英语词汇“in vivo”造句的方法、技巧、例句及翻译-英语例句辞典

Her familiarity with the way the songs work to advance character and story in vivo naturally informs her in vitro style, which is actorly to begin with. Sondheim Two Ways, From Judy Collins and Melissa Errico 2017-11-28T05:00:00Z

Her book becomes a nifty twofer, a meditation on how four men and one woman experienced death both in vivo, so to speak, and in their art. Review: In ‘The Violet Hour,’ Great Writers Facing the Inevitable 2016-03-09T05:00:00Z

Some men – gay or straight – like to role-play in vivo at being female and receiving penetration, domination or punishment by a man or woman. I’m a straight man but I am disturbed by my fantasy of being a woman having sex with a guy 2018-10-22T04:00:00Z

Biocompatibility of the softening IV needle was validated through in vivo studies in mice. An intravenous needle that irreversibly softens via body temperature on insertion? 2023-11-13T05:00:00Z

"That makes the data very exciting, because it's really consistent from mouse to human islets in vitro, as well as both mouse and nonhuman primate in vivo," said Dr. Chen. Drug screen points toward novel diabetes treatments 2023-11-09T05:00:00Z

"Accumulated evidence supports an antihypertensive effect of probiotics and probiotic fermented foods in both in vitro and in vivo experiments," said computational biologist Jun Li, Ph.D., at the City University of Hong Kong. Two probiotics identified as promising hypertension treatments 2023-10-19T04:00:00Z

They have used baker's yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, as an in vivo model for human cells. Graphene oxide reduces the toxicity of Alzheimer's proteins 2023-10-04T04:00:00Z

The Gates in vivo–editing push largely funds U.S. researchers, she notes. Gene-editing summit touts sickle cell success, while questions on embryo editing linger 2023-03-12T05:00:00Z

This makes it particularly important for scientists to pursue in vivo experiments, which are more challenging to carry out than in vitro ones. Little is known about the health impacts of microplastics in our soils 2022-09-29T04:00:00Z

An in vivo approach for blindness disorders, where the gene editor is injected into the eye, is also showing tentative benefits. CRISPR infusion eliminates swelling in those with rare inflammatory disease 2022-09-16T04:00:00Z

Describe possible consequences for the integration of information if this in vitro growth also occurs in vivo. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z

National Park Service, recommendations of the World Trails Network and the in vivo standards of neighboring trail systems. Building the First Long-Distance Hiking Trail in Kurdistan 2022-04-20T04:00:00Z

Many questions about the birds’ magnetic compass remain, including whether the magnetic field effects on robin Cry4a observed in vitro also exist in vivo. How Migrating Birds Use Quantum Effects to Navigate 2022-03-15T04:00:00Z

Now, you’ve got 1 week to tell us which of three contenders will take home the honor: Will it be ancient soil DNA, in vivo CRISPR, or protein structure prediction by artificial intelligence? Cast your final vote for Science’s 2021 Breakthrough of the Year 2021-12-06T05:00:00Z

Other teams are also testing in vivo gene editing to treat various diseases. CRISPR infusion eliminates swelling in those with rare inflammatory disease 2022-09-16T04:00:00Z

Zhang’s team also has unpublished results from an in vivo study with mice, showing efficacy against the coronavirus and no evidence of toxicity. Nanotechnology Offers New Ways to Fight an Endless Pandemic 2021-10-15T04:00:00Z

“Experience has shown that the kind of in vitro data or even mouse model data cited here is not a reliable predictor of in vivo behavior,” he says. First drug for dengue, an excruciating disease, may be on the horizon 2021-10-06T04:00:00Z

Drawing on these methods, he adds, will help the further development of in vivo bioprinting. 3-D Printing inside the Body Could Patch Stomach Ulcers 2020-09-22T04:00:00Z

Zhang et al. used neuroimaging techniques to show that light activates the neurons in tissue slices, but proof will involve applying these techniques in vivo. Light-activated neurons deep in the brain control body heat 2020-09-01T04:00:00Z

To deliver the gene editor in vivo, the company wrapped that guide RNA plus a messenger RNA encoding the enzyme in a lipid nanoparticle. CRISPR infusion eliminates swelling in those with rare inflammatory disease 2022-09-16T04:00:00Z

Another barrier is that many of the in vivo studies on these materials have used a diverse range of protocols, making them difficult to compare. Nanotechnology Offers New Ways to Fight an Endless Pandemic 2021-10-15T04:00:00Z

Answering this question will require measurements of cellular forces and stiffness in vivo, which is still a major challenge. Stretch exercises for stem cells expand the skin 2020-07-28T04:00:00Z

They then used these data to interpret the results of another assay that identifies the RNA sequences bound by RNA-binding proteins in vivo. Expanded ENCODE delivers invaluable genomic encyclopedia 2020-07-28T04:00:00Z

Next, the two teams depleted PTB in vivo in the adult mouse brain. Method to combat Parkinson’s disease by astrocyte-to-neuron conversion 2020-06-23T04:00:00Z

However, Amor and colleagues found that uPAR is highly expressed in senescent cells both in vitro and in vivo. T cells engineered to target senescence 2020-06-16T04:00:00Z

To investigate the relationship between NETs and cancer cells in vivo, the authors transplanted breast cancer cells of human or mouse origin into mice, and analysed metastatic tumour cells. Neutrophil ‘safety net’ causes cancer cells to metastasize and proliferate 2020-06-10T04:00:00Z

One of them, ebselen, is already in clinical trials for the treatment of bipolar disorder and hearing loss, and the group is preparing animal tests to study its activity in vivo, says Yang. The sprint to solve coronavirus protein structures — and disarm them with drugs 2020-05-14T04:00:00Z

Findings from cell culture do not always translate to complex in vivo settings. A receptor that lets dementia-associated tau proteins into neurons 2020-03-31T04:00:00Z

The authors report that administering a mixture of these three metabolites had remarkable anti-inflammatory effects in vivo — inhibiting disease in a mouse model of arthritis and limiting the rejection of lung transplants in mice. Ghostly metabolic messages from dying cells 2020-03-17T04:00:00Z

Using complementary approaches in vitro and in yeast cells, Gallego and colleagues provided evidence for the existence of the reaction chamber in vivo. Chromatin modified in a molecular reaction chamber 2020-03-10T04:00:00Z

However, direct investigation of these crosslinks is not possible in cellular or in vivo systems using available technologies. A safe fix for alcohol-derived DNA damage 2020-03-03T05:00:00Z

In addition, it would be valuable to visualize the aggregates in vivo, perhaps using electron microscopy, to obtain a clear picture of what a macrophage–platelet aggregate really looks like. Platelets have a dangerous hold over immune cells in cardiovascular disease 2019-12-08T05:00:00Z

Just when I thought Dana Milbank had reached the pinnacle of success with his clever columns, he outdid himself with “The quid pro quo show, now in vivo.” Opinion | Readers critique The Post: Never forget Harriet Tubman 2019-11-01T04:00:00Z

Dong and colleagues’ work is an urgent summons to immunologists interested in tumour biology and to others to consider bioforces when assessing T cells in vitro to gauge the potential of their TCRs in vivo. The structure of a T-cell mechanosensor 2019-09-08T04:00:00Z

These distinctive patterns of gene expression suggested that the two cell populations might perform non-overlapping functions in vivo. Two types of fibroblast drive arthritis 2019-05-28T04:00:00Z

"Using in vivo electroretinogram recordings, we show that there is a decrease in retinal sensitivity to light in marine invertebrates when exposed to reduced oxygen availability," the study's abstract reads. Octopuses may go blind from climate change, study warns 2019-05-20T04:00:00Z

These are likely to be short-term obstacles, however, because many laboratories are actively pursuing and improving methods for altering proteins in cultured cells, and even in vivo. An ‘on’ switch for proteins 2019-05-07T04:00:00Z

The results provide some of the strongest in vivo evidence so far to support a role for Rb loss in driving not only cancer initiation, but also its progression. Manipulating the tumour-suppressor protein Rb in lung cancer reveals possible drug targets 2019-04-30T04:00:00Z

Deactivated viruses, liposomes and nanoparticles are therefore being tested as vehicles by which to convey the genome-editing machinery to faulty cells in vivo. Manage risk of accidental gene editing of germline 2019-04-22T04:00:00Z

It is likely that other mechanisms also contribute, and the new HFpEF mouse model provides an in vivo platform with which to define them. A mouse model for the most common form of heart failure 2019-04-09T04:00:00Z

They characterized this synthetic lethality using experiments that measured cellular DNA-repair defects and cell-death mechanisms in cells studied in vitro and in vivo. Lethal clues to cancer-cell vulnerability 2019-04-09T04:00:00Z

Questions about how implanted materials assemble and degrade in vivo also linger. Matrix mimics shape cell studies 2019-02-25T05:00:00Z

Longer-term in vivo follow-up is required to prove that this therapy would not increase the risk of cancer. Inhibition of ‘jumping genes’ promotes healthy ageing 2019-02-05T05:00:00Z

It is therefore crucial to establish an acceptable level of risk to the germ line that allows in vivo somatic editing to proceed. Manage risk of accidental gene editing of germline 2019-04-22T04:00:00Z

Surgeons use Luxturna, the first in vivo gene therapy to be approved by the US Food and Drug Administration, to treat a boy with a genetic eye condition.Credit: Regulating the gene-therapy revolution 2018-12-11T05:00:00Z

These exciting results show that S-nitroso-coenzyme A reductase acts in vivo in mammals to control nitric oxide signalling, which is the third major discovery of the study. Metabolism reprogrammed by the nitric oxide signalling molecule 2018-11-27T05:00:00Z

Charles-Orszag and co-workers now shed light on this mechanism by combining in vivo and in vitro studies with a simple theoretical model. Nanofibres induce remodelling of cell membranes 2018-11-04T04:00:00Z

“Being able to recapitulate some of these complex in vivo structures in vitro is really something that we’re very excited about,” says Musah. Futuristic organ-on-a-chip technology now seems more realistic than ever 2018-10-21T04:00:00Z

Schmidt and colleagues’ technique might transform how gene-expression profiles are monitored in vivo in cells, and it highlights yet another aspect of CRISPR–Cas systems that can be harnessed to make powerful technologies. CRISPR tool puts RNA on the record 2018-10-02T04:00:00Z

The authors validated the reliability of their approach in vivo by attaching the sensing platform to the exposed surface of a rat’s heart. Flexible self-powered biosensors 2018-09-25T04:00:00Z

Seehawer and colleagues made a fortuitous discovery when generating liver cancer in mice by the in vivo delivery of identical cancer-promoting genes. Neighbourhood deaths cause a switch in cancer subtype 2018-09-11T04:00:00Z

The presence of RANK-containing vesicles also triggered mineral deposition by osteoblasts, both in vitro and in mouse skulls in vivo. Receptor becomes a ligand to control bone remodelling 2018-09-04T04:00:00Z

It also remains to be seen whether the tilted DNA–RNA conformation observed by the authors is prevalent in vivo, and how the phosphorylation of pause-inducing factors drives pause release. Transcriptional speed bumps revealed in high resolution 2018-08-21T04:00:00Z

“It’s an in vivo marker of synaptic density,” Carson says. Alzheimer’s disease is getting easier to spot 2018-07-24T04:00:00Z

I don’t think it’s going to be controversial if the basic science and in vivo science is established. Scientists treated a mouse’s genetic disorder in the womb — here’s what’s next 2018-07-19T04:00:00Z

Given the technical challenges involved in measuring certain intermediate molecules in the histidine-degradation pathway, histidine’s contribution to the folate pool still needs to be quantified in vitro and in vivo to validate the authors’ model. Histidine metabolism boosts cancer therapy 2018-07-10T04:00:00Z

As the computational models predicted, the valves adopted a stable tissue architecture in vivo. Taking bioengineered heart valves from faulty to functional 2018-07-01T04:00:00Z

When they are grown in the appropriate conditions, for example with specific growth factors, the stem cells self-organize into structures in which the different cell types are arranged similarly to the in vivo tissue. Stem-cell culture moves to the third dimension 2018-06-10T04:00:00Z

Finally, the authors demonstrated that this drug treatment was also effective in vivo. Pancreatic cancer foiled by a switch of tumour subtype 2018-05-13T04:00:00Z

Integrative analyses show both conservation and divergence in regulatory circuitry between human and mouse early development, and between human pluripotency in vivo and human embryonic stem cells. Chromatin analysis in human early development reveals epigenetic transition during ZGA 2018-05-01T04:00:00Z

Repeatable target localization for long-term in vivo imaging of mice with 2-photon microscopy. Innate immune memory in the brain shapes neurological disease hallmarks 2018-04-10T04:00:00Z

A combination of differential expression and focused in vitro and in vivo RNA interference screens revealed candidate drivers of metastasis that discriminated metastatic clones. Asparagine bioavailability governs metastasis in a model of breast cancer 2018-02-06T05:00:00Z

Long-term propagation of distinct hematopoietic differentiation programs in vivo. From haematopoietic stem cells to complex differentiation landscapes 2018-01-23T05:00:00Z

Using computational and pooled in vivo RNA interference screens, we identify the transcription factor Runx3 as a key regulator of TRM cell differentiation and homeostasis. Runx3 programs CD8⁺ T cell residency in non-lymphoid tissues and tumours 2017-12-05T05:00:00Z

Simultaneous stretching and contraction of stress fibers in vivo. Force loading explains spatial sensing of ligands by cells 2017-12-05T05:00:00Z

Whether immune memory occurs in tissue-resident macrophages in vivo and how it may affect pathology remains largely unknown. Innate immune memory in the brain shapes neurological disease hallmarks 2018-04-10T04:00:00Z

Liposome encapsulated disulfiram inhibits NFκB pathway and targets breast cancer stem cells in vitro and in vivo. Alcohol-abuse drug disulfiram targets cancer via p97 segregase adaptor NPL4 2017-12-05T05:00:00Z

Fundamental properties of unperturbed haematopoiesis from stem cells in vivo. From haematopoietic stem cells to complex differentiation landscapes 2018-01-23T05:00:00Z

Here we show that the acute enforcement of oncogenic TCR signalling in lymphocytes in a mouse model of human T cell lymphoma drives the strong expansion of these cells in vivo. PD-1 is a haploinsufficient suppressor of T cell lymphomagenesis 2017-11-14T05:00:00Z

This table contains simultaneous in vivo and in vitro screening data. NFS1 undergoes positive selection in lung tumours and protects cells from ferroptosis 2017-11-21T05:00:00Z

Here we combine the in vivo and in vitro fusion of yeast vacuoles with molecular simulations to show that tethering proteins are critical for overcoming the final energy barrier to fusion pore formation. A tethering complex drives the terminal stage of SNARE-dependent membrane fusion 2017-10-31T04:00:00Z

Rouzine, I. M., Coffin, J. M. & Weinberger, L. S. Fifteen years later: hard and soft selection sweeps confirm a large population number for HIV in vivo. Lorenzo-Redondo et al. reply 2017-11-21T05:00:00Z

Systemic virus infections differentially modulate cell cycle state and functionality of long-term hematopoietic stem cells in vivo. From haematopoietic stem cells to complex differentiation landscapes 2018-01-23T05:00:00Z

And in vivo gene editing poses additional risks. A human has been injected with gene-editing tools to cure his disabling disease. Here’s what you need to know 2017-11-15T05:00:00Z

Here, using loss-of-function screening based on RNA interference, we show that environmental oxygen levels are a major driver of differential essentiality between in vitro model systems and in vivo tumours. NFS1 undergoes positive selection in lung tumours and protects cells from ferroptosis 2017-11-21T05:00:00Z

The proviral integration pattern was maintained in vivo and epidermal renewal did not cause any clonal selection. Regeneration of the entire human epidermis using transgenic stem cells 2017-11-07T05:00:00Z

Li, Z., Van Aelst, L. & Cline, H. T. Rho GTPases regulate distinct aspects of dendritic arbor growth in Xenopus central neurons in vivo. Kctd13 deletion reduces synaptic transmission via increased RhoA 2017-10-31T04:00:00Z

But, he said, he does not see this paper as the first in vivo proof of ADE. Scientists Solve a Dengue Mystery: Why Second Infection Is Worse than First 2017-11-05T04:00:00Z

Chemical enhancement of in vitro and in vivo direct cardiac reprogramming. Single-cell transcriptomics reconstructs fate conversion from fibroblast to cardiomyocyte 2017-10-24T04:00:00Z

But in a clinical trial, she finds herself relieved that her drug was tested in vivo, probably on cats and dogs. Cancer Humor 2017-10-12T04:00:00Z

“Prior to that there was still some scepticism about whether these phenomena existed in vivo.” How the Internet of cells has biologists buzzing 2017-09-19T04:00:00Z

Together, the Brodies spent the 1970s optimizing aromatase inhibitors and their method of administration, using synthetic compounds and testing them in vivo and in vitro to block oestrogen synthesis. Angela M. Hartley Brodie (1934-2017) : Nature : Nature Research 2017-08-01T04:00:00Z

“This paper, what it does, it shows for the first time the narrow range of antibody concentrations … that actually produces enhancement of disease in vivo,” said Vasilakis, who was not involved in the study. Scientists Solve a Dengue Mystery: Why Second Infection Is Worse than First 2017-11-05T04:00:00Z

This is the medical term for research carried out by computer, as opposed to "in vitro" - think test tubes - and "in vivo" - testing on animals and humans. How 'centaur teams' are speeding up drug discovery - BBC News 2017-07-31T04:00:00Z

For in vivo uses, they need to co-opt fuels that are present in the body, such as glucose, urea or other physiological fluids2. Medical microbots need better imaging and control 2017-05-23T04:00:00Z

When the tumours reached approximately 10 mm in diameter DOX was administered to both groups and the tumour growth rate was monitored in vivo by whole-mouse imaging and tumour measurements. LACTB is a tumour suppressor that modulates lipid metabolism and cell state : Nature : Nature Research 2017-03-21T04:00:00Z

To test the effect of the increasing number of driver mutations and chromosomal instability on tumour growth in vivo, we subcutaneously transplanted organoids from each genotype in mice and followed their progression longitudinally. A distinct role for Lgr5+ stem cells in primary and metastatic colon cancer : Nature : Nature Research 2017-03-28T04:00:00Z

First, many antibodies that perform well in cell culture do not do so in vivo, and some that are unimpressive in cell culture are protective in animals. How to turn competitors into collaborators 2017-01-16T05:00:00Z

To predict how human tissues will respond to new materials before they are tested in clinical trials we must develop standardized in vitro and in vivo evaluation platforms. Make better, safer biomaterials 2016-12-13T05:00:00Z

Combinations of materials, microorganisms, microstructures and functions all need to be tested together in vivo. Medical microbots need better imaging and control 2017-05-23T04:00:00Z

Prions are the prototypical amyloids with in vivo replication properties. The activities of amyloids from a structural perspective : Nature : Nature Research 2016-11-08T05:00:00Z

None of the experiments were blinded and no statistical methods were used to pre-determine sample size for in vivo experiments. A distinct role for Lgr5+ stem cells in primary and metastatic colon cancer : Nature : Nature Research 2017-03-28T04:00:00Z

Further evaluations of how different antibodies summon the immune system and provide protection are now illuminating the differences between in vitro neutralization and in vivo protection. How to turn competitors into collaborators 2017-01-16T05:00:00Z

Key questions remain about the precise mechanisms by which α-synuclein aggregates are released from and enter neurons in vivo. Defects in trafficking bridge Parkinson's disease pathology and genetics : Nature : Nature Research 2016-11-08T05:00:00Z

Thousands of labs worldwide use the calcium sensor GCaMP, for example, for imaging neural activity in vivo. A better way to crack the brain 2016-11-07T05:00:00Z

Given the ability of amyloids to replicate, it is possible that amyloids other than prions might also spread from cell to cell in vivo, as well as from organism to organism. The activities of amyloids from a structural perspective : Nature : Nature Research 2016-11-08T05:00:00Z

Source Data files underlying the graphical representation of all in vivo experiments can be accessed in the online version of this paper. A distinct role for Lgr5+ stem cells in primary and metastatic colon cancer : Nature : Nature Research 2017-03-28T04:00:00Z

The new map is based on multiple MRI measurements, which Yeo says “greatly increases confidence that they are producing the best in vivo estimates of cortical areas”. Human brain mapped in unprecedented detail 2016-07-19T04:00:00Z

We propose that this bile-acid-triggered ‘colonizing germination’ mechanism serves as a conserved in vivo cue to promote colonization by intestinal spore-forming bacteria. Culturing of ‘unculturable’ human microbiota reveals novel taxa and extensive sporulation : Nature : Nature Publishing Group 2016-05-03T04:00:00Z

For those who witnessed it in vivo, it must have been several orders of magnitude worse. In death, an artist and a young woman meet 2016-04-21T04:00:00Z

We tested whether this point mutation accounted for the loss of DC migration in vivo and adaptive immune responses. Corrigendum: NLRP10 is a NOD-like receptor essential to initiate adaptive immunity by dendritic cells : Nature : Nature Publishing Group 2015-11-24T05:00:00Z

When you put it in the cells will undergo expansion in vivo.” Cancer researchers claim 'extraordinary results' using T-cell therapy 2016-02-15T05:00:00Z

“With such a small amount of iron, one has to ask whether in vivo, at physiological temperatures, MagR is capable of possessing magnetic properties at all,” he says. Discovery of long-sought biological compass claimed 2015-11-15T05:00:00Z

Sangamo also plans to apply for permission to do several other in vivo gene-editing trials, including of therapies for the blood diseases haemoglobinopathy and beta thalassemia. Leukaemia success heralds wave of gene-editing therapies 2015-11-04T05:00:00Z

“My main target for the future is in vivo levitation,” Marzo says. Researchers create a sonic tractor beam 2015-10-27T04:00:00Z

The in vivo experiments described in Supplementary Fig. Corrigendum: Selective killing of cancer cells by a small molecule targeting the stress response to ROS : Nature : Nature Publishing Group 2015-09-15T04:00:00Z

Additionally, data can be gathered from in vivo pharmacokinetic or other functional studies, in vitro functional studies, and preclinical and clinical studies that link pharmacological effects or drug concentrations to genetic variation. Pharmacogenomics in the clinic : Nature : Nature Publishing Group 2015-10-13T04:00:00Z

The efficiency and underlying mechanism of this and the other types of in vivo gene editing discussed in this Review are still to be fully determined. Gene therapy returns to centre stage : Nature : Nature Publishing Group 2015-10-13T04:00:00Z

Other challenges of editing in vivo, says Qasim, include ensuring that enough of the target cells actually get edited and that the vector delivers its payload to the right part of the body. Leukaemia success heralds wave of gene-editing therapies 2015-11-04T05:00:00Z

“You want to be able to validate your experimental findings in an in vivo system,” he says. The boom in mini stomachs, brains, breasts, kidneys and more 2015-07-28T04:00:00Z

“Granted, it contains isoflavones, but scientific evidence in support of true in vivo“—meaning in people—”health benefits of tempeh is far from being solid.” Should I Eat Tempeh? 2015-05-21T04:00:00Z

Others conduct in vivo studies by filming astronomers and physicists as they wrestle with unexpected findings. Polls apart 2015-05-12T04:00:00Z

For example, these techniques offered only a limited ability to transfer genes into the most primitive progenitor cells, giving rise to the low-level and transient appearance of gene-corrected haematopoietic cells in vivo. Gene therapy returns to centre stage : Nature : Nature Publishing Group 2015-10-13T04:00:00Z

By the same token, biomedical researchers doing in vivo experiments should use as few animals as possible, but no fewer. Numbers matter 2015-04-14T04:00:00Z

This progressive change in NPC identity aligns well with the in vivo order of developmental events7. Dissecting neural differentiation regulatory networks through epigenetic footprinting : Nature : Nature Publishing Group 2014-12-23T05:00:00Z

Large-scale in vivo epidemiological studies will be important in solving this problem. Infectious disease: Mobilizing Ebola survivors to curb the epidemic 2014-12-16T05:00:00Z

A promising way to avoid these problems is in vivo genome editing, in which mutant genes are corrected in situ rather than replaced. Gene therapy: Genie in a vector : Nature : Nature Publishing Group 2014-11-25T05:00:00Z

Therefore, when delivered in vivo, there is a risk that such nucleases will generate or encounter a preexisting cell-mediated immunity, especially if they are expressed over the long term. Gene therapy returns to centre stage : Nature : Nature Publishing Group 2015-10-13T04:00:00Z

This observation was further validated by in vivo enhancer assays in transgenic mice. Principles of regulatory information conservation between mouse and human : Nature : Nature Publishing Group 2014-11-18T05:00:00Z

Conservation of trans-acting components is reflected both in the effective in vivo recognition repertoires of human and mouse TFs, which differ only slightly, and in the conserved patterns of TF-to-gene interactions. Conservation of trans-acting circuitry during mammalian regulatory evolution : Nature : Nature Publishing Group 2014-11-18T05:00:00Z

The applications yielded many other promising directions that hadn't been considered in early discussions, however, such as using targeted ultrasound to manipulate human brain circuits in vivo. Updated: NIH announces first wave of BRAIN grants 2014-10-01T04:00:00Z

The applications yielded many other promising directions that hadn't been considered in early discussions, however, such as using targeted ultrasound to manipulate human brain circuits in vivo. NIH announces first wave of BRAIN grants 2014-09-30T04:00:00Z

We find that structural properties of regulatory networks are remarkably conserved and that orthologous regulatory factor families recognize similar binding motifs in vivo and show some similar co-associations. Comparative analysis of regulatory information and circuits across distant species : Nature : Nature Publishing Group 2014-08-26T04:00:00Z

The in vivo enhancer activity assays were conducted at the E.O. Principles of regulatory information conservation between mouse and human : Nature : Nature Publishing Group 2014-11-18T05:00:00Z

However, owing to the paucity of in vivo developmental stage transcription factor binding data and cellular transcription factor expression data, the integrated maps required to study transcriptional control of development with spatiotemporal resolution are lacking. Regulatory analysis of the C. elegans genome with spatiotemporal resolution : Nature : Nature Publishing Group 2014-08-26T04:00:00Z

The next step for Mitragotri and his team will be to expand the panel of target bacteria and test ionic liquids in vivo. Liquid salts by-pass skin to treat infections 2014-08-24T04:00:00Z

A federal jury ruled in favor of the latter, saying Bittner’s testing methods were inadequate because the tests were done in vitro—in a petri dish rather than in vivo, in a live animal. BPA-Free Plastic Containers May Be Just as Hazardous 2014-08-11T04:00:00Z

These findings indicate that many factors retain highly similar in vivo sequence specificity within orthologous families, a feature noted previously across studies working on smaller numbers of factors. Comparative analysis of regulatory information and circuits across distant species : Nature : Nature Publishing Group 2014-08-26T04:00:00Z

Cancer biologists typically test the effect of chemotherapies in vivo by measuring changes in tumour growth and size in mice. Imaging: Cancer caught in the act 2014-05-07T17:20:20.854Z

Optogenetic technology allows for in vivo control of neuronal firing with millisecond precision using light delivered at a distance from the target and, thus, avoids extensive electrode-related tissue damage. [Research Article] Neuronal Activity Promotes Oligodendrogenesis and Adaptive Myelination in the Mammalian Brain 2014-05-01T18:26:14.316Z

Caffeine is readily adsorbed by the body—free ethyl alcohol, too—but I'd want to see some in vivo assays on the complex before I decided. What Is the Big Deal about Powdered Alcohol? 2014-04-25T11:30:00Z

These in vivo studies agree with in vitro studies claiming that BPS is a hazard. BPA-Free Plastic Containers May Be Just as Hazardous 2014-08-11T04:00:00Z

We observe an increased conservation of in vivo sequence preferences and some target gene functions, with context-specific regulatory factor partners still observed at specific loci in these distal comparisons. Comparative analysis of regulatory information and circuits across distant species : Nature : Nature Publishing Group 2014-08-26T04:00:00Z

For in vivo stimulation, retinoic acid was provided to pregnant mice as previously described. Maternal retinoids control type 3 innate lymphoid cells and set the offspring immunity 2014-04-04T18:28:57.531Z

We use in vivo optogenetic techniques in awake, behaving mice to provide direct evidence that neuronal activity regulates changes in myelin-forming cells within an active circuit. [Research Article] Neuronal Activity Promotes Oligodendrogenesis and Adaptive Myelination in the Mammalian Brain 2014-05-01T18:26:14.316Z

In addition, in vivo dilution xenotransplantation assays were performed in NOD/SCID/Il2rγ mice. XBP1 promotes triple-negative breast cancer by controlling the HIF1α pathway 2014-04-04T18:28:18.449Z

Extended Data Figure 8: Assessment of in vivo maturation of iMPC-Heps by global gene expression profiling. Mouse liver repopulation with hepatocytes generated from human fibroblasts 2014-04-04T18:27:44.990Z

Video 3: Capillary and arteriole dilation in vivo Penetrating arteriole and primary capillary in Figure 3d in mouse somatosensory cortex in vivo responding to whisker pad stimulation. Capillary pericytes regulate cerebral blood flow in health and disease 2014-04-04T18:24:22.627Z

The team also tinkered in ways that will let them modify it subsequently, in vivo. Synthetic biology: DIY chromosomes 2014-03-27T15:58:21Z

Of the molecules with proresolution activity, tanshinone IIA, derived from a Chinese medicinal herb, potently induced inflammation resolution in vivo both by induction of neutrophil apoptosis and by promoting reverse migration of neutrophils. [Research Articles] A Zebrafish Compound Screen Reveals Modulation of Neutrophil Reverse Migration as an Anti-Inflammatory Mechanism 2014-02-26T19:25:21.240Z

Inhibition of MEK1/2 alone failed to impair the growth of resistant cells in vitro and in vivo. [Research Articles] Blockade of EGFR and MEK Intercepts Heterogeneous Mechanisms of Acquired Resistance to Anti-EGFR Therapies in Colorectal Cancer 2014-02-19T19:26:02.687Z

Figure 3: Active dilation of capillaries by pericytes in vivo in mouse cerebral cortex. Capillary pericytes regulate cerebral blood flow in health and disease 2014-04-04T18:24:22.627Z

Mutations within the 5′-UTR affecting RNA structural elements enabled restriction by or antagonism of Ifit1 in vitro and in vivo. [Report] A Viral RNA Structural Element Alters Host Recognition of Nonself RNA 2014-02-13T19:26:05.634Z

Tanshinone IIA blocked proinflammatory signals in vivo, and its effects are conserved in human neutrophils, supporting a potential role in treating human inflammation and providing compelling evidence of the translational potential of this screening strategy. [Research Articles] A Zebrafish Compound Screen Reveals Modulation of Neutrophil Reverse Migration as an Anti-Inflammatory Mechanism 2014-02-26T19:25:21.240Z

This approach provides the ability to perform a bottom-up characterization of in vivo cell-type landscapes independent of cell markers or prior knowledge. [Report] Massively Parallel Single-Cell RNA-Seq for Marker-Free Decomposition of Tissues into Cell Types 2014-02-13T19:26:01.362Z

We developed an integrative biology approach combining human disease transcriptome data sets with clinically relevant in vivo models in an attempt to bridge this translational gap. [Research Articles] Integrative Biology Approach Identifies Cytokine Targeting Strategies for Psoriasis 2014-02-12T19:25:12.939Z

Extended Data Figure 5: Responses of capillaries in somatosensory cortex in vivo. Capillary pericytes regulate cerebral blood flow in health and disease 2014-04-04T18:24:22.627Z

The approaches also allow for new ways to study human neuronal development, a process that cannot be studied in vivo.Advances: [Review] Development-Inspired Reprogramming of the Mammalian Central Nervous System 2014-01-30T19:25:54.261Z

However, the functional significance of cell-specific regulation of Pol I transcription within developmental contexts in vivo remains unclear. [Report] Changes in rRNA Transcription Influence Proliferation and Cell Fate Within a Stem Cell Lineage 2014-01-16T18:56:58.619Z

A prominent example of this approach is the development of monoclonal antibodies with engineered glycosylation, which display enhanced in vivo properties. [Review] Emerging Principles for the Therapeutic Exploitation of Glycosylation 2014-01-02T19:25:43.824Z

We further demonstrate that CD4 T cells are stable in inflammatory conditions not only in vitro but also in vivo in a model of xenogeneic graft-versus-host disease. [Research Articles] CD4+ T Cells from IPEX Patients Convert into Functional and Stable Regulatory T Cells by FOXP3 Gene Transfer 2013-12-11T21:25:08.624Z

Extended Data Figure 4: Smoothing of the in vivo diameter changes. Capillary pericytes regulate cerebral blood flow in health and disease 2014-04-04T18:24:22.627Z

Which cells actually contribute to the growth and progression of tumours in vivo? Tumour heterogeneity and cancer cell plasticity 2013-09-18T17:21:13.347Z

“This work is really at the leading edge of an advancing wave of in vivo reprogramming,” he says. Stem Cells Created in Living Mice 2013-09-12T14:15:59.753Z

Finally, we applied SRS microscopy in vivo in mice during surgery to reveal tumor margins that were undetectable under standard operative conditions. [Research Articles] Rapid, Label-Free Detection of Brain Tumors with Stimulated Raman Scattering Microscopy 2013-09-04T18:25:06.220Z

In contrast to ©-retroviral gene therapy, our LV-based therapy did not induce in vivo selection of clones carrying integrations near oncogenes. [Research Article] Lentiviral Hematopoietic Stem Cell Gene Therapy in Patients with Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome 2013-08-22T18:25:57.537Z

Extended Data Figure 5: Responses of capillaries in somatosensory cortex in vivo. Capillary pericytes regulate cerebral blood flow in health and disease 2014-04-04T18:24:22.627Z

This study aimed to validate the technique by applying it to the analysis of fresh human tissue samples ex vivo and to demonstrate the translation to real-time use in vivo in a surgical environment. [Research Articles] Intraoperative Tissue Identification Using Rapid Evaporative Ionization Mass Spectrometry 2013-07-17T18:55:09.017Z

Current Japanese national guidelines governing stem cell research allow mixing human and animal material in vitro but forbid in vivo experiments. Japan to Relax Ban on Chimeric Embryo Experiments 2013-06-19T18:40:00Z

Below are more pictures of Hospitella, with C and D showing the organism once again in vivo. Squatters of the microbial world: foram-in-a-foram 2013-06-12T23:45:00.353Z

Our gene transfer protocol provided efficient stem cell transduction in vitro, resulting in robust and stable in vivo gene marking. [Research Article] Lentiviral Hematopoietic Stem Cell Gene Therapy in Patients with Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome 2013-08-22T18:25:57.537Z

Evaluation of the microglial response to nuclear receptor agonists in vivo is hampered by the lack of robust and reproducible measures of drug action in this cell type. [Technical Response] Response to Comments on “ApoE-Directed Therapeutics Rapidly Clear β-Amyloid and Reverse Deficits in AD Mouse Models” 2013-05-23T18:26:03.153Z

Its role in lymphocyte signaling was characterized and explored through lots of cell-based and in vivo models, including RNAi and other target validation approaches. Immunokinase Drug Candidates: $12B in Value Creation and Counting 2013-03-13T20:18:16Z

Tests on living organisms—in vivo—are more revealing than traditional chemical analyses. Unhealthy Glow: Fluorescent Tadpoles Expose Chemical Contamination 2013-02-07T17:15:00.317Z

However, the clinical application of Treg-based therapy is hampered by the low frequency of human T and the lack of a reliable model to test their therapeutic effects in vivo. [Research Articles] Human CD8+ Regulatory T Cells Inhibit GVHD and Preserve General Immunity in Humanized Mice 2013-01-16T20:25:12.707Z

Figure 3: Active dilation of capillaries by pericytes in vivo in mouse cerebral cortex. Capillary pericytes regulate cerebral blood flow in health and disease 2014-04-04T18:24:22.627Z

A Perspective by Steinman discusses proinflammatory cytokines and diseases of the central nervous system, and a Perspective by Silke and Strasser focuses on the regulation of apoptosis and programmed necrosis in vivo. [Introduction to Special Issue] Introduction: Inflammation's Yin-Yang 2013-01-10T19:25:23.700Z

The models integrate information from different in vitro experiments with factors from in vivo environments to gain a better understanding of how cancer progresses one cell at a time. Mathematical modelling: Forecasting cancer 2012-11-23T15:21:12.853Z

The company’s innovation is to combine the best of two worlds: “in vivo testing at the scale of in vitro,” says CEO Gregory Lemkine. Unhealthy Glow: Fluorescent Tadpoles Expose Chemical Contamination 2013-02-07T17:15:00.317Z

Our results indicate that NETosis does not contribute to SLE in vivo; instead, Nox2 acts to inhibit disease pathogenesis, making this enzyme an important target for further study and a candidate for therapeutic intervention. [Research Articles] NADPH Oxidase Inhibits the Pathogenesis of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus 2012-10-28T19:57:07.563Z

Extended Data Table 1: Properties of vessels of different branching orders in vivo Video 1: Noradrenaline constricts and glutamate dilates capillaries Vessel in Figure 1d responding to noradrenaline and glutamate in a rat cerebellar slice. Capillary pericytes regulate cerebral blood flow in health and disease 2014-04-04T18:24:22.627Z

Cell signals in vivo are even harder to analyze—in any tissue there are many different classes of cells producing a hubbub of different molecular conversations. Cellular Calls: Listening in on Body's Protein "Chatter" May Lead to New Therapies 2012-10-03T11:15:08.683Z

We show that the resolution for tissue microstructure in our ex vivo experiments is approximately threefold higher than the in vivo studies compared. [Technical Response] Response to Comment on “The Geometric Structure of the Brain Fiber Pathways” 2012-09-27T17:55:32.233Z

The modified surface effectively reduced protein, mammalian cell, and microbial attachment in vitro and in vivo. [Research Articles] Vascular Catheters with a Nonleaching Poly-Sulfobetaine Surface Modification Reduce Thrombus Formation and Microbial Attachment 2012-09-26T18:55:12.067Z

Acute administration of STX209 in vivo, at doses that modify behavior, decreased mRNA translation in the cortex of -knockout mice. [Research Articles] Reversal of Disease-Related Pathologies in the Fragile X Mouse Model by Selective Activation of GABAB Receptors with Arbaclofen 2012-09-19T18:25:08.940Z

Extended Data Figure 4: Smoothing of the in vivo diameter changes. Capillary pericytes regulate cerebral blood flow in health and disease 2014-04-04T18:24:22.627Z

However, because microbiota composition and function are also controlled by feedback from the host, in vivo studies in gnotobiotic mice will be particularly valuable. Diversity, stability and resilience of the human gut microbiota 2012-09-13T11:20:47.313Z

Figure 2: DNase I footprints mark sites of in vivo protein occupancy. An expansive human regulatory lexicon encoded in transcription factor footprints 2012-09-05T17:21:56.447Z

To investigate in vivo effector function and self-renewal capability, we allowed melanoma-specific T to undergo in vitro expansion and differentiation into lytic effector clones and then adoptively transferred them back into their hosts. [Research Articles] The Stoichiometric Production of IL-2 and IFN-{gamma} mRNA Defines Memory T Cells That Can Self-Renew After Adoptive Transfer in Humans 2012-08-29T19:25:13.800Z

We analyzed the movements of nanoparticles of various diameters and surface coatings within fresh human and rat brain tissue ex vivo and mouse brain in vivo. [Research Articles] A Dense Poly(Ethylene Glycol) Coating Improves Penetration of Large Polymeric Nanoparticles Within Brain Tissue 2012-08-29T19:25:11.930Z

G202 produced substantial tumor regression against a panel of human cancer xenografts in vivo at doses that were minimally toxic to the host. [Research Articles] Engineering a Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen-Activated Tumor Endothelial Cell Prodrug for Cancer Therapy 2012-06-27T18:55:11.413Z

All in vivo and in vitro experimental work is carried out in negatively pressurized class 3 isolators or class 3 biosafety cabinets, respectively. [Special Issue Report] Airborne Transmission of Influenza A/H5N1 Virus Between Ferrets 2012-06-21T18:26:51.147Z

The ratios, similar to those seen in development of the structure in vivo, are significant. Human-Eye Precursor Grown from Stem Cell 2012-06-15T17:45:00.243Z

We sought to isolate human melanoma-specific T to define their in vivo fate and function after autologous therapeutic transfer to metastatic patients. [Research Articles] The Stoichiometric Production of IL-2 and IFN-{gamma} mRNA Defines Memory T Cells That Can Self-Renew After Adoptive Transfer in Humans 2012-08-29T19:25:13.800Z

These findings suggest new preclinical and clinical scheduling and treatment combination strategies to enhance in vivo immune evasion and effective intravenous delivery of oncolytic viruses to patients in vivo. [Research Articles] Cell Carriage, Delivery, and Selective Replication of an Oncolytic Virus in Tumor in Patients 2012-06-13T18:55:08.080Z

To understand the impact of daclizumab on T in vivo, we performed a clinical trial of daclizumab in combination with an experimental cancer vaccine in patients with metastatic breast cancer. [Research Articles] CD25 Blockade Depletes and Selectively Reprograms Regulatory T Cells in Concert with Immunotherapy in Cancer Patients 2012-05-16T18:55:13.183Z

However, in vitro results are far from perfect in predicting in vivo binding, says Stormo. Functional genomics: The changes that count 2012-02-08T18:51:01.997Z

Ex vivo spectroscopic measurements of choline-containing species and in vivo magnetic resonance measurements of diffusion parameters were also correlated with 2HG levels. [Research Articles] Magnetic Resonance of 2-Hydroxyglutarate in IDH1-Mutated Low-Grade Gliomas 2012-01-11T20:25:08.257Z

Using human lung cancer xenografts in mice, we confirmed the CMA dependence of cancer cells in vivo. [Research Articles] Chaperone-Mediated Autophagy Is Required for Tumor Growth 2011-11-16T19:55:33.430Z

“Biomarkers are really in vivo measurements of the pathology of the disease, so it's an opportunity to investigate the disease mechanisms on a patient level,” he says. Life sciences: Biomarkers on the brain 2011-11-02T18:20:44.333Z

Despite their phenotypic markers of terminal differentiation, T17 cells mediated and promoted long-term antitumor immunity in in vivo adoptive transfer experiments. [Research Articles] Human TH17 Cells Are Long-Lived Effector Memory Cells 2011-10-12T19:25:05.093Z

Disruption of this cellular network by depletion of pDCs or blockade of IL-15 signaling in mice in vivo prevented epithelial injury, maintained anatomic continuity of the bile duct, and promoted long-term survival. [Research Articles] Dendritic Cells Regulate Natural Killer Cell Activation and Epithelial Injury in Experimental Biliary Atresia 2011-09-28T20:25:37.437Z

We experimentally validated a prediction for the antiulcer drug cimetidine as a candidate therapeutic in the treatment of lung adenocarcinoma, and demonstrate its efficacy both in vitro and in vivo using mouse xenograft models. [Research Articles] Discovery and Preclinical Validation of Drug Indications Using Compendia of Public Gene Expression Data 2011-08-17T20:55:09.200Z

The engineered T cells expanded >1000-fold in vivo, trafficked to bone marrow, and continued to express functional CARs at high levels for at least 6 months. [Research Articles] T Cells with Chimeric Antigen Receptors Have Potent Antitumor Effects and Can Establish Memory in Patients with Advanced Leukemia 2011-08-10T20:25:07.373Z

Treatment with these agents inhibits the growth of RCCs by binding GLUT1 directly and impeding glucose uptake in vivo without toxicity to normal tissue. [Research Articles] Targeting GLUT1 and the Warburg Effect in Renal Cell Carcinoma by Chemical Synthetic Lethality 2011-08-03T18:58:18.090Z

Fenton and Luther say that preliminary in vivo experiments in the ventricles showed positive results, and that they are conducting more extensive studies. Kinder, Gentler Defibrillator Uses Multiple, Small Jolts 2011-07-14T00:15:04.170Z

But Boobis predicts that many more in vivo toxicity tests are inevitable. Toxicology: Data gaps threaten chemical safety law 2011-07-13T17:20:26.760Z

However, this was the first in vivo exercise, and it opens the doors of the field much wider than previously possible through in vitro culture alone. When Viruses Infect Bacteria 2011-07-05T18:07:00Z

The Venter Institute team managed to assemble a 583-kilobase genome in vitro, but it ultimately developed an in vivo assembly system for its synthetic genome. Synthetic genomes: The next step for the synthetic genome 2011-05-18T17:21:09.763Z

We demonstrated that mice treated with losartan developed significantly less fibrosis and exhibited improved in vivo muscle function after cardiotoxin-induced injury. [Research Articles] Losartan Restores Skeletal Muscle Remodeling and Protects Against Disuse Atrophy in Sarcopenia 2011-05-11T19:25:12.097Z

Successful adoptive T cell therapy to treat cancer requires engraftment of antitumor T lymphocytes that not only retain specificity and function in vivo but also display an intrinsic capacity to survive. [Research Articles] Establishment of Antitumor Memory in Humans Using in Vitro-Educated CD8+ T Cells 2011-04-27T18:55:17.370Z

Consistent with the in vivo response, inhibition of MEK reversed the cytokine hypersensitivity characteristic of G12D hematopoietic progenitor cells in vitro. [Research Articles] A MEK Inhibitor Abrogates Myeloproliferative Disease in Kras Mutant Mice 2011-03-30T18:55:17.813Z

These data also suggest that studies of recombinant CFTR-ΔF508 misprocessing predict in vivo behavior, which validates its use in biochemical and drug discovery experiments. [Research Articles] The {Delta}F508 Mutation Causes CFTR Misprocessing and Cystic Fibrosis-Like Disease in Pigs 2011-03-16T19:55:15.343Z

These mice developed a high incidence of spontaneous autoimmune diabetes and harbored T cells sensitive both in vitro and in vivo to anti-human CD3 antibodies. [Research Articles] Human CD3 Transgenic Mice: Preclinical Testing of Antibodies Promoting Immune Tolerance 2011-02-02T19:55:09.787Z

Peptide drugs are the most recent trend in drug discovery, and significant improvements are being made to overcome their shortcomings, which include high manufacturing costs, short half-life, and limited in vivo bioavailability. [Editors' Choice] Novel Peptide to Treat Sepsis-Induced Acute Lung Injury 2011-01-19T22:55:22.923Z

I applied, hoping to join Benzer's lab to do work on ageing in vivo. Turning point: William Ja 2011-01-12T18:21:14.393Z

“The ultimate test will be in vivo, but this is an important contribution.” Tiny Tools Aren?t Toys 2010-09-27T15:54:00Z

In another, called in vivo desensitization, they are exposed while awake to what may be haunting them in their sleep — for example, a live snake, caged and harmless — until the fear subsides. Guiding Your Sleep While You?re Awake 2010-07-27T03:42:00Z

But Nagrath is convinced his strategy is ultimately the most practical for rebuilding tissue in vivo, and not only because it may cost significantly less than Matrigel. Your Fat May Help You Heal 2010-03-29T16:37:00Z

Regrowing the dead bone and cartilage in situ in vivo would be ideal. 2010-01-19T02:01:00Z

In this case then the condition of the blood in vivo is satisfactorily explained by the absence of function of bone-marrow. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological

单词	in vivo
例句	in vivo Her familiarity with the way the songs work to advance character and story in vivo naturally informs her in vitro style, which is actorly to begin with. Sondheim Two Ways, From Judy Collins and Melissa Errico 2017-11-28T05:00:00Z Her book becomes a nifty twofer, a meditation on how four men and one woman experienced death both in vivo, so to speak, and in their art. Review: In ‘The Violet Hour,’ Great Writers Facing the Inevitable 2016-03-09T05:00:00Z Some men – gay or straight – like to role-play in vivo at being female and receiving penetration, domination or punishment by a man or woman. I’m a straight man but I am disturbed by my fantasy of being a woman having sex with a guy 2018-10-22T04:00:00Z Biocompatibility of the softening IV needle was validated through in vivo studies in mice. An intravenous needle that irreversibly softens via body temperature on insertion? 2023-11-13T05:00:00Z "That makes the data very exciting, because it's really consistent from mouse to human islets in vitro, as well as both mouse and nonhuman primate in vivo," said Dr. Chen. Drug screen points toward novel diabetes treatments 2023-11-09T05:00:00Z "Accumulated evidence supports an antihypertensive effect of probiotics and probiotic fermented foods in both in vitro and in vivo experiments," said computational biologist Jun Li, Ph.D., at the City University of Hong Kong. Two probiotics identified as promising hypertension treatments 2023-10-19T04:00:00Z They have used baker's yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, as an in vivo model for human cells. Graphene oxide reduces the toxicity of Alzheimer's proteins 2023-10-04T04:00:00Z The Gates in vivo–editing push largely funds U.S. researchers, she notes. Gene-editing summit touts sickle cell success, while questions on embryo editing linger 2023-03-12T05:00:00Z This makes it particularly important for scientists to pursue in vivo experiments, which are more challenging to carry out than in vitro ones. Little is known about the health impacts of microplastics in our soils 2022-09-29T04:00:00Z An in vivo approach for blindness disorders, where the gene editor is injected into the eye, is also showing tentative benefits. CRISPR infusion eliminates swelling in those with rare inflammatory disease 2022-09-16T04:00:00Z Describe possible consequences for the integration of information if this in vitro growth also occurs in vivo. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z National Park Service, recommendations of the World Trails Network and the in vivo standards of neighboring trail systems. Building the First Long-Distance Hiking Trail in Kurdistan 2022-04-20T04:00:00Z Many questions about the birds’ magnetic compass remain, including whether the magnetic field effects on robin Cry4a observed in vitro also exist in vivo. How Migrating Birds Use Quantum Effects to Navigate 2022-03-15T04:00:00Z Now, you’ve got 1 week to tell us which of three contenders will take home the honor: Will it be ancient soil DNA, in vivo CRISPR, or protein structure prediction by artificial intelligence? Cast your final vote for Science’s 2021 Breakthrough of the Year 2021-12-06T05:00:00Z Other teams are also testing in vivo gene editing to treat various diseases. CRISPR infusion eliminates swelling in those with rare inflammatory disease 2022-09-16T04:00:00Z Zhang’s team also has unpublished results from an in vivo study with mice, showing efficacy against the coronavirus and no evidence of toxicity. Nanotechnology Offers New Ways to Fight an Endless Pandemic 2021-10-15T04:00:00Z “Experience has shown that the kind of in vitro data or even mouse model data cited here is not a reliable predictor of in vivo behavior,” he says. First drug for dengue, an excruciating disease, may be on the horizon 2021-10-06T04:00:00Z Drawing on these methods, he adds, will help the further development of in vivo bioprinting. 3-D Printing inside the Body Could Patch Stomach Ulcers 2020-09-22T04:00:00Z Zhang et al. used neuroimaging techniques to show that light activates the neurons in tissue slices, but proof will involve applying these techniques in vivo. Light-activated neurons deep in the brain control body heat 2020-09-01T04:00:00Z To deliver the gene editor in vivo, the company wrapped that guide RNA plus a messenger RNA encoding the enzyme in a lipid nanoparticle. CRISPR infusion eliminates swelling in those with rare inflammatory disease 2022-09-16T04:00:00Z Another barrier is that many of the in vivo studies on these materials have used a diverse range of protocols, making them difficult to compare. Nanotechnology Offers New Ways to Fight an Endless Pandemic 2021-10-15T04:00:00Z Answering this question will require measurements of cellular forces and stiffness in vivo, which is still a major challenge. Stretch exercises for stem cells expand the skin 2020-07-28T04:00:00Z They then used these data to interpret the results of another assay that identifies the RNA sequences bound by RNA-binding proteins in vivo. Expanded ENCODE delivers invaluable genomic encyclopedia 2020-07-28T04:00:00Z Next, the two teams depleted PTB in vivo in the adult mouse brain. Method to combat Parkinson’s disease by astrocyte-to-neuron conversion 2020-06-23T04:00:00Z However, Amor and colleagues found that uPAR is highly expressed in senescent cells both in vitro and in vivo. T cells engineered to target senescence 2020-06-16T04:00:00Z To investigate the relationship between NETs and cancer cells in vivo, the authors transplanted breast cancer cells of human or mouse origin into mice, and analysed metastatic tumour cells. Neutrophil ‘safety net’ causes cancer cells to metastasize and proliferate 2020-06-10T04:00:00Z One of them, ebselen, is already in clinical trials for the treatment of bipolar disorder and hearing loss, and the group is preparing animal tests to study its activity in vivo, says Yang. The sprint to solve coronavirus protein structures — and disarm them with drugs 2020-05-14T04:00:00Z Findings from cell culture do not always translate to complex in vivo settings. A receptor that lets dementia-associated tau proteins into neurons 2020-03-31T04:00:00Z The authors report that administering a mixture of these three metabolites had remarkable anti-inflammatory effects in vivo — inhibiting disease in a mouse model of arthritis and limiting the rejection of lung transplants in mice. Ghostly metabolic messages from dying cells 2020-03-17T04:00:00Z Using complementary approaches in vitro and in yeast cells, Gallego and colleagues provided evidence for the existence of the reaction chamber in vivo. Chromatin modified in a molecular reaction chamber 2020-03-10T04:00:00Z However, direct investigation of these crosslinks is not possible in cellular or in vivo systems using available technologies. A safe fix for alcohol-derived DNA damage 2020-03-03T05:00:00Z In addition, it would be valuable to visualize the aggregates in vivo, perhaps using electron microscopy, to obtain a clear picture of what a macrophage–platelet aggregate really looks like. Platelets have a dangerous hold over immune cells in cardiovascular disease 2019-12-08T05:00:00Z Just when I thought Dana Milbank had reached the pinnacle of success with his clever columns, he outdid himself with “The quid pro quo show, now in vivo.” Opinion \| Readers critique The Post: Never forget Harriet Tubman 2019-11-01T04:00:00Z Dong and colleagues’ work is an urgent summons to immunologists interested in tumour biology and to others to consider bioforces when assessing T cells in vitro to gauge the potential of their TCRs in vivo. The structure of a T-cell mechanosensor 2019-09-08T04:00:00Z These distinctive patterns of gene expression suggested that the two cell populations might perform non-overlapping functions in vivo. Two types of fibroblast drive arthritis 2019-05-28T04:00:00Z "Using in vivo electroretinogram recordings, we show that there is a decrease in retinal sensitivity to light in marine invertebrates when exposed to reduced oxygen availability," the study's abstract reads. Octopuses may go blind from climate change, study warns 2019-05-20T04:00:00Z These are likely to be short-term obstacles, however, because many laboratories are actively pursuing and improving methods for altering proteins in cultured cells, and even in vivo. An ‘on’ switch for proteins 2019-05-07T04:00:00Z The results provide some of the strongest in vivo evidence so far to support a role for Rb loss in driving not only cancer initiation, but also its progression. Manipulating the tumour-suppressor protein Rb in lung cancer reveals possible drug targets 2019-04-30T04:00:00Z Deactivated viruses, liposomes and nanoparticles are therefore being tested as vehicles by which to convey the genome-editing machinery to faulty cells in vivo. Manage risk of accidental gene editing of germline 2019-04-22T04:00:00Z It is likely that other mechanisms also contribute, and the new HFpEF mouse model provides an in vivo platform with which to define them. A mouse model for the most common form of heart failure 2019-04-09T04:00:00Z They characterized this synthetic lethality using experiments that measured cellular DNA-repair defects and cell-death mechanisms in cells studied in vitro and in vivo. Lethal clues to cancer-cell vulnerability 2019-04-09T04:00:00Z Questions about how implanted materials assemble and degrade in vivo also linger. Matrix mimics shape cell studies 2019-02-25T05:00:00Z Longer-term in vivo follow-up is required to prove that this therapy would not increase the risk of cancer. Inhibition of ‘jumping genes’ promotes healthy ageing 2019-02-05T05:00:00Z It is therefore crucial to establish an acceptable level of risk to the germ line that allows in vivo somatic editing to proceed. Manage risk of accidental gene editing of germline 2019-04-22T04:00:00Z Surgeons use Luxturna, the first in vivo gene therapy to be approved by the US Food and Drug Administration, to treat a boy with a genetic eye condition.Credit: Regulating the gene-therapy revolution 2018-12-11T05:00:00Z These exciting results show that S-nitroso-coenzyme A reductase acts in vivo in mammals to control nitric oxide signalling, which is the third major discovery of the study. Metabolism reprogrammed by the nitric oxide signalling molecule 2018-11-27T05:00:00Z Charles-Orszag and co-workers now shed light on this mechanism by combining in vivo and in vitro studies with a simple theoretical model. Nanofibres induce remodelling of cell membranes 2018-11-04T04:00:00Z “Being able to recapitulate some of these complex in vivo structures in vitro is really something that we’re very excited about,” says Musah. Futuristic organ-on-a-chip technology now seems more realistic than ever 2018-10-21T04:00:00Z Schmidt and colleagues’ technique might transform how gene-expression profiles are monitored in vivo in cells, and it highlights yet another aspect of CRISPR–Cas systems that can be harnessed to make powerful technologies. CRISPR tool puts RNA on the record 2018-10-02T04:00:00Z The authors validated the reliability of their approach in vivo by attaching the sensing platform to the exposed surface of a rat’s heart. Flexible self-powered biosensors 2018-09-25T04:00:00Z Seehawer and colleagues made a fortuitous discovery when generating liver cancer in mice by the in vivo delivery of identical cancer-promoting genes. Neighbourhood deaths cause a switch in cancer subtype 2018-09-11T04:00:00Z The presence of RANK-containing vesicles also triggered mineral deposition by osteoblasts, both in vitro and in mouse skulls in vivo. Receptor becomes a ligand to control bone remodelling 2018-09-04T04:00:00Z It also remains to be seen whether the tilted DNA–RNA conformation observed by the authors is prevalent in vivo, and how the phosphorylation of pause-inducing factors drives pause release. Transcriptional speed bumps revealed in high resolution 2018-08-21T04:00:00Z “It’s an in vivo marker of synaptic density,” Carson says. Alzheimer’s disease is getting easier to spot 2018-07-24T04:00:00Z I don’t think it’s going to be controversial if the basic science and in vivo science is established. Scientists treated a mouse’s genetic disorder in the womb — here’s what’s next 2018-07-19T04:00:00Z Given the technical challenges involved in measuring certain intermediate molecules in the histidine-degradation pathway, histidine’s contribution to the folate pool still needs to be quantified in vitro and in vivo to validate the authors’ model. Histidine metabolism boosts cancer therapy 2018-07-10T04:00:00Z As the computational models predicted, the valves adopted a stable tissue architecture in vivo. Taking bioengineered heart valves from faulty to functional 2018-07-01T04:00:00Z When they are grown in the appropriate conditions, for example with specific growth factors, the stem cells self-organize into structures in which the different cell types are arranged similarly to the in vivo tissue. Stem-cell culture moves to the third dimension 2018-06-10T04:00:00Z Finally, the authors demonstrated that this drug treatment was also effective in vivo. Pancreatic cancer foiled by a switch of tumour subtype 2018-05-13T04:00:00Z Integrative analyses show both conservation and divergence in regulatory circuitry between human and mouse early development, and between human pluripotency in vivo and human embryonic stem cells. Chromatin analysis in human early development reveals epigenetic transition during ZGA 2018-05-01T04:00:00Z Repeatable target localization for long-term in vivo imaging of mice with 2-photon microscopy. Innate immune memory in the brain shapes neurological disease hallmarks 2018-04-10T04:00:00Z A combination of differential expression and focused in vitro and in vivo RNA interference screens revealed candidate drivers of metastasis that discriminated metastatic clones. Asparagine bioavailability governs metastasis in a model of breast cancer 2018-02-06T05:00:00Z Long-term propagation of distinct hematopoietic differentiation programs in vivo. From haematopoietic stem cells to complex differentiation landscapes 2018-01-23T05:00:00Z Using computational and pooled in vivo RNA interference screens, we identify the transcription factor Runx3 as a key regulator of TRM cell differentiation and homeostasis. Runx3 programs CD8⁺ T cell residency in non-lymphoid tissues and tumours 2017-12-05T05:00:00Z Simultaneous stretching and contraction of stress fibers in vivo. Force loading explains spatial sensing of ligands by cells 2017-12-05T05:00:00Z Whether immune memory occurs in tissue-resident macrophages in vivo and how it may affect pathology remains largely unknown. Innate immune memory in the brain shapes neurological disease hallmarks 2018-04-10T04:00:00Z Liposome encapsulated disulfiram inhibits NFκB pathway and targets breast cancer stem cells in vitro and in vivo. Alcohol-abuse drug disulfiram targets cancer via p97 segregase adaptor NPL4 2017-12-05T05:00:00Z Fundamental properties of unperturbed haematopoiesis from stem cells in vivo. From haematopoietic stem cells to complex differentiation landscapes 2018-01-23T05:00:00Z Here we show that the acute enforcement of oncogenic TCR signalling in lymphocytes in a mouse model of human T cell lymphoma drives the strong expansion of these cells in vivo. PD-1 is a haploinsufficient suppressor of T cell lymphomagenesis 2017-11-14T05:00:00Z This table contains simultaneous in vivo and in vitro screening data. NFS1 undergoes positive selection in lung tumours and protects cells from ferroptosis 2017-11-21T05:00:00Z Here we combine the in vivo and in vitro fusion of yeast vacuoles with molecular simulations to show that tethering proteins are critical for overcoming the final energy barrier to fusion pore formation. A tethering complex drives the terminal stage of SNARE-dependent membrane fusion 2017-10-31T04:00:00Z Rouzine, I. M., Coffin, J. M. & Weinberger, L. S. Fifteen years later: hard and soft selection sweeps confirm a large population number for HIV in vivo. Lorenzo-Redondo et al. reply 2017-11-21T05:00:00Z Systemic virus infections differentially modulate cell cycle state and functionality of long-term hematopoietic stem cells in vivo. From haematopoietic stem cells to complex differentiation landscapes 2018-01-23T05:00:00Z And in vivo gene editing poses additional risks. A human has been injected with gene-editing tools to cure his disabling disease. Here’s what you need to know 2017-11-15T05:00:00Z Here, using loss-of-function screening based on RNA interference, we show that environmental oxygen levels are a major driver of differential essentiality between in vitro model systems and in vivo tumours. NFS1 undergoes positive selection in lung tumours and protects cells from ferroptosis 2017-11-21T05:00:00Z The proviral integration pattern was maintained in vivo and epidermal renewal did not cause any clonal selection. Regeneration of the entire human epidermis using transgenic stem cells 2017-11-07T05:00:00Z Li, Z., Van Aelst, L. & Cline, H. T. Rho GTPases regulate distinct aspects of dendritic arbor growth in Xenopus central neurons in vivo. Kctd13 deletion reduces synaptic transmission via increased RhoA 2017-10-31T04:00:00Z But, he said, he does not see this paper as the first in vivo proof of ADE. Scientists Solve a Dengue Mystery: Why Second Infection Is Worse than First 2017-11-05T04:00:00Z Chemical enhancement of in vitro and in vivo direct cardiac reprogramming. Single-cell transcriptomics reconstructs fate conversion from fibroblast to cardiomyocyte 2017-10-24T04:00:00Z But in a clinical trial, she finds herself relieved that her drug was tested in vivo, probably on cats and dogs. Cancer Humor 2017-10-12T04:00:00Z “Prior to that there was still some scepticism about whether these phenomena existed in vivo.” How the Internet of cells has biologists buzzing 2017-09-19T04:00:00Z Together, the Brodies spent the 1970s optimizing aromatase inhibitors and their method of administration, using synthetic compounds and testing them in vivo and in vitro to block oestrogen synthesis. Angela M. Hartley Brodie (1934-2017) : Nature : Nature Research 2017-08-01T04:00:00Z “This paper, what it does, it shows for the first time the narrow range of antibody concentrations … that actually produces enhancement of disease in vivo,” said Vasilakis, who was not involved in the study. Scientists Solve a Dengue Mystery: Why Second Infection Is Worse than First 2017-11-05T04:00:00Z This is the medical term for research carried out by computer, as opposed to "in vitro" - think test tubes - and "in vivo" - testing on animals and humans. How 'centaur teams' are speeding up drug discovery - BBC News 2017-07-31T04:00:00Z For in vivo uses, they need to co-opt fuels that are present in the body, such as glucose, urea or other physiological fluids2. Medical microbots need better imaging and control 2017-05-23T04:00:00Z When the tumours reached approximately 10 mm in diameter DOX was administered to both groups and the tumour growth rate was monitored in vivo by whole-mouse imaging and tumour measurements. LACTB is a tumour suppressor that modulates lipid metabolism and cell state : Nature : Nature Research 2017-03-21T04:00:00Z To test the effect of the increasing number of driver mutations and chromosomal instability on tumour growth in vivo, we subcutaneously transplanted organoids from each genotype in mice and followed their progression longitudinally. A distinct role for Lgr5+ stem cells in primary and metastatic colon cancer : Nature : Nature Research 2017-03-28T04:00:00Z First, many antibodies that perform well in cell culture do not do so in vivo, and some that are unimpressive in cell culture are protective in animals. How to turn competitors into collaborators 2017-01-16T05:00:00Z To predict how human tissues will respond to new materials before they are tested in clinical trials we must develop standardized in vitro and in vivo evaluation platforms. Make better, safer biomaterials 2016-12-13T05:00:00Z Combinations of materials, microorganisms, microstructures and functions all need to be tested together in vivo. Medical microbots need better imaging and control 2017-05-23T04:00:00Z Prions are the prototypical amyloids with in vivo replication properties. The activities of amyloids from a structural perspective : Nature : Nature Research 2016-11-08T05:00:00Z None of the experiments were blinded and no statistical methods were used to pre-determine sample size for in vivo experiments. A distinct role for Lgr5+ stem cells in primary and metastatic colon cancer : Nature : Nature Research 2017-03-28T04:00:00Z Further evaluations of how different antibodies summon the immune system and provide protection are now illuminating the differences between in vitro neutralization and in vivo protection. How to turn competitors into collaborators 2017-01-16T05:00:00Z Key questions remain about the precise mechanisms by which α-synuclein aggregates are released from and enter neurons in vivo. Defects in trafficking bridge Parkinson's disease pathology and genetics : Nature : Nature Research 2016-11-08T05:00:00Z Thousands of labs worldwide use the calcium sensor GCaMP, for example, for imaging neural activity in vivo. A better way to crack the brain 2016-11-07T05:00:00Z Given the ability of amyloids to replicate, it is possible that amyloids other than prions might also spread from cell to cell in vivo, as well as from organism to organism. The activities of amyloids from a structural perspective : Nature : Nature Research 2016-11-08T05:00:00Z Source Data files underlying the graphical representation of all in vivo experiments can be accessed in the online version of this paper. A distinct role for Lgr5+ stem cells in primary and metastatic colon cancer : Nature : Nature Research 2017-03-28T04:00:00Z The new map is based on multiple MRI measurements, which Yeo says “greatly increases confidence that they are producing the best in vivo estimates of cortical areas”. Human brain mapped in unprecedented detail 2016-07-19T04:00:00Z We propose that this bile-acid-triggered ‘colonizing germination’ mechanism serves as a conserved in vivo cue to promote colonization by intestinal spore-forming bacteria. Culturing of ‘unculturable’ human microbiota reveals novel taxa and extensive sporulation : Nature : Nature Publishing Group 2016-05-03T04:00:00Z For those who witnessed it in vivo, it must have been several orders of magnitude worse. In death, an artist and a young woman meet 2016-04-21T04:00:00Z We tested whether this point mutation accounted for the loss of DC migration in vivo and adaptive immune responses. Corrigendum: NLRP10 is a NOD-like receptor essential to initiate adaptive immunity by dendritic cells : Nature : Nature Publishing Group 2015-11-24T05:00:00Z When you put it in the cells will undergo expansion in vivo.” Cancer researchers claim 'extraordinary results' using T-cell therapy 2016-02-15T05:00:00Z “With such a small amount of iron, one has to ask whether in vivo, at physiological temperatures, MagR is capable of possessing magnetic properties at all,” he says. Discovery of long-sought biological compass claimed 2015-11-15T05:00:00Z Sangamo also plans to apply for permission to do several other in vivo gene-editing trials, including of therapies for the blood diseases haemoglobinopathy and beta thalassemia. Leukaemia success heralds wave of gene-editing therapies 2015-11-04T05:00:00Z “My main target for the future is in vivo levitation,” Marzo says. Researchers create a sonic tractor beam 2015-10-27T04:00:00Z The in vivo experiments described in Supplementary Fig. Corrigendum: Selective killing of cancer cells by a small molecule targeting the stress response to ROS : Nature : Nature Publishing Group 2015-09-15T04:00:00Z Additionally, data can be gathered from in vivo pharmacokinetic or other functional studies, in vitro functional studies, and preclinical and clinical studies that link pharmacological effects or drug concentrations to genetic variation. Pharmacogenomics in the clinic : Nature : Nature Publishing Group 2015-10-13T04:00:00Z The efficiency and underlying mechanism of this and the other types of in vivo gene editing discussed in this Review are still to be fully determined. Gene therapy returns to centre stage : Nature : Nature Publishing Group 2015-10-13T04:00:00Z Other challenges of editing in vivo, says Qasim, include ensuring that enough of the target cells actually get edited and that the vector delivers its payload to the right part of the body. Leukaemia success heralds wave of gene-editing therapies 2015-11-04T05:00:00Z “You want to be able to validate your experimental findings in an in vivo system,” he says. The boom in mini stomachs, brains, breasts, kidneys and more 2015-07-28T04:00:00Z “Granted, it contains isoflavones, but scientific evidence in support of true in vivo“—meaning in people—”health benefits of tempeh is far from being solid.” Should I Eat Tempeh? 2015-05-21T04:00:00Z Others conduct in vivo studies by filming astronomers and physicists as they wrestle with unexpected findings. Polls apart 2015-05-12T04:00:00Z For example, these techniques offered only a limited ability to transfer genes into the most primitive progenitor cells, giving rise to the low-level and transient appearance of gene-corrected haematopoietic cells in vivo. Gene therapy returns to centre stage : Nature : Nature Publishing Group 2015-10-13T04:00:00Z By the same token, biomedical researchers doing in vivo experiments should use as few animals as possible, but no fewer. Numbers matter 2015-04-14T04:00:00Z This progressive change in NPC identity aligns well with the in vivo order of developmental events7. Dissecting neural differentiation regulatory networks through epigenetic footprinting : Nature : Nature Publishing Group 2014-12-23T05:00:00Z Large-scale in vivo epidemiological studies will be important in solving this problem. Infectious disease: Mobilizing Ebola survivors to curb the epidemic 2014-12-16T05:00:00Z A promising way to avoid these problems is in vivo genome editing, in which mutant genes are corrected in situ rather than replaced. Gene therapy: Genie in a vector : Nature : Nature Publishing Group 2014-11-25T05:00:00Z Therefore, when delivered in vivo, there is a risk that such nucleases will generate or encounter a preexisting cell-mediated immunity, especially if they are expressed over the long term. Gene therapy returns to centre stage : Nature : Nature Publishing Group 2015-10-13T04:00:00Z This observation was further validated by in vivo enhancer assays in transgenic mice. Principles of regulatory information conservation between mouse and human : Nature : Nature Publishing Group 2014-11-18T05:00:00Z Conservation of trans-acting components is reflected both in the effective in vivo recognition repertoires of human and mouse TFs, which differ only slightly, and in the conserved patterns of TF-to-gene interactions. Conservation of trans-acting circuitry during mammalian regulatory evolution : Nature : Nature Publishing Group 2014-11-18T05:00:00Z The applications yielded many other promising directions that hadn't been considered in early discussions, however, such as using targeted ultrasound to manipulate human brain circuits in vivo. Updated: NIH announces first wave of BRAIN grants 2014-10-01T04:00:00Z The applications yielded many other promising directions that hadn't been considered in early discussions, however, such as using targeted ultrasound to manipulate human brain circuits in vivo. NIH announces first wave of BRAIN grants 2014-09-30T04:00:00Z We find that structural properties of regulatory networks are remarkably conserved and that orthologous regulatory factor families recognize similar binding motifs in vivo and show some similar co-associations. Comparative analysis of regulatory information and circuits across distant species : Nature : Nature Publishing Group 2014-08-26T04:00:00Z The in vivo enhancer activity assays were conducted at the E.O. Principles of regulatory information conservation between mouse and human : Nature : Nature Publishing Group 2014-11-18T05:00:00Z However, owing to the paucity of in vivo developmental stage transcription factor binding data and cellular transcription factor expression data, the integrated maps required to study transcriptional control of development with spatiotemporal resolution are lacking. Regulatory analysis of the C. elegans genome with spatiotemporal resolution : Nature : Nature Publishing Group 2014-08-26T04:00:00Z The next step for Mitragotri and his team will be to expand the panel of target bacteria and test ionic liquids in vivo. Liquid salts by-pass skin to treat infections 2014-08-24T04:00:00Z A federal jury ruled in favor of the latter, saying Bittner’s testing methods were inadequate because the tests were done in vitro—in a petri dish rather than in vivo, in a live animal. BPA-Free Plastic Containers May Be Just as Hazardous 2014-08-11T04:00:00Z These findings indicate that many factors retain highly similar in vivo sequence specificity within orthologous families, a feature noted previously across studies working on smaller numbers of factors. Comparative analysis of regulatory information and circuits across distant species : Nature : Nature Publishing Group 2014-08-26T04:00:00Z Cancer biologists typically test the effect of chemotherapies in vivo by measuring changes in tumour growth and size in mice. Imaging: Cancer caught in the act 2014-05-07T17:20:20.854Z Optogenetic technology allows for in vivo control of neuronal firing with millisecond precision using light delivered at a distance from the target and, thus, avoids extensive electrode-related tissue damage. [Research Article] Neuronal Activity Promotes Oligodendrogenesis and Adaptive Myelination in the Mammalian Brain 2014-05-01T18:26:14.316Z Caffeine is readily adsorbed by the body—free ethyl alcohol, too—but I'd want to see some in vivo assays on the complex before I decided. What Is the Big Deal about Powdered Alcohol? 2014-04-25T11:30:00Z These in vivo studies agree with in vitro studies claiming that BPS is a hazard. BPA-Free Plastic Containers May Be Just as Hazardous 2014-08-11T04:00:00Z We observe an increased conservation of in vivo sequence preferences and some target gene functions, with context-specific regulatory factor partners still observed at specific loci in these distal comparisons. Comparative analysis of regulatory information and circuits across distant species : Nature : Nature Publishing Group 2014-08-26T04:00:00Z For in vivo stimulation, retinoic acid was provided to pregnant mice as previously described. Maternal retinoids control type 3 innate lymphoid cells and set the offspring immunity 2014-04-04T18:28:57.531Z We use in vivo optogenetic techniques in awake, behaving mice to provide direct evidence that neuronal activity regulates changes in myelin-forming cells within an active circuit. [Research Article] Neuronal Activity Promotes Oligodendrogenesis and Adaptive Myelination in the Mammalian Brain 2014-05-01T18:26:14.316Z In addition, in vivo dilution xenotransplantation assays were performed in NOD/SCID/Il2rγ mice. XBP1 promotes triple-negative breast cancer by controlling the HIF1α pathway 2014-04-04T18:28:18.449Z Extended Data Figure 8: Assessment of in vivo maturation of iMPC-Heps by global gene expression profiling. Mouse liver repopulation with hepatocytes generated from human fibroblasts 2014-04-04T18:27:44.990Z Video 3: Capillary and arteriole dilation in vivo Penetrating arteriole and primary capillary in Figure 3d in mouse somatosensory cortex in vivo responding to whisker pad stimulation. Capillary pericytes regulate cerebral blood flow in health and disease 2014-04-04T18:24:22.627Z The team also tinkered in ways that will let them modify it subsequently, in vivo. Synthetic biology: DIY chromosomes 2014-03-27T15:58:21Z Of the molecules with proresolution activity, tanshinone IIA, derived from a Chinese medicinal herb, potently induced inflammation resolution in vivo both by induction of neutrophil apoptosis and by promoting reverse migration of neutrophils. [Research Articles] A Zebrafish Compound Screen Reveals Modulation of Neutrophil Reverse Migration as an Anti-Inflammatory Mechanism 2014-02-26T19:25:21.240Z Inhibition of MEK1/2 alone failed to impair the growth of resistant cells in vitro and in vivo. [Research Articles] Blockade of EGFR and MEK Intercepts Heterogeneous Mechanisms of Acquired Resistance to Anti-EGFR Therapies in Colorectal Cancer 2014-02-19T19:26:02.687Z Extended Data Figure 8: Assessment of in vivo maturation of iMPC-Heps by global gene expression profiling. Mouse liver repopulation with hepatocytes generated from human fibroblasts 2014-04-04T18:27:44.990Z Figure 3: Active dilation of capillaries by pericytes in vivo in mouse cerebral cortex. Capillary pericytes regulate cerebral blood flow in health and disease 2014-04-04T18:24:22.627Z Mutations within the 5′-UTR affecting RNA structural elements enabled restriction by or antagonism of Ifit1 in vitro and in vivo. [Report] A Viral RNA Structural Element Alters Host Recognition of Nonself RNA 2014-02-13T19:26:05.634Z Tanshinone IIA blocked proinflammatory signals in vivo, and its effects are conserved in human neutrophils, supporting a potential role in treating human inflammation and providing compelling evidence of the translational potential of this screening strategy. [Research Articles] A Zebrafish Compound Screen Reveals Modulation of Neutrophil Reverse Migration as an Anti-Inflammatory Mechanism 2014-02-26T19:25:21.240Z This approach provides the ability to perform a bottom-up characterization of in vivo cell-type landscapes independent of cell markers or prior knowledge. [Report] Massively Parallel Single-Cell RNA-Seq for Marker-Free Decomposition of Tissues into Cell Types 2014-02-13T19:26:01.362Z We developed an integrative biology approach combining human disease transcriptome data sets with clinically relevant in vivo models in an attempt to bridge this translational gap. [Research Articles] Integrative Biology Approach Identifies Cytokine Targeting Strategies for Psoriasis 2014-02-12T19:25:12.939Z Extended Data Figure 5: Responses of capillaries in somatosensory cortex in vivo. Capillary pericytes regulate cerebral blood flow in health and disease 2014-04-04T18:24:22.627Z The approaches also allow for new ways to study human neuronal development, a process that cannot be studied in vivo.Advances: [Review] Development-Inspired Reprogramming of the Mammalian Central Nervous System 2014-01-30T19:25:54.261Z However, the functional significance of cell-specific regulation of Pol I transcription within developmental contexts in vivo remains unclear. [Report] Changes in rRNA Transcription Influence Proliferation and Cell Fate Within a Stem Cell Lineage 2014-01-16T18:56:58.619Z A prominent example of this approach is the development of monoclonal antibodies with engineered glycosylation, which display enhanced in vivo properties. [Review] Emerging Principles for the Therapeutic Exploitation of Glycosylation 2014-01-02T19:25:43.824Z We further demonstrate that CD4 T cells are stable in inflammatory conditions not only in vitro but also in vivo in a model of xenogeneic graft-versus-host disease. [Research Articles] CD4+ T Cells from IPEX Patients Convert into Functional and Stable Regulatory T Cells by FOXP3 Gene Transfer 2013-12-11T21:25:08.624Z Extended Data Figure 4: Smoothing of the in vivo diameter changes. Capillary pericytes regulate cerebral blood flow in health and disease 2014-04-04T18:24:22.627Z Which cells actually contribute to the growth and progression of tumours in vivo? Tumour heterogeneity and cancer cell plasticity 2013-09-18T17:21:13.347Z “This work is really at the leading edge of an advancing wave of in vivo reprogramming,” he says. Stem Cells Created in Living Mice 2013-09-12T14:15:59.753Z Finally, we applied SRS microscopy in vivo in mice during surgery to reveal tumor margins that were undetectable under standard operative conditions. [Research Articles] Rapid, Label-Free Detection of Brain Tumors with Stimulated Raman Scattering Microscopy 2013-09-04T18:25:06.220Z In contrast to ©-retroviral gene therapy, our LV-based therapy did not induce in vivo selection of clones carrying integrations near oncogenes. [Research Article] Lentiviral Hematopoietic Stem Cell Gene Therapy in Patients with Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome 2013-08-22T18:25:57.537Z Extended Data Figure 5: Responses of capillaries in somatosensory cortex in vivo. Capillary pericytes regulate cerebral blood flow in health and disease 2014-04-04T18:24:22.627Z This study aimed to validate the technique by applying it to the analysis of fresh human tissue samples ex vivo and to demonstrate the translation to real-time use in vivo in a surgical environment. [Research Articles] Intraoperative Tissue Identification Using Rapid Evaporative Ionization Mass Spectrometry 2013-07-17T18:55:09.017Z Current Japanese national guidelines governing stem cell research allow mixing human and animal material in vitro but forbid in vivo experiments. Japan to Relax Ban on Chimeric Embryo Experiments 2013-06-19T18:40:00Z Below are more pictures of Hospitella, with C and D showing the organism once again in vivo. Squatters of the microbial world: foram-in-a-foram 2013-06-12T23:45:00.353Z Our gene transfer protocol provided efficient stem cell transduction in vitro, resulting in robust and stable in vivo gene marking. [Research Article] Lentiviral Hematopoietic Stem Cell Gene Therapy in Patients with Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome 2013-08-22T18:25:57.537Z Video 3: Capillary and arteriole dilation in vivo Penetrating arteriole and primary capillary in Figure 3d in mouse somatosensory cortex in vivo responding to whisker pad stimulation. Capillary pericytes regulate cerebral blood flow in health and disease 2014-04-04T18:24:22.627Z Evaluation of the microglial response to nuclear receptor agonists in vivo is hampered by the lack of robust and reproducible measures of drug action in this cell type. [Technical Response] Response to Comments on “ApoE-Directed Therapeutics Rapidly Clear β-Amyloid and Reverse Deficits in AD Mouse Models” 2013-05-23T18:26:03.153Z Its role in lymphocyte signaling was characterized and explored through lots of cell-based and in vivo models, including RNAi and other target validation approaches. Immunokinase Drug Candidates: $12B in Value Creation and Counting 2013-03-13T20:18:16Z Tests on living organisms—in vivo—are more revealing than traditional chemical analyses. Unhealthy Glow: Fluorescent Tadpoles Expose Chemical Contamination 2013-02-07T17:15:00.317Z However, the clinical application of Treg-based therapy is hampered by the low frequency of human T and the lack of a reliable model to test their therapeutic effects in vivo. [Research Articles] Human CD8+ Regulatory T Cells Inhibit GVHD and Preserve General Immunity in Humanized Mice 2013-01-16T20:25:12.707Z Figure 3: Active dilation of capillaries by pericytes in vivo in mouse cerebral cortex. Capillary pericytes regulate cerebral blood flow in health and disease 2014-04-04T18:24:22.627Z A Perspective by Steinman discusses proinflammatory cytokines and diseases of the central nervous system, and a Perspective by Silke and Strasser focuses on the regulation of apoptosis and programmed necrosis in vivo. [Introduction to Special Issue] Introduction: Inflammation's Yin-Yang 2013-01-10T19:25:23.700Z The models integrate information from different in vitro experiments with factors from in vivo environments to gain a better understanding of how cancer progresses one cell at a time. Mathematical modelling: Forecasting cancer 2012-11-23T15:21:12.853Z The company’s innovation is to combine the best of two worlds: “in vivo testing at the scale of in vitro,” says CEO Gregory Lemkine. Unhealthy Glow: Fluorescent Tadpoles Expose Chemical Contamination 2013-02-07T17:15:00.317Z Our results indicate that NETosis does not contribute to SLE in vivo; instead, Nox2 acts to inhibit disease pathogenesis, making this enzyme an important target for further study and a candidate for therapeutic intervention. [Research Articles] NADPH Oxidase Inhibits the Pathogenesis of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus 2012-10-28T19:57:07.563Z Extended Data Table 1: Properties of vessels of different branching orders in vivo Video 1: Noradrenaline constricts and glutamate dilates capillaries Vessel in Figure 1d responding to noradrenaline and glutamate in a rat cerebellar slice. Capillary pericytes regulate cerebral blood flow in health and disease 2014-04-04T18:24:22.627Z Cell signals in vivo are even harder to analyze—in any tissue there are many different classes of cells producing a hubbub of different molecular conversations. Cellular Calls: Listening in on Body's Protein "Chatter" May Lead to New Therapies 2012-10-03T11:15:08.683Z We show that the resolution for tissue microstructure in our ex vivo experiments is approximately threefold higher than the in vivo studies compared. [Technical Response] Response to Comment on “The Geometric Structure of the Brain Fiber Pathways” 2012-09-27T17:55:32.233Z The modified surface effectively reduced protein, mammalian cell, and microbial attachment in vitro and in vivo. [Research Articles] Vascular Catheters with a Nonleaching Poly-Sulfobetaine Surface Modification Reduce Thrombus Formation and Microbial Attachment 2012-09-26T18:55:12.067Z Acute administration of STX209 in vivo, at doses that modify behavior, decreased mRNA translation in the cortex of -knockout mice. [Research Articles] Reversal of Disease-Related Pathologies in the Fragile X Mouse Model by Selective Activation of GABAB Receptors with Arbaclofen 2012-09-19T18:25:08.940Z Extended Data Figure 4: Smoothing of the in vivo diameter changes. Capillary pericytes regulate cerebral blood flow in health and disease 2014-04-04T18:24:22.627Z However, because microbiota composition and function are also controlled by feedback from the host, in vivo studies in gnotobiotic mice will be particularly valuable. Diversity, stability and resilience of the human gut microbiota 2012-09-13T11:20:47.313Z Figure 2: DNase I footprints mark sites of in vivo protein occupancy. An expansive human regulatory lexicon encoded in transcription factor footprints 2012-09-05T17:21:56.447Z To investigate in vivo effector function and self-renewal capability, we allowed melanoma-specific T to undergo in vitro expansion and differentiation into lytic effector clones and then adoptively transferred them back into their hosts. [Research Articles] The Stoichiometric Production of IL-2 and IFN-{gamma} mRNA Defines Memory T Cells That Can Self-Renew After Adoptive Transfer in Humans 2012-08-29T19:25:13.800Z We analyzed the movements of nanoparticles of various diameters and surface coatings within fresh human and rat brain tissue ex vivo and mouse brain in vivo. [Research Articles] A Dense Poly(Ethylene Glycol) Coating Improves Penetration of Large Polymeric Nanoparticles Within Brain Tissue 2012-08-29T19:25:11.930Z G202 produced substantial tumor regression against a panel of human cancer xenografts in vivo at doses that were minimally toxic to the host. [Research Articles] Engineering a Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen-Activated Tumor Endothelial Cell Prodrug for Cancer Therapy 2012-06-27T18:55:11.413Z All in vivo and in vitro experimental work is carried out in negatively pressurized class 3 isolators or class 3 biosafety cabinets, respectively. [Special Issue Report] Airborne Transmission of Influenza A/H5N1 Virus Between Ferrets 2012-06-21T18:26:51.147Z The ratios, similar to those seen in development of the structure in vivo, are significant. Human-Eye Precursor Grown from Stem Cell 2012-06-15T17:45:00.243Z We sought to isolate human melanoma-specific T to define their in vivo fate and function after autologous therapeutic transfer to metastatic patients. [Research Articles] The Stoichiometric Production of IL-2 and IFN-{gamma} mRNA Defines Memory T Cells That Can Self-Renew After Adoptive Transfer in Humans 2012-08-29T19:25:13.800Z These findings suggest new preclinical and clinical scheduling and treatment combination strategies to enhance in vivo immune evasion and effective intravenous delivery of oncolytic viruses to patients in vivo. [Research Articles] Cell Carriage, Delivery, and Selective Replication of an Oncolytic Virus in Tumor in Patients 2012-06-13T18:55:08.080Z To understand the impact of daclizumab on T in vivo, we performed a clinical trial of daclizumab in combination with an experimental cancer vaccine in patients with metastatic breast cancer. [Research Articles] CD25 Blockade Depletes and Selectively Reprograms Regulatory T Cells in Concert with Immunotherapy in Cancer Patients 2012-05-16T18:55:13.183Z However, in vitro results are far from perfect in predicting in vivo binding, says Stormo. Functional genomics: The changes that count 2012-02-08T18:51:01.997Z Ex vivo spectroscopic measurements of choline-containing species and in vivo magnetic resonance measurements of diffusion parameters were also correlated with 2HG levels. [Research Articles] Magnetic Resonance of 2-Hydroxyglutarate in IDH1-Mutated Low-Grade Gliomas 2012-01-11T20:25:08.257Z Using human lung cancer xenografts in mice, we confirmed the CMA dependence of cancer cells in vivo. [Research Articles] Chaperone-Mediated Autophagy Is Required for Tumor Growth 2011-11-16T19:55:33.430Z “Biomarkers are really in vivo measurements of the pathology of the disease, so it's an opportunity to investigate the disease mechanisms on a patient level,” he says. Life sciences: Biomarkers on the brain 2011-11-02T18:20:44.333Z Despite their phenotypic markers of terminal differentiation, T17 cells mediated and promoted long-term antitumor immunity in in vivo adoptive transfer experiments. [Research Articles] Human TH17 Cells Are Long-Lived Effector Memory Cells 2011-10-12T19:25:05.093Z Disruption of this cellular network by depletion of pDCs or blockade of IL-15 signaling in mice in vivo prevented epithelial injury, maintained anatomic continuity of the bile duct, and promoted long-term survival. [Research Articles] Dendritic Cells Regulate Natural Killer Cell Activation and Epithelial Injury in Experimental Biliary Atresia 2011-09-28T20:25:37.437Z We experimentally validated a prediction for the antiulcer drug cimetidine as a candidate therapeutic in the treatment of lung adenocarcinoma, and demonstrate its efficacy both in vitro and in vivo using mouse xenograft models. [Research Articles] Discovery and Preclinical Validation of Drug Indications Using Compendia of Public Gene Expression Data 2011-08-17T20:55:09.200Z The engineered T cells expanded >1000-fold in vivo, trafficked to bone marrow, and continued to express functional CARs at high levels for at least 6 months. [Research Articles] T Cells with Chimeric Antigen Receptors Have Potent Antitumor Effects and Can Establish Memory in Patients with Advanced Leukemia 2011-08-10T20:25:07.373Z Treatment with these agents inhibits the growth of RCCs by binding GLUT1 directly and impeding glucose uptake in vivo without toxicity to normal tissue. [Research Articles] Targeting GLUT1 and the Warburg Effect in Renal Cell Carcinoma by Chemical Synthetic Lethality 2011-08-03T18:58:18.090Z Fenton and Luther say that preliminary in vivo experiments in the ventricles showed positive results, and that they are conducting more extensive studies. Kinder, Gentler Defibrillator Uses Multiple, Small Jolts 2011-07-14T00:15:04.170Z But Boobis predicts that many more in vivo toxicity tests are inevitable. Toxicology: Data gaps threaten chemical safety law 2011-07-13T17:20:26.760Z However, this was the first in vivo exercise, and it opens the doors of the field much wider than previously possible through in vitro culture alone. When Viruses Infect Bacteria 2011-07-05T18:07:00Z The Venter Institute team managed to assemble a 583-kilobase genome in vitro, but it ultimately developed an in vivo assembly system for its synthetic genome. Synthetic genomes: The next step for the synthetic genome 2011-05-18T17:21:09.763Z We demonstrated that mice treated with losartan developed significantly less fibrosis and exhibited improved in vivo muscle function after cardiotoxin-induced injury. [Research Articles] Losartan Restores Skeletal Muscle Remodeling and Protects Against Disuse Atrophy in Sarcopenia 2011-05-11T19:25:12.097Z Successful adoptive T cell therapy to treat cancer requires engraftment of antitumor T lymphocytes that not only retain specificity and function in vivo but also display an intrinsic capacity to survive. [Research Articles] Establishment of Antitumor Memory in Humans Using in Vitro-Educated CD8+ T Cells 2011-04-27T18:55:17.370Z Consistent with the in vivo response, inhibition of MEK reversed the cytokine hypersensitivity characteristic of G12D hematopoietic progenitor cells in vitro. [Research Articles] A MEK Inhibitor Abrogates Myeloproliferative Disease in Kras Mutant Mice 2011-03-30T18:55:17.813Z These data also suggest that studies of recombinant CFTR-ΔF508 misprocessing predict in vivo behavior, which validates its use in biochemical and drug discovery experiments. [Research Articles] The {Delta}F508 Mutation Causes CFTR Misprocessing and Cystic Fibrosis-Like Disease in Pigs 2011-03-16T19:55:15.343Z These mice developed a high incidence of spontaneous autoimmune diabetes and harbored T cells sensitive both in vitro and in vivo to anti-human CD3 antibodies. [Research Articles] Human CD3 Transgenic Mice: Preclinical Testing of Antibodies Promoting Immune Tolerance 2011-02-02T19:55:09.787Z Peptide drugs are the most recent trend in drug discovery, and significant improvements are being made to overcome their shortcomings, which include high manufacturing costs, short half-life, and limited in vivo bioavailability. [Editors' Choice] Novel Peptide to Treat Sepsis-Induced Acute Lung Injury 2011-01-19T22:55:22.923Z I applied, hoping to join Benzer's lab to do work on ageing in vivo. Turning point: William Ja 2011-01-12T18:21:14.393Z “The ultimate test will be in vivo, but this is an important contribution.” Tiny Tools Aren?t Toys 2010-09-27T15:54:00Z In another, called in vivo desensitization, they are exposed while awake to what may be haunting them in their sleep — for example, a live snake, caged and harmless — until the fear subsides. Guiding Your Sleep While You?re Awake 2010-07-27T03:42:00Z But Nagrath is convinced his strategy is ultimately the most practical for rebuilding tissue in vivo, and not only because it may cost significantly less than Matrigel. Your Fat May Help You Heal 2010-03-29T16:37:00Z Regrowing the dead bone and cartilage in situ in vivo would be ideal. 2010-01-19T02:01:00Z In this case then the condition of the blood in vivo is satisfactorily explained by the absence of function of bone-marrow. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological
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