| 单词 | Kirchhoff |
| 例句 | The excellent children’s chorus, prepared by chorusmaster Beth Kirchhoff, is surprisingly affecting as they emerge in a stupor from the Witch’s candied domain — giving opera fans a truly heartwarming finale. At Seattle Opera, a fun and feisty trip through the woods with ‘Hansel and Gretel’ 2016-10-17T04:00:00Z Porter suggests a faux-fur multicoloured design from London design duo Meadham Kirchhoff but, even though the series is filmed in the spring, episode eight's outfit is yet to be revealed. How The Great British Bake Off's Mary Berry is cooking up a fashion storm 2012-09-30T19:30:02Z “There is no idea of personal freedom or personal style anymore,” Mr. Kirchhoff said. At Men’s Fashion Week in London, a Changing of the Guard. 2012-06-20T20:43:03Z The set at the Meadham Kirchhoff show was a pointer to the collection. Special Report: Creating a 3-D Geometry 2010-02-22T18:30:00Z One peek at the Meadham Kirchhoff set, with its arches of pastel pink, baby blue and yellow balloons, told you where the design duo of Edward Meadham and Benjamin Kirchhoff had put their hearts. Special Report: Fashion: Mary Katrantzou, as London?s Summer 2012 Shows End 2011-09-20T18:00:53Z There were great presentations with varying degrees of inventiveness from Jonathan Saunders and the quirky design team of Meadham Kirchhoff, labels that are quickly expanding beyond the boundaries of London. At Men’s Fashion Week in London, a Changing of the Guard. 2012-06-20T20:43:03Z Next Thing: To grow her niche market, Ms. Kirchhoff plans to use her photography and D.J. skills to create short online films about Disco Cubes. She Makes Fancy Ice Cubes for a Living 2018-04-09T04:00:00Z Yet “Toward a Concrete Utopia” offers an oblique coda to this age of construction through an excerpt from “A Hole in the Head,” a 2016 documentary film by the Slovak director Robert Kirchhoff. When Yugoslavia’s Bright Future Was Fashioned in Concrete 2018-07-19T04:00:00Z Edward Meadham and Benjamin Kirchhoff hacked into fashion’s pretentiousness, but their humor was not all farce. Fashion Review: Young Designers Lead the Way at London Fashion Shows - Fashion Review 2011-09-21T17:58:26Z The experience was enhanced by the superb quality of Dean Williamson's orchestra and Beth Kirchhoff's chorus. Review: Seattle Opera's 'Barber' really cuts it 2011-01-17T21:39:14Z “I got really bored of this pseudo gentlemanly dress code,” said the designer Ben Kirchhoff. On the Runway Blog: In London, the Ones That Stand Out 2012-06-18T14:13:43Z "Individuals are primarily focused on changing what they can control: their own behaviors," said Elphin Tom Joe, paper co-author and doctoral student at Penn State who works with Kirchhoff. Adapting to climate change: Individuals take action while governments plan 2023-10-24T04:00:00Z Kirchhoff’s family had to be evacuated by boat. Here’s what worries engineers the most about U.S. infrastructure 2023-07-17T04:00:00Z All hot bodies emit light, and a universal principle known as Kirchhoff’s law of thermal radiation states that reciprocal materials in equilibrium must absorb and emit thermal radiation at the same rate. Engineered Metamaterials Can Trick Light and Sound into Mind-Bending Behavior 2022-11-18T05:00:00Z Kirchhoff’s rules, special applications of the laws of conservation of charge and energy, can be used to analyze it. College Physics for AP Courses 2015-08-12T00:00:00Z In 1860, German physicist Gustav Kirchhoff became the first person to use spectroscopy to identify an element in the Sun when he found the spectral signature of sodium gas. Astronomy 2016-10-13T00:00:00Z Even in high-resource countries with governments leading planning efforts or providing financial support for adaptations, Kirchhoff said, implementation still falls primarily to individuals. Adapting to climate change: Individuals take action while governments plan 2023-10-24T04:00:00Z As an associate professor of civil and environmental engineering at Pennsylvania State University, Kirchhoff spent a lot of time thinking about water even before it swallowed her family’s livelihood. Here’s what worries engineers the most about U.S. infrastructure 2023-07-17T04:00:00Z Kirchhoff’s voltage rule states that the sum of the voltage drops around any closed loop must be zero. Calculus, Volume 3 2016-03-30T00:00:00Z Explanations of the two rules will now be given, followed by problem-solving hints for applying Kirchhoff’s rules, and a worked example that uses them. College Physics for AP Courses 2015-08-12T00:00:00Z Kirchhoff’s Loop Rule states that the sum of the voltage drops across resistors, inductors, and capacitors is equal to the total electromotive force in a closed circuit. Calculus, Vol 2 2016-03-30T00:00:00Z "We see impacts of climate change across the globe, and a lot of those impacts are disproportionately felt by communities or individuals who are already overburdened," Kirchhoff said. Adapting to climate change: Individuals take action while governments plan 2023-10-24T04:00:00Z “Everyone is paying whether they know it or not,” Kirchhoff says. Here’s what worries engineers the most about U.S. infrastructure 2023-07-17T04:00:00Z It’s the Palace Theater, a home for Broadway shows that was designed by the architectural firm Kirchhoff & Rose in the Beaux-Arts style. How a 7,000-Ton Broadway Theater Was Hoisted 30 Feet 2022-05-28T04:00:00Z The diagram shows an example of Kirchhoff’s first rule where the sum of the currents into a junction equals the sum of the currents out of a junction. College Physics for AP Courses 2015-08-12T00:00:00Z Applying Kirchhoff’s Loop Rule to this circuit, we let E denote the electromotive force supplied by the voltage generator. Calculus, Vol 2 2016-03-30T00:00:00Z In a blog post, product manager Drew Kirchhoff said the change would allow for "even richer storytelling and entertainment". TikTok increasing video length from one to three minutes 2021-07-02T04:00:00Z “With longer videos, creators will have the canvas to create new or expanded types of content on TikTok, with the flexibility of a bit more space,” Kirchhoff wrote. Why TikTok is rolling out longer videos 2021-07-01T04:00:00Z “Medical aid in dying is not suicide. These patients are not depressed - they are dying. There is a very big difference,” said Dr. Colette Kirchhoff, a hospice and palliative care physician from Bozeman. Montana bill seeks to charge doctors assisting in suicides 2021-02-26T05:00:00Z When applying Kirchhoff’s second rule, the loop rule, you must identify a closed loop and decide in which direction to go around it, clockwise or counterclockwise. College Physics for AP Courses 2015-08-12T00:00:00Z “Outbreaks grow exponentially. You pay a tremendous penalty for inaction,” said Christopher Kirchhoff, who wrote a “lessons learned study” for the White House after the 2014-16 Ebola crisis. Medical supply chain shortages led to deadly consequences 2020-10-06T04:00:00Z Kirchhoff, who in 2016 wrote a White House paper on lessons learned from the Ebola epidemic, says the Trump administration missed an opportunity to alleviate the shortages with bold, early action. ‘No offense, but is this a joke?’ Inside the underground market for face masks. 2020-05-18T04:00:00Z What is striking in reading Mr. Kirchhoff’s account today, however, is how few of the major faults he found in the American response resulted in action — even though the report was filled with department-by-department recommendations. Before Virus Outbreak, a Cascade of Warnings Went Unheeded 2020-03-19T04:00:00Z Clara Kirchhoff said the election for the EU’s 751-seat assembly was particularly important for tackling climate change on a continental level. Climate protesters turn out as Europe votes on parliament 2019-05-24T04:00:00Z Kirchhoff’s first rule—the junction rule: The sum of all currents entering a junction must equal the sum of all currents leaving the junction. College Physics for AP Courses 2015-08-12T00:00:00Z Clara Kirchhoff said the election for the EU’s 751-seat assembly was particularly important for tackling climate change on a continental level. The Latest: Polls open in Czech Republic, centrists seek win 2019-05-24T04:00:00Z The same goes for Jan Kirchhoff, the former Bayern Munich centre-back or defensive midfielder who helped save Sunderland from relegation two years ago before being struck down by a knee injury. From Yaya Touré to Hatem Ben Arfa: the free agents looking for a home | Paul Doyle 2018-08-22T04:00:00Z The weaknesses Mr. Kirchhoff identified were early warning signals of what has unfolded in the past three months. Before Virus Outbreak, a Cascade of Warnings Went Unheeded 2020-03-19T04:00:00Z Kirchhoff said that Carter was slated to decide within days whom he would recommend for the Joint Chiefs job but that no clear front-runner had emerged. How ‘Fat Leonard’ affected Pentagon’s pick to lead Joint Chiefs 2018-04-01T04:00:00Z When calculating potential and current using Kirchhoff’s rules, a set of conventions must be followed for determining the correct signs of various terms. College Physics for AP Courses 2015-08-12T00:00:00Z With hopes of saving what was left, Kirchhoff was racing to tend the surviving wine fermentations, hoping none would spoil and turn into vinegar. 'We Always Rise.' California Winemakers Are Determined to Rebuild After Fires 2017-10-12T04:00:00Z You can identify a broad range of reasons for Sunderland’s decay and ultimate demise, but somewhere in the mix must be the frustrating campaign suffered by Jan Kirchhoff. Free agents XI: the best out-of-contract bargains available this summer | Nick Miller 2017-06-28T04:00:00Z Last Friday, playing the semifinals a day after Ms. Pope’s funeral, with all of Iraan looking to the team for direction, “That was a big moment,” Coach Mark Kirchhoff told his players. Bereaved Texas Town Finds Comfort in a State High School Title Game 2016-12-15T05:00:00Z In an interview with The Post, Kirchhoff said he knew “for a fact that Ash was undecided and was really wrestling with the decision.” How ‘Fat Leonard’ affected Pentagon’s pick to lead Joint Chiefs 2018-04-01T04:00:00Z The simpler series and parallel rules are special cases of Kirchhoff’s rules. College Physics for AP Courses 2015-08-12T00:00:00Z “She was the last person I hugged,” said Tammy Kirchhoff, 51, Iraan High’s track coach and the wife of the football coach. A Stirring Victory for a Texas High School. Then the Unthinkable. 2016-12-04T05:00:00Z Van Aanholt was introduced as a 56th-minute replacement for the injured Jan Kirchhoff and lined up in midfield rather than his more accustomed left back role. Van Aanholt secures Sunderland’s second point of EPL 2016-10-01T04:00:00Z It is the same for Jan Kirchhoff, another key performer last season. I fear for Sunderland, even with Moyes in charge, says Kevin Kilbane 2016-08-21T04:00:00Z They also neglected to include Kirchhoff’s law of thermal radiation in their thermal models of the asteroids. Billionaire technologist accuses NASA asteroid mission of bad statistics 2016-05-23T04:00:00Z At which three points should the currents be measured so that Kirchhoff’s junction rule can be directly confirmed? College Physics for AP Courses 2015-08-12T00:00:00Z Coach Kirchhoff said, “Let’s come together and pray for our girls.” A Stirring Victory for a Texas High School. Then the Unthinkable. 2016-12-04T05:00:00Z Khazri takes that set piece too, and his corner finds the head of Kirchhoff, six yards out. Sunderland 3-0 Everton: Premier League – as it happened 2016-05-11T04:00:00Z For a while, it seemed a question of when, not if, Sam Allardyce’s side conceded but then, almost imperceptibly, Jan Kirchhoff began making his presence felt in central midfield. Leicester march on towards title after Jamie Vardy sinks Sunderland 2016-04-10T04:00:00Z Conversely, I don't think I've seen a worst start to a Premier League debut than I saw from Sunderland's Jan Kirchhoff. Garth Crooks' team of the week 2016-01-17T05:00:00Z Assuming negligible coil resistance, Kirchhoff’s loop rule tells us that the induced emf exactly equals the input voltage. College Physics for AP Courses 2015-08-12T00:00:00Z Coach Mark Kirchhoff, 54, gathered his team and said endearingly, “You little rag knots are going to the semifinals.” A Stirring Victory for a Texas High School. Then the Unthinkable. 2016-12-04T05:00:00Z Kirchhoff should score, but his weak header flashes wide right of goal. Sunderland 3-0 Everton: Premier League – as it happened 2016-05-11T04:00:00Z In the 79th minute Kirchhoff went in late on Rose and conceded a clear penalty allowing Kane to complete the comeback. Christian Eriksen doubles up as Tottenham Hotspur rout Sunderland 2016-01-16T05:00:00Z Sunderland boss Sam Allardyce said of Kirchhoff: "It's a bit risky signing players from abroad in January but we have to take that risk. Hopefully he learns from today." Tottenham Hotspur 4-1 Sunderland 2016-01-16T05:00:00Z Kirchhoff’s loop rule describes conservation of energy in electrical circuits. College Physics for AP Courses 2015-08-12T00:00:00Z Coach Mark Kirchhoff gave other updates: Ms. Garlock had been stabilized overnight and doctors were operating on her legs. A Stirring Victory for a Texas High School. Then the Unthinkable. 2016-12-04T05:00:00Z Khazri takes that set piece too, and his corner finds the head of Kirchhoff, six yards out. Sunderland 3-0 Everton: Premier League – as it happened 2016-05-11T04:00:00Z Kirchhoff, who has something in the credit column at last. Tottenham 4-1 Sunderland: Premier League – as it happened 2016-01-16T05:00:00Z Kyle Kirchhoff, the co-founder and chief executive of Leap, was among several founders of dead companies who did not respond to my requests for interviews. Behind the Failure of Leap Transit’s Gentrified Buses in San Francisco 2015-10-14T04:00:00Z Kirchhoff’s junction rule describes the conservation of electric charge in electrical circuits. College Physics for AP Courses 2015-08-12T00:00:00Z “The emotional swing last night was crazy,” Coach Kirchhoff told his players. A Stirring Victory for a Texas High School. Then the Unthinkable. 2016-12-04T05:00:00Z “This is really nice, it’s like winning a title,” smiles Jan Kirchhoff. Sunderland 3-0 Everton: Premier League – as it happened 2016-05-11T04:00:00Z Kirchhoff sticks a leg out and turns his back in one smooth movement. Tottenham 4-1 Sunderland: Premier League – as it happened 2016-01-16T05:00:00Z "Our platform allows packing content in a way that never existed before," Kirchhoff said. Whatever your game, EverSport wants to stream it to you 2015-10-04T04:00:00Z Kirchhoff's loop rule describes conservation of energy in electrical circuits. College Physics for AP Courses 2015-08-12T00:00:00Z Kirchhoff insisted the Marina was just the beginning. All aboard San Francisco's startup bus craze with 2015-03-23T04:00:00Z “This is really nice, it’s like winning a title,” smiles Jan Kirchhoff. Sunderland 3-0 Everton: Premier League – as it happened 2016-05-11T04:00:00Z Kirchhoff, who has something in the credit column at last. Tottenham 4-1 Sunderland: Premier League – as it happened 2016-01-16T05:00:00Z Kirchhoff described revenue sharing more broadly as the future for rights deals, even for premium sports. Whatever your game, EverSport wants to stream it to you 2015-10-04T04:00:00Z There are two decisions you must make when applying Kirchhoff’s rules. College Physics for AP Courses 2015-08-12T00:00:00Z It was hard to tell if Kirchhoff was soft-spoken or guarded. All aboard San Francisco's startup bus craze with 2015-03-23T04:00:00Z Kirchhoff should score, but his weak header flashes wide right of goal. Sunderland 3-0 Everton: Premier League – as it happened 2016-05-11T04:00:00Z Kirchhoff sticks a leg out and turns his back in one smooth movement. Tottenham 4-1 Sunderland: Premier League – as it happened 2016-01-16T05:00:00Z "Fishing where the fish are" is more cost- and time-efficient than the traditional desire to build "a destination," Kirchhoff said. Whatever your game, EverSport wants to stream it to you 2015-10-04T04:00:00Z When applying Kirchhoff’s first rule, the junction rule, you must label the current in each branch and decide in what direction it is going. College Physics for AP Courses 2015-08-12T00:00:00Z Rather than acknowledge that aspiration, Kirchhoff made his mission sound even more beneficent. All aboard San Francisco's startup bus craze with 2015-03-23T04:00:00Z “We are investing a lot of time in the new system,” defender Jan Kirchhoff said, “and it’s beginning to pay off,” Champions League set for group-stage climax 2014-12-07T05:00:00Z Photograph: Paul Childs/Reuters 59 min: Graham is replaced by Kirchhoff. Tottenham 4-1 Sunderland: Premier League – as it happened 2016-01-16T05:00:00Z "It's sports, it's news, it's animals, it's legal and non-legal content," Kirchhoff said. Whatever your game, EverSport wants to stream it to you 2015-10-04T04:00:00Z According to Kirchhoff’s loop rule, the total voltage around the circuit V is also the voltage of the source. College Physics for AP Courses 2015-08-12T00:00:00Z Kirchhoff described the arrangement as "introverts in the front and extroverts in the back." All aboard San Francisco's startup bus craze with 2015-03-23T04:00:00Z The findings provide "a convincing explanation of how dying neurons attract microglia," says Frank Kirchhoff, a glia physiologist at the University of Saarland in Homburg, Germany, who was not involved in the study. The Brain's Bat Signal 2012-05-24T18:40:00Z A modest and small band of inquirers there were, however, to whom Kirchhoff's few words were tidings of a welcome and powerful ally in the epistemological field. Popular scientific lectures 2012-04-24T02:00:17.273Z A few days later, says Professor Ferguson, Thomson read a letter to his class announcing Bunsen and Kirchhoff's discovery. Lord Kelvin An account of his scientific life and work 2012-04-06T02:00:32.097Z The first of these representations is evidently natural, considering the twenty eventful years that have passed; but the second, Kirchhoff holds, is the Ulysses of Calypso’s island and the Phaeacian court. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 13, Slice 6 "Home, Daniel" to "Hortensius, Quintus" 2012-03-15T02:00:32.250Z Kirchhoff grew up in Boise and went to Santa Clara University. All aboard San Francisco's startup bus craze with 2015-03-23T04:00:00Z “CEOs get it,” Weight Watchers Chief Executive Officer David Kirchhoff said during an investor conference last month. Weight Watchers Bets NYSE Can Slim Like Jennifer Hudson: Retail 2012-02-22T10:02:27Z The slow assent of physicists to Kirchhoff's dictum now becomes intelligible. Popular scientific lectures 2012-04-24T02:00:17.273Z Kirchhoff has shown, by means of the spectroscope, that the temperature of a sun-spot must be lower than that of the remainder of the solar surface. Meteorology or Weather Explained 2012-02-20T03:00:18.847Z The arguments by which Kirchhoff seeks to prove that the stories of books x.-xii. are much later than those of book ix. are not more convincing. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 13, Slice 6 "Home, Daniel" to "Hortensius, Quintus" 2012-03-15T02:00:32.250Z "Well, Google buses are private and that’s a pretty big difference," said Kirchhoff. All aboard San Francisco's startup bus craze with 2015-03-23T04:00:00Z While Weight Watchers first began holding meetings at worksites in the 1980s, last year it began “in earnest” to sell corporate programs, Kirchhoff said during a conference call this month. Weight Watchers Bets NYSE Can Slim Like Jennifer Hudson: Retail 2012-02-22T10:02:27Z Twenty years ago when Kirchhoff defined the object of mechanics as the "description, in complete and very simple terms, of the motions occurring in nature," he produced by the statement a peculiar impression. Popular scientific lectures 2012-04-24T02:00:17.273Z The silver produced �736, and the interest on that sum is expended on the Davy medal, which was awarded for the first time in 1877, to Bunsen and Kirchhoff for their discovery of spectrum analysis. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 7, Slice 10 "David, St" to "Demidov" 2012-02-17T03:00:33.923Z Ingenious as this is, there is really very slender ground for Kirchhoff’s thesis. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 13, Slice 6 "Home, Daniel" to "Hortensius, Quintus" 2012-03-15T02:00:32.250Z One of these bright lines was believed to be identical with Kirchhoff's No. 1474, which has been observed in the spectrum of the solar corona during total eclipses of the sun. Scientific American Supplement, No. 648, June 2, 1888. 2011-12-26T03:00:15.410Z In 1859 Professor Kirchhoff made an experiment which explained those dark lines, and we will repeat it now. Through Magic Glasses and Other Lectures A Sequel to The Fairyland of Science 2011-10-03T02:00:33.003Z The reversal of the lines of the spectrum was seen repeatedly before Kirchhoff, and had been mechanically explained. Popular scientific lectures 2012-04-24T02:00:17.273Z The author is Albrecht Kirchhoff, and the work, short as it is, will be found very useful to parties engaged in bibliographical investigations. Notes and Queries, Vol. IV, Number 90, July 19, 1851 A Medium of Inter-communication for Literary Men, Artists, Antiquaries, Geneologists, etc. 2011-10-03T02:00:27.757Z Inquiries conducted with the refinement which characterizes those of Kirchhoff are always instructive, and his book contains very many just observations; but it is impossible to admit his main conclusions. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 13, Slice 6 "Home, Daniel" to "Hortensius, Quintus" 2012-03-15T02:00:32.250Z David Kirchhoff, CEO of Weight Watchers International said the Lancet study "proves that Weight Watchers is part of the solution to help transform the health of nations." Weight Watchers works, scientific study finds 2011-09-07T23:10:12Z Kirchhoff's experiment, explaining the dark lines in sunlight. Through Magic Glasses and Other Lectures A Sequel to The Fairyland of Science 2011-10-03T02:00:33.003Z Reverting now to Kirchhoff's words, we can come to some agreement regarding their import. Popular scientific lectures 2012-04-24T02:00:17.273Z David Kirchhoff, Weight Watchers’ current chief executive, says he’ll never forget when he finally met Nidetch, three years ago at a convention in Orlando. 50 years after the diet that made her rich, Weight Watchers founder remains slim, feisty 2011-09-02T17:04:04Z Kirchhoff also said the discovery that VIR-576 can fight early HIV infection suggests it may be possible in future to develop similar blockers for these other viruses. New kind of HIV drug stalls infection in trial 2010-12-22T19:01:26Z He observed, in 1823, dark lines in stellar spectra which Kirchhoff’s discovery supplied the means of interpreting. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 2, Slice 7 "Arundel, Thomas" to "Athens" This was the light Kirchhoff used, and you know it will give a continuous bright band in the spectroscope. Through Magic Glasses and Other Lectures A Sequel to The Fairyland of Science 2011-10-03T02:00:33.003Z In the meantime, this great change will be helped by our keeping constantly before our minds the fact of the intrinsic relationship of all research, which Kirchhoff characterised with such classical simplicity. Popular scientific lectures 2012-04-24T02:00:17.273Z “I felt like I was at a Rolling Stones concert,” Kirchhoff said. 50 years after the diet that made her rich, Weight Watchers founder remains slim, feisty 2011-09-02T17:04:04Z Side effects were minimal and mainly involved soreness around the injection sites, Kirchhoff said. New kind of HIV drug stalls infection in trial 2010-12-22T19:01:26Z But it was the synthetic genius of Gustav Kirchhoff which first gave unity to the scattered phenomena, and finally reconciled what was elicited in the laboratory with what was observed in the sun. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 2, Slice 7 "Arundel, Thomas" to "Athens" This is what Kirchhoff expected, but to his intense surprise he saw as you do now a dark line D start out where the bright line should have been. Through Magic Glasses and Other Lectures A Sequel to The Fairyland of Science 2011-10-03T02:00:33.003Z It is the pure logical and æsthetic sense of the mathematician that speaks out of Kirchhoff's words. Popular scientific lectures 2012-04-24T02:00:17.273Z At the close of 1859, there came the discoveries of Kirchhoff, proving the existence of various metallic vapours in the Sun's atmosphere. Essays: Scientific, Political, & Speculative, Vol. I "What the virus does is a bit like throwing an anchor to get hooked up to the cell," Frank Kirchhoff, of the University Hospital of Ulm in Germany, said in a telephone interview. New kind of HIV drug stalls infection in trial 2010-12-22T19:01:26Z Kirchhoff’s principle, accordingly, not only afforded a simple explanation of the Fraunhofer lines, but availed to found a far-reaching science of celestial chemistry. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 2, Slice 7 "Arundel, Thomas" to "Athens" It was in 1876 that Kirchhoff defined the task of mechanics as that of "describing completely and in the simplest manner the motions which take place in nature." Introduction to the Science of Sociology These bright lines were found on comparison to coincide with the dark lines in the spectrum, and to Kirchhoff and Bunsen is due the credit of applying this method of research to astronomical science. The Beauties of Nature and the Wonders of the World We Live In The establishment of the terrestrial science of spectrum analysis was due, as we have seen, equally to Kirchhoff and Bunsen, but its celestial application to Kirchhoff alone. A Popular History of Astronomy During the Nineteenth Century Fourth Edition The study of the spectra of the fixed stars made hardly any progress until the principles of spectrum analysis had been established by Kirchhoff in 1859. The Story of the Heavens But Kirchhoff and his followers will have it just the other way; the early poet never varies or repeats, only the later poet does that. Homer's Odyssey A Commentary I enclose extracts from letters from Fräulein Jens, of Hamburg, and Frau Kirchhoff, of Bremen, which I put at your disposal. The Better Germany in War Time Being some Facts towards Fellowship But Kirchhoff's claims are unaffected by these circumstances. Fragments of science, V. 1-2 It is just to add, that Kirchhoff was unacquainted, when he undertook his investigation, either with the experiment of Foucault or the speculation of Stokes. A Popular History of Astronomy During the Nineteenth Century Fourth Edition Kirchhoff, of spectrum analysis, which has put a new weapon of extraordinary power into the hands both of chemists and astronomers. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 4, Part 4 "Bulgaria" to "Calgary" It is not easy to tell from Kirchhoff just how many persons may have had a hand in this making of the Odyssey, as it lies before us. Homer's Odyssey A Commentary Von Kirchhoff, in a brief impromptu speech, paid a high tribute to the German troops which were holding the French and said the decoration was not his but his troops'. Germany, The Next Republic? But what Kirchhoff has done carries us far beyond all that had before been accomplished. Fragments of science, V. 1-2 It appeared to coincide with that of a dark line of iron in the solar spectrum, numbered 1,474 on Kirchhoff's scale. A Popular History of Astronomy During the Nineteenth Century Fourth Edition By Vice Admiral Kirchhoff of the German Navy Under the heading, "A Month of U-Boat War," Vice Admiral Kirchhoff of the German Navy discusses the German submarine warfare against merchant shipping in its first month. New York Times Current History; The European War, Vol 2, No. 2, May, 1915 April-September, 1915 The most celebrated of these dissectors is probably the German Professor, Kirchhoff, some of whose opinions we shall cite in this appendix. Homer's Odyssey A Commentary It is in this case alone that can be correctly applied the celebrated demonstration by which Kirchhoff established, by considerations borrowed from thermodynamics, the proportional relations between the power of emission and that of absorption. The New Physics and Its Evolution The admirable researches of Kirchhoff help us an answer. Fragments of science, V. 1-2 A. J. Ångström of Upsala takes rank after Kirchhoff as a subordinate founder, so to speak, of solar spectroscopy. A Popular History of Astronomy During the Nineteenth Century Fourth Edition Was there ever a more fertile period than the generation which succeeded Darwin's achievement in biology and Bunsen's and Kirchhoff's with the spectroscope? Recent Developments in European Thought After disposing of the Introduction in this way, Kirchhoff takes up the remaining portion of the First Book, which he tears to pieces almost line by line. Homer's Odyssey A Commentary In all the ordinary experiments of spectrum analysis the laws of Kirchhoff cannot therefore be considered as established, and yet the relation between emission and absorption is generally tolerably well verified. The New Physics and Its Evolution Kirchhoff knew that this was an action not peculiar to the sodium flame, and he immediately extended his generalisation to all coloured flames which yield sharply defined bright bands in their spectra. Six Lectures on Light Delivered In The United States In 1872-1873 The preparation of this elaborate picture proved so trying to the eyes that Kirchhoff was compelled by failing vision to resign the latter half of the task to his pupil Hofmann. A Popular History of Astronomy During the Nineteenth Century Fourth Edition These simple facts illustrate Kirchhoff's immortal discovery of certain fundamental principles of spectroscopy, in 1859. Popular Science Monthly Oct, Nov, Dec, 1915 — Volume 86 All such repetitions Kirchhoff seizes upon as signs of different authorship; the poet must have used the one, some redactor or imitator the other. Homer's Odyssey A Commentary The accompanying engraving shows a form of Thomson's double bridge, as modified by Kirchhoff and Hausemann. Scientific American Supplement, No. 430, March 29, 1884 On the occasion here referred to Kirchhoff also succeeded in reversing a bright band of lithium. Six Lectures on Light Delivered In The United States In 1872-1873 The conclusions reached by Kirchhoff were no sooner announced than they took their place, with scarcely a dissenting voice, among the established truths of science. A Popular History of Astronomy During the Nineteenth Century Fourth Edition This theory is opposed by Sittl, who makes his point by cutting out, as interpolations, whatever passages do not suit his ideas, and do suit Kirchhoff's—this is the regular method of Homeric criticism. Homer and His Age Besides Kirchhoff, several other writers charge the British naval officers who were in Turkey's service before the outbreak of war, with acts of sabotage. What Germany Thinks The War as Germans see it In 1859 the spectroscope came upon the scene, perfected by Kirchhoff and Bunsen, along lines pointed out by Fraunhofer almost half a century before. A History of Science — Volume 3 I have already referred to the experiment of Foucault; but other workers also had been engaged on the borders of this subject before it was taken up by Bunsen and Kirchhoff. Six Lectures on Light Delivered In The United States In 1872-1873 A "reversing layer," or stratum of mixed vapours, glowing, but at a lower temperature than that of the actual solar surface, was an integral part of Kirchhoff's theory of the production of the Fraunhofer lines. A Popular History of Astronomy During the Nineteenth Century Fourth Edition No sooner had Kirchhoff supplied the key to the hidden meaning of those ciphered characters than it was eagerly turned to the interpretation of the dim scrolls unfolded in the spectra of the stars. A Popular History of Astronomy During the Nineteenth Century Fourth Edition The sun, according to Kirchhoff, consists of a molten nucleus which is surrounded by a flaming atmosphere of lower temperature. Six Lectures on Light Delivered In The United States In 1872-1873 Kirchhoff immediately inferred from it that the salt flame, which could intensify so remarkably the dark lines of Fraunhofer, ought also to be able to produce them. Six Lectures on Light Delivered In The United States In 1872-1873 To give an explanation of these lines was, as I have said, a problem which long challenged the attention of philosophers, and to Professor Kirchhoff belongs the honour of having first conquered this problem. Six Lectures on Light Delivered In The United States In 1872-1873 To render it either true or useful, it had to be reduced to the cautious terms employed by Kirchhoff. A Popular History of Astronomy During the Nineteenth Century Fourth Edition Soon after the publication of Kirchhoff's discovery, Professor Stokes, who also, ten years prior to the discovery, had nearly anticipated it, borrowed an illustration from sound, to explain the reciprocity of radiation and absorption. Six Lectures on Light Delivered In The United States In 1872-1873 Kirchhoff saw that from the agreement of the lines in the spectra of terrestrial substances with Fraunhofer's lines, the presence of these substances in the sun and fixed stars might be immediately inferred. Six Lectures on Light Delivered In The United States In 1872-1873 In his second paper, communicated to the Berlin Academy before the close of 1859, Kirchhoff proved the existence of iron in the sun. Six Lectures on Light Delivered In The United States In 1872-1873 It is thus with the discoveries of Kirchhoff. Six Lectures on Light Delivered In The United States In 1872-1873 And absorption and emission are, by Kirchhoff's law, strictly correlative. A Popular History of Astronomy During the Nineteenth Century Fourth Edition Thus Foucault, in 1849, came to the verge of Kirchhoff's discovery. Six Lectures on Light Delivered In The United States In 1872-1873 His beautiful experiment remained a germ without fruit, until the discernment, ten years subsequently, of the whole class of phenomena to which it belongs, enabled Kirchhoff to solve these great problems. Six Lectures on Light Delivered In The United States In 1872-1873 In an investigation described by Kirchhoff as "classical," Swan had shown that 1/2,500,000 of a grain of sodium in a Bunsen's flame could be detected by its spectrum. Six Lectures on Light Delivered In The United States In 1872-1873 The bright lines of the spectrum of iron vapour are exceedingly numerous, and 65 of them were subsequently proved by Kirchhoff to be absolutely identical in position with 65 dark Fraunhofer's lines. Six Lectures on Light Delivered In The United States In 1872-1873 |
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