| 单词 | manorial |
| 例句 | Alice's acquisition of jewels and seven manorial properties is represented not as greed but as a necessary quest for security. 'The King's Mistress': re-imagining the life of the consort of a medieval king 2010-07-01T20:39:00Z “Obviously, I don’t remember anything firsthand,” Ms. Ross said, sitting beneath a pergola overlooking a garden and pickleball court at her manorial house, designed by Wallace Neff. Sex, Drugs and Roller Skates 2021-10-06T04:00:00Z The breakdown of this “manorial” system left many of those women dependent on charity. How Social Turmoil Has Increased Witch Hunts throughout History 2023-05-31T04:00:00Z The Livingstons and the other manorial families who controlled the Hudson River Valley formed a formidable political and economic force. U.S. History 2014-12-30T00:00:00Z Other manorial families, including the van Rensselaers, established themselves as enduring rural aristocrats in the Hudson Valley. Building the American Republic, Volume 2 2018-01-18T00:00:00Z Because of the vast decrease in population caused by the plague, the prices of food crops fell, and so the lords made less money from their manorial lands. Magruder's American Government 2016-01-01T00:00:00Z The English Statute of Laborers condemned peasants who fled their manorial contracts to have an ‘F’ branded on their foreheads, for ‘Falsity.’ Opinion | In Medieval Europe, a Pandemic Changed Work Forever. Can It Happen Again? 2022-02-16T05:00:00Z Patroon: Noun, a person who held an estate in land with certain manorial privileges granted under the old Dutch governments of New York and New Jersey. Where Does the N.F.L. Go After a Season of Division? 2018-02-01T05:00:00Z The mouldboard plough helped usher in the manorial system in Northern Europe. How the plough changed everything 2017-11-26T05:00:00Z In rural areas, James continued the Dutch practice of issuing large manorial grants to be tilled by tenants, which made landlord-tenant conflicts a recurrent feature of eighteenth- and nineteenth-century politics. Building the American Republic, Volume 2 2018-01-18T00:00:00Z Some manorial rights were "impossible to exercise and of no practical significance", the MPs said. MPs call for 'manorial rights' review 2015-01-22T05:00:00Z The manorial title, the Lordship of the Manor of Wales, failed to reach its reserve price at auction in Cardiff. Lord of Wales title fails to sell 2014-08-01T04:00:00Z "Furious residents" have launched a "peasants revolt" on Facebook, but they have been told the marquess wants to safeguard his ancestral or "manorial rights" that are due to expire. Papers react to Marine murder verdict 2013-11-09T05:32:41Z Yet a legal quirk creates a market in Scottish baronies, “lairdships” or “manorial lordships”. Noble titles: Honours and offers 2013-09-26T15:05:59Z New York’s manorial landlords tried to boost their incomes with higher rents and shorter leases, but their tenants fought back with rent strikes and riots. Building the American Republic, Volume 2 2018-01-18T00:00:00Z Taylor's brochure even offered the opportunity of having him on their letterhead as "Lord Stubbington", a UK manorial title he purchased. The 'Sark Lark' Britons scattered around the world 2012-11-25T20:00:10Z Of these the most important were the perquisites of the manorial courts. Medieval English Nunneries c. 1275 to 1535 2012-04-27T02:00:38.817Z Ballykilbeg is the manorial seat of one of the most ancient and honourable Irish families, long settled in County Down. Punch, or the London Charivari, December 2, 1893 2012-04-23T02:00:33.287Z The design, however, is the same, only the Anglo-Norman filled in his detail from his observation of a manorial court, the Moorfield engraver from his knowledge of Bow Street police-court. The Grotesque in Church Art 2012-03-27T02:00:18.973Z A strange manorial custom was kept up at Hilton in the days of Charles II. England in the Days of Old 2012-02-18T03:00:17.863Z Once more we are shown the practical importance of the manorial system in fashioning the state of the peasantry. Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z From these claims, partly manorial and partly ecclesiastical, religious houses benefited very greatly, and their accounts sometimes mention mortuary payments. Medieval English Nunneries c. 1275 to 1535 2012-04-27T02:00:38.817Z The blowing of the horn has formed, and still forms, the prelude of many quaint customs for maintaining certain manorial and other rights. Old Church Lore 2012-01-31T03:00:14.880Z Gatton has, within the historic period, never been more than a manorial park, but an unexplained something, like the echo of a vanished greatness, has caused strangely unmerited honours to be granted it. The Brighton Road The Classic Highway to the South 2012-01-24T03:00:26.933Z The local jurisdiction of the thegns who had grants of sac and soc, or who exercised judicial functions amongst their free neighbours, were identical with the manorial jurisdictions of the new owners. Legal Lore Curiosities of Law and Lawyers 2012-01-17T03:00:20.443Z I may be allowed to start a conjecture which will find some support in a later chapter, when we come to speak about the treatment of freedom and serfdom in manorial documents. Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z The home farm was an essential feature of manorial economy and particularly so when the lord of the manor was a community. Medieval English Nunneries c. 1275 to 1535 2012-04-27T02:00:38.817Z The manorial system was introduced throughout the “Vale,” the manor in many cases becoming the parish, and the owner building for its protection first a castle and then a church. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 12, Slice 1 "Gichtel, Johann" to "Glory" 2012-01-11T03:00:20.463Z In the middle ages every town, abbey, and nearly all the more important manorial lords had the right of hanging. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 12, Slice 8 "Haller, Albrecht" to "Harmonium" 2012-01-02T03:00:22.443Z The flour-mill was the exclusive property of the manorial lord, whether lay or ecclesiastical; and whatever the distance, or however bad the road, the tenant could grind nowhere but at the lord's mill. Knowledge is Power: A View of the Productive Forces of Modern Society and the Results of Labor, Capital and Skill. 2011-12-24T03:08:00.833Z The certainty of condition made the tenure of the villain socmen so like a freehold that it was often treated as such in the manorial documents. Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z We lived there in manorial style, entertaining so lavishly and freely that the Villa became a free guest-house for all Newport. My Life in Many States and in Foreign Lands Dictated in My Seventy-Fourth Year 2011-12-12T03:00:33.863Z In the three remaining districts of the county there were fifteen large and thirty small schools among the clericals and manorial servants. Fables for Children, Stories for Children, Natural Science Stories, Popular Education, Decembrists, Moral Tales 2011-11-17T03:00:35.327Z It is a well-known fact that the manorial customs in one village may be exactly contrary to those obtaining in an adjoining one. Bygone Cumberland and Westmorland 2011-11-01T02:00:23.027Z At the end of the same century the court for the view of frankpledge was generally known as the court leet, and was usually a manorial court in private hands. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 11, Slice 1 "Franciscans" to "French Language" 2011-10-22T02:00:29.487Z This is good proof that the condition of the tenants was by no means dependent on the arbitrary action of the manorial officers. Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z Such were the laws which suppressed all the remaining bodies corporate, even the academies, and which extinguished all manorial rights without any indemnity to the owners. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 11, Slice 2 "French Literature" to "Frost, William" 2011-10-14T02:00:26.280Z The master heard about all these things, and to save himself from sin substituted tenant pay for the manorial labour. Fables for Children, Stories for Children, Natural Science Stories, Popular Education, Decembrists, Moral Tales 2011-11-17T03:00:35.327Z Several manorial lords claimed for their tenants the right to go toll-free throughout England. Bygone Cumberland and Westmorland 2011-11-01T02:00:23.027Z In many districts, especially in Mecklenburg and some of the Prussian provinces, the old feudal jurisdiction of the manorial courts survived. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 11, Slice 8 "Germany" to "Gibson, William" 2011-10-05T02:00:17.763Z Quite in keeping with them, manorial lords could remove peasants from their holdings at their will and pleasure. Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z Crackenthorpe Hall, a manorial residence in this parish, was from the earliest period of authenticated record, the mansion of the Machels, a Saxon family, who eventually alienated it to the late Earl of Lonsdale. Curiosities of Great Britain: England and Wales Delineated Vol.1-11 Historical, Entertaining & Commercial; Alphabetically Arranged. 11 Volume set. 2011-09-26T02:00:29.140Z There happened to be such a clerk in a manorial estate. Fables for Children, Stories for Children, Natural Science Stories, Popular Education, Decembrists, Moral Tales 2011-11-17T03:00:35.327Z “Improvements” in this case means permission to take up open lands belonging to the manorial lord. Bygone Cumberland and Westmorland 2011-11-01T02:00:23.027Z Like some hospitable manorial lord, it comes straight down the highway for a league to greet the stranger and to offer him the freedom of its estate. Fly Fishing in Wonderland 2011-09-01T02:00:22.230Z The manorial School—if I may be allowed to use this expression—has brought forward the influence of great landed estates against the democratical conception of the village community. Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z The manorial system of old Japan was entirely swept away. An Introduction to the History of Japan 2011-08-25T02:00:29.177Z The old women went into the house, which was full of people,—women, children, both old and young,—all of them manorial servants, and prayed turning to the front corner. Fables for Children, Stories for Children, Natural Science Stories, Popular Education, Decembrists, Moral Tales 2011-11-17T03:00:35.327Z A reminder of the days when the manorial lord was a king in a small way is supplied by the Steading Stone. Bygone Cumberland and Westmorland 2011-11-01T02:00:23.027Z The lavish use of eggs, pork, and chickens in this recipe could be paralleled in many others, and is evidently to be connected with the custom of receiving manorial dues in kind at stated intervals. Household Administration Its Place in the Higher Education of Women 2011-07-20T02:00:13.547Z As a case of independence the Kentish custom is quite complete, and manorial documents show on every page that it was anything but a dead letter. Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z The failure of the expedition into Ohmi meant the utter impossibility of the restoration of the courtiers' prestige and the approach of the total disappearance of the manorial system from the islands of Japan. An Introduction to the History of Japan 2011-08-25T02:00:29.177Z There would have been enough for everybody, both for the master and for the peasants, but the master had placed over them a clerk, a manorial servant of his from another estate. Fables for Children, Stories for Children, Natural Science Stories, Popular Education, Decembrists, Moral Tales 2011-11-17T03:00:35.327Z Heriots is a manorial impost about which some curious information has at various times been published. Bygone Cumberland and Westmorland 2011-11-01T02:00:23.027Z Economists are not yet agreed as to the precise extent to which co-operation was used in the manorial village. Household Administration Its Place in the Higher Education of Women 2011-07-20T02:00:13.547Z Molmen, though treated as villains by Royal courts, are already recognised as more 'free' than the villains by manorial juries. Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z Notwithstanding this diversity in size and the inconstancy of the frontier-lines, these territories were similar to one another in their main nature, no more complicated by intricate manorial systems. An Introduction to the History of Japan 2011-08-25T02:00:29.177Z He began by driving the peasants to manorial labour more than the usual number of days. Fables for Children, Stories for Children, Natural Science Stories, Popular Education, Decembrists, Moral Tales 2011-11-17T03:00:35.327Z In the old manorial halls fools or jesters were frequently to be found among the members of the households. Bygone Cumberland and Westmorland 2011-11-01T02:00:23.027Z Statements of this kind are constantly admitted in questions relating to right of way, or rights of common, or manorial or other local customs. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 10, Slice 1 "Evangelical Church Conference" to "Fairbairn, Sir William" 2011-07-16T02:00:16.387Z We may be sure that manorial juries and bailiffs would not have been allowed to displace at their pleasure terminological distinctions which might lead people to alter their legal position. Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z In practice the manorial system implied that freedom of movement and choice of occupation scarcely existed. Education in England in the Middle Ages Thesis Approved for the Degree of Doctor of Science in the University of London 2011-06-30T02:00:33.287Z During Passion week the clerk told the peasants to get ready to plough the manorial land for oats during Easter week. Fables for Children, Stories for Children, Natural Science Stories, Popular Education, Decembrists, Moral Tales 2011-11-17T03:00:35.327Z A good deal might be written concerning the old manorial and other Courts of the two counties. Bygone Cumberland and Westmorland 2011-11-01T02:00:23.027Z Husbandry land held in villeinage was inherited according to the custom of its manor as administered in the lords manorial court. Our Legal Heritage June 2011 (Sixth) Edition 2011-06-03T02:00:23.737Z On the other hand, in the trial of status, manorial organisation led to the sharp distinction between persons in the power of the lord and out of it. Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z These educational facilities thus offered by the Church might possibly be utilised by the children of the manorial officials, the steward, or the bailiff; but they would never be shared by children of gentle birth. Education in England in the Middle Ages Thesis Approved for the Degree of Doctor of Science in the University of London 2011-06-30T02:00:33.287Z One day the peasants met in the forest, before Easter week: the clerk had sent them to clean up the manorial woods. Fables for Children, Stories for Children, Natural Science Stories, Popular Education, Decembrists, Moral Tales 2011-11-17T03:00:35.327Z If owners of old manorial houses kept frank and faithful log-books, strange domestic records might now and then be read, rivalling in tragic incidents those of passing ships. A Speckled Bird 2011-05-06T02:00:09.097Z At the next hallmote, if manorial custom required it, the son would pay a fine to his lord for entry onto the land and for license to marry. Our Legal Heritage June 2011 (Sixth) Edition 2011-06-03T02:00:23.737Z The study of manorial evidence must start from a discussion as to terminology. Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z Though you may be a Lincoln horde," says he, in a manorial manner, "the republic of intellect recognizes you only as a man. The Orpheus C. Kerr Papers, Series 1 2011-04-21T02:00:47.647Z The upper class is a remnant of the feudal days, of the manorial times, when land-holding brought with it social distinction and political prerogative. Socialism and Democracy in Europe 2011-03-15T02:00:12.887Z Their aim was to abolish all villein-service, and to wring from their lords the commutation of all manorial customs and obligations for a small rent—fourpence an acre was generally the sum suggested. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 9, Slice 5 English History 2011-02-12T03:00:32.473Z The manorial accounts were kept with precision and detail, and we are told that a skilled official could estimate to the utmost farthing the value of the services due from the villein to his lord. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 8, Slice 10 "Echinoderma" to "Edward" 2011-01-19T03:00:19.027Z Our next object must be to see in what shape the rights of the lord are presented by manorial documents. Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z The West India Company in turn, with a view to stimulating colonization, granted to certain members known as patroons manorial rights frequently in conflict with the authority of the Company. Dutch and English on the Hudson A Chronicle of Colonial New York 2011-01-17T03:00:47.770Z The manorial book-shelves had often been honored by his visits, and Pierre had kindly been his librarian. Pierre; or The Ambiguities 2011-01-17T03:00:45.163Z The villein must sue in his lord’s manorial courts, but he is also subject to the royal courts of hundred and shire. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 9, Slice 5 English History 2011-02-12T03:00:32.473Z Even in the rural districts, manorial records reveal the existence of a great variety of classes and groups of persons engaged in the performance of economic functions. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 8, Slice 10 "Echinoderma" to "Edward" 2011-01-19T03:00:19.027Z We may sum up the results already obtained by our analysis of manorial documents in the following propositions:— 1. Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z Ambitions like these had a manorial flavor that did not displease her. The Valiants of Virginia There he sits, a strange exotic, transplanted from the delectable alcoves of the old manorial mansion, to take root in this niggard soil. Pierre; or The Ambiguities 2011-01-17T03:00:45.163Z On the other hand where a manorial or only a domestic character was desired, the main lines of the building are Gothic, but the details, in either case, are partly Gothic and partly modified Renaissance. Architecture Gothic and Renaissance But it was truly monstrous, when the authorities compelled their subjects to buy goods from the manorial property which they did not need. Pictures of German Life in the XVIIIth and XIXth Centuries, Vol. I. I shall have to discuss the question of services and customs again, when I come to the information supplied by manorial documents. Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z Now, then, by this last addition to your lordship's estates, your manorial property cannot be less than a hundred and twenty-six thousand francs per annum, in round numbers. The Mysteries of Paris, Volume 2 of 6 The arrival of Mirabeau at the ancient manorial château created a great sensation in that remote part of France. Harper's New Monthly Magazine, No. V, October, 1850, Volume I. The palace originally consisted of five courts, only a part of which now remain, but which assist the fancy in stereoscoping the old manorial splendor. Zigzag Journeys in Europe Vacation Rambles in Historic Lands With this money Zahn bought the manorial estate of the counts of Schleitheim, and built the fine house from which he took his nickname. Black Forest Village Stories I ought perhaps to treat here of the different and interesting forms assumed by services and rents as consequences174 of manorial organisation. Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z The quo warranto proceedings of Edward I. established a sharp distinction between the court baron, exercising strictly manorial rights, and the court leet, depending for its jurisdiction upon royal franchise. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 7, Slice 6 "Coucy-le-Château" to "Crocodile" Titles and manorial names are done away with. Marie Antoinette and the Downfall of Royalty The manor had its own social and administrative system, which provided for the performance of duties by the various elements of the manorial establishment. Women of England The estate of the free tenants is the freehold estate of English law; as tenants of the same manor they assembled together in manorial court or court baron, of which they were the judges. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 7, Slice 3 "Convention" to "Copyright" In proportion as the manorial administration gets more work done in this exceptional manner, it becomes more and more gracious in regard to the people. Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z "To a beautiful manorial residence at the village of Kioske, twenty miles beyond Buda, on the banks of the Danube—one of the most romantic spots of eastern Europe." The Galaxy, June 1877 Vol. XXIII.—June, 1877.—No. 6. The commoners on a manorial common then will be, prima facie, the freeholders and copyholders of the manor, and the persons who own lands which were copyhold of the manor but have been enfranchised. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 6, Slice 7 "Columbus" to "Condottiere" There was formerly a Court Leet jurisdiction, but everything connected with ancient manorial government has disappeared. The Annals of Willenhall The letters recently published by Lord Mahon and Mr. Manners Sutton, are probably specimens only of the literary treasures stored in the old manorial and other houses of England. The International Monthly, Volume 5, No. 3, March, 1852 The facts we have been examining certainly suppose that in the villains we have chiefly to do with peasants tilling the earth and dependent on manorial organisation. Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z The petty merchant could not, and dared not, compete with the trading monopolies of the manorial lords within these feudal jurisdictions. History of the Great American Fortunes, Vol. I Conditions in Settlement and Colonial Times So far we have considered common rights as they have arisen out of the manorial system, and out of the still older system of village communities. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 6, Slice 7 "Columbus" to "Condottiere" It was land without an owner; no one claimed any manorial right over it; they could build cottages without paying rent. The Annals of Willenhall No place of meeting could long remain a secret—whether manorial halls, shopkeepers' storerooms, barns, hay-lofts, or the broad shadows of copse and forest. The International Monthly, Volume 5, No. 3, March, 1852 The jurisprudence and practice of the king's courts present a one-sided, though a very important view of the subject, but it must be supplemented and verified by an investigation of manorial records. Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z Thus, to give one example, the manorial men in New York were confronted in 1839 by a portentous movement. History of the Great American Fortunes, Vol. I Conditions in Settlement and Colonial Times There may, however, be rights of common quite unconnected with the manorial Rights of common not connected with manorial system. system. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 6, Slice 7 "Columbus" to "Condottiere" So long as it was conducive to the pleasures of the manorial lord to keep large tracts of land uncultivated, it was contrary to his interests to form great thoroughfares. Old Roads and New Roads It occupied one of those spacious old manorial houses above the Hudson, where the river swept in a gracious curve at the foot of the long lawn. Clark's Field Still, a general survey of manorial rights has undoubtedly to start from these fundamental distinctions. Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z For more than two centuries the manorial lords had been conspicuous functionaries. History of the Great American Fortunes, Vol. I Conditions in Settlement and Colonial Times At the present day it is the manorial system which must be invoked in most cases as the foundation of the curiously conflicting rights which co-exist on a common. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 6, Slice 7 "Columbus" to "Condottiere" Side by side with the village community system there was a separate development of individual ownership and tillage, which developed into the manorial system. History of Human Society His white hair was tied in a cue, as if he were himself a landowner instead of only a manorial tenant. The Continental Dragoon A Love Story of Philipse Manor-House in 1778 We need not undertake this last inquiry, but some comparison between the views of lawyers and the actual facts of manorial administration must be attempted. Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z Originally, as we have seen, the manorial magnate himself made the laws and decreed justice; but in two centuries great changes had taken place. History of the Great American Fortunes, Vol. I Conditions in Settlement and Colonial Times In the third period, inclosure probably related chiefly to the ordinary manorial common; and it seems likely that, on the whole, England would have gained, had inclosure stopped in 1845. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 6, Slice 7 "Columbus" to "Condottiere" This manorial system prevailed to a large extent in England, France, and parts of Germany. History of Human Society He felt a surge of indignant protest against the greedy injustice of that manorial estate, the fair house glistening in the late sun among the white-limbed cottonwoods. The Rustler of Wind River It presents, as it were, an earlier and less perfect crystallisation of society on a feudal basis than the manorial system of Common Law. Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z On their part the manorial men believed that self-interest, pride and adherence to ancient traditions called for the perpetuation of their arbitrary power of running their domains as they pleased. History of the Great American Fortunes, Vol. I Conditions in Settlement and Colonial Times There was nothing mean about Pinney, and while he was at it he lavished a manorial grandeur upon the Northwick place, outside as well as inside. The Quality of Mercy It was reached at 8 meters in depth, not far from the manorial castle of Chichen, to which the approach is by a staircase of 90 steps, which are visible from the four cardinal points. The Mayas, the Sources of Their History Dr. Le Plongeon in Yucatan, His Account of Discoveries Thus the house becomes the central feature in a strikingly picturesque group of buildings having all the manorial impressiveness of the old Virginia mansions along the James River. The Colonial Architecture of Philadelphia And finally, manorial exactions could grow from the political sway conferred by feudal lordship. Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z Under the leases that the manorial lords compelled their tenants to sign, there were oppressive anachronisms. History of the Great American Fortunes, Vol. I Conditions in Settlement and Colonial Times The most important of the many causes which were at work to undermine the manorial system in the fourteenth century is, therefore, plain. The Enclosures in England An Economic Reconstruction In the Middle Ages every town, abbey, and nearly all the more important manorial lords had the right of hanging, and the gallows was to be seen almost everywhere. Bygone Punishments Here he lived in manorial splendor, entertaining the most eminent personages of the day with munificent hospitality and employing himself with numerous ingenious inventions, notably a practical device for moving brick and stone houses intact. The Colonial Architecture of Philadelphia When the case is mentioned154 in manorial documents, the fine gets heightened accordingly, and sometimes it is even expressly stated that an arbitrary payment will be exacted. Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z Examined in its relations to the manorial and tribal systems and to the common or open field system of husbandry. Introduction to the Science of Sociology She overlooks the fact that he failed to exact the money payment in place of the services for which manorial custom provided. The Enclosures in England An Economic Reconstruction Finger pillories, or stocks, in past ages, were probably frequently employed in the old manorial halls of England; but at the present period only traces of a few are to be found. Bygone Punishments His immediate work was to supersede the arbitrary legislation which the nobles exercised in their manorial courts over their tenants. Great Men and Famous Women. Vol. 5 A series of pen and pencil sketches of the lives of more than 200 of the most prominent personages in History As to the treatment of tenure in manorial documents, it is to be noticed that a distinction which has no juridical meaning at all becomes all important in practice. Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z Beginning with a modest farm house and a farm of a hundred acres, he gradually bought, planted, and built, until the farm became a manorial domain and the farm house a castle. Lady of the Lake But even here Cobden is active in the work of finally emancipating Manchester from manorial rights that have no place in the nineteenth century. Liberalism They held what were called the pleas of the crown—that is to say, trials which were brought before the king's judges instead of being tried either in the county courts or the manorial courts. A Student's History of England, v. 1 (of 3) From the earliest times to the Death of King Edward VII This was the first manorial grant in New Netherlands and was destined to endure the longest. The Greatest Highway in the World Historical, Industrial and Descriptive Information of the Towns, Cities and Country Passed Through Between New York and Chicago Via the New York Central Lines. Based on the Encyclopaedia Britannica. Turning next to manorial records, we find these abortive features of feudal law resting on a very broad basis. Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z When he came into power he found the people suffering grievously from the extortions of manorial chiefs. A History of the Japanese People From the Earliest Times to the End of the Meiji Era Both were ruled, as far as they were ruled, by the remnants of old manorial institutions. The English Utilitarians, Volume I. They lived at their manorial farm of Hayes Barton, and they were buried side by side, as their son tells us, 'in Exeter church.' Raleigh It is his most eager desire to become a landed proprietor, and if possible he buys a place where he can exercise manorial rights. The Toilers of the Field The records of trials in the King's Court, and the doctrines of lawyers based on them, cannot be treated in the same way as the surveys compiled for the use of manorial administration. Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z In New York the manorial privileges of the great patroons were swept away. The Critical Period of American History The manorial rights ultimately passed to the Heathcotes, and are now the property of the head of that family, the Earl of Ancaster. Records of Woodhall Spa and Neighbourhood Historical, Anecdotal, Physiographical, and Archaeological, with Other Matter The castles and fortified buildings varied a little in outward construction from the ordinary manorial residences, but the same general arrangement of the interior existed. The Atlantic Monthly, Volume 18, No. 109, November, 1866 That house is now a farm, but it retains traces of old manorial grandeur—some panelled rooms with great windows, a hall with lofty fireplace, and the fishponds of the gardens. The Cornwall Coast The reason of the failure is disclosed by manorial documents. Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z In Maryland the old manorial system had long been dying a natural death through the encroachments of the patriarchal system of slavery. The Critical Period of American History The island was in a state of some turmoil, owing to the unpopularity of the Athols, who still held manorial rights and the patronage of the Bishopric. The Little Manx Nation - 1891 It was then a manor, to which Hurstleigh, the woodland, was only an appendage; and the curious old manorial rights and customs plainly go back to these ancient præ-Norman times. Old Times at Otterbourne Over wide sections, untitled manorial lords, "more intelligent than educated, brave but irascible, proud but overbearing," controlled all voting and office-holding. History of the United States, Volume 3 Rents are collected, labour supervised, and all kinds of administrative business transacted, by a set of manorial officers or servants. Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z The slanting rays of the sinking sun shot athwart the valley, glanced from the tile roofs of the homes of the peasantry, and illumined the lofty towers of a great manorial ch�teau. Under the Rose It was, in short, one of those glorious manorial houses that sometimes unexpectedly greet us in our wanderings, and gladden us like the discovery of a hidden treasure. Rookwood But after having taken possession of the manorial lands, after having reaped a harvest from them, the peasants would not part with their grain for paper-money. The Conquest of Bread In point of fact, it was the feudal system of the Old World transported to the New; with the exception that the manorial lords were monks, and the villeins savage men. The Death Shot A Story Retold The entire population is grouped into a village community which centres round the manorial court or halimote, which is both council and tribunal. Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z The manorial practice gave a bad name to New York as a region for settlement, which not even the actual opportunities in certain parts of the colony could counteract. The Frontier in American History This went beyond the old manorial claim, which was "from the shore so far seaward as a horsed knight could, at low water-springs, reach with his spear." Lynton and Lynmouth A Pageant of Cliff & Moorland But that night Stair made use of the gates manorial. Patsy Extremely ancient as I am inclined to think manorial history is, it is unquestionably loaded with an artificial terminology and with the chains so deftly forged by lawyers. Folklore as an Historical Science All expressions of his power may be considered under three different heads, as connected with one of the three fundamental151 aspects of the manorial relation. Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z III, No. 5, is devoted entirely to manorial documents. An Introduction to the Industrial and Social History of England Out of the manorial villages went ambitious individuals, making their way as industrial pioneers to the opportunity of the larger towns, as now young people push out from the country to the city. Society Its Origin and Development The extensive, undulating commons and heaths dotted with broken patches of Scotch firs and hollies on the ferruginous sand north of the Downs, afford—where the manorial rights are enforced—still greater variety of sport. Highways and Byways in Sussex My first point is that to get at the survivals of the village community in Britain it is not necessary to approach it through the medium of manorial history. Folklore as an Historical Science Let us pass now to those aspects of manorial usage which are directly connected with the mode of holding land. Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z Protests are recorded against the tolls on sales and purchases, and against attendance at the manorial courts, and a maximum limit to the rent of land is asked for. An Introduction to the Industrial and Social History of England When the slave became a serf on the manorial estate of mediæval Europe, manufacturing was still a household employment and old methods were still in use. Society Its Origin and Development A long, low farmhouse, with gable ends and ample porch, an antique building that in old days might have been some manorial residence, attracted his attention. Henrietta Temple A Love Story There is nothing which has not its counterpart, in more or less well-defined degree, in the other types which are not manorial. Folklore as an Historical Science But he did not renounce thereby any of his manorial rights: he only regulated their application. Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z Still another part of the work of the court was the election of petty manorial officers; a reeve, a reaper, ale-tasters, and perhaps others. An Introduction to the Industrial and Social History of England The Templars acquiesced without much difficulty, but the wealthy owners of the manor of Redcliffe, who had their own manorial courts, market, fair and quay, resisted the union for nearly one hundred years. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 4, Part 3 "Brescia" to "Bulgaria" Neither are they identical with the commons of the separate vills—the manorial or parochial commons. The Customs of Old England In every village of England had been small freeholders, copyholders and cottagers, all of whom had varying degrees of possession in the common lands which were administered by a manorial court of the village. Gilbert Keith Chesterton If in manorial documents these 'hundredors' occupy as it were an ambiguous position, the same may be said of another and a very important class—the socmen. Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z Its publication marked an era in the recognition of the main features of manorial organization. An Introduction to the Industrial and Social History of England Bristol was still organized manorially rather than municipally. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 4, Part 3 "Brescia" to "Bulgaria" If we turn to London, we shall discover that its administration was conducted, to a large extent, on country and manorial lines. The Customs of Old England How proudly he lingers over the pictures of 'baronial castles,' and 'time-honored manorial residences, indissolubly linked with the proudest names and proudest deeds of England's history'! The Continental Monthly, Vol. 5, No. 1, January, 1864 But although very incomplete in this important respect, manorial records allow us many a glimpse at the process which was preparing a great change in the law. Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z The manorial rights of Comberton, in the county of Cambridge, were formerly held by the lord, being the keeper of the king's falcons. The Mirror of Literature, Amusement, and Instruction Volume 20, No. 577, July 7, 1827 In all cases the decisions of the manorial courts would be pretty sure to be in the lord's favor. The Leading Facts of English History A manorial dwelling, a real old, well-furnished manor-house; and in the large dining-room, in front of the huge fireplace, where a large fire was blazing, dinner was laid; I will say no more than that! The Works of Guy de Maupassant, Volume 3 Also, he had an affection for the Dabney manorial acres, and especially for that portion of them overlying the coal measures. The Quickening The very foundation of the mediaeval system, its organisation of work according to equalised holdings and around a manorial centre, is in course of time undermined by the process of commutation. Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z In the country the free labourers found allies in the villeins whose freedom from manorial service was questioned. History of the English People, Volume II The Charter, 1216-1307; The Parliament, 1307-1400 The officers and soldiers are converted into manorial under-stewards of the worst possible description. A Journey through the Kingdom of Oude, Volumes I & II Alas for her that met me, That heard me softly call, Came glimmering through the laurels At the quiet evenfall, In the garden by the turrets Of the old manorial hall! The World's Best Poetry, Volume 3 Sorrow and Consolation The manorial system was in fact a combination of large farming by the lords, and small farming by the tenants. A Short History of English Agriculture In one word, our manorial records give ample notice of the growth of a system based on free contract and not on customary labour. Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z Beyond these are blue undulations of varying tone, and then another bosky-looking spot, which you learn to be about the same amount of manorial umbrage belonging to Lord Some-One-Else. Lippincott's Magazine of Popular Literature and Science October, 1877. Vol XX - No. 118 As for the manorial courts, feudal relicts transplanted to America, they sprang from Lord Baltimore's attempt to build up an aristocracy like that which attended upon the bishop in his palace in Durham. England in America, 1580-1652 But I also had and have a rooted conviction, that reasonable assurance of the legitimacy should precede the submission; so I made it my business to look up the manorial title-deeds. Collected Essays, Volume V Science and Christian Tradition: Essays Rents are collected, labour superintended, administrative business transacted by a set of manorial officers. A Short History of English Agriculture The whole arrangement of a manorial survey is constructed with the holding as its basis. Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z To acquire immovable property on all manorial estates on which the peasants had passed from the state of serfs into that of tenants. History of the Jews in Russia and Poland. Volume II From the death of Alexander I. until the death of Alexander III. (1825-1894) My step-son's house is the large white manorial mansion you see on the other side of the green. Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine — Volume 56, No. 346, August, 1844 A fine old manorial residence was Downham, and beautifully situated, as has been shown, on a woody eminence to the north of Pendle Hill. The Lancashire Witches A Romance of Pendle Forest The manorial system went on steadily decaying, and by this time the demesne lands had much diminished in area on most manors. A Short History of English Agriculture The whole reckoning starts from the other end, from the wants of the manorial administration. Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z Even after the most careful searches in the Record Office and the British Museum it is very difficult oftentimes to trace a manorial descent. Vanishing England These demonstrations of authority provoked the formation of 'anti-rent clubs' throughout the manorial district, with a view of acquiring a controlling influence in the legislature. Handbook of Home Rule Being articles on the Irish question For as to the practice of entails, the legal benefit of primogeniture, &c., these have no more essential connexion with the nobility, than the possession of land or manorial rights. Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine — Volume 54, No. 333, July 1843 Then labour services are substituted for the old provender rents, and thus the Church acquires a demesne, and thus the foundations of the manorial system, still to be traced all over the country, were laid. A Short History of English Agriculture This fact would show by itself that the original system, according to which property and husbandry were arranged in manorial groups, was based on a close connexion between the domanial and the tributary land. Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z It was the manorial life of the patroons—a relic of ancient feudalism which had its beginning in 1629, when The West Indies Company issued its charter of Privileges and Exemptions. The Light in the Clearing All which, the constables excepted, are no more than servants to the lord of the manor; and whose duty extends no farther, than to the preservation of the manorial rights. An History of Birmingham (1783) A hundred thousand acres and a thousand slaves, good, bad, and indifferent—surely a man does owe a little something to his manorial duties. Wide Courses As the manorial system thus superimposed upon the village community was the basis of English rural economy for centuries, there need be no apology for describing it at some length. A Short History of English Agriculture The manorial records296 raise it occasionally, and their ways of settling it are not always the same. Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z Usually once in a year the residents in their imposing manorial homes repaired, from their rural retreats, to New York to make their annual purchases. Peter Stuyvesant, the Last Dutch Governor of New Amsterdam These manorial servants, instituted by ancient charter, chiefly possess a name, without an office. An History of Birmingham (1783) The evidence of the inscriptions on "Balks and beams" in old manorial dwellings is especially to be suspected. Notes and Queries, Number 18, March 2, 1850 In the thirteenth century the manorial system may be said to have been in its zenith; the description therefore of Cuxham Manor in Oxfordshire at that date is of special interest. A Short History of English Agriculture The free half-virgate merely pays five shillings, and does suit to the manorial court. Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z In the proprietary colony of Maryland the Calverts also attempted to establish a landed aristocracy, and give to the manorial lords certain rights of jurisdiction over their tenants drawn from the feudal system of Europe. Lord Elgin The manorial powers, which alone could preserve order, have slept for ages. An History of Birmingham (1783) It is true that not all these names represent complete manorial ownership. The Historic Thames In the manorial pew, the foremost of all, one glimpses the Marquis of Monthyon, who has the air of an officer, and his mother-in-law, Baroness Grille, who is dressed like an ordinary lady. Light But as a matter of fact it was treated as such a test from a local point of view by many, if not most, manorial arrangements. Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z Arbitrary taxes were imposed, encroachments were made upon common lands as in older manorial times, and the writ of habeas corpus was suspended. The Beginnings of New England Or the Puritan Theocracy in its Relations to Civil and Religious Liberty Upon the establishment of the empire, the public lands became a vast manorial estate whose over-lord was the emperor himself. Public Lands and Agrarian Laws of the Roman Republic In a number of cases they stand for portions of the manor only, but even in this list ten at least, and possibly twelve, stand for complete manorial ownership. The Historic Thames Hunting parties were given for the occasion in the manorial demesne, and passing processions of bedizened guests were seen. Light This discrepancy between what I may call the manorial and the legal uses of the term deserves notice as an indication of the imperfect adjustment of law to fact. Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z At the entrance to the churchyard is a fine old mediaeval building with a good roof, where the manorial courts were once held. Somerset He traces the early communal character of Hebrew society, its gradual break-up under the encroachments of manorial lords, and the natural efforts of the people to regain their communal rights. The Right and Wrong Uses of the Bible William's order was not a century old when the recrudescence of the former manorial independence was felt in the reign of Henry II. The Historic Thames Cf. also Sir Anthony Fitzherbert and the account of the manorial system of farming in England in Prothero's English Farming Past and Present. Roman Farm Management The Treatises of Cato and Varro But the description of the practice at Stoneleigh, which, though ancient demesne, presents manorial customs of the same character as those followed on ordinary estates, leaves no doubt as to the course of the proceedings. Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z There is a painful neatness about this little group of cottages characteristic of a manorial appurtenance. Somerset All old buildings of manorial aspect invariably attracted his attention. Mare Nostrum (Our Sea) A Novel The monasteries had owned not only these full manorial rights, but also numerous parcels of land scattered up and down in manors whose lordship was already in private hands. The Historic Thames Many of these grants were made, and in a few instances the manorial courts duly held their sessions. American Negro Slavery A Survey of the Supply, Employment and Control of Negro Labor as Determined by the Plantation Regime Two elements are necessary to constitute the manorial arrangement, the peasant village and the home farm worked by its help. Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z Opposite is a farmhouse, which was once a manorial residence of the Berkeleys: part of the original Elizabethan building still remains. Somerset On the 4th of August feudal and manorial privileges were swept away by the National Assembly; and on the 18th of August the Assembly formally adopted a declaration of "the rights of man." Coleridge's Ancient Mariner and Select Poems Edward the Confessor, manorial lord of Old Windsor, 70; the Confessor rebuilds Westminster Abbey, 96. The Historic Thames The fines and other profits were to go to the manorial lord. American Negro Slavery A Survey of the Supply, Employment and Control of Negro Labor as Determined by the Plantation Regime In a large number of cases the relation between lord and peasants resolves itself into money payments, and this is only another way of saying that the manorial group disaggregates itself. Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z The Court, a farm-house in the fields, was once a manorial residence of the Bishops of Bath and Wells. Somerset The hills right and left were covered with woods, old manorial woods where magnificent trees still remained, and where the rarest feathered game in that part of France was to be found. Selected Writings of Guy De Maupassant The front of the house exhibited an ordinary manorial presentation of Elizabethan windows, mullioned and hooded, worked in rich snuff-colored freestone from local quarries. The Woodlanders Under the manorial system, the rise of which preceded the Norman Conquest, communal methods of husbandry remained, but the position of the cultivator was radically altered. The Project Gutenberg Encyclopedia Volume 1 of 28 But the manorial administration does not much concern itself with these details: the township is answerable for the whole sum. Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z To the south of the bridge stands the picturesque Tudor house called Barden Tower, which was at one time a keeper's lodge in the manorial forest of Wharfedale. Yorkshire This country, bounded by the Loire and the sea, crossed by few roads, sprinkled with villages, hamlets, and manorial residences, had retained its ancient feudal state. History of the French Revolution from 1789 to 1814 They were also obliged to provide one or more oxen for the manorial plough team, which consisted of eight oxen. English Villages The girl had come to Mauleverer with the smallest number of garments compatible with decency; and her stock had been but tardily and scantily replenished during her residence in that manorial abode. The Golden Calf This last term only points to its relation to the house, that is the manorial house. Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z In 1839, a general combination was formed among the tenant farmers in New York holding long or perpetual leases from manorial proprietors to resist the payment of the stipulated rents. The American Judiciary The detached dovecot is seen in almost every old manorial garden. Two Summers in Guyenne Gradually a change came over them, and we find the manorial system in vogue. English Villages I had taken it on a lease; the manor, mansion, farms, lands, and the manorial rights. Memoirs of Henry Hunt, Esq. — Volume 2 Usually it lies in immediate connexion with the manorial house, and produces almost exclusively for home consumption. Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z He was easily domesticated and soon became a part of the household of one of the finest old Bedfordshire manorial homes. The Junior Classics — Volume 8 Animal and Nature Stories Already manorial houses, crenated and often moated, but, like this one at Montaigne, defensive rather for show than the reality, were scattered over France. Two Summers in Guyenne They held about five acres, but provided no oxen for the manorial plough-team. English Villages England, during the period following the Norman Conquest, contained more than nine thousand of these manorial estates. Early European History In manorial extents we come constantly across such exempted tenements conceded without any rural obligations or with the reservation of a very small rent. Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z He descended from the carriage, and walked into the grand manorial hall, vast enough to have lodged a hundred men, his wife on his arm, his head very high, his face very pale. A Terrible Secret Nearly seventy years afterwards we find the family still retaining its manorial estate in the palatinate. Life of George Washington — Volume 01 Enforcing the old manorial rights, which nobody knows much about, would be an expensive business, and I have no money to risk. The Buccaneer Farmer Published in England under the Title "Askew's Victory" Both parties gained by an arrangement which converted the manorial lord into a landlord and the serf into a free tenant-farmer paying rent. Early European History They had to pay rents or even to perform labour services, but their obligations were subsidiary to the work of the customary tenants on which the husbandry of the manorial demesne leaned for support. Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z In his manorial courts, scattered and unconnected, he could set up no central tribunal, nor even force a new custom upon his tenants, nor could he attempt oppression on any extensive scale. The Great Events by Famous Historians, Volume 05 (From Charlemagne to Frederick Barbarossa) The classical tradition of trial by a large jury, as the Areopagus or the Centumviri, had given place to trial before the regal or manorial court. Rhetoric and Poetry in the Renaissance A Study of Rhetorical Terms in English Renaissance Literary Criticism They were familiar already with the proceedings of the vestry-meeting and the manorial courts, but they were severed now from church and from aristocracy. American Political Ideas Viewed from the Standpoint of Universal History Last year, no question of this nature was raised: our right seemed to be tacitly conceded, and if you claimed or exercised any manorial privileges, it never came to my knowledge. Memories of Hawthorne From the economic point of view we can see no inherent necessity for the connexion of these particular free tenements with that particular manorial unit. Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z The local jurisdictions of the thegns who had grants of sac and soc, or who exercised judicial functions among their free neighbors, were identical with the manorial jurisdictions of the new owners. The Great Events by Famous Historians, Volume 05 (From Charlemagne to Frederick Barbarossa) The manorial rights appear to have extended over the whole parish. The Coming of the Friars Decay of manorial system: emancipation of villeins: growth of industry and towns. 1377-1399. The History of England - a Study in Political Evolution Speaking from the point of view of the other seigneurs, the cost of this manorial abode of the Longueuils must have represented a fortune. The Seigneurs of Old Canada : A Chronicle of New World Feudalism And as they are found constantly allied with shareholding, we have to say that they imply manorial relations superimposed on a community which, if not entirely free, contained free elements within it. Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z The manorial system brought in a number of new names; and perhaps a duplication of offices. The Great Events by Famous Historians, Volume 05 (From Charlemagne to Frederick Barbarossa) Various powers and activities had long gathered around these petty courts, but the whole group of manorial rights and duties of jurisdiction and administration was, in 1600, fast becoming an obsolete and insignificant institution. American Nation: a history — Volume 1: European Background of American History, 1300-1600 It was land without an owner; no one claimed any manorial right over it; they could build cottages without paying rent. Sybil, or the Two Nations In Maryland the great planters, in effect his barons, should live upon estates, manorial in size and with manorial rights. Pioneers of the Old South: a chronicle of English colonial beginnings The manorial duties are more varied and capricious than are the shares just because they are a later growth. Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z In the meanwhile silence had fallen over the beautiful old manorial house. The Elusive Pimpernel A few carafes of choice wine from the old manorial cellar, completed the entertainment. The Golden Dog Everywhere he saw the stewards' accounts, according to which the serfs' manorial labor had been diminished, and heard the touching thanks of deputations of serfs in their full-skirted blue coats. War and Peace Alsace, since the beginning of the troubles, the provosts were obliged to fly, the bailiffs and manorial judges hid themselves, the forest-inspectors ran away, and the houses of the guards were demolished. The French Revolution - Volume 1 Mr. Maitland has collected a good deal of evidence to prove that the division did not exist originally, and that we have before us in the thirteenth century only one strictly manorial court, the 'halimotum.' Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z It was an historic house, and had always struck him as being—even in that country of historic seats—a singular example of the vicissitudes of English manorial estates and the mutations of its lords. Stories in Light and Shadow Indeed, it would seem as if a secure if not a rapid prosperity was the result of Don Ramon's manorial patronage. A Millionaire of Rough-and-Ready He did not know that the brick buildings, built to plan, were being built by serfs whose manorial labor was thus increased, though lessened on paper. War and Peace But this is a right which cannot be abrogated by desuetude, and the sum of one pound per annum is still chargeable for charitable purposes on the manorial farm of Hautbois. Crotchet Castle They often seem to owe their existence to the action of the manorial bailiffs or the farmers to whom the demesne has been let. Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z "And, pray, what did Mr. Taylor's manorial rights consist in?" asked Mr. Ellsworth. Elinor Wyllys, Volume 2 The villeins of the manorial estates, of the great farms, the mines, and the forests. War of the Classes He did not know that where the steward had shown him in the accounts that the serfs' payments had been diminished by a third, their obligatory manorial work had been increased by a half. War and Peace The manorial farm of Hautbois, now occupied by Farmer Seedling, is charged with the endowment and maintenance of an almshouse. Crotchet Castle And still the titles of the tenants are the result not of various grants but of manorial custom applied to the whole community. Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z Next, he opened a gate into a large vegetable enclosure, and thence the koliaska emerged into a square near a wooden church, with, showing beyond the latter, the roofs of the manorial homestead. Dead Souls The manorial courts were really meetings of the village community under the presidency of the lord or of his steward. Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z In a sense the partizans of the servile community are in the same awkward position in respect to the manorial court. Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z For these reasons, which hold good more or less everywhere, and are especially conspicuous in mediaeval history, the general relation between legal and manorial documents becomes especially important. Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z The first has to keep the peace of the King, the others are concerned with purely manorial affairs. Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z That is to say, it was not long before Tientietnikov noticed that on the manorial lands, nothing prospered to the extent that it did on the peasants'. Dead Souls And, lastly, the question will have to be put—to what extent were all these elements welded together in the village community, and under the sway of the manorial court? Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z There is absolutely nothing in the manorial arrangement to occasion this curious system. Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z It may admit a greater number and other kinds of beasts than those which were held commonable in the usual course of manorial husbandry. Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z But a presentment of the kind described in the manorial rolls vouches for a very independent position of the suitors, and indeed for their prevalent authority in the constitution of the tribunal. Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z In earlier times the classification depends primarily on the economic relation between the manorial centre and the tributary household, labour is deemed servile, rent held to be free. Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z The Gloucester manorial instruction enjoins the stewards to collect on certain days the entire grown-up population and to select the necessary servants for the different callings. Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z The manorial house and close cover five acres. Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z Such privileges are sometimes granted to villagers who do not seem to be personally employed in the manorial administration, but such cases are rare, and must be due to special reasons which escape our notice. Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z In the period preceding the manorial age we see fewer officers, and their interference in the life of the community is but occasional. Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z Every student of manorial documents will certainly be struck by one well-marked difference between villain tenements and free tenements as described in the extents and surveys. Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z Another ceremonial peculiarity of some interest concerns the place where manorial courts are held. Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z However this might be, the general rule is, undoubtedly, that no division is admitted, and that all the suitors and affairs are concentrated in the one manorial court—the halimot. Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z But in the feudal period the right place to hold the court was the manorial hall. Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z The fact is well known to all those who have had anything to do with manorial records. Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z But the fiction of higher ownership was lurking behind all these contentions of the upper class quite as much as behind the conveyancing ceremonies of the manorial court. Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z The title by which land is held according to manorial custom is derived from communal authority quite as much as from the lord's grant. Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z The case of Rothley is especially interesting because the men of the soke or under the soke do not go to a court of their own, but simply join the manorial meetings. Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z It may be asked, in conclusion, why a Frankish form should be found prevalent in the customary arrangement of the English manorial system? Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z Let us begin by a survey of the different kinds of labour duties performed by the dependent holdings which clustered round the manorial centre. Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z Let us simply take the assertion that free suitors are necessary to constitute a court, and apply it to a state of things when there was but one strictly manorial court, the halimot. Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z This shows, again, that the manorial element is superimposed on the communal, and not the foundation of it. Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z Whichever way we may look, one and the same observation is forced upon us: the communal organisation of the peasantry is more ancient and more deeply laid than the manorial order. Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z We shall have to speak of this rule again when treating of classes in regard to manorial organisation. Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z Remarks of that kind seem to mean that these rent-paying plots, liberated from servile duties, were especially liable to the interference of manorial officers. Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z Before concluding this chapter I have to say a few words upon those forms of the manorial court which appear as a modification of the normal institution. Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z It would be hard to imagine any kind of agricultural work which is not imposed on the peasantry in these manorial surveys. Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z Here is an assembly meeting to transact legal and economic business, which acts on the pattern of manorial courts. Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z And if not a manorial court, what is it? Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z The manorial administration may also exclude from the common arrangement entire areas of land which it is thought advantageous to give out for rent. Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z I think it is difficult to escape the conclusion that it is a meeting of the village community outside the lines of manorial division. Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z And in both respects the manorial court is called upon to act. Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z Might we not start from the original similarity between ancient demesne and ordinary manors, and thus explain how the rule as to the necessary constitution of the manorial court was formed? Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z I cannot help thinking that a like transformation of meaning as in the case of frank-pledge did take place in regard to the free suitors of the manorial court. Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z The relation of free tenancies to the manorial system turns out to be a complex one. Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z What were the halimots389 whose proceedings are recorded in the usual way on its manorial rolls? Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z The manorial power is fully recognised, and on the other hand the character of ancient demesne is also conspicuous with its protection of the peasantry. Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z From the manorial point of view the whole village is responsible for the collection of duties. Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z The characteristic mixture of different elements which we notice in the criminal jurisdiction of the manorial court may be seen also if we examine its civil jurisdiction. Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z The communal organisation of the village is made to subserve the needs of manorial administration. Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z And now let us take up the second thread of our inquiry into the manorial forms of conveyancing. Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z The court roll or record of manorial courts enabled the base tenant to show, for instance, that some piece of land was his although he had no charter to produce in proof of his contention. Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z Although the economic evidence is not within our reach in early times, we have indications of separate village meetings under the manorial court even from the legal point of view taken by the court-rolls. Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z In several instances the entries printed in the second volume of the Selden Society publications point to the action of townships as distinct from the manorial court, and placed under it. Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z They were natural allies in regard to the higher manorial officers. Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z It is not a manorial arrangement, though it may be adapted to the manor. Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z In this respect the manorial element comes strongly to the fore. Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z The manorial factor comes in to make everything artificially regular and rigid. Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z But alongside of these facts, testifying to a progress towards modern times, we find survivals of a more ancient order of things, quite as incompatible with manorial husbandry. Villainage in England Essays in English Mediaeval History 2012-02-15T03:00:35.553Z |
| 随便看 |
|
英语例句辞典收录了117811条英语例句在线翻译词条，基本涵盖了全部常用单词及词组的例句翻译及用法，是英语学习的有利工具。