| 单词 | Hymenoptera |
| 例句 | The young researcher, who recently started to pursue his bachelor’s degree at Saratov State University in Russia, reported his discovery last month in The Journal of Hymenoptera Research. This Tiny Parasitic Wasp Can Drill Through Plastic 2023-09-21T04:00:00Z At first she thought she’d been stung—a surprise because most males of the insect order Hymenoptera, to which wasps belong, do not have stingers. These Male Wasps Use Genital Spines to Scare Off Attackers 2022-12-19T05:00:00Z Eiseman is working on a guide to the larvae of sawflies — the most primitive group of Hymenoptera, the relatives of ants, bees and wasps. Those weird marks on your leaves? Here’s how to decipher them 2022-11-02T04:00:00Z In Dr. Zhang’s opinion, entomologists often focus on bees and ants — the flashiest insects in the order Hymenoptera — while neglecting tiny parasitoid wasps. A Parasitic Wasp Unmasked: One Species Is Actually 16 Species 2022-02-17T05:00:00Z He'll publish the new finding later this month in the Journal of Hymenoptera Research. Scientists spent years on a plan to import this wasp to kill stinkbugs. Then it showed up on its own 2018-08-09T04:00:00Z When Hamilton presented his rule, he demonstrated its cogency by showing that it predicted the behavior of the ants, bees and wasps of the Hymenoptera order, which were primed for eusociality by their strange genetics. The Elusive Calculus of Insect Altruism 2018-04-26T04:00:00Z The presence of worker characteristics in these insects is evidence of the existence of social Hymenoptera as far back as about 100 million years. 50 & 100 years ago 2018-03-12T04:00:00Z By trade, he is an entomologist, an expert on the Hymenoptera order — wasps, bees and ants — but his interest in this insect ritual was not merely academic. The Connoisseur of Pain 2016-08-18T04:00:00Z Yet termites evolved their social structure independently from ants and bees, which belong to an order known as Hymenoptera. Termite Genome Reveals Details of "Caste System" 2014-05-20T04:00:00Z With the eusocial Hymenoptera, not only do individuals sacrifice themselves for the group, the vast majority of colony members have given up reproduction altogether. The Good Fight 2012-07-09T16:15:00.200Z We would trace the Hymenoptera back therefore to the primitive endopterygote stock. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 13, Slice 4 "Hero" to "Hindu Chronology" 2012-04-04T02:00:56.447Z The Hymenoptera are terrestrial, there existing only a very few degraded, swimming forms. Directions for Collecting and Preserving Insects 2012-03-28T02:00:31.483Z Another great family of the Hymenoptera is that of the ichneumons; the females lay their eggs either in or on other insects, within the bodies of which the larvæ live. On the Origin and Metamorphoses of Insects 2011-12-05T03:00:46.667Z Of the Hymenoptera there are many which, in a perfect state, consume the juices of our choice fruits, as well as the pollen and honey of flowers. American Pomology Apples 2011-10-03T02:00:29.477Z As Wilson points out, there have been many studies demonstrating that multiple matings occur in queens among the eusocial Hymenoptera. The Good Fight 2012-07-09T16:15:00.200Z In some way it is assured among the highest of the Hexapoda—the Lepidoptera, Diptera and Hymenoptera—that the larva finds itself amid a rich food-supply. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 13, Slice 4 "Hero" to "Hindu Chronology" 2012-04-04T02:00:56.447Z Some special methods of collecting Hymenoptera may be briefly outlined. Directions for Collecting and Preserving Insects 2012-03-28T02:00:31.483Z From this point the metamorphoses of Platygaster do not appear to differ materially from those of other parasitic Hymenoptera. On the Origin and Metamorphoses of Insects 2011-12-05T03:00:46.667Z Of Hymenoptera; several bees, especially at Killulloo, one of which, marked with light brown segments on the abdomen and bearing a long sting, was exceedingly annoying. The Highlands of Ethiopia 2011-02-25T03:01:07.193Z However, the real breakthrough was when this equation was applied to the unique reproductive system of the eusocial Hymenoptera, what biologists refer to as haplodiploidy. The Good Fight 2012-07-09T16:15:00.200Z In some parasitic Hymenoptera there is only a single embryonic membrane formed by delamination from the blastoderm, while in a few insects, including the wingless spring-tails, the embryonic membranes are vestigial or entirely wanting. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 13, Slice 4 "Hero" to "Hindu Chronology" 2012-04-04T02:00:56.447Z The three more important orders, namely, the Hymenoptera, Coleoptera, and Lepidoptera, remain substantially the same in all classifications, and so with the three orders next in importance—the Hemiptera, Diptera, and Orthoptera. Directions for Collecting and Preserving Insects 2012-03-28T02:00:31.483Z Moreover, well-characterized Orthoptera and Neuroptera occur as early as the Devonian strata; Coleoptera and Hemiptera in the Coal-measures; Hymenoptera and Diptera in the Jurassic; Lepidoptera, on the contrary, not until the Tertiary. On the Origin and Metamorphoses of Insects 2011-12-05T03:00:46.667Z Another group of Hymenoptera occasionally causes much harm in fir plantations, namely, the Siricidae or wood-wasps, whose larvae burrow into the trunks of the trees and thus kill them. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 8, Slice 10 "Echinoderma" to "Edward" 2011-01-19T03:00:19.027Z However, the primary reason for his change is the very reason he adopted kin selection in the first place: the haplodiploidy reproductive system of the eusocial Hymenoptera. The Good Fight 2012-07-09T16:15:00.200Z This has been found to be the case in insects so widely different as Orthoptera and Aculeate Hymenoptera. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 13, Slice 4 "Hero" to "Hindu Chronology" 2012-04-04T02:00:56.447Z E. T. Cresson.—Synopsis of the Families and Genera of the Hymenoptera of America, north of Mexico, together with a Catalogue of the described Species and Bibliography. Directions for Collecting and Preserving Insects 2012-03-28T02:00:31.483Z The species belonging to the order Hymenoptera are among the most interesting of insects. On the Origin and Metamorphoses of Insects 2011-12-05T03:00:46.667Z The Hymenoptera are also numerous, but less so than the Lepidoptera, with which the mountain slopes and sunny, open spaces seem to be literally covered. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 8, Slice 10 "Echinoderma" to "Edward" 2011-01-19T03:00:19.027Z V. Hymenoptera, or Thin-winged Insects, with four naked membranous wings; some species, however, being wingless. Lives of Eminent Zoologists, from Aristotle to Linnæus with Introductory remarks on the Study of Natural History In Tertiary times the higher Diptera, besides Lepidoptera and Hymenoptera, referable to existing families, become fairly abundant. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 13, Slice 4 "Hero" to "Hindu Chronology" 2012-04-04T02:00:56.447Z The Folding-box.—The use of folding-boxes for the working collector is to be especially recommended in the case of those orders comprising small insects like Coleoptera, Hymenoptera, etc. Directions for Collecting and Preserving Insects 2012-03-28T02:00:31.483Z The species of Hymenoptera are very numerous; in this country alone there are about 3,000 kinds, most of which are very small. On the Origin and Metamorphoses of Insects 2011-12-05T03:00:46.667Z The winged Hymenoptera dashed by with the sharp, quick wingstroke of their kind, or hung humming above the flowers. Old Farm Fairies: A Summer Campaign In Brownieland Against King Cobweaver's Pixies Ants as an item of food are third in importance, though if other Hymenoptera were included the order would rank next to beetles. Food Habits of the Thrushes of the United States USDA Bulletin 280 The affinities of the Hymenoptera afford another problem of much difficulty. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 13, Slice 4 "Hero" to "Hindu Chronology" 2012-04-04T02:00:56.447Z All the more delicate insects, including Hymenoptera, Diptera, the smaller Lepidoptera, and the Neuroptera, require special care in killing. Directions for Collecting and Preserving Insects 2012-03-28T02:00:31.483Z But of all the Hymenoptera, the group containing the ant, the bee, and the wasp is the most interesting. On the Origin and Metamorphoses of Insects 2011-12-05T03:00:46.667Z The object of this little book is to give in as simple a form as possible a short account of some of the British Wild Bees, Wasps, Ants, etc., scientifically known as the Hymenoptera Aculeata. Wild Bees, Wasps and Ants and Other Stinging Insects Hymenoptera are a standard diet with flycatchers and would seem to be the natural food of any bird that feeds upon the wing. Food Habits of the Thrushes of the United States USDA Bulletin 280 Its recognition is implied in a number of insect names with the termination -formis, usually given to species of various orders which more or less closely resemble the stinging Hymenoptera. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 6, Slice 6 "Cockaigne" to "Columbus, Christopher" A quantity of Hymenoptera are collected from flowers and driven to the bottom of the net, and secured as in the preceding method. Directions for Collecting and Preserving Insects 2012-03-28T02:00:31.483Z Thus the same tree may harbour larvæ of Diptera, Hymenoptera, Coleoptera, and Lepidoptera; each presenting the form typical of the family to which it belongs. On the Origin and Metamorphoses of Insects 2011-12-05T03:00:46.667Z I think I ought here to say why I propose to limit myself to an account of a certain portion only of the Hymenoptera. Wild Bees, Wasps and Ants and Other Stinging Insects Hymenoptera in general, including ants, bees, and wasps, are the second largest item of insect food. Food Habits of the Thrushes of the United States USDA Bulletin 280 Although this fly belongs to the order Hymenoptera, it can be used when many of the Diptera order are on the water, such as Cowdung, Blue bottle, Bee, etc. How to Tie Flies The method of mounting minute Hymenoptera and Diptera and other insects on a bent wire, mentioned above, is illustrated at Figure 94. Directions for Collecting and Preserving Insects 2012-03-28T02:00:31.483Z There is, however, a group of minute Hymenoptera, the larvæ of which reside within the eggs or larvæ of other insects. On the Origin and Metamorphoses of Insects 2011-12-05T03:00:46.667Z The wasp tribe are, so far as I know, the only stinging Hymenoptera which have this power. Wild Bees, Wasps and Ants and Other Stinging Insects These great corpses cannot be dragged out by the Hymenoptera, and their putrefaction threatens to cause disease. The Industries of Animals No, Master Sunbeam; the ants are relations of the bees, and, consequently, belong to the order of Hymenoptera. Adventures of a Young Naturalist They are at once distinguished from the other Hymenoptera by the larvæ having true legs, which, however, in the case of the Horn-tails, are very small and exarticulate. Directions for Collecting and Preserving Insects 2012-03-28T02:00:31.483Z It is a member of the group of membranous-winged insects known to naturalists as Hymenoptera, an order which includes all the elaborate societies of the class except the colonies of white ants. Domesticated Animals Their Relation to Man and to his Advancement in Civilization At present, however, they are placed, except by a few systematists, in quite distinct families of the Hymenoptera. Wild Bees, Wasps and Ants and Other Stinging Insects Others built up before the opening a series of parallel walls, leaving between them a zigzag corridor through which the Hymenoptera themselves were able to enter. The Industries of Animals Basal area: in wings: that space nearest the point where they are attached to the body: on the metanotum of Hymenoptera, the anterior of the three median cells or areas = 1st median area. Explanation of Terms Used in Entomology Parasitic and saprophytic forms may also readily be obtained by breeding, the former as in the case of the parasitic Hymenoptera, and the latter from decaying vegetable matter and fungi. Directions for Collecting and Preserving Insects 2012-03-28T02:00:31.483Z The Coleoptera, the Diptera, or the Hymenoptera, on the other hand, present far greater and more essential variations. Contributions to the Theory of Natural Selection A Series of Essays The Bees and the other stinging groups have four wings like all the Hymenoptera. Wild Bees, Wasps and Ants and Other Stinging Insects These acts are not the result of a stupid instinct which the Hymenoptera obey without understanding. The Industries of Animals Basal transverse carina: on the metanotum of Hymenoptera, crosses before middle and separates the anterior from the median areas. Explanation of Terms Used in Entomology It will frequently be advisable, also, especially in the collection of Diptera, Hymenoptera, and other delicate insects, to put a strip of blotting paper partially round the inner side of the bottle. Directions for Collecting and Preserving Insects 2012-03-28T02:00:31.483Z To-day I find him dried and ready for the insect-pin and the cabinet on the window-sill beneath the web, which affords at all times its liberal entomological assortment—Coleoptera, Hymenoptera, Diptera, and Lepidoptera. My Studio Neighbors Others of the social Hymenoptera—for instance, bees and wasps—remember kindred. The Dawn of Reason or, Mental Traits in the Lower Animals These Hymenoptera possess no organ specially adapted to aid them; it is with their saliva that they glue this dust together and make of it a substance very suitable for its purpose. The Industries of Animals Brachial veins: of primaries in Hymenoptera, originate at base, run parallel to inner edge toward anal angle; often connected with the cubital cellules by means of recurrent venules. Explanation of Terms Used in Entomology Many of the Lepidoptera will be ruined by the beetles and other insects or by their own ineffectual attempts to escape, but Coleoptera, Hymenoptera, Neuroptera, and Hemiptera are secured in satisfactory condition. Directions for Collecting and Preserving Insects 2012-03-28T02:00:31.483Z This Collection of Hymenoptera is the most important contribution which has been made to the Aculeata through the exertions of Mr. Wallace; in point of geographical distribution, it adds much to our knowledge. Journal of the Proceedings of the Linnean Society - Vol. 3 Zoology All experiments with the Hymenoptera amid changed surroundings indicate an intelligent adaptation of themselves to such environment. The Dawn of Reason or, Mental Traits in the Lower Animals It would appear that certain Hymenoptera, fearing to kill their victim with the sting, and not knowing the art of skilful lesions, attempt to immobilise them by wounds of another sort. The Industries of Animals Cenchrus -rib: minute, often white marks, or membranous spaces on the metanotum of some Hymenoptera. Explanation of Terms Used in Entomology A quantity of Coleoptera, Orthoptera, Hymenoptera, and of Hemiptera, etc., afford examples; the habits of these animals do not require them to make use of their wings. Lamarck, the Founder of Evolution His Life and Work Other carnivorous larvæ—at least in the series of the Hymenoptera—must share it. Social Life in the Insect World The common ants and their neighbors belong to the order of insects known as the Hymenoptera, a group represented by other insects of “social” habits, such as bees, wasps, and hornets. A Book of Natural History Young Folks' Library Volume XIV. It was formerly believed that these industrious Hymenoptera are not accustomed to store up in barns for the winter. The Industries of Animals Diplopteryga: Hymenoptera; wasps in which the wings are longitudinally folded when at rest. Explanation of Terms Used in Entomology The feeble legless grub, characteristic of the remaining families of the Hymenoptera, is provided for in a well-nigh endless variety of ways. The Life-Story of Insects It is a curious thing that the Hymenoptera, the most skilful of all industrial insects, know nothing of paternal labour. Social Life in the Insect World The most specialised order, Lepidoptera, is the most recent, only dating back to the Oolite; the Hymenoptera, Diptera, and Homoptera go as far as the Lias; while the Orthoptera and Neuroptera extend to the Trias. Darwinism (1889) Like all harvesters, these Hymenoptera are at the mercy of a shower that may fall during the harvest. The Industries of Animals External area: Hymenoptera; the upper of the three cells or areas of the metanotum, between the median and lateral longitudinal carina, first lateral basal area. Explanation of Terms Used in Entomology Among the Hymenoptera this is indeed the predominant larval type. The Life-Story of Insects To encounter among the Hymenoptera, those ardent lovers of flowers, a species which goes a-hunting on its own account is, to say the least of it, astonishing. Social Life in the Insect World The orders Orthoptera and Hemiptera are particularly numerous; as likewise is the stinging division of the Hymenoptera the bees, perhaps, being excepted. The Voyage of the Beagle Thanks to his keenness of scent he soon discovers an ant-path bearing the special and characteristic odour which these Hymenoptera leave behind them, and he follows the track which leads to their nest. The Industries of Animals External median area: Hymenoptera; the median of the three cells or areas between the median and lateral longitudinal carinae: = second lateral area. Explanation of Terms Used in Entomology We have just seen that a caterpillar is the usual form of larva among the saw-flies, but in all other families of the Hymenoptera we find the legless grub. The Life-Story of Insects I recommend the experiment to whomsoever would witness the perfection with which the predatory Hymenoptera use their stings. Social Life in the Insect World Even in the upper and damp region I procured very few, excepting some minute Diptera and Hymenoptera, mostly of common mundane forms. The Voyage of the Beagle Among Hymenoptera the lazy profess the theory that pollen belongs to all bees, and that stored-up honey does not constitute private property. The Industries of Animals Grub: an insect larva: a term loosely applied, but more specifically to larvae of Coleopteran and Hymenoptera. Explanation of Terms Used in Entomology A free pupa is characteristic of the Coleoptera, Neuroptera, Trichoptera, Hymenoptera and many Diptera. The Life-Story of Insects They are most commonly caused by small Hymenoptera and Diptera which puncture the bark and lay their eggs in the wounds. The Gutenberg Webster's Unabridged Dictionary Section F, G and H Do the very numerous spiders and rapacious Hymenoptera supply the place of the carnivorous beetles? The Voyage of the Beagle To arrive at these ends these clever Hymenoptera employ cunning, and endeavour to pose as workers. The Industries of Animals Spiracular area: the anterior of the three areas between lateral and pleural carinae on the metanotum of some Hymenoptera: =first pleural area. Explanation of Terms Used in Entomology Rocks of Triassic age have yielded beetles and lacewing-flies, while from among Jurassic fossils specimens have been described as representing most of our existing orders, including Lepidoptera, Hymenoptera and Diptera. The Life-Story of Insects With the exception of Hymenoptera there is no group of insects that interfere in so many ways in good and evil with our own interests, as that group of Homoptera called Coccidæ. Scientific American Supplement, No. 286, June 25, 1881 The Lepidoptera, the Coleoptera, the Neuroptera, the Hymenoptera no doubt occasion, in some of their forms at least, much damage to our crops. Scientific American Supplement, No. 303, October 22, 1881 We are not such snobs as to think better or worse of a bee because it can claim kinship with the Hymenoptera family, nor so ill-bred as to chaff it for having large feet. Uneasy Money Internal area: in Hymenoptera; the posterior of the three areas between median and lateral longitudinal carina on the metanotum third lateral area. Explanation of Terms Used in Entomology The Neuroptera and Coleoptera among which campodeiform larvae are common, are less specialised than Lepidoptera, Hymenoptera, and Diptera, in which they are unknown. The Life-Story of Insects The absence of uniformity of habit at the present day in an order so small when compared with the Coleoptera, Hymenoptera, etc. Facts and Arguments for Darwin The Hymenoptera and the Mammalia both make their first appearance early in the secondary period, and it is not until the commencement of the tertiary epoch that ants and monkeys appear upon the scene. The Naturalist in Nicaragua These consisted chiefly of Diptera, with some Hymenoptera, Homoptera, Coleoptera, and a moth. Insectivorous Plants Tubercula: an elevated triangular process at the anterior angle of the thorax specifically in Hymenoptera. Explanation of Terms Used in Entomology The Umbelliferae are proterandrous, and can hardly fail to be cross-fertilised by the many flies and small Hymenoptera which visit the flowers. Effects of Cross and Self Fertilisation in the Vegetable Kingdom By virtue of this characteristic and others no less important, she belongs to the order of Hymenoptera. The Wonders of Instinct Chapters in the Psychology of Insects Wasps and bees come next to ants, and then others of the Hymenoptera. The Naturalist in Nicaragua For him the Buprestes were dead, and their state of preservation was explained simply as a kind of embalming, due to some special action of the venom of the Hymenoptera. Fabre, Poet of Science Tubulifera: Hymenoptera, in which the terminal segments of abdomen are retracted, but may be extended, tube-like: Thysanoptera in which there is no ovipositor and the terminal segments of abdomen are tubular. Explanation of Terms Used in Entomology Even at a somewhat later period the more specialised orders of the Hymenoptera, Lepidoptera, and Diptera, which are now chiefly concerned with the transport of pollen, did not exist. Effects of Cross and Self Fertilisation in the Vegetable Kingdom Both Hymenoptera accumulate caterpillars in their coffers, whether domes or jars. The Wonders of Instinct Chapters in the Psychology of Insects This supplies a partial explanation of the twofold diet of the Hymenoptera with carnivorous larvae: meat first, honey next. More Hunting Wasps These bramble-stumps, sheltered and protected by the thorny brushwood, are in great demand among a host of Hymenoptera who have families to settle. Bramble-Bees and Others Anthophila: Hymenoptera; species in which the basal joint of the hind tarsus is dilated and pubescent; the bees. Explanation of Terms Used in Entomology Here, of a surety, is a Hymenopteron deprived of that sense of direction which other Hymenoptera enjoy. The Mason-Bees They are predatory Hymenoptera, victualling their grubs with caterpillars. The Wonders of Instinct Chapters in the Psychology of Insects The other carnivorous larvae, at least in the order of the Hymenoptera, are bound to share it. More Hunting Wasps Do we find a similar organ in the other Hymenoptera, whether honey-gatherers or hunters? Bramble-Bees and Others Apical transverse carina: Hymenoptera; crosses the metanotum behind middle and separates the median from the posterior cells or areas. Explanation of Terms Used in Entomology In the present case, the distance no longer exists: we have to do with two insects very near akin, two Hymenoptera. The Mason-Bees "On two Aquatic Hymenoptera, one of which uses its Wings in Swimming." More Letters of Charles Darwin — Volume 1 The Hymenoptera alone amounted to more than nine hundred species, among which were two hundred and eighty different kinds of ants, of which two hundred were new. The Malay Archipelago, the land of the orang-utan and the bird of paradise; a narrative of travel, with studies of man and nature — Volume 1 Scattered also here and there among the monuments of antiquity are heaps of refuse, accumulations of broken stones in which various Hymenoptera, including the Three-horned Osmia in particular, take possession of the dead Snail-shell. Bramble-Bees and Others Appendiculate cell: Hymenoptera; is on costa just beyond 2d radius 1 and 2. Explanation of Terms Used in Entomology The Mason-bee is a housekeeper of scrupulous cleanliness, as indeed are all the Hymenoptera. The Mason-Bees This insect belongs to the order "Hymenoptera," and is of the Ichneumon tribe, being a variety of upward of four hundred species of that interesting fly. Eight Years' Wanderings in Ceylon The Fossorial Hymenoptera are a group of Wasp-like Insects, which burrow in sandy soil to make nests for their young. The Origin of Species by means of Natural Selection, 6th Edition Certain hunting Hymenoptera, the Bembex-wasps, for instance, are accustomed to furnish the provisions in instalments: so that the grub may have fresh though dead game, they fill the platter each day. Bramble-Bees and Others Costal membrane: Hymenoptera; the surface of wing in front of costal vein. Explanation of Terms Used in Entomology It is a hairless, legless, sightless grub, easily confused, by inexperienced eyes, with those of various honey-gathering Hymenoptera. The Mason-Bees Poison glands: sometimes applied to the salivary glands of bugs and biting flies; more usually to an abdominal gland connected with the sting of female Hymenoptera. Explanation of Terms Used in Entomology Post-annellus: in Hymenoptera, the 4th joint of antenna and 2d of flagellum. Explanation of Terms Used in Entomology It is a rule among the Hymenoptera for the males never to take part in the fatiguing work of nest-building. Bramble-Bees and Others Cuneus: Hymenoptera; the small triangular area at the end of the embolium of hemelytra: Odonata, the small triangle of the vertex between the compound eyes. Explanation of Terms Used in Entomology Let us turn to other Hymenoptera for information. The Mason-Bees Propodeum: in Hymenoptera, that part of thorax just above insertion of abdomen, and really the first abdominal segment: see median segment. Explanation of Terms Used in Entomology Scape: the long basal joint of a geniculate antenna in Coleoptera; usually applied to the three basal joints, as in Hymenoptera. Explanation of Terms Used in Entomology Scopa: a brush: a covering of short, stiff hair of equal length: in Hymenoptera, the thick hair covering the posterior tibia of pollen- gathering forms. Explanation of Terms Used in Entomology Dufour's gland: that gland, in Hymenoptera, that secretes the alkaline portion of the poison carried by the sting. Explanation of Terms Used in Entomology Scopula: a small, dense tuft of hair: the bristles or stiff hairs covering the inner side of basal joint on the tarsi of pollen-gathering Hymenoptera. Explanation of Terms Used in Entomology Supra-alar groove: in Hymenoptera, a groove or depression just above the base of wings: in Diptera, a groove on the meso-thorax just above the root of the wings. Explanation of Terms Used in Entomology Aculeate: prickly; armed with short, sharp spines; specifically, in Hymenoptera furnished with a sting which is a modified ovipositor and connected with a poison sac. Explanation of Terms Used in Entomology Areola: a small cell on the wings of certain Hemiptera: see also areae Hymenoptera; the central of three median areas on the metanotum: = 2d median area; upper median area. Explanation of Terms Used in Entomology Hymenoptera: membrane-winged: an ordinal term applied to insects with four membranous wings with few veins, the anterior usually larger than the posterior; mouth mandibulate; head free; thorax agglutinate, transformations complete. Explanation of Terms Used in Entomology Collum: the neck or collar: the slender connection between head and thorax in Hymenoptera and Diptera; in Coleoptera, the posterior, narrow part of the head or even the thorax: loosely used. Explanation of Terms Used in Entomology Flocculus -i: a hairy or bristly appendage on the posterior coxa of some Hymenoptera. Explanation of Terms Used in Entomology Gathering hairs: the soft, flattened, often hooked hairs on the tongue of bees and other Hymenoptera; = hooked hairs. Explanation of Terms Used in Entomology Pleural areas: on the metanotum of some Hymenoptera, the three spaces between the lateral and pleural carinae; the 1st or anterior = spiracular area; the 2d or central = middle pleural; the 3d or posterior = angular area. Explanation of Terms Used in Entomology Lateral longitudinal area: of Hymenoptera, extends between the median and pleural carinae of metanotum. Explanation of Terms Used in Entomology Pleural carinae: in Hymenoptera, extend along the exterior margin of the metanotum. Explanation of Terms Used in Entomology Vexhillum: in Hymenoptera, an expansion on the tip of tarsi of certain fossorial groups. Explanation of Terms Used in Entomology Vibratile: formed for vibratory motion: used to express the almost continual movement of the antennae of some Hymenoptera, and the wings of some Diptera. Explanation of Terms Used in Entomology Alitrunk: that part of the thorax to which the wings are attached: in many Hymenoptera, includes the 1st abdominal segment. Explanation of Terms Used in Entomology Lobulus: the partly separated portion of the wings of some flies and of secondaries in some Hymenoptera: also used as = alula; q.v. Explanation of Terms Used in Entomology Fulcrum: the chitinous envelope at the base of mouth in Diptera and Hymenoptera, covering the beginning of the oesophagus: any structure that serves as a support to another.. Explanation of Terms Used in Entomology Funiculus: the main tendon of abdomen: in Hymenoptera a slender ligament connecting the propodeum to petiole on its dorsal aspect. Explanation of Terms Used in Entomology Gales: the outer lobe of the maxilla, usually two-jointed, often hood-like, subject to great modifications in Hymenoptera and Diptera, and forms the coiled tongue in Lepidoptera. Explanation of Terms Used in Entomology Lunulae: in Hymenoptera, crescent-shaped marks near the orbits. Explanation of Terms Used in Entomology Middle pleural area: in Hymenoptera; the median of the three areas between lateral and pleural carinae: = 2d pleural area. Explanation of Terms Used in Entomology Median longitudinal carinae: on the metanotum of Hymenoptera, extend one on each side of the middle. Explanation of Terms Used in Entomology Median plate: in Hymenoptera := sessiliventres, is the dorsal plate connecting the thorax and abdomen. Explanation of Terms Used in Entomology Penicilli: a pair of small style or cerci-like pieces on the tip of the 8th dorsal segment of abdomen of various male Hymenoptera. Explanation of Terms Used in Entomology Planta -ae: the basal joint of the posterior tarsus in pollen gathering Hymenoptera: the soles of the posterior tarsal joints: the anal clasping legs of caterpillars. Explanation of Terms Used in Entomology Petiole: a stem or stalk: specifically the slender segment between the thorax and abdomen in many Hymenoptera, and some Diptera. Explanation of Terms Used in Entomology Pupivorous: feeding upon pupa: especially applied to those Hymenoptera that are parasitic upon insects in the pupal stage. Explanation of Terms Used in Entomology |
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