英语词汇“Lyly”造句的方法、技巧、例句及翻译-英语例句辞典

Her mum, Lyly, got together with a new partner and life at home became a little more chaotic: parties at night, arguments among the family. ‘Intimate terrorism’: how an abusive relationship led a young woman to kill her partner 2019-10-31T04:00:00Z

The Court of Appeal heard she suffered repeated physical and emotional abuse, which was never evaluated during the original trial, Lyly Maughan said. ‘My daughter had PTSD when she killed her partner’ 2019-12-04T05:00:00Z

Lyly Mangoto Bukolo, a woman from the Democratic Republic of the Congo, sifted through an envelope of documents in her purse and held out a letter from a community health center. Protest Roils Jolie and Hague’s Sexual Assault Conference

In comedy the development had been earlier and more rapid than in tragedy, and had already in Peele and Lyly reached the stage of dexterous expression and varied innovation. Tragedy 2012-01-31T03:00:19.343Z

Lyly delighted his readers with unexpected quips and quiddities, with a fantastic display of rhetoric; he showed, as no one had before him, the possible flexibility of English prose. Essays on Modern Novelists 2011-11-22T03:00:10.817Z

Lyly was a master of the art, and the ladies of the court committed his sentences in great numbers, that they might shine in society. The World's Best Books : A Key to the Treasures of Literature 2011-10-20T02:00:20.857Z

Probably Lyly seemed innocuous enough at first, with his modest desire to lie shut in a lady's casket rather than open in a scholar's library. Great Ralegh 2011-08-16T02:00:43.100Z

Lyly again is careful to divide his plays into five acts. A Book About the Theater 2011-07-21T02:00:23.843Z

The recent Clarendon Press editions of Greene, Lyly, Kyd supply careful texts and full introductions. Tragedy 2012-01-31T03:00:19.343Z

Today we still read the work of the initiators, Lyly, Greene, Kyd. Dramatic Technique 2011-07-04T02:00:19.763Z

He published an edition of the dramatic works of Lyly in 1856. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 10, Slice 2 "Fairbanks, Erastus" to "Fens" 2011-06-19T02:00:16.580Z

Of Euphues with his instructive letters and sound moral tone Sir Charles Grandison is the direct descendant: Richardson owed as much to Lyly, as Defoe to Thomas Nash or Fielding to Defoe. Great Ralegh 2011-08-16T02:00:43.100Z

Marlowe, Kyd, Greene, Lyly, Nash, Lodge, and Peele all helped to prepare the way. The New Gresham Encyclopedia Volume 4, Part 1: Deposition to Eberswalde 2011-04-14T02:00:57.977Z

When the practice was going out of fashion we find it thus severely stigmatized by Michael Drayton, a poet who had little sympathy with the artificial refinement of Lyly. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 9, Slice 8 "Ethiopia" to "Evangelical Association" 2011-03-05T03:00:24.537Z

He has very little in common with Marlowe, Greene, and Peele, and still less with the charming Dresden china of Lyly. Philip Massinger 2011-02-25T03:01:15.270Z

Euphuism, of which Lyly was only the patentee, not the inventor, strikes partly back to the Spaniard Guevara, and was a model for some years to many followers like Lodge and Greene. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 9, Slice 6 "English Language" to "Epsom Salts" 2011-02-19T03:00:59.807Z

Among English writers who have made the most abundant use of antithesis are Pope, Young, Johnson, and Gibbon; and especially Lyly in his Euphues. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 2, Slice 2 "Anjar" to "Apollo"

Note the probable influence of the English writer, Lyly. Woman's Club Work and Programs First Aid to Club Women

At all events no one can doubt that it was Lyly who concentrated the peculiarities of mannerism, and who gave to it the stamp of his own remarkable talent. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 9, Slice 8 "Ethiopia" to "Evangelical Association" 2011-03-05T03:00:24.537Z

Let the common herd then shriek themselves hoarse at Lyly's door: it is shut fast, he will hear nothing, and is indifferent even if among this common herd Shakespeare figures. The English Novel in the Time of Shakespeare

The nascent drama of genius can be found in the “University wits,” who flourished Drama. between 1580 and 1595, and the chief of whom are Lyly, Kyd, Peele, Greene and Marlowe. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 9, Slice 6 "English Language" to "Epsom Salts" 2011-02-19T03:00:59.807Z

We have of course more of Harvey's; we have laments from others, such as Lyly and Googe, about their disappointments as courtiers; we have a good deal of State correspondence. A Letter Book Selected with an Introduction on the History and Art of Letter-Writing

"Well, you went the way to hang All three of them," cried Lyly, "and, as for Ben, His Trinidado goes to bed with him." Collected Poems Volume Two

Lyly adopted this word as the name of the hero of his romance, and it is with him that the vogue of Euphuism began. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 9, Slice 8 "Ethiopia" to "Evangelical Association" 2011-03-05T03:00:24.537Z

It must be acknowledged that Lyly's success, if it is no commendation of the taste of his contemporaries, is greatly to the credit of their morality and earnestness. The English Novel in the Time of Shakespeare

The verse of comedy waited for Greene, and its prose for Lyly. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 9, Slice 6 "English Language" to "Epsom Salts" 2011-02-19T03:00:59.807Z

Those who have to teach literature impress the importance, and try to impress the interest, of Lyly on students and readers, and they do right. Sir Walter Scott Famous Scots Series

So in Lyly's Euphues: "Philantus went into the fields to walk there, either to digest his choler, or chew upon his melancholy." The New Hudson Shakespeare: Julius Cæsar

The sun shineth upon the dunghill, and is not corrupted.—Lyly: Familiar Quotations A Collection of Passages, Phrases, and Proverbs Traced to Their Sources in Ancient and Modern Literature

Here Lyly is at his best, and neither Richardson nor Rousseau spoke better on this point, which is one of their favourite subjects. The English Novel in the Time of Shakespeare

Lyly's lyrical work, however, is fairly well known, and more than one collection of "Songs from the Dramatists" has popularised others. A History of Elizabethan Literature

Some of it is written in a loose, swinging couplet, some in quatrains, some in blank verse, some in the choice, picked prose made the fashion by Lyly. William Shakespeare

William Lyly, an Oxford student who had studied in the East, was his first high master. Bell's Cathedrals: The Cathedral Church of Saint Paul An Account of the Old and New Buildings with a Short Historical Sketch

Let the falling out of friends be a renewing of affection.—Lyly: Familiar Quotations A Collection of Passages, Phrases, and Proverbs Traced to Their Sources in Ancient and Modern Literature

English gentlewomen are prodigies of wisdom and beauty; and indeed that is the least Lyly can say of them, since it is for them that he is writing. The English Novel in the Time of Shakespeare

In imaginative and miscellaneous literature the fantastic extravagances of Lyly seemed as though they might have an evil effect. A History of Elizabethan Literature

Shakespeare’s early comedies disclose a like relationship between him and Lyly. A Life of William Shakespeare with portraits and facsimiles

To Lyly's memory his son George, Prebendary of Cantlers, also placed a tablet in the nave above. Bell's Cathedrals: The Cathedral Church of Saint Paul An Account of the Old and New Buildings with a Short Historical Sketch

Lyly in his new position made good use of his chance, and wrote plays for his young scholars to act, drilling them himself, and perhaps frequently appearing personally on the stage. John Lyly

By his defects and his merits, his wisdom, his gracefulness and also his bad style, Lyly could not fail to please. The English Novel in the Time of Shakespeare

The men of letters like Lyly and Nash are not nearly serious enough, though some exception may be made for Nash, especially if Pasquil's Apology be his. A History of Elizabethan Literature

Three-fourths of Lyly’s comedies lightly revolve about topics of classical or fairy mythology—in the very manner which Shakespeare first brought to a triumphant issue in his ‘Midsummer Night’s Dream.’ A Life of William Shakespeare with portraits and facsimiles

Not only was Lyly the proprietor of the theatre, but he attempted to supply it with the necessary plays. Shakespearean Playhouses A History of English Theatres from the Beginnings to the Restoration

And yet Lyly owed a great debt to Guevara. John Lyly

This description is followed, as in Lyly, by a proper antidote, and with a number of rules to be observed by all the honest people who desire to escape the wiles of the feminine sex. The English Novel in the Time of Shakespeare

It thus comes nearest to Lyly, but is altogether a more dramatic, livelier, and less conceited performance than anything by the author of Euphues. A History of Elizabethan Literature

No. cxlv. is a playful lyric in p. 98octosyllabics, like Lyly’s song of ‘Cupid and Campaspe,’ and its tone has close affinity to that and other of Lyly’s songs. A Life of William Shakespeare with portraits and facsimiles

Since 1584, when Lyly was forced to give up his playhouse, they had not presented a play at Court. Shakespearean Playhouses A History of English Theatres from the Beginnings to the Restoration

The weariness, which the modern reader feels for the romance of Lyly, is due rather to the excessive quantity of its metaphor, which was the fault of the age, than to its pedantic style. John Lyly

He had, therefore, many rivals and imitators who were thus only second-hand disciples of Lyly. The English Novel in the Time of Shakespeare

Indeed Lyly's vocabulary, except occasionally in his similes, is decidedly vernacular, and he very commonly mingles extremely homely words with his highest flights. A History of Elizabethan Literature

But Lyly's contribution should not be defined merely by this type of drama, original as it is in its departure from medieval or classical precedents. The Facts About Shakespeare

Evans, who had managed the Boys under Hunnis, Oxford, and Lyly, hoped now to reëstablish the Children of the Chapel at Blackfriars as they had been in his younger days. Shakespearean Playhouses A History of English Theatres from the Beginnings to the Restoration

Moreover, in aiming at elegance and precision, Lyly attained a lucidity almost unequalled among his contemporaries. John Lyly

Again, he was connected with the Greene and Lyly group by the pleasure he felt in composing imaginary letters. The English Novel in the Time of Shakespeare

Many efforts have been made to discover some model for Lyly's oddities. A History of Elizabethan Literature

The union of this romance with comedy on the stage began in two ways, and principally under the innovation of two writers, Lyly and Greene. The Facts About Shakespeare

Meanwhile the dramatic organization at Blackfriars continued under the direction of Hunnis, Evans, and Lyly, with the Earl of Oxford as patron. Shakespearean Playhouses A History of English Theatres from the Beginnings to the Restoration

And again, while Lyly's claims as a novelist are acknowledged on all hands, I felt that a clear statement of his exact position in the history of our novel was still needed. John Lyly

Lyly might shake with envy without having however the right to complain, for Sidney did not imitate him. The English Novel in the Time of Shakespeare

With Nash alone, of the University Wits proper, was Lyly connected, and this only problematically. A History of Elizabethan Literature

The early deaths of Greene and Marlowe and the retirement of Lyly left Shakespeare the heir of their inventions. The Facts About Shakespeare

He banished Lyly, Hunnis, Evans, and the Children from the "great upper hall," and reconverted the building into tenements. Shakespearean Playhouses A History of English Theatres from the Beginnings to the Restoration

Finally, inasmuch as the personality of an author is always more fascinating to me than his writings, I determined to attempt to throw some light, however fitful and uncertain, upon the man Lyly himself. John Lyly

But his own style is scarcely less artificial than that of Lyly, and consequently, its rules are quite as easy to discover. The English Novel in the Time of Shakespeare

Lyly's theatre represents, in short, a mere backwater in the general stream of dramatic progress, though not a few allusions in other men's work show us that it attracted no small attention. A History of Elizabethan Literature

Pastoral elements are found in many early entertainments and in the plays of Lyly and Peele. The Facts About Shakespeare

Unfortunately under Lyly's leadership the Boys became involved in the bitter Martin Marprelate controversy, for which they were suppressed near the end of 1590. Shakespearean Playhouses A History of English Theatres from the Beginnings to the Restoration

Lyly's enthronement was of short duration—a matter of some ten years—but, while it lasted, he reigned supreme. John Lyly

Lyly's "Euphues," for example, went through five editions in five years; in the same period "Hamlet" passed through only three, and "Romeo and Juliet" through two editions. The English Novel in the Time of Shakespeare

Michael Drayton, in some verse complimentary to Sidney, stigmatises not much too strongly Lyly's prevailing faults, and attributes to the hero of Zutphen the purification of England from euphuism. A History of Elizabethan Literature

He notes with discrimination that Shakespeare learned his art in an earlier day, but far outshone Kyd, Lyly, and Marlowe. The Facts About Shakespeare

These are now, however, clearly perceived to be the work of a much riper pen, that, namely, of Lyly. The Vnfortunate Traveller, or The Life Of Jack Wilton With An Essay On The Life And Writings Of Thomas Nash By Edmund Gosse

Waller and Lyly were of the latter class. John Lyly

Unfortunately for Lyly, what formerly constituted the attraction of "Euphues," and hid the sermon's bitterness, makes it to-day ridiculous and even odious: it is the style. The English Novel in the Time of Shakespeare

Lyly stands a good deal apart from them personally, despite his close literary connection. A History of Elizabethan Literature

In taking this position Lyly is said to be only following Ascham. The Bibliotaph and Other People

The poet Drayton says that he "did first reduce Our tongue from Lyly's writing, then in use, Talking of stones, stars, plants, of fishes, flies, Playing with words and idle similes." Brief History of English and American Literature

Lyly, however, was not concerned with making philosophical generalizations, or scientific laws, about the world in general. John Lyly

Euphues is a young Athenian, a contemporary not of Pericles, but of Lyly, who goes to Naples, thence to England, to study men and governments. The English Novel in the Time of Shakespeare

In noticing Euphues an account has already been given of Lyly's life, or rather of the very scanty particulars which are known of it. A History of Elizabethan Literature

Greene learned this trick from Lyly, who was a master of the art. The Bibliotaph and Other People

These were young graduates of the universities, Marlowe, Greene, Peele, Kyd, Lyly, Lodge, and others, who came up to town and led a Bohemian life as actors and playwrights. Brief History of English and American Literature

These are the three chief points of interest about Lyly, but they do not exhaust the problems he presents. John Lyly

This lightness of tone, however, did exist nevertheless, and those who assumed it were not slow to embellish their speeches with flowers from Lyly's paper garden. The English Novel in the Time of Shakespeare

The peculiar circumstances of the production of Lyly's plays, and the strong or at any rate decided individuality of the author, keep them in a division almost to themselves. A History of Elizabethan Literature

Whether Lyly got his style from Pettie or Guevara is an important question, but he made it emphatically his own, and it will never be called by any other name than Euphuism. The Bibliotaph and Other People

Its euphemisms in reality have no baser intent than the euphuisms of Lyly, Ben Jonson, or Shakespeare. Unwritten Literature of Hawaii The Sacred Songs of the Hula

Lyly's enforced absence he holds was due to the plague which broke out at Oxford at this time. John Lyly

High praise is rendered by the editor to Lyly, who "was a great refiner of the English tongue in those days." The English Novel in the Time of Shakespeare

But Lyly's work generally has more of the masque than the play. A History of Elizabethan Literature

It commands respect in no small degree, because Lyly was able to keep it up so long. The Bibliotaph and Other People

And then the two went off into the splendid fantastic nonsense that the wits loved to talk; that grotesque, exaggerated phrasing made fashionable by Lyly. By What Authority?

Neglect of the recognised studies, however, was not the only blot upon Lyly's Oxford life. John Lyly

He rivalled Greene, but did not imitate him, being himself a direct legatee of Lyly. The English Novel in the Time of Shakespeare

Lyly himself exhibits both styles in Euphues; and if Pap with a Hatchet and An Almond for a Parrot are rightly attributed to him, still more in these. A History of Elizabethan Literature

Lyly’s genius was the opposite of this; it consisted in the faculty of transforming everybody into a reduplication of himself. The Bibliotaph and Other People

Lyly says—"Thou need no more send for a fidler to a feast, than a beggar to a fair." Shakespeare and Music With Illustrations from the Music of the 16th and 17th centuries

This connexion with the censorship of the day is interesting, as showing how Lyly was drawn into the whirlpool of the Marprelate controversy. John Lyly

So much for the continuation of Lyly's fame. The English Novel in the Time of Shakespeare

But they are not in the true sense dramatic, and are constantly spoilt by Lyly's strange weakness for conceited style. A History of Elizabethan Literature

But in Lyly’s novel there is not even an attempt at the most rudimentary ventriloquism. The Bibliotaph and Other People

Lodge was the son of a Lord Mayor of London, and was a contemporary at Oxford with Sidney, Gosson, Chapman, Lyly, Peele and Watson. Elizabethan Sonnet Cycles Phillis - Licia

Had Euphues been a still-born child of Lyly's genius, had it produced no effect upon the literature of the age, it would possess nothing but a purely archaeological interest for us to-day. John Lyly

His love pamphlets, which filled the greatest part of his literary career, connect him with the euphuistic cycle, and he is assuredly one of Lyly's legatees. The English Novel in the Time of Shakespeare

The seven men were Lyly, Greene, Peele, Nash, Lodge, Kyd and Marlowe—named not in chronological sequence but in the order of their discussion in these pages. The Growth of English Drama

Lest he should be thought to speak with uncertain voice upon this matter Lyly gives Euphues a story to tell in which the chief character describes the effect of traveling upon himself. The Bibliotaph and Other People

Her attention was as keen when she was framing a letter to the Grand Turk securing trade privileges to London or Bristol, as when she listened to the graceful flatteries of Spenser or Lyly. Days of the Discoverers

While, as I have said, Lyly's name is associated with the novel by most modern critics, it has earned a more widespread reputation among the laity for affectation and mannerisms of style. John Lyly

Possessing a much greater fertility of invention than Lyly, he follows as closely as the original bent of his mind allows him, the manner of his master. The English Novel in the Time of Shakespeare

The prose, adopted from Lyly's 'servants' and 'pages', not from his courtly 'goddesses', is clear and vigorous. The Growth of English Drama

In the paragraphs relating to the queen, Lyly grows positively eloquent. The Bibliotaph and Other People

He had been the guest of a friend at the acting of Master Lyly's new masque by the Children of the Chapel at Gray's Inn. Days of the Discoverers

Before, however, leaving the subject entirely, we must mention two more characteristics of Lyly's prose which are very noticeable, but which come under the head of ornamental, rather than constructional, devices. John Lyly

In this too, like his master Lyly, he may be considered a precursor of Richardson. The English Novel in the Time of Shakespeare

The plot of Mother Bombie must be briefly sketched because it is the only one in which Lyly dispenses with the aid of classical tradition and mythology and attempts a Comedy of Intrigue. The Growth of English Drama

Perhaps Lyly intended to condemn traveling with character unformed. The Bibliotaph and Other People

They sometimes acted in plays written for them by Lyly and others, and sometimes in the popular dramas of the day. Days of the Discoverers

In point of fact, however, the euphuists shared it with many other writers of their age, though it is doubtful whether anyone carried it to such extravagant lengths as Lyly. John Lyly

As for foreign women, Greene agrees with Lyly that they all paint their faces, and cannot live without a lover. The English Novel in the Time of Shakespeare

Great as was the advance made by Lyly and Greene in Comedy, the advance made by Kyd and Marlowe in Tragedy was greater. The Growth of English Drama

If the only definition of pedantry be ‘vain and ostentatious display of learning,’ I question if we may dismiss Lyly’s wealth of classical lore with the word ‘pedantry.’ The Bibliotaph and Other People

He was always averse to affectation, literary or otherwise, and in Elegy viij deliberately condemns Lyly's fantastic style. Minor Poems of Michael Drayton

This was Hakluyt, who must have been known to Lyly; and for the following reason. John Lyly

But Greene's style marked him most indelibly as a pupil of Lyly. The English Novel in the Time of Shakespeare

Foremost of all will stand the crowded medley of his plots, filling the stage with an amount of incident and action which is in striking contrast to Lyly's conversations and monologues. The Growth of English Drama

If Lyly had set out with the end in view of constructing a story by putting into it alone ‘what is not life,’ his product would have been what we find it now. The Bibliotaph and Other People

Lyly's was the first conspicuous example in English of the attempt to achieve an ornate and rather fantastic style. Rosalynde or, Euphues' Golden Legacy

It seems highly improbable, therefore, that Lyly and Hakluyt possessing these common friends could have remained unknown to each other at Oxford. John Lyly

But there was still more than this, and like Lyly, Sidney had direct imitators who copied him in prose, and tried to fashion novels after his model. The English Novel in the Time of Shakespeare

Unlike Lyly, Robert Greene is the dramatizer of actions rather than speeches. The Growth of English Drama

Lyly was twenty-six years when he first published. The Bibliotaph and Other People

It was the last book of any importance to employ the style that Lyly had made so popular. Rosalynde or, Euphues' Golden Legacy

And moreover Gosson's style does not read like an imitation of Lyly. John Lyly

The woman he loves resembles the bird called "Kalander," or again, the animal called "cockatrice" or "cocodrille," which is often mentioned by Lyly. The English Novel in the Time of Shakespeare

Leaving the latter at this point for the present, we shall return in the next chapter to study its fortunes at the hands of Lyly. The Growth of English Drama

Being, as we take it, an unmarried man, Lyly gives directions for managing a wife. The Bibliotaph and Other People

In the very first chapter we find him condemning Lyly and all writers of "conceited" language—particularly of course the Metaphysicals—with a thoroughness that a truly catholic critic ought probably to avoid. Sir Walter Scott as a Critic of Literature

Lyly himself tells us that he left Oxford for three years not long after his arrival. John Lyly

We shall then willingly set Lyly and his followers free from all blame of exaggeration and improbable inventions. The English Novel in the Time of Shakespeare

To Lyly, therefore, may be given all the credit for the discovery of the dramatic value of this simple device. The Growth of English Drama

Between Lyly on the one hand, and the grammarians on the other, the reader is almost tempted to ask if this be literature or mathematics. The Bibliotaph and Other People

The educational essays dispersed throughout the book display a good sense which even Lyly's style cannot conceal. A History of English Prose Fiction

When Lyly set out to write his novel, it seemed that his intention was to produce a most elaborate essay in antithesis. John Lyly

From the particular point of view of the historian of the English novel, Lyly with all his absurdities had yet one merit which must be taken into account. The English Novel in the Time of Shakespeare

In this play Lyly justifies himself against those who would conclude from others of his plays that he could not construct a plot. The Growth of English Drama

Lyly gained eminence by doing to a greater extent than any man a thing that was not worth doing at all. The Bibliotaph and Other People

Ascham and Lyly were alone in deprecating the excessive use of the rod, and in so doing were far in advance of the age. A History of English Prose Fiction

Nevertheless Lyly's reputation had a certain basis of fact, and we may trace the tradition back to Elizabethan days. John Lyly

Lyly takes care also to be very exact in his dates. The English Novel in the Time of Shakespeare

The well-managed contrast noticed in Damon and Pythias has no place in Lyly's arrangement of characters. The Growth of English Drama

One is more astonished at Lyly’s power of endurance as author than at his own power of endurance as reader. The Bibliotaph and Other People

In Lyly's own day it was said by Edward Blount that the nation was "in his debt for a new English which hee taught them." A History of English Prose Fiction

Lyly had, however, another Oxford contemporary who certainly took a keen interest in Spanish literature, possessing a knowledge of Castilian, though himself an Englishman. John Lyly

This period, however, was filled in a measure with the product of Lyly's brains or that of his imitators. The English Novel in the Time of Shakespeare

Lyly had a tradition of truth to help him in his conception of the crusty philosopher. The Growth of English Drama

Did Lyly not grow wearied of perpetually riding these alliterative trick-ponies? The Bibliotaph and Other People

Since then, the verdict of posterity has been that Lyly corrupted the public taste, and introduced an affected and overloaded manner of writing which had a mischievous influence upon literature. A History of English Prose Fiction

Indeed we know from other sources that in 1578, or perhaps earlier, Lyly had taken up his position at the Savoy Hospital. John Lyly

It was useless for wise minds to grumble; Lyly always found women to applaud him. The English Novel in the Time of Shakespeare

Lyly may be said to have come nearest to it, though, handicapped by a passing affectation, he could never excite the same degree of interest. The Growth of English Drama

Lyly’s style bristles with extravagances of the starched ruff sort, which only serve to call attention to the intellectual deficiencies in the matter of doublet and hose. The Bibliotaph and Other People

For many years Lyly lingered about the court waiting for a promised position to reward his labors and support his declining years. A History of English Prose Fiction

Somewhere about 1585 Fate settled once and for all the lines on which Lyly's genius was to develop, for at that time he became an assistant master at the St Paul's Choir School. John Lyly

All these authors continued their model's work in contributing to the development of literature written chiefly for ladies; in that way especially was Lyly's initiative fruitful. The English Novel in the Time of Shakespeare

Udall and Still wrote for school and college audiences; Sackville, Edwards, Hughes and their compeers presented their plays at court; so did Lyly; and it was there that The Arraignment of Paris was acted. The Growth of English Drama

Lyly knew the public for which he acted as literary caterer. The Bibliotaph and Other People

A careful examination of Lyly's work, and of the condition of the English language in the last quarter of the sixteenth century, will not sustain either of these views. A History of English Prose Fiction

Lyly's Legatees and the relation between Euphuism and the Renaissance 43Section IV. John Lyly

Like Lyly, Marlowe, and Shakespeare, Spenser felt the new delight in the pictorial and musical qualities of words, and invented new melodies and word pictures. Spenser's The Faerie Queene, Book I

Lyly's plays, acted at Court, were all performed either by 'the children of Paul's' or 'Her Majesty's children'. The Growth of English Drama

Lyly would sometimes translate a proverb; he does not tell us that fine words butter no parsnips, but says, ‘Fair words fat few,’—which is delightfully alliterative, but hardly to be accounted an improvement. The Bibliotaph and Other People

While the story is meant to attract readers, the essays and digressions introduced into the work are intended to inculcate the methods of education which Lyly taught in common with Ascham. A History of English Prose Fiction

But we are still left with the question on our hands; why was this book the most famous peninsular production of Lyly's day? John Lyly

Less under the influence of Lyly and other preceding writers than Greene, he is more natural, simple, and direct, and writes of middle-class citizens and tradesmen with a light and pleasant humour. A Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature

Fully to appreciate its greatness we have only to compare the plot with that of any preceding tragedy, or of any play by Lyly, Greene, or Peele. The Growth of English Drama

A noteworthy characteristic is the frequency of Lyly’s classical allusions. The Bibliotaph and Other People

He may or may not have taken a hint from Thackeray on the re-introduction of characters in other books—a pleasant device long antedating the nineteenth century, since one finds it in Lyly's "Euphues." Masters of the English Novel A Study of Principles and Personalities

The humanists were already developing a learned style within the native language; Lyly and his friends utilized this learned style for the creation of an aristocratic type. John Lyly

His tales are written under the influence of Lyly, whence he received from Gabriel Harvey the nickname of "Euphues' Ape." A Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature

Lyly was possibly indebted to it for the background and minor figures of certain scenes in Gallathea, and Greene may have owed something to its influence. The Growth of English Drama

But Lyly used the conventional natural history that was at hand, and troubled himself in no respect to inquire about its truth or falsity. The Bibliotaph and Other People

And, indeed, there are hints of it in Elizabethan criticism of such early attempts as those of Lyly, Nast, Lodge and others. Masters of the English Novel A Study of Principles and Personalities

But how infinitely more preferable is the novel of Lyly, with its artificial precision and lucidity, to the conscious artlessness of Sidney's Arcadia, with its interminable sentences and confused syntax. John Lyly

Euphuism, an affected bombastic style of language, so called from "Euphues," a work of Sir John Lyly's written in that style. The Nuttall Encyclopædia Being a Concise and Comprehensive Dictionary of General Knowledge

The mingle-mangle of scarcely connected incidents which did duty with Greene for a plot, the irrepressible by-play with which Lyly loved to interrupt his main story, were rejected by him. The Growth of English Drama

Excess of alliteration is the most obvious feature of Lyly’s style. The Bibliotaph and Other People

Before leaving the school of Lyly, which included a number of more or less famous writers, I may take the opportunity of mentioning two authors usually reckoned among them. Pastoral Poetry and Pastoral Drama A Literary Inquiry, with Special Reference to the Pre-Restoration Stage in England

And this is in itself sufficient to indicate the influence which Lyly's novel has exerted upon English prose. John Lyly

Lyly dedicated his Euphues to the "Ladies and Gentlewomen of England" and Sidney's Arcadia owed its vast success to its female readers. A Short History of Women's Rights From the Days of Augustus to the Present Time. with Special Reference to England and the United States. Second Edition Revised, With Additions.

A word remains to be added with regard to the 'Stage' for which Lyly and Marlowe wrote. The Growth of English Drama

The poet Drayton says that he did first reduce Our tongue from Lyly's writing, then in use, Talking of stones, stars, plants, of fishes, flies, Playing with words and idle similes. From Chaucer to Tennyson

Finally, it appears in Mr. Bond's edition of Lyly, i. p. Pastoral Poetry and Pastoral Drama A Literary Inquiry, with Special Reference to the Pre-Restoration Stage in England

Professor Raleigh's explanation of this tedious moralizing is that Lyly, wit and euphuist, possessed the Nonconformist conscience: "Beneath the courtier's slashed doublet, under his ornate brocade and frills, there stood the Puritan." John Lyly

This particular form of writing perhaps influenced those who copied Lyly more than anything else in his book. English Literature: Modern Home University Library of Modern Knowledge

Moreover, one must not forget that Lyly, whose euphuistic speech affected Shakespeare for years, had handled this same incident in his "Campaspe," where Alexander gives up his love to his rival, Apelles. The Man Shakespeare

These were young graduates of the universities, Marlowe, Greene, Peele, Kyd, Lyly, Lodge, and others, who came up to town and led a bohemian life as actors and playwrights. From Chaucer to Tennyson

Lyly's rascals are generally recognized as the direct ancestors of some of Shakespeare's comic characters, and we not seldom find in them the germ at least of the later poet's irresistible fun. Pastoral Poetry and Pastoral Drama A Literary Inquiry, with Special Reference to the Pre-Restoration Stage in England

One feels, while reading the book, that Lyly was himself conscious that his hero was an insufferable coxcomb, and that he only created him because he wished to comply with the public taste. John Lyly

In its day the Arcadia was hailed as a reformation by men nauseated by the rhythmical patterns of Lyly. English Literature: Modern Home University Library of Modern Knowledge

Lyly, who corresponds approximately to the French Voiture, created euphemism: that is, witty preciosity. Initiation into Literature

Thus, Lyly made it fantastic, Dryden simplified it, Addison gave it grace; and each leader set a fashion which was followed by a host of young writers. Outlines of English and American Literature : an Introduction to the Chief Writers of England and America, to the Books They Wrote, and to the Times in Which They Lived

At times one is almost tempted to imagine that Lyly is laughing in his sleeve, but as soon as he feels an eye upon him, his face would again do credit to a judge. Pastoral Poetry and Pastoral Drama A Literary Inquiry, with Special Reference to the Pre-Restoration Stage in England

Another position which, as Mr Bond shows, was held at one time by Lyly, was that of reader of new books to the Bishop of London. John Lyly

Lyly and Sidney are worth looking at more closely. English Literature: Modern Home University Library of Modern Knowledge

Gongora, like Lyly in England and Marini in Italy, enjoyed the fame of founding a bad school. Initiation into Literature

Then he worked with other playwrights, with Lyly and Peele perhaps, and the horrors of his Titus Andronicus are sufficient evidence of his collaboration with Marlowe. Outlines of English and American Literature : an Introduction to the Chief Writers of England and America, to the Books They Wrote, and to the Times in Which They Lived

While finding in Sidney's style the same historical importance as in Lyly's, we cannot but recognize that in itself Arcadianism was little if at all better than Euphuism. Pastoral Poetry and Pastoral Drama A Literary Inquiry, with Special Reference to the Pre-Restoration Stage in England

It is probable that the tenure of this Actor-manager-schoolmastership marks the height of Lyly's prosperity, and the inhibition of the boys' acting rights in 1591 must have meant a severe financial loss to him. John Lyly

Such comedies Lyly proceeded to write, in prose. A History of English Literature

The comic portion shows clearly the influence of Ben Jonson, and there is much to remind one of Lyly's court-comedies. A Collection of Old English Plays, Volume 3

A single selection, "Apelles' Song" by Lyly, may serve as typical of the more fantastic love lyrics: Cupid and my Campaspe played At cards for kisses; Cupid paid. Outlines of English and American Literature : an Introduction to the Chief Writers of England and America, to the Books They Wrote, and to the Times in Which They Lived

A notable feature of the play, on the other hand, are the songs, which are in some cases of rare excellence, and certain of which bear a resemblance to those found in Lyly's plays. Pastoral Poetry and Pastoral Drama A Literary Inquiry, with Special Reference to the Pre-Restoration Stage in England

This probably implies a false estimate of Lyly's comparative merits as a novelist and as a dramatist. John Lyly

Lodge's 'Rosalynde,' also much influenced by Lyly, is in itself a pretty story and is noteworthy as the original of Shakspere's 'As You Like It.' A History of English Literature

The only other plays known to have been represented by the Chapel Children are Lyly's Love's Metamorphosis and the three Comical Satires of Ben Jonson. A Collection of Old English Plays, Volume 3

What are the merits of Lyly's dialogue and comedy? Halleck's New English Literature

The very marked Euphuism of the prose portions, combined with some lyrical merit, makes the composition worth notice, and has led to its ascription to the pen of Lyly himself. Pastoral Poetry and Pastoral Drama A Literary Inquiry, with Special Reference to the Pre-Restoration Stage in England

And yet at times Lyly could use his clumsy weapon with great precision and effect. John Lyly

From 'Euphues' Lyly turned to the still more promising work of writing comedies for the Court entertainments with which Queen Elizabeth was extremely lavish. A History of English Literature

Finally, the regular playwrights, Kyd, Nash, Lyly, Peele, Greene, and Marlowe, brought the English drama to the point where Shakespeare began to experiment upon it. English Literature Its History and Its Significance for the Life of the English Speaking World

We have seen that Lyly's Euphues and Sidney's Arcadia contain the germs of romance. Halleck's New English Literature

Reprinted in 1882 by A. H. Bullen in the first volume of his Old English Plays, and more recently by R. W. Bond in his edition of Lyly. Pastoral Poetry and Pastoral Drama A Literary Inquiry, with Special Reference to the Pre-Restoration Stage in England

Lyly and his Oxford clique were attempting a revolution similar to that undertaken, at the same period, by Ronsard and his Pleiad. John Lyly

The character of Lyly's plays was largely determined by the light and spectacular nature of these entertainments, and further by the fact that on most occasions the players at Court were boys. A History of English Literature

It was made popular by Lyly's success, and was imitated in Shakespeare's first or "Lylian" comedies, such as Love's Labour's Lost, and the complicated Two Gentlemen of Verona. English Literature Its History and Its Significance for the Life of the English Speaking World

Much of Lyly's subject matter is borrowed, and his form reflects the artificial style then popular over Europe. Halleck's New English Literature

Nor do I believe that Lyly was in any way concerned in the piece, though some scenes are evident imitations of his work. Pastoral Poetry and Pastoral Drama A Literary Inquiry, with Special Reference to the Pre-Restoration Stage in England

Spenser has been called the poet's poet, Lyly was in his own days the playwright's dramatist. John Lyly

The subjects are from classical mythology or history or English folk-lore, into which Lyly sometimes weaves an allegorical presentation of court intrigue. A History of English Literature

Lyly, by the way, did not invent the style, but did more than any other to diffuse it. English Literature Its History and Its Significance for the Life of the English Speaking World

We are nearly certain that Shakespeare studied Lyly's Euphues, because we can trace the influence of that work in his style. Halleck's New English Literature

Two other plays of Lyly's appear at first sight to present pastoral features. Pastoral Poetry and Pastoral Drama A Literary Inquiry, with Special Reference to the Pre-Restoration Stage in England

Nowhere, again, in Lyly's plays are the motives inadequate to support the action, as they were in the majority of dramas previous to 1580. John Lyly

Preposterous by any reasonable standard, Lyly's style, 'Euphuism,' precisely hit the Court taste of his age and became for a decade its most approved conversational dialect. A History of English Literature

Against these were the popular playwrights, Lyly, Peele, Greene, Marlowe, and many others, who recognized the English love of action and disregarded the dramatic unities in their endeavor to present life as it is. English Literature Its History and Its Significance for the Life of the English Speaking World

Lyly aimed to produce artistic prose, which would render his meaning clear and impressive. Halleck's New English Literature

I am aware that attempts have been made to find evidence of Italian influence in Lyly, but of this later. Pastoral Poetry and Pastoral Drama A Literary Inquiry, with Special Reference to the Pre-Restoration Stage in England

As I have previously pointed out, Lyly was not very successful in the matter of character drawing. John Lyly

The chief dramatists of the whole sixty years of the great period may be conveniently grouped as follows: I. Shakspere's early contemporaries, about 1580 to about 1593: Lyly, Peele, Greene, Kyd, Marlowe. A History of English Literature

The extracts are much fuller, many being taken from modern writers, notably Robert Greene, Lyly, Warner, and Sir Philip Sidney. An English Garner Critical Essays & Literary Fragments

Lyly wrote eight comedies, all but one in prose. Halleck's New English Literature

The names, as is usual with Lyly, except in the case of comic characters, are classical. Pastoral Poetry and Pastoral Drama A Literary Inquiry, with Special Reference to the Pre-Restoration Stage in England

Shakespeare might almost be said to be a combination of Marlowe and Lyly plus that indefinable something which made him the greatest writer of all time. John Lyly

As an example of the high degree of excellence attained by eloquence, he cites Lyly's Euphues. Rhetoric and Poetry in the Renaissance A Study of Rhetorical Terms in English Renaissance Literary Criticism

The publication of the first part of Lyly's Euphues and of Spenser's Shepherd's Calendar in 1579 may be said to have initiated the golden age of our literature. An English Garner Critical Essays & Literary Fragments

Unlike Lyly, Sidney did not aim at precision, emphatic contrast, and balance. Halleck's New English Literature

I have elsewhere alluded to the theory of Italian pastoral influence in Lyly. Pastoral Poetry and Pastoral Drama A Literary Inquiry, with Special Reference to the Pre-Restoration Stage in England

In connexion with Lyly's influence the question of the exact nature of his dramatic productions is worth a moment's consideration. John Lyly

Thus rhetoric is considered merely as style; and the implication seems to be that the poets who would improve their style might well imitate Lyly. Rhetoric and Poetry in the Renaissance A Study of Rhetorical Terms in English Renaissance Literary Criticism

The subject, since Lyly’s and Dryden’s days, has hardly attracted the attention of the poets. Proserpine and Midas

Some of the greatest lyrics of the period are the songs interspersed in the plays of the dramatists, from Lyly to Beaumont and Fletcher. Halleck's New English Literature

It is full of the glittering conceits and the fluent rhetoric which the ready talent of Lyly had just brought into currency. English literary criticism

It is interesting however as it again brings out the peculiarity of Lyly's position. John Lyly

In his Euphues Lyly did use such "allegories" in what his contemporaries generally considered a poem. Rhetoric and Poetry in the Renaissance A Study of Rhetorical Terms in English Renaissance Literary Criticism

Sackville has strutted into obscurity; and even Lyly, though his writings were once the delight of a court, and apparently perpetuated by a proverb, is now scarcely known even by name. The Sketch-Book of Geoffrey Crayon

It is doubtful whether Shakespeare could have produced such good early comedies, if he had not received suggestions from Lyly's work in this field. Halleck's New English Literature

With Lyly the English novel came into being, but that child of his genius was not without ancestry or relations. John Lyly

He was a friend of Lyly's at Oxford; they dedicated their books to the same patron, and they employed the same publisher. John Lyly

In the renaissance this same tendency appears in Guevara, for instance, and in Lyly. Rhetoric and Poetry in the Renaissance A Study of Rhetorical Terms in English Renaissance Literary Criticism

Our first task is therefore to enquire what this spell was, and to discover whether the attraction of Euphues must be ascribed to Lyly's own invention or to artifices which he borrows from others. John Lyly

Lyly's Euphues suffers from overwrought conceits and forced antitheses, but it influenced writers to pay more attention to the manner in which thought was expressed. Halleck's New English Literature

Beside the vogue of Waller, for example, the duration of Lyly's reputation was comparatively brief. John Lyly

The dawn of the modern epoch, the age of prose and of the novel, is, on the other hand, connected with the names of Lyly, Sidney, and Nash. John Lyly

The mainspring of Lyly's popularity was that he did in prose what Waller did in poetry. John Lyly

The upholders of the Spanish theory have contented themselves with stating that Lyly borrowed from Guevara, and pointing out the parallels between the two writers. John Lyly

For his knowledge of bees, Lyly consulted classical authors in preference to watching the insects. Halleck's New English Literature

The conclusion is forced upon us therefore that Watson and Lyly went to the same source, or, if a knowledge of Italian cannot be granted to our author, that he borrowed from Watson. John Lyly

Guevara, however, was but one among many previous writers to whom Lyly owed obligations. John Lyly

And, as if Lyly wished to leave no doubt as to his aims and methods, he gives at the conclusion of his book that interesting description of Elizabethan England entitled A glasse for Europe. John Lyly

Let us first see how Lyly himself came to tread this same pathway. John Lyly

He and the pages form an underplot of farce, upon which Lyly improved in his later plays, bringing it also more into connexion with the main plot. John Lyly

We cannot wonder that Endymion attracted Shakespeare, for it is the most "romantic" of all Lyly's plays. John Lyly

With the instinct, almost, of a religious reformer, Lyly saw that to succeed he must enlist the ladies on his side. John Lyly

No one, reading the Petite Pleasure, can doubt that Pettie was the real creator of euphuism in its fullest development, and that Lyly was only an imitator. John Lyly

It was Lyly who made euphuism famous and therefore a power; and, despite the fact that he marks the culmination of the movement, he is the most dynamical of all the euphuists. John Lyly

Lyly failed in prose, where Ronsard succeeded in poetry, because he endeavoured to go back upon tradition, while the Frenchman worked strictly within its limits. John Lyly

The age of Lyly was far more complex than ours, with all our artistic sects and schisms; the currents of literary influence were multitudinous and extremely involved. John Lyly

And here again we must reassert the significance of Lyly's appeal to women. John Lyly

And yet, as we remarked of Lyly's prose, a book which received so many editions cannot have been entirely without effect upon the minds of its readers and upon the literature of the age. John Lyly

The problem stated—Sketch of Lyly's life 1 CHAPTER I. Euphuism 10 Section I. The Anatomy of Euphuism 13Section II. John Lyly

Lyly's most natural and most usual method of emphasizing is by means of simple alliteration. John Lyly

Lyly makes use of it when he wishes to portray his characters in distress or excitement, and it most frequently occurs in soliloquies. John Lyly

It is however in Lyly's treatment of the subject of love that the change is most conspicuous. John Lyly

Latimer also employs the responsive method so frequently used by Lyly. John Lyly

There is much of the Scholastic in Lyly, and the exuberance of ornament, the fantastic similes from natural history, and the moral lessons deduced from them, are quite mediaeval in feeling. John Lyly

In accordance with his desire for precision, Lyly made frequent use of the short sentence. John Lyly

Lyly, with the instinct of a born conversationalist, realised that prose was the only possible dress for comedy that should seek to represent contemporary life. John Lyly

It would seem that between Edwardes and Lyly there was no room for another link, so closely does the one follow the other; and yet one more play must be mentioned to complete the series. John Lyly

But the page element by no means represents Lyly's only attempt at creating an underplot. John Lyly

But we can claim more for Lyly than this. John Lyly

It now remains to say a few words upon Mother Bombie, which forms the fourth division of Lyly's dramatic writings. John Lyly

But it is as a writer of the lyric proper that Lyly is best known. John Lyly

Lyly draws nearer to the conception of ideal comedy. John Lyly

Such are the main characteristics of Lyly's dramatic genius. John Lyly

In Lyly's day drama had not yet been differentiated from masque, and his plays, therefore, partook of the nature of both. John Lyly

Lyly's work therefore never advanced very far in the direction of the masque, though in its complimentary allegories it had much in common with it. John Lyly

Lyly had not yet passed the stage of creating types, that is of portraying one aspect and an obvious one of such a complex thing as human nature. John Lyly

At this point of our enquiry it will be as well to say a few words upon the lyrics which Lyly sprinkled broadcast over his plays. John Lyly

It is noticeable that for one who was afterwards to become a writer of comedy, Lyly shows a remarkable absence of humour in these novels. John Lyly

Wit, as Lyly here understood it, had nothing of the risible in it; for it meant to him little more than a graceful handling of obvious themes. John Lyly

This change is first expressed by Lyly in his second novel and later in his dramas. John Lyly

It would be well however at this juncture to recapitulate, and in part to expand those remarks, in order to show more clearly how Lyly's dramatic bent was formed. John Lyly

Lyly's mind was in all probability altogether of too superficial a nature for a sympathetic analysis of the human soul. John Lyly

Seats of learning, as we shall see presently, had long before the days of Lyly favoured the comic muse, and Oxford was no exception to this rule. John Lyly

This, in brief outline, is the history of our comedy down to the time when Lyly took it in hand; or should we not rather say "an introduction to the history of our comedy"? John Lyly

And the experiment was so successful that I am inclined to attribute the pre-eminence of Lyly among other euphuists to this fact alone. John Lyly

The second part of Euphues and the first of Lyly's comedies are as closely connected psychologically and aesthetically, as they were in point of time. John Lyly

At times however Lyly can dispense with such adventitious aids. John Lyly

Lyly, as we said, made use of his mastership for the production of his plays, but Lyly was by no means the first schoolmaster-dramatist. John Lyly

In the days of Elizabeth this realisation began to dawn in men's minds; but it was Lyly who first expressed it in literature, in his novel and then in his dramas. John Lyly

Concerning the order of Lyly's plays there is, as we have seen, some difference of opinion. John Lyly

In their characterization, Lyly's plays do little more than form a link between Shakespeare and the old morality. John Lyly

Repeated attempts, however, have been made to capture our language, and to transport it into aristocratic atmospheres; and of these attempts the first is associated with the name of Lyly. John Lyly

Thus we have those groups of pages, of maids-in-waiting, of shepherds, of deities, etc., which are so characteristic of Lyly's plays. John Lyly

We can see Lyly feeling towards this solution of the problem in his portrayal of Gunophilus, the clown of The Woman in the Moon. John Lyly

Ben Jonson on the other hand—perhaps more than any other Lyly's spiritual heir—wrote nearly all his comedies in prose. John Lyly

The fifty years which lie between Heywood and Lyly saw considerable progress, but progress of a negative rather than a constructive nature, and moreover progress which came in fits and starts, and not continuously. John Lyly

Lyly's work does not exhibit quite such modernity as this, but we may truthfully say that his Euphues and his England is the psychological novel in germ. John Lyly

In the choice of his subject Lyly shows at once that he is an artist with a feeling for beauty, even if he seldom rises to its sublimities. John Lyly

Lyly was a beginner, and his fault lay in attempting too much. John Lyly

In addition to the romantic elements above described, we have here also that page-prattle which is so characteristic of all Lyly's plays. John Lyly

When Lyly commenced his career, she had been on the throne for twenty years, in itself a wonderful fact to those who could remember the gloom which had surrounded her accession. John Lyly

The painter Apelles, whose name seemed almost to obsess Lyly in his novel, is one of the chief characters of Campaspe, and the dialogue is more decidedly euphuistic than any other play. John Lyly

Here if anywhere Lyly reached the poetical plane. John Lyly

As a man of fashion Lyly was nothing if not up to date. John Lyly

This delightful song comes from the first of Lyly's dramas, and few even of Shakespeare's lyrics can equal it. John Lyly

Lyly could lay claim to none of these, but his contribution was perhaps of more importance still. John Lyly

The absence of all allegory from Campaspe shows that Lyly had broken with the morality: and we seem therefore to be going back, when two years later we have an allegorical play from his pen. John Lyly

Even as late as 1632 Blount exclaims, "This poet sat at the sunne's table," words referring perhaps more especially to Lyly's poetical faculty, but much truer if interpreted as an allusion to his wit. John Lyly

And yet for the scientific critic Lyly's work is still alive with significance. John Lyly

In this sense if in no other, in the sense that he held, for the first time, a polished mirror before contemporary life and manners, Lyly must be called the first of English novelists. John Lyly

It may be, as M. Jusserand asserts, that Lyly anticipated Richardson, but, if the light-hearted Oxford madcap had any qualities in common with the sedate bookseller, artistic sincerity was not one of them. John Lyly

But in reality there is no retrogression; for with Lyly allegory is not an ethical instrument. John Lyly

But in addition to this there are contributions of Lyly's own invention to the theory of teaching which are not without merit. John Lyly

Two years only elapsed between their respective publications, but in these two years Lyly, and with him our novel, had made great strides. John Lyly

Lyly unconsciously symbolizes the change he initiated by laying the scene of his first part in Italy, while in the second he brings his hero to England. John Lyly

Mr Bond suggests that the general attention which the Anatomy secured by its attacks upon women gave Lyly the idea for the second part. John Lyly

In an audience thus susceptible to innuendo Lyly saw his opportunity. John Lyly

Lyly failed to realise the possibilities of this antagonism of character, because he always appears to be in sympathy with his hero, and so misses an opportunity which would have delighted the heart of Thackeray. John Lyly

The figures, again, that move in Lyly's second novel are no longer clothes filled with moral sawdust. John Lyly

Lyly, Congreve, Sheridan, were all men of fashion first and writers of comedy after. John Lyly

Camilla is the lady who moves under varied names through all Lyly's plays. John Lyly

His love in fact is presented as a kind of caricature of Endymion's, and he is the laughing-stock of a number of pages who gambol and play pranks after the usual manner of Lyly's boys. John Lyly

In Lyly, it is worth noticing, England has her first professional dramatist. John Lyly

And in this Lyly is not so satisfactory, though, of course, far in advance of his predecessors. John Lyly

"Alexander, the great conqueror of the world," says Lyly with his hand upon his heart, "only interests me as a lover." John Lyly

These urchins, full of mischief and delighting in quips, were probably borrowed from Edwardes, but Lyly made them all his own; and one can understand how naturally their parts would be played by his boy-actors. John Lyly

Gabriel Harvey, who nursed a grudge against Lyly, even speaks of "horning, gaming, fooling and knaving," words which convey a distinct sense of something discreditable, whatever may be their exact significance. John Lyly

Leaving the question of dramatic construction and characterization for a more general treatment later, we now pass on to the consideration of Lyly's allegorical plays. John Lyly

The well-known speech of Oberon to Puck, directing him to gather the "little western flower," is to all intents and purposes a beautiful condensation of Lyly's allegory. John Lyly

And yet it should be pointed out that this distinction between Lyly's allegorical and pastoral plays is more apparent than real. John Lyly

These are, of course, unequal in merit, but the best are worthy to be ranked with Shakespeare's lyrics, and our greatest dramatist was only following Lyly's example when he introduced lyrics into his plays. John Lyly

Indeed, until fifty years ago, Lyly spelt nothing but euphuism, and euphuism meant simply nonsense, clothed in bombast. John Lyly

Doubts, indeed, have been cast upon Lyly's authorship of these lyrics on the ground that they are omitted from the first edition of the plays. John Lyly

But Lyly also attempts to create single figures, in addition to these group characters which for the most part have little to do with the action. John Lyly

On the whole Lyly is most successful when he is drawing women, which was only as it should be, if we allow that the feminine element is the very pivot of true comedy. John Lyly

And it is not fanciful I think to see in Lyly's pointed dialogue, tinged with euphuism, the forerunner of Congreve's sparkling conversation and of the epigrammatic writing of our modern English playwrights. John Lyly

It can scarcely be said that Lyly has yet been thoroughly appreciated as a novelist; indeed, the whole subject of the Elizabethan novel is very far from having received a satisfactory treatment at present. John Lyly

Lyly had made a thorough study of such classics as were available in his day, and we have seen how he employed them in his novel and in his plays. John Lyly

Lyly had nothing in common with the spirit of his old friend Gabriel Harvey, whom indeed he laughed at. John Lyly

单词	Lyly
例句	Lyly Her mum, Lyly, got together with a new partner and life at home became a little more chaotic: parties at night, arguments among the family. ‘Intimate terrorism’: how an abusive relationship led a young woman to kill her partner 2019-10-31T04:00:00Z The Court of Appeal heard she suffered repeated physical and emotional abuse, which was never evaluated during the original trial, Lyly Maughan said. ‘My daughter had PTSD when she killed her partner’ 2019-12-04T05:00:00Z Lyly Mangoto Bukolo, a woman from the Democratic Republic of the Congo, sifted through an envelope of documents in her purse and held out a letter from a community health center. Protest Roils Jolie and Hague’s Sexual Assault Conference In comedy the development had been earlier and more rapid than in tragedy, and had already in Peele and Lyly reached the stage of dexterous expression and varied innovation. Tragedy 2012-01-31T03:00:19.343Z Lyly delighted his readers with unexpected quips and quiddities, with a fantastic display of rhetoric; he showed, as no one had before him, the possible flexibility of English prose. Essays on Modern Novelists 2011-11-22T03:00:10.817Z Lyly was a master of the art, and the ladies of the court committed his sentences in great numbers, that they might shine in society. The World's Best Books : A Key to the Treasures of Literature 2011-10-20T02:00:20.857Z Probably Lyly seemed innocuous enough at first, with his modest desire to lie shut in a lady's casket rather than open in a scholar's library. Great Ralegh 2011-08-16T02:00:43.100Z Lyly again is careful to divide his plays into five acts. A Book About the Theater 2011-07-21T02:00:23.843Z The recent Clarendon Press editions of Greene, Lyly, Kyd supply careful texts and full introductions. Tragedy 2012-01-31T03:00:19.343Z Today we still read the work of the initiators, Lyly, Greene, Kyd. Dramatic Technique 2011-07-04T02:00:19.763Z He published an edition of the dramatic works of Lyly in 1856. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 10, Slice 2 "Fairbanks, Erastus" to "Fens" 2011-06-19T02:00:16.580Z Of Euphues with his instructive letters and sound moral tone Sir Charles Grandison is the direct descendant: Richardson owed as much to Lyly, as Defoe to Thomas Nash or Fielding to Defoe. Great Ralegh 2011-08-16T02:00:43.100Z Marlowe, Kyd, Greene, Lyly, Nash, Lodge, and Peele all helped to prepare the way. The New Gresham Encyclopedia Volume 4, Part 1: Deposition to Eberswalde 2011-04-14T02:00:57.977Z When the practice was going out of fashion we find it thus severely stigmatized by Michael Drayton, a poet who had little sympathy with the artificial refinement of Lyly. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 9, Slice 8 "Ethiopia" to "Evangelical Association" 2011-03-05T03:00:24.537Z He has very little in common with Marlowe, Greene, and Peele, and still less with the charming Dresden china of Lyly. Philip Massinger 2011-02-25T03:01:15.270Z Euphuism, of which Lyly was only the patentee, not the inventor, strikes partly back to the Spaniard Guevara, and was a model for some years to many followers like Lodge and Greene. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 9, Slice 6 "English Language" to "Epsom Salts" 2011-02-19T03:00:59.807Z Among English writers who have made the most abundant use of antithesis are Pope, Young, Johnson, and Gibbon; and especially Lyly in his Euphues. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 2, Slice 2 "Anjar" to "Apollo" Note the probable influence of the English writer, Lyly. Woman's Club Work and Programs First Aid to Club Women At all events no one can doubt that it was Lyly who concentrated the peculiarities of mannerism, and who gave to it the stamp of his own remarkable talent. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 9, Slice 8 "Ethiopia" to "Evangelical Association" 2011-03-05T03:00:24.537Z Let the common herd then shriek themselves hoarse at Lyly's door: it is shut fast, he will hear nothing, and is indifferent even if among this common herd Shakespeare figures. The English Novel in the Time of Shakespeare The nascent drama of genius can be found in the “University wits,” who flourished Drama. between 1580 and 1595, and the chief of whom are Lyly, Kyd, Peele, Greene and Marlowe. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 9, Slice 6 "English Language" to "Epsom Salts" 2011-02-19T03:00:59.807Z We have of course more of Harvey's; we have laments from others, such as Lyly and Googe, about their disappointments as courtiers; we have a good deal of State correspondence. A Letter Book Selected with an Introduction on the History and Art of Letter-Writing "Well, you went the way to hang All three of them," cried Lyly, "and, as for Ben, His Trinidado goes to bed with him." Collected Poems Volume Two Lyly adopted this word as the name of the hero of his romance, and it is with him that the vogue of Euphuism began. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 9, Slice 8 "Ethiopia" to "Evangelical Association" 2011-03-05T03:00:24.537Z It must be acknowledged that Lyly's success, if it is no commendation of the taste of his contemporaries, is greatly to the credit of their morality and earnestness. The English Novel in the Time of Shakespeare The verse of comedy waited for Greene, and its prose for Lyly. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 9, Slice 6 "English Language" to "Epsom Salts" 2011-02-19T03:00:59.807Z Those who have to teach literature impress the importance, and try to impress the interest, of Lyly on students and readers, and they do right. Sir Walter Scott Famous Scots Series So in Lyly's Euphues: "Philantus went into the fields to walk there, either to digest his choler, or chew upon his melancholy." The New Hudson Shakespeare: Julius Cæsar The sun shineth upon the dunghill, and is not corrupted.—Lyly: Familiar Quotations A Collection of Passages, Phrases, and Proverbs Traced to Their Sources in Ancient and Modern Literature Here Lyly is at his best, and neither Richardson nor Rousseau spoke better on this point, which is one of their favourite subjects. The English Novel in the Time of Shakespeare Lyly's lyrical work, however, is fairly well known, and more than one collection of "Songs from the Dramatists" has popularised others. A History of Elizabethan Literature Some of it is written in a loose, swinging couplet, some in quatrains, some in blank verse, some in the choice, picked prose made the fashion by Lyly. William Shakespeare William Lyly, an Oxford student who had studied in the East, was his first high master. Bell's Cathedrals: The Cathedral Church of Saint Paul An Account of the Old and New Buildings with a Short Historical Sketch Let the falling out of friends be a renewing of affection.—Lyly: Familiar Quotations A Collection of Passages, Phrases, and Proverbs Traced to Their Sources in Ancient and Modern Literature English gentlewomen are prodigies of wisdom and beauty; and indeed that is the least Lyly can say of them, since it is for them that he is writing. The English Novel in the Time of Shakespeare In imaginative and miscellaneous literature the fantastic extravagances of Lyly seemed as though they might have an evil effect. A History of Elizabethan Literature Shakespeare’s early comedies disclose a like relationship between him and Lyly. A Life of William Shakespeare with portraits and facsimiles To Lyly's memory his son George, Prebendary of Cantlers, also placed a tablet in the nave above. Bell's Cathedrals: The Cathedral Church of Saint Paul An Account of the Old and New Buildings with a Short Historical Sketch Lyly in his new position made good use of his chance, and wrote plays for his young scholars to act, drilling them himself, and perhaps frequently appearing personally on the stage. John Lyly By his defects and his merits, his wisdom, his gracefulness and also his bad style, Lyly could not fail to please. The English Novel in the Time of Shakespeare The men of letters like Lyly and Nash are not nearly serious enough, though some exception may be made for Nash, especially if Pasquil's Apology be his. A History of Elizabethan Literature Three-fourths of Lyly’s comedies lightly revolve about topics of classical or fairy mythology—in the very manner which Shakespeare first brought to a triumphant issue in his ‘Midsummer Night’s Dream.’ A Life of William Shakespeare with portraits and facsimiles Not only was Lyly the proprietor of the theatre, but he attempted to supply it with the necessary plays. Shakespearean Playhouses A History of English Theatres from the Beginnings to the Restoration And yet Lyly owed a great debt to Guevara. John Lyly This description is followed, as in Lyly, by a proper antidote, and with a number of rules to be observed by all the honest people who desire to escape the wiles of the feminine sex. The English Novel in the Time of Shakespeare It thus comes nearest to Lyly, but is altogether a more dramatic, livelier, and less conceited performance than anything by the author of Euphues. A History of Elizabethan Literature No. cxlv. is a playful lyric in p. 98octosyllabics, like Lyly’s song of ‘Cupid and Campaspe,’ and its tone has close affinity to that and other of Lyly’s songs. A Life of William Shakespeare with portraits and facsimiles Since 1584, when Lyly was forced to give up his playhouse, they had not presented a play at Court. Shakespearean Playhouses A History of English Theatres from the Beginnings to the Restoration The weariness, which the modern reader feels for the romance of Lyly, is due rather to the excessive quantity of its metaphor, which was the fault of the age, than to its pedantic style. John Lyly He had, therefore, many rivals and imitators who were thus only second-hand disciples of Lyly. The English Novel in the Time of Shakespeare Indeed Lyly's vocabulary, except occasionally in his similes, is decidedly vernacular, and he very commonly mingles extremely homely words with his highest flights. A History of Elizabethan Literature But Lyly's contribution should not be defined merely by this type of drama, original as it is in its departure from medieval or classical precedents. The Facts About Shakespeare Evans, who had managed the Boys under Hunnis, Oxford, and Lyly, hoped now to reëstablish the Children of the Chapel at Blackfriars as they had been in his younger days. Shakespearean Playhouses A History of English Theatres from the Beginnings to the Restoration Moreover, in aiming at elegance and precision, Lyly attained a lucidity almost unequalled among his contemporaries. John Lyly Again, he was connected with the Greene and Lyly group by the pleasure he felt in composing imaginary letters. The English Novel in the Time of Shakespeare Many efforts have been made to discover some model for Lyly's oddities. A History of Elizabethan Literature The union of this romance with comedy on the stage began in two ways, and principally under the innovation of two writers, Lyly and Greene. The Facts About Shakespeare Meanwhile the dramatic organization at Blackfriars continued under the direction of Hunnis, Evans, and Lyly, with the Earl of Oxford as patron. Shakespearean Playhouses A History of English Theatres from the Beginnings to the Restoration And again, while Lyly's claims as a novelist are acknowledged on all hands, I felt that a clear statement of his exact position in the history of our novel was still needed. John Lyly Lyly might shake with envy without having however the right to complain, for Sidney did not imitate him. The English Novel in the Time of Shakespeare With Nash alone, of the University Wits proper, was Lyly connected, and this only problematically. A History of Elizabethan Literature The early deaths of Greene and Marlowe and the retirement of Lyly left Shakespeare the heir of their inventions. The Facts About Shakespeare He banished Lyly, Hunnis, Evans, and the Children from the "great upper hall," and reconverted the building into tenements. Shakespearean Playhouses A History of English Theatres from the Beginnings to the Restoration Finally, inasmuch as the personality of an author is always more fascinating to me than his writings, I determined to attempt to throw some light, however fitful and uncertain, upon the man Lyly himself. John Lyly But his own style is scarcely less artificial than that of Lyly, and consequently, its rules are quite as easy to discover. The English Novel in the Time of Shakespeare Lyly's theatre represents, in short, a mere backwater in the general stream of dramatic progress, though not a few allusions in other men's work show us that it attracted no small attention. A History of Elizabethan Literature Pastoral elements are found in many early entertainments and in the plays of Lyly and Peele. The Facts About Shakespeare Unfortunately under Lyly's leadership the Boys became involved in the bitter Martin Marprelate controversy, for which they were suppressed near the end of 1590. Shakespearean Playhouses A History of English Theatres from the Beginnings to the Restoration Lyly's enthronement was of short duration—a matter of some ten years—but, while it lasted, he reigned supreme. John Lyly Lyly's "Euphues," for example, went through five editions in five years; in the same period "Hamlet" passed through only three, and "Romeo and Juliet" through two editions. The English Novel in the Time of Shakespeare Michael Drayton, in some verse complimentary to Sidney, stigmatises not much too strongly Lyly's prevailing faults, and attributes to the hero of Zutphen the purification of England from euphuism. A History of Elizabethan Literature He notes with discrimination that Shakespeare learned his art in an earlier day, but far outshone Kyd, Lyly, and Marlowe. The Facts About Shakespeare These are now, however, clearly perceived to be the work of a much riper pen, that, namely, of Lyly. The Vnfortunate Traveller, or The Life Of Jack Wilton With An Essay On The Life And Writings Of Thomas Nash By Edmund Gosse Waller and Lyly were of the latter class. John Lyly Unfortunately for Lyly, what formerly constituted the attraction of "Euphues," and hid the sermon's bitterness, makes it to-day ridiculous and even odious: it is the style. The English Novel in the Time of Shakespeare Lyly stands a good deal apart from them personally, despite his close literary connection. A History of Elizabethan Literature In taking this position Lyly is said to be only following Ascham. The Bibliotaph and Other People The poet Drayton says that he "did first reduce Our tongue from Lyly's writing, then in use, Talking of stones, stars, plants, of fishes, flies, Playing with words and idle similes." Brief History of English and American Literature Lyly, however, was not concerned with making philosophical generalizations, or scientific laws, about the world in general. John Lyly Euphues is a young Athenian, a contemporary not of Pericles, but of Lyly, who goes to Naples, thence to England, to study men and governments. The English Novel in the Time of Shakespeare In noticing Euphues an account has already been given of Lyly's life, or rather of the very scanty particulars which are known of it. A History of Elizabethan Literature Greene learned this trick from Lyly, who was a master of the art. The Bibliotaph and Other People These were young graduates of the universities, Marlowe, Greene, Peele, Kyd, Lyly, Lodge, and others, who came up to town and led a Bohemian life as actors and playwrights. Brief History of English and American Literature These are the three chief points of interest about Lyly, but they do not exhaust the problems he presents. John Lyly This lightness of tone, however, did exist nevertheless, and those who assumed it were not slow to embellish their speeches with flowers from Lyly's paper garden. The English Novel in the Time of Shakespeare The peculiar circumstances of the production of Lyly's plays, and the strong or at any rate decided individuality of the author, keep them in a division almost to themselves. A History of Elizabethan Literature Whether Lyly got his style from Pettie or Guevara is an important question, but he made it emphatically his own, and it will never be called by any other name than Euphuism. The Bibliotaph and Other People Its euphemisms in reality have no baser intent than the euphuisms of Lyly, Ben Jonson, or Shakespeare. Unwritten Literature of Hawaii The Sacred Songs of the Hula Lyly's enforced absence he holds was due to the plague which broke out at Oxford at this time. John Lyly High praise is rendered by the editor to Lyly, who "was a great refiner of the English tongue in those days." The English Novel in the Time of Shakespeare But Lyly's work generally has more of the masque than the play. A History of Elizabethan Literature It commands respect in no small degree, because Lyly was able to keep it up so long. The Bibliotaph and Other People And then the two went off into the splendid fantastic nonsense that the wits loved to talk; that grotesque, exaggerated phrasing made fashionable by Lyly. By What Authority? Neglect of the recognised studies, however, was not the only blot upon Lyly's Oxford life. John Lyly He rivalled Greene, but did not imitate him, being himself a direct legatee of Lyly. The English Novel in the Time of Shakespeare Lyly himself exhibits both styles in Euphues; and if Pap with a Hatchet and An Almond for a Parrot are rightly attributed to him, still more in these. A History of Elizabethan Literature Lyly’s genius was the opposite of this; it consisted in the faculty of transforming everybody into a reduplication of himself. The Bibliotaph and Other People Lyly says—"Thou need no more send for a fidler to a feast, than a beggar to a fair." Shakespeare and Music With Illustrations from the Music of the 16th and 17th centuries This connexion with the censorship of the day is interesting, as showing how Lyly was drawn into the whirlpool of the Marprelate controversy. John Lyly So much for the continuation of Lyly's fame. The English Novel in the Time of Shakespeare But they are not in the true sense dramatic, and are constantly spoilt by Lyly's strange weakness for conceited style. A History of Elizabethan Literature But in Lyly’s novel there is not even an attempt at the most rudimentary ventriloquism. The Bibliotaph and Other People Lodge was the son of a Lord Mayor of London, and was a contemporary at Oxford with Sidney, Gosson, Chapman, Lyly, Peele and Watson. Elizabethan Sonnet Cycles Phillis - Licia Had Euphues been a still-born child of Lyly's genius, had it produced no effect upon the literature of the age, it would possess nothing but a purely archaeological interest for us to-day. John Lyly His love pamphlets, which filled the greatest part of his literary career, connect him with the euphuistic cycle, and he is assuredly one of Lyly's legatees. The English Novel in the Time of Shakespeare The seven men were Lyly, Greene, Peele, Nash, Lodge, Kyd and Marlowe—named not in chronological sequence but in the order of their discussion in these pages. The Growth of English Drama Lest he should be thought to speak with uncertain voice upon this matter Lyly gives Euphues a story to tell in which the chief character describes the effect of traveling upon himself. The Bibliotaph and Other People Her attention was as keen when she was framing a letter to the Grand Turk securing trade privileges to London or Bristol, as when she listened to the graceful flatteries of Spenser or Lyly. Days of the Discoverers While, as I have said, Lyly's name is associated with the novel by most modern critics, it has earned a more widespread reputation among the laity for affectation and mannerisms of style. John Lyly Possessing a much greater fertility of invention than Lyly, he follows as closely as the original bent of his mind allows him, the manner of his master. The English Novel in the Time of Shakespeare The prose, adopted from Lyly's 'servants' and 'pages', not from his courtly 'goddesses', is clear and vigorous. The Growth of English Drama In the paragraphs relating to the queen, Lyly grows positively eloquent. The Bibliotaph and Other People He had been the guest of a friend at the acting of Master Lyly's new masque by the Children of the Chapel at Gray's Inn. Days of the Discoverers Before, however, leaving the subject entirely, we must mention two more characteristics of Lyly's prose which are very noticeable, but which come under the head of ornamental, rather than constructional, devices. John Lyly In this too, like his master Lyly, he may be considered a precursor of Richardson. The English Novel in the Time of Shakespeare The plot of Mother Bombie must be briefly sketched because it is the only one in which Lyly dispenses with the aid of classical tradition and mythology and attempts a Comedy of Intrigue. The Growth of English Drama Perhaps Lyly intended to condemn traveling with character unformed. The Bibliotaph and Other People They sometimes acted in plays written for them by Lyly and others, and sometimes in the popular dramas of the day. Days of the Discoverers In point of fact, however, the euphuists shared it with many other writers of their age, though it is doubtful whether anyone carried it to such extravagant lengths as Lyly. John Lyly As for foreign women, Greene agrees with Lyly that they all paint their faces, and cannot live without a lover. The English Novel in the Time of Shakespeare Great as was the advance made by Lyly and Greene in Comedy, the advance made by Kyd and Marlowe in Tragedy was greater. The Growth of English Drama If the only definition of pedantry be ‘vain and ostentatious display of learning,’ I question if we may dismiss Lyly’s wealth of classical lore with the word ‘pedantry.’ The Bibliotaph and Other People He was always averse to affectation, literary or otherwise, and in Elegy viij deliberately condemns Lyly's fantastic style. Minor Poems of Michael Drayton This was Hakluyt, who must have been known to Lyly; and for the following reason. John Lyly But Greene's style marked him most indelibly as a pupil of Lyly. The English Novel in the Time of Shakespeare Foremost of all will stand the crowded medley of his plots, filling the stage with an amount of incident and action which is in striking contrast to Lyly's conversations and monologues. The Growth of English Drama If Lyly had set out with the end in view of constructing a story by putting into it alone ‘what is not life,’ his product would have been what we find it now. The Bibliotaph and Other People Lyly's was the first conspicuous example in English of the attempt to achieve an ornate and rather fantastic style. Rosalynde or, Euphues' Golden Legacy It seems highly improbable, therefore, that Lyly and Hakluyt possessing these common friends could have remained unknown to each other at Oxford. John Lyly But there was still more than this, and like Lyly, Sidney had direct imitators who copied him in prose, and tried to fashion novels after his model. The English Novel in the Time of Shakespeare Unlike Lyly, Robert Greene is the dramatizer of actions rather than speeches. The Growth of English Drama Lyly was twenty-six years when he first published. The Bibliotaph and Other People It was the last book of any importance to employ the style that Lyly had made so popular. Rosalynde or, Euphues' Golden Legacy And moreover Gosson's style does not read like an imitation of Lyly. John Lyly The woman he loves resembles the bird called "Kalander," or again, the animal called "cockatrice" or "cocodrille," which is often mentioned by Lyly. The English Novel in the Time of Shakespeare Leaving the latter at this point for the present, we shall return in the next chapter to study its fortunes at the hands of Lyly. The Growth of English Drama Being, as we take it, an unmarried man, Lyly gives directions for managing a wife. The Bibliotaph and Other People In the very first chapter we find him condemning Lyly and all writers of "conceited" language—particularly of course the Metaphysicals—with a thoroughness that a truly catholic critic ought probably to avoid. Sir Walter Scott as a Critic of Literature Lyly himself tells us that he left Oxford for three years not long after his arrival. John Lyly We shall then willingly set Lyly and his followers free from all blame of exaggeration and improbable inventions. The English Novel in the Time of Shakespeare To Lyly, therefore, may be given all the credit for the discovery of the dramatic value of this simple device. The Growth of English Drama Between Lyly on the one hand, and the grammarians on the other, the reader is almost tempted to ask if this be literature or mathematics. The Bibliotaph and Other People The educational essays dispersed throughout the book display a good sense which even Lyly's style cannot conceal. A History of English Prose Fiction When Lyly set out to write his novel, it seemed that his intention was to produce a most elaborate essay in antithesis. John Lyly From the particular point of view of the historian of the English novel, Lyly with all his absurdities had yet one merit which must be taken into account. The English Novel in the Time of Shakespeare In this play Lyly justifies himself against those who would conclude from others of his plays that he could not construct a plot. The Growth of English Drama Lyly gained eminence by doing to a greater extent than any man a thing that was not worth doing at all. The Bibliotaph and Other People Ascham and Lyly were alone in deprecating the excessive use of the rod, and in so doing were far in advance of the age. A History of English Prose Fiction Nevertheless Lyly's reputation had a certain basis of fact, and we may trace the tradition back to Elizabethan days. John Lyly Lyly takes care also to be very exact in his dates. The English Novel in the Time of Shakespeare The well-managed contrast noticed in Damon and Pythias has no place in Lyly's arrangement of characters. The Growth of English Drama One is more astonished at Lyly’s power of endurance as author than at his own power of endurance as reader. The Bibliotaph and Other People In Lyly's own day it was said by Edward Blount that the nation was "in his debt for a new English which hee taught them." A History of English Prose Fiction Lyly had, however, another Oxford contemporary who certainly took a keen interest in Spanish literature, possessing a knowledge of Castilian, though himself an Englishman. John Lyly This period, however, was filled in a measure with the product of Lyly's brains or that of his imitators. The English Novel in the Time of Shakespeare Lyly had a tradition of truth to help him in his conception of the crusty philosopher. The Growth of English Drama Did Lyly not grow wearied of perpetually riding these alliterative trick-ponies? The Bibliotaph and Other People Since then, the verdict of posterity has been that Lyly corrupted the public taste, and introduced an affected and overloaded manner of writing which had a mischievous influence upon literature. A History of English Prose Fiction Indeed we know from other sources that in 1578, or perhaps earlier, Lyly had taken up his position at the Savoy Hospital. John Lyly It was useless for wise minds to grumble; Lyly always found women to applaud him. The English Novel in the Time of Shakespeare Lyly may be said to have come nearest to it, though, handicapped by a passing affectation, he could never excite the same degree of interest. The Growth of English Drama Lyly’s style bristles with extravagances of the starched ruff sort, which only serve to call attention to the intellectual deficiencies in the matter of doublet and hose. The Bibliotaph and Other People For many years Lyly lingered about the court waiting for a promised position to reward his labors and support his declining years. A History of English Prose Fiction Somewhere about 1585 Fate settled once and for all the lines on which Lyly's genius was to develop, for at that time he became an assistant master at the St Paul's Choir School. John Lyly All these authors continued their model's work in contributing to the development of literature written chiefly for ladies; in that way especially was Lyly's initiative fruitful. The English Novel in the Time of Shakespeare Udall and Still wrote for school and college audiences; Sackville, Edwards, Hughes and their compeers presented their plays at court; so did Lyly; and it was there that The Arraignment of Paris was acted. The Growth of English Drama Lyly knew the public for which he acted as literary caterer. The Bibliotaph and Other People A careful examination of Lyly's work, and of the condition of the English language in the last quarter of the sixteenth century, will not sustain either of these views. A History of English Prose Fiction Lyly's Legatees and the relation between Euphuism and the Renaissance 43Section IV. John Lyly Like Lyly, Marlowe, and Shakespeare, Spenser felt the new delight in the pictorial and musical qualities of words, and invented new melodies and word pictures. Spenser's The Faerie Queene, Book I Lyly's plays, acted at Court, were all performed either by 'the children of Paul's' or 'Her Majesty's children'. The Growth of English Drama Lyly would sometimes translate a proverb; he does not tell us that fine words butter no parsnips, but says, ‘Fair words fat few,’—which is delightfully alliterative, but hardly to be accounted an improvement. The Bibliotaph and Other People While the story is meant to attract readers, the essays and digressions introduced into the work are intended to inculcate the methods of education which Lyly taught in common with Ascham. A History of English Prose Fiction But we are still left with the question on our hands; why was this book the most famous peninsular production of Lyly's day? John Lyly Less under the influence of Lyly and other preceding writers than Greene, he is more natural, simple, and direct, and writes of middle-class citizens and tradesmen with a light and pleasant humour. A Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature Fully to appreciate its greatness we have only to compare the plot with that of any preceding tragedy, or of any play by Lyly, Greene, or Peele. The Growth of English Drama A noteworthy characteristic is the frequency of Lyly’s classical allusions. The Bibliotaph and Other People He may or may not have taken a hint from Thackeray on the re-introduction of characters in other books—a pleasant device long antedating the nineteenth century, since one finds it in Lyly's "Euphues." Masters of the English Novel A Study of Principles and Personalities The humanists were already developing a learned style within the native language; Lyly and his friends utilized this learned style for the creation of an aristocratic type. John Lyly His tales are written under the influence of Lyly, whence he received from Gabriel Harvey the nickname of "Euphues' Ape." A Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature Lyly was possibly indebted to it for the background and minor figures of certain scenes in Gallathea, and Greene may have owed something to its influence. The Growth of English Drama But Lyly used the conventional natural history that was at hand, and troubled himself in no respect to inquire about its truth or falsity. The Bibliotaph and Other People And, indeed, there are hints of it in Elizabethan criticism of such early attempts as those of Lyly, Nast, Lodge and others. Masters of the English Novel A Study of Principles and Personalities But how infinitely more preferable is the novel of Lyly, with its artificial precision and lucidity, to the conscious artlessness of Sidney's Arcadia, with its interminable sentences and confused syntax. John Lyly Euphuism, an affected bombastic style of language, so called from "Euphues," a work of Sir John Lyly's written in that style. The Nuttall Encyclopædia Being a Concise and Comprehensive Dictionary of General Knowledge The mingle-mangle of scarcely connected incidents which did duty with Greene for a plot, the irrepressible by-play with which Lyly loved to interrupt his main story, were rejected by him. The Growth of English Drama Excess of alliteration is the most obvious feature of Lyly’s style. The Bibliotaph and Other People Before leaving the school of Lyly, which included a number of more or less famous writers, I may take the opportunity of mentioning two authors usually reckoned among them. Pastoral Poetry and Pastoral Drama A Literary Inquiry, with Special Reference to the Pre-Restoration Stage in England And this is in itself sufficient to indicate the influence which Lyly's novel has exerted upon English prose. John Lyly Lyly dedicated his Euphues to the "Ladies and Gentlewomen of England" and Sidney's Arcadia owed its vast success to its female readers. A Short History of Women's Rights From the Days of Augustus to the Present Time. with Special Reference to England and the United States. Second Edition Revised, With Additions. A word remains to be added with regard to the 'Stage' for which Lyly and Marlowe wrote. The Growth of English Drama The poet Drayton says that he did first reduce Our tongue from Lyly's writing, then in use, Talking of stones, stars, plants, of fishes, flies, Playing with words and idle similes. From Chaucer to Tennyson Finally, it appears in Mr. Bond's edition of Lyly, i. p. Pastoral Poetry and Pastoral Drama A Literary Inquiry, with Special Reference to the Pre-Restoration Stage in England Professor Raleigh's explanation of this tedious moralizing is that Lyly, wit and euphuist, possessed the Nonconformist conscience: "Beneath the courtier's slashed doublet, under his ornate brocade and frills, there stood the Puritan." John Lyly This particular form of writing perhaps influenced those who copied Lyly more than anything else in his book. English Literature: Modern Home University Library of Modern Knowledge Moreover, one must not forget that Lyly, whose euphuistic speech affected Shakespeare for years, had handled this same incident in his "Campaspe," where Alexander gives up his love to his rival, Apelles. The Man Shakespeare These were young graduates of the universities, Marlowe, Greene, Peele, Kyd, Lyly, Lodge, and others, who came up to town and led a bohemian life as actors and playwrights. From Chaucer to Tennyson Lyly's rascals are generally recognized as the direct ancestors of some of Shakespeare's comic characters, and we not seldom find in them the germ at least of the later poet's irresistible fun. Pastoral Poetry and Pastoral Drama A Literary Inquiry, with Special Reference to the Pre-Restoration Stage in England One feels, while reading the book, that Lyly was himself conscious that his hero was an insufferable coxcomb, and that he only created him because he wished to comply with the public taste. John Lyly In its day the Arcadia was hailed as a reformation by men nauseated by the rhythmical patterns of Lyly. English Literature: Modern Home University Library of Modern Knowledge Lyly, who corresponds approximately to the French Voiture, created euphemism: that is, witty preciosity. Initiation into Literature Thus, Lyly made it fantastic, Dryden simplified it, Addison gave it grace; and each leader set a fashion which was followed by a host of young writers. Outlines of English and American Literature : an Introduction to the Chief Writers of England and America, to the Books They Wrote, and to the Times in Which They Lived At times one is almost tempted to imagine that Lyly is laughing in his sleeve, but as soon as he feels an eye upon him, his face would again do credit to a judge. Pastoral Poetry and Pastoral Drama A Literary Inquiry, with Special Reference to the Pre-Restoration Stage in England Another position which, as Mr Bond shows, was held at one time by Lyly, was that of reader of new books to the Bishop of London. John Lyly Lyly and Sidney are worth looking at more closely. English Literature: Modern Home University Library of Modern Knowledge Gongora, like Lyly in England and Marini in Italy, enjoyed the fame of founding a bad school. Initiation into Literature Then he worked with other playwrights, with Lyly and Peele perhaps, and the horrors of his Titus Andronicus are sufficient evidence of his collaboration with Marlowe. Outlines of English and American Literature : an Introduction to the Chief Writers of England and America, to the Books They Wrote, and to the Times in Which They Lived While finding in Sidney's style the same historical importance as in Lyly's, we cannot but recognize that in itself Arcadianism was little if at all better than Euphuism. Pastoral Poetry and Pastoral Drama A Literary Inquiry, with Special Reference to the Pre-Restoration Stage in England It is probable that the tenure of this Actor-manager-schoolmastership marks the height of Lyly's prosperity, and the inhibition of the boys' acting rights in 1591 must have meant a severe financial loss to him. John Lyly Such comedies Lyly proceeded to write, in prose. A History of English Literature The comic portion shows clearly the influence of Ben Jonson, and there is much to remind one of Lyly's court-comedies. A Collection of Old English Plays, Volume 3 A single selection, "Apelles' Song" by Lyly, may serve as typical of the more fantastic love lyrics: Cupid and my Campaspe played At cards for kisses; Cupid paid. Outlines of English and American Literature : an Introduction to the Chief Writers of England and America, to the Books They Wrote, and to the Times in Which They Lived A notable feature of the play, on the other hand, are the songs, which are in some cases of rare excellence, and certain of which bear a resemblance to those found in Lyly's plays. Pastoral Poetry and Pastoral Drama A Literary Inquiry, with Special Reference to the Pre-Restoration Stage in England This probably implies a false estimate of Lyly's comparative merits as a novelist and as a dramatist. John Lyly Lodge's 'Rosalynde,' also much influenced by Lyly, is in itself a pretty story and is noteworthy as the original of Shakspere's 'As You Like It.' A History of English Literature The only other plays known to have been represented by the Chapel Children are Lyly's Love's Metamorphosis and the three Comical Satires of Ben Jonson. A Collection of Old English Plays, Volume 3 What are the merits of Lyly's dialogue and comedy? Halleck's New English Literature The very marked Euphuism of the prose portions, combined with some lyrical merit, makes the composition worth notice, and has led to its ascription to the pen of Lyly himself. Pastoral Poetry and Pastoral Drama A Literary Inquiry, with Special Reference to the Pre-Restoration Stage in England And yet at times Lyly could use his clumsy weapon with great precision and effect. John Lyly From 'Euphues' Lyly turned to the still more promising work of writing comedies for the Court entertainments with which Queen Elizabeth was extremely lavish. A History of English Literature Finally, the regular playwrights, Kyd, Nash, Lyly, Peele, Greene, and Marlowe, brought the English drama to the point where Shakespeare began to experiment upon it. English Literature Its History and Its Significance for the Life of the English Speaking World We have seen that Lyly's Euphues and Sidney's Arcadia contain the germs of romance. Halleck's New English Literature Reprinted in 1882 by A. H. Bullen in the first volume of his Old English Plays, and more recently by R. W. Bond in his edition of Lyly. Pastoral Poetry and Pastoral Drama A Literary Inquiry, with Special Reference to the Pre-Restoration Stage in England Lyly and his Oxford clique were attempting a revolution similar to that undertaken, at the same period, by Ronsard and his Pleiad. John Lyly The character of Lyly's plays was largely determined by the light and spectacular nature of these entertainments, and further by the fact that on most occasions the players at Court were boys. A History of English Literature It was made popular by Lyly's success, and was imitated in Shakespeare's first or "Lylian" comedies, such as Love's Labour's Lost, and the complicated Two Gentlemen of Verona. English Literature Its History and Its Significance for the Life of the English Speaking World Much of Lyly's subject matter is borrowed, and his form reflects the artificial style then popular over Europe. Halleck's New English Literature Nor do I believe that Lyly was in any way concerned in the piece, though some scenes are evident imitations of his work. Pastoral Poetry and Pastoral Drama A Literary Inquiry, with Special Reference to the Pre-Restoration Stage in England Spenser has been called the poet's poet, Lyly was in his own days the playwright's dramatist. John Lyly The subjects are from classical mythology or history or English folk-lore, into which Lyly sometimes weaves an allegorical presentation of court intrigue. A History of English Literature Lyly, by the way, did not invent the style, but did more than any other to diffuse it. English Literature Its History and Its Significance for the Life of the English Speaking World We are nearly certain that Shakespeare studied Lyly's Euphues, because we can trace the influence of that work in his style. Halleck's New English Literature Two other plays of Lyly's appear at first sight to present pastoral features. Pastoral Poetry and Pastoral Drama A Literary Inquiry, with Special Reference to the Pre-Restoration Stage in England Nowhere, again, in Lyly's plays are the motives inadequate to support the action, as they were in the majority of dramas previous to 1580. John Lyly Preposterous by any reasonable standard, Lyly's style, 'Euphuism,' precisely hit the Court taste of his age and became for a decade its most approved conversational dialect. A History of English Literature Against these were the popular playwrights, Lyly, Peele, Greene, Marlowe, and many others, who recognized the English love of action and disregarded the dramatic unities in their endeavor to present life as it is. English Literature Its History and Its Significance for the Life of the English Speaking World Lyly aimed to produce artistic prose, which would render his meaning clear and impressive. Halleck's New English Literature I am aware that attempts have been made to find evidence of Italian influence in Lyly, but of this later. Pastoral Poetry and Pastoral Drama A Literary Inquiry, with Special Reference to the Pre-Restoration Stage in England As I have previously pointed out, Lyly was not very successful in the matter of character drawing. John Lyly The chief dramatists of the whole sixty years of the great period may be conveniently grouped as follows: I. Shakspere's early contemporaries, about 1580 to about 1593: Lyly, Peele, Greene, Kyd, Marlowe. A History of English Literature The extracts are much fuller, many being taken from modern writers, notably Robert Greene, Lyly, Warner, and Sir Philip Sidney. An English Garner Critical Essays & Literary Fragments Lyly wrote eight comedies, all but one in prose. Halleck's New English Literature The names, as is usual with Lyly, except in the case of comic characters, are classical. Pastoral Poetry and Pastoral Drama A Literary Inquiry, with Special Reference to the Pre-Restoration Stage in England Shakespeare might almost be said to be a combination of Marlowe and Lyly plus that indefinable something which made him the greatest writer of all time. John Lyly As an example of the high degree of excellence attained by eloquence, he cites Lyly's Euphues. Rhetoric and Poetry in the Renaissance A Study of Rhetorical Terms in English Renaissance Literary Criticism The publication of the first part of Lyly's Euphues and of Spenser's Shepherd's Calendar in 1579 may be said to have initiated the golden age of our literature. An English Garner Critical Essays & Literary Fragments Unlike Lyly, Sidney did not aim at precision, emphatic contrast, and balance. Halleck's New English Literature I have elsewhere alluded to the theory of Italian pastoral influence in Lyly. Pastoral Poetry and Pastoral Drama A Literary Inquiry, with Special Reference to the Pre-Restoration Stage in England In connexion with Lyly's influence the question of the exact nature of his dramatic productions is worth a moment's consideration. John Lyly Thus rhetoric is considered merely as style; and the implication seems to be that the poets who would improve their style might well imitate Lyly. Rhetoric and Poetry in the Renaissance A Study of Rhetorical Terms in English Renaissance Literary Criticism The subject, since Lyly’s and Dryden’s days, has hardly attracted the attention of the poets. Proserpine and Midas Some of the greatest lyrics of the period are the songs interspersed in the plays of the dramatists, from Lyly to Beaumont and Fletcher. Halleck's New English Literature It is full of the glittering conceits and the fluent rhetoric which the ready talent of Lyly had just brought into currency. English literary criticism It is interesting however as it again brings out the peculiarity of Lyly's position. John Lyly In his Euphues Lyly did use such "allegories" in what his contemporaries generally considered a poem. Rhetoric and Poetry in the Renaissance A Study of Rhetorical Terms in English Renaissance Literary Criticism Sackville has strutted into obscurity; and even Lyly, though his writings were once the delight of a court, and apparently perpetuated by a proverb, is now scarcely known even by name. The Sketch-Book of Geoffrey Crayon It is doubtful whether Shakespeare could have produced such good early comedies, if he had not received suggestions from Lyly's work in this field. Halleck's New English Literature With Lyly the English novel came into being, but that child of his genius was not without ancestry or relations. John Lyly He was a friend of Lyly's at Oxford; they dedicated their books to the same patron, and they employed the same publisher. John Lyly In the renaissance this same tendency appears in Guevara, for instance, and in Lyly. Rhetoric and Poetry in the Renaissance A Study of Rhetorical Terms in English Renaissance Literary Criticism Our first task is therefore to enquire what this spell was, and to discover whether the attraction of Euphues must be ascribed to Lyly's own invention or to artifices which he borrows from others. John Lyly Lyly's Euphues suffers from overwrought conceits and forced antitheses, but it influenced writers to pay more attention to the manner in which thought was expressed. Halleck's New English Literature Beside the vogue of Waller, for example, the duration of Lyly's reputation was comparatively brief. John Lyly The dawn of the modern epoch, the age of prose and of the novel, is, on the other hand, connected with the names of Lyly, Sidney, and Nash. John Lyly The mainspring of Lyly's popularity was that he did in prose what Waller did in poetry. John Lyly The upholders of the Spanish theory have contented themselves with stating that Lyly borrowed from Guevara, and pointing out the parallels between the two writers. John Lyly For his knowledge of bees, Lyly consulted classical authors in preference to watching the insects. Halleck's New English Literature The conclusion is forced upon us therefore that Watson and Lyly went to the same source, or, if a knowledge of Italian cannot be granted to our author, that he borrowed from Watson. John Lyly Guevara, however, was but one among many previous writers to whom Lyly owed obligations. John Lyly And, as if Lyly wished to leave no doubt as to his aims and methods, he gives at the conclusion of his book that interesting description of Elizabethan England entitled A glasse for Europe. John Lyly Let us first see how Lyly himself came to tread this same pathway. John Lyly He and the pages form an underplot of farce, upon which Lyly improved in his later plays, bringing it also more into connexion with the main plot. John Lyly We cannot wonder that Endymion attracted Shakespeare, for it is the most "romantic" of all Lyly's plays. John Lyly With the instinct, almost, of a religious reformer, Lyly saw that to succeed he must enlist the ladies on his side. John Lyly No one, reading the Petite Pleasure, can doubt that Pettie was the real creator of euphuism in its fullest development, and that Lyly was only an imitator. John Lyly It was Lyly who made euphuism famous and therefore a power; and, despite the fact that he marks the culmination of the movement, he is the most dynamical of all the euphuists. John Lyly Lyly failed in prose, where Ronsard succeeded in poetry, because he endeavoured to go back upon tradition, while the Frenchman worked strictly within its limits. John Lyly The age of Lyly was far more complex than ours, with all our artistic sects and schisms; the currents of literary influence were multitudinous and extremely involved. John Lyly And here again we must reassert the significance of Lyly's appeal to women. John Lyly And yet, as we remarked of Lyly's prose, a book which received so many editions cannot have been entirely without effect upon the minds of its readers and upon the literature of the age. John Lyly The problem stated—Sketch of Lyly's life 1 CHAPTER I. Euphuism 10 Section I. The Anatomy of Euphuism 13Section II. John Lyly Lyly's most natural and most usual method of emphasizing is by means of simple alliteration. John Lyly Lyly makes use of it when he wishes to portray his characters in distress or excitement, and it most frequently occurs in soliloquies. John Lyly It is however in Lyly's treatment of the subject of love that the change is most conspicuous. John Lyly Latimer also employs the responsive method so frequently used by Lyly. John Lyly There is much of the Scholastic in Lyly, and the exuberance of ornament, the fantastic similes from natural history, and the moral lessons deduced from them, are quite mediaeval in feeling. John Lyly In accordance with his desire for precision, Lyly made frequent use of the short sentence. John Lyly Lyly, with the instinct of a born conversationalist, realised that prose was the only possible dress for comedy that should seek to represent contemporary life. John Lyly It would seem that between Edwardes and Lyly there was no room for another link, so closely does the one follow the other; and yet one more play must be mentioned to complete the series. John Lyly But the page element by no means represents Lyly's only attempt at creating an underplot. John Lyly But we can claim more for Lyly than this. John Lyly It now remains to say a few words upon Mother Bombie, which forms the fourth division of Lyly's dramatic writings. John Lyly But it is as a writer of the lyric proper that Lyly is best known. John Lyly Lyly draws nearer to the conception of ideal comedy. John Lyly Such are the main characteristics of Lyly's dramatic genius. John Lyly In Lyly's day drama had not yet been differentiated from masque, and his plays, therefore, partook of the nature of both. John Lyly Lyly's work therefore never advanced very far in the direction of the masque, though in its complimentary allegories it had much in common with it. John Lyly Lyly had not yet passed the stage of creating types, that is of portraying one aspect and an obvious one of such a complex thing as human nature. John Lyly At this point of our enquiry it will be as well to say a few words upon the lyrics which Lyly sprinkled broadcast over his plays. John Lyly It is noticeable that for one who was afterwards to become a writer of comedy, Lyly shows a remarkable absence of humour in these novels. John Lyly Wit, as Lyly here understood it, had nothing of the risible in it; for it meant to him little more than a graceful handling of obvious themes. John Lyly This change is first expressed by Lyly in his second novel and later in his dramas. John Lyly It would be well however at this juncture to recapitulate, and in part to expand those remarks, in order to show more clearly how Lyly's dramatic bent was formed. John Lyly Lyly's mind was in all probability altogether of too superficial a nature for a sympathetic analysis of the human soul. John Lyly Seats of learning, as we shall see presently, had long before the days of Lyly favoured the comic muse, and Oxford was no exception to this rule. John Lyly This, in brief outline, is the history of our comedy down to the time when Lyly took it in hand; or should we not rather say "an introduction to the history of our comedy"? John Lyly And the experiment was so successful that I am inclined to attribute the pre-eminence of Lyly among other euphuists to this fact alone. John Lyly The second part of Euphues and the first of Lyly's comedies are as closely connected psychologically and aesthetically, as they were in point of time. John Lyly At times however Lyly can dispense with such adventitious aids. John Lyly Lyly, as we said, made use of his mastership for the production of his plays, but Lyly was by no means the first schoolmaster-dramatist. John Lyly In the days of Elizabeth this realisation began to dawn in men's minds; but it was Lyly who first expressed it in literature, in his novel and then in his dramas. John Lyly Concerning the order of Lyly's plays there is, as we have seen, some difference of opinion. John Lyly In their characterization, Lyly's plays do little more than form a link between Shakespeare and the old morality. John Lyly Repeated attempts, however, have been made to capture our language, and to transport it into aristocratic atmospheres; and of these attempts the first is associated with the name of Lyly. John Lyly Thus we have those groups of pages, of maids-in-waiting, of shepherds, of deities, etc., which are so characteristic of Lyly's plays. John Lyly We can see Lyly feeling towards this solution of the problem in his portrayal of Gunophilus, the clown of The Woman in the Moon. John Lyly Ben Jonson on the other hand—perhaps more than any other Lyly's spiritual heir—wrote nearly all his comedies in prose. John Lyly The fifty years which lie between Heywood and Lyly saw considerable progress, but progress of a negative rather than a constructive nature, and moreover progress which came in fits and starts, and not continuously. John Lyly Lyly's work does not exhibit quite such modernity as this, but we may truthfully say that his Euphues and his England is the psychological novel in germ. John Lyly In the choice of his subject Lyly shows at once that he is an artist with a feeling for beauty, even if he seldom rises to its sublimities. John Lyly Lyly was a beginner, and his fault lay in attempting too much. John Lyly In addition to the romantic elements above described, we have here also that page-prattle which is so characteristic of all Lyly's plays. John Lyly When Lyly commenced his career, she had been on the throne for twenty years, in itself a wonderful fact to those who could remember the gloom which had surrounded her accession. John Lyly The painter Apelles, whose name seemed almost to obsess Lyly in his novel, is one of the chief characters of Campaspe, and the dialogue is more decidedly euphuistic than any other play. John Lyly Here if anywhere Lyly reached the poetical plane. John Lyly As a man of fashion Lyly was nothing if not up to date. John Lyly This delightful song comes from the first of Lyly's dramas, and few even of Shakespeare's lyrics can equal it. John Lyly Lyly could lay claim to none of these, but his contribution was perhaps of more importance still. John Lyly The absence of all allegory from Campaspe shows that Lyly had broken with the morality: and we seem therefore to be going back, when two years later we have an allegorical play from his pen. John Lyly Even as late as 1632 Blount exclaims, "This poet sat at the sunne's table," words referring perhaps more especially to Lyly's poetical faculty, but much truer if interpreted as an allusion to his wit. John Lyly And yet for the scientific critic Lyly's work is still alive with significance. John Lyly In this sense if in no other, in the sense that he held, for the first time, a polished mirror before contemporary life and manners, Lyly must be called the first of English novelists. John Lyly It may be, as M. Jusserand asserts, that Lyly anticipated Richardson, but, if the light-hearted Oxford madcap had any qualities in common with the sedate bookseller, artistic sincerity was not one of them. John Lyly But in reality there is no retrogression; for with Lyly allegory is not an ethical instrument. John Lyly But in addition to this there are contributions of Lyly's own invention to the theory of teaching which are not without merit. John Lyly Two years only elapsed between their respective publications, but in these two years Lyly, and with him our novel, had made great strides. John Lyly Lyly unconsciously symbolizes the change he initiated by laying the scene of his first part in Italy, while in the second he brings his hero to England. John Lyly Mr Bond suggests that the general attention which the Anatomy secured by its attacks upon women gave Lyly the idea for the second part. John Lyly In an audience thus susceptible to innuendo Lyly saw his opportunity. John Lyly Lyly failed to realise the possibilities of this antagonism of character, because he always appears to be in sympathy with his hero, and so misses an opportunity which would have delighted the heart of Thackeray. John Lyly The figures, again, that move in Lyly's second novel are no longer clothes filled with moral sawdust. John Lyly Lyly, Congreve, Sheridan, were all men of fashion first and writers of comedy after. John Lyly Camilla is the lady who moves under varied names through all Lyly's plays. John Lyly His love in fact is presented as a kind of caricature of Endymion's, and he is the laughing-stock of a number of pages who gambol and play pranks after the usual manner of Lyly's boys. John Lyly In Lyly, it is worth noticing, England has her first professional dramatist. John Lyly And in this Lyly is not so satisfactory, though, of course, far in advance of his predecessors. John Lyly "Alexander, the great conqueror of the world," says Lyly with his hand upon his heart, "only interests me as a lover." John Lyly These urchins, full of mischief and delighting in quips, were probably borrowed from Edwardes, but Lyly made them all his own; and one can understand how naturally their parts would be played by his boy-actors. John Lyly Gabriel Harvey, who nursed a grudge against Lyly, even speaks of "horning, gaming, fooling and knaving," words which convey a distinct sense of something discreditable, whatever may be their exact significance. John Lyly Leaving the question of dramatic construction and characterization for a more general treatment later, we now pass on to the consideration of Lyly's allegorical plays. John Lyly The well-known speech of Oberon to Puck, directing him to gather the "little western flower," is to all intents and purposes a beautiful condensation of Lyly's allegory. John Lyly And yet it should be pointed out that this distinction between Lyly's allegorical and pastoral plays is more apparent than real. John Lyly These are, of course, unequal in merit, but the best are worthy to be ranked with Shakespeare's lyrics, and our greatest dramatist was only following Lyly's example when he introduced lyrics into his plays. John Lyly Indeed, until fifty years ago, Lyly spelt nothing but euphuism, and euphuism meant simply nonsense, clothed in bombast. John Lyly Doubts, indeed, have been cast upon Lyly's authorship of these lyrics on the ground that they are omitted from the first edition of the plays. John Lyly But Lyly also attempts to create single figures, in addition to these group characters which for the most part have little to do with the action. John Lyly On the whole Lyly is most successful when he is drawing women, which was only as it should be, if we allow that the feminine element is the very pivot of true comedy. John Lyly And it is not fanciful I think to see in Lyly's pointed dialogue, tinged with euphuism, the forerunner of Congreve's sparkling conversation and of the epigrammatic writing of our modern English playwrights. John Lyly It can scarcely be said that Lyly has yet been thoroughly appreciated as a novelist; indeed, the whole subject of the Elizabethan novel is very far from having received a satisfactory treatment at present. John Lyly Lyly had made a thorough study of such classics as were available in his day, and we have seen how he employed them in his novel and in his plays. John Lyly Lyly had nothing in common with the spirit of his old friend Gabriel Harvey, whom indeed he laughed at. John Lyly
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