| 单词 | necessitarian |
| 例句 | The regularists are the heirs of the nominalists; the necessitarians of the Epicureans. The Invention of Science 2015-09-17T00:00:00Z He adopted and advocated the utilitarian and necessitarian theory of morals, and wrote of ordinary theism and religion as arising from personification of unknown causes for general or special phenomena. Theological Essays 2012-03-27T02:00:21.867Z Collins was a pronounced necessitarian; Morgan regarded the denial of free will as tantamount to atheism. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 7, Slice 10 "David, St" to "Demidov" 2012-02-17T03:00:33.923Z He adopted and advocated the utilitarian and necessitarian theory of morals, and wrote of ordinary theism and religion, as arising from personification of unknown causes, for general or special phenomena. Heresy: Its Utility And Morality A Plea And A Justification 2011-05-31T02:00:37.797Z Collins and Edwards, and the whole race of necessitarian theologians, evidently toil under insurmountable difficulties, while attempting to base religion upon this doctrine, and effect their escape only under a fog of subtleties. A Review of Edwards's 2011-04-27T02:00:19.047Z In regard to this point, the necessitarian does not seem to have a very clear and definite idea. An Examination of President Edwards' Inquiry into the Freedom of the Will 2011-04-14T02:00:52.727Z That a worse “fatalism” is inculcated in the doctrine of a foreordaining and ever-directing providence, planning and controlling every one of the child’s actions, than ever was taught in necessitarian essays. Theological Essays 2012-03-27T02:00:21.867Z Unitarian theology is always coloured with the philosophy of the hour, and consequently it is now spiritual and transcendental instead of material and necessitarian. The Religious Life of London That a worse "fatalism" is inculcated in the doctrine of a fore-ordaining and ever-directing providence, planning and controlling every one of the child's actions, than ever was taught in necessitarian essays. Heresy: Its Utility And Morality A Plea And A Justification 2011-05-31T02:00:37.797Z The necessitarian may be an optimist of a high order. A Review of Edwards's 2011-04-27T02:00:19.047Z This appears to be so only to the mind of the necessitarian; from which one fixed idea has shut out the light of observation. An Examination of President Edwards' Inquiry into the Freedom of the Will 2011-04-14T02:00:52.727Z Now it is this—the real existence of countless human actions which need not have been and ought not to have been—which contemporary science, with a necessitarian bias, is largely occupied in denying. St. Paul's Epistle to the Romans, Vol. I A Practical Exposition “You quarrel with Calvinism,” I said; “and seem one of the most thorough-going necessitarians I ever knew.” Wilson's Tales of the Borders and of Scotland, Volume 2 Historical, Traditional, and Imaginative It is noticeable that the most effective intellects inclined to necessitarian conclusions: some in the shape of Calvinism, some in the corresponding philosophic form of Spinozism. Bunyan The wonder is, that the necessitarians, who usually admit that philosophical theory, should in practice equally lose sight of it. A System Of Logic, Ratiocinative And Inductive Now, one of the fallacies of the argument of the necessitarian is, that it is an attempt to draw a conclusion from the axiomatical truth above referred to, as from the major of a syllogism. An Examination of President Edwards' Inquiry into the Freedom of the Will 2011-04-14T02:00:52.727Z Is it not evident, that the house of the necessitarian is divided against itself? A Theodicy, or, Vindication of the Divine Glory To make man in all respects the product and creature of his natural environment would be to deny freedom and accept the radically necessitarian doctrine. The Approach to Philosophy The staunchest necessitarian, who argues theoretically that even when he says "I will" he is under the compulsion of external force, yet acts practically in exactly the same fashion as the rest of mankind. The Discipline of War Nine Addresses on the Lessons of the War in Connection with Lent Half an hour's conversation with him is enough to make a necessitarian of anybody. Famous Americans of Recent Times The justice of this remark may be shown, by a reference to the argument of the necessitarian. An Examination of President Edwards' Inquiry into the Freedom of the Will 2011-04-14T02:00:52.727Z For having identified an act of the will with a state of the sensibility, which is universally conceived to be necessitated, the necessitarian is delivered from more than half his labours. A Theodicy, or, Vindication of the Divine Glory There is an intrusion of what seems like factitious melodrama instead of that tissue of events which one expects from a stern necessitarian. Masters of the English Novel A Study of Principles and Personalities The closing chapters contain a lucid statement of objections to his theory as they might be put by a rigid necessitarian, and a refutation of that interpretation as applied to human action. Unconscious Memory It appears to be involved in several inevitable contradictions; in the exposure of which the necessitarian has been accustomed to triumph. An Examination of President Edwards' Inquiry into the Freedom of the Will 2011-04-14T02:00:52.727Z The ambiguity of the term cause is, indeed, one of the most powerful weapons, both of attack and defence, in the whole armory of the necessitarian. An Examination of President Edwards' Inquiry into the Freedom of the Will 2011-04-14T02:00:52.727Z They are not only at war with other necessitarians, they are also at war with themselves. A Theodicy, or, Vindication of the Divine Glory If this be all that is meant, why not state the thing so that it may be acquiesced in by the necessitarian, instead of keeping up such a war of words? An Examination of President Edwards' Inquiry into the Freedom of the Will 2011-04-14T02:00:52.727Z It can never be shown that it is involved in the absurdity of an endless series of causes; it will remain for the necessitarian alone to extricate himself from that absurdity. An Examination of President Edwards' Inquiry into the Freedom of the Will 2011-04-14T02:00:52.727Z The necessitarian has shown the absurdities of this hypothesis. An Examination of President Edwards' Inquiry into the Freedom of the Will 2011-04-14T02:00:52.727Z This immense chasm, the necessitarian can cross only by stepping over from one branch of his ambiguous proposition to another; he either does this, or he does not reach the point in controversy at all. An Examination of President Edwards' Inquiry into the Freedom of the Will 2011-04-14T02:00:52.727Z This consideration furnishes an easy and satisfactory solution of a problem, by which necessitarians are sadly perplexed. A Theodicy, or, Vindication of the Divine Glory This appeal is not declined by the necessitarian. An Examination of President Edwards' Inquiry into the Freedom of the Will 2011-04-14T02:00:52.727Z What little he has said on this subject, however, is sufficient to show with what faint hope of success the necessitarian can venture to submit his cause to the tribunal of consciousness. An Examination of President Edwards' Inquiry into the Freedom of the Will 2011-04-14T02:00:52.727Z Thus it is that the necessitarian goes to the true oracle within, and delivers oracles himself. An Examination of President Edwards' Inquiry into the Freedom of the Will 2011-04-14T02:00:52.727Z The assumption, that there is a real efficiency exerted by the desires and inclinations of the soul, has been, so far as I know, universally conceded to the necessitarian. An Examination of President Edwards' Inquiry into the Freedom of the Will 2011-04-14T02:00:52.727Z We cannot concur with these celebrated writers, and we would deduce a far different conclusion from the speculations of necessitarians. A Theodicy, or, Vindication of the Divine Glory The necessitarian says, a moment before the volition did not exist, now it does exist; and hence, it necessarily follows, that there must have been a cause by which it was brought into existence. An Examination of President Edwards' Inquiry into the Freedom of the Will 2011-04-14T02:00:52.727Z That every effect must have a cause, is the maxim upon which the necessitarian takes his stand, and from which he delights to draw his favourite conclusion. An Examination of President Edwards' Inquiry into the Freedom of the Will 2011-04-14T02:00:52.727Z Supposing this to be the case, how has it happened, it may be asked, that the argument of the necessitarian has appeared so conclusive to himself, as well as unanswerable to others? An Examination of President Edwards' Inquiry into the Freedom of the Will 2011-04-14T02:00:52.727Z One would certainly suppose so, but for the logic of the necessitarian. An Examination of President Edwards' Inquiry into the Freedom of the Will 2011-04-14T02:00:52.727Z The same reply is found more than once in the course of the same great work; and it is employed by all necessitarians in defence of their system. A Theodicy, or, Vindication of the Divine Glory The necessitarian never fails to avail himself of this ambiguity. An Examination of President Edwards' Inquiry into the Freedom of the Will 2011-04-14T02:00:52.727Z The manner in which the necessitarian speaks of cause in his maxims, and reasonings, and pretended demonstrations, is of very great service to him. An Examination of President Edwards' Inquiry into the Freedom of the Will 2011-04-14T02:00:52.727Z We should, therefore, neither affirm nor deny the whole proposition as it is set forth by the necessitarian; we should touch it with the dissecting knife, and cure it of its manifold infirmities. An Examination of President Edwards' Inquiry into the Freedom of the Will 2011-04-14T02:00:52.727Z A more striking instance could not be adduced to prove the correctness of the assertion already made, that the necessitarian confounds the motion of body with the action of mind. An Examination of President Edwards' Inquiry into the Freedom of the Will 2011-04-14T02:00:52.727Z Edwards is far from being the only necessitarian who has fallen into the error of identifying the sensibility with the will; thus reducing his doctrine to an unassailable truism. A Theodicy, or, Vindication of the Divine Glory The necessitarian may see the truth of this maxim clearly, but he applies it vaguely. An Examination of President Edwards' Inquiry into the Freedom of the Will 2011-04-14T02:00:52.727Z In other words, that we may freely admit the principle in question, and yet reject the application which the necessitarian is accustomed to make of it. An Examination of President Edwards' Inquiry into the Freedom of the Will 2011-04-14T02:00:52.727Z Herein, then, lies the error of the necessitarian. An Examination of President Edwards' Inquiry into the Freedom of the Will 2011-04-14T02:00:52.727Z It is an error, as I have already said, pervading the views of the necessitarian, that he confounds the action of mind with the motion of body. An Examination of President Edwards' Inquiry into the Freedom of the Will 2011-04-14T02:00:52.727Z With the light of this distinction in our minds, it will be easy to follow and expose the sophistries of the necessitarian. A Theodicy, or, Vindication of the Divine Glory If it were otherwise, if every cause were an effect in the sense in which a volition is assumed to be an effect by the necessitarian, what would be the consequence? An Examination of President Edwards' Inquiry into the Freedom of the Will 2011-04-14T02:00:52.727Z In this he is right; even the necessitarian will not, at the present day, deny that our desires, affections, &c., are different from volition. An Examination of President Edwards' Inquiry into the Freedom of the Will 2011-04-14T02:00:52.727Z Indeed, the idea or supposition in question, is one of the strongholds of the necessitarian. An Examination of President Edwards' Inquiry into the Freedom of the Will 2011-04-14T02:00:52.727Z How short and easy has the path of the necessitarian been made, by a convenient definition! An Examination of President Edwards' Inquiry into the Freedom of the Will 2011-04-14T02:00:52.727Z The views of M'Cosh respecting the freedom of the will, seem, at first sight, widely different from those of other Calvinists and necessitarians. A Theodicy, or, Vindication of the Divine Glory Let the necessitarian answer this question, and then determine whether his logic is consistent with itself. An Examination of President Edwards' Inquiry into the Freedom of the Will 2011-04-14T02:00:52.727Z Why, if the will is not distinguished from the affections, we shall have the will acting upon itself; a doctrine to which the necessitarian will not listen for a moment. An Examination of President Edwards' Inquiry into the Freedom of the Will 2011-04-14T02:00:52.727Z The necessitarian, like a skilful general, is not slow to attack this weak point in the philosophy of free-agency. An Examination of President Edwards' Inquiry into the Freedom of the Will 2011-04-14T02:00:52.727Z This is a fact which the necessitarian always overlooks. An Examination of President Edwards' Inquiry into the Freedom of the Will 2011-04-14T02:00:52.727Z In open defiance of all Calvinistic and necessitarian philosophy, he even adopts the self-determining power of the will. A Theodicy, or, Vindication of the Divine Glory But in making this attack upon the position of his opponent, when viewed as designed to serve the cause of free-agency, the necessitarian overlooks its bearing upon his own scheme. An Examination of President Edwards' Inquiry into the Freedom of the Will 2011-04-14T02:00:52.727Z No other necessitarian has made so formal and elaborate an attempt to prove, that the mind may be caused to act. An Examination of President Edwards' Inquiry into the Freedom of the Will 2011-04-14T02:00:52.727Z The ideas of a condition and of a cause, though so different in themselves, are always blended together by necessitarians; and hence the confusion into which they run. An Examination of President Edwards' Inquiry into the Freedom of the Will 2011-04-14T02:00:52.727Z The language of the necessitarian, I am aware, sometimes points to the volition itself, and sometimes to the will; but we should always understand him as referring to the mind. An Examination of President Edwards' Inquiry into the Freedom of the Will 2011-04-14T02:00:52.727Z He freely concedes, that “we can do as we please,” and supposes that the reader may be startled to hear that this is “cordially admitted by the necessitarians themselves!” A Theodicy, or, Vindication of the Divine Glory This strange confusion of things is very common in the writings of the Edwardses, as well as in those of all other necessitarians. An Examination of President Edwards' Inquiry into the Freedom of the Will 2011-04-14T02:00:52.727Z If we only bear the distinction between the sensibility and the will in mind, it will be exceedingly easy to see through the cloudy sophistications of the necessitarian. An Examination of President Edwards' Inquiry into the Freedom of the Will 2011-04-14T02:00:52.727Z The argument from the foreknowledge of God, is one on which the necessitarian relies with great confidence. An Examination of President Edwards' Inquiry into the Freedom of the Will 2011-04-14T02:00:52.727Z To show that they can, the necessitarian, as we have seen, has confounded a passive impression with an active volition. An Examination of President Edwards' Inquiry into the Freedom of the Will 2011-04-14T02:00:52.727Z The defenders of this doctrine are directly opposed, in regard to a fundamental point, to all other necessitarians. A Theodicy, or, Vindication of the Divine Glory This ground is taken by many eminent necessitarians. An Examination of President Edwards' Inquiry into the Freedom of the Will 2011-04-14T02:00:52.727Z This assumption comes with a peculiarly ill grace from the necessitarian. An Examination of President Edwards' Inquiry into the Freedom of the Will 2011-04-14T02:00:52.727Z In conclusion, the necessitarian takes the wrong course in his inquiries, and lays his premises in the dark. An Examination of President Edwards' Inquiry into the Freedom of the Will 2011-04-14T02:00:52.727Z Another attempt is made to link the conclusion drawn from the foreknowledge of God, with the point to be established by the necessitarian. An Examination of President Edwards' Inquiry into the Freedom of the Will 2011-04-14T02:00:52.727Z It clearly seems, that if it proves anything in favour of necessity, it proves everything for which the most absolute necessitarian can contend. A Theodicy, or, Vindication of the Divine Glory And it is worse than idle for the necessitarian to endeavour to establish any other kind of necessity beside this. An Examination of President Edwards' Inquiry into the Freedom of the Will 2011-04-14T02:00:52.727Z Now, I fully recognize these differences between natural and moral necessity, as they are viewed by the necessitarian. An Examination of President Edwards' Inquiry into the Freedom of the Will 2011-04-14T02:00:52.727Z In the full light, and in the perfect recognition of this distinction, we deny that it will serve the purpose of the necessitarian. An Examination of President Edwards' Inquiry into the Freedom of the Will 2011-04-14T02:00:52.727Z Yet this position the necessitarian has been compelled to assume. An Examination of President Edwards' Inquiry into the Freedom of the Will 2011-04-14T02:00:52.727Z There is another way in which the language of the necessitarian deceives. A Theodicy, or, Vindication of the Divine Glory It was in that way, that Edwards became a necessitarian; it is in this, that many a necessitarian has become an infidel or an atheist. An Examination of President Edwards' Inquiry into the Freedom of the Will 2011-04-14T02:00:52.727Z Nowhere, it is believed, can a more striking illustration of the truth of these pregnant words be found, than in the method adopted by necessitarians. A Theodicy, or, Vindication of the Divine Glory This conception, however, is not peculiar to the necessitarian. A Theodicy, or, Vindication of the Divine Glory Yet this is precisely the way in which the necessitarian proceeds, when he infers the necessity of human actions from the foreknowledge of God. An Examination of President Edwards' Inquiry into the Freedom of the Will 2011-04-14T02:00:52.727Z As we have seen in the last section, the argument of the necessitarian is frequently directed against a false issue; but the point is worthy of a still more careful consideration. A Theodicy, or, Vindication of the Divine Glory The school of the necessitarian is, in reality, a house divided against itself; and that, too, in regard to the most vital and fundamental point of its philosophy. A Theodicy, or, Vindication of the Divine Glory The necessitarian, in his attempts to vindicate the purity of God, has not been more successful than in his endeavours to establish the freedom and accountability of man. A Theodicy, or, Vindication of the Divine Glory But fortunately the assumption of the necessitarian is not true. A Theodicy, or, Vindication of the Divine Glory This is not the only ambiguity of the term in question which has been turned to account by the necessitarian. An Examination of President Edwards' Inquiry into the Freedom of the Will 2011-04-14T02:00:52.727Z This distinction, though so clearly founded in the nature of things, is always overlooked by the logic of the necessitarian. A Theodicy, or, Vindication of the Divine Glory Descartes met the argument of the necessitarian, not by exposing its fallacy, but by repelling the conclusion of it on extraneous grounds. A Theodicy, or, Vindication of the Divine Glory Such is one of the favourite arguments of the necessitarian. A Theodicy, or, Vindication of the Divine Glory The necessitarian contends that “volition, or an act of the mind, is the effect of motive, and that it is subject to the power and action of its cause.” A Theodicy, or, Vindication of the Divine Glory This never has been shown; and the attempts of the necessitarian to show it, as we have seen, are among the most signal failures in the whole range of human philosophy. An Examination of President Edwards' Inquiry into the Freedom of the Will 2011-04-14T02:00:52.727Z In the ambiguity which fails to distinguish between “the relation of cause and effect,” and the relation which volition bears to its antecedents, “consists the strength of the necessitarian system.” A Theodicy, or, Vindication of the Divine Glory There is another false conception, by which the necessitarian fortifies himself in his opposition to the freedom of the will. A Theodicy, or, Vindication of the Divine Glory If the sceptic could see what the necessitarian affirms, he might proceed from what he knows, by a direct and irresistible process, to a denial of the foreknowledge of God, in relation to human volitions. A Theodicy, or, Vindication of the Divine Glory The same definition has been adopted by Leibnitz, by Collins, by Gravezende, by Edwards, by Bonnet, and by all later necessitarians.” A Theodicy, or, Vindication of the Divine Glory It is the necessitarian, who is always talking about the ambiguities of language, that is continually building upon them. An Examination of President Edwards' Inquiry into the Freedom of the Will 2011-04-14T02:00:52.727Z Thus the necessitarian seems to be fairly caught in his own toils, and entrapped by his own definition and arguments. A Theodicy, or, Vindication of the Divine Glory Yet this definition of the freedom of the will, though so superficially false, is precisely that which has found the most general acceptance among necessitarians. A Theodicy, or, Vindication of the Divine Glory Indeed, this is the course pursued by some of the most enlightened Calvinistic necessitarians of the present day. A Theodicy, or, Vindication of the Divine Glory This is the only wise course; and it is the only safe course for the necessitarian. A Theodicy, or, Vindication of the Divine Glory This is the question in dispute; and hence, if the necessitarian would say any thing to the purpose, he must show that his scheme is reconcilable with the freedom of the mind in willing. An Examination of President Edwards' Inquiry into the Freedom of the Will 2011-04-14T02:00:52.727Z Thus the ancient Stoics endeavoured to find the freedom of the soul, where Spinoza and so many modern necessitarians have sought to find it, in the passive, necessitated states of the intelligence. A Theodicy, or, Vindication of the Divine Glory It either proves all the most absolute necessitarian could desire, or it proves nothing. A Theodicy, or, Vindication of the Divine Glory |
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