formations to search for food and reproduce. Did Crawling Critters Leave These Cracks? The Answer Could Rewrite Evolutionary History 2019-02-26T05:00:00Z This phylum can be segregated into seven classes: Aplacophora, Monoplacophora, Polyplacophora, Bivalvia, Gastropoda, Cephalopoda, and Scaphopoda. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z The establishment of the first taxon above the rank of order, the Negarnaviricota phylum, is another major step forward by the ICTV. Classify viruses — the gain is worth the pain 2019-02-19T05:00:00Z A phylum may be represented in more than one kingdom. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z Just one level more specific than kingdom, a phylum is a cavernous space to occupy alone: Our phylum, Chordata, overflows with more than 65,000 living species ranging from peacocks to whales to eels. World's Simplest Animal Reveals Hidden Diversity 2018-10-06T04:00:00Z Insects share many characteristics with crustaceans, which are coveted and esteemed; both are members of the phylum Arthropoda. Why Aren’t We Eating More Insects? 2018-09-07T04:00:00Z Mollusks show a variety of morphological variations within the phylum. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z For example, an overgrowth of bacteria from the phylum Proteobacteria can precede the condition. How baby’s first microbes could be crucial to future health 2018-03-06T05:00:00Z The animal phyla of this and subsequent modules are triploblastic and have an embryonic mesoderm sandwiched between the ectoderm and endoderm. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z Born in 1834, the zoologist and biologist coined such terms as “phylum,” “ecology” and “stem cell.” Stunning undersea images from a prodigious 19th-century scientist 2017-12-29T05:00:00Z As far as they are aware, theirs is not simply the smallest collection dedicated to the natural history of mollusks — the phylum of spineless creatures that includes octopuses, clams, snails and slimy sea worms. The creators of the world's smallest mollusk museum have giant ambitions 2017-11-28T05:00:00Z Sexual dimorphism is the predominant sexual strategy in this phylum. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z In DNA searches across Domain Bacteria, they found genes similar to the ones Amoebophilus uses to build its guns in six different bacterial phyla, the high-level taxonomic ranking just below kingdom. Bacteria Stab Amoebas to Escape Being Eaten 2017-10-09T04:00:00Z These phyla are also bilaterally symmetrical, meaning that a longitudinal section will divide them into right and left sides that are mirror images of each other. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z Miller, a biologist at Baker University in Kansas, said that the authors of the new work treat tardigrades as a single animal, ignoring that they are in fact a phylum of 1,250 different species. These animals can survive until the end of the Earth, astrophysicists say 2017-07-14T04:00:00Z Pyrosomes are pelagic Tunicates, which are part of Chordata, a phylum that includes humans. Strange ‘sea pickles’ keep washing ashore in the Pacific Northwest — and scientists are baffled 2017-06-28T04:00:00Z This video introduces us to ourselves by taking us on a journey through the fascinatingly diverse phyla known as chordata. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z Then suddenly, at least in geologic terms, the majority of animal phyla developed in the Cambrian period, and some seem to have been vertebrates. ‘Other Minds’: Diving deep into the world of the octopus 2016-12-02T05:00:00Z The phylum includes earthworms, polychaete worms, and leeches. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z This literary shoplifting — the appropriation/borrowing/outright larceny of material and lyric — happens in various manners, among all phyla of writer, in all genres. The Lives They Lived 2015-12-23T05:00:00Z That includes the 'Cambrian explosion' in multicellular diversity and the first discoverable remains of animal ancestral phyla. 500-Million-Year-Old Brains and Life in the Universe 2015-11-13T05:00:00Z Within the kingdom Animalia, fish, rabbits, cats, foxes, jackals, wolves, and dogs are in the phylum Chordata. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z She would take me on walks through the woods and point out plants and say what phylum and species. WSJ. Magazine’s 2015 Brand Innovator oversees his global business with one goal in mind: Serve the athlete 2015-11-05T05:00:00Z In contrast, other animal phyla possess solid nerve cords that are located either ventrally or laterally. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z Currently only 35 bacterial and archaeal phyla are recognized on the basis of classical approaches to microbial taxonomy. Microbiology: Create a global microbiome effort The animal kingdom contains about 40 major groups, or phyla. Scientists Urge National Initiative on Microbiomes 2015-10-28T04:00:00Z Members of this phylum have only been found in the Obsidian Pool, a hot spring at Yellowstone National Park. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z They found that when rats were fed a controlled diet of dried plums, two major phyla of bacteria in the gut – Bacteroidetes and Frimicutes – increased, without negatively impacting other areas of the colon. Health Buzz: Dried Plums May Reduce Colon Cancer Risk 2015-09-29T04:00:00Z Invertebrates include a huge diversity of animals, millions of species in about 32 phyla, which we can just begin to touch on here. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z The octopus’s position in the Mollusca phylum illustrates evolution at its most spectacular, Hochner says. Octopus genome holds clues to uncanny intelligence 2015-08-11T04:00:00Z The researchers divided the 789 organisms into 35 phyla—28 of which were newly discovered—within the domain bacteria. Giant Burst of Tiny Organisms Discovered on Tree of Life 2015-08-11T04:00:00Z Flowering plants are the most diverse phylum on Earth after insects; flowers come in a bewildering array of sizes, shapes, colors, smells, and arrangements. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z But here's what's really remarkable: the number of new bacterial groups is almost the same as the number of known animal phyla on Earth. Microbiologists discover 35 new groups of bacteria in Colorado 2015-06-15T04:00:00Z It is the second most diverse phylum of animals with over 75,000 described species. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z "Trematoda is a class within the phylum Platyhelminthes," he said. Texas fish fans in mourning after bizarre aquarium die-off 2015-04-16T04:00:00Z With these new additions, there are now roughly 90 identified bacterial phyla. Giant Burst of Tiny Organisms Discovered on Tree of Life 2015-08-11T04:00:00Z Some of the dominant phyla in the world’s oceans, such as the trilobites, disappeared completely. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z Scientists debate when sponges, animals belonging to the phylum Porifera, first emerged. Oldest known sponge pushes back date for key split in animal evolution 2015-03-09T04:00:00Z Within the phylum, classification is based on mouthparts, number of appendages, and modifications of appendages. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z A number of writers have observed that what made Between Pacific Tides revolutionary was that its organization is ecological rather than taxonomic: it categorizes animals according to habitat, not phylum or family. In retrospect: Between Pacific Tides : Nature : Nature Publishing Group 2014-12-16T05:00:00Z Based on their shared characteristics animals are put into categories called "phyla." Systems Science: How Biodiverse Is Your Backyard? 2014-10-02T04:00:00Z Lophotrochozoa is named for two structural features, each common to certain phyla within the clade. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z Kingdoms are divided into phyla, which are grouped according to similarities in general body plan. Deep sea 'mushroom' is a breed apart 2014-09-03T04:00:00Z The phylum Mollusca is a large, mainly marine group of invertebrates. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z This overlap of expressional responses by gene families across phyla suggests a conserved metazoan stress response involving enhanced metabolism and the suppression of genes involved in reproduction. Diversity and dynamics of the Drosophila transcriptome : Nature : Nature Publishing Group 2014-03-15T04:00:00Z One way people classify animals is by their phyla. Systems Science: How Biodiverse Is Your Backyard? 2014-10-02T04:00:00Z With the phylogenetic tree and the taxonomic classification system, scientists have grouped and organized organisms by domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, and species. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z The researchers did find some similarities to other animal groupings, such as the Cnidaria - the phylum that comprises corals and jellyfish - and the Ctenophora, which includes the marine organisms known as comb jellies. Deep sea 'mushroom' is a breed apart 2014-09-03T04:00:00Z It’s well known that the taxonomy of invention splits into two grand phyla: practical and novelty. First, Invent the Gadget. Then Take It to Hollywood. 2014-07-12T04:00:00Z This analysis revealed low levels of a diverse set of bacteria, mostly nondisease causing strains of Escherichia coli, which dominate our intestinal tracts, but also others from five broad groups, or phyla. Placenta Harbors Bacteria, May Impact Fetal Health 2014-05-21T04:00:00Z There are perhaps as many as 35 different phyla within the animal kingdom alone but most are very uncommon. Systems Science: How Biodiverse Is Your Backyard? 2014-10-02T04:00:00Z In most phyla of fungi, tiny holes in the septa allow for the rapid flow of nutrients and small molecules from cell to cell along the hypha. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z The size of each circle corresponds to the relative abundance, and the color represents to the bacterial phylum. Denizens of the Dirt: A Map of Microbes Across California 2014-05-03T13:00:33Z A healthy gut is mostly composed of bacterial species that fall within a two different groups of bacteria: the phyla Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes. Are probiotics helping you? 2014-04-29T15:00:33Z Within the phylum Arthropoda, most of our specimens belonged to class Insecta. Well: The Bugs in Our Homes 2014-03-20T04:01:36Z Scientists recognize eight major phyla to describe most common animals: Porifera, Cnidaria, Platyhelminthes, Annelida, Mollusca, Arthropoda, Echinodermata and Chordata. Systems Science: How Biodiverse Is Your Backyard? 2014-10-02T04:00:00Z Polyphyletic, unrelated fungi that reproduce without a sexual cycle are placed for convenience in a sixth group called a “form phylum.” Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z Sequences are collapsed on the phylum level and the number of collapsed sequences is shown for each clade. An environmental bacterial taxon with a large and distinct metabolic repertoire 2014-02-05T18:21:56.312Z Regular sponges — most members of the phylum Porifera — exist in a grey zone somewhere between a colony and an individual. Glass Sponges Poriferify -- and Beautify -- Impoverished Antarctic Neighborhood 2013-08-08T22:45:13.887Z Owing to the greater phylogenetic resolution afforded by the concatenated gene data sets, compared to rRNA phylogeny, we were able to identify a number of robust associations among phyla. Insights into the phylogeny and coding potential of microbial dark matter 2013-07-24T17:20:57.027Z What phylum do you think is most common around you? Systems Science: How Biodiverse Is Your Backyard? 2014-10-02T04:00:00Z Note: “-mycota” is used to designate a phylum while “-mycetes” formally denotes a class or is used informally to refer to all members of the phylum. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z Sequences are collapsed on the phylum level and the number of collapsed sequences is shown for each clade. An environmental bacterial taxon with a large and distinct metabolic repertoire 2014-02-05T18:21:56.312Z The team propose to place it into a new bacterial phylum, called Gracilibacteria. Single-Cell Sequencing Reveals Genomes of More than 200 Unusual Microbes 2013-07-15T21:54:56.690Z Average bootstrap support values are provided for each phylum and superphylum when resolved. Insights into the phylogeny and coding potential of microbial dark matter 2013-07-24T17:20:57.027Z This is in stark contrast to animals, which consist of about 40 phyla, all of which contain multiple species. How Many Microbes Are Hiding Among Us? 2013-07-14T18:00:00Z Therefore, they are still the prominent phylum in the coniferous biome or taiga, where the evergreen conifers have a selective advantage in cold and dry weather. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z Uncultivated bacteria, which are proposed to form 70% of all known prokaryotic phyla, represent a particularly promising source for new, chemically prolific taxa. An environmental bacterial taxon with a large and distinct metabolic repertoire 2014-02-05T18:21:56.312Z Woyke and her colleagues estimate that although there are millions of microbial species falling into at least 60 major phyla, 88% of all cultivated microbes fall into just four bacterial phyla. Single-Cell Sequencing Reveals Genomes of More than 200 Unusual Microbes 2013-07-15T21:54:56.690Z Average bootstrap support values are provided for each phylum and superphylum when resolved. Insights into the phylogeny and coding potential of microbial dark matter 2013-07-24T17:20:57.027Z The researchers named 18 phyla and were able to group some of them into larger categories called superphyla. How Many Microbes Are Hiding Among Us? 2013-07-14T18:00:00Z Gymnosperms were the dominant phylum in Mesozoic era. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z True fish belong to the phylum Chordata, along with birds, reptiles, amphibians and mammals. Cats can cause painful and dangerous damage, even to people who care for them 2013-01-28T21:49:26Z Molluscs, annelids and numerous smaller phyla typically share stereotyped spiral cleavage patterns, cell-fate assignments and characteristic ciliated trochophore larvae, features that originated in the Precambrian era. Insights into bilaterian evolution from three spiralian genomes 2013-01-23T18:22:45.773Z Here we provide a first glimpse into the potential functional diversity of many of the investigated candidate phyla and novel lineages. Insights into the phylogeny and coding potential of microbial dark matter 2013-07-24T17:20:57.027Z Mr Zhang said that the team's reinterpretation of Cotyledion tylodes as belonging to the Entoprocta phylum adds further support to the idea that "nearly all the living phyla of animals suddenly appeared in the Cambrian". Ancient sea creature's secrets 2013-01-17T14:07:27Z As mentioned earlier, the cnidarians and ctenophores are animal phyla with true radial symmetry. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z Rather, it belongs to the phylum Mollusca, along with the squid, octopus, clam and snail. Cats can cause painful and dangerous damage, even to people who care for them 2013-01-28T21:49:26Z Although they are gelatinous like jellyfish, comb jellies form their own phylum, known as ctenophores. Genome Reveals Comb Jellies' Ancient Origin 2013-01-09T15:15:00.317Z It was originally proposed as a candidate phylum and more recently as a class within the Spirochaetes phylum. Insights into the phylogeny and coding potential of microbial dark matter 2013-07-24T17:20:57.027Z He also found that the major phyla of bacteria were present on both psoriatic and healthy skin, but in different ratios. Microbiome: The surface brigade 2012-12-19T18:20:58.980Z Another change to former phylogenetic groupings because of molecular analyses includes the emergence of an entirely new phylum of worm called Acoelomorpha. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z But the profiles of the older people in institutional care were notably different: they carried a higher proportion of bacteria from the phylum Bacteroidetes, and a lower proportion from the phylum Firmicutes. Microbiome: Cultural differences 2012-12-06T12:21:20.227Z Another team presented results from genome sequencing for the comb jelly Mnemiopsis leidyi, and found that the phylum lands either below, or as close to the base as, sponges on the tree. Genome Reveals Comb Jellies' Ancient Origin 2013-01-09T15:15:00.317Z A complementary cultivation-independent approach for obtaining genomes from candidate phyla is single-cell genomics; the amplification and sequencing of DNA from single cells obtained directly from environmental samples. Insights into the phylogeny and coding potential of microbial dark matter 2013-07-24T17:20:57.027Z Oceans cover approximately 71% of the Earth’s surface and harbour most of the phylum diversity of the animal kingdom. The oyster genome reveals stress adaptation and complexity of shell formation 2012-10-03T18:22:26.103Z The placement of this new phylum remains disputed, but scientists agree that with sufficient molecular data, their true phylogeny will be determined. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z The information will shed light on the biology and evolution of one of the planet’s largest animal phyla, with more than 100,000 species. Genome of the lowly oyster is likely to tell us a lot 2012-09-19T17:10:00Z Most of these phylotypes are bacteria belonging to just a few phyla. Diversity, stability and resilience of the human gut microbiota 2012-09-13T11:20:47.313Z The phylogenetic trees are based on up to 38 marker genes and sequences are collapsed at the phylum level occluding subgroups such as the Geoarchaeota which clusters within the Crenarchaeota. Insights into the phylogeny and coding potential of microbial dark matter 2013-07-24T17:20:57.027Z Eating specifically promoted the growth of bacterial species in the phylum Firmicutes and this increase was not reflected by changes in the numbers of bacteria in the surrounding. The Food Fight in Your Gut: Why Bacteria Will Change the Way You Think about Calories 2012-09-12T21:45:00.240Z However, the three phyla are not closely related phylogenetically to each other. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z This changed with the discovery of a red fluorescent protein in coral-like animals, which opened the door to exploring for novel fluorescent proteins in phylum Cnidaria, including corals, jellyfish and anemones. Scientist at Work Blog: The Holy Grail of Fluorescent Proteins 2012-07-03T19:33:43Z In fact, the true amoebae seem to be more closely related to fungi and animals than it they are to Heterolobosea, the phylum that includes Naegleria. The Brain-Eating "Amoeba" Strikes Again 2011-12-21T23:45:05.610Z The same recoding was found and biochemically validated in candidate phylum SR1 very recently, suggesting that this codon reassignment may be phylogenetically widespread in uncharacterized lineages. Insights into the phylogeny and coding potential of microbial dark matter 2013-07-24T17:20:57.027Z But this beautiful mechanism in the frog cannot have sprung into existence ready formed at any historical moment in the past history of the phyla. Darwin, and After Darwin, Volume 2 Post-Darwinian Questions: Heredity and Utility 2011-10-16T02:00:14.153Z The largest phylum, Coniferophyta, is represented by conifers, the predominant plants at high altitude and latitude. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z GASTROPODA, the second of the five classes of animals constituting the phylum Mollusca. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 11, Slice 5 "Gassendi, Pierre" to "Geocentric" 2011-09-02T02:00:20.450Z They examined well-known groups and found the relative numbers of species assigned to phylum, class, order, family and genus follow consistent patterns. How many species on Earth? 8.7 million give or take 2011-08-24T09:13:38Z The phylogenetic trees are based on up to 38 marker genes and sequences are collapsed at the phylum level occluding subgroups such as the Geoarchaeota which clusters within the Crenarchaeota. Insights into the phylogeny and coding potential of microbial dark matter 2013-07-24T17:20:57.027Z In fact, the true amoebae may be more closely related to fungi and animals than it they are to Heterolobosea, the phylum that includes Naeglaria. Just What is the Brain-Eating "Amoeba" Naegleria fowleri? 2011-08-17T23:15:02.107Z The last phylum, Gnetophyta, is a diverse group of shrubs that produce vessel elements in their wood. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z The group is an isolated one and shows no clear affinities with any of the great phyla. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 11, Slice 5 "Gassendi, Pierre" to "Geocentric" 2011-09-02T02:00:20.450Z This groups life into a pyramid-like hierarchy, with species at the base, then genus, family, order, class, phylum, kingdom and domain. How many species on Earth? 8.7 million give or take 2011-08-24T09:13:38Z The phylum Porifera or Spongi� includes the simplest of the Metazoa or multicellular animals. Freshwater Sponges, Hydroids & Polyzoa 2011-06-25T02:00:17.833Z The worm, known as Halicephalobus mephisto, is tiny — two hundredths of an inch at the longest — and belongs to the vast and diverse phylum of nematodes. Observatory: Treasure Is Found Deep in a Gold Mine: A New Worm 2011-06-01T21:45:46Z The shape is similar to the lobes of the liver, and hence provides the origin of the name given to the phylum. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z For a discussion of the relationship of the Gastropoda to the remaining classes of the phylum, see Mollusca. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 11, Slice 5 "Gassendi, Pierre" to "Geocentric" 2011-09-02T02:00:20.450Z There are currently seven phyla in the kingdom Fungi; by comparison, there are 40 in the kingdom Animalia, which incorporates all animals. The Evolutionary Tree of Fungi Grows a New Branch 2011-05-11T21:15:00.400Z We then characterized the phylogenetic variation across samples at the genus and phylum levels, and functional variation at gene and functional class levels. Enterotypes of the human gut microbiome 2011-05-11T17:21:02.573Z The Linnaean system of classification, with its prescriptive hierarchy of species, genus, family, order, class, phylum and kingdom, ultimately lumps everything alive into one of three giant groups known as domains. A new domain of life: Plenty more bugs in the sea 2011-03-24T11:50:01Z It is believed that most of the animal phyla in existence today had their origins during this time, often referred to as the Cambrian explosion. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z The mere mention of this phylum elicits Pavlovian salivation from pharmaceutical companies--in addition to malaria, sponge chemicals are leading the fight against tumors, cancer, bacteria, inflammation, and arthritis. A Plea for Basic Biology 2011-02-11T15:15:05.240Z "This group might be large and diverse enough to be a new phylum," says David Hawksworth, a mycologist at the University of Gloucestershire. The Evolutionary Tree of Fungi Grows a New Branch 2011-05-11T21:15:00.400Z Genus and phylum abundance was estimated after normalizing for genome size for the former, and for 16S gene copy number for the latter. Enterotypes of the human gut microbiome 2011-05-11T17:21:02.573Z So too the explanation of radial symmetry and torsion of organs as due to a Pelmatozoic mode of life finds confirmation in many other phyla. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 8, Slice 10 "Echinoderma" to "Edward" 2011-01-19T03:00:19.027Z As animal phyla continued to diversify, new species adapted to new ecological niches. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z However, unlike other phyla such as the Roadie and the Triathlete, the Urban Cyclist's look and attire don't evolve according to innovations in equipment. The bike snob's guide to cycling tribes 2010-10-23T23:05:00Z A phylum is just one taxonomic step down from a kingdom. The Evolutionary Tree of Fungi Grows a New Branch 2011-05-11T21:15:00.400Z Although a general consensus about the phylum level composition in the human gut is emerging, the variation in species composition and gene pools within the human population is less clear. Enterotypes of the human gut microbiome 2011-05-11T17:21:02.573Z Affinities.—The occurrence of trochosphere larva and the temporary segmentation of the body have led to the belief that the Echiuroids are more nearly allied to the Annelids than to any other phylum. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 8, Slice 10 "Echinoderma" to "Edward" 2011-01-19T03:00:19.027Z The study of phylogeny aims to determine the evolutionary relationships between phyla. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z Analyzing a liter of seawater revealed 38,000 kinds of microbes, and census DNA sequencing has turned up specimens of more than 100 phyla. Massive Count a Drop in the Bucket 2010-10-06T14:44:00Z Color copies on cheap paper, taped to mattes, are not in the same phylum as original works of art. Art Sales to Continue, for Now, in Parks 2010-08-30T20:32:00Z Some palaeontologists think them members of a phylum that is now extinct. Palaeontology: Do the locomotion 2010-03-04T11:17:00Z The evidence for the Pelmatozoic theory is supplied by palaeontology, embryology, the comparative anatomy of the classes, and a consideration of other phyla. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 8, Slice 10 "Echinoderma" to "Edward" 2011-01-19T03:00:19.027Z Currently, most biologists divide the animal kingdom into 35 to 40 phyla. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z Such breadth approaches three times the number of phyla known in the animal kingdom. Massive Count a Drop in the Bucket 2010-10-06T14:44:00Z The hard calcareous substance to which the name coral is applied is the supporting skeleton of certain members of the Anthozoa, one of the classes of the phylum Coelentera. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 2, Slice 2 "Anjar" to "Apollo" They are reactions which have long proved advantageous to the phylum of which the existent animal is the representative embodiment. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 4, Slice 4 "Bradford, William" to "Brequigny, Louis" Now ensued the great event that originated the phylum—the discovery of the sea-floor. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 8, Slice 10 "Echinoderma" to "Edward" 2011-01-19T03:00:19.027Z Examples of acoelomates include animals in the phylum Platyhelminthes, also known as flatworms. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z The group is an isolated one and should probably be regarded as a separate phylum. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 5, Slice 7 "Cerargyrite" to "Charing Cross" The phyla or groups of forms are great trunks bearing many branches and twigs, but not giving rise to one another. Naturalism And Religion CHITON, the name1 given to fairly common littoral animals of rather small size which belong to the phylum Mollusca, and, in the possession of a radula in the buccal cavity, resemble more especially the Gastropoda. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 6, Slice 2 "Chicago, University of" to "Chiton" Regards Protozoa as subkingdom and the four great divisions as phyla. Insects and Diseases A Popular Account of the Way in Which Insects may Spread or Cause some of our Common Diseases These phyla include animals from flatworms to squids. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z It was "limited to the type or phylum." The Christian Foundation, Or, Scientific and Religious Journal, Volume 1, January, 1880 Still less do the little side branches of one trunk bear the whole great trunk of another animal or plant phylum. Naturalism And Religion All peculiarities which are characteristic of a race, species, genus, order, class and phylum are of course inherited, otherwise there would be no constant characteristics of these groups and no possibility of classifying organisms. Manhood of Humanity. He also showed the distinctness of echinoderms from polyps, thus anticipating Leuckart, who established the phylum of Cœlenterata nearly half a century later. Lamarck, the Founder of Evolution His Life and Work The species is a member of the phylum Nemertea. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z There appears, indeed, to be a limit given to the adaptability of every organism by the type of its tribe or phylum. The Christian Foundation, Or, Scientific and Religious Journal, Volume 1, January, 1880 Modern zoology recognises not merely the four types of Cuvier, but seventeen different styles, “phyla,” or groups of forms, to derive one of which from another is hopeless. Naturalism And Religion Differentiation within the vertebrate phylum is therefore not uniserial, but takes place in several directions. Form and Function A Contribution to the History of Animal Morphology It was felt by some that natural selection alone was not adequate to explain the first steps in the origin of genera, families, orders, classes, and branches or phyla. Lamarck, the Founder of Evolution His Life and Work A unique characteristic of this phylum is the presence of a proboscis enclosed in a rhynchocoel. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z Or, briefly stated, ontogenesis, or the embryonic development of the individual, is a brief recapitulation of phylogenesis, or the ancestral development of the phylum or group. The Whence and the Whither of Man A Brief History of His Origin and Development through Conformity to Environment; Being the Morse Lectures of 1895 And what is true of the whole is true also of the subdivisions within each phylum; e.g., within the vertebrate phylum with its fishes, amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals. Naturalism And Religion The archetype of the genus, family, order, class and phylum was thus conceived to have had at some past time a real existence. Form and Function A Contribution to the History of Animal Morphology There is no doubt that the phylum of Angiosperms has not sprung from that of Gymnosperms. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 2, Part 1, Slice 1 The development of a closed circulatory system derived from the coelom is a significant difference seen in this species compared to other pseudocoelomate phyla. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z The phylum of the Vertebrata is the most interesting of all, and is admirably discussed by Professor Haeckel. Critiques and Addresses In accordance with the phylum or race; racially. Youth: Its Education, Regimen, and Hygiene The first included the Protozoa, the second the Cœlenterata, the third the other five phyla, distinguished by the possession of a third layer, the mesoderm, and a "blood-lymph" cavity enclosed therein. Form and Function A Contribution to the History of Animal Morphology In recent zoological classification the animal world is divided into twelve stems or phyla, and these are broadly sub-divided into about sixty classes, and these classes into at least 300 orders. The Evolution of Man — Volume 2 Alimentary, nervous, and excretory systems are more developed in the nemertini than in less advanced phyla. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z The first three of these are still retained, and may be conceived as natural phylogenetic unities, as stems or phyla in the sense of the theory of descent. The Evolution of Man — Volume 1 The bird "phylum" was struthious, and wings grew out of rudimentary forelimbs. Life and Letters of Thomas Henry Huxley — Volume 1 In other respects Sedgwick's speculations link on more closely to the Gastræa theory, for one of his main contentions is that the blastopore or Urmund is homologous throughout at least the three metameric phyla. Form and Function A Contribution to the History of Animal Morphology As far back as the record extends they show no sign of becoming merged with other phyla in any synthetic group. Darwin and Modern Science The name of the phylum is derived from the Latin word annellus, which means a small ring. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z It is there that the traces of ancestral experience are stored so that almost nothing that was ever essential in the development of the phylum is ever entirely lost. The Journal of Abnormal Psychology, Volume 10 The deuterostomes, whose name translates as “second mouth,” consist of two phyla: Chordata and Echinodermata. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z The determination to link together all the main phyla of the animal kingdom and to force them all into a single mould was common to evolutionary and pre-evolutionary transcendentalists alike. Form and Function A Contribution to the History of Animal Morphology From the Wasatch onward, the development of many phyla may be traced in almost unbroken continuity, though from time to time the record is somewhat obscured by migrations from the Old World and South America. Darwin and Modern Science Animals in this phylum show parasitic and commensal symbioses with other species in their habitat. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z The most conspicuous and familiar members of Chordata are vertebrates, but this phylum also includes two groups of invertebrate chordates. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z In contrast, other animal phyla are characterized by solid nerve cords that are located either ventrally or laterally. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z Nor is this hiatus confined to the Molluscan phylum; it is the same for all branches of the animal kingdom. Form and Function A Contribution to the History of Animal Morphology It has, however, been held that certain other Cryptogamic phyla had a common origin with the Ferns. Darwin and Modern Science Approximately 16,500 species have been described in phylum Annelida. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z However, molecular evidence has revealed that arthropods are actually more closely related to nematodes, now comprising the ecdysozoan clade, and annelids are more closely related to mollusks, brachiopods, and other phyla in the lophotrochozoan clade. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z These acoel flatworms were long thought to belong to the phylum Platyhelminthes because of their similar “flatworm” morphology. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z In spite of the efforts of the evolutionists, as of those of the transcendentalists, the phyla or "types" remained distinct, or at best connected by the most general of bonds. Form and Function A Contribution to the History of Animal Morphology In spite of their high development in past ages the Lycopods, recent and fossil, constitute, on the whole, a homogeneous group, and there is little at present to connect them with other phyla. Darwin and Modern Science The most conspicuous and familiar members of Chordata are vertebrates, but this phylum also includes two groups of invertebrate chordates. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z Most species of phylum Nemertea are marine, predominantly benthic or bottom dwellers, with an estimated 900 species known. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z Animals in phylum Nemertea show a flattened morphology, that is, they are flat from front to back, like a flattened tube. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z This phylum is also distinct in that some members exhibit a calcareous shell as an external means of protection. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z Within the phylum, traditional classification is based on mouthparts, number of appendages, and modifications of appendages present. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z
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