| 单词 | olivine |
| 例句 | It is a rare “pallasite” meteorite, made of a translucent, amber-colored mineral called olivine, sprinkled like chocolate chips through an iron-nickel base. Entrepreneur Naveen Jain Put Together his Top-Flight Meteorite Collection at Warp Speed 2013-06-04T14:00:00Z One of those minerals is called olivine, which is strong enough to trap and preserve magma, or liquid rock. Smithsonian geologist digs up clues to Earth’s beginnings 2017-03-13T04:00:00Z However, in those cases they had been more complex, magnesium-rich crystals of olivine and pyroxene. JWST Detects Quartz Crystals in an Exoplanet’s Atmosphere 2023-10-20T04:00:00Z Gigantic cliff faces, cleaved from the asteroid’s metal crust as it cooled and contracted long ago, might be studded with green crystals of olivine. NASA launches spacecraft to a mysterious metal-rich asteroid 2023-10-13T04:00:00Z Notably, the researchers acknowledge that their conclusion assumes a negligible effect of iron on hydrogen-related defects in the rocks, indicating the need for further research to explore the anelastic properties of iron-bearing olivine rocks. Exploring the effect of water on seismic wave attenuation in the upper mantle 2023-09-27T04:00:00Z The reactions transform minerals such as olivine into serpentine, releasing hydrogen in the process. U.S. bets it can drill for climate-friendly hydrogen—just like oil 2023-09-07T04:00:00Z After landing, the craft aims to analyse the composition of olivine rocks near the sites in search of clues about the origin of the moon. Japan launches 'moon sniper' lunar lander SLIM into space 2023-09-07T04:00:00Z Dr Hallis, who is a member of the campaign's science group, said the Rum rocks were an "excellent comparison" to those in the Mars crater, as they were "characterised by the mineral olivine". Nasa collect Rum rocks ahead of Mars space mission 2023-07-28T04:00:00Z The massif rocks contain lots of olivine, a mineral that reacts with water in a process called serpentinization. At long last, ocean drillers exhume a bounty of rocks from Earth’s mantle 2023-05-25T04:00:00Z Where olivine and other minerals are buried deep enough to be hotter than 200°C, and yet still exposed to water percolating from the surface, they can produce hydrogen. Hidden hydrogen: Earth may hold vast stores of a renewable, carbon-free fuel 2023-02-15T05:00:00Z The simplest silicate structure, that of the mineral olivine, is composed of isolated tetrahedra bonded to iron and/or magnesium ions. Physical Geology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z This sample is mostly fine groundmass with a few small green phenocrysts that are the mineral olivine. An Introduction to Geology 2017-01-01T00:00:00Z Using non-destructive imaging techniques, the Swedish geologists determined the limited extent to which water interacted with grains of a mineral called olivine. Life on Mars would have gone extinct more than 1.3 billion years ago, study finds 2022-05-19T04:00:00Z Seitah is rich in olivine that settled out of thick magma, perhaps a lava lake. NASA sees ‘otherworldly’ wreckage on Mars with ingenuity helicopter 2022-04-28T04:00:00Z Séítah rocks contained evenly distributed crystals of the mineral olivine, which coalesce as magma slowly cools, whereas Máaz rocks had small grains of pyroxene and plagioclase, interlocked in a way that indicated igneous formation. Mars rover wraps survey of Jezero crater’s surprising volcanic floor 2022-03-09T05:00:00Z The formula for this particular olivine, which has three Fe ions for each Mg ion, could be written: Mg0.5Fe1.5SiO4. Physical Geology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z It is mostly made of dark minerals like pyroxene and olivine, which are rich in iron and magnesium and relatively poor in silica. An Introduction to Geology 2017-01-01T00:00:00Z Produced volcanically, the igneous rocks on Jezero’s floor contain large olivine crystals that typically form near the bottoms of thick lava lakes and flows. What We Learned from the Perseverance Rover’s First Year on Mars 2022-02-17T05:00:00Z Maaz, which is on top and thus probably younger, has a composition similar to most basaltic lava flows — full of minerals known as pyroxene and plagioclase but with little or no olivine. NASA sees ‘otherworldly’ wreckage on Mars with ingenuity helicopter 2022-04-28T04:00:00Z Those observations revealed large grains of olivine, an igneous mineral that can accumulate at the bottom of a large lava flow. On Mars, a NASA Rover and Helicopter’s Year of Surprise and Discovery 2022-02-15T05:00:00Z This water is mostly derived from alteration of pyroxene and olivine to serpentine near the spreading ridge shortly after the rock’s formation. Physical Geology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z Ultramafic refers to the extremely mafic rocks composed of mostly olivine and some pyroxene which have even more magnesium and iron and even less silica. An Introduction to Geology 2017-01-01T00:00:00Z Made of minerals such as olivine and pyroxene, and sometimes glass, chondrules themselves come in a variety of shapes, sizes and compositions—often containing a glittering array of crystals. Asteroid Dust from Hayabusa2 Could Solve a Mystery of Planet Creation 2020-12-08T05:00:00Z It paid $75 per ton of carbon dioxide to support nonprofit Project Vesta’s work to bring the mineral olivine to beaches. Stripe customers will be able to funnel money into carbon capture projects 2020-10-28T04:00:00Z Later fractures emerged between the olivine grains that were filled with carbonates, a mineral that forms through interactions with water. On Mars, a NASA Rover and Helicopter’s Year of Surprise and Discovery 2022-02-15T05:00:00Z As the temperature continues to drop, olivine becomes unstable while pyroxene becomes stable. Physical Geology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z In the olivine series of minerals, the iron and magnesium ions in the solid solution are about the same size and charge, so either atom can fit into the same location in the growing crystals. An Introduction to Geology 2017-01-01T00:00:00Z It contains lots of pyroxene, olivine and feldspar minerals. Martian meteorite to head home to Red Planet 2020-07-25T04:00:00Z As waves naturally break down the olivine, a chemical reaction takes place that captures CO2 from the air and ultimately stores it in limestone on the ocean floor. Stripe customers will be able to funnel money into carbon capture projects 2020-10-28T04:00:00Z It's on the western shoulder of a giant impact basin called Isidis, which shows the strongest Martian signals of the minerals olivine and carbonate as measured from space. How Nasa's rover will hunt for signs of Mars life 2020-07-23T04:00:00Z As a mafic magma starts to cool, some of the silica combines with iron and magnesium to make olivine. Physical Geology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z The crystal structure of olivine is built from independent silica tetrahedra. An Introduction to Geology 2017-01-01T00:00:00Z A non-profit organisation called Project Vesta, for example, hopes to spread the mineral olivine over beaches to mimic the green-sand beaches found in Hawaii and the Galápagos Islands. Negative emissions tech helps, but it's no magic bullet for the climate crisis | Tamsin Edwards 2020-07-20T04:00:00Z They identified the fingerprint of olivine, a major mineral in the mantle of Earth and other planets, Popescu and his colleagues reported on 18 June in the Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. First asteroid found within Venus’s orbit could be a clue to the missing ‘mantle’ asteroids 2020-07-01T04:00:00Z Project Vesta aims to sequester carbon by speeding up the natural weathering process of a mineral called olivine. Daily briefing: A real-world test for capturing carbon in weathered rock 2020-06-22T04:00:00Z As it cools further, much of the remaining silica goes into calcium-rich plagioclase, and any silica left may be used to convert some of the olivine to pyroxene. Physical Geology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z In addition to olivine, other common neosilicate minerals include garnet, topaz, kyanite, and zircon. An Introduction to Geology 2017-01-01T00:00:00Z And the last is the olivine project, known as Project Vesta. Stripe picks $1 million in carbon-removal projects to spur industry 2020-05-18T04:00:00Z His team experimented with crystals of olivine, a green mineral commonly found in volcanic rock. Volcanoes on Venus Might Still Be Smoking 2020-01-09T05:00:00Z The olivine will be ground up into sand and spread on the beach, where — in theory — the wave action will accelerate the sequestration process. Daily briefing: A real-world test for capturing carbon in weathered rock 2020-06-22T04:00:00Z The upper mantle is typically composed of peridotite, a rock dominated by olivine and pyroxene. Physical Geology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z In section 1, olivine crystallizes; section 2: olivine and pyroxene crystallize; section 3: pyroxene and plagioclase crystallize; and section 4: plagioclase crystallizes. An Introduction to Geology 2017-01-01T00:00:00Z In seawater, olivine minerals form solid carbon compounds and also reduce the water’s acidity, so it can absorb more carbon dioxide from the air. Stripe picks $1 million in carbon-removal projects to spur industry 2020-05-18T04:00:00Z Under such extreme conditions, the outer grains of olivine transformed into iron oxide, and very rapidly. Volcanoes on Venus Might Still Be Smoking 2020-01-09T05:00:00Z To verify Venutian volcanism, researchers experimented with crystals of olivine, a mineral found in a volcanic rock. Venus may be the only other planet with active volcanoes 2020-01-04T05:00:00Z These include minerals such as quartz, feldspar, mica, amphibole, pyroxene, olivine, and a great variety of clay minerals. Physical Geology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z Many residents of affluent Jefferson County say the jobs are not worth burning 84 tons of coal each day by a foreign manufacturer that wants to turn basalt, olivine sand and bauxite into super-efficient insulation. Insulation plant divides community in West Virginia 2019-06-09T04:00:00Z Matzner’s application promises to use Stripe’s money to take its experiments with olivine out of the lab and to the Caribbean beach. Stripe picks $1 million in carbon-removal projects to spur industry 2020-05-18T04:00:00Z Because olivine disappears quickly, the discovery of evidence of the mineral on the surface of Venus would signify young lava flows. Volcanoes on Venus Might Still Be Smoking 2020-01-09T05:00:00Z To test how olivine might be observed on Venus, researchers involved in the study tried to mimic the conditions on the surface of Venus. Venus may be the only other planet with active volcanoes 2020-01-04T05:00:00Z In olivine, unlike most other silicate minerals, the silica tetrahedra are not bonded to each other. Physical Geology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z Further modelling efforts will certainly be required, with a focus on the size distribution of mineral grains, to attain a well-constrained assessment of the olivine composition7. The Moon’s mantle unveiled 2019-05-14T04:00:00Z With Stripe as its first customer, it will spread olivine on the beach and see if the water can grind it down enough to speed up de-acidification. Stripe picks $1 million in carbon-removal projects to spur industry 2020-05-18T04:00:00Z They found that the lava flows previously dated at 250,000 years old actually contained olivine — proof that they were only a few years old. Volcanoes on Venus Might Still Be Smoking 2020-01-09T05:00:00Z Specifically, they heated olivine in a furnace up to 1,650 degrees Fahrenheit for a month. Venus may be the only other planet with active volcanoes 2020-01-04T05:00:00Z Figure 2.10 A depiction of the structure of olivine as seen from above. Physical Geology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z This is because olivine crystals align in the direction in which the sea floor spreads when new oceanic plates are created at mid-ocean ridges. Water takes a deep dive into an oceanic tectonic plate 2018-11-13T05:00:00Z The green mineral olivine, one of the main components that make up the Earth’s mantle, is responsible for that. The Floor Is (Usually) Not Lava 2018-07-10T04:00:00Z They all featured photos of small stones said to be olivine, which were tweeted by a woman who identified herself as a meteorologist in Arizona. NOT REAL NEWS: Erupting Hawaii volcano not raining gemstones 2018-06-19T04:00:00Z "If so, then Venus is volcanically active today because our experimental results show that the emissivity/reflectance signature of olivine should be obscured by oxide coatings within months to years." Venus may be the only other planet with active volcanoes 2020-01-04T05:00:00Z In olivine, it takes two divalent cations to balance the –4 charge of an isolated tetrahedron. Physical Geology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z They all featured photos of small stones said to be olivine, which were tweeted by a woman who identified herself as a meteorologist in Arizona. NOT REAL NEWS: Erupting Hawaii volcano not raining gemstones 2018-06-19T04:00:00Z Over time, the olivine slowly dissolves and other minerals form within the veins. Life on the Rocks 2018-02-12T05:00:00Z “There’s not olivine raining from the sky, except in clumps of lava,” Gansecki said. NOT REAL NEWS: Erupting Hawaii volcano not raining gemstones 2018-06-19T04:00:00Z They were able to confirm that the composition of these matched that of micrometeorites, which tend to be rich in olivine, a greenish semi-precious gemstone. Finding micrometeorites in city gutters 2016-12-10T05:00:00Z The structure of pyroxene is more “permissive” than that of olivine — meaning that cations with a wider range of ionic radii can fit into it. Physical Geology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z “There’s not olivine raining from the sky, except in clumps of lava,” Gansecki said. NOT REAL NEWS: Erupting Hawaii volcano not raining gemstones 2018-06-19T04:00:00Z He explains that when olivine, a common mineral made up of magnesium, iron, silicon, and oxygen, comes into contact with seawater it destabilizes, allowing the water to penetrate more deeply into the rock. Life on the Rocks 2018-02-12T05:00:00Z The olivine extracted from lightly crushing pumice-like material in unpolished form is gray, not shiny and green, which it becomes after being weathered over time, Garcia said. NOT REAL NEWS: Erupting Hawaii volcano not raining gemstones 2018-06-19T04:00:00Z Backlit under a microscope, minerals in the slices—including plagioclase, olivine, and pyroxene—burst into focus: polygonal islands swimming in a dark sea of rock. Smudged volcanic crystals offer clues to past eruptions 2016-11-17T05:00:00Z To be more specific, felsic rocks typically have biotite and/or amphibole; intermediate rocks have amphibole and, in some cases, pyroxene; and mafic rocks have pyroxene and, in some cases, olivine. Physical Geology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z The olivine extracted from lightly crushing pumice-like material in unpolished form is gray, not shiny and green, which it becomes after being weathered over time, Garcia said. NOT REAL NEWS: Erupting Hawaii volcano not raining gemstones 2018-06-19T04:00:00Z He sees compelling evidence for that activity in the region’s mineral deposits, notably olivine. NASA’s Bold Plan to Hunt for Fossils on Mars In gemstone form, a variety of olivine is known as peridot. NOT REAL NEWS: Erupting Hawaii volcano not raining gemstones 2018-06-19T04:00:00Z "My students pick for hours under a microscope looking for the one olivine that has a weird tube in it," she says. Smudged volcanic crystals offer clues to past eruptions 2016-11-17T05:00:00Z What allows magnesium to substitute freely for iron in olivine? Physical Geology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z In gemstone form, a variety of olivine is known as peridot. NOT REAL NEWS: Erupting Hawaii volcano not raining gemstones 2018-06-19T04:00:00Z For starters, the asteroids that gouged these double pockmarks into Earth are a particular type of space rock called an L chondrite—something that is rich in olivine and relatively iron-poor. Space Rocks Delivered One-Two Punch to Ancient Earth 2015-12-15T05:00:00Z But most of the Hawaii olivine is not typically gemstone quality, Garcia said: “Too small and broken.” NOT REAL NEWS: Erupting Hawaii volcano not raining gemstones 2018-06-19T04:00:00Z In certain olivine crystals, the researchers noted variations in nickel concentrations inside the crystal cores that appeared to have formed in the mantle. Smudged volcanic crystals offer clues to past eruptions 2016-11-17T05:00:00Z The early-forming olivine crystals react with silica in the remaining liquid magma and are converted into pyroxene, something like this: Physical Geology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z But most of the Hawaii olivine is not typically gemstone quality, Garcia said: “Too small and broken.” NOT REAL NEWS: Erupting Hawaii volcano not raining gemstones 2018-06-19T04:00:00Z When cosmic rays from the Sun hit minerals such as olivine in this type of rock, helium-3 is produced. Island boulders reveal ancient mega-tsunami 2015-10-01T04:00:00Z Carbonate-rich rocks are green, olivine is brown, and basalt is purple. Week's Best Space Pictures: 3 Hurricanes, Saturn's Equinox 2015-09-04T04:00:00Z One paramount goal: completing his collection of pallasites, pretty meteorites that often contain green olivine crystals suspended in a gray matrix like luminous polka dots. Feature: A castaway from ancient Mars 2014-11-25T05:00:00Z For example, pyroxene can be converted to the clay minerals chlorite or smectite, and olivine can be converted to the clay mineral serpentine. Physical Geology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z Fu's team studied eight chondrules—small pellets of rock—in the meteorite, focusing on dusty olivine grains that contain metal, which, like compasses, aligned with the nascent solar system's magnetic field. First measurement of the ancient solar system's magnetic field 2014-11-13T05:00:00Z At the Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research in Yerseke, on an arm of the North Sea, Francesc Montserrat, an ecologist, is investigating the idea of spreading olivine on the seabed. Climate Tools Seek to Bend Nature’s Path 2014-11-09T05:00:00Z Carbonate-rich rocks are green, olivine is brown, and basalt is purple. Week's Best Space Pictures: 3 Hurricanes, Saturn's Equinox 2015-09-04T04:00:00Z Those particles also contain the crystalline material, olivine, made of magnesium, iron and silicon. Argonne X-ray beams used to analyze space dust 2014-09-22T04:00:00Z The equation shown here is for olivine, but it could apply to almost any other ferromagnesian silicate, including pyroxene, amphibole, or biotite. Physical Geology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z At these locations, the team collected samples of rocks deposited during eruptions, including olivines, crystals that trap volcanic gases like a bottle. A Superplume Is the Reason Africa Is Splitting Apart 2014-08-01T04:00:00Z Not far away in Belgium, researchers at the University of Antwerp are studying the effects of olivine on crops like barley and wheat. Climate Tools Seek to Bend Nature’s Path 2014-11-09T05:00:00Z Carbonate-rich rocks are green, olivine is brown, and basalt is purple. Week's Best Space Pictures: 3 Hurricanes, Saturn's Equinox 2015-09-04T04:00:00Z The researchers think careful sample preparation is the key to finding more ringwoodite, because heating ultradeep diamonds, as happens when scientists polish crystals for analysis, causes the olivine to change shape. Rare Diamond Confirms that Earth's Mantle Holds an Ocean's Worth of Water 2014-03-12T19:58:00Z He is using small tanks to measure the weathering of olivine in various conditions — including the impact of worms that live in and eat the sandy sediment. Rock’s power to mop up carbon revisited 2014-01-22T18:20:24.094Z These events are caused by an instantaneous phase transition from olivine to spinel, which would occur at the same depth and result in large stress releases observed for other deep earthquakes. [Report] Deep-Focus Earthquake Analogs Recorded at High Pressure and Temperature in the Laboratory 2013-09-19T17:56:47.773Z Every bit of crushed olivine spread on the ground makes a little headway in reducing CO2 levels in the air. Climate Tools Seek to Bend Nature’s Path 2014-11-09T05:00:00Z An X-ray analysis by CheMin showed that the ground-up rock comprised mostly igneous minerals such as feldspar, pyroxene, olivine and magnetite. Mars Rover Finds Evidence of Ancient Habitability 2013-03-13T19:45:00.600Z First, scientists think the composition of the Earth's mantle is similar to that of meteorites called chondrites, which are chiefly made of olivine. Rare Diamond Confirms that Earth's Mantle Holds an Ocean's Worth of Water 2014-03-12T19:58:00Z “There the grains are tumbling around in the surf and the waves, they collide, they abrade each other, and produce very rapidly a lot of tiny olivine slivers that weather quickly,” he says. Rock’s power to mop up carbon revisited 2014-01-22T18:20:24.094Z The interior of Vesta, unlike that of most asteroids, separated into layers resembling a planet's, with a rocky crust covering a mantle composed of the mineral olivine. Violent Asteroid Impacts Shaped Protoplanet Vesta s Odd Interior 2013-02-13T21:15:04.287Z As a result, some residents have taken action, and the country has become something of an olivine hotbed. Climate Tools Seek to Bend Nature’s Path 2014-11-09T05:00:00Z In the slices most of the colored bits are either full or fragmented chondrules or they are grains of olivine or pyroxene that were released from chondrules that broke open. Fall That Glitters: Microscopy Reveals Stained-Glass Beauty in Ancient Meteorites [Slide Show] 2013-01-23T13:15:00.190Z Second, lava belched by volcanoes sometimes taps the mantle, bringing up chunks of odd minerals that hint at the intense heat and pressure olivine endures in the bowels of the Earth. Rare Diamond Confirms that Earth's Mantle Holds an Ocean's Worth of Water 2014-03-12T19:58:00Z The team says the sample contains "significant amounts" of the minerals feldspar, olivine and pyroxene. Martian soil sample 'like Hawaii' 2012-10-31T11:10:03Z These fluids contain all the components that have not been consumed in the high-temperature crystals like pyroxene, olivine and plagioclase; and among these components, of course, there is water. Pacific lavas back dry early Mars 2012-09-10T08:50:04Z Industry extracts and transports huge quantities of coal, oil and gas, he notes, so if society decided that geoengineering was necessary, why couldn’t it do the same with olivine? Climate Tools Seek to Bend Nature’s Path 2014-11-09T05:00:00Z A faint smile fluttered over the Arab's olivine features. The Wireless Officer 2011-10-24T02:00:17.560Z These laboratory studies suggest that olivine morphs into a variety of forms corresponding to the depth at which it is found. Rare Diamond Confirms that Earth's Mantle Holds an Ocean's Worth of Water 2014-03-12T19:58:00Z Whence came this green olivine?—whence this plate of specular iron?—whence this quartz and felspar; and all these other minerals I see around me? Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine, Vol. 60, No. 373, November 1846 2011-10-21T02:00:17.417Z Crown 8vo, cloth elegant, olivine edges, 5/- A rousing story of adventure by sea and land. Palm Tree Island 2011-09-21T02:00:31.730Z In olivine the black enclosures are not thin laminae, but branching growths resembling pieces of moss. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 11, Slice 4 "G" to "Gaskell, Elizabeth" 2011-08-24T02:00:20.690Z Presently the Indian messenger returned with a faint trace of a smile on his olivine features. The Wireless Officer 2011-10-24T02:00:17.560Z Various kinds of olivine were also collected on the moon throughout the Apollo program. NASA Telescope Sees Crystal Rain on an Infant Star 2011-05-30T09:00:00Z There was a silver-handled brush and a flagon of some scent that I liked, and a little brooch of olivines that had caught her fancy; and a powder-puff in a pretty gilt box. The Secret Glory 2011-03-22T02:00:17.863Z The rocks erupted by Etna have always been very constant in composition, viz. varieties of basaltic lava and tuff containing little or no olivine—the rock type known as labradorite. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 9, Slice 8 "Ethiopia" to "Evangelical Association" 2011-03-05T03:00:24.537Z Segregations of iron ores, such as ilmenite, usually with pyroxene or olivine, occur in association with some gabbro and anorthosite masses. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 11, Slice 4 "G" to "Gaskell, Elizabeth" 2011-08-24T02:00:20.690Z An olive-green mineral called olivine is very frequently present. Geology 2011-02-20T03:00:12.660Z What Spitzer observed was a sort of perpetual crystalline rainstorm made of a bright green mineral of a class called olivine, pouring down on the infant star. NASA Telescope Sees Crystal Rain on an Infant Star 2011-05-30T09:00:00Z It is also a common constituent of meteoric stones, forming with olivine the bulk of the material: here it often forms small spherical masses, or chondrules, with an internal radiated structure. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 9, Slice 6 "English Language" to "Epsom Salts" 2011-02-19T03:00:59.807Z The contemporaneous igneous rocks include olivine basalts, andesites, trachytes, rhyolites and tuffs, which are pierced by the microgranite of the Black Hill and by several vents filled with agglomerate, as near Swanston. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 8, Slice 10 "Echinoderma" to "Edward" 2011-01-19T03:00:19.027Z The olivine is colourless in itself, but in most cases is altered to green or yellow serpentine, often with bands of dark magnetite granules along its cleavages and cracks. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 11, Slice 4 "G" to "Gaskell, Elizabeth" 2011-08-24T02:00:20.690Z He surveyed the row of Henty's books gleaming with olivine edges, and presently he procured brown paper and with Cook's assistance wrapped up the dozen odd volumes. Sinister Street, vol. 1 The abundance of olivine in comets is well established, but it's always been a bit of a mystery how it got there. NASA Telescope Sees Crystal Rain on an Infant Star 2011-05-30T09:00:00Z Von Buch supposes the great crystals of olivine to have been derived from a previously existing basalt melted up by the new volcanoes; but we have scarcely sufficient data to bear out such a conjecture. Principles of Geology or, The Modern Changes of the Earth and its Inhabitants Considered as Illustrative of Geology They may be ophitic, though often they are not, and they usually contain olivine, while their augite has distinctly purple shades, and a feeble dichroism. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 8, Slice 6 "Dodwell" to "Drama" In these the minerals have a parallel arrangement, the felspars are often broken down by pressure into a mosaic of irregular grains, while greenish fibrous or bladed amphibole takes the place of pyroxene and olivine. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 11, Slice 4 "G" to "Gaskell, Elizabeth" 2011-08-24T02:00:20.690Z The other minerals found in the concentrates are pebbles and fragments of pyrope, zircon, cyanite, chrome-diopside, enstatite, a green pyroxene, mica, ilmenite, magnetite, chromite, hornblende, olivine, barytes, calcite and pyrites. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 8, Slice 4 "Diameter" to "Dinarchus" Lunar olivine was created by great volcanoes called fire fountains, which sprayed superheated lava into the sky. NASA Telescope Sees Crystal Rain on an Infant Star 2011-05-30T09:00:00Z Pretended distinction between ancient and modern lavas.—One of the new lavas was observed to contain masses of olivine of an olive-green color, resembling those which occur in one of the lavas of the Vivarais. Principles of Geology or, The Modern Changes of the Earth and its Inhabitants Considered as Illustrative of Geology Their essential minerals are those of basalt, viz. olivine, augite and plagioclase felspar, while hornblende, ilmenite, apatite and biotite are their commonest accessory ingredients. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 8, Slice 6 "Dodwell" to "Drama" Some authors believe that the development of saussurite from felspar is also dependent on pressure rather than on weathering, and an analogous change may affect the olivine, replacing it by talc, chlorite, actinolite and garnet. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 11, Slice 4 "G" to "Gaskell, Elizabeth" 2011-08-24T02:00:20.690Z Augite and olivine are generally present in the Etna lavas, especially the latter mineral. Etna A History of the Mountain and of its Eruptions It was the crew of Apollo 15 who first found green olivine — specifically, a magnesium-rich variety that goes by the name forsterite, which is also the kind that was spotted by Spitzer. NASA Telescope Sees Crystal Rain on an Infant Star 2011-05-30T09:00:00Z There is great similarity in the composition of the ancient and modern lavas of Etna, both consisting of felspar, augite, olivine, and titaniferous iron. Principles of Geology or, The Modern Changes of the Earth and its Inhabitants Considered as Illustrative of Geology In addition to the reddish or brownish argillaceous matrix it contains fresh or decomposed crystals of volcanic minerals, such as felspar, augite, hornblende, olivine and pumiceous or palagonitic rocks. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 6, Slice 4 "Cincinnatus" to "Cleruchy" The rock of which it is formed consists of exceedingly massive, coarsely-crystalline dolerite, rich in olivine, and divided into large quadrangular blocks by parallel joint planes. Volcanoes: Past and Present In the different lavas, the crystals of labradorite, and of olivine, vary in size considerably. Etna A History of the Mountain and of its Eruptions The true chrysolite of the modern mineralogist is a magnesium silicate, referable to the species olivine. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 6, Slice 3 "Chitral" to "Cincinnati" Some of these are composed of trachyte, others of compact blue basalt with olivine. Principles of Geology or, The Modern Changes of the Earth and its Inhabitants Considered as Illustrative of Geology Serpentine, which may be fibrous or scaly, is a secondary product of olivine and certain pyroxenes. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 6, Slice 4 "Cincinnatus" to "Cleruchy" Section of olivine crystal from the lava of 1631—imperfectly formed. Volcanoes: Past and Present The lava is in close contiguity to the clay deposits of a mud volcano, and when examined under the microscope is seen to consist mainly of augite, together with olivine and transparent crystals of labradorite. Etna A History of the Mountain and of its Eruptions These rocks consist of augite and plagioclase, with little or no olivine, on a brown, vitreous, interstitial matrix. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 8, Slice 3 "Destructors" to "Diameter" Vesuvian minerals.—A great variety of minerals are found in the lavas of Vesuvius and Somma; augite, leucite, felspar, mica, olivine, and sulphur are most abundant. Principles of Geology or, The Modern Changes of the Earth and its Inhabitants Considered as Illustrative of Geology Such stones are, however, sometimes incorrectly called "chrysolite" by the trade, and this practice should be corrected, as the term chrysolite applies correctly only to the mineral olivine which gives us the peridot. A Text-Book of Precious Stones for Jewelers and the Gem-Loving Public Gabbro, from Carlingford Hill, Ireland, consisting of anorthite, augite, a little olivine, and magnetite. Volcanoes: Past and Present The vitreous matter which occurs in these lavas is principally present in the form of inclosures in the felspar, and, sometimes, the augite and olivine crystals previously described. Etna A History of the Mountain and of its Eruptions The minerals of diabase are the same as those of dolerite, viz. olivine, augite, and plagioclase felspar, with subordinate quantities of hornblende, biotite, iron oxides and apatite. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 8, Slice 3 "Destructors" to "Diameter" The original home of platinum is in basic igneous rocks, such as peridotites, pyroxenites, and dunites, where it has been found in small, scattered crystals intergrown with olivine, pyroxene, and chromite. The Economic Aspect of Geology Peridot, and the brighter olivine or chrysolite, while of the same mineral species, do not seem to occur together. A Text-Book of Precious Stones for Jewelers and the Gem-Loving Public In microscopic section the olivine is pale green or colourless, and is very frequently more or less altered to serpentine. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 3, Part 1, Slice 3 "Banks" to "Bassoon" The ground mass was found to consist of felspar microliths, and grains of olivine, augite, and magnetite, with some interstitial glass. Etna A History of the Mountain and of its Eruptions The olivine tint is Hispano Moriscan—a complexion, if not more beautiful, certainly more picturesque than that of the Saxon blonde. The Lone Ranche Like talc, they are derived principally from the alteration of olivine, pyroxene, and amphibole,—or more commonly from serpentine, which itself results from the alteration of these minerals. The Economic Aspect of Geology As was explained under garnet, jewelers frequently use the term "olivine" to designate demantoid garnet. A Text-Book of Precious Stones for Jewelers and the Gem-Loving Public Some patches of olivine and serpentine encouraged me to think that we should find a heavy belt of the rock somewhere along the upper part of the valley, but my hopes were not realized. The Hand in the Dark On the wall, placed there in adding to its height, were a broken taro pestle and a very dense siliceous rock, of high specific gravity, and filled with olivines. Archeological Investigations Bureau of American Ethnology, Bulletin 76 Its prevalence is due to the unstable composition of the original minerals of the rock, such as olivine, hypersthene, and pyroxene. History and Comprehensive Description of Loudoun County, Virginia It is supposed to have formed by the alteration of olivine and pyroxene in the igneous rocks. The Economic Aspect of Geology The green garnet that is called "olivine" in the trade also approaches diamond in luster, hence the name "demantoid," or diamond like, sometimes applied to it. A Text-Book of Precious Stones for Jewelers and the Gem-Loving Public Its hardness is not superior to that of olivine or massive chrysolite. Scientific American Supplement, No. 530, February 27, 1886 When you are tired of searching for my olivine and opal pin, just find it, for a change. The Tracer of Lost Persons The soil was mixed with pebbles of vesicular trap, probably amygdaloid with the kernels decomposed, and containing particles of olivine. Three Expeditions into the Interior of Eastern Australia, Volume 1 Both are common alteration products of magnesian silicate minerals such as olivine, pyroxene, and amphibole. The Economic Aspect of Geology This is how he composed his bouquet of flowers: the leaves were set with jewels of a pronounced, distinct green; the chrysoberyls of asparagus green; the chrysolites of leek green; the olivines of olive green. Against the Grain Chemical analysis shows that its composition is that of a ferruginous olivine. Scientific American Supplement, No. 530, February 27, 1886 The rock of the Cape consists mainly of volcanic agglomerate with olivine kenyte; it is much weathered and the destruction had formed quantities of coarse sand. Scott's Last Expedition Volume I Their commonest minerals are olivine, anorthite, hornblende, augite, biotite and leucite. The Project Gutenberg Encyclopedia Volume 1 of 28 Technically, chrysolite is synonymous with the precious stone peridot, or olivine—its tint is a yellowish green. Adonais I found a mass of crystals of the greenish volcanic glass, called olivine, imbedded in a piece of phonolite which looked as blue and fresh as if only quarried yesterday. The Hawaiian Archipelago The rock does not contain hornblende, but great crystals of foliated olivine, which have a triple cleavage.* Personal Narrative of Travels to the Equinoctial Regions of America, During the Year 1799-1804 — Volume 1 In them are found the beautiful olive-green crystals of the mineral called olivine, sometimes used by jewellers. Wonders of Creation In Bohemia, the rich veins of silver of Joachimsthal cut through basalt containing olivine, which overlies tertiary lignite, in which are leaves of dicotyledonous trees. The Student's Elements of Geology Small streams of black, basaltic lava, containing olivine and much glassy feldspar, have flowed from many, but not from all of these craters. Volcanic Islands The overlying basaltic lava is in some parts extremely vesicular, in others little so; it is of a black colour, but sometimes contains crystals of glassy feldspar, and seldom much olivine. Volcanic Islands Should we conclude from this position that they are of more recent formation than the lithoid basaltic lava, which contains olivine and augite? Personal Narrative of Travels to the Equinoctial Regions of America, During the Year 1799-1804 — Volume 1 Part of the same grain under the blowpipe would in some instances behave like olivine, its colour being only slightly changed, and part would give a black magnetic bead. Volcanic Islands Next to quartz, which is nearly pure silica or silicic acid, the most important are those silicates commonly classed under the several heads of feldspar, mica, hornblende or augite, and olivine. The Student's Elements of Geology Buch, Von, on cavernous lava. -on central volcanoes. -on crystals sinking in obsidian. -on laminated lava. -on obsidian streams. -on olivine in basalt. -on superficial calcareous beds in the Canary islands. Volcanic Islands The basalt in some parts abounds with large crystals of augite and olivine, and is generally compact. Volcanic Islands In the valley of Tia-auru, the commonest rocks are basalts with much olivine, and in some cases almost composed of large crystals of augite. Volcanic Islands These rocks possess an extremely varying character; they consist of black, brown, and grey, compact, basaltic bases, with numerous crystals of augite, hornblende, olivine, mica, and sometimes glassy feldspar. Volcanic Islands Thus trachyte is usually porphyritic; for in it, as in many modern lavas, there are crystals of feldspar; but in some porphyries the crystals are of augite, olivine, or other minerals. The Student's Elements of Geology The mass contains numerous broken crystals of olivine and augite, and small particles of black and brown scoriae; it is often traversed by thin seams of calcareous matter. Volcanic Islands This lava is of a pale grey colour, fusing into a black enamel; its fracture is rather earthy and concretionary; it contains olivine in small grains. Volcanic Islands A common variety is almost entirely composed of crystals of augite with olivine. Volcanic Islands Near the coast there are several varieties of basalt, some abounding with large crystals of augite and tarnished olivine, others compact and earthy,—some slightly vesicular, and others occasionally amygdaloidal. Volcanic Islands The newest of these, connected with the higher series of coal- measures, is well exhibited along the shores of the Forth, in Fifeshire, where they consist of basalt with olivine, amygdaloid, greenstone, wacke, and tuff. The Student's Elements of Geology |
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