| 单词 | internal secretion |
| 例句 | Hormones are these internal secretions that come out of a gland, and they go through the blood, but they go to a specific target. How hormones went from theoretical to overhyped in one century 2018-08-07T04:00:00Z In many cases the internal secretion is no mere accumulation, e.g. the internal skeleton of the Radiolaria, and the nematocysts of the Coelentera. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 7, Slice 8 "Cube" to "Daguerre, Louis" 2012-01-31T03:00:17.257Z In the adrenal type Sajous argues that adrenalin produces lesions experimentally, therefore the adrenal gland has a profound influence by its internal secretion in connection with the sympathetic system in producing degenerations leading to arteriosclerosis. Arteriosclerosis and Hypertension: with Chapters on Blood Pressure, 3rd Edition. 2011-10-11T02:01:07.890Z One, that of ovulation, is so prominent that the other, the internal secretion, has been too much neglected. Psychotherapy 2011-06-19T02:00:20.053Z This was the first time in physiology that the idea of an internal secretion was advanced. Makers of Modern Medicine 2011-03-05T03:00:29.580Z The internal secretion in the so-called female semination is also included by many under the head of pollution. Moral Theology A Complete Course Based on St. Thomas Aquinas and the Best Modern Authorities 2011-02-24T03:00:54.237Z These substances—internal secretions as they are termed—are carried to the second tissue by the blood stream. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 4, Slice 1 "Bisharin" to "Bohea" It is generally believed that the internal secretion of the thyroid and the adrenal are antagonistic. Arteriosclerosis and Hypertension: with Chapters on Blood Pressure, 3rd Edition. 2011-10-11T02:01:07.890Z Such an internal secretion would not be surprising in the light of all that we have learned of the physiological nexus of organs in recent years. Psychotherapy 2011-06-19T02:00:20.053Z The external secretion is what is called the mind and the internal secretion is known as the soul. The Book of Gud They are active all the time with their internal secretions which strengthen both you and them. The Sex Side of Life An Explanation for Young People Only that to-day, with some knowledge regarding the internal secretions of the "endocrine glands", we should be inclined to connect temperament with them, rather than with blood, bile, etc. Psychology A Study Of Mental Life This last might be due to an internal secretion or an involuntary nervous system anomaly. Benign Stupors A Study of a New Manic-Depressive Reaction Type Under certain conditions the mammary gland is capable of an internal secretion, by means of which substances are produced that are specifically chemiotactic for the eosinophil cells. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological Of late, however, the chemical theory, that the results of castration are dependent on the lack of the internal secretion of the excised glands, has gained ground at the expense of the nervous theory. The Sexual Life of the Child The internal secretion is simply the substance which nature employs in the developing process and is responsible for the degree of growth and quality of manhood which the boy manifests. The Eugenic Marriage, Vol. 2 A Personal Guide to the New Science of Better Living and Better Babies Without its internal secretion, brain activity is very sluggish. Psychology A Study Of Mental Life It is, however, generally believed that one or more of the substances found in the external secretion appear in the internal secretion. The Biology, Physiology and Sociology of Reproduction Also Sexual Hygiene with Special Reference to the Male When the external secretion of milk is disturbed, the internal secretion is abnormally increased. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological As to these last, there seems to be no kind of doubt that the internal secretions of many organs and structures have effects which were, even a few years ago, quite unsuspected. Science and Morals and Other Essays Contact with the acrid, irritating internal secretions also causes soreness of the fingers at the root of the nails, and warts. Sex Avoided subjects Discussed in Plain English This defect may quite possibly be in one of the ductless glands or in some of the internal secretions, rather than in the nervous system. Preventable Diseases Their activity consists very largely in the formation of an internal secretion, the office of which is to develop in the male the highest possible state of virility. The Biology, Physiology and Sociology of Reproduction Also Sexual Hygiene with Special Reference to the Male While the manufacture of ova begins only at puberty, with menstruation, and closes at the menopause, the manufacture of the internal secretion lasts throughout the woman's entire life. Woman Her Sex and Love Life To-day we know that the internal secretion of these organs is a very powerful styptic, and there is good reason to believe that a copious discharge accompanies an unusual exhibition of rage. Science and Morals and Other Essays Second, we know that the individual development of the brain is profoundly influenced by the internal secretions of certain ductless glands notably the thyroid. The Outline of Science, Vol. 1 (of 4) A Plain Story Simply Told He also did valuable work on the internal secretion of organs, the results of which have been applied with the most satisfactory results in the treatment of myxoedema. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 4, Part 3 "Brescia" to "Bulgaria" The best example that can be cited of the effect of this internal secretion is the male of the horse kind. The Biology, Physiology and Sociology of Reproduction Also Sexual Hygiene with Special Reference to the Male Besides the ova, the ovary manufactures what we call an internal secretion which is absorbed by the blood, and which is of the greatest importance to the woman herself. Woman Her Sex and Love Life The loss of the internal secretion of these glands may produce physical and mental changes in the individual. Mental Defectives and Sexual Offenders Report of the Committee of Inquiry Appointed by the Hon. Sir Maui Pomare, K.B.E., C.M.G., Minister of Health The work of glands in preparing substances that enter the blood is known as internal secretion. Physiology and Hygiene for Secondary Schools Some internal secretions stimulate, others inhibit, and the same secretions may under different conditions do either. Little Essays of Love and Virtue Spermatozoa do not make any part of the internal secretion. The Biology, Physiology and Sociology of Reproduction Also Sexual Hygiene with Special Reference to the Male This halt in evolution can be connected with different physiological causes, hereditary weaknesses of origin, infections, intoxications, disorders of internal secretions, disorders of the sympathetic system. A Psychiatric Milestone Bloomingdale Hospital Centenary, 1821-1921 The sexual characteristics in the male and female are due to an internal secretion produced by the respective sexual glands which affects growth, body development and mentality. Disease and Its Causes When the function of ovulation ceases the body has to find a new way to dispose of the internal secretion of the ovary. Outwitting Our Nerves A Primer of Psychotherapy Yet, even before Brown-Séquard's first epoch-making suggestion had set physiologists to search for internal secretions, the insight of certain physicians on the medico-psychological side was independently leading towards the same dynamic conception. Little Essays of Love and Virtue So far as physiologists know at present, the external secretion differs from the internal secretion only in possessing spermatozoa. The Biology, Physiology and Sociology of Reproduction Also Sexual Hygiene with Special Reference to the Male There are in the life records of our patients certain ever-returning tendencies and situations which a psychiatry of exclusive brain speculation, auto-intoxications, focal infections, and internal secretions could never have discovered. A Psychiatric Milestone Bloomingdale Hospital Centenary, 1821-1921 There is a great difference in the way the internal secretions act in birds and in man, as will be pointed out later. Taboo and Genetics A Study of the Biological, Sociological and Psychological Foundation of the Family The same internal secretion is concerned in both. Outwitting Our Nerves A Primer of Psychotherapy It elaborates those internal secretions which stimulate and maintain the physical and mental characters, constituting all that is most masculine in the male animal, all that makes the man in distinction from the eunuch. Studies in the Psychology of Sex, Volume 5 Erotic Symbolism; The Mechanism of Detumescence; The Psychic State in Pregnancy An internal secretion is a secretion formed by a gland, to be poured into the blood or lymph system, while an external secretion is poured out through ducts to the exterior. The Biology, Physiology and Sociology of Reproduction Also Sexual Hygiene with Special Reference to the Male There is a tendency, moreover, to extend the sexual sphere so as to admit the influence of internal secretions from other glands. Studies in the Psychology of Sex, Volume 3 Analysis of the Sexual Impulse; Love and Pain; The Sexual Impulse in Women In the utilization of data gathered from non-human species, certain differences in the systems of internal secretion must be taken into account. Taboo and Genetics A Study of the Biological, Sociological and Psychological Foundation of the Family The matter is altogether a problem of chemistry, with the necessity for a new adjustment among the glands of internal secretion. Outwitting Our Nerves A Primer of Psychotherapy But we are now beginning to see that this arrested development may be definitely associated with anomalies in the internal secretions, and even with special chemical defects in these secretions. Studies in the Psychology of Sex, Volume 2 Sexual Inversion Only once in the last of the part of the paper considered does Adami mention internal secretions. Hormones and Heredity That material, whatever it may be, is termed an "internal secretion." Beacon Lights of History, Volume 14 The New Era; A Supplementary Volume, by Recent Writers, as Set Forth in the Preface and Table of Contents The power of the mind over the body is a scientific fact, as is evidenced by hypnotic suggestion and in the emotional control over the chemistry of health through the agency of the internal secretions. Taboo and Genetics A Study of the Biological, Sociological and Psychological Foundation of the Family It is as though Nature were making a last desperate attempt to produce another life before it is too late, speeding up all the internal secretions and flashing insistent messages throughout the whole organism. Outwitting Our Nerves A Primer of Psychotherapy Normal sexual characters seem to depend largely upon the due co-ordination of the internal secretions, and it is reasonable to suppose that sexual deviations depend upon their inco-ordination. Studies in the Psychology of Sex, Volume 2 Sexual Inversion However, he goes further and refers to endogenous intoxication, to disturbed states of the constitution, due to disturbances in glandular activity or to excess of certain internal secretions. Hormones and Heredity Some of the internal secretions have turned out to be of singular value medicinally. Beacon Lights of History, Volume 14 The New Era; A Supplementary Volume, by Recent Writers, as Set Forth in the Preface and Table of Contents What the study of the internal secretions suffers from, at the beginning of the third decade of the twentieth century, is insufficient appreciation of its meaning for mankind. The Glands Regulating Personality One by one the functions of the internal secretions are being discovered. The Treasure-Train We know that various internal secretions possess an influential sexual effect. Studies in the Psychology of Sex, Volume 2 Sexual Inversion The former concludes from certain experiments that a given organ of internal secretion has a certain function. Hormones and Heredity This suggests the possibility of disturbances of the glands of internal secretion. Disturbances of the Heart Most characters, somatic or psychic, are the products not of the action of one internal secretion alone, but of the interlinked activities of all of them. The Glands Regulating Personality Since the workers show no heliotropism it looks as if an internal secretion from the sexual glands were the cause of their heliotropic sensitiveness. Darwin and Modern Science Only in recent years has science discovered that these secondary sexual characters are brought about by the agency of these internal secretions or hormones, passed from the reproductive glands into the circulating blood. The Pivot of Civilization If the gland is removed in whole or in part the proportion of its internal secretion in the blood will be diminished. Hormones and Heredity There certainly is an internal secretion of some importance furnished by these glands. Disturbances of the Heart These are suggestive of what the internal secretions may do to an individual in inheritance and development. The Glands Regulating Personality Enzymes, internal secretions, nervous activities are the products of cells whose powers are indeed drawn from the ocean of life. The Foundations of Personality The internal secretions constitute and determine much of the inherited powers of the individual and their development. The Pivot of Civilization The credit of having been the first to formulate the doctrine of internal secretion is generally given to Claude Bernard. Hormones and Heredity No such miracles have ever before been wrought by physicians as those which we see in connection with the internal secretion of the thyroid gland. The Evolution of Modern Medicine A Series of Lectures Delivered at Yale University on the Silliman Foundation in April, 1913 There will be breeding of the best mixtures of glands of internal secretion possible. The Glands Regulating Personality This integration caused a conversion of the potential energy in the brain-cells into kinetic energy, and there resulted a discharge into the blood-stream of activating internal secretions for the purpose of producing muscular action. Origin and Nature of Emotions These internal secretions or endocrines pass directly into the blood stream, and exercise a dominating power over health and personality. The Pivot of Civilization In 1855 he maintained that every organ of the body by a process of internal secretion gives up products to the blood. Hormones and Heredity ONE of the greatest contributions of the nineteenth century to scientific medicine was the discovery of the internal secretions of organs. The Evolution of Modern Medicine A Series of Lectures Delivered at Yale University on the Silliman Foundation in April, 1913 The pekingese and the fox terrier are as different as the Slav and Latin are different: because of differences in internal secretion make-up. The Glands Regulating Personality Since the distance ceptors control these activities, one would expect to find that they control also those organs whose function is the production of energizing internal secretions. Origin and Nature of Emotions Physical features of one sex, instincts and mental attitudes of the other co-exist in the same individual by reason of an excess in one direction or a deficiency in another of the internal secretions. The Glands Regulating Personality Before considering further the question of the corpora lutea as organs of internal secretion, we may briefly refer to the origin and structure of these bodies and of other parts of the mammalian ovary. Hormones and Heredity His studies on the glycogenic functions of the liver opened the way for the modern fruitful researches on the internal secretions of the various glands. The Evolution of Modern Medicine A Series of Lectures Delivered at Yale University on the Silliman Foundation in April, 1913 In the family, as nature's laboratory for the manufacture of fresh combinations of the internal secretions, allowances will be made for divergences in capacity and deportment from a new angle altogether. The Glands Regulating Personality The second dentition itself is an expression of a certain internal secretion wave passing through the cells, an increase of action of some hormones, a decrease of others. The Glands Regulating Personality Besides, all the other glands of internal secretion beat in rhythm, fluctuate in their activities, may divide prematurely the tides or dam them completely. The Glands Regulating Personality Physiologists are apt to look for a particular gland to produce every internal secretion. Hormones and Heredity And again, each of the glands of internal secretion plays a part, but most importantly the thyroid, the suprarenal cortex and the interstitial sex glands. The Glands Regulating Personality A low potential, like instability of an internal secretion gland, may be latent, and not made manifest until the proper stimulus, the maximum amount of stress and strain, like accident, disease, shock or war, arrives. The Glands Regulating Personality Femininity and masculinity are expressions of the interplay of all the internal secretions. The Glands Regulating Personality Moral attitudes differ at the two ages, not so much as an effect of experience, as expressions of different visceral pressures produced by newly dominant internal secretions. The Glands Regulating Personality And answers that the only conceivable one is a chemical influence through products of metabolism and specific internal secretions. Hormones and Heredity But no better examples could be given, off-hand, of the determining stamp of the internal secretions upon mind, character and conduct. The Glands Regulating Personality Family disturbances of the internal secretions of the extreme sort denominated disease are well known. The Glands Regulating Personality In consequence some definite information about the parathyroids is available, even though their internal secretion has never been isolated, or its existence established as more than an inference. The Glands Regulating Personality Now the parathyroids, among all the glands of internal secretion, seem to act as the prime regulators of the amount of lime held within the blood and cells. The Glands Regulating Personality Something has gone out of it that helped it to bind lime, and without that essential something, the internal secretion presumably of the parathyroids, the lime departs. The Glands Regulating Personality The Kinetic Chain is about as good a case as there is of the glands of internal secretion co-operating. The Glands Regulating Personality Most material and vital of these influences are the common diseases of children, for they strike directly at the glands of internal secretion. The Glands Regulating Personality There is no better way of illustrating the influence of the internal secretions upon the normal than the analysis of the variation of traits with variations in glandular predominances. The Glands Regulating Personality The bicuspids and second permanent molars erupt around puberty, when profound readjustments are going on among the glands of internal secretion. The Glands Regulating Personality All the other internal secretions have their say in the final outcome, determining what may be called the dominant sex quality, but leaving inherent the latent soil of the other sex. The Glands Regulating Personality What concerns us now is its internal secretion or secretions. The Glands Regulating Personality But as we have seen, a deficiency of an internal secretion, an endocrine inferiority, reverberates throughout all the cells. The Glands Regulating Personality As emphasized, pregnancy is the time, among the internal secretions, of a great uprooting and stirring, of fundamental and cataclysmic changes in the most intimate chemistry of the cells. The Glands Regulating Personality The exploration of the internal secretions has brought us an explanation and an understanding of why child-bearing is a nuisance. The Glands Regulating Personality The elasticity of the skin is another quality that varies with the concentration in the blood of the internal secretions. The Glands Regulating Personality Until puberty this children's hair remains the same, although at times, particularly after dentition, and after infectious diseases which undoubtedly alter the relations of the internal secretions, changes of color and texture occur. The Glands Regulating Personality Not only do the internal secretions open up before us the great hope—that Life at last will cease to stumble and grope and blunder, manacled by the iron chains of inexorable cause and effect. The Glands Regulating Personality We shall have to consider this in greater detail when we analyze the internal secretion basis of masculinity and femininity. The Glands Regulating Personality Man in relation to the internal secretions we have considered in reviewing the interstitial cells. The Glands Regulating Personality The masculine personality, the combination of masculine, e.g., adrenal cortex and gonad internal secretion predominance, is built for aggression. The Glands Regulating Personality For different glands of internal secretion have been found responsible for them. The Glands Regulating Personality All the glands of internal secretion, in fact, shrink and shrivel as old age advances. The Glands Regulating Personality The placenta, an organ and gland of internal secretion newly formed in the uterus, when the fertilized ovum successfully imbeds itself within it, must be considered in any analysis of the transfigurations of child-bearing. The Glands Regulating Personality They are such solely because of the right concentration in the blood of the substances manufactured not only by these cells, but by all the glands of internal secretion. The Glands Regulating Personality The pineal glands of a number of young bullocks were obtained and used for feeding, to see whether an overaction of the internal secretion could be produced. The Glands Regulating Personality Scattered here and there among the definitely glandular cell groups creating the external secretion are smaller collections of cells, called the islets of Langerhans, which have been demonstrated to elaborate the internal secretion. The Glands Regulating Personality In short, viewing the internal secretions as determinants, by their quantitative variations, of a host of biologic phenomena furnishes a concrete and detailed foundation for Darwin's theory of pangenesis. The Glands Regulating Personality In their ensemble, the glands of internal secretion wield a determining influence upon the development of the individual from his very inception. The Glands Regulating Personality As closely connected with the internal secretions as are the bones of the face and the skull are the teeth. The Glands Regulating Personality Eyes present clues to internal secretion constitutions dependent upon influences of architecture and function. The Glands Regulating Personality Feeding and environment indirectly, the state of the internal secretions as a whole directly, determine this. The Glands Regulating Personality The internal secretions are the most hopeful and promising of the reagents for control yet come upon by the human mind. The Glands Regulating Personality There can be no doubt that hunger is the expression of a certain specific concentration of internal secretion or secretions in the blood. The Glands Regulating Personality To the student of the internal secretions the lines, expressions, attitudes are important for they tell of the state of tensions and strains in the vegetative apparatus with which they are inseparably connected. The Glands Regulating Personality There are certain general statements about the teeth and the internal secretions that can be made. The Glands Regulating Personality There is a curious variation among the different internal secretion types in the reaction of the skin to stroking. The Glands Regulating Personality To what extent that shadow spreads depends upon the strength of the other glands of internal secretion, their ability to compensate or to stay inhibited. The Glands Regulating Personality The preservation of the resilience is a function of the internal secretions. The Glands Regulating Personality In the chapter on the glands of internal secretion as an interlocking directorate, certain generalities were stated as the laws of the government of the organism's life by them in association with the vegetative apparatus. The Glands Regulating Personality As with the other exemplars of genius examined we need here, too, to gain some insight into his "internal secretion heredity." The Glands Regulating Personality The problem of rejuvenation is the problem of recharging, or replacing all of the glands of internal secretion, at least the most important, the thyroid, the pituitary and the adrenals, as well as the gonads. The Glands Regulating Personality Senility inevitably follows maturity, not as night follows day by a mathematical necessity, but because of the process of degeneration which ultimately overtakes all the glands of internal secretion, dominant as well as subordinate. The Glands Regulating Personality The science of education has yet to begin, as the offspring of that science of the future, to which knowledge of the internal secretions will contribute no little, the science of puericulture. The Glands Regulating Personality Knowing the state of the internal secretion reservoirs enables us to predict the liability to certain of these infections of childhood. The Glands Regulating Personality The ubiquitous and deep-seated influence of the internal secretions upon life and personality comprises but a fraction of what is known, and only a hint of what is to become known. The Glands Regulating Personality Resemblances may be partial or complete, and the degree will depend upon the amount and ratio of the internal secretions involved. The Glands Regulating Personality Certain foods with aphrodisiac qualities may act by stimulating the internal secretion of the sex glands. The Glands Regulating Personality Like possibilities apply to all the other glands of internal secretion. The Glands Regulating Personality Granting that all of society should one day see him and his kind as a peculiar and specific constitutional product of an odd intermixture of internal secretions, what should be done with him and them? The Glands Regulating Personality Nothing is more evident than the diversified nature of the needs of the various internal secretion types, once they are realized as such. The Glands Regulating Personality So by analogy we may explain all somatic and psychic differentiation as functions of the glands of internal secretion. The Glands Regulating Personality Nor need anyone fear that the science of the internal secretions in its maturity will signify the abolition of the marvelous differences between human beings that create the unique personalities of history. The Glands Regulating Personality A corresponding increase or decrease in function of the gland of internal secretion and so, 4. The Glands Regulating Personality No matter how she would have conditioned his vegetative system temporarily, his internal secretions, released then from compression, would have asserted themselves and determined his fate differently. The Glands Regulating Personality We have noted in previous chapters the relation of neurasthenia to the glands of internal secretion in general, and to adrenal insufficiency in particular. The Glands Regulating Personality Then gradually the ante-pituitary gained an ascendency in the concert of her internal secretions, so coloring her life with its masculine tints, and altering her face as well as her disposition. The Glands Regulating Personality A man's chief gift to his children is his internal secretion composition. The Glands Regulating Personality The thymus is the great inhibitor of all the glands of internal secretion. The Glands Regulating Personality Their relative deficiency in internal secretions constitutes the essence of the White Man's Burden. The Glands Regulating Personality For the deficiency of the internal secretions which made him eligible for glory was responsible as well as for his downfall. The Glands Regulating Personality How are they to be interpreted in terms of the internal secretions? The Glands Regulating Personality Is there a quantitative addition of internal glandular tendencies in the germplasm, or a more complex rearrangement dependent upon reactions between all the internal secretions? The Glands Regulating Personality Natural ability grows in an endocrine soil of a particular kind, perhaps affected by the internal secretions much as natural soil is by fertilizers like phosphates or nitrates. The Glands Regulating Personality Among the commonest manifestations of insanity are excitements and depressions, apathies and manias, hallucinations, delusions and obsessions, all of which are reproducible under known conditions of internal secretion excess or failure. The Glands Regulating Personality The direct action of the internal secretions upon the brain cells, producing a sort of hair trigger situation within them, may cause the explosive discharges from them which appear as overpowering impulses or uncontrollable conduct. The Glands Regulating Personality The determination of endocrine type and tendencies, the prediction of the future personality, during childhood is one of the developments confidently to be looked for, as our knowledge of the internal secretions will grow. The Glands Regulating Personality As the internal secretions influence the history of the food in the body, they affect development in the womb indirectly as well as directly. The Glands Regulating Personality It is upon this zone of ossification that the various growth influences appear to focus and concentrate their efforts, among them the internal secretions. The Glands Regulating Personality But, on the internal secretion side, the boy may be definitely masculine. The Glands Regulating Personality Ultimately it acts, too, as a gland of internal secretion, influencing the internal secretions of the mother, and also those of the embryo. The Glands Regulating Personality In a good many women, nervous and mental phenomena herald the expected menstruation because of a complete upset of the balance between the internal secretions, with resulting disturbance of the nervous system. The Glands Regulating Personality That means the encouragement of matings in which all the internal secretion activities are reinforced. The Glands Regulating Personality Acuteness of perception, memory, logical thought, imagination, conception, emotional expression or inhibition and the entire content of consciousness are influenced by the internal secretions. The Glands Regulating Personality The internal secretions and the vegetative system mediate the primary soul stuff. The Glands Regulating Personality In all their relations, mutually reacting effects and defects, excesses and deficiencies, the internal secretions set up psychic echoes and reflections. The Glands Regulating Personality Man is likewise a creation of the chemical wheels within wheels and springs within springs that are his glands of internal secretion. The Glands Regulating Personality The physiology of the internal secretions teaches that human nature does change and can be changed. The Glands Regulating Personality So it is with the associated reactions of the internal secretions. The Glands Regulating Personality Our knowledge of the glands of internal secretions as an interlocking directorate presiding over all the functions of the organism is still exceedingly meagre. The Glands Regulating Personality The subconscious, of which the vegetative apparatus is the physical basis, leads back to the internal secretions for the profoundest springs of its secrets. The Glands Regulating Personality Environment, habit-formation, training, education serve only to bring out the internal secretion make-up of the girl, or to suppress and distort and so spoil her. The Glands Regulating Personality The study of the internal secretions is putting and will put the most powerful apparatus for the control of the abnormal into our hands. The Glands Regulating Personality Indeed, the premenstrual period furnishes a direct clue to the dominating internal secretion in a woman. The Glands Regulating Personality Even before puberty, cyclic variations of health and conduct may be observed in boys and girls which undoubtedly depend upon currents among the internal secretions. The Glands Regulating Personality He meant that woman is a woman, the sort of woman she specifically is, because of her internal secretions. The Glands Regulating Personality But it is just as true that man is man because of his internal secretions. The Glands Regulating Personality That being impossible, he will have to be satisfied with the answer that it is not a germ, but an internal secretion, or rather a defect of internal secretion that is the cause. The Glands Regulating Personality The endocrine is concerned with the fundamental chemistry of sex, the internal secretions, which determine the chemical reactions that provide the free energy for the sex process. The Glands Regulating Personality It is impossible to review here in detail all the facts accumulated concerning the influence of the internal secretions upon all the processes of mind, intellectual and emotional. The Glands Regulating Personality Sex exhibition differs in man and woman because of the differently combined internal secretions that are their substrates. The Glands Regulating Personality Each time the babe reacts to a pleasant or unpleasant stimulus, there is an outpouring of certain internal secretions, a cessation of others, a tingling of certain vegetative nerves and organs, a hushing of others. The Glands Regulating Personality That is, the drug produced temporarily the effects of the internal secretion lacking or insufficient. The Glands Regulating Personality So likewise the forces of sex, essentially the forces of the internal secretions, mould and sculpt and mould again the woman out of the flesh and blood. The Glands Regulating Personality One sees it clearly as a play of an internal secretion syndicate. The Glands Regulating Personality Here enters upon the scene that organ of external and internal secretion, the prostate, the most important of the accessory sex glands in the male. The Glands Regulating Personality Without internal secretions and a vegetative system there could be no soul, in the sense of complex emotion. The Glands Regulating Personality The term endocrine dominants brings up the inquiries of Mendelism, and the relation of Mendelian conceptions of dominant and recessive to the internal secretions. The Glands Regulating Personality Now there are, besides the associated vegetative-endocrine reactions, certain inborn automatic processes in the vegetative system and in the internal secretion system, which work automatically to produce increased intravisceral pressures. The Glands Regulating Personality Depending upon where in the internal secretion chain the weak point, the Achilles' heel spot, will be found, the nature of the reaction will vary. The Glands Regulating Personality These samples of premenstrual internal secretion reaction are the extremes of a vast number and variety of types. The Glands Regulating Personality Yet evidence forces us to conclude that they are also glands of internal secretion, that their internal secretion substitutes to a certain extent for the loss of that of the placenta but not quite. The Glands Regulating Personality It has been said that what radium is to chemistry, the internal secretions are to physiology. The Glands Regulating Personality Mind, the slippery phantom, now becomes controllable for the purposes of everyday life, because we can put our fingers upon, touch, handle and change these material factors, the internal secretions and the vegetative system. The Glands Regulating Personality Primarily, when he is born, he represents a particular inherited combination of different glands of internal secretion. The Glands Regulating Personality Its importance and function as a gland of internal secretion has become known only recently. The Glands Regulating Personality It is a dogma to state that the internal secretions of sex do not begin to function until after puberty. The Glands Regulating Personality If one gland of internal secretion acts as the centre of the system and the others as satellites, we should be able to trace what happens to it in the different generations. The Glands Regulating Personality The internal secretions influence the amount and duration of the memory deposits. The Glands Regulating Personality The material summarized in the preceding paragraphs furnish some slight inkling of the vast dominion of Sex, in all its relations, somatic and spiritual, over which the glands of internal secretions rule. The Glands Regulating Personality The years 1855-1856 beheld two other important glands of internal secretion, the thyroid, the gland in the neck astride the windpipe, and the thymus, in the chest above the heart, make their debut. The Glands Regulating Personality All these characters, tall or short, fat or lean, are related to the activity of a gland of internal secretion in the head, the pituitary, which became a centre of interest in the late eighties. The Glands Regulating Personality But with the internal secretions as the controllable controllers of mutations, the outlook changes. The Glands Regulating Personality But they have been also found to hold secretory cells not concerned with the making of the reproductive corpuscles, but, as all the evidence indicates, with the manufacture of an internal secretion. The Glands Regulating Personality A classic example of a gland of internal secretion lodged in the interstices of a gland of external secretion is thus furnished by the gonads. The Glands Regulating Personality He will be taken up in the consideration of internal secretion personalities. The Glands Regulating Personality The tadpole as a reagent to test out the growth effects of different glands of internal secretion has also been employed for the pineal. The Glands Regulating Personality On the other hand, those internal secretion combinations, generally leading to a deficiency of all of them which produce types of mental defectives, delinquency and crime should not be allowed to occur. The Glands Regulating Personality The advantages and disadvantages are before us of having, in the glands of internal secretion, an interlocking directorate, rulers over all the varied and manifold activities of the organism. The Glands Regulating Personality In general there is reciprocity and team work among the internal secretions. The Glands Regulating Personality The third partner is the glands of internal secretion, which act upon the viscera both directly and indirectly through the check and drive effect upon the vegetative nerves. The Glands Regulating Personality Or to put it in another way, we think and feel primarily with the vegetative apparatus, with our muscles, especially the involuntary, with our viscera, and particularly with our internal secretions. The Glands Regulating Personality The dietetic habits of a person, for instance, are known to have an influence upon the glands of internal secretion. The Glands Regulating Personality In short, at every step of his life, in every relation and association, in every expression of the inner forces that control his being, the normal individual is influenced by his internal secretions. The Glands Regulating Personality The internal secretion theory of the process offers, for the first time, an explanation that is coherent and comprehensive, based upon concrete and detailed observations. The Glands Regulating Personality Inquiries into morbid phenomena with a hereditary trend yielded information that has paved the way for the internal secretion theory. The Glands Regulating Personality The adrenal cortex is one source of the maturity-producing internal secretions. The Glands Regulating Personality These factors are two: the quality of the nerve tissue, its ability to make a number of associations, and the quantity of the internal secretions, measured by the maximum obtainable in a given situation. The Glands Regulating Personality Nearly everything that possibly could be determined about an internal secretion has in its case been settled or plausibly guessed at. The Glands Regulating Personality The characteristic staining power appears to be dependent upon, or correlated with, the presence of the internal secretion of the medulla of the adrenal, adrenalin. The Glands Regulating Personality The chemical interaction of the internal secretions is not the only way in which they influence each other. The Glands Regulating Personality A brief review of how the idea of a gland of internal secretion came into the human mind and of the contributions that have converged into a single body of knowledge is worth while. The Glands Regulating Personality What contribution to a more rational treatment of the criminal will the study of the internal secretions make? The Glands Regulating Personality There are certain terms for the glands of internal secretion which are used interchangeably. The Glands Regulating Personality The years 1855-56 are red-letter years in the history of the glands of internal secretion. The Glands Regulating Personality The other glands of internal secretion to be sketched will each, when the marvels of its business in the cell-corporation are considered, present itself as candidate for the honors of the president. The Glands Regulating Personality Withal, the brilliant work of Bayliss and Starling stands as the third great foundation stone, the first Claude Bernard's and the second Brown-Séquard's, in the architecture of the modern concepts of the internal secretions. The Glands Regulating Personality The combination of the internal secretions and the vegetative system has been spoken of as the vegetative or autonomic apparatus. The Glands Regulating Personality In such enthusiasm for the thyroid as a determinant of evolution, its pillar of cloud by day and column of fire by night, one should not forget the other glands of internal secretion. The Glands Regulating Personality Death can be produced by successive daily injections of its internal secretion. The Glands Regulating Personality The mental state varies with the degree of deprivation of the internal secretion of the thyroid. The Glands Regulating Personality Again, we have an example of the curious atavism of the internal secretions. The Glands Regulating Personality But it is not only in the shaping of the normal individual's architecture that the internal secretions dominate. The Glands Regulating Personality Just what are the glands of internal secretion? The Glands Regulating Personality All the tissues, in our view, are modifiers of the blood by means of an internal secretion taken from them by the venous blood. The Glands Regulating Personality Thyroxin is accepted today as the purified internal secretion of the thyroid because all the effects of the whole gland may be elicited with it. The Glands Regulating Personality Like most of its colleagues among the glands of internal secretion, it is really two glands in one, two glands with but a single name. The Glands Regulating Personality The question of color is very interesting, for it is probably the expression of the blending action of the different internal secretions. The Glands Regulating Personality Here at last was an example of those mysterious internal secretions, the existence of which had indeed been postulated and proven, but which had never actually been inspected by the eye of mortal man. The Glands Regulating Personality That illustrates some of the power of the internal secretion of the thyroid and its importance to normal life. The Glands Regulating Personality No other gland of internal secretion can adequately substitute for it. The Glands Regulating Personality The nature of instinct, in its relation to the glands of internal secretion, is a problem for another chapter. The Glands Regulating Personality Besides its action upon the sex cells and the brain cells, the internal secretion of the adrenal cortex acts upon the pigment cells of the skin, blunting their sensitiveness to light. The Glands Regulating Personality Some of the glands of internal secretion act as accelerators to the sex glands. The Glands Regulating Personality For the internal secretion of the thyroid has a selective affinity for the autonomic or activating system, while that of the adrenals has a selective affinity for the sympathetic or inhibiting system. The Glands Regulating Personality The stomach cell may, therefore, be regarded as a test-reagent for the different internal secretions, as they affect the check and drive systems. The Glands Regulating Personality There are other internal secretions of the thyroid, with a function of their own, that have no iodine. The Glands Regulating Personality That it might perhaps be, in a sense, a gland of internal secretion was a despised theory. The Glands Regulating Personality In the normal animal, to be sure, the internal secretion of the thyroid is not absolutely essential to life. The Glands Regulating Personality A gelatinous material, presumed to be the internal secretion of the gland, has, in fact, been observed emerging from the cells into the blood spaces. The Glands Regulating Personality From the posterior lobe, pituitrin, believed its internal secretion, has been obtained in solution. The Glands Regulating Personality All normal as well as abnormal individuals are classifiable according to the internal secretions which rule in their make-up. The Glands Regulating Personality And of all these, the glands of internal secretion stand out as the most susceptible to change. The Glands Regulating Personality The internal secretions constitute and determine much of the inherited powers of the individual and their development They control physical and mental growth and all the metabolic processes of fundamental importance. The Glands Regulating Personality Every bit of evidence points towards the internal secretions as the holders of the secrets of our inmost being. The Glands Regulating Personality Brown-Séquard added to the concept of internal secretions, fathered by Claude Bernard, the idea of a correlation, a mutual influencing of them and of the different organs of the body through them. The Glands Regulating Personality Secretin and its properties they used to generalize as a perfectly direct and amply demonstrable example of an internal secretion. The Glands Regulating Personality These subsidiary companies have their own glands of internal secretion as their directors. The Glands Regulating Personality The glands of internal secretion, here, as in so many other dark places, provide the open sesame to certain long closed doors of biology. The Glands Regulating Personality All we can say about it is that it is probably due to a paralysis of all the glands of internal secretion, a removal of their influence upon the cells. The Glands Regulating Personality But as every physiologist since has acknowledged, he was and remains the great path-breaker in the conquest of the internal secretions. The Glands Regulating Personality The glands of internal secretion, the history of which, as tools of thought, I reviewed in the previous chapter, have each an interesting evolutionary story. The Glands Regulating Personality One is the amount of the circulating internal secretions. The Glands Regulating Personality Nerves and internal secretion are associated here with a closeness symbolic of their general relations. The Glands Regulating Personality In women, there is a degree of masculinity, as the adrenal in women makes for masculinity, neutralising more or less the specifically feminine influences of the internal secretions of the ovary. The Glands Regulating Personality These so-called secondary sexual characteristics are an expression of the influence of the internal secretion of the gonads, or the interstitial glands. The Glands Regulating Personality In any attempt at measurement of men and women, the quality and quantity of the internal secretion of the interstitial cells must be respected as a fundamental consideration. The Glands Regulating Personality The third consists of the number and vitality and limitations of the terminal receiving cells acted upon by the nerve filaments, which in their turn have been acted upon by the internal secretions. The Glands Regulating Personality Individuals have been reported suffering from an insufficiency of the internal secretion of parathyroids, with a sudden extreme depression, nervousness and restlessness, an inability to sleep or sit still, and a tremulous handwriting. The Glands Regulating Personality The influence of the glands of internal secretion upon the mind we must consider, but at present postpone. The Glands Regulating Personality The problem of the internal secretions was now attacked from another angle. The Glands Regulating Personality The sect exists today, and some of the most interesting studies of the internal secretion of the interstitial glands have been made among them. The Glands Regulating Personality There are other minor glands of internal secretions. The Glands Regulating Personality To Berthold belongs the honor of being the first experimental demonstrator who proved the reality of a gland with a true internal secretion and the power it exercised through the blood upon the entire organism. The Glands Regulating Personality Besides, he showed that a typical gland of external secretion could also have an internal secretion, a possibility never before considered. The Glands Regulating Personality Yet, when the time comes for the internal secretion of the thyroid to put in its oar in the metabolic game, its presence or absence makes all the difference in the world to the individual. The Glands Regulating Personality Supplying the internal secretion of the gland promptly repeats the transformation. The Glands Regulating Personality Of this corporation the glands of internal secretion are the directors. The Glands Regulating Personality All this clarification of the concept of the glands of internal secretion occurred in the first quarter of the nineteenth century. The Glands Regulating Personality That two kinds of cells could live within the same gland: one set usually recognized as producing the external secretion, the other evolving the internal secretion, was an astounding original conception. The Glands Regulating Personality Moreover, the process of liberation of sugar from glycogen itself in the liver, upon demand, is today set down to the action of an internal secretion, adrenalin. The Glands Regulating Personality Today, the blood is believed merely the transporting medium for the internal secretion, destined for a particular group of cells. The Glands Regulating Personality The truth as we of today view it is that these two types represent different textures of human beings, fabricated of different internal secretions. The Glands Regulating Personality The control of the glands of internal secretion waits upon our knowledge of them, the nature and precise composition of the substances manufactured by them, and just what they do to the cells. The Glands Regulating Personality But it applies specifically to the internal secretion, and not to the gland. The Glands Regulating Personality The life of every individual, normal or abnormal, his physical appearance, and his psychic traits, are dominated largely by his internal secretions. The Glands Regulating Personality Individuals, families, nations and races show definite internal secretion traits, which stamp them with the quality of difference. The Glands Regulating Personality They may indeed be watched as an index scale or barometer of the general tone of the whole internal secretion system. The Glands Regulating Personality The internal secretion formula of an individual may, in the future, constitute his measurement which will place him accurately in the social system. The Glands Regulating Personality The most precious bit of knowledge we possess today about Man is that he is the creature of his glands of internal secretion. The Glands Regulating Personality Brown-Séquard, as the outstanding figure in the history of the glands of internal secretion, deserves some notice as a personality. The Glands Regulating Personality The study of the internal secretions has advanced by leaps and bounds since it became convenient to speak of them as hormones. The Glands Regulating Personality Eunuchs and eunuchoids, that is, individuals with insufficient internal secretion of the interstitial cells, have longer bones and more fragile bones than the normal. The Glands Regulating Personality They would have us deliver a Scotch verdict upon all the questions which arise as soon as one attempts to take in the more general significance of the glands of internal secretion. The Glands Regulating Personality This was the man with whom the modern history of the internal secretions begins. The Glands Regulating Personality The inference was the existence of an internal secretion. The Glands Regulating Personality As a result, forty years elapsed before the implications of his studies were rediscovered by the Columbus of the modern approach to the internal secretions, the American Frenchman, Brown-Séquard. The Glands Regulating Personality They are believed by some to elaborate the specific internal secretion of the thymus. The Glands Regulating Personality He looked upon an internal secretion as simply maintaining the normal composition of the blood, which bathed alike and treated alike the democracy of cells. The Glands Regulating Personality To them, any man who relates the internal secretions to anything, outside of the routineer's paths, puts his reputation at stake, if he has any reputation at all to start in with. The Glands Regulating Personality Femininity and masculinity have a definite chemical basis in the reactions of the internal secretions of which they are the expression. The Glands Regulating Personality The explanation of these different sex types consists in the different admixtures of the internal secretions possible and actual. The Glands Regulating Personality The life of every individual, in every stage, is dominated largely by his glands of internal secretion. The Glands Regulating Personality Puberty, with its tremendous changes in the glands of internal secretion, when one can almost hear the clicks and the whirring of the wheels in the internal machinery, may transform. The Glands Regulating Personality The heredity of the internal secretions determines that the offspring of these women are bound to be pituitary unstable, the least desirable of endocrine instabilities because of the concomitant mental effects. The Glands Regulating Personality As emphasized, the internal secretions are like tuning keys, and tighten or loosen the strings of the organism-instrument, the nerves. The Glands Regulating Personality Each of these is the echo in the mind of cells stimulated or depressed, by concentration or dilution in the blood of particular internal secretions. The Glands Regulating Personality Conversely, given the physical and psychic composition of an individual, and his past history, one may deduce the internal secretion type to which he belongs. The Glands Regulating Personality By far the greater number of mental disturbances due to aberrations of the internal secretions never see an asylum or a doctor. The Glands Regulating Personality We have here an illustration of internal secretion lack actually producing gross changes in the brain. The Glands Regulating Personality This brings us to the relation of the internal secretions to the type of personality as a whole. The Glands Regulating Personality It is the highest synthesis of the studies of the internal secretions that certain combinations of them, permutations and blendings of them, are responsible for those unique wonders of the universe, personalities. The Glands Regulating Personality What is the secret of the variable internal secretion admixtures? The Glands Regulating Personality |
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