单词 | Metazoa |
例句 | “Metazoa” brings an extraordinary and astute look at our own mind’s essential link to the animal world. Where Does Our Consciousness Overlap With an Octopus’s? 2020-11-12T05:00:00Z Our integrative analyses place Ctenophora as the earliest lineage within Metazoa. The ctenophore genome and the evolutionary origins of neural systems : Nature : Nature Publishing Group 2014-05-20T04:00:00Z In the higher Metazoa the whole cell—muscle cell—is specialized for contractility, and shows, as a result of its specialization, a distinct fibrillation. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 7, Slice 8 "Cube" to "Daguerre, Louis" 2012-01-31T03:00:17.257Z The phylum Porifera or Spongi� includes the simplest of the Metazoa or multicellular animals. Freshwater Sponges, Hydroids & Polyzoa 2011-06-25T02:00:17.833Z The layers are sometimes spoken of as the primary organs, and their importance lies in the fact that they are supposed to be generally homologous throughout the series of the Metazoa. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 9, Slice 3 "Electrostatics" to "Engis" 2011-02-06T03:00:53.093Z The parasites found in the bowel belong principally to two natural groups, Protozoa and Metazoa. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 8, Slice 4 "Diameter" to "Dinarchus" The Coelentera may thus be briefly defined as Metazoa which exhibit two embryonic cell-layers only,—the ectoderm and endoderm,—their body-cavities being referable to a single cavity or coelenteron in the endoderm. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 6, Slice 6 "Cockaigne" to "Columbus, Christopher" We have further to note that in the embryos of Metazoa at all advanced in organization, there arises between these two layers a third—the mesoblast. Essays: Scientific, Political, & Speculative, Vol. I The whole of the animal kingdom is divided into two great groups, which are called the Protozoa and the Metazoa. Darwin, and After Darwin (Vol. 1 and 3, of 3) An Exposition of the Darwinian Theory and a Discussion of Post-Darwinian Questions So far as these two layers are concerned, and excluding the mesoderm, it would appear that the layer-theory does apply in a very remarkable manner to the whole of the Metazoa. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 9, Slice 3 "Electrostatics" to "Engis" 2011-02-06T03:00:53.093Z From the fact that all Metazoa develop from an ovum which is a simple cell, the evolutionists inferred that all must have arisen from one primordial cell. Form and Function A Contribution to the History of Animal Morphology At the same time it is necessary to observe that it is by no means certain that the mesoderm found in various groups of Metazoa is a similar or homologous formation in all cases. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 6, Slice 6 "Cockaigne" to "Columbus, Christopher" It is that this universal trait of the Metazoa and Metaphyta, must be ascribed to the primitive action and re-action between the organism and its medium. Essays: Scientific, Political, & Speculative, Vol. I These cases serve to bridge this distinction between Protozoa and Metazoa, of which therefore we may now take leave. Darwin, and After Darwin (Vol. 1 and 3, of 3) An Exposition of the Darwinian Theory and a Discussion of Post-Darwinian Questions The first establishment of a new kind of individual by the sexual process is effected in a very similar manner in all Metazoa. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 9, Slice 3 "Electrostatics" to "Engis" 2011-02-06T03:00:53.093Z The gastrula stage was the palingenetic repetition of the ancestral form of all Metazoa, the Gastræa. Form and Function A Contribution to the History of Animal Morphology We now reach the realm of the true many-celled animals, or Metazoa, where the biological units are combined to form an organic association displaying many more resemblances to a human society. The Doctrine of Evolution Its Basis and Its Scope Now we have to note that in those aggregates of cells constituting the Metaphyta and Metazoa, analogous distributions also exist. Essays: Scientific, Political, & Speculative, Vol. I And its marvellous development in the Metazoa appears ultimately to depend upon the highly specialized character of germ-cells. Darwin, and After Darwin (Vol. 1 and 3, of 3) An Exposition of the Darwinian Theory and a Discussion of Post-Darwinian Questions A corresponding germinal condition, the two-layered gastrula, occurs transitorily in the embryological history of all the other Metazoa, from the lowest Cnidaria and Vermes up to man. Monism as Connecting Religion and Science A Man of Science The great contrast between the Protozoa, or animals with neither gut nor germ-layers, and the Metazoa, 291which possess both structures, is for the first time clearly brought out. Form and Function A Contribution to the History of Animal Morphology The Gastraea bilateralis, of which we may conceive the bilateral gastrula of the amphioxus to be a palingenetic reproduction, represented the two-sided organism of the earliest Metazoa in its simplest form. The Evolution of Man — Volume 2 In so far as concerns the present argument, it is the same with the Metazoa, or at least all of them which have developed organizations. Essays: Scientific, Political, & Speculative, Vol. I Here, therefore, I will mention only one of them—and this because it furnishes what appears to be another important distinction between the Protozoa and the Metazoa. Darwin, and After Darwin (Vol. 1 and 3, of 3) An Exposition of the Darwinian Theory and a Discussion of Post-Darwinian Questions In the lowest Metazoa, the invertebrate sponges and polyps, there are, just as in plants, no special soul-organs developed, and all the cells of the body participate more or less in the "soul-life." Monism as Connecting Religion and Science A Man of Science The main assumption was that the neural or blastoporal surface must be homologous throughout the Metazoa, though it was dorsal in the Chordata, ventral in the Annelida and Arthropoda. Form and Function A Contribution to the History of Animal Morphology Its bilateral and tri-axial type indicates that the Gastraeads—the common ancestors of all the Metazoa—divided at an early stage into two divergent groups. The Evolution of Man — Volume 2 These are presented to us when we study the early stages in the development of the embryos of the Metazoa in general. Essays: Scientific, Political, & Speculative, Vol. I And if it be objected that encystation and spore-formation in the Protozoa are not always preceded by conjugation, the answer would be that neither is oviparous propagation in the Metazoa invariably preceded by fertilization. Darwin, and After Darwin (Vol. 1 and 3, of 3) An Exposition of the Darwinian Theory and a Discussion of Post-Darwinian Questions Metazoa: the higher or later animals, made up of many cells. The Evolution of Man — Volume 1 Here, then, we leave the lower forms of Metazoa in their condition of permanent gastrulæ. Darwin, and After Darwin (Vol. 1 and 3, of 3) An Exposition of the Darwinian Theory and a Discussion of Post-Darwinian Questions But in the second division of the animal kingdom also, the Metazoa, there is at first no nervous system. The Evolution of Man — Volume 2 It is desirable only further to explain that gastrulation does not take place in all the Metazoa after exactly the same plan. Darwin, and After Darwin (Vol. 1 and 3, of 3) An Exposition of the Darwinian Theory and a Discussion of Post-Darwinian Questions As in the case of sexual propagation, so in that of karyokinesis, processes which are common to all the Metazoa are not wholly without their foreshadowings in the Protozoa. Darwin, and After Darwin (Vol. 1 and 3, of 3) An Exposition of the Darwinian Theory and a Discussion of Post-Darwinian Questions I have just said that this three or four layered stage is shared by all the Metazoa, except those very lowest forms—such as sponges and jelly-fish—which do not pass on to it. Darwin, and After Darwin (Vol. 1 and 3, of 3) An Exposition of the Darwinian Theory and a Discussion of Post-Darwinian Questions In accordance with the biogenetic law, we find solid proof of this in the fact that the two-layered embryos of all the Metazoa can be reduced to a primitive common type, the gastrula. The Evolution of Man — Volume 2 The fact that there are still in existence various kinds of gastraeads, or lower Metazoa with an organisation little higher than that of the hypothetical gastraea, is a strong point in favour of our theory. The Evolution of Man — Volume 2 When we come to the higher Metazoa, in which the sensory functions and their organs are more advanced, we find a division of labour among the ectodermic cells. The Evolution of Man — Volume 2 For it is surely in itself a most suggestive fact that all the Metazoa begin their life in the same way, or under the same form and conditions. Darwin, and After Darwin (Vol. 1 and 3, of 3) An Exposition of the Darwinian Theory and a Discussion of Post-Darwinian Questions As the human embryo passes through the gastrula-form like that of all the other Metazoa, we can trace its phylogenetic origin to the Gastraea. The Evolution of Man — Volume 2 |
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