| 单词 | muscle cell |
| 例句 | It furnishes mechanical energy to muscle cells; electrical energy to nerve cells. Silent Spring 1962-09-27T00:00:00Z But only red blood cells were affected by the altered genes—not Noel’s neurons or kidneys or liver cells or muscle cells. The Gene 2016-06-02T00:00:00Z Thus, in a muscle cell, energy to contract is gained when a terminal phosphate group is transferred to the contracting muscle. Silent Spring 1962-09-27T00:00:00Z In reality, the scientists grew thin sheets of bovine muscle cells — thousands of sheets, each no wider than a strand of hair — which they essentially fused together with a kind of meat glue. Can we save the prized bluefin tuna, and its habitat, by growing it in a lab? 2018-11-12T05:00:00Z When insulin is resistant, it is less effective in getting the sugar — the fuel — to the muscle cells. Prediabetes doesn’t have to be a ‘doomsday message’: What you need to know, and do 2016-10-18T04:00:00Z In comparison, lab cultures are able to turn four pounds of feed into one pound of beef muscle cell , all of which is edible. Could we all be buying lab-grown meat soon? 2023-03-10T05:00:00Z "By exercising, you can increase the muscle cells to use the glucose and insulin more efficiently," McLaughlin said. Chicago woman loses 143 pounds, reverses diabetes: Expert weighs in 2022-02-11T05:00:00Z Resistance training not only improves the resting metabolic rate, but it also appears to improve the health of the actual muscle cells, Kahan says. To get a flatter belly, start by getting enough sleep 2016-09-20T04:00:00Z In 2002, the space agency funded a group of scientists who went on to successfully grow goldfish muscle cells, which, they said, “resemble fresh fish filets,” although they were never tasted in public. Fake burgers will save us all! 2013-12-08T22:00:00Z The muscle cells still need, in the words of the researchers, to “bulk up” into solid fibers. Fake burgers will save us all! 2013-12-08T22:00:00Z Then, the researchers compared them with muscle cells obtained from sedentary mice. Some benefits of exercise stem from the immune system 2023-11-03T04:00:00Z At the core of this vital organ, intricate processes occur when it contracts, where thick and thin protein-filaments interact within the sarcomere, the fundamental building block of both skeletal and heart muscle cells. Breakthrough discovery sheds light on heart and muscle health 2023-11-01T04:00:00Z They can become any kind of cell, such as heart or kidney cells, muscle cells, or neurons. Controlling organoids with light 2023-10-30T04:00:00Z The research team found that some of the proteins in the muscle cells act as a temperature sensor, and that heating affects skeletal and cardiac contractile systems differently. New evidence explains how warming-up enhances muscle performance 2023-10-25T04:00:00Z The findings offer a simpler, less time-consuming way for medical researchers to program muscle cell alignment, which is strongly tied to healthy muscle function. Moving muscle fibers with magnets 'programs' how they align within tissue 2023-10-20T04:00:00Z None of those changes were seen in the muscle cells of sedentary mice. Some benefits of exercise stem from the immune system 2023-11-03T04:00:00Z The transformation of heart muscle cells from birth until they reach full maturity involves significant shifts in their structure, functionality, and physiological properties. Team finds a stem-cell derived mechanism that could lead to regenerative therapies for heart damage 2023-10-17T04:00:00Z For the consistent synchronised pumping of the heart, the heart muscle cells must interact with each other. Same genes behind heart muscle disorders in humans and Dobermanns 2023-09-22T04:00:00Z Skeletal muscle contracts in response to electrical signals from the nervous system, which activate proteins in muscle cells and allow us to move. New evidence explains how warming-up enhances muscle performance 2023-10-25T04:00:00Z To stimulate the muscle cells in a more true-to-life way, Raman and her team grew cells in a Petri dish on a soft gel that contained magnetic particles. Moving muscle fibers with magnets 'programs' how they align within tissue 2023-10-20T04:00:00Z Their muscle cells also had strikingly swollen mitochondria, a sign of metabolic abnormality. Some benefits of exercise stem from the immune system 2023-11-03T04:00:00Z Some of them become blood cells, others muscle cells and still others become nerve cells. Career choice in stem cells: Predetermined or self-selected? 2023-09-19T04:00:00Z Muscle tissue is made up of long, slim fibers, each one containing a single muscle cell. How to Keep Muscles Strong as You Age 2023-07-02T04:00:00Z More muscle means more metabolically demanding muscle cells, which translates into a higher resting metabolism. Can You Change Your Metabolism? 2023-06-14T04:00:00Z The introduced gene doesn’t become part of the cat’s muscle cell DNA, so it’s possible that it will disappear over time as muscle cells regenerate. Hello kitty, goodbye kittens? Gene therapy spays cats without surgery 2023-06-06T04:00:00Z Parker and his colleagues also used rat heart muscle cells in a robot that swims by means of rippling motions modeled on those of the ray fish. Synthetic Morphology Lets Scientists Create New Life-Forms 2023-05-31T04:00:00Z Without it, muscle cells become damaged and gradually die. Muscular dystrophy gene therapy nears approval, but safety concerns linger 2023-05-23T04:00:00Z But as we age, there is a decline in the overall number of muscle cells—along with mitochondria, which are essential for producing and storing energy in muscle. How to Keep Muscles Strong as You Age 2023-07-02T04:00:00Z Spinal motor neurons, which synapse on muscle cells, use acetylcholine as their neurotransmitter. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z These connections allow the electrical signal to travel directly to neighboring muscle cells. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z The team at the University of Washington created special cardiomyocytes — heart muscle cells — with four altered genes and implanted millions of them in Yucatan minipigs, hairless animals that weigh about 110 to 120 pounds. Gene-edited cells move science closer to repairing damaged hearts 2023-04-28T04:00:00Z But until researchers figure out how to steer the fat bubbles to muscle cells, AAV remains the only proven option for targeting the tissue. Muscular dystrophy gene therapy nears approval, but safety concerns linger 2023-05-23T04:00:00Z In areas that got zapped, heart muscle cells temporarily switched on certain genes that normally are dormant in adulthood. Putting radiation to the test to heal irregular heartbeat 2023-04-27T04:00:00Z Contrary to popular belief, the number of muscle fibers cannot be increased through exercise; instead the muscle cells simply get bigger. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z Food intake in more than necessary amounts is stored as glycogen in the liver and muscle cells, and in adipose tissue. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z They altered different combinations of those genes in stem cells, which they then grew into heart muscle cells. Gene-edited cells move science closer to repairing damaged hearts 2023-04-28T04:00:00Z For example, the gene editor could be used in some patients to “repair” the existing dystrophin gene in muscle cells by snipping out a sequence that causes cells to misread it. Muscular dystrophy gene therapy nears approval, but safety concerns linger 2023-05-23T04:00:00Z The research team introduced ChRmine into heart muscle cells of live mice whose torsos were fitted with a vest equipped with a micro–light-emitting diode bulb. A racing heart makes the mind race, too, mouse study finds 2023-02-28T05:00:00Z Smooth muscle cells contain only one nucleus and no striations. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z Notice that skeletal muscle cells are long and cylindrical, they have multiple nuclei, and the small, dark nuclei are pushed to the periphery of the cell. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z The main advantage to injecting heart muscle cells is that the procedure would not require open-heart surgery. Gene-edited cells move science closer to repairing damaged hearts 2023-04-28T04:00:00Z FBP2 encodes an enzyme in muscle cells that catalyzes this reversal of glycolysis. Evolution Turns These Knobs to Make a Hummingbird Hyperquick and a Cavefish Sluggishly Slow 2023-02-24T05:00:00Z Injecting a small dose into mice, they showed the vectors infected muscle cells, causing them to churn out the decoy, which then protected the animals from infection for up to 2 months. Protein decoys for viruses may battle COVID-19 and more 2023-01-26T05:00:00Z Like smooth muscle, cardiac muscle cells contain only one nucleus. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z Smooth muscle cells are short, tapered at each end, and have only one nucleus each. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z Eat three meals a day with adequate protein — about 25 to 30 grams, or 3.5 to 4 ounces — at each, and you give your body three opportunities to build new muscle cells. What’s new in intermittent fasting research? More not-so-good news 2023-01-23T05:00:00Z Instead the researchers used a quail muscle cell line to knock out FBP2. Evolution Turns These Knobs to Make a Hummingbird Hyperquick and a Cavefish Sluggishly Slow 2023-02-24T05:00:00Z Once the toxin reaches the worm’s neurons and muscle cells, it destabilizes the normal flow of ions across the cells’ membranes, causing catastrophic failure. The Toxin That Helps Oyster Mushrooms Devour Worm Flesh 2023-01-18T05:00:00Z Skeletal muscle cells are also long but have striations across them and many small nuclei per cell. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z The coordinated contractions of many sarcomeres in a myofibril leads to contraction of the entire muscle cell and ultimately the muscle itself. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z Your body can only break down about 4 ounces of that steak or chicken breast from that meal into the amino acids that are the building blocks of new muscle cells. What’s new in intermittent fasting research? More not-so-good news 2023-01-23T05:00:00Z They then measured the rate of glycolysis in the quail muscle cells and showed that the process indeed runs faster when the gene is knocked out. Evolution Turns These Knobs to Make a Hummingbird Hyperquick and a Cavefish Sluggishly Slow 2023-02-24T05:00:00Z Using those results, he grouped the larval and juvenile cells into different types—nerve cells, muscle cells, and the like. How shapeless blobs of cells grow into wriggling worms 2023-01-16T05:00:00Z The smooth muscle cells are long and arranged in parallel bands. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z Cardiomyocytes are distinctive muscle cells that are striated like skeletal muscle but pump rhythmically and involuntarily like smooth muscle; adjacent cells are connected by intercalated disks found only in cardiac muscle. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z Others say it increases the “pump,” when muscle cells swell with fluid during a hard workout and get visibly bigger for a few minutes. What bodybuilders do to their bodies — and brains Its nuggets are made from animal muscle cells in a lab. Lab-grown chicken safe to eat, say US regulators 2022-11-17T05:00:00Z Extra pounds raise your risk for diabetes by sending more fat into muscle cells, which makes it difficult for your muscles to absorb blood sugar. The right foods can help lower your blood sugar 2022-11-14T05:00:00Z Cardiac muscles are shorter than smooth or skeletal muscle cells, and each cell has one nucleus. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z In keeping with our theme of form following function, it is important to point out that muscle cells have a very high concentration of mitochondria because muscle cells need a lot of energy to contract. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z In mammals, black widow venom kills muscle cells and leaves a spreading wake of damage around the bite. You See a Venomous Black Widow. These Lizards See a Snack. 2022-10-18T04:00:00Z In a later study, he and his colleagues connected three organoids: one made of cortex, another of spinal cord and a third of muscle cells. Human Brain Cells Grow in Rats, and Feel What the Rats Feel 2022-10-12T04:00:00Z But human muscle cells marinating in hibernators’ blood produced far less of a substance known to break down muscle and far more of other substances that sustain muscle growth. Hibernating fat bears are complex. They may hold lessons for human health. 2022-10-05T04:00:00Z Cardiac muscles are shorter than smooth or skeletal muscle cells, and each cell has one nucleus. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z These components are also common in muscle cells and are responsible for muscle cell contraction. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z Signals arrive at the cell body across synapses or through dendrites, stimulating the neuron to generate its own signal, sent along its long axon to other nerve or muscle cells. College Physics for AP Courses 2015-08-12T00:00:00Z A signal transduction pathway allows muscle cells to respond to immediate requirements for energy in the form of glucose. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Stem cells in a dish can in turn be transformed back into heart cells, muscle cells, or brain cells or even turned into miniature organs. Animals could hold the key to human longevity. Here's why 2022-08-20T04:00:00Z Skeletal muscle cells are also long but have striations across them and many small nuclei per cell. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z The presence of glycogen in muscle cells as a source of glucose allows ATP to be produced for a longer time during exercise. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z Such voltages are created across the membranes of almost all types of animal cells but are largest in nerve and muscle cells. College Physics for AP Courses 2015-08-12T00:00:00Z However, during development, some cells develop into skin cells while others develop into muscle cells. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z In one study of mice, for example, the results suggest that after nuclei in muscle cells proliferate in response to an overload of training, those extra nuclei aren’t lost during subsequent periods of inactivity. Here’s what muscle memory really means, and how to use it 2022-08-09T04:00:00Z The team aims to use one-time injections of gene-editing tools to precisely correct or silence mutations that cause heart muscle cells to produce too little or a harmful form of a needed protein. News at a glance: AI reveals protein structures, racism’s impact on memory, and rising tiger numbers 2022-08-03T04:00:00Z When muscle cells run out of oxygen, what happens to the potential for energy extraction from sugars and what pathways do the cell use? Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z In fact, nerve and muscle cells are physiologically similar, and there are even hybrid cells, such as in the heart, that have characteristics of both nerves and muscles. College Physics for AP Courses 2015-08-12T00:00:00Z Figure 24.18 Smooth muscle cells do not have striations, while skeletal muscle cells do. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z There was restoration of electrical activity in the heart, and some heart muscle cells were able to contract. Pig organs partially revived hour after death 2022-08-03T04:00:00Z We're now looking at how this damage will play out in cells that don't divide, like neurons or heart muscle cells. Cells become zombies when the ends of their chromosomes are damaged 2022-07-23T04:00:00Z For example, a muscle cell is very different from a liver cell, which is very different from a skin cell. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z Your body stores energy in muscle cells and other tissues in the form of the carbohydrate glycogen. Miller & Levine Biology 2018-01-01T00:00:00Z These muscle cells are relatively long and have multiple nuclei along the edge of the cell. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z The bone marrow transplants the researchers performed on the mice did not eliminate the Y chromosome from heart muscle cells. Men lose Y chromosomes as they age. It may be harming their hearts 2022-07-13T04:00:00Z Pyruvate, lactate, and alanine from muscle cells are not converted into acetyl CoA and used in the Krebs cycle, but are exported to the liver to be used in the synthesis of glucose. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z Cardiac muscle cells are also cylindrical, but short. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z During brief periods without enough oxygen, many of the cells in our bodies, most often muscle cells, produce ATP by lactic acid fermentation. Miller & Levine Biology 2018-01-01T00:00:00Z Glycogen is a polymeric form of glucose and is stored in the liver and skeletal muscle cells. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z A fat cell and a muscle cell are as different as a gas tank and an engine: One stores energy, and one burns it. Quiz: Do you know the sweaty truth about these common fitness myths? This is a modified, smooth muscle cell lining the afferent arteriole that can contract or relax in response to ATP or adenosine released by the macula densa. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z The sarcomere is the unit of contraction in a muscle cell. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z The researchers wanted to know whether hepatocytes are long-lived, like neurons or the heart’s muscle cells, or whether they’re more transient. Your liver is younger than you think 2022-06-06T04:00:00Z In humans most serotonin is synthesized in neurons that enervate smooth muscle cells lining the gastrointestinal tract. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z One is that it increases insulin sensitivity — during and after physical activity, your muscle cells are better able to use insulin to pull glucose out of your bloodstream and use it for energy. Answers to your questions about blood sugar, body comments and more 2022-05-30T04:00:00Z This network of electrically connected cardiac muscle cells creates a functional unit of contraction called a syncytium. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z For a muscle cell to contract, the sarcomere must shorten. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z The athlete’s muscle cells made fewer proteins involved with a cellular structure called the spliceosome, for example, which helps buffer a typical cell from some effects of aging. Will you keep winning races into old age? Your cells hold clues 2022-05-19T04:00:00Z The extension and contraction of muscle cells releases heat energy that elevates the body temperature. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z The virus may inflict direct damage to the heart muscle cells, some of which could die, resulting in a weaker heart that does not pump as well. Five months post-covid, Nicole Murphy’s heart rate is still doing strange things 2022-02-21T05:00:00Z Although smooth muscle contraction relies on the presence of Ca++ ions, smooth muscle fibers have a much smaller diameter than skeletal muscle cells. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z In addition to the chemical changes, there are also specialized receptors on the surface of muscle cells that detect when you move a muscle, generate force or otherwise alter the biochemical machinery within a muscle. Perspective | Why muscles change — and get weaker — with age, even when you work out 2022-02-12T05:00:00Z Some preliminary studies with animals suggested that genes inside the nuclei of muscle cells worked differently after resistance exercises. How ‘Muscle Memory’ May Help Us Get in Shape 2022-01-05T05:00:00Z Insulin also increases glucose transport into certain cells, such as muscle cells and the liver. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z The study, led by researchers at Stanford School of Medicine, found that one protein — clusterin, produced in the liver and in heart muscle cells — seemed to account for most of the anti-inflammatory effects. Can an Athlete’s Blood Enhance Brainpower? 2021-12-08T05:00:00Z Strenuous exercise causes muscle cell damage that requires time to heal. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z Myocardial infarction, commonly known as a heart attack, deprives cardiac muscle cells of oxygen, causing them to perish. Cells or Drugs? The Race to Regenerate the Heart 2021-12-03T05:00:00Z They noted plenty of differences in gene methylation in muscle cells after the mice trained; most of the changes remained months after they stopped exercising. How ‘Muscle Memory’ May Help Us Get in Shape 2022-01-05T05:00:00Z Glucagon raises blood glucose levels, eliciting what is called a hyperglycemic effect, by stimulating the breakdown of glycogen to glucose in skeletal muscle cells and liver cells in a process called glycogenolysis. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Conklin’s team, for example, coaxed reprogrammed stem cells, derived from the skin of healthy donors, to form cardiac muscle cells—and found that the virus attacked these cells with gusto. COVID’s Cardiac Connection 2021-12-02T05:00:00Z Smooth muscle cells have a single nucleus, and are spindle-shaped. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z The moderate exercisers, who topped out at about 12 hours of exercise altogether, showed improved measures of fitness and healthfully remodeled the inner workings of their muscle cells. Does High-Intensity Exercise Affect Our Hearts? Minds? Life Spans? Waistlines? 2021-11-10T05:00:00Z Gene therapy has to replenish that protein in some, but not all, muscle cells. He can’t cure his dad. But a scientist’s research may help everyone else 2021-11-07T04:00:00Z Glucose can then be utilized as energy by muscle cells and released into circulation by the liver cells. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z The infected heart muscle cells had a series of genetic and structural defects in their contractile machinery8. COVID’s Cardiac Connection 2021-12-02T05:00:00Z Smooth muscle cells can undergo hyperplasia, mitotically dividing to produce new cells. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z Scientists start by harvesting muscle cells from an animal, nutrients are steadily then added to feed those cells and grow the meat into tissue - this stew is called the cell media, which is then cultivated. Can we stomach the latest emerging food innovations? 2021-10-31T04:00:00Z The disease afflicting Tabebordbar’s father involves a toxic substance produced by about 1% of muscle cells that then spreads through the muscle fibers. He can’t cure his dad. But a scientist’s research may help everyone else 2021-11-07T04:00:00Z Cardiac muscle cells are branched and striated, but short. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Cultured meat, or meat grown from animal muscle cells in a lab, could significantly reduce the environmental impact of farming animals, say its proponents, while also avoiding welfare issues and disease. Chinese firm serves up lab-grown pork in world's top meat market 2021-09-04T04:00:00Z Multiunit smooth muscle cells do not possess gap junctions, and contraction does not spread from one cell to the next. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z Not only would it take much longer to effect a change in body composition, there are no tests to track whether muscle cells are actually able to use the protein, says Chapple. Recovery from an ICU stay is tough. Could more protein help? 2021-08-29T04:00:00Z To rid muscles of that toxin, gene therapy has to get to every muscle cell. He can’t cure his dad. But a scientist’s research may help everyone else 2021-11-07T04:00:00Z Figure 29.34 A skeletal muscle cell is surrounded by a plasma membrane called the sarcolemma with a cytoplasm called the sarcoplasm. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z It could boost strength by increasing stress on muscle cells, which promotes muscle development, researchers speculate. A new athlete wellness trend just dropped 2021-07-21T04:00:00Z The nucleus of each contributing myoblast remains intact in the mature skeletal muscle cell, resulting in a mature, multinucleate cell. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z Now researchers studying sea otters’ muscles report that the feat involves using the mitochondria in their muscle cells in an unexpected way. It’s Cold in the Ocean but It’s Hotter Inside Sea Otters 2021-07-08T04:00:00Z To get the virus to those muscle cells, researchers must deliver enormous doses of medication. He can’t cure his dad. But a scientist’s research may help everyone else 2021-11-07T04:00:00Z These are shown in the diagram below, where groups in which muscle cells occur lie within the box whose edges are dashed lines. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Without the proper fuel, the muscle cells are injured and release their contents, causing the pain and dark urine. He Thought It Was the Flu, but He Had Never Been So Sick 2021-07-14T04:00:00Z Satellite cells help to repair skeletal muscle cells. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z In January 2015 he died with undiagnosed hypertrophic cardiomyopathy which causes the heart muscle cells to expand and the walls of the heart chambers thicken. Birmingham student researches illness that killed brother 2021-05-22T04:00:00Z Instead, it is caused by a mutation in an area between genes, resulting in the excretion of a toxic chemical that kills muscle cells. He can’t cure his dad. But a scientist’s research may help everyone else 2021-11-07T04:00:00Z The myocardium consists of the heart muscle cells that make up the middle layer and the bulk of the heart wall. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z At that point, anti-inflammatory cells showed up, together with specialized muscle cells that rebuild tissue, and by the end of two weeks, these muscles appeared fully healed. Ice for Sore Muscles? Think Again. 2021-04-21T04:00:00Z How will muscle cells respond to this drug? Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z Very quickly, neurons and muscle cells died in droves. How a Carnivorous Mushroom Poisons Its Prey 2021-04-08T04:00:00Z Studies show, for example, that intense bursts of exercise increase the number of mitochondria in our muscle cells, and more mitochondria are thought to contribute to better cellular and metabolic health. Too Much High-Intensity Exercise May Be Bad for Your Health 2021-03-24T04:00:00Z The pumping of the heart is a function of the cardiac muscle cells, or cardiomyocytes, that make up the heart muscle. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Changes in calcium levels promote certain cellular activities, including the contraction of heart muscle cells and the release of neurotransmitters by neurons. The race to treat a rare, fatal syndrome may help others with common disorders like diabetes 2021-02-11T05:00:00Z Although all other body cells do require insulin if they are to take glucose from the bloodstream, skeletal muscle cells and adipose cells are the primary targets of insulin. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z That mRNA instructs the muscle cells in the upper arm to create the infamous “spike” proteins the give the virus its crown-like appearance. FDA OKs Pfizer vaccine, opening new front against COVID-19; shots to begin within days 2020-12-11T05:00:00Z By the end of week two, the riders were pedaling harder and appeared to be getting fitter, with better daily blood-sugar control and more total mitochondria in their muscle cells. Too Much High-Intensity Exercise May Be Bad for Your Health 2021-03-24T04:00:00Z The autonomous beating of cardiac muscle cells is regulated by the heart’s internal pacemaker that uses electrical signals to time the beating of the heart. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z It deploys not a crippled virus or a bit of virus, as traditional vaccines do, but a snip of messenger RNA, delivered into muscle cells in the body. U.K. authorizes Pfizer coronavirus vaccine as U.S. hospitalizations, daily cases reach record high 2020-12-02T05:00:00Z Figure 3.20 Multinucleate Muscle Cell Unlike cardiac muscle cells and smooth muscle cells, which have a single nucleus, a skeletal muscle cell contains many nuclei, and is referred to as “multinucleated.” Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z But Eat Just’s product is different because it is not plant based, but instead grown from animal muscle cells in a lab. Singapore approves lab-grown 'chicken' meat 2020-12-02T05:00:00Z But so-called clean or cultured meat, which is grown from animal muscle cells in a lab, is still at a nascent stage given high production costs. Singapore becomes first country to approve sale of lab-grown meat 2020-12-02T05:00:00Z The pumping of the heart is a function of cardiomyocytes, distinctive muscle cells that are striated like skeletal muscle but pump rhythmically and involuntarily like smooth muscle. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z The vaccines use lipid nanoparticles to deliver the mRNA into muscle cells which manufacture the spike protein and prime the immune system, guarding against infection. Oxford AstraZeneca Covid vaccine: everything we know so far 2020-11-23T05:00:00Z The nuclei of the fused cells are conserved in the mature cell, thus imparting a multinucleate characteristic to mature muscle cells. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z Its muscle cells must contract in exquisite synchrony to pump oxygenated blood throughout the body. A New Cell Map of the Human Heart 2020-11-13T05:00:00Z It takes genetic material called messenger RNA and injects it into muscle cells, which treat it like instructions for building a protein — a protein found on the surface of the coronavirus. Pfizer’s Early Data Shows Vaccine Is More Than 90% Effective 2020-11-09T05:00:00Z It is an electrical impulse that starts in cardiac muscle cells at the sinoatrial node. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Autopsies of heart tissue after COVID-19 have revealed inflammation in the heart’s blood vessels instead of its muscle cells, the site of the inflammation caused by other infections. As evidence builds that COVID-19 can damage the heart, doctors are racing to understand it 2020-09-15T04:00:00Z Figure 10.4 Muscle Fiber A skeletal muscle fiber is surrounded by a plasma membrane called the sarcolemma, which contains sarcoplasm, the cytoplasm of muscle cells. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z He discovered that adult-stage tentacles develop differently from the anemone’s first four, and his team identified the gene in muscle cells responsible for growing those starter buds. The more they eat, the more tentacles these sea anemones sprout 2020-09-10T04:00:00Z Normally, myostatin acts to shut off growth by attaching to a receptor that is stuck on the surface of muscle cells. Molecular Medicine Keeps Mice Mighty in Microgravity 2020-09-10T04:00:00Z It is the excitation of cardiac muscle cells at the atrioventricular node followed by the sinoatrial node. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z When injected into the arm, the adenovirus slips into muscle cells. Russians Publish Early Coronavirus Vaccine Results 2020-09-04T04:00:00Z Previously, this was shown to be a part of how muscle cells work. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z What’s more, the muscle cells where the gene is active mark where the next wave of tentacles will grow. The more they eat, the more tentacles these sea anemones sprout 2020-09-10T04:00:00Z It contains genetic molecules called messenger RNA that are injected into muscle cells, which treat them like instructions for building a protein. Trump Vaccine Chief Casts Doubt on Coronavirus Vaccine by Election Day 2020-09-03T04:00:00Z Part C would allow vasodilation in the blood vessel if the blood vessel takes blood to a muscle cell that is contracting quickly. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z But Dr. Ortega says he and his colleagues suspect that the more demanding exertions boosted the health and function of mitochondria inside muscle cells in ways that gentler walking did not. For Successful Aging, Pick Up the Pace or Mix It Up 2020-09-02T04:00:00Z Under the light microscope, muscle cells appear striated with many nuclei squeezed along the membranes. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z And as they grow, neighboring muscle cells activate their own versions of the gene, creating a ripple effect of new buds across the anemone’s body. The more they eat, the more tentacles these sea anemones sprout 2020-09-10T04:00:00Z They probably arrange themselves along the route from eye to brain using signals from muscle cells that tell them precisely where they should be in the body, Dr. Reddien said. A Worm’s Hidden Map for Growing New Eyes 2020-06-29T04:00:00Z In patients with the autoimmune disease myasthenia gravis, muscle cell receptors that induce contraction in response to acetylcholine are targeted by antibodies. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z In that situation, there would be large dead zones in the heart, and the muscle cells known as myocytes would be surrounded by infection-fighting cells known as lymphocytes. Coronavirus autopsies: A story of 38 brains, 87 lungs and 42 hearts 2020-07-01T04:00:00Z The three types of muscle cells are skeletal, cardiac, and smooth. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z When injected, the Imperial experimental vaccine instructs muscle cells to produce virus proteins to protect against future infection. Coronavirus vaccine trial by Imperial College London begins 2020-06-15T04:00:00Z The vaccine consists of specially engineered genetic material — RNA — that instructs muscle cells in the body to produce a distinctive “spike” protein found on the surface of the coronavirus. U.K. Lab to Sidestep Drug Industry to Sell Potential Virus Vaccine 2020-06-07T04:00:00Z The mesoderm gives rise to the muscle cells and connective tissue in the body. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z They hoped that the cells would morph into muscle cells once inserted into the heart. Revealed: First trial of pioneering stem-cell treatment for heart disease performed in China 2020-05-12T04:00:00Z Histamine causes the smooth muscle cells of the bronchi to constrict, narrowing the airways. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine block channels on heart muscle cells that control the flow of ions, which governs the heart’s electrical recharging between beats. Antimalarials widely used against COVID-19 heighten risk of cardiac arrest. How can doctors minimize the danger? 2020-04-21T04:00:00Z Then they checked the levels of a wide array of gene markers and biochemical signals within the volunteers’ muscle cells that are believed to be related to muscle health and growth. How ‘Muscle Memory’ May Help Keep Us Fit 2020-03-25T04:00:00Z As more smooth muscle cells are recruited, the contractions increase in intensity and force. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Using 3D printing allows the ingredients to be laid down as a criss-cross of filaments, which imitate the intracellular proteins in muscle cells. Would you eat a 'steak' printed by robots? 2020-02-24T05:00:00Z Both epinephrine and norepinephrine signal the liver and skeletal muscle cells to convert glycogen into glucose, resulting in increased blood glucose levels. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z The first example4 was the conversion of fibroblasts into muscle cells by inducing the cells to express the transcription factor MyoD. A decade of questions about the fluidity of cell identity 2020-02-23T05:00:00Z In animal experiments, muscle cells inside mice and rats develop extra nuclei when the animals train, and these specialized bits of the cell remain even if the animals stop training and lounge about. How ‘Muscle Memory’ May Help Keep Us Fit 2020-03-25T04:00:00Z In keeping with our theme of form following function, it is important to point out that muscle cells have a very high concentration of mitochondria that produce ATP. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z As another example, Asp and colleagues described a previously unknown human equivalent of a subpopulation of cardiac muscle cells found in mice that expresses high levels of the gene Myoz210. Techniques converge to map the developing human heart at single-cell level 2020-01-26T05:00:00Z Neurons and muscle cells can use their membrane potentials to generate electrical signals. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z The labmade venom is dangerous as well: It disrupted the function of mouse muscle cells and rat neurons in a similar way to real venom. Tiny organs grown from snake glands produce real venom 2020-01-23T05:00:00Z But a few small experiments with people suggest that our muscle cells may not pack on extra nuclei when we lift weights. How ‘Muscle Memory’ May Help Keep Us Fit 2020-03-25T04:00:00Z Your muscle cells need a lot of energy to keep your body moving. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z The drug inserted the gene for lipoprotein lipase into muscle cells. Gene Therapy Arrives 2019-12-03T05:00:00Z Both neurons and skeletal muscle cells are electrically excitable, meaning that they are able to generate action potentials. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z They form a mat and push needlelike projections into the ant’s muscle cells. After This Fungus Turns Ants Into Zombies, Their Bodies Explode 2019-10-24T04:00:00Z During embryonic development, individual muscle cells merge into fibers that power contraction. New universe of miniproteins is upending cell biology and genetics 2019-10-17T04:00:00Z Nor would our muscle cells cramp from the buildup of lactate when we exercise vigorously and oxygen is scarce. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z It’s essential for physiological recovery after heart muscle cells contract or nerve cells fire—events that are triggered when sodium floods into the cells, causing an electrical discharge. How Monarch Butterflies Evolved to Eat a Poisonous Plant 2019-10-02T04:00:00Z Although muscle cells can change in size, new cells are not formed when muscles grow. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z That’s because it was mostly composed of chicken muscle cells grown in Just’s lab, one floor down at the company’s San Francisco headquarters. Can a Burger Help Solve Climate Change? 2019-09-23T04:00:00Z It affects the heart's ability to pump blood effectively as the muscle cells become thin and stretchy and are not secure, resulting in poor function. My 'anxiety' was actually a rare heart condition 2019-09-04T04:00:00Z The glucose is then available for use by the muscle cell in response to a sudden surge of adrenaline—the “fight or flight” reflex. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z This image shows human heart muscle cells derived from stem cells. A colourful sea of blood vessel cells wins science image competition 2019-08-13T04:00:00Z The effects of age-related atrophy are especially pronounced in people who are sedentary, as the loss of muscle cells is displayed as functional impairments such as trouble with locomotion, balance, and posture. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z One recent paper indicates that morning exercise may activate certain genes in the muscle cells, boosting their ability to metabolize sugar and fat. What’s the best time of day to exercise, morning or evening? 2019-07-19T04:00:00Z The viruses were designed to carry a good copy of the MTM1 gene into the boys’ muscle cells. Boys with a rare muscle disease are breathing on their own, thanks to gene therapy 2019-05-02T04:00:00Z If each cell has the same exact DNA make up, how is it that a liver cell differs from a nerve or muscle cell? Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Ms Cuthbertson is exploring the ways in which rare types of smooth muscle cells in the walls of arteries grow rapidly after injury. A colourful sea of blood vessel cells wins science image competition 2019-08-13T04:00:00Z An intercalated disc allows the cardiac muscle cells to contract in a wave-like pattern so that the heart can work as a pump. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z A patch composed of 70% heart muscle cells, with the other two kinds of cells making up the rest, appears best so far, he reported at the meeting. Lab-grown patch of heart muscle and other cells could fix ailing hearts 2019-04-24T04:00:00Z In that mechanism, mucus-producing goblet cells in the intestinal lining divide rapidly and secrete copiously while muscle cells in the intestinal walls step up their contractions—all to help force the invaders from the body. Closing in on a century-old mystery, scientists are figuring out what the body’s ‘tuft cells’ do 2019-03-28T04:00:00Z Cardiac muscle cells have striations, but, unlike the multinucleate skeletal cells, they have only one nucleus. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Without dystrophin — a protein that is important for maintaining the membrane of muscle cells — muscles atrophy. For Many Boys With Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, Bright Hope Lies Just Beyond Reach 2019-03-25T04:00:00Z A gap junction forms channels between adjacent cardiac muscle fibers that allow the depolarizing current produced by cations to flow from one cardiac muscle cell to the next. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z Each time, up to a billion heart muscle cells suffocate. Lab-grown patch of heart muscle and other cells could fix ailing hearts 2019-04-24T04:00:00Z The heart grows by stretching its existing muscle cells, not by making new ones. Treatments for childhood cancer can devastate lives years later. Scientists are trying to change that 2019-03-14T04:00:00Z Cardiac muscle tissue also has intercalated discs, specialized regions running along the plasma membrane that join adjacent cardiac muscle cells and assist in passing an electrical impulse from cell to cell. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z If one doesn’t eat anything, it’s possible the brain will use glucose from the body, intended for fat and muscle cell use, and in turn secrete more stress hormones. Why Do We Crave Sweets When We're Stressed? 2019-02-27T05:00:00Z The influx of extracellular Ca++ ions, which diffuse into the sarcoplasm to reach the calmodulin, accounts for most of the Ca++ that triggers contraction of a smooth muscle cell. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z It’s basically made of animal muscle cells grown in a culture in a lab, a technology similar to stem cells. Israeli startups join firms making lab-grown ‘clean meat’ 2019-02-25T05:00:00Z The disease causes smooth muscle cells to proliferate, resulting in cystic growth throughout women’s lungs and abdomens. I have a rare disease. Research on such illnesses can provide insights into more common ones. 2019-02-15T05:00:00Z An added feature to cardiac muscle cells is a line than extends along the end of the cell as it abuts the next cardiac cell in the row. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z But in 2013, researchers found2 that some enhancers, called super-enhancers, cluster together near genes that help to determine a cell’s unique identity — whether it becomes a mammary or a muscle cell, for instance. Cancer researchers seek to harness mysterious DNA ‘super-enhancers’ 2018-12-04T05:00:00Z Multiunit smooth muscle cells rarely possess gap junctions, and thus are not electrically coupled. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z Israel’s Future Meat Technologies is doing the same by manufacturing fat and muscle cells that is being tested by chefs in Jerusalem. Lab-grown meat of the future is here – and may even sustainably fill demand | Gene Marks 2018-11-29T05:00:00Z The dystrophin protein that it encodes is important for maintaining healthy muscle cells; without it, muscles gradually deteriorate. How Facebook and Twitter could be the next disruptive force in clinical trials 2018-11-12T05:00:00Z Food intake in more than necessary amounts is stored as glycogen in the liver and muscle cells, and in fat cells. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z The blockage shuts down nerve and muscle cells, including those that keep the heart pumping. Jellyfish almost killed this scientist. Now, she wants to save others from their fatal venom 2018-11-08T05:00:00Z This is why skeletal muscle cells are multinucleate, as the nucleus of each contributing myoblast remains intact in the mature skeletal muscle cell. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z The presentation was replete with colorful slides of small and underdeveloped cells — new heart muscle cells maturing, he said. He Promised to Restore Damaged Hearts. Harvard Says His Lab Fabricated Research. 2018-10-29T04:00:00Z The differentiation cascade terminates with the formation of fully differentiated, mature muscle cells called myofibres, which contain multiple nuclei. b, By contrast, the liver contains no known professional stem cells. Definitions for adult stem cells debated 2018-10-28T04:00:00Z Transmission of a nerve impulse from one neuron to another or to another type of cell such as a muscle cell occurs across a junction called a synapse. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z In 1957, researchers at the University of Wisconsin discovered a molecule that helps muscle cells generate energy. Does Coenzyme Q10 Reduce Statin-Related Muscle Aches? 2018-10-05T04:00:00Z However, cardiac and smooth muscle cells are not multinucleate because the myoblasts that form their cells do not fuse. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z “You can’t be certain at this point that in trying to repair billions and billions of muscle cells, you won’t induce other catastrophic problems,” he said. Crispr Used to Repair Gene Mutation in Dogs With Muscular Dystrophy 2018-08-30T04:00:00Z Another challenge was to alter billions of muscle cells throughout a living animal. Gene editing of dogs offers hope for treating human muscular dystrophy 2018-08-30T04:00:00Z Neurons and muscle cells maintain a high concentration gradient of potassium ions across the plasma membrane. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Genetic mutations cause Duchenne patients’ muscle cells to produce little or no dystrophin, a protein that helps muscles absorb shocks and protects them against degradation over time. CRISPR Gene Editing Shows Promise for Treating a Fatal Muscle Disease 2018-08-30T04:00:00Z A satellite cell is similar to a myoblast because it is a type of stem cell; however, satellite cells are incorporated into muscle cells and facilitate the protein synthesis required for repair and growth. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z Potassium is necessary for muscle cells to do their work. Her Searing Gut Pain Suggested Celiac. Why Didn’t Cutting Out Gluten Help? 2018-08-15T04:00:00Z Livestock breeders have capitalized cruelly on occasional mutations that switch off processes regulating the growth of muscle cells, leading to the ‘double-muscling’ trait. What’s bred in the bone: the dazzling traits of domesticated animals 2018-07-15T04:00:00Z IGFs stimulate the uptake of amino acids from the blood, allowing the formation of new proteins, particularly in skeletal muscle cells, cartilage cells, and other target cells, as shown in Figure 28.13. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z The materials used in cellular scaffolds—structures that support the muscle cells as they grow—must also be evaluated for safety. FDA tries to take the reins on regulating cultured meat 2018-07-13T04:00:00Z These cells are located outside the sarcolemma and are stimulated to grow and fuse with muscle cells by growth factors that are released by muscle fibers under certain forms of stress. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z There is only a short time between the onset of a heart attack and the development of scar tissue where once there were living muscle cells. Dying Organs Restored to Life in Novel Experiments 2018-07-10T04:00:00Z To grow their robot's muscles, they layered hydrogel sheets filled with myoblasts—rat muscle cells—on a robotic skeleton. New Hybrid Robot Uses Living Muscles to Move 2018-05-30T04:00:00Z The nervous system releases neurotransmitters or neurohormones that regulate neurons, muscle cells, and endocrine cells. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z In that treatment, approved in September 2015, patients received a sheet of muscle cells made from their own leg tissue, rather than from iPS cells. Stem-cell tests must show success 2018-05-28T04:00:00Z Pericytes allow smooth muscle cells to regenerate and repair much more readily than skeletal and cardiac muscle tissue. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z A: There is a type of benign tumor of the kidney called an angiomyolipoma, which is composed of a collection of blood vessels and fat cells and sometimes some random muscle cells. Q&A: Melania Trump had an embolization to treat a kidney condition. What is an embolization? 2018-05-14T04:00:00Z To address this issue, the research team sees potential in genetically modifying the muscle cells to contain motor neurons. New Hybrid Robot Uses Living Muscles to Move 2018-05-30T04:00:00Z The heart possesses endocrine cells in the walls of the atria that are specialized cardiac muscle cells. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z After a heart attack, when cardiac muscle cells are injured by lack of oxygen, their damaged mitochondria release molecules called reactive oxygen species. Cells Talk and Help One Another via Tiny Tube Networks 2018-05-07T04:00:00Z Muscles atrophy when they are not used, and over time if atrophy is prolonged, muscle cells die. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z Stem cells are a “class of unspecialized cells with the ability to develop into different types of cells, such as brain, blood and muscle cells,” they write, noting “all stem cells aren’t created equal.” Analysis | The Health 202: Leading Obamacare insurer says things are 'materially worse' under Trump administration 2018-05-01T04:00:00Z The researchers then cultured heart muscle cells from rats onto the gel. Watch a gel embedded with heart cells change color with every beat 2018-03-28T04:00:00Z EPO has been used by athletes to improve performance, as greater oxygen delivery to muscle cells allows for greater endurance. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z In our muscle cells that transporter is barely present. The Amazing Metabolism of Hummingbirds 2018-03-20T04:00:00Z Why do muscle cells use creatine phosphate instead of glycolysis to supply ATP for the first few seconds of muscle contraction? Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z But any heart muscle cell can beat on its own in a petri dish, Marcus said, and any one of those cells can initiate a wayward heartbeat that temporarily interrupts the muscle’s normal beating rhythm. Everyone has heart palpitations, but for some it can be serious 2018-02-23T05:00:00Z “These techniques reduce spasm, increase blood and lymphatic circulation and drainage, reduce muscle adhesions and increase oxygen to the muscle cell,” Schiffman said. Valley Equine Massage reaches deep to ease horse muscle 2018-02-17T05:00:00Z Smooth muscle cells are short, tapered at each end, and have only one plump nucleus in each. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z But Heijmans and his colleagues studied the same methyl groups in muscle cells, fat cells and other tissues they got from cadavers. Dutch genes still bear scars of a famine 2018-02-16T05:00:00Z How are cardiac muscle cells similar to and different from skeletal muscle cells? Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z The nuclei are the command centers driving the muscle cells to produce more protein to get larger and stronger, and it seems that this greater number of nuclei is retained and protected over time. The Olympic Motto, Cellular Memories and the Epigenetic Effects of Doping 2018-02-12T05:00:00Z But Dr. Heijmans and his colleagues studied the same methyl groups in muscle cells, fat cells and other tissues they got from cadavers. The Famine Ended 70 Years Ago, but Dutch Genes Still Bear Scars 2018-01-31T05:00:00Z As a neurotransmitter binds, these ion channels open, and Na+ ions cross the membrane into the muscle cell. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z The researchers also put those heart muscle cells together in a 3D scaffold, to measure how the cells performed. New gene therapy could cure a deadly disease that stops the heart from beating 2018-01-31T05:00:00Z Electrical energy, supplied by electrolytes in cells and body fluids, contributes to the voltage changes that help transmit impulses in nerve and muscle cells. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z It is thought that, under the right conditions, fat cells chat with muscle cells, and muscle cells whisper to brain cells and everybody seems to want to be buddies with the liver. The Mysterious Interior World of Exercise 2018-01-24T05:00:00Z In flies, Budnik’s group found that motor neurons—which connect to muscle cells and tell them when to contract—produced vesicles containing Arc. Cells Hack Virus-like Protein to Communicate 2018-01-16T05:00:00Z The period immediately following the transmission of an impulse in a nerve or muscle, in which a neuron or muscle cell regains its ability to transmit another impulse, is called the refractory period. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Basic cell biology tells us the muscle cell depends... Antioxidants Don’t Ease Muscle Soreness After Exercise 2018-01-04T05:00:00Z As a result, muscle cells are packed full of mitochondria. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z Also you got a huge expenditure in Coenzyme Q10 in the heart muscle cells, resulting in a dangerous situation in therms of energy in the heart. How Running May or May Not Help the Heart 2017-11-29T05:00:00Z Once the vesicles reached the muscle cells, they fused with those cells’ membranes, releasing the Arc protein and mRNA. Cells Hack Virus-like Protein to Communicate 2018-01-16T05:00:00Z Gap junctions are particularly important in cardiac muscle: The electrical signal for the muscle to contract is passed efficiently through gap junctions, allowing the heart muscle cells to contract in tandem. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Basic cell biology tells us the muscle cell depends on mitochondrial function for energy production, and lactate build up causes muscle pain. Antioxidants Don’t Ease Muscle Soreness After Exercise 2018-01-04T05:00:00Z In muscle cells, these long actin strands, called thin filaments, are “pulled” by thick filaments of the myosin protein to contract the cell. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z Evolution Small peptides known as selective androgen receptor modulators, or SARMs, increase the sensitivity of muscle cells to natural steroid hormones—with fewer undesirable side effects than traditional steroids. The Scientific American Guide to Cheating in the Olympics 2017-12-05T05:00:00Z It’s unclear what the muscle cell does with the protein and mRNA, but Budnik found that flies that lacked the gene formed fewer connections between neurons and muscles. Cells Hack Virus-like Protein to Communicate 2018-01-16T05:00:00Z Glycogen is the animal equivalent of starch and is a highly branched molecule usually stored in liver and muscle cells. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z But HDR works poorly unless cells are dividing, which means this strategy doesn't function in, say, brain and muscle cells that no longer copy themselves. Novel CRISPR-derived 'base editors' surgically alter DNA or RNA, offering new ways to fix mutations 2017-10-25T04:00:00Z Only very few cell types in the body do not divide, including nerve cells, skeletal muscle fibers, and cardiac muscle cells. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z On October 2 researchers from the University of Geneva published a paper in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on their discovery of a type of biological clock in muscle cells. Biological Clock Prize Shows Much "Nobel-Quality" Work Goes Uncredited 2017-10-03T04:00:00Z Our hearts are built of special muscle cells all their own, known as cardiomyocytes. A Speedier Way to Catalog Human Cells (All 37 Trillion of Them) 2017-08-17T04:00:00Z In muscle cells, a specialized SER called the sarcoplasmic reticulum is responsible for storage of the calcium ions that are needed to trigger the coordinated contractions of the muscle cells. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z They were almost entirely absent from the muscle cells in the heart, for example, which was mostly built from its own small number of precursors. The trickiest family tree in biology 2017-07-04T04:00:00Z This phenomenon accounts for the long refractory periods required for the cardiac muscle cells to pump blood effectively before they are capable of firing for a second time. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z Exondys 51 may be helping protect muscle cells from deterioration by producing a form of dystrophin, a protein largely lacking in those with the genetic mutation. Insurers battle families over $1 million drug for fatal disease 2017-06-22T04:00:00Z Or it might be a smooth muscle cell lining your small intestines, making it ripple with contractions. A Speedier Way to Catalog Human Cells (All 37 Trillion of Them) 2017-08-17T04:00:00Z Actin and myosin are plentiful in muscle cells. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z One of the challenges of scaling up production is being able to grow large numbers of muscle cells quickly. Sustainability: A meaty issue : Nature : Nature Research 2017-04-25T04:00:00Z When you stretch a smooth muscle cell, it contracts; when you stop, it relaxes, restoring its resting length. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z Why the AV node needs assistance from macrophages, when the heart muscle cells it harbors conduct electrical impulses perfectly well, remains unclear, Nahrendorf says. Immune cells unexpectedly help the heart keep its beat 2017-04-20T04:00:00Z A muscle cell might be a skeletal muscle cell, the kind you use to walk or lift a cup. A Speedier Way to Catalog Human Cells (All 37 Trillion of Them) 2017-08-17T04:00:00Z We’ve pioneered techniques to grow unlimited human heart muscle cells in the lab. Pioneering work on stem-cell therapies at UW deserves state support 2017-04-09T04:00:00Z After baseline measures were established for their aerobic fitness, their blood-sugar levels and the gene activity and mitochondrial health in their muscle cells, the volunteers were randomly assigned to a particular exercise regimen. The Best Exercise for Aging Muscles 2017-03-23T04:00:00Z When blood pressure increases, smooth muscle cells in the wall of the arteriole are stretched and respond by contracting to resist the pressure, resulting in little change in flow. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z When the researchers grew macrophages and heart muscle cells together in culture dishes, they found that the two types of cells were connected physically and synchronized electrically. Immune cells unexpectedly help the heart keep its beat 2017-04-20T04:00:00Z The students are examining the behavior of smooth muscle cells as they acclimate to a microgravity environment. 2 Kentucky students send biology experiment into space 2017-02-19T05:00:00Z The drug, eteplirsen, uses a technology called exon skipping that seeks to partly correct the genetic defect, allowing muscle cells to produce a somewhat functional form of dystrophin. F.D.A. Approves Muscular Dystrophy Drug That Patients Lobbied For 2016-09-19T04:00:00Z But more unexpected results were found in the biopsied muscle cells. The Best Exercise for Aging Muscles 2017-03-23T04:00:00Z When blood pressure drops, the same smooth muscle cells relax to lower resistance, allowing a continued even flow of blood. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z The cells’ electrical charge becomes more positive, which in turn promotes firing by neighboring heart muscle cells. Immune cells unexpectedly help the heart keep its beat 2017-04-20T04:00:00Z Duchenne muscular dystrophy is caused by mutations in the dystrophin protein that protects muscle cells from the stress of repeated contraction and relaxation. US government approves controversial drug for muscular dystrophy 2016-09-19T04:00:00Z One way the muscle cells respond to sprints, according to Gibala’s work, is by growing more mitochondria, which turn fuel into energy. We know intervals can hurt, but here’s why they may be worthwhile 2016-08-29T04:00:00Z Soon, dying muscle cells and dying macrophages join a growing plaque on the artery wall. Experimental anticancer drug may tackle heart disease, too 2016-07-20T04:00:00Z The middle and thickest layer is the myocardium, made largely of cardiac muscle cells. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z The biohybrid bot uses muscle cells taken from around the mouth of the Aplysia californica, a sea slug also known as the Californian sea hare. Researchers use tough sea slug muscles to build a biohybrid robot 2016-07-19T04:00:00Z They also produced beating heart muscle cells along with 10 other specific cell types. Research Sees Potential to Make Bone, Muscle From Human Stem Cells 2016-07-14T04:00:00Z By flapping its winglike elastic fins, it can steer itself through an obstacle course, guided through the twists and turns by following a blue light that selectively activates the muscle cells. Robotic Stingray Powered by Heart Cells From Rats 2016-07-07T04:00:00Z To co-ordinate the muscle cells’ contraction in a way that would propel the ray forwards, Dr Parker printed them in serpentine patterns. Flight of fancy 2016-07-06T04:00:00Z The tunica media is restricted to one or two smooth muscle cell layers in thickness. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z Simply putting down a second layer of muscle cells is daunting, nevermind recapturing the full complexity of the heart or a complete animal. Robotic stingray powered by light-activated muscle cells 2016-07-07T04:00:00Z “In fact, creatine, which supplies energy to muscle cells and aids in their recovery, is only found in animal products.” Republicans’ fowl response to the Orlando terrorist attack 2016-06-17T04:00:00Z As the heart muscle cells contract or relax in response to light cues, the fins flap up and down, the researchers said. Robotic Stingray Powered by Heart Cells From Rats 2016-07-07T04:00:00Z The muscle cells Dr Parker chose were genetically engineered so that light activated their contraction. Flight of fancy 2016-07-06T04:00:00Z The precapillary sphincters, circular smooth muscle cells that surround the capillary at its origin with the metarteriole, tightly regulate the flow of blood from a metarteriole to the capillaries it supplies. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z The result was a “medusoid”—a simple artificial creature composed of heart muscle cells overlaid on a sheet of silicone molded into a shallow cup rimmed with flaps. Robotic stingray powered by light-activated muscle cells 2016-07-07T04:00:00Z The question is why it is higher in these patients and why the protein, which is normally in immune cells, is also present in smooth muscle cells that undergo changes in the disease, he said. Augusta U researchers seek cause of high lung pressure 2016-06-05T04:00:00Z This damage isn’t a bad thing, though; it sets off a biochemical series of events that encourage muscle cells to repair and remodel, making them larger and stronger. How Sore Should You Be After a Workout? 2016-05-13T04:00:00Z Moreover, it does so not with the electric circuits and servomotors of conventional robots, but with muscle cells engineered to mimic the elegant undulations of a living stingray. Flight of fancy 2016-07-06T04:00:00Z The muscle pattern is elegant and complex, as the muscle cells swirl and spiral around the chambers of the heart. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z The next step is to develop a gene therapy to trigger production of the molecule in heart muscle cells, she and her colleagues said. Treatment for 'Weak Heart' in Dogs Shows Promise 2016-01-17T05:00:00Z To do so, his team used a virus to carry Cas9 into muscle cells. Enzyme tweak boosts precision of CRISPR genome edits 2016-01-05T05:00:00Z When you stretch and challenge your muscles with weight-bearing or other strength-training exercises, you damage your muscle cells and surrounding connective tissue on a microscopic level. How Sore Should You Be After a Workout? 2016-05-13T04:00:00Z The muscle cells repaired the DNA by joining the two pieces of the cut chromosome and generated an effective dystrophin protein. Gene Editing Offers Hope for Treating Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, Studies Find 2015-12-31T05:00:00Z There are two major types of cardiac muscle cells: myocardial contractile cells and myocardial conducting cells. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z The injections corrected the gene in about 20% of muscle cells — enough to substantially improve their muscle tone and strength. Leukaemia success heralds wave of gene-editing therapies 2015-11-04T05:00:00Z The change in the channels triggered by the free radicals, he says, is the muscle cells’ way of detecting and coping with the extreme duress caused by the high intensity exercise. Scientists Explain Why Interval Training Works 2015-11-03T05:00:00Z The shot delivers packaged DNA into muscle cells. Could Injection Be Used Someday to Spay or Neuter Pets? 2015-10-05T04:00:00Z Without the defective exon, the muscle cells made a shortened dystrophin protein that was nonetheless functional, giving all of the mice more strength. Gene Editing Offers Hope for Treating Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, Studies Find 2015-12-31T05:00:00Z Their function is similar in many respects to neurons, although they are specialized muscle cells. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z How the placenta passes nutrients from mother to fetus depends in part on the activity of insulin—a circulating hormone that tells fat and muscle cells to absorb glucose and other nutrients from the blood. Treatment keeps obese mice from having overweight babies 2015-09-28T04:00:00Z Their muscle cells revealed the secret to high intensity workouts. Scientists Explain Why Interval Training Works 2015-11-03T05:00:00Z For example, in 2009 scientists revealed in Science that about 0.3 to 1 percent of human cardiac muscle cells regenerated each year. Fossil Fuel Burning Obscures Radiocarbon Dates 2015-07-21T04:00:00Z In animals containing many billions of sensory receptor cells, neurons and muscle cells, the responses are coordinated into the goal-directed motor activity of certain musculature. Exclusive: Oliver Sacks, Antonio Damasio and Others Debate Christof Koch on the Nature of Consciousness 2015-06-17T04:00:00Z Cardiac muscle cells undergo twitch-type contractions with long refractory periods followed by brief relaxation periods. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z The researchers extracted stem cells from donated umbilical cords of babies of obese and normal-weight mothers and grew the cells into fat and muscle cells in the lab. Like Mother, Like Child: Study Hints at Why Obesity May Run in Families 2015-06-09T04:00:00Z When stressed by the extreme exercise, certain chemical channels in the muscle cells that regulate calcium changes in the cells broke down. Scientists Explain Why Interval Training Works 2015-11-03T05:00:00Z According to the news release, the resulting limb is complete with vascular cells along blood vessel walls and appropriate fibers of muscle cells. Scientists Bioengineer First Artificial Animal Limb 2015-06-04T04:00:00Z In one trial, the scientists turned off GATA4 in the muscle cells in the diaphragm. Behind Each Breath, an Underappreciated Muscle 2015-04-02T04:00:00Z In addition to their stimulatory effects on HR, they also bind to both alpha and beta receptors on the cardiac muscle cell membrane to increase metabolic rate and the force of contraction. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z Affinity's device is coated with a drug-releasing polymer designed to prevent smooth muscle cells from growing into the device — a process that gradually reduces the diameter of currently used products. Biotech boot camp 2015-03-24T04:00:00Z Further, dark meat contains myoglobin, a protein which delivers oxygen to muscle cells. The 50 Healthiest Foods of All Time (With Recipes) 2015-03-02T05:00:00Z In the new technique, gene therapy is used to place a new section of DNA inside healthy muscle cells. Health Highlights: Feb. 19, 2015 2015-02-19T05:00:00Z Once the connective tissue cells started making a proto-diaphragm, muscle cells already had the molecular machinery required to follow them. Behind Each Breath, an Underappreciated Muscle 2015-04-02T04:00:00Z From the intestines, these systems transport them to the liver, adipose tissue, or muscle cells that will process and use, or store, the energy. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z “This will never work,” a doctor told them, noting that muscle cells also grow into the natural blood vessel downstream of the device junction. Biotech boot camp 2015-03-24T04:00:00Z This technique uses gene therapy to introduce a new section of DNA inside healthy muscle cells. Radical HIV vaccine ploy raises hope 2015-02-18T05:00:00Z The process transformed muscle cells into “little factories” producing HIV antibodies, protecting the body against exposure to the virus. Promising HIV ‘Vaccine’ Inactivates All Virus Strains, Prevents Infection 2015-02-18T05:00:00Z Somehow, this truncated protein is poisoning heart muscle cells, the researchers concluded. Scientists tease out genes that signal risk of heart failure 2015-01-14T05:00:00Z If not, the excess glucose is stored as glycogen in the liver and muscle cells, or as fat in adipose tissue; excess dietary fat is also stored as triglycerides in adipose tissues. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z It is also found on the urinary bladder cells, and the drug works to calm an overactive bladder by relaxing muscle cells there, he said. Drug for Bladder Problems May Help Control Weight, Too 2015-01-06T05:00:00Z But the changes within the muscle cells’ DNA were more intriguing. How Exercise Changes Our DNA 2014-12-17T05:00:00Z Many of these diseases involve defective neuromuscular junctions—the interface between neurons and muscle cells where brain signals tell muscles to contract. Gene therapy helps weak mice grow strong 2014-09-18T04:00:00Z But this protein, whose job is to store oxygen in muscle cells, is what makes red meat red. The Frankenburger Is Coming Sooner Than You Think Thanks to Google 2014-08-15T04:00:00Z Neurotransmitters can be classified as paracrines because, upon their release from a neuron’s axon terminals, they travel across a microscopically small cleft to exert their effect on a nearby neuron or muscle cell. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z Heart muscle cells can also be killed during heart attacks when their own blood supply is cut off. Injection To Replace Heart Pumps And Transplants 2014-08-12T04:00:00Z Two 2012 studies showed that a hormone called irisin, which is released from muscle cells after exercise, coaxes white fat to behave like brown fat. Supercharging Brown Fat to Battle Obesity 2014-08-12T04:00:00Z This gene converted this area of heart muscle cells into sinoatrial node cells. Heart Cells Transformed into "Biological Pacemaker" 2014-07-17T04:00:00Z Marbán says that his method is simpler than other biological approaches to steady irregularly beating hearts, such as inducing cardiac muscle cells to a pluripotent state, then coaxing them to differentiate into pacemaker cells. Gene therapy creates biological pacemaker 2014-07-15T04:00:00Z Marban’s newest attempt uses gene therapy to reprogram a small number of existing heart muscle cells so that they start looking and acting like natural pacemaker cells instead. Trying gene therapy to create biological pacemaker 2014-07-16T04:00:00Z Then he turned them into different types of cells, like neurons and muscle cells. The Brave New World of Three-Parent I.V.F. 2014-06-27T04:00:00Z All muscle cells have electrical potential because any muscle contraction releases a small amount of voltage. Warning, high voltage: scientists solve mysteries of electric fish 2014-06-26T04:00:00Z The cause was complications of Lewy body dementia, a progressive disease of the body’s neurological and muscle cells. Casey Kasem, Wholesome Voice of Pop Radio, Dies at 82 2014-06-15T04:00:00Z It is secreted from skeletal muscle cells, where it is made, and circulates in the blood, acting on muscle cells throughout the body. California Chrome's Genes May Be Key to Race for Triple Crown 2014-06-07T04:00:00Z Our high-calorie diet might change the way muscle cells generated energy. Stronger Brains, Weaker Bodies 2014-05-27T04:00:00Z For the moment, the team is planning systems that will simulate how the worm’s muscle cells work, how its neurons behave and how electrical impulses move from one to the other. Computer worms 2014-05-22T04:00:00Z Certain fish exploited that by transforming ordinary muscle cells into a larger type of cell called an electrocyte that generates vastly higher voltages. Warning, high voltage: scientists solve mysteries of electric fish 2014-06-26T04:00:00Z Porcine urinary bladder ECM scaffold implantation was associated with perivascular stem cell mobilization and accumulation within the site of injury, and de novo formation of skeletal muscle cells. [Research Articles] An Acellular Biologic Scaffold Promotes Skeletal Muscle Formation in Mice and Humans with Volumetric Muscle Loss 2014-04-30T18:55:14.141Z When cells in the process of becoming muscle cells perceive myostatin, they stop differentiating into specialised muscle cells, and they stop growing. California Chrome's Genes May Be Key to Race for Triple Crown 2014-06-07T04:00:00Z Rigor occurs because when the ATP level falls, muscle cells like pericytes cannot detach their myosin heads from actin to relax. Capillary pericytes regulate cerebral blood flow in health and disease 2014-04-04T18:24:22.627Z The proinsulin protein is manufactured in the muscle cells, and is then secreted, taken up by APCs and presented to T cells. Immunology: A tolerant approach 2014-03-26T18:20:25.689Z Cocoa is thought to benefit heart health by acting as a vasodilator, meaning it triggers relaxation of muscle cells within blood vessel walls. Can Chocolate In A Pill Boost Heart Health? 2014-03-18T00:55:00Z Tests of a purified form of the extract on zebrafish, flies and mice led to a significant improvement in the health of nerve and muscle cells. Plant may help floppy baby syndrome 2014-03-04T00:18:52Z More mitochondria, especially in muscle cells, means more energy and, by and large, better health and fitness. Well: Why Vitamins May Be Bad for Your Workout 2014-02-12T05:01:37Z The human body is built of cells with a specific role - nerve cells, liver cells, muscle cells - and that role is fixed. Stem cell 'major discovery' claimed 2014-01-29T11:52:20Z But for those of us too impatient to wait six months, the other study found that a single session of bike riding altered genes in volunteers’ muscle cells. Well: For Fitness, Intensity Matters 2013-12-25T05:01:17Z These results present a newly supported view of early animal evolution that accounts for major losses and/or gains of sophisticated cell types, including nerve and muscle cells. [Research Article] The Genome of the Ctenophore Mnemiopsis leidyi and Its Implications for Cell Type Evolution 2013-12-12T19:26:12.817Z Further, LTB induced proliferation and hypertrophy of human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells. [Research Articles] Blocking Macrophage Leukotriene B4 Prevents Endothelial Injury and Reverses Pulmonary Hypertension 2013-08-28T18:25:19.997Z They interfere with transmissions between nerves, or between nerves and muscle cells, causing muscle weakness or paralysis, including paralysis of the diaphragm and heart. Long-term nerve damage feared after Syria chemical attack 2013-08-23T12:47:09Z Then heart muscle cells from rats are placed on one side of the board. Printing Out a Biological Machine 2013-08-18T18:13:04Z Stem cells not only proliferate rapidly but can differentiate into various kinds of cells: muscle cells, bone cells, etc. Lab-grown beef taste test: ‘Almost’ like a burger 2013-08-05T18:09:00Z These results present a newly supported view of early animal evolution that accounts for major losses and/or gains of sophisticated cell types, including nerve and muscle cells. [Research Article] The Genome of the Ctenophore Mnemiopsis leidyi and Its Implications for Cell Type Evolution 2013-12-12T19:26:12.817Z Why not harvest muscle cells from a single cow to culture millions of hamburgers rather than slaughtering hundreds of thousands of cattle? Cultured Beef: Do We Really Need a $380,000 Burger Grown in Petri Dishes? 2013-08-05T20:45:00.510Z Post produces his burger by macerating the cattle muscle cells in a broth that includes fetal calf serum, obtained by slaughtering pregnant cows, yet his work is lauded by some vegetarians. Meet Schmeat: Say Hello to the Stem Cell Hamburger 2013-08-05T21:05:24Z To do this, the cells were “fed” calf serum and commercially available growth medium to initiate multiplication and prompt them to develop into muscle cells over time. Test-Tube Burger: Lab-Cultured Meat Passes Taste Test (Sort of) 2013-08-05T18:45:00.540Z Stem cells not only proliferate rapidly but can differentiate into different kinds of cells: muscle cells, bone cells, etc. Lab-grown beef taste test: ‘Almost’ like a burger 2013-08-05T18:09:57Z Post and colleagues made the meat from the muscle cells of two organic cows. First reaction: lab-made burger short on flavor 2013-08-05T13:54:08Z Afterward, a second muscle biopsy showed that DNA methylation patterns in the muscle cells were already changing after that lone workout, with some genes gaining methyl groups and some losing them. Well: How Exercise Changes Fat and Muscle Cells 2013-07-31T04:01:56Z This heart-shaped image of a nucleus from a single vascular smooth muscle cell was made by Dr Andrew Cobb, King’s College London. In pictures: Inside the heart 2013-07-26T07:25:48Z Once they differentiated into muscle cells, they were given simple nutrient sources, such as algae extracts. Test-Tube Burger: Lab-Cultured Meat Passes Taste Test (Sort of) 2013-08-05T18:45:00.540Z "They interfere with transmission between one nerve and another, or with transmission between nerves and muscle cells." WHO had asked India to ban toxin that killed children 2013-07-22T13:49:10Z But when, in a separate part of the experiment, scientists added their compound to isolated muscle cells from the deficient mice, the cells began pumping out far more REV-ERB. Well: Exercise in a Pill? The Search Continues 2013-07-17T04:01:22Z Since these factors work to negatively regulate muscle cell growth, removal of these factors allows muscle cells to get larger and increase in number. The Man of Steel, Myostatin, and Super-Strength 2013-06-14T13:45:00.470Z A cellular biologist at the University of Wisconsin, Lipton spent much of his career studying and cloning human muscle cells. Mind the Mind to Lead 2013-05-24T18:42:43Z They subsequently proved cells were “pluripotent” by coaxing them to become, among other things, beating heart muscle cells. Oregon scientists get stem cells from cloned human embryos 2013-05-16T02:12:00Z The nutrients in the growth medium are greatly reduced, essentially starving the cells, which forces them to differentiate into muscle cells. Engineering the $325,000 In-Vitro Burger 2013-05-12T18:45:18Z So they began by developing a strain of mice that could not express very much of the protein in their muscle cells. Well: Exercise in a Pill? The Search Continues 2013-07-17T04:01:22Z They basically work to keep the size and number of your muscle cells—and thus your overall strength—within a certain range. The Man of Steel, Myostatin, and Super-Strength 2013-06-14T13:45:00.470Z Gene therapy aims to improve the function of weak heart muscle cells, whereas our Mending Broken Hearts Appeal is aimed at finding ways to replace dead heart muscle cells after a heart attack. 'Heart-healing virus' trial starts 2013-04-30T01:54:19Z Snapping a picture with a nanometer-level resolution of the proboscis or muscle cells of a fruit fly isn't easy—in fact, it's deadly. Nano-Suit Protects Bugs From Space-Like Vacuums 2013-04-15T20:10:00Z Other biochemical changes also occur within muscle cells. Well: Getting Into Your Exercise Groove 2013-02-06T05:01:03Z When the scientists fed both rats and mice medically tolerable levels of resveratrol in their kibble, the animals did not produce more mitochondria in muscle cells. Well: Exercise in a Pill? The Search Continues 2013-07-17T04:01:22Z The story so far…your strength is a function of the number and size of your muscle cells. The Man of Steel, Myostatin, and Super-Strength 2013-06-14T13:45:00.470Z At the same time, endothelial and smooth muscle cells begin to pump out chemicals that attract monocytes. Pathology: At the heart of the problem 2013-01-30T18:23:07.253Z In human cardiac stem cells, for example, stimulating the AT receptors slows the death of heart muscle cells. Perspective: A tale of two receptors 2013-01-30T18:22:59.497Z A virus was used to by adding genes to force heart muscle cells to change into those able to control the heart's beat. Medical sciences news highlights of 2012 2012-12-29T02:39:55Z They used a virus to infect heart muscle cells with a gene, called Tbx18, which is normally active when pacemaker cells are formed during normal development in an embryo. Virus rebuilds heart's own pacemaker 2012-12-16T18:05:12Z And the size and number of your muscle cells is regulated by myostatin and activin A. What if there was something that also guarded the guards? The Man of Steel, Myostatin, and Super-Strength 2013-06-14T13:45:00.470Z These foam cells are the hallmark of atherosclerotic plaque; they and other immune cells produce chemical signals that prompt smooth muscle cells to migrate to the top of the plaque and form a tough cap. Pathology: At the heart of the problem 2013-01-30T18:23:07.253Z Diuretics work by clearing the body of excess fluid and sodium, while calcium channel blockers relax blood vessels by slowing the flow of calcium into arterial smooth muscle cells. Should Body Weight Influence Choice of Antihypertensive Therapy? 2012-12-06T21:05:36Z Muscle stem cells are even more specialized — these unipotent cells produce only muscle cells. Stem cells: Repeat to fade 2012-12-06T12:21:18.613Z In one, a team led by Richard Lee at the Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, both in Boston, Massachusetts, traced the birth and fate of heart muscle cells in mice. Heart Cells Can Be Coaxed to Regenerate at Low Rates 2012-12-05T23:15:02.567Z For instance, a stem cell follows a different series of steps depending on whether it differentiates into a blood cell or a heart muscle cell. Modelling: Computing cancer 2012-11-23T15:21:07.273Z The therapy, developed by UniQure, uses a virus to infect muscle cells with a working copy of the gene. the therapy was made available for the most severely ill patients earlier in 2012. Europe backs first gene therapy 2012-11-02T11:00:02Z "Patients treated with iPS cells: Harvard University team injects cardiac muscle cells into 6 people," read a 12 October headline in the English edition of a prominent Japanese newspaper. Breakthrough Stem Cell Results Called Into Question 2012-10-12T20:57:47Z "The whole organism is made up of bits of pulsating tissue, which are constantly expanding and contracting, using a similar mechanism to our own muscle cells," explained Mr Reid. Brainless slime's external memory 2012-10-09T06:45:32Z By causing the muscle cells to skip over exon 51, eteplirsen allows them to produce a form of dystrophin that is not perfect but appears to be somewhat functional. Drug Shows Promise in Treating Type of Muscular Dystrophy 2012-10-03T14:24:42Z He’s using a different approach—breeding bovine adult stem cells, turning them into muscle cells and then growing them in a medium containing fetal calf serum. Tissue-Engineered Leather Could be Mass-Produced by 2017 2012-09-18T21:45:00.403Z But the doctors expected, and wanted, that to happen — by degrading into smaller compounds, the matrix started the signaling process, recruiting stem cells to come to the site where they could become muscle cells. Body Builders: Human Muscle Regenerated With Animal Help 2012-09-17T01:30:36Z In the lab, they exposed human muscle cells, from the heart and elsewhere, to triclosan and discovered that the chemical interrupted cellular communication necessary for muscle contraction. Chemical in Antibacterial Soap Weakens Muscle Function 2012-08-15T23:35:31Z Existing treatments, Murry said, "dance around the root cause" — that the injured heart doesn't have enough muscle cells left to pump and keep a steady electrical rhythm. UW researchers see work as step toward regenerating human heart 2012-08-08T02:47:12Z Fibroids are non-cancerous growths that form from muscle cells and other tissue in the wall of the uterus. Fibroid embolization "fails" more in young women 2012-07-31T17:27:43Z As the muscle cells grow in size, the tissue is continuously supplied with nutrients. What will we be eating in 20 years' time? 2012-07-29T23:09:40Z Giving it taste and touch would require different sensory neurons that also need to communicate with muscle cells. What Would It Take To Really Build An Artificial Jellyfish? 2012-07-25T20:45:00.237Z Bioengineers have made an artificial jellyfish using silicone and muscle cells from a rat’s heart. Artificial Jellyfish Built from Rat Cells 2012-07-23T17:15:00.687Z They created the replica by putting heart muscle cells from a rat into a silicone base. Jellyfish made from heart cells 2012-07-23T16:32:01Z The researchers shocked the muscle cells into contracting using an electric current Scientists in the US have created a free swimming artificial jellyfish. Team builds artificial jellyfish 2012-07-23T09:59:32Z The cultivated muscle cells bulk up into solid muscle fibres and bundles. What will we be eating in 20 years' time? 2012-07-29T23:09:40Z An artificial jellyfish would still need to process that information in some rudimentary way, which requires communication and coordination between the pacemaker cells, heart muscle cells and sensory neurons. What Would It Take To Really Build An Artificial Jellyfish? 2012-07-25T20:45:00.237Z Less than 1 cm in size, the medusoid has eight lobes, powered by rat heart muscle cells that make them swim like the jellyfish they were modeled after. Artificial Jellyfish Swims Like the Real Thing 2012-07-22T18:00:00Z The therapy uses a virus to infect muscle cells with a working copy of the gene. Europe nears gene therapy first 2012-07-20T15:11:47Z The team members built the replica using silicone as a base on which to grow heart muscle cells that were harvested from rats. Team builds artificial jellyfish 2012-07-23T09:59:32Z About one third of the world’s population is infected with the parasite, which stealthily hides from the human immune system in brain and muscle cells. Is Your Cat Hosting a Human Suicide Parasite? 2012-07-05T17:33:01Z For starters, making the lab meat currently requires a lot of electricity to stimulate the muscle cells to contract. Green Blog: A Quixotic Solution: The Test Tube Burger 2012-06-26T22:13:36Z They then coached rat muscle cells to grow in parallel bands on the silicon and encased the cells with a stretchy material called elastomer. Artificial Jellyfish Swims Like the Real Thing 2012-07-22T18:00:00Z It's long been believed that smooth muscle cells within blood vessel walls combined with cholesterol and fat to clog arteries. Stem Cells Behind Clogged Arteries 2012-06-06T16:00:00Z They grew the heart muscle cells on top, with the protein pattern serving as a road map for the growth and organisation of the rat tissue. Team builds artificial jellyfish 2012-07-23T09:59:32Z In a medical first, scientists in Haifa, Israel, took skin cells from two heart failure patients and reprogrammed them into stem cells that generated healthy, beating heart muscle cells in the lab. Scientists Turn Human Skin Cells Into Healthy Heart Cells 2012-05-23T19:35:14Z The cells that they created were identical to healthy heart muscle cells. Lab grows heart muscle from skin 2012-05-23T01:55:36Z Muscular dystrophy: a group of diseases in which muscles slowly deteriorate because of an inherited defect in the muscle cell. Well: Think Like a Doctor: A Crooked Walk 2012-04-05T04:18:37Z When muscle cells start to gear up for intense activity like exercise, they release calcium, which fuels the contraction process. Exercise Breakthrough: How Working Out Alters DNA 2012-03-07T20:06:22Z The muscle cells even started to contract a bit on their own before the electrical current was applied. Team builds artificial jellyfish 2012-07-23T09:59:32Z For example, a heart attack damages the heart muscle cells. Stem Cells: Flexible friends 2012-02-29T18:21:27.080Z The stem cells themselves are extracted from cattle muscle and then multiplied a millionfold before they are put in Petri dishes and allowed to turn into muscle cells. Artificial meat: Hamburger junction 2012-02-23T17:07:45Z First, bovine stem cells are grown in a vat and transformed into thousands of layers of beef muscle cells. World's First Test-Tube Hamburger Coming in 2012 2012-02-21T23:05:27Z The researchers took the biopsy of muscle cells once before the participants exercised, and again within 20 minutes afterward. Exercise Breakthrough: How Working Out Alters DNA 2012-03-07T20:06:22Z Their analysis in 11 men also showed the rub-downs helped rev up energy centers in muscle cells, according to a report in the journal Science Translational Medicine. Massage After Exercise Tamps Down Inflammation That Causes Aches 2012-02-01T19:23:40Z Might they retain some genetic or cellular 'memory' of their previous life as a skin cell or a muscle cell? Stem Cells: Flexible friends 2012-02-29T18:21:27.080Z The fatty cells of adipose tissue, needed for juiciness, are grown separately and then combined with the muscle cells before the whole thing is cooked. Artificial meat: Hamburger junction 2012-02-23T17:07:45Z In the higher Metazoa the whole cell—muscle cell—is specialized for contractility, and shows, as a result of its specialization, a distinct fibrillation. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 7, Slice 8 "Cube" to "Daguerre, Louis" 2012-01-31T03:00:17.257Z When mice exercise, their muscle cells release a newly discovered hormone that the researchers named irisin. Brown Fat Burns Ordinary Fat, Study Finds 2012-01-24T17:00:48Z For the study, the researchers studied mouse and human muscle cells. Well Blog: Phys Ed: Exercise Hormone Keeps Us Healthy 2012-01-11T18:26:21Z Uterine fibroids are common, non-cancerous growths that form from muscle cells and other tissue in the wall of the uterus. Uterine fibroids cost the U.S. billions: study 2011-12-20T17:13:35Z These indicated that muscle cells were being broken down to obtain protein and energy. Orangutans shed light on obesity in people 2011-12-14T00:54:53Z This messenger’s job is to tell muscle cells to contract. Arthritis and botulinum toxin: Something to celebrate 2011-12-08T16:17:05Z All of those qualities require energy from your metabolism, your muscle cells and your central nervous system. Don't slack off this winter 2011-10-21T18:07:03Z The media is comparatively thick, and is composed of muscle cells, arranged in flat bundles, and plates of elastic tissue. Arteriosclerosis and Hypertension: with Chapters on Blood Pressure, 3rd Edition. 2011-10-11T02:01:07.890Z In experiments with muscle cells from the lining of blood vessels, the researchers found that a sudden mechanical force flips a genetic switch in these cells, making them more likely to contract. How Blasts Injure the Brain 2011-07-22T22:00:00Z A windpipe is a hollow tube made up of respiratory cells that sit atop a scaffold of various tissues, such as cartilage and muscle cells. Lab-Grown Windpipe Saves Man 2011-07-07T21:21:54Z The toxin molecules attach themselves to a protein called synaptotagmin, which is found on the surface membranes of nerve cells at their junctions with muscle cells. Arthritis and botulinum toxin: Something to celebrate 2011-12-08T16:17:05Z One of the genes in this region known as MYH11 affects smooth muscle cell tissue in major arteries in the body, including the thoracic aorta. Scientists find risk factor for tears in the aorta 2011-06-16T21:14:51Z The elastica becomes progressively reduced until it entirely disappears from the middle coat, which then becomes a purely muscular tunic, and, before the capillary is reached, is reduced to a single layer of muscle cells. Arteriosclerosis and Hypertension: with Chapters on Blood Pressure, 3rd Edition. 2011-10-11T02:01:07.890Z Heart muscle cells, or cardiomyocytes, are irreparably damaged by heart attack. Stem Cells Repair Muscle Damaged by Heart Attack 2011-06-08T21:15:05.840Z And the one with "significant flaws" was the Alliance for Cell Signaling, which set out to map cell-signaling pathways in heart muscle cells and immune cells. Panel Wants NIGMS to Stop Funding Glue Grants 2011-05-27T22:37:26Z Finally, the muscle cells would need to be “bulked up” in a fashion similar to the way in which build their strength by exercising. When Will Scientists Grow Meat in a Petri Dish? 2011-05-17T12:15:00.257Z He also plans to see if human heart muscle cells grown in a laboratory dish proliferate better if the Hippo pathway is disrupted. Hippo, Warts and Other Thugs of the Genetic Realm 2011-04-25T22:20:53Z After the disappearance of the muscle cells the blood vessel has become a true capillary. Arteriosclerosis and Hypertension: with Chapters on Blood Pressure, 3rd Edition. 2011-10-11T02:01:07.890Z His group previously showed that treating mice with TBeta4 within hours of a heart attack helps muscle cells survive the injury. Stem Cells Repair Muscle Damaged by Heart Attack 2011-06-08T21:15:05.840Z Research is also under way in Brazil on a faster-acting form of the drugs, which increase blood flow by relaxing smooth muscle cells. With Generics on Horizon, New Tacks for Erectile Drugs 2011-04-13T23:01:24Z “If 10 cells differentiate, you want at least seven or eight to turn into muscle cells, not three or four,” Roelen says. When Will Scientists Grow Meat in a Petri Dish? 2011-05-17T12:15:00.257Z The reason that heart attacks are so serious is that when a large number of heart muscle cells die, they are not replaced. Hippo, Warts and Other Thugs of the Genetic Realm 2011-04-25T22:20:53Z The muscle cells undergo degeneration and either marked thickening takes place or sacculation results, depending upon the severity of the exciting cause. Arteriosclerosis and Hypertension: with Chapters on Blood Pressure, 3rd Edition. 2011-10-11T02:01:07.890Z The January workout, however, led to the 13 football players being diagnosed with rhabdomyolysis, which breaks down muscle cells and discolors urine. Chad Ochocinco begins tryout with Sporting Kansas City | Soccer 2011-03-24T02:43:33Z He and his co-workers were able to show, for example, that during swimming, motor signals move down the body through muscle cells themselves as well as through nerve connections. The Smallest Mind 2011-03-17T12:15:00.247Z Once the researchers get a big supply of muscle cells, they will need to keep them alive and bulk them up. When Will Scientists Grow Meat in a Petri Dish? 2011-05-17T12:15:00.257Z Yet the heart does slowly generate new muscle cells during a person’s lifetime, showing that a growth program is in place. Hippo, Warts and Other Thugs of the Genetic Realm 2011-04-25T22:20:53Z The heart in such a case is small, the muscle is flabby, there is brown atrophy of the fibers, and some replacement of the muscle cells by connective tissue. Arteriosclerosis and Hypertension: with Chapters on Blood Pressure, 3rd Edition. 2011-10-11T02:01:07.890Z After that, the scientists alternately coated the tube with muscle cells on the outside and lining cells on the inside. Scientists make new urethras for 5 boys 2011-03-08T00:04:25Z The team made two cell types: muscle cells for the tube's outer layer and endothelial cells -- cells that line blood vessels and other tubular structures -- for the inner layer. Scientists grow viable urethras from boys' cells 2011-03-07T23:34:40Z He is also exploring bulking up the muscle cells. When Will Scientists Grow Meat in a Petri Dish? 2011-05-17T12:15:00.257Z If the human counterparts are identified, then a drug that blocked them, switching off Hippo, might let heart muscle cells regenerate themselves, leading to a novel and fundamental treatment for heart attacks. Hippo, Warts and Other Thugs of the Genetic Realm 2011-04-25T22:20:53Z Barium chloride, digitalin, physostigmin, nicotin and other substances, as well as adrenalin, have been found to exert a selective toxic action on the muscle cells of the middle coat of the aorta. Arteriosclerosis and Hypertension: with Chapters on Blood Pressure, 3rd Edition. 2011-10-11T02:01:07.890Z To get around this, Dr Dahl and her colleagues wash the muscle cells away with a detergent, leaving just the collagen. Medical technology: A not-so-hard graft 2011-02-03T11:11:23Z The researchers, at the biotech firm Humacyte, the Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University and Duke University Medical Centre in North Carolina, built an artificial tube-shaped scaffold and added human smooth muscle cells. Heart op vessels store in fridge 2011-02-03T07:41:33Z Yet it’s basically the same stuff: muscle cells. When Will Scientists Grow Meat in a Petri Dish? 2011-05-17T12:15:00.257Z Meanwhile, other scientists cloned new anti-H.I.V. antibodies found in the blood of infected people, so the grant was “repurposed” with a different goal: to inject genes that code for these new antibodies into muscle cells. Five Years in, Gauging Impact of Gates Grants 2010-12-20T21:30:09Z This study did, however, use a broader sample of the autistic spectrum than Dr Giulivi’s, and looked at muscle cells, whose metabolic profiles are very different from nerve cells and lymphocytes. Explaining autism: Energy drain 2010-12-02T11:05:00Z Transplanting that into a patient, however, would risk provoking an immune reaction, since the muscle cells are “foreign” tissue. Medical technology: A not-so-hard graft 2011-02-03T11:11:23Z A motor unit consists of a single neuron and all of the muscle cells that it controls. Well: The Benefits of Weight Training for Kids 2010-11-24T05:01:00Z Among the arsenal of weapons in the snakes’ venom is one especially potent neurotoxin that works by binding to receptors on muscle cells. Remarkable Creatures: Good to Be King in Snake-Eat-Snake World 2010-10-25T19:53:00Z The taste receptors on the lung muscles, while structurally identical, communicate only with the muscle cells. Discovery could lead to new asthma treatments 2010-10-25T16:48:00Z They were also able to directly transform skin cells into muscle cells, they reported. U.S. researchers make stem cells quickly from skin 2010-09-30T19:25:00Z Early in August, researchers at Stanford and the University of California, San Francisco, reported they were able to use two different methods to get mouse heart cells to convert to heart muscle cells. Medical: In future, our cells may repair arteries, joints, limbs 2010-08-18T17:50:00Z Starting on day nine, the muscle cells also started to plump up, adding an extra 35 percent to their volume. Muscles Remember Past Glory 2010-08-18T14:54:00Z The team tested the idea by taking muscle cells from mice and temporarily depleting the Rb and ARF inside. Removing a Barrier to Regrowing Organs 2010-08-10T14:48:00Z By inactivating two genes that work to suppress , they got mouse muscle cells to revert to a younger state, start dividing and help repair tissue. Two New Paths to the Dream: Regeneration 2010-08-06T03:06:00Z When they blocked both Rb and ARF in mouse heart muscle cells, they started to grow and divide. Plain cells turned into beating heart cells: study 2010-08-05T17:21:00Z Antioxidants called flavanols found in cocoa are believed to be the reason why chocolate is good for blood pressure because the chemicals help the smooth muscle cells of the blood vessels to relax and widen. Chocolate may be good medicine for liver patients 2010-04-15T15:35:00Z But the selective death of just some of the nuclei in a muscle cell would require a special kind of apoptosis. Muscles Remember Past Glory 2010-08-18T14:54:00Z Nitric oxide is a gas that, once released, causes the smooth muscle cells of the blood vessels to relax and widen, he said, adding that this may contribute to lower blood pressure. Small, dark Easter eggs may be good for your heart 2010-03-30T13:44:00Z After a heart attack, the muscle cells do not regenerate, so any method of making them do so would be a possible treatment. Two New Paths to the Dream: Regeneration 2010-08-06T03:06:00Z But two independent reports in the journal Nature on Thursday contradict the stem cell idea, reporting that the mature heart muscle cells are the principal source for regenerating the zebra fish heart. Research Offers Clue Into How Hearts Can Regenerate in Some Species 2010-03-25T00:40:00Z People with the disease are deficient in an enzyme known as acid alpha-glucosidase, which is responsible for breaking down glycogen, a form of sugar stored in muscle cells. 2010-01-20T16:46:00Z It is thus easy to recognize by their form the nerve cells, the muscle cells which perform the function of movement, and the glandular cells which perform the function of secretion. The Mechanism of Life Then each muscle cell makes itself thicker and shorter. Applied Physiology Including the Effects of Alcohol and Narcotics |
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