| 单词 | aversive |
| 例句 | “Everyone performs better when they lessen the aversive nature of their exercise,” said Dr. Katz, whose company, High Performance Associates, counsels athletes and corporate executives. Fitness: Workout Distractions: Good or Bad? 2010-03-16T21:53:00Z We procrastinate on tasks we find “difficult, unpleasant, aversive or just plain boring or stressful.” Why do we procrastinate, and how can we stop? Experts have answers. 2021-07-09T04:00:00Z Though he was careful to mention that not all the effects are negative, Dr. Morin noted, "frequently being photographed and filmed likely induces self-awareness and thus self-evaluation, self-criticism, and may lead to other aversive consequences." Motherlode Blog: Why We Should Take Fewer Pictures of Our Children 2012-10-12T15:55:46Z As this finding would indicate, many animals, including humans, find the taste of ammonium chloride to be aversive — but as the popularity of salmiak would indicate, that’s not universally the case. Scientists suggest a sixth basic taste: ammonium chloride 2023-10-30T04:00:00Z Not everybody is scared of the underground, but I would argue that many people, perhaps even most people, find the experience to one degree or other to be what psychologists call "aversive". John Lanchester rides the London Underground 2013-03-02T08:30:35Z It’s aversive therapy of the most extreme kind, which the United Nations’ special rapporteur on torture and the U.S. An electric shock therapy stops self-harm among the autistic, but at what cost? 2016-11-21T05:00:00Z Traumatised war veterans, for example, show nucleus accumbens dopamine surges when they are reminded of the sounds of battle, something they find deeply aversive. The unsexy truth about dopamine 2013-02-03T00:05:19Z The first one is associated with a state of mind that is aversive. Tell Us 5 Things About Your Book: ‘Why,’ About the Science of Curiosity 2017-07-16T04:00:00Z “There is an often-subtle difference between being aware of current events and unnecessarily exposing oneself to aversive details about them,” Lowe said. Following the news can be triggering for sexual assault survivors. Here’s how to manage it. 2020-01-28T05:00:00Z Abramowitz defines exposure as “a process where you deliberately confront anxiety-provoking situations with the goal of recognizing that those situations are not as dangerous or aversive as you expected.” Dreading post-pandemic crowds and social situations? Exposure therapy can help. 2021-04-06T04:00:00Z In 1996, Israel moved the facility to Massachusetts, having renamed it the Judge Rotenberg Center after the judge who in the 1980s allowed it to continue aversive therapy. An electric shock therapy stops self-harm among the autistic, but at what cost? 2016-11-21T05:00:00Z This may be due to a "forbidden fruit" effect, which could make potentially aversive material more tempting to viewers. Caution: Content warnings do not reduce stress, study shows 2023-10-12T04:00:00Z Favorite smells could be put in traps to lure mosquitoes away from people, for example, and aversive smells could be used as repellants. World’s largest ‘scent arena’ reveals bloody preferences of mosquitoes 2023-05-18T04:00:00Z Trying hard is costly and aversive, but it’s something humans value. The brain loves a challenge. Here’s why. 2022-09-29T04:00:00Z While researchers and trainers largely agree that punishment-heavy approaches are harmful, they are at odds whether all-out bans on aversive tools are productive, since the approach may work in limited circumstances. Punishment, puppies, and science: Bringing dog training to heel 2022-09-25T04:00:00Z He has also explored people’s subconscious views of creativity, and found that innovation is aversive in part because it can intensify feelings of uncertainty. We Have a Creativity Problem 2022-04-16T04:00:00Z They believe that the liars' gaze is aversive and furtive – in simple terms, that the person is struggling to look you in the eye. No, you can't really tell if someone is lying from their facial expressions 2022-03-13T05:00:00Z Early iterations of e-cigarettes, they could only put in small amounts of nicotine so it wouldn’t be so aversive to your lungs. Juul and the business of addiction 2021-06-29T04:00:00Z Time will tell if the aversive conditioning helps the Wapiti Pack turn the corner and act more like wild wolves. Yellowstone park hazes wolves that get used to people 2021-04-24T04:00:00Z Many trainers and animal behavior experts say that aversive methods, which include positive punishment and negative reinforcement, are overused. Punishment, puppies, and science: Bringing dog training to heel 2022-09-25T04:00:00Z “They don’t even need to see it. They’re just responding to attractive and aversive compounds.” When It Comes to Octopuses, Taste Is for Suckers 2020-10-29T04:00:00Z It appears that the acute social isolation in these mice led to an aversive "loneliness-like" state that increased motivation for social engagement. Forced Social Isolation Causes Neural Craving Similar to Hunger 2020-05-24T04:00:00Z It’s known as aversive conditioning, and the volunteers can only hope it works. Toronto Was Obeying Social Distance Rules. Then Came Adorable Baby Foxes. 2020-05-18T04:00:00Z “We have younger adults right now experiencing some degree of social isolation that they find aversive,” Hawkley said. For isolated older people, pandemic is ‘a cruel event at this time in our lives’ 2020-05-08T04:00:00Z In another, dogs reportedly trained with aversive tools were, as the researchers put it, more "pessimistic" than dogs that were not, based on their hesitation in approaching a bowl of food. Punishment, puppies, and science: Bringing dog training to heel 2022-09-25T04:00:00Z “Speculatively, it suggests that chronic social isolation might be something like long-term undernourishment, producing steady, aversive need that wears away at our well-being,” Zaki says. The Loneliness of the “Social Distancer” Triggers Brain Cravings Akin to Hunger 2020-04-02T04:00:00Z To them, the current solution is highly aversive reasons and can lead them to want to believe the problem does not exist. Why Some People Resist Advice on How to Behave in the Pandemic 2020-03-28T04:00:00Z Electric shocks and other painful treatments known as "aversive conditioning" were more widely accepted decades ago, but mainstream psychiatry now relies on behavioral modification, prescription drugs and other therapies. FDA bans electrical shock devices used for ‘aversive conditioning’ on mentally disabled patients 2020-03-04T05:00:00Z Electric shocks and other painful or unpleasant treatments known as “aversive conditioning” were more widely accepted decades ago. FDA bans shock device used on mentally disabled patients 2020-03-04T05:00:00Z The entire time I spent behind the wheel in Scotland I was suffering what psychologists call an aversive experience—that is, I was afraid for my life. A World Without Pain 2020-01-06T05:00:00Z The researchers think this pattern of brain activity disrupts transmission of aversive signals in the mPFC-dPAG circuit, reducing sensitivity to punishment. Brain Circuit Involved in Compulsive Drinking Identified in Mice 2019-11-21T05:00:00Z For the moment, the solution of being #athometogether may be aversive to some because it seems uncool—something researchers have looked into. Why Some People Resist Advice on How to Behave in the Pandemic 2020-03-28T04:00:00Z Not only did participants report becoming better able to downregulate their distress to aversive films after our training but there were also changes in their brains. Cultivating Emotion Regulation and Mental Health 2019-09-21T04:00:00Z They stimulated the olfactory receptors with light to simulate the odor of cherry blossoms, then stimulated the VTA to mimic the aversive foot shock. A Successful Artificial Memory Has Been Created 2019-08-27T04:00:00Z “This demonstrates that gulls use behavioral cues from humans when making foraging decisions in urban environments, and that they find human gaze aversive.” Want to Stop Gulls From Stealing Your Food? Stare Them Down, Study Says 2019-08-07T04:00:00Z The paper asserts that the increasing long-term use of antidepressants “has arisen in part because patients are unwilling to stop due to the aversive nature of the withdrawal syndrome.” The Challenge of Going Off Psychiatric Drugs 2019-04-01T04:00:00Z It matches suicide-related images—blood, wounds and knives—with aversive pictures of snakes, spiders, and the like. Forestalling a Fatal Decision 2019-03-26T04:00:00Z Socially aversive people certainly exist, but what about everyday saints? The Light Triad vs. Dark Triad of Personality 2019-03-24T04:00:00Z It also insisted that the use of aversive interventions was “widely accepted by professionals as necessary”. 'It's torture': critics step up bid to stop US school using electric shocks on children 2018-11-16T05:00:00Z They called this an “aversive learning task” and used it to measure how people with varying levels of anxiety navigate unsavory situations. Is Chronic Anxiety a Learning Disorder? 2018-10-11T04:00:00Z But among the expelled or suspended students, it was the aversive pictures that impaired performance. Sex, Drugs and Self-Control 2018-08-17T04:00:00Z Yet one of the techniques she describes is to match “suicide-related images—blood, wounds and knives—with aversive pictures of snakes, spiders, and the like.” Readers Respond to the April 2018 Issue 2018-08-03T04:00:00Z Rather, the GED is used as a variation of “aversive conditioning”, in which negative stimulation is applied to a patient when he or she performs an unwanted action. Massachusetts allows school to continue with electric shocks 2018-07-12T04:00:00Z While there have been observations of "aversive" behaviour, the method is still considered by many to be better than the alternative. Is it cruel to stun animals with CO2? 2018-07-04T04:00:00Z The team then wondered whether it was possible to override responses normally provoked by appealing or aversive tastes. A Matter of Taste: Can a Sweet Tooth Be Switched Off in the Brain? 2018-05-30T04:00:00Z The first bucket is filled with problems of motivation—you don’t really want to do the project, you don’t see the point, or it’s boring or aversive. How to Stop Abandoning Projects 2018-04-21T04:00:00Z Animal welfare scientists define pain as "an aversive sensation and feeling associated with actual or potential tissue damage", explains Jonathan Birch, assistant professor in philosophy at the London School of Economics. What's the kindest way to kill a lobster? 2018-01-11T05:00:00Z She adds that aversive conditioning is only effective when the process is not especially painful. Massachusetts allows school to continue with electric shocks 2018-07-12T04:00:00Z For some patients, taking medications creates an aversive sense of dependency, a sense of lost agency and control. I changed my patient’s blood pressure medications. Why weren’t they working? 2017-08-11T04:00:00Z They first showed this both abolished the effects of directly stimulating cortical taste neurons on appetitive and aversive behaviors, and dramatically reduced these behaviors in response to real tastes. A Matter of Taste: Can a Sweet Tooth Be Switched Off in the Brain? 2018-05-30T04:00:00Z Previous studies found BLA neurons with potentiated responses to a CS, such as an auditory tone, after associative conditioning with an aversive US1, 2, 3. Neural ensemble dynamics underlying a long-term associative memory : Nature : Nature Research 2017-03-21T04:00:00Z He likens it to hunger: “When you get hungry, it increases your attention to finding food. We think that loneliness is an aversive state that motivates you to attend to social connections.” Loneliness can be depressing, but it may have helped humans survive 2016-09-02T04:00:00Z This prompted the FDA to release a formalized proposal to prohibit all “electrical stimulation devices” used in aversive conditioning, but it has been kept in limbo since 2016. Massachusetts allows school to continue with electric shocks 2018-07-12T04:00:00Z He said loneliness is an aversive signal much like thirst, hunger or pain. The Health Effects of Growing Old, and Lonely 2016-09-05T04:00:00Z Denial to my son is justified on the grounds that he doesn’t have the same ability as smokers to decide whether or not to receive aversive treatment. Please Don’t Take Away My Autistic Son’s Treatment 2016-06-23T04:00:00Z Some readers strung together multiple words to form aversive sentences. Everyday Words That Make You Go ‘Ew’ 2016-05-11T04:00:00Z It not only propels behaviour toward positive outcomes like getting high; it also propels behaviour away from negative outcomes – punishments and aversive consequences. Why we're hardwired to hate uncertainty | Marc Lewis 2016-04-04T04:00:00Z Third, they want relief from the deadening and depleting demands of paperwork – the ways in which everyday efforts to receive effective treatment are made aversive or exceptionally difficult to obtain. Take Care of Caregivers 2016-03-01T05:00:00Z The highly visible horrors of bodily corruption, notably infectious scourges like smallpox and leprosy, prompt aversive sentiments and even flight. The Long History of Discrimination in American Health Scares 2016-02-01T05:00:00Z “The koalas were still within their usual areas of activity, so how could their movements be regarded as aversive?” he said. Byron Bay Bluesfest noise has destroyed local koala population, says ecologist 2016-01-19T05:00:00Z The nature of contemporary prejudice: Insights from aversive racism. Psychology Lessons from Key & Peele 2015-09-15T04:00:00Z Predictability plays a big part in how animals perceive things, particularly things that are aversive. Can Dogs Finally Keep It Together This 4th of July? 2015-07-03T04:00:00Z Though the local mindset of many is aversive, with regards to a multicultural society in which immigrants fully participate, Italy’s fashion industry seemed to be more open-minded towards that idea this season. How Africa and Asia Contributed To Italy's Fashion Identity This Season 2015-06-25T04:00:00Z “Instead of the drug being more rewarding, what happened was that the aversive effects were diminished,” he says. Genetics: No more addictive personality : Nature : Nature Publishing Group 2015-06-23T04:00:00Z “I can think about doing experiments in animals now with that. For example, by using optogenetics to turn down the dopamine neurons, can I make an animal feel aversive toward a formerly neutral object?” Goodbye, fMRI 2015-05-11T04:00:00Z These entrepreneurs understand that they need to win for any other result is ineffectual if not aversive. Do You Want To Make Friends Or Make Money? 2015-05-03T04:00:00Z While that might be aversive and annoying, over time the head bop every 5 seconds becomes predictable, and you might even get used to it and carry on with whatever you were doing. Can Dogs Finally Keep It Together This 4th of July? 2015-07-03T04:00:00Z Healy says aversive conditioning lessens the bear’s chances of killing livestock or breaking into homes. Black bear released back into wild in Nevada after capture 2015-04-11T04:00:00Z When Seligman began his studies, Solomon’s lab was working with dogs on a phenomenon that Ivan Pavlov had first identified as aversive conditioning or avoidance learning. Trying to Cure Depression, but Inspiring Torture 2015-01-14T05:00:00Z The older Antabuse works differently, triggering nausea and other aversive symptoms if people drink while taking it. Fake bar part of research into anti-drinking drug 2015-01-02T05:00:00Z “Despite the distress elicited by engaging with memories of the death, this strategy does not lead to aversive responses.” Reliving A Friend's Death May Help Lessen Grief 2014-10-23T04:00:00Z When animals can't prevent an aversive event completely, like a loud noise or an electric shock, many will seek out the version that is predictable over the version that is unpredictable. Can Dogs Finally Keep It Together This 4th of July? 2015-07-03T04:00:00Z “Being alone with their own thoughts for 15 min was apparently so aversive that it drove many participants to self-administer an electric shock,” they wrote. Actually, People Still Like to Think 2014-10-09T04:00:00Z Pozzi admits that even Chinese shoppers used to be aversive towards locally produced goods. The Italian Shoe Designer Who's Rebranding The Image Of "Made In China" 2014-08-31T04:00:00Z “As this is a clear aversive response, as a humane choice, one would no longer use this agent for routine zebrafish anaesthesia.” Fish-kill method questioned 2014-02-26T18:20:49.382Z The hippocampus forms a neural representation of the context that predicts aversive events. [Research Article] Dendritic Inhibition in the Hippocampus Supports Fear Learning 2014-02-20T19:25:46.586Z How to help a dog that is not okay being exposed to this incredibly unpredictable, incredibly loud, and therefore incredibly aversive stimulus? Can Dogs Finally Keep It Together This 4th of July? 2015-07-03T04:00:00Z Avoiding such a morally aversive person gets far more complicated, however, when the primary source of your symbolic disgust is you. Disgust is in the Eye of the Beholder 2013-10-19T04:15:41.357Z “Our own results indicate CO is highly aversive,” he says. Best Way to Kill Lab Animals Sought 2013-08-07T14:45:00.587Z But saltiness is appealing in low doses and aversive at high levels. Too Much Salt Gets Bitter And Sour Involved 2013-02-13T22:15:00.267Z Representations of context incorporate multisensory features of the environment, but must somehow exclude sensory features of the aversive event itself. [Research Article] Dendritic Inhibition in the Hippocampus Supports Fear Learning 2014-02-20T19:25:46.586Z If the stimulus is unrewarding or unwanted, they might be referred to as “aversive.” 3a. What Is Operant Conditioning? (and How Does It Explain Driving Dogs?) 2012-12-13T15:45:00.230Z "These types of aversive and highly species-specific molecules might potentially be useful for the control of insects of economic or medical importance," he said. Flies learn sexed-up mates' smell 2012-08-20T07:52:48Z Maybe they didn’t eat it, but being aversive to eating menstrual blood isn’t the same as being aversive to it being in one’s presence. It s Camping Season, Don t Forget to Menstruate! Or, Man the Hunter and Woman the Menstruator 2012-07-10T15:15:00.243Z It first created a psychologically aversive state and then provided a relatively frictionless path to feeling better. Donations To Karen Klein, Bullied Bus Monitor, Pour Into Crowd-Funding Site 2012-06-25T17:09:37Z Fear memories guide adaptive behavior in contexts associated with aversive events. [Research Article] Dendritic Inhibition in the Hippocampus Supports Fear Learning 2014-02-20T19:25:46.586Z Prof Cox explained: "It's an interesting topic because although it is a well-known aversive reaction, very little is known about the causes." Horrible noises annoy women more 2012-06-14T13:34:24Z For them, blood is not something aversive at all—it is the stuff of life. Thinking About Mortality Changes How We Act 2012-02-06T15:15:00.233Z Conversely, if an aversive smell was used to locate the recording site, other noxious smells elicited strong reactions there as well. The Hedonic Nose: Pleasure May Organize Your Sense of Smell 2011-09-26T12:45:00.183Z Which the researchers say is “compelling evidence that Toxoplasma overwhelms the innate fear response by causing, in its stead, a type of sexual attraction to the normally aversive cat odor.” Toxoplasma Infected Rats Love Their Enemies 2011-08-17T21:15:05.393Z During CFC, sensory features of the aversive event reach hippocampal output neurons through excitatory cortical afferents and require active inhibitory filtering to ensure that the hippocampus exclusively encodes the conditioned stimulus. [Research Article] Dendritic Inhibition in the Hippocampus Supports Fear Learning 2014-02-20T19:25:46.586Z Some characters always followed the cheery puppies and rainbows, while some always appeared after the aversive sewage and spiders. The Ideology of No 2011-08-09T12:15:02.207Z And so the author's note that desire might be weakened by aversive visceral factors, like pain. Paying In Cash Keeps Us Healthy 2011-06-26T19:15:00.280Z “That caused risk- aversive buying of the yen.” Yen Rises, Erasing Loss, as China Data Spur Tightening Concern 2011-04-15T03:40:01Z It appears that interfering with gap junction–mediated neuronal transmission selectively prevented the formation of a memory during aversive experiences such as fear conditioning. This Week in Science 2011-01-06T19:25:00.633Z Therefore, researchers decided to evaluate whether sleep deprivation after exposure to an aversive event might eliminate the associated fear, due to the lack of memory consolidation that would typically occur during sleep. Let's Not Sleep on It 2010-12-09T17:16:00Z Zhong's team made their discovery by training flies with two aversive odors. In Learning, the Brain Forgets Things on Purpose 2010-02-22T17:22:00Z But she only bowed slightly to him, with a sidelong, aversive glance, and walked out of the room with a slow, rigid pace, like one that controls a tendency to giddiness. Indian Summer |
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