| 单词 | phenol |
| 例句 | The phenol is still sitting there where Engel left it, but I do not think they are going to use it. Code Name Verity 2012-05-15T00:00:00Z As we have seen in the preceding chapter, many of the chlorinated hydrocarbons, the phenols, and some herbicides interfere with oxidation and energy production within the cell. Silent Spring 1962-09-27T00:00:00Z While the results of weed killers such as sodium arsenite or the phenols are grossly obvious, some other herbicides are more insidious in their effects. Silent Spring 1962-09-27T00:00:00Z Plants treated with various phenols suffered profound destruction of chromosomes, changes in genes, a striking number of mutations, “irreversible hereditary changes.” Silent Spring 1962-09-27T00:00:00Z The phenols, as we have seen, have a strong effect on metabolism, causing a potentially fatal rise in temperature; this is brought about by the “racing engine” effect of uncoupling. Silent Spring 1962-09-27T00:00:00Z They did not appear to be gloved, so perhaps they are not here to administer the phenol. Code Name Verity 2012-05-15T00:00:00Z Over time, the phenols in the wine evolve. The difference a few years can make in the life of a wine 2017-02-11T05:00:00Z The absent imageis bound to his canvas by egg whites,resin, phenol formaldehyde, and locked into his quick brush strokeis a horse hair. Poetry workshop: a rectangular frame 2010-05-24T15:22:00Z Those molecules then break down further and react with one another creating new flavor compounds, like phenols and esters. Dorie Greenspan's magically caramel-y chocolate chip cookie 2022-05-15T04:00:00Z They found sulfur-containing compounds, thiophenols, in the smoke-impacted wine and determined they contributed to the ashy flavor, along with “volatile phenols,” which Australian researchers identified as factors more than a decade ago. Wildfires can make your red wine taste like an ashtray. These scientists want to stop that 2023-09-28T04:00:00Z It produces phenol, a toxic chemical precursor, and is often belching noxious fumes into the air. Will war come to a town called New York in Ukraine? 2022-02-22T05:00:00Z Dr. Bay wondered if the ink could be created from other bacteria such as Pseudomonas putida, which can clean up the toxin phenol. This Ink Is Alive and Made Entirely of Microbes 2021-11-23T05:00:00Z More than 60,000 people were killed there by being given lethal injections of gasoline or phenol directly to their hearts, or being shot or starved. Ex-secretary of Nazi camp commander goes on trial in Germany 2021-09-29T04:00:00Z Grapes are damaged when volatile phenols released by burning wood are absorbed at a higher-than-usual levels and the flavor is affected. Disaster aid bill would compensate farmers for grape crops damaged by wildfires 2021-09-21T04:00:00Z Wildfires burn lignin in trees and produce volatile phenols that can be toxic to plants. Wildfire smoke ruins taste of some wines 2021-09-10T04:00:00Z But instead of a dramatic Manhattan skyline, this town is dominated by an old phenol factory and Communist-era apartment blocks, and scarred by defensive trenches dug through deserted streets. New York on Ukraine's frontline: parliament backs town's name change 2021-07-02T04:00:00Z Hercules used a section of the site to produce phenol and acetone. Chemical company to pay $11M for cleanup of toxic site 2020-09-30T04:00:00Z The issue comes down to compounds called volatile phenols, which are released when wood burns and can be absorbed by grapes, Oberholster said. Wildfires taint West Coast vineyards with taste of smoke 2020-09-24T04:00:00Z More than 60,000 people were killed there by being given lethal injections of gasoline or phenol directly to their hearts, shot or starved. Verdict due in German trial of former Nazi SS camp guard 2020-07-23T04:00:00Z But during fermentation, yeast enzymes can break these bonds, releasing the phenols once more and causing an ashy, smoky finish to wines. Wildfire smoke ruins taste of some wines 2021-09-10T04:00:00Z At that time, the camphor and phenol were in the form of a powder designed to treat wounds and other skin lesions. Mysterious white spots from Campho-Phenique 2020-07-02T04:00:00Z Then, when the grapes ferment into wine, these scentless phenol glycosides get re-transformed into their normal forms, which smell smoky once again. A vintner’s horror movie nightmare: The smoke is coming from inside the grapes 2019-01-04T05:00:00Z It wasn’t possible to identify potentially problematic wines by the high tyramine or phenol levels of the grapes or the amount of time they spent in particular barrels or even their respective histamine levels. Is Red Wine Really the Cause of That Headache? 2019-01-03T05:00:00Z As the trial opened last week, prosecutor Andreas Brendel detailed how prisoners were killed by being given lethal injections of gasoline or phenol directly to their hearts, shot or starved. Former SS guard testifies he was aware of camp conditions 2018-11-13T05:00:00Z The process of binding phenols to sugars is surprisingly quick — an hour or two of exposure can result in smoke taint, Wilkinson says. Wildfire smoke ruins taste of some wines 2021-09-10T04:00:00Z Bayer’s Campho-Phenique Pain & Itch Relief still contains camphor and phenol along with inactive ingredients: colloidal silicon dioxide, eucalyptus oil, glycerin and light mineral oil. Mysterious white spots from Campho-Phenique 2020-07-02T04:00:00Z Bakelite – a fully synthetic material that used phenol, a chemical left over from the process of turning crude oil or coal into petrol, as its starting point – is hard, shiny and brightly coloured. The plastic backlash: what's behind our sudden rage – and will it make a difference? 2018-11-13T05:00:00Z Stutthof prisoners were killed in a gas chamber, with deadly injections of gasoline or phenol directly to their hearts, shot, starved and even forced outside in winter without clothes until they died of exposure. Stutthof Nazi camp guard going on trial in Germany 2018-10-05T04:00:00Z When mice and other rodents are exposed to cedar mulch, chips, or shavings, the toxic phenols are absorbed through the respiratory tract and enter the blood system, fatally damaging the liver. Control pests naturally with cedar | Provided by Issaquah Cedar and Lumber 2018-09-05T04:00:00Z Even after the skins are removed, as in the process of making white wines, sugar-bound phenols in the flesh of grapes can prove problematic. Wildfire smoke ruins taste of some wines 2021-09-10T04:00:00Z Firefighters were called to the clinic Tuesday after phenol spilled in an exam room. Chicago-area medical clinic reopens after chemical spill 2018-03-28T04:00:00Z This made logistical sense: these companies already supplied the raw material for plastic, in the form of phenol and naphtha, byproducts from their existing petroleum operations. The plastic backlash: what's behind our sudden rage – and will it make a difference? 2018-11-13T05:00:00Z Berwyn firefighters were called Tuesday to JenCare Senior Medical Center after phenol - a chemical substance used in certain medical treatments and to kill bacteria - spilled in an exam room. Chemical spill at medical clinic hospitalizes 15 2018-03-27T04:00:00Z Use fresh, untreated cedar, as most any stain, paint or waterproofing sealant will seal in the phenols that repel pests. Control pests naturally with cedar | Provided by Issaquah Cedar and Lumber 2018-09-05T04:00:00Z Volatile phenols begin to decompose in the atmosphere within a day, reducing the risk of taint. Wildfire smoke ruins taste of some wines 2021-09-10T04:00:00Z Berwyn firefighters were called Tuesday to JenCare Senior Medical Center after phenol — a chemical substance used in certain medical treatments and to kill bacteria — spilled in an exam room. Chemical spill at medical clinic hospitalizes 15 2018-03-27T04:00:00Z The grid cleaned up a solution of phenol in about six days. Material Made of Microbes Churns Out Molecules on Demand 2017-12-01T05:00:00Z The most widely used herbicides are 2,4-D, 2,4,5-T, and related members of what is known as the phenol group. Silent Spring—I 2017-01-03T05:00:00Z The $10.6 billion steel complex owned by Formosa Plastics Group discharged toxins such as cyanide and phenol that exceeded allowable limits during a test run in April last year. Vietnam maintains ban on deep-water fishing in polluted area 2017-05-17T04:00:00Z If wines naturally contain the same phenols that smoke carries, is there a tipping point at which the concentration of these flavors makes the product unacceptable to a consumer? Wildfire smoke ruins taste of some wines 2021-09-10T04:00:00Z Dr. Schattner, a onetime chemistry major at City College of New York, began to experiment with phenol, a mild anesthetic. Robert I. Schattner, inventor of Chloraseptic sore-throat spray, dies at 91 2017-02-05T05:00:00Z The researchers highlighted 45 toxic chemicals in indoor dust, 10 of which were present in 90% or more of the dust samples – these included flame retardants, fragrances and phenols. Toxic chemicals in household dust linked to cancer and infertility 2016-09-14T04:00:00Z The rest of the phenols may be equally dangerous. Silent Spring—I 2017-01-03T05:00:00Z Veins leap from the cadaver’s temple, and the stretching skin changes from flesh-toned to purple to patches of ghostly white, bleaching from a chemical called phenol. The Secret Lives of Cadavers 2016-07-29T04:00:00Z The segment also produces ammonium-sulfate fertilizers and chemical intermediates, such as phenol and acetone. Honeywell to Spin Off Its Resins and Chemicals Business 2016-05-12T04:00:00Z The court cited a 2012 inspection of a Samsung chip factory initiated by South Korea's labor ministry, which found a low level of formaldehyde, a known carcinogen, and phenol, a known promotor of tumors. A court said Friday that exposure to carcinogens at a Samsung chip factory caused a worker's ovarian cancer in the first ruling in South Korea to link the disease with chemicals that chip workers were exposed to 2016-01-29T05:00:00Z These synthetic phenols are derived from coal tar, benzene and petroleum. What Are We Feeding Our Children? 2015-12-30T05:00:00Z Robusta coffee contains higher concentrations of phenols, pyrroles, and sulfur compounds, leading to a flavour unflatteringly described as harsh and rubbery. A chemistry teacher's guide to the perfect cup of coffee 2015-10-23T04:00:00Z The effect of wine on cholesterol levels was greater for the red wine, and she credits substances known as phenols. Daily Glass of Wine May Boost Type 2 Diabetics' Heart Health 2015-10-12T04:00:00Z It alleged that the air near the plant was contaminated with cumene, or isopropylbenzene, a colorless liquid used mainly to produce phenol and acetone. Russia's environmental watchdog blames Moscow refinery for air pollution 2014-11-11T05:00:00Z Apples are heart-healthy, too, as they contain soluble fibers and phenols, which help reduce cholesterol levels. Why You Should Eat an Apple (or Two) a Day 2012-10-18T12:45:00Z Both studies also found that organic produce contained more of the compounds known as phenols, believed to help prevent cancer and other diseases. News Analysis: Stanford Organic Food Study and Vagaries of Meta-Analyses 2012-10-15T18:15:08Z The new study found that compounds similar to BPA – other phenols, often in products such as sunscreens or soaps – were not linked to obesity in the children. Chemical BPA Linked to Obesity in Children 2012-09-18T19:15:00.207Z The organic produce also contained more compounds known as phenols, believed to help prevent cancer, than conventional produce. Study Questions Advantages of Organic Meat and Produce 2012-09-03T21:23:43Z In external, inoculated cases the wounded tissues should be early destroyed by potent caustics—fuming nitric acid, corrosive sublimate, iodized phenol, chlorine, sulphate of copper, carbolic acid, or the hot iron. A System of Practical Medicine by American Authors, Vol. I Volume 1: Pathology and General Diseases 2012-03-17T02:00:54.097Z The fruit’s placenta contains high levels of sucrose and phenols, which are good antifreeze agents. New Life, From an Arctic Flower That Died 32,000 Years Ago 2012-02-20T20:05:20Z But the Stanford study questioned whether the phenol increase was real, because the magnitude of the increase varied widely among studies. News Analysis: Stanford Organic Food Study and Vagaries of Meta-Analyses 2012-10-15T18:15:08Z Thy′mol, an antiseptic phenol, obtained from oil of thyme by distillation.—adj. Chambers's Twentieth Century Dictionary (part 4 of 4: S-Z and supplements) 2012-01-30T03:00:19.113Z The treatment is swabbing with iodized phenol or curettage. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 12, Slice 7 "Gyantse" to "Hallel" 2011-12-26T03:00:11.613Z After the caustic has done its work the eschar may be softened and its separation favored by a warm poultice containing a small amount of carbolic acid or iodized phenol. A System of Practical Medicine by American Authors, Vol. I Volume 1: Pathology and General Diseases 2012-03-17T02:00:54.097Z Later, test results of the area commissioned by Range Resources revealed the presence of acetone, toluene, benzene, phenol, arsenic, barium, heavy metals and methane. The Fracturing of Pennsylvania 2011-11-18T23:20:16Z Similar effects have been observed on the addition of this salt to phenol and other disinfectants. Chlorination of Water 2011-09-13T02:00:32.243Z We therefore concluded that three phenol:chloroform steps were sufficient to remove any impurities. [Technical Response] Response to Comments on ?A Bacterium That Can Grow Using Arsenic Instead of Phosphorus? 2011-06-02T18:25:46.820Z As it turned out, the plastic Leo Baekeland invented by combining formaldehyde with phenol, a waste product of coal, and subjecting the mixture to heat and pressure was infinitely more versatile than shellac. A Brief History of Plastic's Conquest of the World 2011-05-29T14:15:02.467Z The plant produces phenol, which is used in resins, nylon fibers and solvents, as well as acetone, which is used in plastics, signs, plexiglass and paints. UPDATE 1-Sunoco to sell Philadelphia site to Honeywell 2011-05-18T13:26:16Z Only on Feb. 1, when he ordered phenol, his last ingredient, did Aldawsari trip an alarm. How the G-Man Got His Groove Back 2011-04-28T08:35:00Z Picric acid is made from phenol or carbolic acid. The New Gresham Encyclopedia Volume 4, Part 3: Estremoz to Felspar 2011-04-14T02:00:59.373Z He recommended that yeast should be purified by cultivating it in a solution of sugar containing tartaric acid, or, in wort containing a small quantity of phenol. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 10, Slice 3 "Fenton, Edward" to "Finistere" 2011-03-14T03:01:00.580Z The leaves and stems of this dense shrub contain toxic chemicals including 'free' phenols and diterpenes that are unpalatable to native animals. Plant threat to National Parks 2011-03-01T14:38:04Z On Feb. 12, the affidavit says, he e-mailed himself procedures for extracting phenol from aspirin. Saudi Student to Be Arraigned in Bomb Plot 2011-02-25T16:59:14Z The chemical phenol appeared to be the last element in a potential bomb, officials said. FBI: Saudi student bought materials for bomb, considered Bush home as target 2011-02-24T19:58:05Z The phenol is sulphonated with strong sulphuric acid, and the phenol-sulphonic acid resulting is nitrated with strong nitric acid at about 100� C. Picric acid separates, and is washed free from mineral acid and dried. The New Gresham Encyclopedia Volume 4, Part 3: Estremoz to Felspar 2011-04-14T02:00:59.373Z A vaseline ointment containing 5% of phenol makes a good dressing for an ulcer of the leg, and produces no irritant effect, but a 5% aqueous solution may be both caustic and toxic. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 9, Slice 3 "Electrostatics" to "Engis" 2011-02-06T03:00:53.093Z The colour obtained varies according to the particular diazo compound, as well as the amine or phenol employed, β-naphthol being the most useful among the latter. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 8, Slice 8 "Dubner" to "Dyeing" 2010-12-26T03:00:17.840Z Plum and Fig Crumble With Quinoa-Oat Topping: Use sweet plums, rich in phenols and vitamins, in this colorful crumble. Crisp Fall Desserts (Without the Gluten) 2010-10-08T16:27:00Z Aldawsari was arrested after he attempted to purchase over the Internet the chemical phenol, a key ingredient in the explosive TNP. FBI: Saudi student bought materials for bomb, considered Bush home as target 2011-02-24T19:58:05Z It may also be made from benzene without converting it into phenol thus: The benzene is chlorinated and gives chlorbenzene. The New Gresham Encyclopedia Volume 4, Part 3: Estremoz to Felspar 2011-04-14T02:00:59.373Z However, some smaller companies offer products that meet EPA standards without resorting to ingredients some environmentalists find troubling, such as sodium hypochlorite, phenols and quaternary amines, or "quats." Green Lantern: Choosing kitchen disinfectants 2009-11-03T05:00:00Z The same coloured precipitates are produced upon the cotton fibre if the material is first impregnated with an alkaline solution of the phenol, then dried and passed into a cold solution of the diazo solution. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 8, Slice 8 "Dubner" to "Dyeing" 2010-12-26T03:00:17.840Z While the different wood tars contain numerous aromatic compounds, such as phenols, phenyl oxides, terpenes and organic acids, these are present in such a slight proportion so as to render their effectiveness practically useless. Soap-Making Manual A Practical Handbook on the Raw Materials, Their Manipulation, Analysis and Control in the Modern Soap Plant. A similar demonstration may be made by allowing drops of acid to diffuse through solutions of gelatine made slightly alkaline and coloured with phenol phthalein. The Mechanism of Life Formerly this was done by means of an organic solvent, but this dangerous and expensive method has been displaced by treatment either with phenol or sodium sulphite, which gives a grade 1 product. The New Gresham Encyclopedia Volume 4, Part 3: Estremoz to Felspar 2011-04-14T02:00:59.373Z It may, of course, be chemical, but it looks as if it were organic, since it resists cold, although not heat, and can be destroyed by phenol, toluol, and other antiseptics. The Social Gangster The developing process consists in working the diazotized material for 5 to 10 minutes in a cold solution of the necessary phenol, and finally washing with water. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 8, Slice 8 "Dubner" to "Dyeing" 2010-12-26T03:00:17.840Z These substances impart more odor to the soap and really have more disinfecting powers than phenol when incorporated with soap. Soap-Making Manual A Practical Handbook on the Raw Materials, Their Manipulation, Analysis and Control in the Modern Soap Plant. Several glass plates are prepared, by spreading on each a solution of gelatine of different concentration, to which a few drops of phenol phthalein have been added. The Mechanism of Life The different organic constituents of glucosides are of a great variety of types, such as phenols, alcohols, aldehydes, acids, oxyflavone derivatives, mustard oils, etc. The Chemistry of Plant Life The alkaline solution, on being drawn off and made acid, yields its mixture of phenols in the form of a dark oil from which carbolic acid is separated by a laborious series of fractional distillations. Coal and What We Get from It Some Direct Colours, indeed, are of little value, owing, for example, to their sensibility to acids, until they have been diazotized and developed, the usual developers being β-naphthol, resorcinol, phenol and phenylene-diamine. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 8, Slice 8 "Dubner" to "Dyeing" 2010-12-26T03:00:17.840Z Iodphenol is obtained by the action of iodine and iodic acid on phenol dissolved in a dilute solution of caustic potash. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 5, Slice 3 "Capefigue" to "Carneades" In medicine it is used as an antiseptic, being more active than phenol. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 5, Slice 2 "Camorra" to "Cape Colony" Included in this general class are compounds having a great variety of chemical structures; e.g., hydrocarbons, alcohols, phenols, organic sulfides and sulfocyanides, etc. The Chemistry of Plant Life Among the compounds associated with the carbolic acid are certain phenols of higher boiling-point, which bear the same relationship to carbolic acid that toluene bears to benzene. Coal and What We Get from It The dyed colour here plays the part of a phenol or amine, and reacts with the diazo compound to produce a new colour. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 8, Slice 8 "Dubner" to "Dyeing" 2010-12-26T03:00:17.840Z Nitro-phenols are readily obtained by the action of nitric acid on phenol. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 5, Slice 3 "Capefigue" to "Carneades" "Would it be possible that Harrison started with a multi-ringed phenol?" he asked. Wait for Weight The oxygenated essential oils may be either alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, acids, esters, or phenols, derived from either five-membered or six-membered closed-ring hydrocarbons. The Chemistry of Plant Life In 1860 Kolbe prepared the sodium salt of this acid by passing carbon dioxide gas into phenol in which metallic sodium had been dissolved. Coal and What We Get from It Replacement of -NH2 by -OH:—The amine is diazotized and the aqueous solution of the diazonium salt is heated, nitrogen being eliminated and a phenol formed. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 8, Slice 4 "Diameter" to "Dinarchus" The hydrogen of the hydroxyl group in phenol can be replaced by metals, by alkyl groups and by acid radicals. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 5, Slice 3 "Capefigue" to "Carneades" It can also be prepared by heating a mixture of phenol and malic acid with sulphuric acid, or by passing bromine vapour at 107� C. over the anhydride of melilotic acid. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 7, Slice 6 "Coucy-le-Château" to "Crocodile" Camphor, C10H16O, is a ketone, having the following structural formula: There are a considerable number of essential oils which are phenols. The Chemistry of Plant Life This is a phenol derivative, and was first obtained as long ago as 1771 by Woulfe, by acting upon indigo with nitric acid. Coal and What We Get from It This tar contains very little aromatic hydrocarbons, and the phenols are of quite a different character from those obtained in the working of gas-tar. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 6, Slice 5 "Clervaux" to "Cockade" When heated with aniline it yields phenol and acetanilide. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 5, Slice 3 "Capefigue" to "Carneades" Polymethylenes can give only secondary and tertiary alcohols, benzene only tertiary; these latter compounds are known as phenols. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 6, Slice 1 "Châtelet" to "Chicago" The following mono-carboxyl acid derivatives of these phenols are, however, found both free and in glucoside formation as constituents of many of the common tannins. The Chemistry of Plant Life Other dyes derived directly or indirectly from phenol will take us back once again to toluene. Coal and What We Get from It The phenols, especially the carbolic acid, are among the more valuable constituents of coal-tar. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 6, Slice 5 "Clervaux" to "Cockade" The alkyl derivatives may be obtained by heating phenol with one molecular proportion of a caustic alkali and of an alkyl iodide. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 5, Slice 3 "Capefigue" to "Carneades" A notable example is provided by the phthaleins, which result by the condensation of phthalic anhydride with phenols. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 6, Slice 1 "Châtelet" to "Chicago" The spray had the biting smell of phenol. The Hate Disease The phenols of naphthalene are called naphthols—they bear the same relationship to naphthalene that carbolic acid bears to benzene. Coal and What We Get from It The oil is mixed with dilute caustic soda solution, and the solution of phenols thus obtained is worked up with that obtained from the next fractions. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 6, Slice 5 "Clervaux" to "Cockade" It is a colourless liquid, which possesses a very disagreeable smell, and boils at 168� C. Various methods have been devised for the quantitative determination of phenol. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 5, Slice 3 "Capefigue" to "Carneades" A too free application of tar mixtures and other preparations containing phenols is liable to cause poisoning; hence care should be observed in this regard. Special Report on Diseases of Cattle The indifferent portion was found to contain about 50 percent furfuryl alcohol, together with a number of phenols. All About Coffee Owing to the structure of the naphthalene molecule there are two isomeric naphthols, whereas there is only one phenol. Coal and What We Get from It This is caused by the combined water splitting off from the bases and phenols and causing slight explosions in the tar. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 6, Slice 5 "Clervaux" to "Cockade" The solution is then acidified, and the phenols are liberated and form an oily layer on the surface of the acid. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 5, Slice 3 "Capefigue" to "Carneades" Test for phenol in the following manner: 2. The Elements of Bacteriological Technique A Laboratory Guide for Medical, Dental, and Technical Students. Second Edition Rewritten and Enlarged. Oxyazo Compounds.—The oxyazo compounds are prepared by adding a solution of a diazonium salt to a cold slightly alkaline solution of a phenol. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 3, Part 1, Slice 1 "Austria, Lower" to "Bacon" Ethers of salicylic acid and its homologues, prepared from these acids and phenol, naphthols, &c., are in use as antiseptics under the general designation of “salols.” Coal and What We Get from It Some water is chemically combined with the bases, phenols, &c., and this, of course, cannot be removed by mechanical means, but splits off only during the distillation itself, when a certain temperature has been reached. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 6, Slice 5 "Clervaux" to "Cockade" In order to obtain the phenol from this distillate, it is treated with caustic soda, which dissolves the phenol and its homologues together with a certain quantity of naphthalene and other hydrocarbons. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 5, Slice 3 "Capefigue" to "Carneades" Note.—If both indol and phenol appear to be present in cultivations of the same organism, it is well to separate them before testing. The Elements of Bacteriological Technique A Laboratory Guide for Medical, Dental, and Technical Students. Second Edition Rewritten and Enlarged. To prevent this the dilutions must be sterilized through heat and be kept under cotton batting or be prepared with a 5 per cent. phenol solution which is much simpler. Prof. Koch's Method to Cure Tuberculosis Popularly Treated Carbolic acid or phenol belongs to a class of compounds derived from hydrocarbons of the benzene and related series by the substitution of the residue of water for hydrogen. Coal and What We Get from It I remember, many, many years ago, answering the phone, Cliff Norbright—great chemist—telling me he had smelled phenol when he heated ethylene chlorohydrin in the presence of holmium-treated silica gel in a test tube. The Professional Approach This layer is separated, and the phenol recovered by a process of fractional distillation. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 5, Slice 3 "Capefigue" to "Carneades" Weigh out 1 gramme pure phenol and dissolve in the medium. The Elements of Bacteriological Technique A Laboratory Guide for Medical, Dental, and Technical Students. Second Edition Rewritten and Enlarged. A still better dressing is made with 1 ounce vaseline, 2 drams oxid of zinc, and 20 drops iodized phenol. Special Report on Diseases of the Horse Carbolic acid or phenol is hydroxybenzene; and all analogous compounds are spoken of as “phenols.” Coal and What We Get from It That's what my inventor smelled; there never was any phenol in the test tube. The Professional Approach Several of these, notably pyridine, phenol and nitrobenzene, cause considerable swelling and gelatinisation of the fibres, but without solution. Researches on Cellulose 1895-1900 In pursuing this line of investigation, it is convenient to compare the efficiency, under laboratory conditions, of the proposed disinfectant with that of some standard germicide, such as pure phenol. The Elements of Bacteriological Technique A Laboratory Guide for Medical, Dental, and Technical Students. Second Edition Rewritten and Enlarged. Locally a strong solution of iron, alum, or of sulphate of iron and laudanum may be used; or the affected part may be painted with tincture of muriate of iron or with iodized phenol. Special Report on Diseases of the Horse It will be understood in future that a phenol is a hydroxy-derivative of a benzenoid hydrocarbon. Coal and What We Get from It It turned out that the man at the next bench had spilled a little phenol on the bench top. The Professional Approach The products are phenol and pyrocatechol, with some quantity of an amorphous product probably formed by condensation of a quinone with the phenolic products of reaction. Researches on Cellulose 1895-1900 Today it is almost impossible to secure phenol, certainly in any considerable quantities, and it is almost as difficult to secure sulphuric acid and nitric acid. New York Times Current History; The European War, Vol 2, No. 5, August, 1915 The addition of cinnamon leaf oil which has a specific gravity at 15° C. of 1.044-1.065 is detected by causing a material rise in the proportion of phenols. The Handbook of Soap Manufacture Now these phenols are all more or less acid in character by virtue of the hydroxyl-group which they contain. Coal and What We Get from It Those which are obtained from phenols are of the first importance. The Dyeing of Cotton Fabrics A Practical Handbook for the Dyer and Student The process was carried out comparatively with ordinary preparations, and with specially pure preparations of the phenol. Researches on Cellulose 1895-1900 This compound, sometimes known as phenol, occurs in coal tar, and is also prepared from benzene. An Elementary Study of Chemistry Oils with less than 88 per cent. phenols will be found somewhat weak in odour. The Handbook of Soap Manufacture It should be added that the phenol used must be of the greatest possible purity, and the requirements of the surgeon have been met by chemical and technological skill. Coal and What We Get from It The amido-azo bodies, whose compounds with the phenols are also distinguished by their great fastness, are in this respect an exception. The Dyeing of Cotton Fabrics A Practical Handbook for the Dyer and Student This paper is the most complete investigation yet published of the now well-known method of precipitating and estimating furfural in acid solution by means of the trihydric phenol. Researches on Cellulose 1895-1900 But we have coal-tar colours which are not basic, but rather of the nature of acid,—a better term would be phenolic, or of the nature of phenol or carbolic acid. The Chemistry of Hat Manufacturing Lectures Delivered Before the Hat Manufacturers' Association The white thyme oil is produced by rectifying the red oil, which is generally effected at the expense of a considerable reduction in phenol content, and hence in real odour value of the oil. The Handbook of Soap Manufacture The observation was followed up, and many other chemists obtained red colouring-matters by the oxidation of crude phenol. Coal and What We Get from It Now the diazo compounds are rather unstable bodies, but they have a great affinity for other compounds, such as naphthol, phenylene diamine, phenol, and combine easily with them when brought into contact with them. The Dyeing of Cotton Fabrics A Practical Handbook for the Dyer and Student As stated it is soluble in certain of the ordinary solvents of the cellulose esters, e.g. chloroform, acetic acid, nitrobenzene, pyridine, and phenol. Researches on Cellulose 1895-1900 You can easily prove this by dropping carbolic acid or phenol down a red-hot tube filled with iron-borings. The Chemistry of Hat Manufacturing Lectures Delivered Before the Hat Manufacturers' Association From the volume of oil dissolved the percentage of phenols is readily calculated. The Handbook of Soap Manufacture Salicylic acid possesses the characters both of an acid and a phenol. Coal and What We Get from It It is dissolved in caustic soda, 10 lb. phenol, 15 lb. caustic soda lye of 70° Tw., and 60 gallons of water. The Dyeing of Cotton Fabrics A Practical Handbook for the Dyer and Student Two of them, I am sure, you've met before, phenol, which is common carbolic acid, and naphthalene, which we use for mothballs. Creative Chemistry Descriptive of Recent Achievements in the Chemical Industries But there is another hydrocarbon called naphthalene, C10H8, and this forms not one, but two phenols. The Chemistry of Hat Manufacturing Lectures Delivered Before the Hat Manufacturers' Association The volume of separated phenols is observed and stated in percentage on the soap taken. The Handbook of Soap Manufacture Similarly, the replacement of hydrogen by a water-residue, hydroxyl, gives rise to a phenol. Coal and What We Get from It Practically the only phenol that is used is the beta-naphthol; alpha-naphthol is occasionally used, but not often. The Dyeing of Cotton Fabrics A Practical Handbook for the Dyer and Student This threatened not only to afflict us with headaches by depriving us of aspirin but also to removed the consolation of music, for phenol is used in making phonographic records. Creative Chemistry Descriptive of Recent Achievements in the Chemical Industries Let us see what phenol or carbolic acid is. The Chemistry of Hat Manufacturing Lectures Delivered Before the Hat Manufacturers' Association In the same manner I treated the acicular leaves, and portions of the stem separately, both being previously cut up into small pieces, and from both I obtained phenol. Scientific American Supplement, No. 443, June 28, 1884 Resorcinol is a phenolic derivative of benzene containing two hydroxyl groups; it is therefore related to phenol in the same way that diamidobenzene is related to aniline or phthalic acid to benzoic acid. Coal and What We Get from It The molecular weights of the bases, phenols and chemicals employed are the following:— 1. The Dyeing of Cotton Fabrics A Practical Handbook for the Dyer and Student Mr. Edison with his accustomed energy put up a factory within a few weeks for the manufacture of synthetic phenol. Creative Chemistry Descriptive of Recent Achievements in the Chemical Industries Well, carbolic acid or phenol is a derivative of water, or a derivative of benzene, just as you like, and it is formulated C6H5OH. The Chemistry of Hat Manufacturing Lectures Delivered Before the Hat Manufacturers' Association All these reactions show that the phenol occurs in the free state in the cones of this plant. Scientific American Supplement, No. 443, June 28, 1884 Baeyer, the eminent chemist who subsequently synthesised indigo, published the first of a series of investigations describing the compounds produced by heating phthalic anhydride with phenols. Coal and What We Get from It The solar surface of the foot is first thoroughly cleansed, the puncture wound is enlarged in the nonsensitive structures and the parts are then moistened with phenol or other suitable antiseptics. Lameness of the Horse Veterinary Practitioners' Series, No. 1 For instance, let us start with phenol, the ill-smelling and poisonous carbolic acid of disagreeable associations and evil fame. Creative Chemistry Descriptive of Recent Achievements in the Chemical Industries All the useful sources of colours and dyes from coal-tar are simply compounds of carbon and hydrogen—hydrocarbons, as they are called, with the exception of one, namely, phenol, or carbolic acid. The Chemistry of Hat Manufacturing Lectures Delivered Before the Hat Manufacturers' Association Two methods were used in the quantitative estimation of the amount of phenol. Scientific American Supplement, No. 443, June 28, 1884 This oil consists of a mixture of the higher homologues of phenol with various hydrocarbons and basic compounds. Coal and What We Get from It Remove pack, and once daily afterwards wipe off with cotton the secretion which accumulates on the outside, and apply a dry dressing or healing oil composed of phenol, camphor gum and olive oil. Lameness of the Horse Veterinary Practitioners' Series, No. 1 But, starting with phenol again, let us heat it with caustic alkali and chloroform. Creative Chemistry Descriptive of Recent Achievements in the Chemical Industries The valuable constituents actually extracted are then these: benzene, toluene, xylene, naphthalene, anthracene, and phenol or carbolic acid. The Chemistry of Hat Manufacturing Lectures Delivered Before the Hat Manufacturers' Association The process depends on the precipitation of phenol by a dilute aqueous solution of bromine as tribromophenol. Scientific American Supplement, No. 443, June 28, 1884 The product of photochemical decomposition no longer forms azo-colours with amines or phenols. Coal and What We Get from It The entire wound is then covered with a dusting powder composed of zinc oxide, boric acid, exsiccated alum, phenol and camphor. Lameness of the Horse Veterinary Practitioners' Series, No. 1 The two derivatives of phenol, which we are now considering, have two substituting groups. Creative Chemistry Descriptive of Recent Achievements in the Chemical Industries There are two varieties of naphthol, called alpha- and beta-naphthol, but only one phenol, namely, carbolic acid. The Chemistry of Hat Manufacturing Lectures Delivered Before the Hat Manufacturers' Association M. Chenel is perfectly satisfied with the results obtained, but he points out that the success of the operation depends upon the complete conversion of the phenol into the mono-nitro derivatives. Nitro-Explosives: A Practical Treatise Creosote - An oily liquid containing phenols and creosols, obtained from coal tar. Things To Make In the presence of a small quantity of chloroform, carbon bisulphide, salicylic acid, and apparently also phenol, nitrification entirely ceases. Scientific American Supplement, No. 470, January 3, 1885 So instead of phenol, other coal tar products such as cresol, naphthol or benzene itself may be used. Creative Chemistry Descriptive of Recent Achievements in the Chemical Industries A spray made of one-half gallon carbolic acid, one-half gallon of phenol and twenty gallons of water may be used. The Dollar Hen Among the substances that have been nitrated are:—Cellulose, under various forms, e.g., cotton, lignin, &c.; glycerine, benzene, starch, jute, sugar, phenol, wood, straw, and even such substances as treacle and horse-dung. Nitro-Explosives: A Practical Treatise More dead than alive, Des Esseintes turned about and through the round window beheld projecting erect ears, yellow teeth, nostrils from which breathed two jets of vapor smelling of phenol. Against the Grain Morphine, C17H19NO3, is a tertiary amine, and appears to contain a hydroxyl group like phenols, to which class of bodies it has some analogies, as is shown in its reaction with ferric chloride. Scientific American Supplement, No. 415, December 15, 1883 This is a name the Australians coined for synthetic resin made from phenol and formaldehyde like bakelite. Creative Chemistry Descriptive of Recent Achievements in the Chemical Industries Chloroform, ether, and phenol had been tried without success. Anomalies and Curiosities of Medicine The equation of its formation from phenol is as follows:— Nitro-Explosives: A Practical Treatise Picric acid can also be obtained from it by first treating acetylene with sulphuric acid, converting the product into phenol by solution in potash and then treating the phenol with fuming nitric acid. The Project Gutenberg Encyclopedia Volume 1 of 28 His results with phenol, thymol, and salicylic acid have been unfavorable. Scientific American Supplement, No. 344, August 5, 1882 The nitrogenous end-products and aromatic compounds are urea, uric and hippuric acids, benzoic acid and ethereal sulfates of phenol and cresol. Common Diseases of Farm Animals For such application, phenol or iodin should not be used, pure or in strong solution. Anomalies and Curiosities of Medicine The presence of nitro groups in a substance increases the difficulty of further nitration, and in any case not more than three nitro groups can be introduced into an aromatic compound, or the phenols. Nitro-Explosives: A Practical Treatise Wood creosote, it has been frequently stated, is adulterated with coal tar creosote, or phenol. Scientific American Supplement, No. 363, December 16, 1882 The author concludes that amounts of chloroform, phenol, and creosote, varying from ¼ to 3 per cent., do not destroy bacteria, although their functional activity is decidedly arrested while in contact with these reagents. Scientific American Supplement, No. 288, July 9, 1881 Acetylene also lends itself to the synthesis of phenol or carbolic acid. Acetylene, the Principles of Its Generation and Use A Practical Handbook on the Production, Purification, and Subsequent Treatment of Acetylene for the Development of Light, Heat, and Power By treatment with ice, phenol, and opium, recovery was effected without peritonitis. Anomalies and Curiosities of Medicine Before leaving the phenols, mention must be made of the quinones, the use of which for tanning purposes was first protected by Ger. Synthetic Tannins The object of my experiments has been to prove the identity of wood creosote and its freedom from phenol. Scientific American Supplement, No. 363, December 16, 1882 This reaction, which probably may be ascribed to the account of a phenol, was absent after the recrystallization of the crystalline mass from boiling water. Scientific American Supplement, No. 288, July 9, 1881 In June, 1915, Dr. Schweitzer contracted with the selling agents of the Edison Co. for the entire surplus of phenol available for sale, offering a large cash security which was furnished by Dr. Albert. The Riddle of the Rhine; chemical strategy in peace and war The clamped vessels were now tied with catgut and the wound cleansed with phenol lotion and dressed with cyanid-gauze. Anomalies and Curiosities of Medicine Especially the first stage of the electro-osmosis produces a cathodic migration of the phenols, which may then be detected at a cathode by means of the iron and bromine reactions. Synthetic Tannins Were any phenol present in the wood creosote, the increase in the volume of the glycerine solution, if in a graduated tube, would distinctly indicate the percentage of phenol present. Scientific American Supplement, No. 363, December 16, 1882 Under the bed a deep plate full of phenol exhaled an insipid smell. Four Short Stories By Emile Zola Its purpose was to corner the immediate supplies of American phenol in order to prevent its manufacture into high explosives, including the well-known picric acid. The Riddle of the Rhine; chemical strategy in peace and war In recent years the medical profession has become well aware that in its application to wounds it is possible for carbolic acid or phenol to exercise exceedingly deleterious and even fatal consequences. Anomalies and Curiosities of Medicine Kohler mentions the death of a man suffering from scabies who had applied externally a solution containing about a half ounce of phenol. Anomalies and Curiosities of Medicine Two samples of commercial creosote which, from the low cost, were known to be of coal tar origin gave the negative tests, showing that they were phenol. Scientific American Supplement, No. 363, December 16, 1882 Taylor speaks of a man who fell unconscious ten seconds after an ounce of phenol had been ingested, and in three minutes was dead. Anomalies and Curiosities of Medicine The outbreak of war instantly stopped the entry of phenol into the country. The Riddle of the Rhine; chemical strategy in peace and war Hind mentions recovery after the ingestion of nearly six ounces of crude phenol of 14 per cent strength. Anomalies and Curiosities of Medicine There is recorded an account of a man of sixty-four who was killed by a solution containing slightly over a dram of phenol. Anomalies and Curiosities of Medicine Corroborative experiments were made by mixing 10 to 20 per cent, of phenol with samples of the beechwood creosote, but in every case each of the tests named showed the presence of the phenol. Scientific American Supplement, No. 363, December 16, 1882 A lapse of a week witnessed another contract with the Heyden Chemical Works, a branch of the German house, by which this phenol was purchased for conversion into salicylic acid and other products. The Riddle of the Rhine; chemical strategy in peace and war Large supplies were required for the production of synthetic resins, for the gramophone industry, This led to the development of a phenol industry by the Edison works, and there appeared, automatically, a phenol surplus. The Riddle of the Rhine; chemical strategy in peace and war In some cases phenol acts with a rapidity equal to any poison. Anomalies and Curiosities of Medicine As late as 1912 Germany still depended on other countries, chiefly England, for her phenol, the basic raw material for picric acid as well as a dye necessity. The Riddle of the Rhine; chemical strategy in peace and war The general sales of creosote by the pharmacist are in small quantities as a toothache remedy, and phenol has the power of coagulating albumen, which effectually relieves the suffering. Scientific American Supplement, No. 363, December 16, 1882 |
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