| 单词 | Montesquieu |
| 例句 | As well as inspiring a scene in Rostand's play, the novel also anticipates the various philosophical travel narratives of Montesquieu, Jonathan Swift, and Voltaire in the following century. Beyond Cyrano de Bergerac’s nose – the real man behind the swashbuckling hero 2022-02-28T05:00:00Z She styled her political ideas on the writings of Montesquieu, who urged rulers to seek a “republican soul.” A Hermitage Amsterdam Show Looks Closer at Catherine the Great 2016-09-08T04:00:00Z His seat had also been held by the Enlightenment philosopher Montesquieu and Alexandre Dumas fils, the scion of the family with black Haitian roots. Dany Laferrière, a Guardian of French, Joins the Académie Française 2015-05-29T04:00:00Z "The role of a pretty woman in much more serious than one might suppose," Montesquieu observed in 1721. The lap of luxury 2011-07-29T22:55:02Z He was a contributing editor of British Vogue and described somewhere as part Montesquieu, part Beau Brummell and part Baudelaire. T Magazine: The Aesthetes 2014-04-11T18:32:15Z Like Montesquieu, Locke advocated for a separation of governmental powers in which the legislative, not the executive, would be supreme. Trump's Schedule F (for “Failed State”): Are Republicans fascists or nihilists — or both? 2023-10-27T04:00:00Z His contemporary Montesquieu also wrote extensively about the relationship between laws and rights. World History: from 1400 2022-12-14T00:00:00Z The second, from Montesquieu’s Spirit of the Laws, was written in 1748 as a work of social science aimed at Enlightenment intellectuals. World History: to 1500 2023-04-19T00:00:00Z These politicians were drawing on the writings of Enlightenment intellectuals such as Montesquieu and John Locke, studying historical examples from ancient Greece and Rome, and embracing key elements of English governance and common law. Opinion | Enough about democracy’s weaknesses. Let’s talk about its strengths. 2022-12-01T05:00:00Z The genius of Montesquieu is that he uses human frailties and impulses to check and balance each other. Constitution’s separation of powers prevents tyranny of majority 2022-04-12T04:00:00Z Despite their occasional homages to Montesquieu and Locke, the Heritage Foundation and its followers have flipped that thinking upside down by insisting that the Constitution considers the executive branch superior to the other two. Trump's Schedule F (for “Failed State”): Are Republicans fascists or nihilists — or both? 2023-10-27T04:00:00Z Montesquieu believed that Britain was the best-governed and most politically balanced country of his own day. World History: Patterns of Interaction 2012-01-01T00:00:00Z Montesquieu’s disdain for absolute authority undoubtedly influenced his view of the great khan. World History: to 1500 2023-04-19T00:00:00Z “But it’s particularly sad when it happens in France which, thanks to Montesquieu, is considered the country of justice. I’m now hopeful that justice will be rendered.’ Judges in France Order the Reopening of an Enduring Murder Mystery 2021-12-16T05:00:00Z Montesquieu, observing the excesses of the French nobility, concluded that the best government was divided government. 55 statesmen revolutionized governance in creating Constitution 2021-09-28T04:00:00Z However, Montesquieu was most afraid of extinction by way of depopulation. The classification of humankind, and the birth of population science 2020-11-09T05:00:00Z Montesquieu called this division of power among different branches separation of powers. World History: Patterns of Interaction 2012-01-01T00:00:00Z As Montesquieu says: give power to a man and they will use it. French reporter who joined police exposes racism and violence 2020-09-03T04:00:00Z These arguments were also adapted to claim superiority over indigenous people of North America: writers such as Montesquieu claimed that the more extreme weather of the American colonies created degeneracy. The Ugly History of Climate Determinism Is Still Evident Today 2020-06-24T04:00:00Z “Not much probity is needed for maintaining or sustaining a monarchical government or a despotic government,” wrote the Baron de Montesquieu, whose philosophy inspired the Framers. Opinion | This vulgar man has squandered our decency 2020-02-07T05:00:00Z Numerous other treatises on demography across the ensuing century echoed Montesquieu's concerns. The classification of humankind, and the birth of population science 2020-11-09T05:00:00Z In his book, Montesquieu proposed that separation of powers would keep any individual or group from gaining total control of the government. World History: Patterns of Interaction 2012-01-01T00:00:00Z Previously, the primary influences on the Framers were thought to be Enlightenment figures such as Locke and Montesquieu. Roger Stone’s and Jerome Corsi’s Time in the Barrel 2019-02-11T05:00:00Z So did the Enlightenment philosopher Montesquieu, who pointedly worried about the “spirit of extreme equality” he assumed was typical of democracies. Could populism actually be good for democracy? 2018-10-11T04:00:00Z As Montesquieu wrote, “The suffrage by lot is natural to democracy, as that by choice is to aristocracy.” Perspective | Five myths about democracy 2018-09-07T04:00:00Z He devoured the works of Enlightenment philosophers — Rousseau, Voltaire, Montesquieu, Locke — who emphasized reason and individualism over tradition. Perspective | A visit to Monticello offers a reminder of the enduring legacy of ‘deep rooted prejudices’ 2018-08-28T04:00:00Z Montesquieu’s book was admired by political leaders in the British colonies of North America. World History: Patterns of Interaction 2012-01-01T00:00:00Z Montesquieu’s comment that liberty consisted in the ability to do what the law permits was a source of 20th-century confusion; many misread him as defining liberty away. America’s border and the rule of law: Are we becoming a terror state? 2018-07-29T04:00:00Z Montesquieu, the 18th-century French political philosopher, picked up where the ancient Greeks left off, arguing for the benefits of small territories. Opinion | Is the United States Too Big to Govern? 2018-05-11T04:00:00Z Mr. Anton is also a prolific essayist who flavors his writing with references to Gibbon and Montesquieu. A National Security Aide’s Departing Wish: Cooking for the State Dinner 2018-04-24T04:00:00Z Anton is also a prolific essayist who flavors his writing with references to Gibbon and Montesquieu. Departing national-security aide’s grand finale: cooking for a state dinner 2018-04-24T04:00:00Z While laws work to protect citizens from abusive rulers, Montesquieu argues that they also guard against anarchy and mob rule. World History: Patterns of Interaction 2012-01-01T00:00:00Z David Hume dispensed with it in a letter to Montesquieu in 1749. Donald Trump imposes levies on metal imports 2018-03-08T05:00:00Z “That is not what the founding generation did when it adopted a Constitution grounded in the then-untested political theories of Locke, Montesquieu and Rousseau,” he wrote. A Case for Math, Not ‘Gobbledygook,’ in Judging Partisan Voting Maps 2018-01-15T05:00:00Z It is the world of Schumpeter and Coase, not Montesquieu or Madison. How the American government slowly became a business | Jon Michaels 2017-12-18T05:00:00Z In the village of Sainte-Thècle Montesquieu, an 86-year-old farmer recalls how, in his childhood, members of the resistance hid in the forests and planted bombs on railway tracks to disrupt Nazi convoys. France’s identity crisis: ‘People just don’t know what to think any more’ 2017-04-22T04:00:00Z Both Montesquieu and Rousseau believed firmly that fair and just laws—not monarchs or unrestrained mobs—should govern society. World History: Patterns of Interaction 2012-01-01T00:00:00Z Certain great figures, like Socrates, Erasmus, Montesquieu and Rousseau helped propel the nations to higher reaches of the humanistic ideal. The Crisis of Western Civilization 2017-04-21T04:00:00Z If David Hume was “apt to suspect the Negroes” to be “naturally inferior to the whites”, Montesquieu had little doubt that they were “barbarians”. The Divided States: Trump's inauguration and how democracy has failed 2017-01-13T05:00:00Z Montesquieu thought that commerce, which renders “superfluous things useful and useful ones necessary,” would “cure destructive prejudices” and promote “communication among peoples.” How Rousseau Predicted Trump 2016-07-25T04:00:00Z She was referring to the Enlightenment political philosopher Baron de Montesquieu who wrote “the state of slavery is in its own nature bad”. French women’s rights minister accused of racism over term ‘negro’ 2016-03-30T04:00:00Z She presented it with a brilliant proposal for reforms based on the ideas of Montesquieu and Beccaria. World History: Patterns of Interaction 2012-01-01T00:00:00Z Ms Rossignol told Buzzfeed the word "negro" was no longer used except to refer to Baron de Montesquieu's writings on slavery. French minister compares veil wearers to 'negroes who accepted slavery' - BBC News 2016-03-30T04:00:00Z Madison goes on to paraphrase Montesquieu: “There can be no liberty where the legislative and executive powers are united in the same person.” Clinton Is Already Vowing to Overreach 2015-12-16T05:00:00Z President Xi himself is a ferocious reader familiar with the works of Montesquieu, Voltaire and Rousseau. The Rising Anti-Intellectualism In China: Part II 2015-07-21T04:00:00Z Typically French, too, is an insouciance of manner, “doing frivolous things seriously, and serious things frivolously”, as the philosopher Montesquieu wrote. From Left Bank to left behind: where have the great French thinkers gone? 2015-06-13T04:00:00Z The 55 delegates were experienced statesmen who were familiar with the political theories of Locke, Montesquieu, and Rousseau. World History: Patterns of Interaction 2012-01-01T00:00:00Z Now the straight-A student likes history because he gets to spell out long historical names such as Antonio López de Santa Anna and Barón de Montesquieu. South Dakota spelling champ takes aim after previous loss 2015-05-11T04:00:00Z When he visited France, he mentioned that he had read Montesquieu, Voltaire, Rousseau, Diderot, Saint-Simon, Fourier, Sartre, and twelve others. Rise of the Red Prince 2015-03-30T04:00:00Z “Montesquieu said that when the executive branch begins to legislate, then a form of tyranny will ensue,” Paul said, referencing President Obama’s unilateral policy decisions, including the legalization of millions of undocumented immigrants. Paul looks for an opening in Iowa 2015-02-07T05:00:00Z Only she didn't want to talk about Montesquieu. Revolution by Russell Brand review – soft-soap therapy when we need a harder edge 2014-10-17T04:00:00Z Like Montesquieu, the delegates distrusted a powerful central government controlled by one person or group. World History: Patterns of Interaction 2012-01-01T00:00:00Z As Madison wisely observed, citing the insights of Montesquieu, a clear separation of the powers of government is essential to prevent the rise of tyranny. DeLAY: From King George III to King Obama I 2014-07-03T04:00:00Z The “great thinkers” of the past were, for the most part, were those wealthy enough to think and be heard — Montesquieu, Smith, de Tocqueville, Keynes, Schopenhauer, Hegel, Freud, Darwin, Huxley. The real secret to making it as a writer: Be fabulously wealthy before you even start 2014-03-30T13:00:00Z In a state where caucus-goers often demand warm interactions with presidential contenders, they were happy to hear Paul’s riffs on monetary policy and Montesquieu from a distance. Paul looks for an opening in Iowa 2015-02-07T05:00:00Z This time last year I hosted a Swedish academic who had come to Cambridge to give a talk about Montesquieu. Revolution by Russell Brand review – soft-soap therapy when we need a harder edge 2014-10-17T04:00:00Z Seated in a wheelchair in a glassed-in defendant’s box, Simbikangwa flipped through handwritten notes as he invoked the memory of the “great men who built France” and cited philosophers Descartes and Montesquieu. Rwandan Ex-Intel Chief Convicted in Genocide Trial 2014-03-14T22:10:28Z We are a long way from Montesquieu’s dream of checks and balances on power through a tri-branched government. Hypocrisy, posturing, face-saving: The true politics of the CIA-Senate spat 2014-03-13T17:20:00Z Many of them, including Tocqueville and Montesquieu, connected the liberty that English-speakers took for granted to geography. Keep Free and Carry On 2013-11-16T04:17:50Z He suggested, rather, that the starring role should be given to a group of thinkers, such as Montesquieu, who argued that the best way to prevent social disorder was to channel people’s passions into moneymaking. Schumpeter: Exit Albert Hirschman 2012-12-19T16:07:14Z Once asked how he managed to pack in so much training, Agnel quoted the French political philosopher Montesquieu. France pins Olympic swimming hopes on Yannick Agnel 2012-07-31T15:31:44Z Montesquieu at first denounced them with unqualified energy, but in his later years in some degree modified his opinions. History of European Morals From Augustus to Charlemagne (Vol. 2 of 2) 2012-04-27T02:00:34.267Z As to the complicated task of judging any individual State and its constitution according to its climatic and geographic conditions and its historical antecedents, with the exception of Montesquieu, no man dreamt of that. The Contemporary Review, Volume 36, November 1879 2012-04-25T02:01:12.830Z Scholars from Montesquieu to Bernard Lewis suggest that there was something in the political development of the Arab imperial system that seemed to poison the ground against economic pluralism. Why Democracy Is Struggling in the Middle East 2012-04-06T01:35:37Z Among political and social reformers, he must be classed with the school of Montesquieu rather than with that of Rousseau. The Catholic World; Volume I, Issues 1-6 A Monthly Eclectic Magazine 2012-04-05T02:00:40.207Z Montesquieu has written an interesting essay on the political nature of the Roman religion.749.Sueton. History of European Morals From Augustus to Charlemagne (Vol. 1 of 2) 2012-03-28T02:00:20.770Z Montesquieu wrote in favor of a constitutional monarchy such as then existed in England, and his work shadowed forth a future for the middle class in France. Theological Essays 2012-03-27T02:00:21.867Z Don Quixote is not, as Montesquieu pretended, the only good Spanish book, which in reaction against the national spirit, ridiculed the others. Heroic Spain 2012-03-26T02:00:38.797Z Buckle classes him with Bolingbroke and Montesquieu, the fathers of modern history, and all sceptics; and even now, says Lecky, no historian can read him without profit. Voltaire: A Sketch of his Life and Works 2012-03-14T02:00:25.570Z The disciple of Montesquieu loses much of his admiration for the American constitutions when he sees them in operation, and seems especially loath to introduce them into his own country. The Catholic World; Volume I, Issues 1-6 A Monthly Eclectic Magazine 2012-04-05T02:00:40.207Z Montesquieu, in his Décadence de l'Empire romain, has shown in detail the manner in which the crimes of Roman politicians contributed to the greatness of their nation. History of European Morals From Augustus to Charlemagne (Vol. 1 of 2) 2012-03-28T02:00:20.770Z Montesquieu urged that virtue is the true essence of republicanism, but misled by the mistaken notions of honor held by his predecessors and contemporaries, he declared honor to be the principle of monarchical institutions. Theological Essays 2012-03-27T02:00:21.867Z Well might the sagacious Montesquieu characterize it as cold-blooded tyranny. Sketches of Reforms and Reformers, of Great Britain and Ireland 2012-03-12T03:00:20.310Z Montesquieu himself has justly remarked, “that the most unexceptionable conduct, the purest morals, and the constant practice of every duty in life, are not a sufficient security against the suspicion of crimes like these.” Curiosities of Medical Experience 2012-03-09T03:00:20.410Z Montesquieu also pays special attention to the political consequences of the distribution of wealth. Principles of Political Economy, Vol. II 2012-01-25T03:00:34.150Z Montesquieu, a writer in most respects of enlarged views, holds that it is beneath the dignity of governments to interfere with such trumpery things as the regulation of weights and measures. Knowledge is Power: A View of the Productive Forces of Modern Society and the Results of Labor, Capital and Skill. 2011-12-24T03:08:00.833Z In this sense the works of Rousseau, Montesquieu, Mirabeau, Diderot, d'Alembert, Voltaire, and several other modern philosophers, among whom was Filangieri, were excepted from the privilege. The History of the Inquisition of Spain from the Time of its Establishment to the Reign of Ferdinand VII. 2011-12-22T03:00:10.443Z Montesquieu, reasons given by him for the high rates of interest among all Mahometan nations, 40. An Inquiry Into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations 2011-12-05T03:00:41.403Z Montesquieu was one of the many writers who attributed this propensity as being nearly exclusive to the English. Curiosities of Medical Experience 2012-03-09T03:00:20.410Z Montesquieu's opinion that in monarchies luxury is necessary to preserve the difference of class but that in republics it is a cause of decline, is very peculiar. Principles of Political Economy, Vol. II 2012-01-25T03:00:34.150Z Channeling Locke and Montesquieu and so many of her adoring European pen pals, she argued against excessive punishment, decried slavery and spoke ardently for a free press. Catherine the Great Rides to Glory in Bio: Manuela Hoelterhoff 2011-12-01T02:19:01Z So let us fling no smallest pebble at the nation of Des Cartes, Montesquieu, Pascal, and De Tocqueville. From the Oak to the Olive A Plain record of a Pleasant Journey 2011-11-26T03:00:12.337Z “Five,” answered he at once; “Newton, Bacon, Leibnitz, Montesquieu, and myself.” Islam Her Moral And Spiritual Value A Rational And Pyschological Study 2011-11-25T03:00:15.820Z His preamble reflects to a large extent the views of Montesquieu and Beccaria which he copied in the "Commonplace Book." Thomas Jefferson The Apostle of Americanism 2011-11-23T03:00:55.563Z According to Montesquieu, it is a genuine aristocratic maxim to hold the nobility to a punctual payment of their debts. Principles of Political Economy, Vol. II 2012-01-25T03:00:34.150Z Propositions as vague as those of Montesquieu may indeed be asserted with more or less plausibility. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 12, Slice 3 "Gordon, Lord George" to "Grasses" 2011-11-13T03:00:13.177Z Now that was exactly how the eighteenth century writers worked: neither Voltaire, Montesquieu nor Diderot cared about composing a book, as a skilful architect builds a house, to stand alone, imposing and complete. The Anglo-French Entente in the Seventeenth Century 2011-11-04T02:00:24.773Z Madame Sand's Memoirs are also advertised; another step that way and Germany need no longer envy the country of Montesquieu and Voltaire, of good sense and action. The International Monthly, Volume 4, No. 4, November 1, 1851 2011-11-03T02:00:15.113Z The elimination of the first term is probably due to the fact that Montesquieu had indicated that "honneur" is the main principle on which rests monarchical government and is easily understandable. Thomas Jefferson The Apostle of Americanism 2011-11-23T03:00:55.563Z To succeed in this, however, it was necessary to pass the French lines, which were of great strength, and were guarded by Marshal Montesquieu at the head of forty battalions and twenty squadrons. Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine, Vol. 60, No. 373, November 1846 2011-10-21T02:00:17.417Z Many great authors have been indebted to him,—Rabelais, Montaigne, Montesquieu, Voltaire, Rousseau, Shakspeare, Bacon, and Dryden, among the number. The World's Best Books : A Key to the Treasures of Literature 2011-10-20T02:00:20.857Z Her first husband was Benjamin de Crouzas, son to one of Montesquieu's adversaries, after whose death she married the Baron de Montolieu. Notes and Queries, Vol. IV, Number 91, July 26, 1851 A Medium of Inter-communication for Literary Men, Artists, Antiquaries, Genealogists, etc. 2011-10-19T02:00:23.307Z The reader will not realize Montesquieu's remark, That when we attempt to prove things so evident we are sure never to convince. Deformities of Samuel Johnson, Selected from his Works 2011-10-18T02:00:19.057Z It was an extension of Montesquieu's theory of laws to international relations, an application of the theories of the French economists on free trade. Thomas Jefferson The Apostle of Americanism 2011-11-23T03:00:55.563Z That fort was immediately attacked by Marshal Montesquieu, and, after a stout resistance, carried by the French, who made the garrison, five hundred strong, prisoners. Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine, Vol. 60, No. 373, November 1846 2011-10-21T02:00:17.417Z In history, Guizot; in jurisprudence, in its widest sense, Montesquieu; and in picturing the literary history of a nation, Taine, stand unrivalled anywhere. The World's Best Books : A Key to the Treasures of Literature 2011-10-20T02:00:20.857Z In his speculations on the connexion between forms of government and natural causes, he serves as a link between Aristotle and Montesquieu. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 11, Slice 2 "French Literature" to "Frost, William" 2011-10-14T02:00:26.280Z He was a son of the 18th century; he had studied with sympathy Locke and Montesquieu; no one appreciated more keenly than he did political liberty and the freedom of an Englishman. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 11, Slice 8 "Germany" to "Gibson, William" 2011-10-05T02:00:17.763Z Between times he took upon himself the task of rewriting entirely the translation of Destutt de Tracy's "Review of Montesquieu" and directed the printing of his treatise on "Political Economy." Thomas Jefferson The Apostle of Americanism 2011-11-23T03:00:55.563Z Whenever you criminalize speech – unless in rare cases when it deliberately incites violence against persons or governments – you intimidate its free exercise, and the nation that gave us Voltaire and Montesquieu ought to know better. How Galliano's Conviction Sets a Poor Example for the Developing World 2011-09-13T09:20:13Z To give a notion of his talents in two words, he could have written Zadig as wittily as Voltaire; he could have thought out the Dialogue between Sylla and Eucrates as powerfully as Montesquieu. The Works of Honor? de Balzac About Catherine de' Medici, Seraphita and Other Stories 2011-09-02T02:00:23.810Z Holberg visited England twenty-five years before Voltaire and twenty-four years before Montesquieu, and brought back first hand views and impressions, sifted only through the medium of his unbiassed mind. Ludvig Holberg, The Founder of Norwegian Literature and an Oxford Student 2011-08-25T02:00:32.027Z The works of Montesquieu and Rousseau were translated into Japanese, and widely read with avidity. An Introduction to the History of Japan 2011-08-25T02:00:29.177Z No greater mistake could be made than to look for his sources in Locke, Montesquieu, or Rousseau. Thomas Jefferson The Apostle of Americanism 2011-11-23T03:00:55.563Z Montesquieu then describes, in the strongest and liveliest colors, a republican state where the laws have ceased to be enforced. Elements of Morals With Special Application of the Moral Law to the Duties of the Individual and of Society and the State 2011-08-10T02:00:16.913Z Of the value of classification, Lamartine has given a fine illustration:——'Montesquieu had sounded the institutions and analysed the laws of all people. A Logic Of Facts Or, Every-day Reasoning 2011-07-22T02:00:18.543Z Mirabeau's novels, Chénier's Greek verses, Diderot's correspondence, and Montesquieu's minor works are as daring as the writings of Catullus himself. Ancient Manners Also Known As Aphrodite 2011-06-13T02:00:23.863Z Let us see the opinion of perhaps the greatest master that ever touched the subject of jurisprudence—I mean Montesquieu. Trial of the Officers and Crew of the Privateer Savannah, on the Charge of Piracy, in the United States Circuit Court for the Southern District of New York 2011-06-05T02:00:10.927Z We have no means of determining whether Jefferson had undertaken a systematic study of federative governments when he was still a student, or at what time he copied the many extracts and quotations from Montesquieu. Thomas Jefferson The Apostle of Americanism 2011-11-23T03:00:55.563Z The stipulations which Montesquieu demanded have been made, and have led to the suppression, or at least to a great diminution, of the slave-trade. Elements of Morals With Special Application of the Moral Law to the Duties of the Individual and of Society and the State 2011-08-10T02:00:16.913Z One on the Mosaic code as a precedent for the laws of other nations, would have delighted Montesquieu. Amenities of Literature Consisting of Sketches and Characters of English Literature 2011-06-03T02:00:19.227Z Montesquieu urged that virtue is the true essence of republicanism, but misled by the mistaken notions of honour held by his predecessors and contemporaries, he declared honour to be the principle of monarchical institutions. Heresy: Its Utility And Morality A Plea And A Justification 2011-05-31T02:00:37.797Z Nearly all the publicists of the eighteenth century, Montesquieu excepted, proceed in the same manner. Lectures on the true, the beautiful and the good 2011-05-25T02:00:17.943Z Bossuet might dispute this palm with him; but Bossuet, in his “Discourse on Universal History,” only exemplified the principle which it was left to Montesquieu afterward more consciously to develop. French Classics 2011-05-22T02:00:12.620Z In France Hume's reputation stood higher than it was in England; several of his works had been translated into French; and he had corresponded with Montesquieu, Helvetius and Rousseau. Essays 2011-05-19T02:00:06.077Z "We ought all to be able," they say, "to bear with each other very well, and, if only thereby, refute the observation of the great Montesquieu, that trade knits together nations and sunders individuals." Hesperus or Forty-Five Dog-Post-Days Vol. II A Biography 2011-05-14T02:00:08.440Z Montesquieu wrote in favour of a constitutional monarchy such as then existed in England, and his work shadowed forth a future for the middle class in France. Heresy: Its Utility And Morality A Plea And A Justification 2011-05-31T02:00:37.797Z What!" somewhere says Montesquieu, "man is everywhere in society, and it is asked whether man was born for society! Lectures on the true, the beautiful and the good 2011-05-25T02:00:17.943Z Three books, still living, are associated with the name of Montesquieu—“The Persian Letters,” “The Greatness and the Decline of the Romans,” and “The Spirit of Laws.” French Classics 2011-05-22T02:00:12.620Z Possibly Russia is yet destined to afford another illustration of the truth of Montesquieu's maxim, that no nation ever yet rose to durable greatness but through institutions in harmony with its spirit. Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine, Volume 60, No. 369, July 1846 2011-04-29T02:00:09.217Z In support of these views he cited Montesquieu, who, speaking of them says: "Of the three powers above mentioned, the Judiciary is next to nothing." Inquiry Into the Origin and Course of Political Parties in the United States 2011-04-24T02:00:09.423Z Montesquieu has observed, with his usual antithesis, "In the infancy of societies, it is the leaders that create the institutions; afterwards, it is the institutions which make the leaders." The American Quarterly Review No. XVIII, June 1831 (Vol 9) 2011-04-02T02:00:12.460Z Montesquieu has said that liberty is not a fruit of warm climates. Lectures on the true, the beautiful and the good 2011-05-25T02:00:17.943Z We shall have here no room for illustrative citations from Montesquieu’s “Persian Letters.” French Classics 2011-05-22T02:00:12.620Z Plutarch therefore asserts directly the contrary to that which is attributed to him by Montesquieu, and declares in favor of woman with an enthusiasm which is even affecting. A Philosophical Dictionary, Volume 10 (of 10) From "The Works of Voltaire - A Contemporary Version" 2011-03-31T02:00:21.443Z The liberal spirit of Montesquieu and Basnage found new expression, and, we may say its culmination, in the men of the Revolution. The Allied Countries and the Jews 2011-03-29T02:00:08.617Z Montesquieu, Baron, his opinion relative to Thefts, &c., A Treatise on the Police of the Metropolis Containing a Detail of the Various Crimes and Misdemeanors by which Public and Private Property and Security are, at Present, Injured and Endangered: and Suggesting Remedies for their Prevention 2011-03-23T02:00:17.353Z Of moral laws especially must be said what Montesquieu said of all laws in general,—they are necessary relations that are derived from the nature of things. Lectures on the true, the beautiful and the good 2011-05-25T02:00:17.943Z The critical element is the element chiefly wanting to make Montesquieu’s work equal to the demands of modern historical scholarship. French Classics 2011-05-22T02:00:12.620Z We have already remarked, that Montesquieu, being unable to succeed in verse, professed, in his "Persian Letters," to discover no merit in Virgil or Horace. A Philosophical Dictionary, Volume 10 (of 10) From "The Works of Voltaire - A Contemporary Version" 2011-03-31T02:00:21.443Z The ashes of Rousseau, of Montesquieu, would shudder to find themselves in company with the traitor! The Sword of Honor, volumes 1 & 2 or The Foundation of the French Republic, A Tale of The French Revolution 2011-03-21T02:00:09.090Z He had abused Montesquieu's Spirit of Laws, without comprehending him, and had especially censured what is the most liked and approved in that work. Voltaire's Romances, Complete in One Volume 2011-03-20T02:00:21.247Z A Paradoxical philosopher, carrying to the uttermost length that aphorism of Montesquieu's, 'Happy the people whose annals are tiresome,' has said; 'Happy the people whose annals are vacant.' Tales and Trails of Wakarusa 2011-03-08T03:00:41.730Z Montesquieu had had practical proof of the importance to himself of not offending the dominant hierarchy. French Classics 2011-05-22T02:00:12.620Z This mistake is pardonable only in a wit like Montesquieu, always led away by the rapidity of his ideas, which are often very indistinct. A Philosophical Dictionary, Volume 10 (of 10) From "The Works of Voltaire - A Contemporary Version" 2011-03-31T02:00:21.443Z Montesquieu thus defines slavery:—"Slavery, properly so called, is the establishment of a right which gives to one man such a power over another, as renders him absolute master of his life and fortune." Cannibals all! or, Slaves without masters 2011-03-06T03:00:21.020Z One of the company advanced that Tasso, with all his faults, was as superior to Homer, as Montesquieu, with his still greater imperfections, was above the farrago of Grotius. Voltaire's Romances, Complete in One Volume 2011-03-20T02:00:21.247Z A rash admirer of Montesquieu wrote a treatise upon "Constitutional Monarchy," and was put in prison. A Short History of Italy (476-1900) 2011-02-24T03:01:00.630Z This production of Montesquieu became the suggestive example to Goldsmith for his “Citizen of the 185 World; or, Letters of a Chinese Philosopher.” French Classics 2011-05-22T02:00:12.620Z It is a sad thing, that Montesquieu should give credit to this fable. A Philosophical Dictionary, Volume 10 (of 10) From "The Works of Voltaire - A Contemporary Version" 2011-03-31T02:00:21.443Z Now, let the reader examine and study these definitions of Liberty by Paley, Montesquieu and Blackstone, and he will see that they are in pursuit of an ignis fatuus that eludes their grasp. Cannibals all! or, Slaves without masters 2011-03-06T03:00:21.020Z When Voltaire and Montesquieu applauded, the English lawyer had cause for complacency. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 9, Slice 6 "English Language" to "Epsom Salts" 2011-02-19T03:00:59.807Z Diderot, Montesquieu, Voltaire and the Encyclopedists share the views of Rousseau. Woman in Science With an Introductory Chapter on Woman's Long Struggle for Things of the Mind 2011-01-12T03:00:29.853Z The “Spirit of Laws” is probably to be considered the masterpiece of Montesquieu. French Classics 2011-05-22T02:00:12.620Z The celebrated Montesquieu, who was called humane, has said, however,' that it is just to bear fire and sword against our neighbors, when we fear that they are doing too well. A Philosophical Dictionary, Volume 10 (of 10) From "The Works of Voltaire - A Contemporary Version" 2011-03-31T02:00:21.443Z We proceed to examine the attempted definitions of Montesquieu and Blackstone. Cannibals all! or, Slaves without masters 2011-03-06T03:00:21.020Z The Federal Convention.36.Montesquieu, a famous French writer of the eighteenth century, tells us that political liberty consists in the security one feels in doing whatever the law permits. The Short Constitution 2011-01-05T03:01:00.017Z Diderot declares that serious studies do not comport with woman's sex, while Montesquieu would limit female education to mere accomplishments. Woman in Science With an Introductory Chapter on Woman's Long Struggle for Things of the Mind 2011-01-12T03:00:29.853Z For the Christian religion, Montesquieu professes profound respect—rather as a pagan political philosopher might do, than as one intimately acquainted with it by a personal experience 190 of his own. French Classics 2011-05-22T02:00:12.620Z Montesquieu, C. de S., views on Corsica, i. The Life of Napoleon Bonaparte Vol. IV. (of IV.) 2011-01-05T03:00:52.520Z It was an odd volume of Montesquieu's Voyage au temple de Guide, in a binding at least a century old. 813 2010-12-28T03:00:13.553Z Montesquieu had never dreamed of such a work—Moses' task had been simpler. The Tower of Oblivion 2010-12-20T17:11:53.787Z At the dawn of the Industrial Revolution, the French philosopher Montesquieu summarized his views on the potential of trade, writing that “the natural effect of commerce is to lead to peace.” Letter from India: A Grass-Roots Rapprochement Between India and U.S. 2010-09-23T12:30:00Z When Montesquieu died, only Diderot, among Parisian men of letters, followed him to his tomb. French Classics 2011-05-22T02:00:12.620Z Montesquieu says, the decay of the Roman empire was the natural consequence of its extension. Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine, Volume 59, No. 368, June 1846 Isilda's grandfather must have been the son or the grandson of the French servant who wrote his diary in an odd volume of Montesquieu's works. 813 2010-12-28T03:00:13.553Z The latter is planted with plane trees, among which stand two huge statues of Montaigne and Montesquieu, and terminates upon the quays with two rostral columns which serve as lighthouses. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 4, Slice 2 "Bohemia" to "Borgia, Francis" Farewell to the idea of Montesquieu, that a republic can exist only in a small territory. The Atlantic Monthly, Volume 20, No. 119, September, 1867 It associates its author in rank of genius with the foremost political philosophers of the world—with Machiavelli, with Montesquieu, with Burke. French Classics 2011-05-22T02:00:12.620Z More recent writers, seeing that Montesquieu's aphorism was a vague proposition which meant nothing, have gone a step further, and approached much nearer to the real explanation of the phenomenon. Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine, Volume 59, No. 368, June 1846 Montesquieu too, almost alone of his contemporaries, had a matured and moderate plan of political and social reform. A Short History of French Literature The Empress was the friend of Voltaire, Montesquieu, and Diderot. An Outline of Russian Literature And, however ignorance may talk of their barbarity, it is to them that England owes her constitution, which, as Montesquieu observes, they brought from the woods of Saxony. The Lusiad or The Discovery of India, an Epic Poem We, for our part, cannot but maintain that Tocqueville is as much more solid as he may be less brilliant than his predecessor and fellow, Montesquieu. French Classics 2011-05-22T02:00:12.620Z For his consolation he found there gallantry, which Montesquieu defined as love’s light, delicate and perpetual lie. Historia Amoris: A History of Love, Ancient and Modern Montesquieu and Voltaire were, as has been said, precursors rather than members of the philosophe group proper, which is identified with the Encyclopædia, and to this group it is now time to come. A Short History of French Literature Montesquieu, indeed, said that it was with two or three hundred crowns of oak that Rome conquered the world. Folk-lore of Shakespeare The authority is here, under one form or another; it is here by Louis XIV., by Montesquieu, Voltaire, and Rousseau, by the Constituante, the Code and Napoleon. Priests, Women, and Families The American brain seized hold of certain doctrines and generalizations of Locke, Montesquieu, Burlamaqui and Beccaria concerning the rights of man and the consent of the governed. The Pentecost of Calamity This “confusion of powers,” which was contrary to the philosophical theories—those of Montesquieu especially—which had inspired the Revolution at first, was one of the essential characteristics of the Convention. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 7, Slice 3 "Convention" to "Copyright" Montesquieu, whose life was in no way eventful, lived for some years longer, dying in Paris on the 10th of February, 1755. A Short History of French Literature These interviews, so gratifying to Josephine, took place at the Royal Pavilion, near Paris, Napoleon and Madame Montesquieu, governess to the young prince, being the only confidants. Josephine Makers of History Montesquieu observes that “the course of government is attended with an insensible descent to evil, and there is no reascending to good without very great efforts.” Essays on the Constitution of the United States It has been said, I think with truth, that the writings of Locke, Voltaire, Rousseau, Montesquieu, and even of Blackstone, were more widely read and studied in America than in Europe. Concerning Justice "When God," says Montesquieu, "endowed human beings with brains, he did not intend to guaranty them." The Atlantic Monthly, Volume 16, No. 93, July, 1865 From climate Montesquieu passes to the nature of the soil, as in its turn affecting civil polity. A Short History of French Literature Taken for a universal law of history, this would be as visionary as certain generalisations of Montesquieu and Tocqueville; but with the necessary restrictions of time and place, it cannot fairly be disputed. The History of Freedom Many writers on politics still echo the absurd theory of Montesquieu on the division of the executive, legislative, and the judiciary. German Problems and Personalities They were acquainted with the arguments of Montesquieu and others that a separation of the powers of government and the vesting of each, the executive, legislative, and judicial, in different hands was essential to liberty. Concerning Justice He visited Voltaire at Brussels and spent some time in Paris, where he associated with the younger Crebillon, Fontenelle and Montesquieu. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 6, Slice 1 "Châtelet" to "Chicago" His fervid declamation about equality and brotherhood, and his sentimental republicanism, were seed as well suited to the soil in which they were sown as Montesquieu's reasoned constitutionalism was unsuited to it. A Short History of French Literature Montesquieu said, he often lost an idea before he could find words for it: yet he dictated, by way of saving time, to an amanuensis. Hazlitt on English Literature An Introduction to the Appreciation of Literature When Montesquieu laid down, as the active principle of a republic, virtue, it seemed to infer that a republic was the best of governments. Curiosities of Literature, Vol. 3 There are obvious advantages in the form for certain of the lighter of these purposes as it is used in Montesquieu's Lettres Persanes or Goldsmith's Citizen of the World. A Letter Book Selected with an Introduction on the History and Art of Letter-Writing They could not read Montesquieu without feeling that there was a future in store for them for which the long past had been patiently laboring, and longing, as they read, to hasten its coming. The Atlantic Monthly, Volume 15, No. 91, May, 1865 Anecdotes respecting him are numerous; but perhaps the most instructive is that which tells how, having heard some one speak of the style of Montesquieu, he asked, 'Si M. de Montesquieu avait un style?' A Short History of French Literature He lived, in the country to which he had rendered a national service, in extreme obscurity and decay; and the walls of the Fleet too often enclosed the English Montesquieu. Calamities and Quarrels of Authors Montesquieu was a constant student of Tacitus, of whom he must be considered a forcible imitator. Curiosities of Literature, Vol. 3 A new religion, heralded by a new evangel, that of Diderot and Montesquieu, Lessing, Beccaria, and Voltaire, and sanctified by the blood of new martyrs, the Girondins, offered itself to the world. The Origins and Destiny of Imperial Britain Nineteenth Century Europe Montesquieu, more philosophical, in his Spirit of the Laws pointed out the cause of evils, expounded the nature of governments, and upheld English liberty as worthy the consideration of France. History of Human Society This was Montesquieu's first serious work, and it placed him as high among serious writers as the Lettres Persanes had among lighter authors. A Short History of French Literature I have heard that he considered himself higher than Whitaker, and ranked himself with Montesquieu. Calamities and Quarrels of Authors Montesquieu studied the former; Rousseau and Diderot the latter. History of Free Thought in Reference to The Christian Religion Roman grandeur is not dead whilst Sulla, Tacitus, Montesquieu, Machiavelli survive. The Origins and Destiny of Imperial Britain Nineteenth Century Europe At a later period Montesquieu was led to exclaim: "Liberty, that lovely thing, was discovered in the wild forests of Germany." History of Human Society Putting Bossuet out of the question, Vico in Italy, Montesquieu and Turgot in France, are usually and rightly credited with the working out of this great conception. A Short History of French Literature The five writers to whose genius we owe the first attempt at comprehensive views of history were Bolingbroke, Montesquieu, Voltaire, Hume, and Gibbon. Men, Women, and Gods And Other Lectures Besides, as Montesquieu observes, the poltroon stood the poorest chance in the judicial combat, and the poltroon was more likely to be guilty than the man of courage. Flowers of Freethought (Second Series) The work had the fortune which Gibbon and Montesquieu craved for their own—it was read in the boudoir as much as in the study. The Origins and Destiny of Imperial Britain Nineteenth Century Europe Early in life Heivetius formed the friendship of some of the leading minds of France, Montesquieu being his intimate friend. Ancient and Modern Celebrated Freethinkers Reprinted From an English Work, Entitled "Half-Hours With The Freethinkers." The writings of Montesquieu and Turgot themselves are not history—they are essays of lesser or greater length in historical philosophy. A Short History of French Literature Like so many of his fellows, Montesquieu chafed under the influence of a corrupt clergy, and declared against them, with the philosophers. The Great Events by Famous Historians, Volume 13 Even the Christian jurisprudists of the eighteenth century defended negro slavery, which it was reserved for the sceptical Montesquieu and the arch-heretic Voltaire to condemn. Flowers of Freethought (Second Series) Yet Burke's range in speculative politics, compared with that of such a writer as Montesquieu, is narrow. The Origins and Destiny of Imperial Britain Nineteenth Century Europe Montesquieu had insisted that it is climate which ultimately differentiates the races of mankind. Shelley, Godwin and Their Circle Montesquieu himself will come in for mention under the head of philosophers, but Voltaire's ubiquity will be maintained in this chapter. A Short History of French Literature Montesquieu, a man of noble birth, was brought up as a lawyer. The Great Events by Famous Historians, Volume 13 Montesquieu's ironical chapter on the subject is worthy of Molliere, and Voltaire's is an honor to humanity. Flowers of Freethought (Second Series) Not only Voltaire and Rousseau, but Montesquieu himself, regard them curiously, as if in the backwoods dwelt the future dominators of the world. The Origins and Destiny of Imperial Britain Nineteenth Century Europe My original conception proceeded on a feeling of the imperfections and errors of Montesquieu, and a desire of supplying a less faulty work. Shelley, Godwin and Their Circle The light thrown in this fashion upon the social, moral, and intellectual characteristics of the time constitutes the chief value of all its historical literature, except the great philosophico-historical works of Montesquieu and Turgot. A Short History of French Literature Montesquieu's Persian Letters, satirizing French society, appeared as early as 1721. The Great Events by Famous Historians, Volume 13 No, no, it is Montesquieu, it is Dohm, it is my dear Lessing. Dreamers of the Ghetto Montesquieu insists that, even without Caius Julius, the fall of the oligarchy and the establishment of the Roman Empire was fixed as by a law of fate. The Origins and Destiny of Imperial Britain Nineteenth Century Europe This is a fundamental idea of the Esprit des Lois of Montesquieu. Introduction to the Study of History The working out, however, is entirely Montesquieu's, and was followed closely enough by the various writers, who, with Voltaire and Goldsmith at their head, have adopted a similar medium for satire and criticism since. A Short History of French Literature The third was the Spirit of Laws, by Montesquieu. Leading Articles on Various Subjects Extending his views beyond the admirable survey which Montesquieu had given of the rise and decline of the Roman empire, he aimed at giving a view of the progress of society in modern times. Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine, Volume 56, Number 350, December 1844 What former age could have supplied facts for such a work as that of Montesquieu? A Discourse on the Study of the Law of Nature and Nations But in Montesquieu, besides such occasional and unavoidable aberrations, there is an invaluable treasure of profound views and original thought—of luminous observation and deep reflection—of philosophic observation and just generalization. Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine, Volume 58, Number 360, October 1845 He had no real conception, such as Montesquieu had, of the philosophy of history, or of the operation of general causes. A Short History of French Literature Perhaps at this point we should digress a little and mention Montesquieu, whose delightful Spirit of Laws we have lately been reading. Imaginary Interviews Montesquieu's great work, 'The Spirit of the Laws,' which demanded for expediency and convenience in legislation the place which modern Europe had long assigned to authority, had only appeared in 1748. Library of the World's Best Literature, Ancient and Modern, Vol. 7 In matters of instruction, the ideas of Montesquieu and Aim� Martin are gaining ground. History of Woman Suffrage, Volume III Napoleon, who was thoroughly convinced of their erroneous nature, had a high admiration for Montesquieu, and frequently quoted his sentiments. Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine, Volume 58, Number 360, October 1845 Some objection was made by the minister Fleury, who was rigidly orthodox, to the satirical tone of the former book in ecclesiastical matters, but Montesquieu was none the less elected of the Academy in 1728. A Short History of French Literature Montesquieu's satirical pen pictured in his Persian Letters the earliest cafés as follows: In some of these houses they talk news; in others, they play draughts. All About Coffee Montesquieu, in his The Spirit of Laws, first published in 1747, had distinguished in the organization of society, between form, "the particular structure," and the forces, "the human passions which set it in motion." Introduction to the Science of Sociology The very foulest odd-volume of Montesquieu's "Esprit des Lois" which could be picked up on the quays lay unopened on his knee. The Belovéd Vagabond The fame of Montesquieu, great as it was in his own country, was even greater in foreign ones. Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine, Volume 58, Number 360, October 1845 Voltaire himself is nowhere more witty, while Montesquieu has over his rival the indefinable but unquestionable advantage of writing more like a gentleman. A Short History of French Literature Voltaire, Rousseau, Montesquieu, and many other writers, as well as the influence of the American Revolution, had fostered democratic ideas among the people, for the government was reeking with abuses. Great Men and Famous Women. Vol. 6 A series of pen and pencil sketches of the lives of more than 200 of the most prominent personages in History Students of civilization, like Montesquieu and Buckle, sought to explain the culture and behavior of peoples as the direct result of the physical environment. Introduction to the Science of Sociology There are on Sundays our feats of gymnastics at open-air balls beyond the barriers, and our dancing saloons in the city; such as the Prado, the Bal Montesquieu, and the Dogs’ Ball. A Tramp's Wallet stored by an English goldsmith during his wanderings in Germany and France The latter years of Montesquieu's life were spent almost entirely in retirement at his paternal chateau of La Brede, varied occasionally by visits to the great world at Paris. Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine, Volume 58, Number 360, October 1845 Montesquieu's next important work was of a very different character. A Short History of French Literature In some of his views he was original and bold; for example, he anticipated Montesquieu in attempting to appreciate the relations of government and climate. The Essays of "George Eliot" Complete While engaged in these wanderings, the duke received a letter from M. de Montesquieu, offering him the situation of professor at the college of Reichenau. Louis Philippe Makers of History Series The Abbé de Montesquieu smiled, with a slight expression of disappointment, at this freak of citizen pride. Memoirs To Illustrate The History Of My Time Volume 1 One remarkable instance will illustrate the manner in which Montesquieu supported the opposite principles, that institutions are moulded by the character and circumstances of nations, not the moulders of them. Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine, Volume 58, Number 360, October 1845 "All men are born equal," says Montesquieu; but in the hands of such a thinker no danger need be apprehended from such an axiom. Cotton is King, and Pro-Slavery Arguments Comprising the Writings of Hammond, Harper, Christy, Stringfellow, Hodge, Bledsoe, and Cartrwright on This Important Subject The principle of separation of powers as expounded by Montesquieu and Blackstone, found little favor with those who controlled American politics at this time. The Spirit of American Government A Study Of The Constitution: Its Origin, Influence And Relation To Democracy Montesquieu avers that "music is the only one of all the arts that does not corrupt the mind." Music and Some Highly Musical People On the upper classes, it is true, that day had recently broken from the writings of Montesquieu, Voltaire, Rousseau and Raynal. Celebration in Baltimore of the Triumph of Liberty in France The style of Montesquieu may be judged from the extracts, few and imperfect as they are, given in the preceding pages. Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine, Volume 58, Number 360, October 1845 In this connection we shall notice a passage from Montesquieu, which is exactly in point. Cotton is King, and Pro-Slavery Arguments Comprising the Writings of Hammond, Harper, Christy, Stringfellow, Hodge, Bledsoe, and Cartrwright on This Important Subject Compared to Montesquieu's Spirit of Laws, 180.Printing, its inventor and the date of its discovery unknown, ii. Critical and Historical Essays, Volume III (of 3) All of the inhabitants, says Montesquieu, ought to have the right to vote. History of Woman Suffrage, Volume II The French philosopher Montesquieu went so far as to explain the supposed frequency of suicide in London by connecting it with English rains and fogs. McClure's Magazine, Vol 31, No 2, June 1908 It was agreed between them that Helvetius should write to Montesquieu to give him an account of their joint opinion, that he should not give the work to the world in its present state. Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine, Volume 58, Number 360, October 1845 "All men are born equal," says Montesquieu; but he does not say they "are born equally free and independent." Cotton is King, and Pro-Slavery Arguments Comprising the Writings of Hammond, Harper, Christy, Stringfellow, Hodge, Bledsoe, and Cartrwright on This Important Subject We may add, here, that the French historical school, which has so worthily inherited the spirit of Montesquieu, has not achieved less in this direction than the older German school. Principles Of Political Economy Montesquieu and Beccaria had spoken in general terms of the desirable qualities of punishment. The English Utilitarians, Volume I. "The books that most furthered the progress of enlightenment, the Encyclopédie, the works of Montesquieu, Voltaire, Rousseau, have not enjoyed the benefits of a privilege." The Public Domain Enclosing the Commons of the Mind Shortly after the publication of the Esprit des Loix, the strength of Montesquieu rapidly declined; it seemed as if nature had been exhausted by that great production. Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine, Volume 58, Number 360, October 1845 It has received the sanction of all the great teachers of political wisdom, from an Aristotle down to a Montesquieu, and from a Montesquieu down to a Burke. Cotton is King, and Pro-Slavery Arguments Comprising the Writings of Hammond, Harper, Christy, Stringfellow, Hodge, Bledsoe, and Cartrwright on This Important Subject From that time unbelief so far prevailed that even men who were not professed assailants, as Montesquieu, Condillac, Turgot, were estranged from Christianity. Lectures on the French Revolution But Montesquieu and Blackstone, in their treatment of this point, had their eyes upon the legal fictions, and were blind to the real machinery which was working under them. The Critical Period of American History "And I," said Du Couëdic; "Montesquieu may be better informed than we suppose; and if it be Dubois who holds us in his clutches, we shall have some difficulty in freeing ourselves." The Regent's Daughter Montesquieu left a great number of manuscripts and notes; but they were in so incomplete a state, that a few detached fragments only have been deemed fit for publication. Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine, Volume 58, Number 360, October 1845 One might almost imagine that the author had been reading Aristotle, or Montesquieu, or Burke. Cotton is King, and Pro-Slavery Arguments Comprising the Writings of Hammond, Harper, Christy, Stringfellow, Hodge, Bledsoe, and Cartrwright on This Important Subject Montesquieu undertook to make the disturbing fact avail in political science. Lectures on the French Revolution In our own time the divergence has become so conspicuous that it would not now be possible for well-informed writers to make the mistake of Montesquieu and Blackstone. The Critical Period of American History The people complained plentifully, but would not pay, because they did not like the steward; this appeared a bad reason to Montesquieu, who was a man of the old régime. The Regent's Daughter Montesquieu has done enough; his mission to man has been amply fulfilled. Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine, Volume 58, Number 360, October 1845 For, as Montesquieu says, by introducing "too great a number of freemen," the "ancient citizens" would be oppressed. Cotton is King, and Pro-Slavery Arguments Comprising the Writings of Hammond, Harper, Christy, Stringfellow, Hodge, Bledsoe, and Cartrwright on This Important Subject He held Montesquieu to be radically illiberal, and believed the famous theory which divides powers without isolating them to be an old and a common discovery. Lectures on the French Revolution Among political writers, these two men must be ranked in the same order with Aristotle, Montesquieu, and Locke; and the "Federalist," their joint production, is the greatest treatise on government that has ever been written. The Critical Period of American History Montesquieu was appointed viceroy to hold assemblies, to hear the people's complaints, and to collect their money. The Regent's Daughter Powers," says Montesquieu, "which owe their greatness to commerce, may exist long in mediocrity, but their grandeur can never be of long duration. Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine, Volume 58, Number 360, October 1845 "As distant as heaven is from earth," says Montesquieu, "so is the true spirit of equality from that of extreme equality." Cotton is King, and Pro-Slavery Arguments Comprising the Writings of Hammond, Harper, Christy, Stringfellow, Hodge, Bledsoe, and Cartrwright on This Important Subject Mirabeau was not only a friend of freedom, which is a term to be defined, but a friend of federalism, which both Montesquieu and Rousseau regarded as the condition of freedom. Lectures on the French Revolution Aristotle," says Montesquieu, "wanted to gratify, first, his jealousy of Plato and then his love for Alexander. The Cult of Incompetence Alluding to their influence, Montesquieu caustically remarked that a nation where women give the prevailing tone must necessarily be talkative. Political Women, Vol. 1 The great characteristic of Montesquieu's thoughts, is the tracing the operation of general and lasting causes on human affairs. Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine, Volume 58, Number 360, October 1845 The lively phraseology of Montesquieu was the result of long meditation. Pearls of Thought The economists are outwardly and avowedly less liberal than Montesquieu, because they are incomparably more impressed by the evils of the time, and the need of immense and fundamental changes. Lectures on the French Revolution Montesquieu advised people to be very chary and to think twice before they destroyed old laws or pulled down an old house to run up a tent, but his advice is completely ignored. The Cult of Incompetence Four months later, on the 15th March, 1790, Rabaut Saint-Etienne himself, son of the long proscribed pastor of the Desert, was nominated President of the Constituent Assembly, succeeding to the chair of the Abb� Montesquieu. The Huguenots in France Rome," says Montesquieu, "had conquered the world with the aid of the Italian cities, and, in return, she had communicated to them a great variety of privileges. Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine, Volume 58, Number 360, October 1845 The maxim of Montesquieu, that "poverty always conquers wealth," solves but half the problem. Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine, Volume 62, Number 385. November, 1847. Yet all these fractions of opinion were called Liberal: Montesquieu, because he was an intelligent Tory; Voltaire, because he attacked the clergy; Turgot, as a reformer; Rousseau, as a democrat; Diderot, as a freethinker. Lectures on the French Revolution Can we attribute this to neglect or to exaggeration of its animating principle, as suggested in the formula of Montesquieu? The Cult of Incompetence Montesquieu observes, “that women commonly reserve their love for their husbands until their husbands are dead.” Sketches of the Fair Sex, in All Parts of the World Those who are governed by a king," says Montesquieu, "are less tormented by envy and jealousy, than those who live under an hereditary aristocracy. Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine, Volume 58, Number 360, October 1845 Hume's essay, which he criticises, had been in answer to a similar statement of Montesquieu. The English Utilitarians, Volume II (of 3) James Mill Another celebrated Bostonian identified the Constitution with the law of Nature, as Montesquieu called the Civil Law, written Reason. Lectures on the French Revolution It is a pity that Montesquieu should dishonour his work by such paradoxes, but we must forgive him; his uncle purchased a provincial magistrate's office and left it to him. The Cult of Incompetence Among those whom we know him to have acted upon in the highest 120degree—setting aside the disputed case of Bacon—are Pascal, Montesquieu, Rousseau, Flaubert, Emerson, and Thoreau. Montaigne and Shakspere Though Montesquieu, however, is the father of the philosophy of history, it is due to Tacitus and Machiavel to say, that he is not the author of political thought. Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine, Volume 58, Number 360, October 1845 In the higher circles "every one laughs," said Montesquieu on his visit to England, "if one talks of religion." History of the English People, Volume VII The Revolution, 1683-1760; Modern England, 1760-1767 Travellers had initiated him in the working of English institutions, and he represented the school of Montesquieu; but he was an emancipated disciple and a discriminate admirer. Lectures on the French Revolution Montesquieu had a greater antagonist than Voltaire in Plato. The Cult of Incompetence The works of Voltaire, Rousseau, and Montesquieu were eagerly studied by the nobles and fine ladies of the court with whom philosophisme was fashionable. The Political History of England - Vol. X. The History of England from the Accession of George III to the close of Pitt's first Administration The history of Montesquieu's mind, during the progress of this great work, is singularly curious and interesting. Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine, Volume 58, Number 360, October 1845 In his investigations on the nature of government Montesquieu studied English institutions as closely as he studied the institutions of Rome. History of the English People, Volume VII The Revolution, 1683-1760; Modern England, 1760-1767 Having lost that, they fell back on Montesquieu, and accepted the division of legislative, executive, and judicial powers. Lectures on the French Revolution Montesquieu, who is seldom wrong, errs in my opinion when he says, "The people is well-fitted to choose its own magistrates." The Cult of Incompetence He read Montesquieu frequently and was struck with his “energy of style and boldness of hypothesis.” Historical Essays That friend, notwithstanding all his penetration, was so mistaken in his reckoning, that he conceived the most serious disquietude as to the ruin of Montesquieu's reputation by the publication of such a work. Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine, Volume 58, Number 360, October 1845 Montesquieu could give them but an imperfect clue to the labyrinth in which they found themselves involved; and yet no one had seen farther into the mysteries of social and political organization than Montesquieu. The Atlantic Monthly, Volume 14, No. 85, November, 1864 That was an idea not to be learnt from Montesquieu, and generally repudiated by theorists of the separation of powers. Lectures on the French Revolution "Men are governed by many things," said Montesquieu, "by climate, religion, laws, precept, example, morals and manners, which act and react upon each other and all combine to form a general temperament." The Cult of Incompetence “The French” Sainte-Beuve wrote, “is that of one who has read Montesquieu much and imitates him; it is correct, but artificial French.” Historical Essays It has been often observed," says Montesquieu, "that our armies generally melt away under the fatigue of the soldiers, while those of the Romans never failed to preserve their health by it. Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine, Volume 58, Number 360, October 1845 Montesquieu says: "It is written to prove all others useless." Wit and Wisdom of Don Quixote An army under Montesquieu occupied Savoy and Nice without resistance, and the people readily adopted the new system. Lectures on the French Revolution Montesquieu shows that the people can recognise ability when it has been proved, but he says nothing to show that it recognises readily nascent, unproved talent. The Cult of Incompetence The life of society was studied by Montesquieu; the inward life of the heart was studied by a young moralist, whose premature loss was lamented with tender passion by Voltaire. A History of French Literature Short Histories of the Literatures of the World: II. Even the great mind of Montesquieu, in its first essay before the public, did not escape the contagion of the age. Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine, Volume 58, Number 360, October 1845 Even Voltaire praised her beauty, and Montesquieu flattered her intellect. A Modern History, From the Time of Luther to the Fall of Napoleon For the Use of Schools and Colleges Turgot and Montesquieu are perhaps the only two eminent men in France during this part of the century, of whom the same defect might not be alleged. Critical Miscellanies (Vol. 2 of 3) Essay 3: Condorcet "The people is admirably fitted to choose those to whom it has to entrust some part of its authority"; so Montesquieu; we must now examine this saying a little more closely. The Cult of Incompetence The spirit of the reaction against the despotism of Louis XIV. is expressed in Montesquieu's pages; the spirit also of religious free-thought, and the reaction against ecclesiastical tyranny. A History of French Literature Short Histories of the Literatures of the World: II. In common with other men whose thoughts have made a great and wide-spread impression on mankind, the originality and value of Montesquieu's conceptions cannot be rightly appreciated by subsequent ages. Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine, Volume 58, Number 360, October 1845 But this greatest of papal gifts made no impression on the age which read Montesquieu and Voltaire. A Modern History, From the Time of Luther to the Fall of Napoleon For the Use of Schools and Colleges He went so far as actually to decline to print in the Mercure a letter in which the writer in some fit of spleen placed Montesquieu below D’Aguesseau. Critical Miscellanies (Vol. 2 of 3) Essay 3: Condorcet In this he is a far more faithful follower of Montesquieu than he will allow. The Cult of Incompetence On Montesquieu's return to La Br�de he occupied himself with that great work which resumes the observations and meditations of twenty years, the Esprit des Lois. A History of French Literature Short Histories of the Literatures of the World: II. Montesquieu first fixed his eyes upon the rise, progress, and decay of nations, as worked out by the actions of free agents. Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine, Volume 58, Number 360, October 1845 Montesquieu had used its history to illustrate the loss and recovery of privilege and rights; Rousseau had thought the little isle would one day fill all Europe with amazement. The Life of Napoleon Bonaparte Vol. I. (of IV.) I am aware of your grievances against Montesquieu; it is worthy of you to forget them.’ Critical Miscellanies (Vol. 2 of 3) Essay 3: Condorcet This disappearance of respect, noted as we have seen by Plato, Aristotle and Montesquieu as a morbid system, is, regard it how we will, a fact of the gravest import. The Cult of Incompetence Whatever may have been Buffon's errors as a thinker, he enlarged the bounds of literature by annexing the province of natural history as Montesquieu had annexed that of political science. A History of French Literature Short Histories of the Literatures of the World: II. But it was Montesquieu who first carried out the doctrine to its full extent, and traced its operation through an infinity of historical events and political institutions. Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine, Volume 58, Number 360, October 1845 When his ship, the "Montesquieu," arrived at the mouth of the Delaware on March Twenty-sixth, Eighteen Hundred Thirteen, she was headed off and captured by an English gunboat. Little Journeys to the Homes of the Great - Volume 11 Little Journeys to the Homes of Great Businessmen This was the remarkable development of the conception of history, which Montesquieu’s two memorable books first made conspicuous. Critical Miscellanies (Vol. 2 of 3) Essay 3: Condorcet Montesquieu remarks that "to cast off the conventions of civility is to seek a method for putting our faults at their ease." The Cult of Incompetence He has a sense of the balance of European power, and anticipates Montesquieu in his theory of the influence of climates on peoples. A History of French Literature Short Histories of the Literatures of the World: II. The expression, Esprit des Loix, selected as the title of Montesquieu's great work, was not happily chosen. Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine, Volume 58, Number 360, October 1845 He knew his market and sold the "Montesquieu's" cargo for just five hundred thousand dollars. Little Journeys to the Homes of the Great - Volume 11 Little Journeys to the Homes of Great Businessmen Before Montesquieu no single stone of the foundation of scientific history can be said to have been laid. Critical Miscellanies (Vol. 2 of 3) Essay 3: Condorcet Montesquieu praises highly the Athenians and the Romans for the following reason. The Cult of Incompetence A citizen is defined by Bodin as a free man under the supreme government of another; like Montesquieu, he devotes attention to the adaptation of government to the varieties of race and climate. A History of French Literature Short Histories of the Literatures of the World: II. Encouraged by its success, the enemies of original genius, ever ready to assail it, united their forces, and Montesquieu was soon the object of repeated and envenomed attacks. Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine, Volume 58, Number 360, October 1845 For this purpose, said Montesquieu, music, which influences the mind by means of the corporeal organs, was extremely proper. Primitive Psycho-Therapy and Quackery Like his oracle, the sage Montesquieu, he thought, 'Who assembles the people causes them to revolt.' Edmond Dantès Montesquieu realised this fully, though naturally he had no experience of how the theory worked under a representative and parliamentary system. The Cult of Incompetence From Montesquieu he had learnt the gains of separating the legislative, the executive, and the judicial functions. A History of French Literature Short Histories of the Literatures of the World: II. In truth, it is probable the world has not lost much by Montesquieu's numerous unpublished manuscripts having been left in an incomplete state. Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine, Volume 58, Number 360, October 1845 The Montesquieu did the same, but confident of her speed, did not spread all her canvas that would draw. Captain Canot or, Twenty Years of an African Slaver Bossuet might dispute this palm with him; but Bossuet, in his "Discourse on Universal History," only exemplified the principle which it was left to Montesquieu afterward more consciously to develop. Classic French Course in English For this reason Montesquieu always speaks of a monarchy as being limited, and, at the same time, maintained by its law. The Cult of Incompetence Here the great treatise might have closed, but Montesquieu adds what may be styled an historical appendix in his study of the origin and development of feudal laws. A History of French Literature Short Histories of the Literatures of the World: II. Regarding the comparative causes of corruption in a military and commercial state, Montesquieu makes the following observation. Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine, Volume 58, Number 360, October 1845 It was understood that, once clear of the harbor, the “Aguila” should have five minutes’ start of the Montesquieu, after which we were to crowd sail and begin the race. Captain Canot or, Twenty Years of an African Slaver Three books, still living, are associated with the name of Montesquieu,—"The Persian Letters," "The Greatness and the Decline of the Romans," and "The Spirit of Laws." Classic French Course in English "This is the sponge," says Montesquieu, "which wipes out all the difficulties that can be raised against the laws of Moses." The Cult of Incompetence The first of them is that associated with the great name of Montesquieu. Ancient Law Its Connection to the History of Early Society We may hence fairly consider the cardinal work of Montesquieu, and the cardinal historical work of Voltaire, as virtually belonging to the same time. Critical Miscellanies (Vol. 2 of 3) Turgot “When there comes any misfortune to a European,” says the imaginary oriental of Montesquieu’s Persian Letters, “his only resource is the reading of a philosopher called Seneca.” Diderot and the Encyclopædists Volume II. This production of Montesquieu became the suggestive example to Goldsmith for his "Citizen of the World; or, Letters of a Chinese Philosopher." Classic French Course in English Montesquieu was in favour of a system of purchase. The Cult of Incompetence Montesquieu seems, in fact, to have looked on the nature of man as entirely plastic, as passively reproducing the impressions, and submitting implicitly to the impulses,069 which it receives from without. Ancient Law Its Connection to the History of Early Society In a word, Montesquieu and Voltaire, if we have to search their most distinctive quality, introduced into history systematically, and with full and decisive effect, a broad generality of treatment. Critical Miscellanies (Vol. 2 of 3) Turgot Montesquieu’s own method might have taught her that not even absolute power can force the civil system of free labour into a society resting on serfdom. Diderot and the Encyclopædists Volume II. We shall have here no room for illustrative citations from Montesquieu's "Persian Letters." Classic French Course in English All that I have quoted is to be found literally in Montesquieu's chapters on democracy. The Cult of Incompetence And indeed there is one remarkable omission with which all these speculations are chargeable, except perhaps those of Montesquieu. Ancient Law Its Connection to the History of Early Society We have only to seek the difference between the philosophic conception of Montesquieu and the philosophic conception of Turgot. Critical Miscellanies (Vol. 2 of 3) Turgot Montesquieu had opened the various questions connected with slavery. Diderot and the Encyclopædists Volume II. The critical element is the element chiefly wanting to make Montesquieu's work equal to the demands of modern historical scholarship. Classic French Course in English How true is Montesquieu's saying that the respect paid them by the young helps old men to respect themselves! The Cult of Incompetence This right was claimed by rulers, admitted by subjects, and is sanctioned by the names of Lord Bacon and Montesquieu, and many others equally famed for their talents and learning. Fox's Book of Martyrs Or A History of the Lives, Sufferings, and Triumphant Deaths of the Primitive Protestant Martyrs For, as Montesquieu observes, there are some things which we believe at last, merely because we hear them continually repeated. Memoirs of the Private Life, Return, and Reign of Napoleon in 1815, Vol. I Montesquieu had died five years before her accession, but his influence remained. Diderot and the Encyclopædists Volume II. The "Spirit of Laws" is probably to be considered the masterpiece of Montesquieu. Classic French Course in English He read literature, history, travels, philosophy, politics and such authors as Lamennais, Montesquieu, Diderot, Rousseau, Voltaire, Adam Smith, Horace Say, Ricardo and the like. The Journal of Negro History, Volume 6, 1921 Rousseau and Montesquieu were among its most valiant champions. Christianity and Ethics A Handbook of Christian Ethics Rome," as it is said by Montesquieu, "extended her empire because her wars only followed in succession. Memoirs of the Private Life, Return, and Reign of Napoleon in 1815, Vol. I She habitually called the Spirit of Laws the breviary of kings, and when she drew up her Instruction for a new code, she acknowledged how much she had pillaged from Montesquieu. Diderot and the Encyclopædists Volume II. Horace Walpole, who was something of a Gallomaniac, makes repeated allusion to Montesquieu's "Spirit of Laws," in letters of his written at about the time of the appearance of the book. Classic French Course in English "This is," Montesquieu said later, "the nation in the world that has best known how to avail itself at the same time of those three great things: religion, trade, and liberty." A Literary History of the English People From the Origins to the Renaissance Montesquieu was the inventor of national workshops, and of the theory that the State owed every man a living. Harvard Classics Volume 28 Essays English and American He knows as well as Montesquieu that democracy in its pristine dignity can be erected only on a wide foundation of public virtue. Milton Montesquieu first stirred this interest in the unfamiliar forms of custom, institution, creed, motive, and daily manners. Diderot and the Encyclopædists Volume II. For the Christian religion, Montesquieu professes profound respect,—rather as a pagan political philosopher might do, than as one intimately acquainted with it by a personal experience of his own. Classic French Course in English Four hundred years before Montesquieu it already availed itself of these three great things; under Edward and Richard Plantagenets, England was what it has ever been since, a "merchant island." A Literary History of the English People From the Origins to the Renaissance "When God endowed human beings with brains," says Montesquieu, "he did not intend to guarantee them." Pushing to the Front Precisely how can a high school teacher make use of such a treatise as Montesquieu's The Spirit of the Laws? A Guide to Methods and Observation in History Studies in High School Observation It is interesting in this connection to note how Montesquieu, in his "Spirit of Laws," treats this color argument with ridicule. The Journal of Negro History, Volume 2, 1917 Montesquieu was an admirer of the English constitution. Classic French Course in English May the names of Locke, Newton, Montesquieu, Hartley and Franklin be had in everlasting remembrance. Priestley in America 1794-1804 Of one of his works Montesquieu said to a friend: "You will read it in a few hours, but I assure you it has cost me so much labor that it has whitened my hair." Pushing to the Front He was once asked how many great men he could really mention; he answered: “Five—Newton, Bacon, Leibnitz, Montesquieu, and myself.” Lamarck, the Founder of Evolution His Life and Work Montesquieu was twenty-five years writing his "Esprit de Louis," yet you can read it in sixty minutes. How to Succeed or, Stepping-Stones to Fame and Fortune Voltaire, too, expressed Montesquieu's admiration of English liberty and English law. Classic French Course in English Heaven, early notions of, xii, 92; a going home, ii, 22; Jefferson on, iii, 54; a locality, iii, 281; Milton on, i, 179; Montesquieu on, viii, 130. Little Journeys to the Homes of the Great - Volume 14 Little Journeys to the Homes of Great Musicians "I never listen to calumnies," said Montesquieu, "because if they are untrue I run the risk of being deceived, and if they are true, of hating people not worth thinking about." Pushing to the Front Living in the Eighteenth Century, they thought in the images of Newton and Montesquieu. A Preface to Politics They raised him from the ground respectfully; but as they did so Montesquieu, captain of Anjou's guards, rode up and, drawing a pistol, shot Conde in the back, killing him almost instantaneously. Saint Bartholomew's Eve A Tale of the Huguenot WarS They not only knew that common law, but they had studied closely the political history of Greece and Rome, and were familiar with the principles of government as set forth by Montesquieu and Adam Smith. Ethics in Service It included, as was natural enough in a warm admirer of Montesquieu, a fragment on law, of which he justly said that it ought to be the leading science in every well-ordered commonwealth. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 4, Part 4 "Bulgaria" to "Calgary" Montesquieu was twenty-five years writing his "Esprit des Lois," yet you can read it in sixty minutes. Pushing to the Front Montesquieu says: ‘The first motive which ought to impel us to study is the desire to augment the excellence of our nature, and to render an intelligent being yet more intelligent.’ The Art Of Writing & Speaking The English Language Word-Study and Composition & Rhetoric It would surely have been highly dangerous to confide the destinies of the species to Plato or Aristotle, Marcus Aurelius, Shakespeare, or Montesquieu. The Buried Temple An even greater influence than Montesquieu was Voltaire. The French Revolution A Short History The correspondence of Voltaire, Rousseau, Diderot, D'Alembert, is sufficient to show how immediately, as well as how powerfully, they were influenced by Montesquieu's memorable book. Critical Miscellanies (Vol. 3 of 3) Essay 8: France in the Eighteenth Century More foolish than the savages of whom Montesquieu speaks, who cut down trees to reach their fruit, these judges of Bruno destroyed the tree whose seeds were already strewn broadcast over the world. The Continental Monthly, Vol. 1, No. 1, January 1862 Devoted to Literature and National Policy The influence of Montesquieu is found in the following early economic interpretation in the Philosophic Dictionary: There are some nations whose religion is the result of neither climate nor government. The Age of the Reformation But it is not certain that he has always acquitted himself well, even if compared to his contemporaries and predecessors, Montesquieu, Mably, and Voltaire. Gibbon A new Rabelais with an 18th century lisp, Montesquieu, by seasoning his Lettres Persanes with a sauce piquante compounded of indecency and style, succeeded in making the public swallow some incendiary morsels. The French Revolution A Short History Again, it is surely going too far to say that Montesquieu's Persian Letters contained every important idea of the century. Critical Miscellanies (Vol. 3 of 3) Essay 8: France in the Eighteenth Century Mr. Livingston will live historically with such men as Bacon, Montesquieu, Beccaria, and Bentham. The Continental Monthly, Vol. 5, No. 3, March, 1864 Devoted to Literature and National Policy You do not know the progress achieved by the ideas of Montesquieu, Raynal and Rousseau. The Well of Saint Clare He was the author of a commonplace treatise against Machiavelli, partly founded on Montesquieu's Grandeur et Decadence. Lectures on Modern history It was Montesquieu's fundamental contention that "men entrusted with power tend to abuse it". The Constitution of the United States of America: Analysis and Interpretation Annotations of Cases Decided by the Supreme Court of the United States to June 30, 1952 There was Montesquieu with a sort of historic method. Critical Miscellanies (Vol. 3 of 3) Essay 8: France in the Eighteenth Century It is true they have not the fine touch and exquisite polish of the witty Greek of Samosata, nor the subtle irony of Voltaire and Montesquieu, nor the profound grasp of the Dean. Studies in Early Victorian Literature Which did the most to produce the French revolution, the tyranny of the government, the excesses of the higher orders, or the writings of Voltaire, Montesquieu, and Rousseau? Carnegie Library of Pittsburgh Debate Index Second Edition The competent expert more than ever was supreme, but he was influenced by great writers—Locke, Montesquieu, Turgot, Beccaria, Adam Smith. Lectures on Modern history Hamilton was here simply interpreting the executive power clause in light of the views of Blackstone, Locke, and Montesquieu as to the location of power in the conduct of foreign relations. The Constitution of the United States of America: Analysis and Interpretation Annotations of Cases Decided by the Supreme Court of the United States to June 30, 1952 Montesquieu supposes that there are more females born in the East than in the West. The Works of the Right Honourable Edmund Burke, Vol. 12 (of 12) Pastoret, who spoke after Vergniaud, quoted the saying of Montesquieu, "There is a time when it is necessary to cast a veil over the statue of Liberty, as we conceal the statues of the Gods." History of the Girondists, Volume I Personal Memoirs of the Patriots of the French Revolution He lived, indeed, to hear that Montesquieu was no more. The Wits and Beaux of Society Volume 1 "Wonderful!" cries Montesquieu, "that the Christian religion, which seems to have no other object than the felicity of another life, should also constitute the happiness of this!" The Golden Censer The duties of to-day, the hopes of the future There are, says Montesquieu, means to prevent crime, they are sufferings; to change the manners, these are good examples. Superstition In All Ages (1732) Common Sense Montesquieu's Spirit of Laws, a compendium of Mythology, the Vedam, the Koran, and the Old and New Testaments—all in French. The History of Napoleon Buonaparte Jean Jacques Rousseau, Voltaire, Montesquieu, and the English philosophers, fell into her hands; but her real food was Plutarch. History of the Girondists, Volume I Personal Memoirs of the Patriots of the French Revolution I am not,' he added, 'so philosophic as my friend the President de Montesquieu, who says, "I know how to be blind, but I do not yet know how to be deaf." The Wits and Beaux of Society Volume 1 Others as Vico, Montesquieu, Millar, Condorcet, Auguste Comte, De Tocqueville, have not independently studied the mind on the broad psychological basis. Practical Essays Madame Guizot was an intimate friend of the Abbe Montesquieu, who was the principal secret agent of Louis XVIII. Paris: With Pen and Pencil Its People and Literature, Its Life and Business The next work Tracy wrote was the Commentary on Montesquieu, never published in the original, because not safe; but translated and published in Philadelphia, yet without the author's name. Memoir, Correspondence, And Miscellanies, From The Papers Of Thomas Jefferson, Volume 4 It was in the birthplace of Montaigne and Montesquieu that the republic was to take its origin. History of the Girondists, Volume I Personal Memoirs of the Patriots of the French Revolution I suspect that the doctrine, that small States alone are fitted to be republics, will be exploded by experience, with some other brilliant fallacies accredited by Montesquieu and other political writers. Memoir, Correspondence, And Miscellanies, From The Papers Of Thomas Jefferson, Volume 3 Montesquieu said: "When God created the brains of human beings, he did not intend to guarantee them." Biographies of Distinguished Scientific Men Montesquieu infers that the law which permits polygamy is physically conformable to the climate of Asia. The History of Sumatra Containing An Account Of The Government, Laws, Customs And Manners Of The Native Inhabitants Tracy's Commentaries on Montesquieu have never been published in the original. Memoir, Correspondence, And Miscellanies, From The Papers Of Thomas Jefferson, Volume 4 Philosophy had germed there ere it arose in Paris, for Bordeaux was the birthplace of Montaigne and Montesquieu, those two great republicans of the French school. History of the Girondists, Volume I Personal Memoirs of the Patriots of the French Revolution Montesquieu quitted the brilliant circles of Paris for his books, his meditations, and for his immortal work, and was ridiculed by the gay triflers he relinquished. Curiosities of Literature, Vol. 2 I like this doctrine of Montesquieu’s extremely, because it gives every woman her chance, and because it ranks me above a thousand handsomer women, in the dear power of inspiring passion. The History of Emily Montague Montesquieu estimates that modern nations are capable of supporting, without endangering their power, a permanent military force of about one-hundredth part of their population. Elements of Military Art and Science Or, Course Of Instruction In Strategy, Fortification, Tactics Of Battles, &C.; Embracing The Duties Of Staff, Infantry, Cavalry, Artillery, And Engineers; Adapted To The Use Of Volunteers And Militia; Third Edition; With Critical Notes On The Mexican And Crimean Wars. Montesquieu's celebrity would be but a small portion of that which would immortalize the author. Memoir, Correspondence, And Miscellanies, From The Papers Of Thomas Jefferson, Volume 4 Voltaire, Diderot, Montesquieu, waited in her ante-chambers, and implored her patronage. The Empire of Austria; Its Rise and Present Power Vulgar infatuation may exclaim, if it likes:--"It is Montesquieu! magnificent! sublime!" Essays on Political Economy He said of the great geniuses of modern ages, that "there were not more than five; Newton, Bacon, Leibnitz, Montesquieu, and Myself." Literary Character of Men of Genius Drawn from Their Own Feelings and Confessions This measure was warmly opposed by Marshal Montesquieu, and the question was discussed by him and Marshal Vauban with an ability and learning worthy of these great men. Elements of Military Art and Science Or, Course Of Instruction In Strategy, Fortification, Tactics Of Battles, &C.; Embracing The Duties Of Staff, Infantry, Cavalry, Artillery, And Engineers; Adapted To The Use Of Volunteers And Militia; Third Edition; With Critical Notes On The Mexican And Crimean Wars. See http://tqd.advanced.org/3376/Monty2.htm Sir Isaiah Berlin: �Montesquieu advocated constitutionalism, the preservation of civil liberties, the abolition of slavery, gradualism, moderation, peace, internationalism, social and economic justice with due respect to national and local tradition. Definition & Reality in the General Theory of Political Economy "In approaching southern countries," says Montesquieu, "one would believe that morality was being left behind; more ardent passions multiply crimes; each tries to gain from others all the advantages which can minister to these passions." Crime and Its Causes Niccolò Machiavelli, unlike Montesquieu, agreed with Martin Luther that man was bad. Machiavelli, Volume I Usbek, the Persian of Montesquieu, is one of the profoundest philosophers, his letters are, however, but concise pages. Literary Character of Men of Genius Drawn from Their Own Feelings and Confessions They had Montesquieu's Grandeur et Décadence des Romains as a manual; and they compared, with mortification, the systematic proceedings of a Roman Senate with the fluctuations of a monarchy. The Works of the Right Honourable Edmund Burke, Vol. 05 (of 12) The reputation acquired by Montesquieu through this work and several others of lesser importance led to his election to the French Academy in 1728. Definition & Reality in the General Theory of Political Economy Place, for instance, before your eyes such a man as Montesquieu. The Works of the Right Honourable Edmund Burke, Vol. 04 (of 12) It is for this reason that Montesquieu observed, very justly, that, in their classification of the citizens, the great legislators of antiquity made the greatest display of their powers, and even soared above themselves. The Works of the Right Honourable Edmund Burke, Vol. 03 (of 12) Of Tacitus it has been finely remarked by Montesquieu, that "he abridged everything because he saw everything." Literary Character of Men of Genius Drawn from Their Own Feelings and Confessions The anecdote is told by the greatest political thinker whom France has produced since the days of Montesquieu. A Leap in the Dark A Criticism of the Principles of Home Rule as Illustrated by the Bill of 1893 Montesquieu also held that governmental powers should be separated and balanced to guarantee individual rights and freedom.� Definition & Reality in the General Theory of Political Economy The editor has failed to find any such phrase in the works of Montesquieu. Rambles and Recollections of an Indian Official M. de Montesquieu was struck with this account, and on his departure made them a handsome present. The Book of Three Hundred Anecdotes Historical, Literary, and Humorous—A New Selection It was this solitary majesty, this futurity of their genius, which hovered over the sleepless pillow of Bacon, of Newton, and of Montesquieu; of Ben Jonson, of Milton, and Corneille; and of Michael Angelo. Literary Character of Men of Genius Drawn from Their Own Feelings and Confessions Montesquieu found that people laughed when religion was mentioned in London drawing-rooms. A History of English Prose Fiction I have concentrated on Western unemployment and poverty, referring to lack of freedom from the perspective of Montesquieu, and referring to Roosevelt�s Four Freedoms. Definition & Reality in the General Theory of Political Economy Socrates and Plato, Cicero and Plutarch, Montesquieu and Franklin, Kant and Emerson, Tennyson and Browning,—how do they all bear witness to the incompleteness of life and reach out to a completion beyond the grave. What Peace Means Voltaire, Montesquieu, Rousseau, D'Alembert, and Diderot had founded a new school of universal inquiry, and from their bold investigations and startling theories sprang the society of the illuminati, and the race of thinkers. English Literature, Considered as an Interpreter of English History Designed as a Manual of Instruction Yet Montesquieu and Winkelmann might have observed that the air of fens and marshes had not deprived the gross feeders of Holland and Flanders of admirable artists. Literary Character of Men of Genius Drawn from Their Own Feelings and Confessions Another dancer, Mademoiselle Sallé, whose charms and graces Voltaire had celebrated in verse, appeared in London with letters of introduction from Fontenelle to Montesquieu, then ambassador at the court of St. James's. A Book of the Play Studies and Illustrations of Histrionic Story, Life, and Character If one does not like this role of scientists, then throw out Montesquieu too. Definition & Reality in the General Theory of Political Economy Montesquieu does not give the Spirit of Sneezing, nor tell how the ancients sneezed. David Lockwin—The People's Idol His Chinese letters—for the idea of which he was indebted to the Lettres Persanes of Montesquieu—describe England in his day with the same vraisemblance which we have noticed in The Spectator. English Literature, Considered as an Interpreter of English History Designed as a Manual of Instruction To the "Turkish Spy" was Montesquieu beholden for his "Persian Letters," and a numerous crowd are indebted to Montesquieu. Literary Character of Men of Genius Drawn from Their Own Feelings and Confessions The bishop of Auxerre, who belonged to this party, followed his brother prelate of Paris in a more direct attack, in which he included not only the Encyclopædia, but Montesquieu and Buffon. Diderot and the Encyclopædists (Vol 1 of 2) This brings us to the economic amendment to Montesquieu�s heritage. Definition & Reality in the General Theory of Political Economy Montesquieu reckons such party-divisions among the causes that wrought the downfall of the empire. A Dialogue Concerning Oratory, Or The Causes Of Corrupt Eloquence The Works Of Cornelius Tacitus, Volume 8 (of 8); With An Essay On His Life And Genius, Notes, Supplements It was a Frenchman, Montesquieu, who pointed out to them how faithfully they had copied Newton's description of the mechanism of the heavens. The New Freedom A Call For the Emancipation of the Generous Energies of a People What was more significant was the realization of Montesquieu's import simultaneously with the effort of George III to revive crown influence. Political Thought in England from Locke to Bentham He might have added that one of the most powerful of his contemporaries, Montesquieu himself, remained a rigid Cartesian to the end of his days. Diderot and the Encyclopædists (Vol 1 of 2) But while Montesquieu�s work provided an important stimulus, the Historians in general, and Smith in particular, went well beyond the teaching of the master. Definition & Reality in the General Theory of Political Economy He is now at the end of his labours, and ready, after the example of Montesquieu, to cry out with the voyager in Virgil, Italiam! A Dialogue Concerning Oratory, Or The Causes Of Corrupt Eloquence The Works Of Cornelius Tacitus, Volume 8 (of 8); With An Essay On His Life And Genius, Notes, Supplements The makers of our Federal Constitution read Montesquieu with true scientific enthusiasm. The New Freedom A Call For the Emancipation of the Generous Energies of a People It is a commonplace now that Montesquieu is to be regarded as the founder of the historical method. Political Thought in England from Locke to Bentham So far as the mechanism of government is concerned, Diderot writes much as Montesquieu had done. Diderot and the Encyclopædists (Vol 1 of 2) There appears to be a clear link between Montesquieu and Adam Smith. Definition & Reality in the General Theory of Political Economy Montesquieu was showing to a despot-ridden age the principles of political freedom. Montcalm and Wolfe Montesquieu, in his "Esprit des Lois" had laid down that the great merit of the English Constitution was the separation of these functions, and the Americans accepted this view. Proportional Representation Applied To Party Government But no one could feel without being stirred the illumination of Montesquieu; and Rousseau's questions, even if they proved unanswerable, were stuff for thought. Political Thought in England from Locke to Bentham Montesquieu used to declare that he had never known a chagrin which half an hour of a book was not able to dispel. Diderot and the Encyclopædists (Vol 1 of 2) The fundamental structure for current policy making in a democracy is Montesquieu�s model of the separation of powers, i.e. the Legislative, Executive and Judicial branches that form the �Trias Politica�. Definition & Reality in the General Theory of Political Economy "Wit and Beauty, Marshal!" replied Montesquieu; "you see before you the portraits of a man and a woman who will be the representatives of our century." International Miscellany of Literature, Art and Science, Vol. 1, No. 3, Oct. 1, 1850 Montesquieu says, that a man is not poor because he has nothing, but he is poor when he will not or cannot work. Thrift His book is too evidently modelled upon Montesquieu, whom he mentions with reverence, to make us doubt its derivation. Political Thought in England from Locke to Bentham Few questions are debated here, which Montesquieu had not raised, and none are debated without reference to Montesquieu's line of argument. Diderot and the Encyclopædists (Vol 1 of 2) In the words of one of their number: �The great Montesquieu pointed out the road. Definition & Reality in the General Theory of Political Economy There was nothing left to be done at Versailles, simply because in Paris the power was already in the hands of Voltaire, Montesquieu, Rousseau, and Diderot. International Miscellany of Literature, Art and Science, Vol. 1, No. 3, Oct. 1, 1850 Such a writer as Montesquieu he holds in manifest antipathy. Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine — Volume 54, No. 333, July 1843 Hume was the friend of Montesquieu, though twenty years his junior; and the Esprit des Lois travelled rapidly to Scotland. Political Thought in England from Locke to Bentham Montesquieu had argued strongly in favour of a Régie, the second of these methods. Diderot and the Encyclopædists (Vol 1 of 2) It is useful to recall Montesquieu�s definition of political liberty: �We must have continually present to our minds the difference between independence and liberty. Definition & Reality in the General Theory of Political Economy And has not this prediction of Montesquieu's been in some sort fulfilled?—Historians have styled the seventeenth century the century of Louis XIV. International Miscellany of Literature, Art and Science, Vol. 1, No. 3, Oct. 1, 1850 Besides, as Gibbon pointed out, ‘a Montesquieu will detect in the most insignificant fact relations which the vulgar overlook.’ Miscellanies His use of Montesquieu shows rather how dangerous a weapon a great idea can be in the hands of one incompetent to understand it, than the fertility it contained. Political Thought in England from Locke to Bentham They had Montesquieu's Grandeur et Décadence des Romains as a manual; and they compared, with mortification, the systematic proceedings of a Roman senate with the fluctuations of a monarchy. Political Pamphlets Montesquieu was widely regarded as the �greatest genius of the present age� and his Esprit des Lois came to be enjoy a considerable vogue in the circle of Smith�s friends. Definition & Reality in the General Theory of Political Economy He made these ships the visible expressions of his thoughts on religion and philosophy by naming them, after his favorite authors, the Montesquieu, the Helvetius, the Voltaire, and the Rousseau. Brave Men and Women Their Struggles, Failures, And Triumphs Active, earnest men everywhere were grasping the theories and phrases of Voltaire and Rousseau and Montesquieu, to wield them against every tyranny. The Atlantic Monthly, Volume 09, No. 51, January, 1862 The attitude was not unnatural in one who, with his head full of Montesquieu, was a witness of the struggle between Junius and the King. Political Thought in England from Locke to Bentham He is reported to have said, "I know but five great geniuses--Newton, Bacon, Leibnitz, Montesquieu, and myself." Library of the World's Best Literature, Ancient and Modern — Volume 6 Montesquieu said that true divorce must be the result of mutual consent and based on the impossibility of living together. Studies in the Psychology of Sex, Volume 6 Sex in Relation to Society Agreeing with Montesquieu, that the greatest enterprises fail from the magnitude of the arrangements necessary to consummate them, I am disposed to answer in the affirmative. The Art of War They drew from study the knowledge they were to put to the proof some years later, thus putting into practice that fine saying of Montesquieu, 'Adversity is our mother, Prosperity our step-mother.'... The Influence of Sea Power Upon History, 1660-1783 It is, when the last criticism has been made, an immense step forward from the uncouth antiquarianism of Coke's Second Institute to the neatly reticulated structure erected upon the foundations of Montesquieu's hint. Political Thought in England from Locke to Bentham But this is neither more nor less than the method of Montesquieu, whose classic "Esprit des Lois" anticipates and initiates so much of that of later writers—Ritter, Buckle, Taine, or Le Play. Civics: as Applied Sociology Montaigne's language is not Rabelais's, Pascal's is not Montaigne's, Montesquieu's is not Pascal's. Prefaces and Prologues to Famous Books with Introductions, Notes and Illustrations The finest specimens of such enquiries which we possess are the works of Adam Smith and Montesquieu. Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine — Volume 53, No. 328, February, 1843 |
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