| 单词 | Osmanli |
| 例句 | This beylik was led by a man named Osman, and his followers came to be known as the “Osmanli” or “Ottomans.” World History: to 1500 2023-04-19T00:00:00Z In such cases the orders given to the Osmanli sentinels were of the simplest description: they were to shoot everyone who approached in the night-time without a word. The Slaves of the Padishah 2012-03-06T03:00:24.060Z Apart from this the Hungarians may have received an infusion of Turkish blood not only from the Osmanlis but from the Kumans and other tribes who settled in the country. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 13, Slice 8 "Hudson River" to "Hurstmonceaux" 2012-02-24T03:00:27.173Z The Arab moves as if he were the ruler of the country, though the grip of the Osmanli may be closing on him. Journeys in Persia and Kurdistan, Volume I (of 2) Including a Summer in the Upper Karun Region and a Visit to the Nestorian Rayahs 2012-02-12T03:00:15.857Z The industrious Greek population thrives under the rule of the Osmanlis. Journeys in Persia and Kurdistan, Volume II (of 2) Including a Summer in the Upper Karun Region and a Visit to the Nestorian Rayahs 2012-02-12T03:00:11.843Z It is strange to observe how, when trade becomes active in any seaport, or upon the railway lines, the Osmanli retires and disappears, while Greeks, Armenians, and Levantines thrive in his place. The Great Illusion A Study of the Relation of Military Power to National Advantage 2012-01-11T03:00:19.077Z At last the iron door of the prison was opened, the jailor remained outside, and the two Osmanlis entered. The Slaves of the Padishah 2012-03-06T03:00:24.060Z Do you forget that the Osmanlis are always loth to relinquish any Hungarian stronghold that they once get possession of? 'Midst the Wild Carpathians 2011-09-09T02:00:57.830Z He substantiates the account of the assassinations, and narrates how Baha Ullah was called before the Osmanli Court to answer on the charge of complicity in them. Bahaism and Its Claims A Study of the Religion Promulgated by Baha Utlah and Abdul Baha 2011-07-04T02:00:25.783Z These Osmanlis, who so lately were the proudest of nations, have been themselves baffled and defied by a handful of Christians. Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine, Volume 60, No. 372, October 1846 2011-06-29T02:00:23.750Z The latter are often spoken of as "Seljuk Turks," as if there were some racial difference between them and the European Osmanli, and for the distinction there is some foundation. Man, Past and Present 2011-03-28T02:00:29.283Z This happened at the very moment when Ismail Pasha was leading the Osmanlis to the tenth assault. The Slaves of the Padishah 2012-03-06T03:00:24.060Z After having been held by Mongols, Tatars and Turkomans, it was added to the Osmanli empire by Mahommed II. in 1473. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 9, Slice 7 "Equation" to "Ethics" 2011-02-27T03:00:31.973Z The quarrels and plots at Adrianople led to complaints of each party against the other before the Osmanli Government. Bahaism and Its Claims A Study of the Religion Promulgated by Baha Utlah and Abdul Baha 2011-07-04T02:00:25.783Z The conquest of the Osmanli followed this dominion, and destroyed such little prosperity as the Arabs had succeeded in restoring. The World and Its People: Book VII Views in Africa 2011-02-13T03:00:17.920Z The Osmanlis take their name from Osman, the leader of a Tartar horde driven out from the confines of the Chinese empire, who overran Asia Minor. The Galaxy Vol. XXIII?March, 1877.?No. 3 2011-01-31T03:00:16.193Z A contest for supremacy followed, which eventually ended in favour of the Osmanli Turks of Brusa. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 2, Slice 7 "Arundel, Thomas" to "Athens" The different Turkic dialects of which the Osmanli is one, occupy one of the largest linguistic areas, extending from the Lena and the Polar Sea, down to the Adriatic. Lectures on The Science of Language We find from Miss Pardoe, that a similar prejudice prevails among the Osmanlis. Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine, Volume 57, No. 353, March 1845 The Osmanlis began to threaten the foreign soldiers, and the latter began to everywhere form themselves into independent little bands for mutual protection. The Lion of Janina The Last Days of the Janissaries And some great fool of an Osmanli soldier would go through thy pockets, and lock thee up in the jail on Mount Pagos with all the other Jews. Command From these disasters the country never recovered, and the last traces of Western civilization disappeared with the enforced use of the Turkish language and the wholesale conversions to Islam under the earliest Osmanli sultans. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 2, Slice 7 "Arundel, Thomas" to "Athens" The Osmanli, whom we are accustomed to call Turks par excellence, and who form the ruling portion of the Turkish empire, must be traced to the same source. Lectures on The Science of Language This was the Osmanli, the little tin-kettle steamboat in which her father had invested his capital, the humble beginning of that vast enterprise, the Anglo-Hellenic Development Company. Captain Macedoine's Daughter I am old compared with them, and it is a thing unheard of among the Osmanlis that a man should reach the age of nine and seventy and still be rich and mighty. The Lion of Janina The Last Days of the Janissaries "Forty years ago our people defended that cave in a bloody struggle against the Turks; the Osmanli lost over two thousand men among the rocks." Timar's Two Worlds That term, however, which means rustic or clown, is never used by the Turks themselves except in derision or disdain; they always speak of themselves as “Osmanli.” Across Asia on a Bicycle This man has often said to me, No Osmanli cares for more than his own bread, and if that is safe, the whole empire may be destroyed. Journal of a Residence at Bagdad During the Years 1830 and 1831 The Osmanli came on, slowly pushing that immense ripple across the opaline floors. Captain Macedoine's Daughter Then hearing that I was a Dervish and doctor,—he must be an Osmanli Voltairian, that little Turk,—the official snorted a contemptuous snort. Library of the World's Best Literature, Ancient and Modern, Vol. 7 The descendants of his subjects style themselves Osmanlis—corrupted into Ottoman. The Great Events by Famous Historians, Volume 07 Whenever the Osmanlis take possession of a Greek village, they invariably ride into its Christian church, and endeavour to force their horses to defile the altar. Journal of a Visit to Constantinople and Some of the Greek Islands in the Spring and Summer of 1833 The Osmanli sultans were forced to raise the boldest of their battalions among the Christians of the north of Greece. Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine, Volume 62, Number 385. November, 1847. The boiler of the Osmanli collapsed and needed extended repair. Captain Macedoine's Daughter Theology, including the Koran and commentators thereon, jurisprudence, medicine, ethics, and history, are the sciences chiefly cultivated by the Osmanlis. The International Magazine, Volume 2, No. 3, February, 1851 The Ottoman Turks, or "Osmanli," were originally merely one of the many Turkish hordes which entered Asia Minor after the downfall of Byzantine rule. The New World of Islam Although they had no idea I was a Frank, they imagined that I was of Turkish origin, an opinion sufficient to excite the ill-treatment of Arabs, who bear the most inveterate hatred to the Osmanli. The World's Greatest Books — Volume 19 — Travel and Adventure Those were the great days of Turkey, when the Osmanli was master of the East, and regarded himself as the master of the world. Paul Patoff The Osmanli, our vessel, entering the harbour, is struck by another vessel, and sinks. Captain Macedoine's Daughter It is supposed that he will undertake the writing of the official despatches, a duty to which the innate modesty of the Osmanli prevents him from doing full justice. Punch, or the London Charivari, Vol. 150, March 22, 1916 The modern Osmanli are so saturated with European and Near Eastern blood, and have been so leavened by Western and Saracenic ideas, they that are a very different people from their remote immigrant ancestors. The New World of Islam It was also of considerable importance to create a diversion which should cause the Osmanli Generals to feel uneasiness as to a possible advance up the Euphrates. New York Times Current History; The European War, Vol 2, No. 5, August, 1915 Such is the staple of Turkish history, whether amid the hordes of Turkistan, or the feudatory Turcomans of Anatolia, or the imperial Osmanlis. Historical Sketches, Volume I (of 3) The Turks in Their Relation to Europe; Marcus Tullius Cicero; Apollonius of Tyana; Primitive Christianity Can the record be erased of the power that broke the sword of the Osmanlis, and was it a chimera that preserved Western Europe from such sights as Polowce and Pietschiniegs, etc.? The Continental Monthly, Vol. 6, No 2, August, 1864 Devoted to Literature and National Policy Anyway, there is no type of soldier man fighting in the war who is more faithful to his salt than the Osmanli Turk. Gallipoli Diary, Volume I When I dine in a public place"—the Osmanli smiled cunningly from the depths of small pig-like eyes—"I shield myself behind a screen. The Lighted Match It introduces to many notabilities, first-rate in their way, but not to that singular notability, the genuine old Osmanli. Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine - Volume 61, No. 376, February, 1847 Though the Osmanlis are the conquering race, it requires to be shown that they have ever had much to do, as a race, with the executive of the Empire. Historical Sketches, Volume I (of 3) The Turks in Their Relation to Europe; Marcus Tullius Cicero; Apollonius of Tyana; Primitive Christianity Eternally invincible should the Osmanlis remain if they walked, with firm footsteps, according to the commands of the Koran. Halil the Pedlar A Tale of Old Stambul The bulk of the people were not Osmanli or even Mahomedan and there would be a revolution at the mere sight of the smoke from the funnels of our warships. Gallipoli Diary, Volume I The Osmanli responded with a deprecating gesture of self-effacement. The Lighted Match Upon this, I checked the soldier, telling him that this man was a considerable personage in his country, and extremely hospitable to the Osmanlis. A Narrative of the Expedition to Dongola and Sennaar Under the Command of His Excellence Ismael Pasha, undertaken by Order of His Highness Mehemmed Ali Pasha, Viceroy of Egypt, By An American In The Service Of The Viceroy Instead of perpetuating the unspeakable rule of the Osmanli, we should assist in ending it forever. The New Frontiers of Freedom from the Alps to the Ægean The Osmanlis are the latest of the many branches of the Turks, who warred and ruled in Central Asia with varying success from the fifth to the eighth centuries. Hinduism and Buddhism, An Historical Sketch, Vol. 3 Gipsies are to be found in the entire Osmanli realm, from the limits of Hungary into Egypt. The English Gipsies and Their Language Othman, from whose name are derived the terms Ottoman and Osmanli, lays the foundation of the Turkish empire in Asia Minor. The Great Events by Famous Historians, Volume 06 (From Barbarossa to Dante) The Osmanli were murmuring against "the corsair"; it was time to let them see whether they or their war-worn leader possessed the greater wisdom. Sea-Wolves of the Mediterranean In 1886 the Sultan conferred on him the Imperial Order of Osmanli, and in 1888 he was created Knight Commander of the Indian Empire by Queen Victoria. Library of the World's Best Literature, Ancient and Modern — Volume 2 Thus the settled Osmanli Turk exhibits Caucasian characters, while other so-called Tartaric Turks exemplify the Mongol type. Critiques and Addresses Their origin is unknown, but their language is said to resemble the Turkish or modern Osmanli so closely that a Constantinopolitan of the lower class could converse fairly well with a Yakut from the Lena. Tent Life in Siberia It is strange to observe how, when trade becomes active in any seaport, or upon the railway lines, the Osmanli retires and disappears, while Greeks, Armenians and Levantines thrive in his place. Peace Theories and the Balkan War Untouched, unharmed, the Osmanlis came on firing as rapidly as possible until they were absolutely within arquebuss range. Sea-Wolves of the Mediterranean Turkey is no better name for the Osmanli dominion or any part of it than Normandy would be for Great Britain. The Balkans A History of Bulgaria—Serbia—Greece—Rumania—Turkey And they were popular, too, for they had never bowed the knee to the Nemseh—the Germans who are squeezing out the life-blood of the Osmanli for their own ends. Greenmantle All of which may be reduced to one hundred fifty thousand barbarian troops without discipline, the last conquering army which the degenerate race of the Osmanlis produced wherewith to invade Hungary. The Great Events by Famous Historians, Volume 12 "The Turks, or rather, I suppose it would be more proper to say, the Osmanli, as that is no doubt what you mean?" Frenzied Fiction Turks, or Osmanlis, are descendants of the Tartars, and their language, which is a branch of the Turanian family, is at the present day the commercial and political tongue throughout the Levant. Handbook of Universal Literature From the Best and Latest Authorities It is a mediaeval error of nomenclature sanctioned by long usage in foreign mouths, but without any equivalent in the vernacular of the Osmanlis themselves. The Balkans A History of Bulgaria—Serbia—Greece—Rumania—Turkey From what I remembered of the map I judged that we were coming to that champagne country near Siwas, which is the granary of Turkey, and the home of the true Osmanli stock. Greenmantle This, the enlightened Shaykh determined, was a sign that in September the Osmanli would be gloriously triumphant. The Land of Midian — Volume 1 The policy of previous Osmanli rulers has already been roughly defined. Crescent and Iron Cross To supply its deficiencies, the Osmanlis have introduced many elements of the Arabic and Persian. Handbook of Universal Literature From the Best and Latest Authorities The Osmanlis are the least typical Turks surviving. The Balkans A History of Bulgaria—Serbia—Greece—Rumania—Turkey The Shereefian Sultans of Morocco are not only the successors of the Arabian Sovereigns of Spain, but may justly dispute the Caliphat with the Osmanlis, or Turkish Sultans. Travels in Morocco, Volume 2. Byzantium has become a very potent element in the Osmanlis' character, more potent than the habits of the march or the instinct of the steppes. Turkey: a Past and a Future It was a despotic military control that the Osmanlis had established, they always regarded their subject peoples as aliens, whom they did not scruple to destroy if they exhibited symptoms of progress and civilisation. Crescent and Iron Cross By no peace policy the Osmanlis of a past age pushed their victorious arms from the deserts of Tartary to Aden, to Delhi, to Algiers, and to the gates of Vienna. First Footsteps in East Africa It is a vulgar error to suppose that the Osmanlis set out for Europe, in the spirit of Arab apostles, to force their creed and dominion on all the world. The Balkans A History of Bulgaria—Serbia—Greece—Rumania—Turkey He exploded the word pigs as if he had the Osmanli prejudice against that animal. The Eye of Zeitoon Turkey, the Ottoman state, is not a unity, climatic, geographical, racial, or economic; it is a pretension, enforced by bloodshed and violence whenever and wherever the Osmanli Government has power. Turkey: a Past and a Future Ever since the Osmanlis came out of remoter Asia into the Nearer East and into Europe, the government of their Empire has gone from bad to worse. Crescent and Iron Cross Though they are Osmanli Turks, the women of these small villages appear to make little pretence of covering their faces. Around the World on a Bicycle - Volume 1 From San Francisco to Teheran In this consequence consists the chief historic importance of the Osmanli capture of Constantinople. The Balkans A History of Bulgaria—Serbia—Greece—Rumania—Turkey The word “Badawi” is not insulting, like “Turk” applied to an Osmanli, or “Fellah” to the Egyptian. Personal Narrative of a Pilgrimage to Al-Madinah & Meccah — Volume 2 The Osmanlis may have been more savage in their methods than the marchmen of Germany—though hardly, perhaps, than the Teutonic Knights who prepared the soil of Prussia for the Hohenzollerns. Turkey: a Past and a Future Then came the Arab invasion, which was bad enough, but colossally worse was the invasion of the Osmanli. Crescent and Iron Cross While discussing a nice ripe water-melon with this gentleman, several respectable- looking people enter and introduce themselves through Mr. Pronatti as Osmanli Turks, not Armenians, expecting me to regard them more favorably on that account. Around the World on a Bicycle - Volume 1 From San Francisco to Teheran Needless to say, the Osmanlis themselves differed greatly from their imperial predecessors. The Balkans A History of Bulgaria—Serbia—Greece—Rumania—Turkey The former is like the genuine Osmanli of past ages, fierce, cold, with a stalwart frame, index of a strong mind-there was a sullen grandeur about the man. Personal Narrative of a Pilgrimage to Al-Madinah & Meccah — Volume 1 These Osmanlis are a governing class, indigenous only in Constantinople and a few neighbouring towns, but planted here and there, as officers and officials, over the Ottoman territories. Turkey: a Past and a Future It is one of the most beautiful things I know, and quite the most beautiful Osmanli building. In the Wilderness A far less difficult riddle is the case of a middle-aged man, whose costume and avocation explain nothing, save that he is not an Osmanli. Around the World on a Bicycle - Volume 1 From San Francisco to Teheran The Osmanli military organization was reputed the best in the world, and its fame attracted adventurous spirits from all over Europe to learn war in the first school of the age. The Balkans A History of Bulgaria—Serbia—Greece—Rumania—Turkey The Austrians are despised, because the East knows nothing of them since the days when Osmanli hosts threatened the gates of Vienna. Personal Narrative of a Pilgrimage to Al-Madinah & Meccah — Volume 1 From this point onwards Ottoman history singularly resembles the history of the Osmanlis' present allies. Turkey: a Past and a Future A true Turk, one of the old Osmanlis, might have said it. In the Wilderness I try to induce them to make a flight, but for some reason or other they refuse; an Osmanli Turk would have accommodated me in a minute. Around the World on a Bicycle - Volume 1 From San Francisco to Teheran Syria, Armenia, great part of Kurdistan, northern Mesopotamia, part of Arabia, and last, but not least, Egypt, were forced to acknowledge Osmanli suzerainty, and for the first time an Osmanli sultan had proclaimed himself caliph. The Balkans A History of Bulgaria—Serbia—Greece—Rumania—Turkey The Osmanlis have, as usual, a semi-religious tradition to account for the superiority of their nation over the Egyptians. Personal Narrative of a Pilgrimage to Al-Madinah & Meccah — Volume 1 And thus, by accident, as it were, in the pursuit of more coveted things, the Osmanlis acquired "Turkey-in-Asia," which is all that remains to them now and all that concerns us here. Turkey: a Past and a Future "Of ten men," he used to say, quoting an Osmanli proverb, "nine are women." The Life of Sir Richard Burton During the evening, the inevitable question of Euss, Osmanli, and English crops up, and I win unanimous murmurs of approval by laying my forefingers together and stating that the English and the Osmanlis are kardash. Around the World on a Bicycle - Volume 1 From San Francisco to Teheran It marked the supersession of the Byzantine or European ideal by the Asiatic in Osmanli policy, and introduced a phase of Ottoman history which has endured to our own time. The Balkans A History of Bulgaria—Serbia—Greece—Rumania—Turkey Little by little the Osmanli pushed their borders out in every direction till they reached the Mediterranean, the Sea of Marmora, and the Black Sea. American Nation: a history — Volume 1: European Background of American History, 1300-1600 But to call them Osmanlis is to anticipate the next stage in their history. Turkey: a Past and a Future I ever found it advisable when speaking Arabic before Osmanlis, to use some such equivalent as Khuz=take thou. The Book of the Thousand Nights and a Night — Volume 14 And the Osmanli proverb is, "Of ten men nine are women!" The Book of the Thousand Nights and a Night — Volume 10 Remaining himself at the centre, he initiated a fashion which would encourage Osmanli sultans to lapse into half-hidden beings, whom their subjects would gradually invest with religious character. The Balkans A History of Bulgaria—Serbia—Greece—Rumania—Turkey The word, which comes of a very ancient house, was applied to the present capital about the time of its conquest by the Osmanli Turks A.H. The Book of the Thousand Nights and a Night — Volume 01 The Teutonic Knights exterminated their victims; the Osmanlis drained theirs of their blood by taking a tribute of their male children, educating them as Moslems, and training them as recruits for an Ottoman standing army. Turkey: a Past and a Future His rivers ran red with the blood of Hun and Slav, of Greek and Albanian, of Osmanli and Seljuk. Defenders of Democracy; contributions from representative men and women of letters and other arts from our allies and our own country, edited by the Gift book committee of the Militia of Mercy All the tales I heard were purely local, but Fakhri Bey, a young Osmanli domiciled for some time in Fez and Mequinez, assured me that The Nights are still recited there. The Book of the Thousand Nights and a Night — Volume 10 On the one hand, in Asia, it had been found impossible to establish military fiefs in Arabia, Kurdistan, or anywhere east of it, on the system which had secured the Osmanli tenure elsewhere. The Balkans A History of Bulgaria—Serbia—Greece—Rumania—Turkey Even the Osmanli Turks, whose destructive tendencies were no secret, gave the Italians only half a fright, and a peaceable accord with them was looked upon as no impossibility. The Civilisation of the Renaissance in Italy Osmanli and Karamanli fought on equal terms, but when Karaman was overthrown there was no power left in Asia that could stop the Osmanlis' advance. Turkey: a Past and a Future The Turks, or Osmanlis, are a race, not a state, and are encamped, not settled, on the site of the Eastern Roman or Greek Empire. The American Republic : constitution, tendencies and destiny In pan-Ottomanism, if it could be effected, lay certainly the single chance of restoring Osmanli independence and power to anything like the position they had once held. The Balkans A History of Bulgaria—Serbia—Greece—Rumania—Turkey During this period indeed no Osmanli of the older stocks ever exercised real control of affairs. The Balkans A History of Bulgaria—Serbia—Greece—Rumania—Turkey But a considerable and energetic element among them belonged to the nervous Levantine type of Osmanli, which is as little minded to compromise as any Old Turk, though from a different motive. The Balkans A History of Bulgaria—Serbia—Greece—Rumania—Turkey Fortunately half this nation, and the majority of the Greeks, live outside the Ottoman frontiers, and are beyond the Osmanli's power. Turkey: a Past and a Future The Osmanli War Office was caught fairly in the middle of the stream. The Balkans A History of Bulgaria—Serbia—Greece—Rumania—Turkey What Constantinople means for the Osmanlis is implied in that name Roum by which the western dominions of the Turks have been known ever since the Seljuks won Asia Minor. The Balkans A History of Bulgaria—Serbia—Greece—Rumania—Turkey Agreement had not been reached with Austria at Carlowitz, in 1699, before a new and baleful planet swam into the Osmanli sky. The Balkans A History of Bulgaria—Serbia—Greece—Rumania—Turkey Apart from the prestige of their own early conquests, the Osmanlis inherited, and in a measure retain in the Near East, the traditional prestige of the greatest empire which ever held it. The Balkans A History of Bulgaria—Serbia—Greece—Rumania—Turkey Egypt, rid of the Osmanli, and India, where he never ruled, have kept their ancient wealth of harvests and population, and have man-power to spare for the reclamation of the Sawâd. Turkey: a Past and a Future It still constitutes a real asset of the Osmanlis, and will not cease to have value until they lose Constantinople. The Balkans A History of Bulgaria—Serbia—Greece—Rumania—Turkey In the breathing-time allowed, Arabs, Kurds, and Armenians discussed and planned together revolt from the moribund Osmanli, and, separately, the mutual massacre and plundering of one another. The Balkans A History of Bulgaria—Serbia—Greece—Rumania—Turkey Russia, seeking an economic outlet, had sapped her way south to the Euxine shore, and was on the point of challenging the Osmanli right to that sea. The Balkans A History of Bulgaria—Serbia—Greece—Rumania—Turkey Such is the first element in Osmanli prestige, doomed to disappear the moment that the Ottoman state relinquishes Europe. The Balkans A History of Bulgaria—Serbia—Greece—Rumania—Turkey The Ottoman Empire is named after the Osmanli, but you might search long before you found one among its inhabitants. Turkey: a Past and a Future Would a death struggle of the Osmanlis in Europe rouse the Sunni world? The Balkans A History of Bulgaria—Serbia—Greece—Rumania—Turkey As for the Osmanli's courage as a fighting man, that has often been exemplified, and never better than in the Gallipoli peninsula. The Balkans A History of Bulgaria—Serbia—Greece—Rumania—Turkey Repeated effort was rapidly exhausting Osmanli strength, sapped as it was by increasing internal disease: and when a crisis arrived with the accession of the Empress Catherine, it proved too weak to meet it. The Balkans A History of Bulgaria—Serbia—Greece—Rumania—Turkey After the revolution, nothing in Turkey struck one so much as the apparition on the top of things everywhere of a type of Osmanli who has the characteristic qualities of the Levantine Greek. The Balkans A History of Bulgaria—Serbia—Greece—Rumania—Turkey But such as it was, it strengthened the Osmanli's hold on his dominions. Turkey: a Past and a Future Osmanli journalists themselves treated one to rhodomontades punctuated with restless gesticulation, which revived memories of Athenian cafés in war-time. The Balkans A History of Bulgaria—Serbia—Greece—Rumania—Turkey There, prepared equally by Byzantine domination and by Seljukian influence, the great mass of the people long ago identified itself insensibly and completely with the tradition and hope of the Osmanlis. The Balkans A History of Bulgaria—Serbia—Greece—Rumania—Turkey For, internally, the Osmanli state went from bad to worse. The Balkans A History of Bulgaria—Serbia—Greece—Rumania—Turkey Even a military occupation by Russia or by another strong power would not detach Anatolia from the Osmanli unity; for a thing cannot be detached from itself. The Balkans A History of Bulgaria—Serbia—Greece—Rumania—Turkey The Osmanlis are passing at this moment as the Achaemenids passed then. Turkey: a Past and a Future Most of the Osmanlis of eastern Asia Minor are descendants of converted Armenians; but their assimilation would be slow and doubtful. The Balkans A History of Bulgaria—Serbia—Greece—Rumania—Turkey The best of the Osmanli nation, the Anatolian peasantry, has yet to make its physical and moral qualities felt under civilized conditions. The Balkans A History of Bulgaria—Serbia—Greece—Rumania—Turkey Whatever the Osmanlis suffered during that war, it undoubtedly kept them in Constantinople. The Balkans A History of Bulgaria—Serbia—Greece—Rumania—Turkey But in front lay a rich but weak Christian state, the centre of the civilization to which the popular element in the Osmanli society belonged. The Balkans A History of Bulgaria—Serbia—Greece—Rumania—Turkey "The conflict with the Arabs"—that has been the worst folly of the Young Turkish politicians, and it will perhaps be the most powerful solvent of the Empire which the Osmanlis have misgoverned so long. Turkey: a Past and a Future Such an invitation, however, did in fact precede the first Osmanli crossing in force. The Balkans A History of Bulgaria—Serbia—Greece—Rumania—Turkey The Osmanlis, had they possessed themselves of it, might well have let the latter be for a long time to come. The Balkans A History of Bulgaria—Serbia—Greece—Rumania—Turkey Thus had it acted with special efficacy in Asia Minor, whose inhabitants the Osmanli emperors, unlike the Greek, had always been at some pains to attach to themselves. The Balkans A History of Bulgaria—Serbia—Greece—Rumania—Turkey As for Europe, it had become the main scene of Osmanli operations, and now contained the administrative capital, Adrianople, though Brusu kept a sentimental primacy. The Balkans A History of Bulgaria—Serbia—Greece—Rumania—Turkey If such a movement has taken possession of the Osmanlis, the Osmanlis must lose possession of their Empire. Turkey: a Past and a Future The moment that the Tartars began to give ground, the Osmanlis began to recover it. The Balkans A History of Bulgaria—Serbia—Greece—Rumania—Turkey The Venetians made no effort worthy of their apprehensions, though these were indeed exceedingly well founded; for, as all the world knows, to the sea the Osmanlis did at once betake themselves. The Balkans A History of Bulgaria—Serbia—Greece—Rumania—Turkey In the fourth and last place, among the populations on whose loyalty the Osmanli sultan could make good his claim, were several strong unexhausted elements, especially in Anatolia. The Balkans A History of Bulgaria—Serbia—Greece—Rumania—Turkey He had displaced a Palaeologus by an Osmanli only in order that an empire long in fact Osmanli should henceforth be so also de jure. The Balkans A History of Bulgaria—Serbia—Greece—Rumania—Turkey As for the Asiatic part of the Byzantine sphere, there was only one little corner in the south-east to be rounded off to bring all the Anatolian peninsula under the Osmanli. The Balkans A History of Bulgaria—Serbia—Greece—Rumania—Turkey Cilicia passed to the Osmanli; but for the moment he pushed no farther. The Balkans A History of Bulgaria—Serbia—Greece—Rumania—Turkey The main importance, however, of Selim's assumption of the caliphate was that it consecrated Osmanli militarism to a religious end—to the original programme of Islam. The Balkans A History of Bulgaria—Serbia—Greece—Rumania—Turkey By an irony of the Osmanli position, the worse the empire was administered, the stronger became its international guarantee. The Balkans A History of Bulgaria—Serbia—Greece—Rumania—Turkey Almost all the military glories of Suleiman—known to contemporary Europe as 'the Magnificent' and often held by historians the greatest of Osmanli sultans— made for weakening, not strengthening, the empire. The Balkans A History of Bulgaria—Serbia—Greece—Rumania—Turkey Whatever Napoleon may have planned and signed at Tilsit, the aegis of France was consistently opposed to the enemies of the Osmanlis down to the close of the Napoleonic age. The Balkans A History of Bulgaria—Serbia—Greece—Rumania—Turkey Secure from destruction by any foes but those of his own household, as none knew better than he, the reigning Osmanli was scheming to regain the independence and dignity of his forefathers. The Balkans A History of Bulgaria—Serbia—Greece—Rumania—Turkey What he ultimately accomplished, however, was something of much greater and more lasting moment to the Osmanli state. The Balkans A History of Bulgaria—Serbia—Greece—Rumania—Turkey If the form of Osmanli government had changed greatly, its spirit had changed little, and defective communications militated against the responsibility of officials to the centre. The Balkans A History of Bulgaria—Serbia—Greece—Rumania—Turkey They did not cause the Osmanli state to be born anew, but, at least, they went far to purge it of original sin. The Balkans A History of Bulgaria—Serbia—Greece—Rumania—Turkey The Morea and central Greece passed out of the empire, the first provinces so to pass since the Osmanli loss of Hungary. The Balkans A History of Bulgaria—Serbia—Greece—Rumania—Turkey We, however, looking backward now, can see that by its losses the Osmanli state in reality grew stronger. The Balkans A History of Bulgaria—Serbia—Greece—Rumania—Turkey His success was most immediate and complete in Anatolia, the homeland of the Osmanlis. The Balkans A History of Bulgaria—Serbia—Greece—Rumania—Turkey As an Asiatic power, however, exerting temporal sway over some eighteen million bodies and religious influence over many times more souls, the Osmanli caliph might command a place in the sun. The Balkans A History of Bulgaria—Serbia—Greece—Rumania—Turkey In the second place the Osmanli 'Turks', however fallen away from the virtues of their ancestors, had not lost either 'the will to power' or their capacity for governing under military law. The Balkans A History of Bulgaria—Serbia—Greece—Rumania—Turkey Such were latent assets of the Osmanli Empire, appreciated imperfectly by the prophets of its dissolution. The Balkans A History of Bulgaria—Serbia—Greece—Rumania—Turkey Osmanli society identified itself with the new army and accepted the consequent reform of the central or provincial administration. The Balkans A History of Bulgaria—Serbia—Greece—Rumania—Turkey There were then, as since, 'young men in a hurry' among the more Europeanized Osmanlis. The Balkans A History of Bulgaria—Serbia—Greece—Rumania—Turkey In the days of Osmanli greatness Macedonia had been neglected in favour of provinces to the north, which were richer and more nearly related to the ways into central Europe. The Balkans A History of Bulgaria—Serbia—Greece—Rumania—Turkey In campaigns lasting a little less than a year, the Osmanli Empire was brought nearer to passing than ever before, and it was in a suburb of Constantinople itself that the final armistice was arranged. The Balkans A History of Bulgaria—Serbia—Greece—Rumania—Turkey The Balkan lands were waking, or already awake, to a sense of separate nationality, and what chance did the Osmanli element, less progressive than any, stand in them? The Balkans A History of Bulgaria—Serbia—Greece—Rumania—Turkey Moreover, if such a caliph were ever to be again, an Osmanli sultan would not be a strong candidate. The Balkans A History of Bulgaria—Serbia—Greece—Rumania—Turkey The European and Anatolian Osmanlis yield little one to the other in this virtue; but the palm, if awarded at all, must be given to the levies from northern and central Asia Minor. The Balkans A History of Bulgaria—Serbia—Greece—Rumania—Turkey The Osmanli, the man of the sword, was the type to which all others, who wished to be of the nation, were to conform. The Balkans A History of Bulgaria—Serbia—Greece—Rumania—Turkey The free and equal Osmanlis were all to take their cue from men of the Byzantine sort which the European provinces, and especially the city of Constantinople, breed. The Balkans A History of Bulgaria—Serbia—Greece—Rumania—Turkey The substitution of Arab administration for Osmanli would necessarily entail European tutelage of the parts of the Arab-speaking area in which powers, like ourselves, have vital interests—Syria, for example, southern Mesopotamia, and, probably, Hejaz. The Balkans A History of Bulgaria—Serbia—Greece—Rumania—Turkey As for the rest of the empire, Asia Minor will stand by the Osmanli cause, even if Europe and Constantinople, and even if the Holy Places and all the Arab-speaking provinces be lost. The Balkans A History of Bulgaria—Serbia—Greece—Rumania—Turkey Its allegiance does not depend on either the tradition of Roum or the caliphate, but on essential unity with the Osmanli nation. The Balkans A History of Bulgaria—Serbia—Greece—Rumania—Turkey Without union, it believed in no progress, and by union it understood the assimilation of all societies in the empire to the Osmanli. The Balkans A History of Bulgaria—Serbia—Greece—Rumania—Turkey Such an occupation, however, would probably not be seriously resisted or subsequently rebelled against by the Moslem majority in Asia Minor, supposing Osmanli armaments to have been crushed. The Balkans A History of Bulgaria—Serbia—Greece—Rumania—Turkey |
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