| 单词 | hypermetropia |
| 例句 | Limits of error in the subjective and objective determination of hypermetropia. Schweigger on Squint A Monograph by Dr. C. Schweigger 2011-03-22T02:00:22.370Z Long-sight, or hypermetropia, signifies that the eyeball is too short or the lens too flat. How it Works Dealing in simple language with steam, electricity, light, heat, sound, hydraulics, optics, etc., and with their applications to apparatus in common use There is a high degree of hypermetropia in each eye, the R. has nearly 6.0 D and the L. about 5.0 D. With correction he gets practically full direct vision with each. Surgical Experiences in South Africa, 1899-1900 Being Mainly a Clinical Study of the Nature and Effects of Injuries Produced by Bullets of Small Calibre They also examined other animals, and the same proportion of hypermetropia existed. Scientific American Supplement No. 822, October 3, 1891 I know it is the custom with a great many if not the majority of opticians to fit a customer without knowing whether he has presbyopia, hypermetropia, or any of the other errors of refraction. Scientific American Supplement, No. 787, January 31, 1891 Those cases deserve particular mention, in which it remained doubtful whether hypermetropia of slight degree or emmetropia was present. Schweigger on Squint A Monograph by Dr. C. Schweigger 2011-03-22T02:00:22.370Z Ocular examination showed hypermetropia 1.5 D. R. and L. with marked astigmatism. Pathology of Lying, accusation, and swindling: a study in forensic psychology In "long sight," or hypermetropia both the near and far point of vision are concerned, and there is no distinct vision at any distance without a strain. A Practical Physiology In mydriasis by atropine hypermetropia of 3 to 4 dioptres results. Schweigger on Squint A Monograph by Dr. C. Schweigger 2011-03-22T02:00:22.370Z Patient really comes on account of his son, aged 7-1/2, in whom hypermetropia of 3·5 dioptres is detected with the ophthalmoscope, right eye with + 3·5 V. 5/9. Schweigger on Squint A Monograph by Dr. C. Schweigger 2011-03-22T02:00:22.370Z In practice it is immaterial whether emmetropia or a minimum degree of hypermetropia is present; for statistics essentially devoted to theoretical questions it seemed more suitable to unite these cases in a separate group. Schweigger on Squint A Monograph by Dr. C. Schweigger 2011-03-22T02:00:22.370Z Determination of refraction of the better eye is given in 6 cases, and showed twice emmetropia, twice slight myopia, twice hypermetropia. Schweigger on Squint A Monograph by Dr. C. Schweigger 2011-03-22T02:00:22.370Z This regular increase of defective sight with the increase of the hypermetropia can be no mere accident, and speaks strongly for the identity of defective vision in squint with congenital amblyopia. Schweigger on Squint A Monograph by Dr. C. Schweigger 2011-03-22T02:00:22.370Z Slight hypermetropia was present on both sides, and nearly full visual acuteness. Schweigger on Squint A Monograph by Dr. C. Schweigger 2011-03-22T02:00:22.370Z This is not to be wondered at, as hypermetropia is present in the great majority of cases of squint, and the observations as to spontaneous cure are also rare in these. Schweigger on Squint A Monograph by Dr. C. Schweigger 2011-03-22T02:00:22.370Z Dr. Isler in his dissertation, 'The Dependence of Strabismus on Refraction,' gives the percentage of hypermetropia in convergent squint as 88 per cent.—a great difference, which can, however, be partly accounted for. Schweigger on Squint A Monograph by Dr. C. Schweigger 2011-03-22T02:00:22.370Z During the examination I found on the right hypermetropia 5·5 D., visual acuteness 5/12 to 5/9, on the left with + 5·5 D., V = 1/12. Schweigger on Squint A Monograph by Dr. C. Schweigger 2011-03-22T02:00:22.370Z To Donders belongs the merit of having pointed out the presence of hypermetropia in about two thirds of all cases of convergent strabismus. Schweigger on Squint A Monograph by Dr. C. Schweigger 2011-03-22T02:00:22.370Z Donders declares no other conclusion to be possible, than this, that the hypermetropia is the cause of the squint. Schweigger on Squint A Monograph by Dr. C. Schweigger 2011-03-22T02:00:22.370Z It is important to notice that Donders' theory makes convergent squint appear as almost a necessary consequence of hypermetropia. Schweigger on Squint A Monograph by Dr. C. Schweigger 2011-03-22T02:00:22.370Z In full acuity of vision even high degrees of hypermetropia are no trouble to children. Schweigger on Squint A Monograph by Dr. C. Schweigger 2011-03-22T02:00:22.370Z According to Donders all these furnish a reason why, in existing hypermetropia, binocular fixation should be abandoned and convergent strabismus developed. Schweigger on Squint A Monograph by Dr. C. Schweigger 2011-03-22T02:00:22.370Z It cannot be denied that the relation existing between convergent strabismus and hypermetropia may be as Donders represents it; the only question is, whether it really is so. Schweigger on Squint A Monograph by Dr. C. Schweigger 2011-03-22T02:00:22.370Z If Donders' theory is right, convergent strabismus must really begin, as soon as double hypermetropia meets with causes which depreciate the value of binocular vision. Schweigger on Squint A Monograph by Dr. C. Schweigger 2011-03-22T02:00:22.370Z The theory may be tested then by statistics, which confront the cases of hypermetropia and convergent strabismus with those cases in which hypermetropia meets with Donders' conditions and normal binocular vision still remains. Schweigger on Squint A Monograph by Dr. C. Schweigger 2011-03-22T02:00:22.370Z Asthenopia, which occurs in children in connection with hypermetropia, is nearly always accompanied by defective vision. Schweigger on Squint A Monograph by Dr. C. Schweigger 2011-03-22T02:00:22.370Z Are we to recognise hypermetropia here or not? Schweigger on Squint A Monograph by Dr. C. Schweigger 2011-03-22T02:00:22.370Z Finally it must be added, that if the ophthalmoscopic estimation of refraction is to be exact, mydriasis by atropine is required, when, as is known, even emmetropic eyes may show a slight degree of hypermetropia. Schweigger on Squint A Monograph by Dr. C. Schweigger 2011-03-22T02:00:22.370Z Isler found in hypermetropia of 2 to 10 dioptres squinting in 75 per cent.; in my statistics H. 1·5 D. to the highest degrees of hypermetropia are likewise represented by 75 per cent. Schweigger on Squint A Monograph by Dr. C. Schweigger 2011-03-22T02:00:22.370Z The influence of hypermetropia is very apparent in the percentage of periodic squint. Schweigger on Squint A Monograph by Dr. C. Schweigger 2011-03-22T02:00:22.370Z Afterwards, Donders sought to explain the occurrence of convergent strabismus in emmetropia by paresis of accommodation, which must indeed, according to his theory, produce the same result as hypermetropia. Schweigger on Squint A Monograph by Dr. C. Schweigger 2011-03-22T02:00:22.370Z Further, however, I maintain that as a rule, at the age when squint usually begins, the accommodation really suffices to overcome even high degrees of hypermetropia. Schweigger on Squint A Monograph by Dr. C. Schweigger 2011-03-22T02:00:22.370Z In hypermetropia, if one causes fixation at about 30 cm. and then covers the eye with the hand, it frequently deviates inwards. Schweigger on Squint A Monograph by Dr. C. Schweigger 2011-03-22T02:00:22.370Z On both sides apparent emmetropia or very slight hypermetropia, acuity of vision on left side 5/9, on the right 5/18, ophthalmoscopic diagnosis of refraction was impossible on account of restless fixation. Schweigger on Squint A Monograph by Dr. C. Schweigger 2011-03-22T02:00:22.370Z The visual acuteness amounts to 5/12 on the left, 5/24 on the right, ophthalmoscopically with atropine hypermetropia of two dioptres. Schweigger on Squint A Monograph by Dr. C. Schweigger 2011-03-22T02:00:22.370Z It happens, indeed, that in considerable degrees of hypermetropia a slight convergent deviation occurs only from time to time, the cause of which, on closer investigation, can only be sought in the ocular muscles. Schweigger on Squint A Monograph by Dr. C. Schweigger 2011-03-22T02:00:22.370Z The examination showed for the right eye hypermetropia 1·5, for the left myopia 3·5 D.; full acuity of vision on both sides. Schweigger on Squint A Monograph by Dr. C. Schweigger 2011-03-22T02:00:22.370Z It is otherwise in those cases of hypermetropia of high degree in which patients voluntarily call forth convergent squint, and retain it for a short time for the purpose of distinct vision. Schweigger on Squint A Monograph by Dr. C. Schweigger 2011-03-22T02:00:22.370Z As a rule preponderance of the interni in hypermetropia leads eventually to convergent squint even in childhood. Schweigger on Squint A Monograph by Dr. C. Schweigger 2011-03-22T02:00:22.370Z I have not been able to persuade myself of the fact that hypermetropia can play any part therein. Schweigger on Squint A Monograph by Dr. C. Schweigger 2011-03-22T02:00:22.370Z In most cases of this kind hypermetropia is present. Schweigger on Squint A Monograph by Dr. C. Schweigger 2011-03-22T02:00:22.370Z The theory of Donders that squint is less frequent in hypermetropia of high degree because too strong convergence would not suffice to furnish clear retinal images, is scarcely tenable in the face of such cases. Schweigger on Squint A Monograph by Dr. C. Schweigger 2011-03-22T02:00:22.370Z On account of the importance which the disappearance of squint possesses in hypermetropia I will describe a few more cases which belong here. Schweigger on Squint A Monograph by Dr. C. Schweigger 2011-03-22T02:00:22.370Z H—, governess, æt. about 30, came under treatment for asthenopic disorders; on both sides hypermetropia 2·5 D., visual acuteness 5/18. Schweigger on Squint A Monograph by Dr. C. Schweigger 2011-03-22T02:00:22.370Z At any rate the fact is settled that squint can disappear spontaneously, and without the aid of convex glasses even in high degrees of hypermetropia. Schweigger on Squint A Monograph by Dr. C. Schweigger 2011-03-22T02:00:22.370Z On the left hypermetropia 3·5 D., vision normal; on the right the same degree of hypermetropia, vision not more than 1/12 of the normal, no ophthalmoscopic report. Schweigger on Squint A Monograph by Dr. C. Schweigger 2011-03-22T02:00:22.370Z Observation of these cases further teaches, that treatment with convex glasses has prospects of success, particularly in periodic squint with hypermetropia, if squint can disappear spontaneously even without correction of the hypermetropia. Schweigger on Squint A Monograph by Dr. C. Schweigger 2011-03-22T02:00:22.370Z In periodic squint, the first care must always be to determine the condition of refraction, if possible with atropine, and to neutralise or over-correct hypermetropia if present. Schweigger on Squint A Monograph by Dr. C. Schweigger 2011-03-22T02:00:22.370Z On the right, hypermetropia 3 D. with the ophthalmoscope, visual acuteness 5/24. Schweigger on Squint A Monograph by Dr. C. Schweigger 2011-03-22T02:00:22.370Z On the left, with the ophthalmoscope hypermetropia 4·5 D. with asymmetric meridian. Schweigger on Squint A Monograph by Dr. C. Schweigger 2011-03-22T02:00:22.370Z Among them 3 with double hypermetropia, 2 with emmetropia in one, and hypermetropia in the other eye. Schweigger on Squint A Monograph by Dr. C. Schweigger 2011-03-22T02:00:22.370Z |
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