| 单词 | apoptosis |
| 例句 | The first thing is to cool down the body to best preserve the brain cells, which are by then in the process of apoptosis, or suicide. Sam Parnia – the man who could bring you back from the dead 2013-04-06T21:00:01Z Cells also monitor their neighbors for evidence of abnormal behavior, sending signals to aberrant cells to induce apoptosis. How microbes in food can impact your body’s defenses against cancer 2023-02-28T05:00:00Z In biological apoptosis, parts of an organism perish so the whole can achieve optimal form. In the galleries: From the everyday to the fantastic 2015-05-28T04:00:00Z Cells monitor themselves for mutations and induce cell death, also known as apoptosis, when necessary. How microbes in food can impact your body’s defenses against cancer 2023-02-28T05:00:00Z Cells that are able to evade detection, avoid apoptosis and replicate quickly have an evolutionary advantage within the body over cells that behave normally. How microbes in food can impact your body’s defenses against cancer 2023-02-28T05:00:00Z After metamorphosis, these organs become redundant and will be resorbed by controlled cell death, called apoptosis. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z In the process of apoptosis, the cell survives. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z Senescent cells resist apoptosis, or programmed cell death, and characteristically get big and flat, with enlarged nuclei. Zombie cells central to the quest for active, vital old age 2022-08-30T04:00:00Z There are many internal checkpoints that monitor a cell’s health; if abnormalities are observed, a cell can spontaneously initiate the process of apoptosis. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z The process of programmed cell death is called apoptosis. Miller & Levine Biology 2018-01-01T00:00:00Z By mechanisms still under investigation, apoptosis does not initiate the inflammatory response. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z After the NK cell detects an infected or tumor cell, it induces programmed cell death, or apoptosis. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z This causes the fat cells to freeze and die — a process called apoptosis. Nonsurgical body sculpting: The history and how it works | Provided by Glow Medispa 2021-01-04T05:00:00Z However, if the cell moves away from the extracellular matrix, the signaling ceases, and the cell undergoes apoptosis. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z By profiling different cell types undergoing apoptosis in response to different triggers, Medina et al. identified metabolites that were consistently released from all dying cells, whereas other metabolites in the cells were not released. Ghostly metabolic messages from dying cells 2020-03-17T04:00:00Z In the process of clonal deletion, immature B cells that bind strongly to self-antigens expressed on tissues are signaled to commit suicide by apoptosis, removing them from the population. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z These include forms of cell suicide, such as apoptosis, which leads to the fragmentation of individual cells, and regulated forms of necrotic cell death that induce cell rupture7. Senescent cells feed on their neighbours 2019-10-27T04:00:00Z They eventually showed that the mutant cells were forced to initiate a form of programmed cell death called apoptosis. These secret battles between your body’s cells might just save your life 2019-10-14T04:00:00Z Another example of external signaling that leads to apoptosis occurs in T-cell development. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Medina and colleagues traced the conversion of arginine to spermidine by this pathway, and found that cells induced to undergo apoptosis increased their synthesis of spermidine and its precursor, the molecule putrescine, before dying. Ghostly metabolic messages from dying cells 2020-03-17T04:00:00Z When a B cell binds to a self-antigen but receives no signals from a nearby Th2 cell to produce antibody, the cell is signaled to undergo apoptosis and is destroyed. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z Loser cells undergo a type of cell death called apoptosis, and the initiation of cell death requires direct contact between winner and loser cells. Flower power as human cancer cells compete with normal cells 2019-07-23T04:00:00Z Cells in the embryo with approximately half the amount of the protein compared with their neighbours were dying by apoptosis. These secret battles between your body’s cells might just save your life 2019-10-14T04:00:00Z If the T-cell receptor binds to self proteins, the cell initiates apoptosis to remove the potentially dangerous cell. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Figure 1 | Cells that die by a process called apoptosis signal to neighbouring cells. Ghostly metabolic messages from dying cells 2020-03-17T04:00:00Z In a normal cell, p53 detects DNA damage in the cell’s genome and either halts the progression of the cell cycle—allowing time for DNA repair to occur—or initiates apoptosis. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z As a postdoc, he studied a form of cellular self-destruction called apoptosis. Treatments for childhood cancer can devastate lives years later. Scientists are trying to change that 2019-03-14T04:00:00Z One common finding is that the compound causes tumour cells to self-destruct — a process known as apoptosis — while sparing adjacent healthy tissue. Tea’s value as a cancer therapy is steeped in uncertainty 2019-02-05T05:00:00Z A cell signaling mechanism triggers apoptosis, which destroys the cells between the developing digits. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z The vast majority of these deaths occur by a process called apoptosis. Ghostly metabolic messages from dying cells 2020-03-17T04:00:00Z High-risk HPV can neutralize p53, keeping the cell in a state in which fast growth is possible and impairing apoptosis, allowing mutations to accumulate in the cellular DNA. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z But in the developing tissues of healthy young mice, he found, "The apoptosis pathway is blowout high and incredibly active." Treatments for childhood cancer can devastate lives years later. Scientists are trying to change that 2019-03-14T04:00:00Z Necroptosis is a more inflammatory form of cell death than apoptosis. Neighbourhood deaths cause a switch in cancer subtype 2018-09-11T04:00:00Z A granzyme is a protease that digests cellular proteins and induces the target cell to undergo programmed cell death, or apoptosis. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z However, because Medina and colleagues observed a rise in arginine metabolism during apoptosis, if urea is not released through PANX1, this might provide a further reason why apoptosis is not inflammatory. Ghostly metabolic messages from dying cells 2020-03-17T04:00:00Z If apoptosis is induced before the virus has the ability to synthesize and assemble all its components, no infectious virus will be released from the cell, thus preventing further infection. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z Anticancer treatments activate apoptosis in cancer cells—but also in healthy developing tissues, putting young cancer patients at high risk of tissue damage. Treatments for childhood cancer can devastate lives years later. Scientists are trying to change that 2019-03-14T04:00:00Z Nuclear protein 1 promotes pancreatic cancer development and protects cells from stress by inhibiting apoptosis. Evolutionary routes and KRAS dosage define pancreatic cancer phenotypes 2018-01-23T05:00:00Z The humoral immune response produces cytotoxic T cells that induce apoptosis in pathogen-infected cells. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Medina and colleagues’ work opens rich possibilities for future investigations into how apoptosis triggers metabolic changes, and how the regulated release of metabolites influences tissues. Ghostly metabolic messages from dying cells 2020-03-17T04:00:00Z The T cells that bind to these self-antigens are selected for negatively and are killed by apoptosis. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z Sarosiek is now trying to understand, in a mouse model of radiation treatment, how pediatric cancer therapy activates apoptosis in healthy tissues. Treatments for childhood cancer can devastate lives years later. Scientists are trying to change that 2019-03-14T04:00:00Z Antagonism of inhibitor of apoptosis proteins increases bone metastasis via unexpected osteoclast activation. Chromosomal instability drives metastasis through a cytosolic DNA response 2018-01-16T05:00:00Z CD4+T cells have CD4 molecules covalently bound to their cell surfaces and do not induce apoptosis in other cells during an immune response. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z These proteins can both induce or prevent apoptosis, and the team suspected that the balance between these proteins was disrupted in the overactive myofibroblasts. Pushing cells to self-destruct combats deadly fibrosis 2017-12-13T05:00:00Z These proteins enhance cellular proliferation and inhibit apoptosis, or programmed cell death. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z “They act to block cell deaths. In other words, if levels of IAPs are elevated, apoptosis is prevented and cancers spread.” Six Nobel prizes – what’s the fascination with the fruit fly? 2017-10-07T04:00:00Z Unlike necrosis, the leftovers of apoptosis are mostly tolerated by the immune system. Faking cellular suicide could help control inflammation 2017-09-14T04:00:00Z Mutated cells undergo apoptosis, causing cells to divide uncontrollably. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Along with colleagues, the pair focused on a core challenge: how to coax myofibroblasts to self-destruct, a cellular process called apoptosis. Pushing cells to self-destruct combats deadly fibrosis 2017-12-13T05:00:00Z After a while, they realised that the damage inflicted by more edits than this was triggering a cellular self-destruct mechanism called apoptosis. Gene editing may make pigs into organ donors for people 2017-08-09T04:00:00Z Victorious neurons receive trophic, or nourishing, factors that allow their survival; unsuccessful neurons fade away in a process called apoptosis, or cell death. Why Is Synaptic Pruning Important for the Developing Brain? 2017-05-29T04:00:00Z Graceful death, known as apoptosis, is a sort of pre-planned cellular suicide. Faking cellular suicide could help control inflammation 2017-09-14T04:00:00Z Cancer treatment would require inhibiting apoptosis which is a natural defense. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z As important as apoptosis is to death, it is essential for life. What Our Cells Teach Us About a ‘Natural’ Death 2017-03-13T04:00:00Z It reduces the rate at which cells are lost both through wear and tear and through the programmed process of cell death called apoptosis. We all know exercise makes you live longer. But this will actually get you off the couch. 2016-02-22T05:00:00Z But one prominent theory, says Popovich, is that it triggers something called apoptosis: a kind of cell “suicide” that encourages the turnover of cells—some with mutations—to be recycled into new cells. This One Condiment Instantly Improves Your Diet 2015-12-03T05:00:00Z Secondly, some animal studies have some that various pesticides can cause an increase in rates of apoptosis, or programmed cell death, in the gonads, leading to fewer sperm being produced. Pesticides on Vegetables and Fruit Linked to Lower Sperm Counts 2015-03-30T04:00:00Z The apoptosis helps in controlling the consumption of energy by the extra cells. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Such choices often lead us to a fate that more closely resembles necrosis, involving the futile activation of innumerable resources eventually resulting in a cataclysmic outcome, rather than apoptosis. What Our Cells Teach Us About a ‘Natural’ Death 2017-03-13T04:00:00Z The frequently mutated apoptosis gene CASP8 displayed clustered missense and other inactivating mutations in the first death effector, intron and caspase peptidase domains. Comprehensive genomic characterization of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas : Nature : Nature Publishing Group 2015-01-27T05:00:00Z Previous research3 suggests that the cooling works by slowing down or stopping the death of oxygen-deprived cells — a process known as apoptosis. Cooling protects oxygen-deprived infants 2014-07-08T04:00:00Z Reduced in vitro and in xenografts resulted in decreased apoptosis and caused antiestrogen resistance. [Research Articles] Epigenetic Reprogramming of HOXC10 in Endocrine-Resistant Breast Cancer 2014-03-26T19:25:07.559Z The apoptosis inhibits the production of faulty proteins, which could be produced due to the DNA damage. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z “There are many disorders in which there is too little apoptotic death,” Dr. Horvitz said, “and in those cases it is activating apoptosis that could increase longevity.” What Our Cells Teach Us About a ‘Natural’ Death 2017-03-13T04:00:00Z Initially considered an unregulated response to nonspecific stress, necroptosis is now understood to be controlled by signaling pathways that intersect with the regulation of apoptosis, a well-characterized programmed cell death mechanism. [Perspective] RIPK3 Takes Another Deadly Turn 2014-03-20T18:25:34.961Z Once the new being is pushed into the world, apoptosis continues to be involved. Raw Data: A Tumor, the Embryo’s Evil Twin 2014-03-17T20:26:20Z Of the molecules with proresolution activity, tanshinone IIA, derived from a Chinese medicinal herb, potently induced inflammation resolution in vivo both by induction of neutrophil apoptosis and by promoting reverse migration of neutrophils. [Research Articles] A Zebrafish Compound Screen Reveals Modulation of Neutrophil Reverse Migration as an Anti-Inflammatory Mechanism 2014-02-26T19:25:21.240Z The process of apoptosis stops the invasion of viruses in the other cells. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z In fact, most cancers occur because of defects in apoptosis, and most novel cancer therapies are designed to allow cell death to occur as it normally would. What Our Cells Teach Us About a ‘Natural’ Death 2017-03-13T04:00:00Z By contrast, apoptosis is relatively neat and does not trigger an inflammatory response. [Perspective] RIPK3 Takes Another Deadly Turn 2014-03-20T18:25:34.961Z Crucial to the development of a fetus is a phenomenon called apoptosis. Raw Data: A Tumor, the Embryo’s Evil Twin 2014-03-17T20:26:20Z Subsequently, these monocytes no longer trafficked to sites of inflammation; rather, IMP infusion caused their sequestration in the spleen through apoptotic cell clearance mechanisms and, ultimately, caspase-3–mediated apoptosis. [Research Articles] Therapeutic Inflammatory Monocyte Modulation Using Immune-Modifying Microparticles 2014-01-15T19:25:14.253Z Explain the function of telomerase in the development of stem cells and cancer cells, and the inhibition of telomerase in programmed cell death or apoptosis. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z The question for us, then, is: What is the human equivalent of apoptosis in the context of our society? What Our Cells Teach Us About a ‘Natural’ Death 2017-03-13T04:00:00Z Or they realize something was very wrong, and perform a clean programmed cell death called apoptosis. New studies detail how HIV affects immune system, claim drug exists to block virus 2013-12-19T21:53:36Z In the burgeoning of cells that occurs during gestation, many are superfluous, and apoptosis encourages them to die. Raw Data: A Tumor, the Embryo’s Evil Twin 2014-03-17T20:26:20Z The results suggest a specific evolutionary process that likely occurred—including repeated gains and loss of mesoderm, expansion of genes associated with the cell cycle, growth signaling, apoptosis, and epithelial and neural cell types. [Research Article] The Genome of the Ctenophore Mnemiopsis leidyi and Its Implications for Cell Type Evolution 2013-12-12T19:26:12.817Z Programmed cell death, or apoptosis, removes damaged or unnecessary cells and plays a vital role in development, including morphogenesis of fingers and toes. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z When chromosome ends fuse with each other, this irreversible damage results in the activation of apoptosis; the cell enters crisis, and dies. The Hallmarks of Cancer: 4 - Limitless Replicative Potential 2013-10-10T19:45:47.683Z Intrinsic differences between cell types may affect therapeutic response; the ability of cancer cells to undergo apoptosis in response to DNA-damaging agents seems to be substantially influenced by the cell type of origin. The causes and consequences of genetic heterogeneity in cancer evolution 2013-09-18T17:22:16.487Z ATM is involved in numerous DDR-regulated cellular responses—cell cycle arrest, DNA repair, and apoptosis. [Research Articles] Therapeutic Targeting of a Robust Non-Oncogene Addiction to PRKDC in ATM-Defective Tumors 2013-06-12T22:25:11.660Z The histopathology of these xenografts mimicked the original tumors, and short-term host castration resulted in reduced proliferation and increased apoptosis in tumor cells. [Research Articles] A Preclinical Xenograft Model Identifies Castration-Tolerant Cancer-Repopulating Cells in Localized Prostate Tumors 2013-05-29T19:25:09.490Z If the DNA cannot be repaired, p53 can trigger apoptosis, or cell death, to prevent the duplication of damaged chromosomes. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Despite the initial massive apoptosis observed in growing, though not in resting, follicles of Cy-treated mice, differential follicle counts demonstrated both a decrease in primordial follicles and an increase in early growing follicles. [Research Articles] Cyclophosphamide Triggers Follicle Activation and "Burnout"; AS101 Prevents Follicle Loss and Preserves Fertility 2013-05-15T18:55:03.470Z Therefore, metacestodes may be vulnerable to similar strategies as cancer; suppression of mitosis, induction of apoptosis and prevention of DNA replication. The genomes of four tapeworm species reveal adaptations to parasitism 2013-04-03T17:20:55.120Z We report that ATM deficiency prevents apoptosis in human and murine cancer cells exposed to genotoxic chemotherapy. [Research Articles] Therapeutic Targeting of a Robust Non-Oncogene Addiction to PRKDC in ATM-Defective Tumors 2013-06-12T22:25:11.660Z In his group, he says, “there are people with experience in apoptosis, leukaemia and DNA repair, and it's great to learn from all of them”. RNA: The genome's rising stars 2013-04-03T17:20:35.657Z The damaged version of p53 found in cancer cells, however, cannot trigger apoptosis. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z NK cells were highly activated in severe asthma, were linked to eosinophilia, and interacted with autologous eosinophils to promote their apoptosis. [Research Articles] Lipoxin A4 Regulates Natural Killer Cell and Type 2 Innate Lymphoid Cell Activation in Asthma 2013-02-27T19:25:04.833Z When a cell is damaged it either dies in a process called apoptosis or it simply stops dividing. Ask the Experts: Can Aging Be Controlled? 2013-01-30T19:15:02.607Z A Perspective by Steinman discusses proinflammatory cytokines and diseases of the central nervous system, and a Perspective by Silke and Strasser focuses on the regulation of apoptosis and programmed necrosis in vivo. [Introduction to Special Issue] Introduction: Inflammation's Yin-Yang 2013-01-10T19:25:23.700Z Studies suggest that turning off Myc causes cancer cells to self-destruct in a process called apoptosis. DNA pioneer James Watson takes aim at 'cancer establishments' 2013-01-09T05:04:40Z The transition hotspots are in segments that regulate apoptosis. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z The other portion damages the membrane, triggering a mechanism called apoptosis which causes the cell to kill itself. Drug research: Toxic medicine 2013-01-03T16:05:39Z Tilly dropped most of his apoptosis work and steered his entire lab towards proving the existence and functionality of these stem cells. Reproductive biology: Fertile mind 2012-11-14T18:21:14.237Z These apoptosis inhibitors were also highly upregulated under heat and low salinity stress. The oyster genome reveals stress adaptation and complexity of shell formation 2012-10-03T18:22:26.103Z Some evidence suggested that large numbers of these cells died through a process of programmed cell death called apoptosis. In Theory: Under Stress, Insulin-Making Cells Revert to Nascent State 2012-10-01T15:20:39Z Programmed cell death, or apoptosis, is important for removing damaged or unnecessary cells. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z All that’s possible because they are specialists in inhibiting “apoptosis,” the process by which a cell kills itself in an orderly fashion once it suffers serious damage. Genome of the lowly oyster is likely to tell us a lot 2012-09-19T17:10:00Z Loss of JNK signalling produces a defect in apoptosis in response to stress, which would hypothetically explain why these mutations accumulate. Whole-genome analysis informs breast cancer response to aromatase inhibition 2012-06-20T17:22:05.433Z The existence of an intrinsic apoptosis pathway in invertebrates has been controversial, and parts of the pathways have only recently been demonstrated for two lophotrochozoans. The oyster genome reveals stress adaptation and complexity of shell formation 2012-10-03T18:22:26.103Z Upon opening, the robot delivered the fragments to the cell – fragments which contained molecular instructions for the cells to undergo apoptosis – in other words, to commit suicide. Scientists Target Cancer With DNA Robots 2012-02-17T21:09:39Z On the other hand, non-enveloped viral progeny, such as rhinoviruses, accumulate in infected cells until there is a signal for lysis or apoptosis, and all virions are released together. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z The current research indicates that microRNA are at the heart of neuron survival, acting to essentially turn off the apoptosis mechanism that leads to cell death. Ten Brain Science Studies from 2011 Worth Talking About 2011-12-27T21:30:10Z A systems biology investigation of the two groups found statistically significant differences between them in the expression of genes related to apoptosis and metabolite profiles. Perspective: All systems go 2011-12-21T18:20:56.003Z Powerful inhibition of apoptosis as shown by genomic and transcriptomic analyses may be central to the ability of oysters to tolerate prolonged air exposure and other stresses. The oyster genome reveals stress adaptation and complexity of shell formation 2012-10-03T18:22:26.103Z The authors conclude that autophagy, activated in the context of DNA damage-induced apoptosis, causes ATP release and the recruitment of immune cells. [Perspective] Cancer: Autophagy in Tumor Immunity 2011-12-15T18:55:36.257Z Treatment with adipotide induced targeted apoptosis within blood vessels of white adipose tissue and resulted in rapid weight loss and improved insulin resistance in obese monkeys. [Research Articles] A Peptidomimetic Targeting White Fat Causes Weight Loss and Improved Insulin Resistance in Obese Monkeys 2011-11-09T19:55:05.263Z The other induces apoptosis, which is essentially programmed cell suicide. Todd Rider Has a Kill Switch for Viruses 2011-11-03T20:50:54Z How would such findings apply to the death of human cells in processes called atrophy or apoptosis? Python Digestion Study Holds Promise for Human Heart Health 2011-10-27T18:15:54Z The expansion of genes coding for heat shock protein 70 and inhibitors of apoptosis is probably central to the oyster’s adaptation to sessile life in the highly stressful intertidal zone. The oyster genome reveals stress adaptation and complexity of shell formation 2012-10-03T18:22:26.103Z Multiple mutations in DNA—specifically, abnormalities in the p21 and p53 genes, among other changes—stop the process of apoptosis, or programmed cell death, that normal cells undergo. Did Alternative Medicine Extend or Abbreviate Steve Jobs's Life? 2011-10-27T12:15:00.420Z Adiponectin is a hormone that is secreted from fat tissue and exerts a multitude of beneficial effects, including increasing insulin sensitivity, decreasing inflammation, and inhibiting apoptosis. [Editors' Choice] Adiponectin Battles Ceramides 2011-02-02T19:55:14.487Z These receptors, when activated by ligand binding, initiate signaling mechanisms that protect cells from apoptosis and favor cell survival. Editors' Choice 2011-01-13T19:25:02.660Z The drug works by interfering with a process of programed cell death called apoptosis -- basically a form of cell suicide. U.S. invests in drug to protect against radiation 2010-09-17T20:31:00Z Gunderson’s team examined individual cells in the wasting muscles and found that there is apoptosis going on, but that other cells are dying, not the muscle fibers or their extra nuclei. Muscles Remember Past Glory 2010-08-18T14:54:00Z Unhealthy mitochondria are known to send a distress signal that triggers a form of cell suicide known as apoptosis. Fertilizing Future Brain Cells 2010-07-09T13:49:00Z Starved for fuel, the cancer cells begin consuming themselves, a process called autophagy – self eating – accompanied by other biochemical events that lead to the cells' death by a natural process called apoptosis. New Agent Chokes Off Energy Supply, Kills Cancer Cells 2010-04-09T14:26:00Z In normal cells, this process of "programmed cell death", or apoptosis, happens automatically, but in the polyps, the process does not work as well. Chemical 'nips cancer in the bud' 2010-03-28T23:17:00Z The company itself is effectively adapting a biological process called apoptosis, a preprogrammed cell suicide of sorts. Reuters Breakingviews: Taking Baby Steps on 2nd Mortgages 2010-03-24T00:32:00Z But the selective death of just some of the nuclei in a muscle cell would require a special kind of apoptosis. Muscles Remember Past Glory 2010-08-18T14:54:00Z In laboratory tests, the experts found that their combination of two chemicals resulted in apoptosis in the polyp, without affecting surrounding tissues. Chemical 'nips cancer in the bud' 2010-03-28T23:17:00Z |
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