| 单词 | abstractive |
| 例句 | To-day it is no longer difficult to understand how the divine ideas were born, how they were created in succession by the abstractive faculty of man. God and the State 2011-07-02T02:00:10.230Z We have no intuitive insight into their natures; all our knowledge here is abstractive and discursive. Ontology or the Theory of Being 2011-04-01T02:00:38.727Z According to my own theory it only differentiates itself from time at a somewhat developed stage of the abstractive process. The Concept of Nature The Tarner Lectures Delivered in Trinity College, November 1919 The merely sense-conscious man is the man-animal; the abstractive man is the average man and woman in the world to-day—the human who is evolving out of the mental into the spiritual consciousness. Cosmic Consciousness I define ‘covering’ as follows: An abstractive set p covers an abstractive set q when every member of p contains as its parts some members of q. The Concept of Nature The Tarner Lectures Delivered in Trinity College, November 1919 In such a case I will say that the abstractive set q ‘inheres in’ the event e. The Concept of Nature The Tarner Lectures Delivered in Trinity College, November 1919 Thus when an abstractive set p covers an abstractive set q, the abstractive set q inheres in every member of p. The Concept of Nature The Tarner Lectures Delivered in Trinity College, November 1919 I will call such a set of durations an ‘abstractive set’ of durations. The Concept of Nature The Tarner Lectures Delivered in Trinity College, November 1919 As an instinctive he is below the level; as an abstractive he attains it; as a specialist he rises above it. Cosmic Consciousness Two abstractive sets may each cover the other. The Concept of Nature The Tarner Lectures Delivered in Trinity College, November 1919 When this is the case I shall call the two sets ‘equal in abstractive force.’ The Concept of Nature The Tarner Lectures Delivered in Trinity College, November 1919 When there is no danger of misunderstanding I shall shorten this phrase by simply saying that the two abstractive sets are ‘equal.’ The Concept of Nature The Tarner Lectures Delivered in Trinity College, November 1919 It is evident that an abstractive set as we pass along it converges to the ideal of all nature with no temporal extension, namely, to the ideal of all nature at an instant. The Concept of Nature The Tarner Lectures Delivered in Trinity College, November 1919 The possibility of this equality of abstractive sets arises from the fact that both sets, p and q, are infinite series towards their small ends. The Concept of Nature The Tarner Lectures Delivered in Trinity College, November 1919 The importance of the equality of abstractive sets arises from the assumption that the intrinsic characters of the two sets are identical. The Concept of Nature The Tarner Lectures Delivered in Trinity College, November 1919 It is evident that any two abstractive sets which are equal to a third abstractive set are equal to each other. The Concept of Nature The Tarner Lectures Delivered in Trinity College, November 1919 An ‘abstractive element’ is the whole group of abstractive sets which are equal to any one of themselves. The Concept of Nature The Tarner Lectures Delivered in Trinity College, November 1919 What the abstractive set is in fact doing is to guide thought to the consideration of the progressive simplicity of natural relations as we progressively diminish the temporal extension of the duration considered. The Concept of Nature The Tarner Lectures Delivered in Trinity College, November 1919 Thus all abstractive sets belonging to the same element are equal and converge to the same intrinsic character. The Concept of Nature The Tarner Lectures Delivered in Trinity College, November 1919 Thus an abstractive element is the group of routes of approximation to a definite intrinsic character of ideal simplicity to be found as a limit among natural facts. The Concept of Nature The Tarner Lectures Delivered in Trinity College, November 1919 Accordingly it is useful to stretch the meaning of the term ‘covering,’ and to speak of one abstractive element ‘covering’ another abstractive element. The Concept of Nature The Tarner Lectures Delivered in Trinity College, November 1919 If we attempt in like manner to stretch the term ‘equal’ in the sense of ‘equal in abstractive force,’ it is obvious that an abstractive element can only be equal to itself. The Concept of Nature The Tarner Lectures Delivered in Trinity College, November 1919 Now the whole point of the procedure is that the quantitative expressions of these natural properties do converge to limits though the abstractive set does not converge to any limiting duration. The Concept of Nature The Tarner Lectures Delivered in Trinity College, November 1919 In my last lecture I have already investigated one class of abstractive elements, namely moments. The Concept of Nature The Tarner Lectures Delivered in Trinity College, November 1919 Each moment is a group of abstractive sets, and the events which are members of these sets are all members of one family of durations. The Concept of Nature The Tarner Lectures Delivered in Trinity College, November 1919 The first thing to do is to get hold of the class of abstractive elements which are in some sense the points of space. The Concept of Nature The Tarner Lectures Delivered in Trinity College, November 1919 Such an abstractive element must in some sense exhibit a convergence to an absolute minimum of intrinsic character. The Concept of Nature The Tarner Lectures Delivered in Trinity College, November 1919 The laws relating these quantitative limits are the laws of nature ‘at an instant,’ although in truth there is no nature at an instant and there is only the abstractive set. The Concept of Nature The Tarner Lectures Delivered in Trinity College, November 1919 It is this character of being an absolute minimum which we want to get at and to express in terms of the extrinsic characters of the abstractive sets which make up a point. The Concept of Nature The Tarner Lectures Delivered in Trinity College, November 1919 Thus an event-particle is an abstractive element and as such is a group of abstractive sets; and a point—namely a point of timeless space—will be a class of event-particles. The Concept of Nature The Tarner Lectures Delivered in Trinity College, November 1919 The required character of the abstractive sets which form event-particles would be secured if we could define them as having the property of being covered by any abstractive set which they cover. The Concept of Nature The Tarner Lectures Delivered in Trinity College, November 1919 For then any other abstractive set which an abstractive set of an event-particle covered, would be equal to it, and would therefore be a member of the same event-particle. The Concept of Nature The Tarner Lectures Delivered in Trinity College, November 1919 Thus an abstractive set is effectively the entity meant when we consider an instant of time without temporal extension. The Concept of Nature The Tarner Lectures Delivered in Trinity College, November 1919 It is then easy to prove that there will be no abstractive set with the property of being covered by every abstractive set which it covers. The Concept of Nature The Tarner Lectures Delivered in Trinity College, November 1919 We have got to annex some condition to the root property of being covered by any abstractive set which it covers. The Concept of Nature The Tarner Lectures Delivered in Trinity College, November 1919 Let σ be the name of any condition which some abstractive sets fulfil. The Concept of Nature The Tarner Lectures Delivered in Trinity College, November 1919 In other words you cannot get any abstractive set satisfying the condition σ which exhibits intrinsic character more simple than that of a σ-prime. The Concept of Nature The Tarner Lectures Delivered in Trinity College, November 1919 An abstractive series is a route of approximation. The Concept of Nature The Tarner Lectures Delivered in Trinity College, November 1919 There are also the correlative abstractive sets which I call the sets of σ-antiprimes. The Concept of Nature The Tarner Lectures Delivered in Trinity College, November 1919 In other words you cannot get any abstractive set satisfying the condition σ which exhibits an intrinsic character more complex than that of a σ-antiprime. The Concept of Nature The Tarner Lectures Delivered in Trinity College, November 1919 An abstractive set which satisfies this condition is thus an abstractive set composed wholly of durations. The Concept of Nature The Tarner Lectures Delivered in Trinity College, November 1919 It is convenient then to define a moment as the group of abstractive sets which are equal to some σ-antiprime, where the condition σ has this special meaning. The Concept of Nature The Tarner Lectures Delivered in Trinity College, November 1919 In other words there are different abstractive sets which are to be regarded as routes of approximation to the same moment. The Concept of Nature The Tarner Lectures Delivered in Trinity College, November 1919 This additional notion is obtained by distinguishing between the notion of ‘position’ and the notion of convergence to an ideal zero of extension as exhibited by an abstractive set of events. The Concept of Nature The Tarner Lectures Delivered in Trinity College, November 1919 Instantaneous space must be an assemblage of abstractive elements considered in their mutual relations. The Concept of Nature The Tarner Lectures Delivered in Trinity College, November 1919 Thus an instantaneous space is the assemblage of abstractive elements covered by some one moment, and it is the instantaneous space of that moment. The Concept of Nature The Tarner Lectures Delivered in Trinity College, November 1919 The locus of intersection of two moments is the assemblage of abstractive elements covered by both of them. The Concept of Nature The Tarner Lectures Delivered in Trinity College, November 1919 Accordingly there is a certain amount of technical detail necessary in explaining the relations of such abstractive sets with the same convergence and in guarding against possible exceptional cases. The Concept of Nature The Tarner Lectures Delivered in Trinity College, November 1919 Thus a punct is the assemblage of abstractive elements which lie in each of four moments whose families have no special relations to each other. The Concept of Nature The Tarner Lectures Delivered in Trinity College, November 1919 Accordingly an event-particle as thus defined is an abstractive element, namely it is the group of those abstractive sets which are each equal to some given abstractive set. The Concept of Nature The Tarner Lectures Delivered in Trinity College, November 1919 The intrinsic character of an event-particle is indivisible in the sense that every abstractive set covered by it exhibits the same intrinsic character. The Concept of Nature The Tarner Lectures Delivered in Trinity College, November 1919 It follows that, though there are diverse abstractive elements covered by event-particles, there is no advantage to be gained by considering them since we gain no additional simplicity in the expression of natural properties. The Concept of Nature The Tarner Lectures Delivered in Trinity College, November 1919 It is more convenient for technical purposes to look on a moment as being the class of all abstractive sets of durations with the same convergence. The Concept of Nature The Tarner Lectures Delivered in Trinity College, November 1919 It is obviously convenient to sweep away out of our thoughts all these stray abstractive sets which are covered by event-particles without themselves being members of them. The Concept of Nature The Tarner Lectures Delivered in Trinity College, November 1919 In so doing we are also cutting out those abstractive elements which cover sets of event-particles, without these elements being event-particles themselves. The Concept of Nature The Tarner Lectures Delivered in Trinity College, November 1919 There are classes of these abstractive elements which are of great importance. The Concept of Nature The Tarner Lectures Delivered in Trinity College, November 1919 Furthermore it was also noted that there were many spatial abstractive elements which we had not yet defined. The Concept of Nature The Tarner Lectures Delivered in Trinity College, November 1919 You will remember that in my last lecture I defined the concept of an abstractive set of durations. The Concept of Nature The Tarner Lectures Delivered in Trinity College, November 1919 We will first consider the definition of some of these abstractive elements, namely the definitions of solids, of areas, and of routes. The Concept of Nature The Tarner Lectures Delivered in Trinity College, November 1919 Each event-particle is a group of equal abstractive sets and each abstractive set towards its small-end is composed of smaller and smaller finite events. The Concept of Nature The Tarner Lectures Delivered in Trinity College, November 1919 We can also define a solid as an abstractive element. The Concept of Nature The Tarner Lectures Delivered in Trinity College, November 1919 Let the condition named σ stand for the fact that each of the events of any abstractive set satisfying it has all the event-particles of some particular solid lying in it. The Concept of Nature The Tarner Lectures Delivered in Trinity College, November 1919 Thus, so far as the abstractive sets of events are concerned, an abstractive set converges to nothing. The Concept of Nature The Tarner Lectures Delivered in Trinity College, November 1919 Then the group of all the σ-primes is the abstractive element which is associated with the given solid. The Concept of Nature The Tarner Lectures Delivered in Trinity College, November 1919 I will call this abstractive element the solid as an abstractive element, and I will call the aggregate of event-particles the solid as a locus. The Concept of Nature The Tarner Lectures Delivered in Trinity College, November 1919 The instantaneous volumes in instantaneous space which are the ideals of our sense-perception are volumes as abstractive elements. The Concept of Nature The Tarner Lectures Delivered in Trinity College, November 1919 What we really perceive with all our efforts after exactness are small events far enough down some abstractive set belonging to the volume as an abstractive element. The Concept of Nature The Tarner Lectures Delivered in Trinity College, November 1919 We can arbitrarily exclude any set of events at the big end of an abstractive set without the loss of any important property to the set as thus modified. The Concept of Nature The Tarner Lectures Delivered in Trinity College, November 1919 Its particular property of being closed prevents it from being definable as an abstractive element. The Concept of Nature The Tarner Lectures Delivered in Trinity College, November 1919 Momental areas can evidently be defined as abstractive elements by exactly the same method as applied to solids. The Concept of Nature The Tarner Lectures Delivered in Trinity College, November 1919 Such a segment can also be defined as an abstractive element. The Concept of Nature The Tarner Lectures Delivered in Trinity College, November 1919 Our actual perception, however exact, will be the perception of a small event sufficiently far down one of the abstractive sets of the abstractive element. The Concept of Nature The Tarner Lectures Delivered in Trinity College, November 1919 The fact that the extrinsic character of an abstractive set determines a definite intrinsic character is the reason of the importance of the precise concepts of space and time. The Concept of Nature The Tarner Lectures Delivered in Trinity College, November 1919 A station can also be defined in the character of an abstractive element. The Concept of Nature The Tarner Lectures Delivered in Trinity College, November 1919 Then the group of σ-primes, where σ has this meaning, is an abstractive element and is the station of P in d as an abstractive element. The Concept of Nature The Tarner Lectures Delivered in Trinity College, November 1919 The locus of event-particles covered by the station of P in d as an abstractive element is the station of P in d as a locus. The Concept of Nature The Tarner Lectures Delivered in Trinity College, November 1919 A station has accordingly the usual three characters, namely, its character of position, its extrinsic character as an abstractive element, and its intrinsic character. The Concept of Nature The Tarner Lectures Delivered in Trinity College, November 1919 This emergence of a definite intrinsic character from an abstractive set is the precise meaning of the law of convergence. The Concept of Nature The Tarner Lectures Delivered in Trinity College, November 1919 There is a derivative relation between objects and spatial elements which I call the relation of location; and when this relation holds, I say that the object is located in the abstractive element. The Concept of Nature The Tarner Lectures Delivered in Trinity College, November 1919 In all cases however I use situation to express a relation between objects and events and not between objects and abstractive elements. The Concept of Nature The Tarner Lectures Delivered in Trinity College, November 1919 An object is located in an abstractive element, when an abstractive set belonging to that element can be found such that each event belonging to that set is a situation of the object. The Concept of Nature The Tarner Lectures Delivered in Trinity College, November 1919 It will be remembered that an abstractive element is a certain group of abstractive sets, and that each abstractive set is a set of events. The Concept of Nature The Tarner Lectures Delivered in Trinity College, November 1919 We now pass to the investigation of possible connexions between abstractive sets. The Concept of Nature The Tarner Lectures Delivered in Trinity College, November 1919 This definition defines the location of an element in any type of abstractive element. The Concept of Nature The Tarner Lectures Delivered in Trinity College, November 1919 |
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