| 单词 | hydrofluoric acid |
| 例句 | Seaborg’s microchemists used hydrofluoric acid to reduce a solution made from the bombardment products and watched a minuscule quantity of pinkish material precipitate out: this was pure plutonium-239. Big Science 2015-07-07T00:00:00Z Small quantities of hydrochloric acid and hydrofluoric acid are also present. Cosmos 1980-01-01T00:00:00Z The manufacturer says that it “does not contain any bleach, abrasives, caustic, muriatic or hydrofluoric acids or petroleum distillates, making it a user- and environmentally friendly cleaning product.” How to remove paint residue from bricks 2016-02-19T05:00:00Z "For all the paranoia among some of my colleagues about hydrofluoric acid inside of eggs, I never found any," Kaszeta wrote. Why the humble milkshake has cops shook 2020-06-23T04:00:00Z One result is the fluorspar district of southern Illinois, which once produced a majority of the country’s fluorite—used to smelt steel and create hydrofluoric acid. Major U.S. geological survey aims to uncover minerals critical for batteries and microchips 2023-06-01T04:00:00Z The 2018 explosion and subsequent fires at the facility then-owned by Calgary-based Husky Energy in Superior also produced fears of a hydrofluoric acid leak, causing 2,500 people in the city to evacuate. Wisconsin’s only oil refinery to reopen after 2018 explosion 2023-04-26T04:00:00Z Write an equation for the reaction of solid silicon dioxide with hydrofluoric acid to yield gaseous silicon tetrafluoride and liquid water. Chemistry 2019-02-14T00:00:00Z Nobody was killed, but 3,271 pounds of highly toxic hydrofluoric acid leaked into the community. Oil refineries are making a windfall. Why do they keep closing? 2022-06-20T04:00:00Z In a report last October, the Chemical Safety and Hazard Investigation Board noted that the P.E.S. explosion released more than 5,000 pounds of hydrofluoric acid. Pollution Is Killing Black Americans. This Community Fought Back. 2020-07-28T04:00:00Z The violations stem from a 2016 investigation into Torrance Refinery, which found equipment designed to help contain an accidental release of toxic hydrofluoric acid remained broken for weeks, the Daily Breeze reported Monday. Feds fine California refinery $125,000 for safety violations 2020-01-14T05:00:00Z As the refinery prepares to restart, Cenovus implemented safety upgrades to the hydrofluoric acid unit, said Doreen Cole, the company’s senior vice president of downstream manufacturing. Wisconsin’s only oil refinery to reopen after 2018 explosion 2023-04-26T04:00:00Z For this reason, it is possible to store all common acids, other than hydrofluoric acid, in glass containers. Chemistry 2019-02-14T00:00:00Z If the hydrofluoric acid in that unit became a gas and got into the atmosphere, it would be harmful to humans. Official says refinery too unsafe for investigators to enter 2019-06-27T04:00:00Z Chemical Safety Board wants federal environmental regulators to re-examine a 1993 study on hydrofluoric acid after an explosion at a Superior oil refinery last year. Safety board urges updates to study after explosion 2019-04-25T04:00:00Z Citing a 73-page report her agency released Wednesday, Sutherland said the explosion posed a threat to the community because highly toxic hydrofluoric acid was on site. Agency cites Exxon Mobil's old equipment and procedures in Torrance explosion 2017-05-03T04:00:00Z Seven contract workers were taken to hospital after a hydrofluoric acid leak at Phillips 66's Ferndale, Washington, refinery on Friday, local media reported. Acid leak at Phillips 66 Ferndale refinery injures seven workers: media 2017-02-11T05:00:00Z The hydrofluoric acid solution was titrated, and 68.43 mL of 0.3172 M sodium hydroxide was required to reach the equivalence point. Chemistry 2019-02-14T00:00:00Z Seven workers were taken to St. Joseph hospital Friday night after toxic hydrofluoric acid was released from the Phillips 66 refinery. 7 hospitalized after acid leak at Ferndale-area refinery 2017-02-10T05:00:00Z About a third of the nation’s 150 refineries still use hydrofluoric acid to produce high octane gas. Safety board urges updates to study after explosion 2019-04-25T04:00:00Z In response to the agency’s report, Exxon Mobil said there is no evidence that the Feb. 18, 2015, explosion posed any risk to the unit that contains hydrofluoric acid or harm to the community. Agency cites Exxon Mobil's old equipment and procedures in Torrance explosion 2017-05-03T04:00:00Z The Torrance Fire Department said the 10-inch flare pipe that burned is “outside the boundary of the alkylation unit,” an area where modified hydrofluoric acid, a highly hazardous chemical, is used. Fire at Torrance refinery has little effect on gas prices but stirs safety fears 2016-11-17T05:00:00Z Boron trifluoride reacts with hydrofluoric acid, to yield a solution of fluoroboric acid, HBF4: Chemistry 2019-02-14T00:00:00Z According to industry sources, the purifying process, especially in China, is commonly done with acids, often hydrofluoric acid, a highly toxic substance. In your phone, in their air 2016-10-02T04:00:00Z An explosion at the Husky Energy refinery in Superior in April 2018 sent debris within 150 feet of the refinery’s hydrofluoric acid tank, forcing a large part of the city to evacuate. Safety board urges updates to study after explosion 2019-04-25T04:00:00Z It has up to 2.1 million pounds of toxic hydrofluoric acid, which tops the list of chemicals that advocates want industries to replace. Hazardous chemicals post secret threat to Texas neighbors 2016-05-12T04:00:00Z The tank contained tens of thousands of pounds of modified hydrofluoric acid. Fire at Torrance refinery has little effect on gas prices but stirs safety fears 2016-11-17T05:00:00Z It is possible to prepare silicon tetrafluoride by the reaction of silicon dioxide with hydrofluoric acid: Chemistry 2019-02-14T00:00:00Z He died within a few hours from pulmonary edema—fluid accumulation in the lungs—after inhaling hydrofluoric acid. The Trouble With That Noxious Haze At The Illinois Nuclear-Fuel Plant 2014-10-29T04:00:00Z The law requires oil companies to obtain permits for fracking as well as acidizing, the use of hydrofluoric acid and other chemicals to dissolve shale rock. Beverly Hills becomes first in California to ban fracking 2014-05-07T04:53:04Z The California law would require oil companies to obtain permits for fracking as well as acidizing, the use of hydrofluoric acid and other chemicals to dissolve shale rock. California law to regulate fracking signed by governor 2013-09-21T00:42:08Z Under the bill, passed by a vote of 47-17, companies would be required to obtain permits for fracking as well as acidizing, the use of hydrofluoric acid and other chemicals to dissolve shale rock. Bill to regulate fracking passes California state Assembly 2013-09-11T23:23:07Z A mild solution of hydrofluoric acid would dissolve the silicate and would not harm the diamond. Chemistry 2019-02-14T00:00:00Z "Taking hydrofluoric acid and injecting it into the ground and changing the geology down there is a big concern," she said, especially if the acid was to migrate underground. Insight: California environmentalists fear frack fight a distraction 2013-05-28T12:54:25Z At the edges of arable fields, red placards waved in the breeze: “Contaminated by the hydrofluoric acid leak,” they warned. Alert over South Korea toxic leaks 2013-02-06T18:20:49.877Z The 8 October announcement came nearly 2 weeks after an explosion at the Hube Globe chemical plant released some 8 tonnes of hydrofluoric acid. Seven days: 5–11 October 2012 2012-10-10T17:20:58.217Z A french scientist has found that inhalation of air containing a small amount of hydrofluoric acid gas has a remarkably good effect on consumption. Health, Happiness, and Longevity Health without medicine: happiness without money: the result, longevity 2012-03-22T02:00:38.537Z It colours a flame yellow, through the presence of sodium, and when heated with sulphuric acid it evolves hydrofluoric acid. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 7, Slice 7 "Crocoite" to "Cuba" 2012-01-22T03:00:24.397Z In the “etching” process the surface of the glass is etched by the chemical action of hydrofluoric acid, the parts which are not to be attacked being covered with a resinous paint. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 12, Slice 1 "Gichtel, Johann" to "Glory" 2012-01-11T03:00:20.463Z On 15 January, about 2,500 litres of hydrofluoric acid escaped at a factory in Cheongju, injuring one person. Alert over South Korea toxic leaks 2013-02-06T18:20:49.877Z He has also sent me a photographic print made from a piece of glass which had been exposed to the vapour of hydrofluoric acid, after having been touched by a greasy hand. Finger Prints 2011-08-07T02:00:07.827Z With ordinary dry-plates the method usually recommended is to immerse them in dilute hydrofluoric acid. Photogravure 2011-06-19T02:00:24.663Z Silver is likewise refined in a silver nitrate bath, iron by the electrolysis of sulphate or chloride solution, and lead in a solution of lead fluosilicate containing free hydrofluoric acid. The New Gresham Encyclopedia Volume 4, Part 2: Ebert to Estremadura 2011-04-14T02:00:56.200Z The surface of the glass had usually been treated with hydrofluoric acid so as to have a satin-like gloss. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 12, Slice 1 "Gichtel, Johann" to "Glory" 2012-01-11T03:00:20.463Z White tells an immature associate to purchase a specific kind of plastic bin, the only kind that will hold hydrofluoric acid safely. Killer Entertainment 2011-04-06T12:15:00.267Z At 200� C. this salt decomposes, giving off hydrofluoric acid, and between 230-250� C. fluorine is liberated. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 10, Slice 5 "Fleury, Claude" to "Foraker" 2011-04-03T02:00:20.883Z A thin film of gelatine is moistened in a dilute solution of hydrofluoric acid, one part of acid to sixty of water. Photogravure 2011-06-19T02:00:24.663Z Nickl�s of Nancy, and Louyet of Brussels, lost their lives, and two other chemists were seriously injured in health by exposure to the excessively dangerous fumes of hydrofluoric acid. The Scientific Basis of National Progress Including that of Morality 2010-12-30T03:00:25.567Z If it behaves like the other forms of anhydrous silica it will withstand the action of all acids except hydrofluoric acid. The Methods of Glass Blowing and of Working Silica in the Oxy-Gas Flame For the use of chemical and physical students White’s young charge disregards his instructions and simply pours two large containers of hydrofluoric acid into a bathtub. Killer Entertainment 2011-04-06T12:15:00.267Z It was first isolated by H. Moissan in 1886 by the electrolysis of pure anhydrous hydrofluoric acid containing dissolved potassium fluoride. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 10, Slice 5 "Fleury, Claude" to "Foraker" 2011-04-03T02:00:20.883Z A few drops of hydrofluoric acid are added to the water, and the dish gently rocked. Photogravure 2011-06-19T02:00:24.663Z The dark product obtained is washed with water, hydrochloric acid and hydrofluoric acid, and finally calcined again with the oxide or with borax, being protected from air during the operation by a layer of charcoal. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 4, Slice 3 "Borgia, Lucrezia" to "Bradford, John" Expose the tube to the fumes of hydrofluoric acid generated from a mixture of powdered fluor-spar and strong sulphuric acid, in a leaden trough. The Methods of Glass Blowing and of Working Silica in the Oxy-Gas Flame For the use of chemical and physical students Among these are, the writing diamond, the carborundum or abrasive pencil, the cutting-wheel, and etching by means of hydrofluoric acid. A Handbook of Laboratory Glass-Blowing It is used as a source of hydrofluoric acid, which it evolves when heated with sulphuric acid. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 10, Slice 5 "Fleury, Claude" to "Foraker" 2011-04-03T02:00:20.883Z Even aqua regia and hydrofluoric acid couldn't touch it. Tillie Cupric fluoride, CuF2, is obtained by dissolving cupric oxide in hydrofluoric acid. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 7, Slice 3 "Convention" to "Copyright" The salt separates from solutions containing hydrofluoric acid in large plates, which are greenish yellow in colour. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 6, Slice 6 "Cockaigne" to "Columbus, Christopher" When cold, the marking is made through the paraffin wax by means of a needle point, and the object is then exposed to the action of hydrofluoric acid. A Handbook of Laboratory Glass-Blowing The salts of hydrofluoric acid are known as fluorides and are easily obtained by the action of the acid on metals or their oxides, hydroxides or carbonates. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 10, Slice 5 "Fleury, Claude" to "Foraker" 2011-04-03T02:00:20.883Z Cobalt fluoride, CoF2�2H2O, is formed when cobalt carbonate is evaporated with an excess of aqueous hydrofluoric acid, separating in rose-red crystalline crusts. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 6, Slice 5 "Clervaux" to "Cockade" The fluoride, CrF3, results on passing hydrofluoric acid over the heated chloride, and sublimes in needles. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 6, Slice 3 "Chitral" to "Cincinnati" There is one, called hydrofluoric acid, that will eat through glass and has to be kept in wax bottles; and all acids tend to eat or corrode metals. Common Science Some maintained that they were dissolved in vats of hydrofluoric acid. In the Control Tower The emery and excess of hydrofluoric acid may then be thrown into a large beaker of clean water and washed several times. On Laboratory Arts For deep etching, hydrofluoric acid is diluted with 1½ vols. of water and stored for twenty-four hours before use. Scientific American Supplement, No. 1157, March 5, 1898 It is used as the chief source of fluorine compounds, especially hydrofluoric acid. An Elementary Study of Chemistry This reaction could only take place on a planet receiving lots of ultra-violet because so much energy is needed to break up carbon tetrafluoride and hydrofluoric acid. Uller Uprising In German laboratories it is customary to dissolve out the mineral matter from white filtering paper by washing in dilute hydrochloric and hydrofluoric acids. Scientific American, Volume XXXVI., No. 8, February 24, 1877 A Weekly Journal of Practical Information, Art, Science, Mechanics, Chemistry, and Manufactures. Consequently time may be saved by stirring up the light-coloured mass with a little hydrofluoric acid in a platinum capsule; this dissolves the finely divided glass almost instantaneously. On Laboratory Arts The hydrogen-fluorine combination is what passes for combustion here: the result is hydrofluoric acid, the local equivalent of water. Ullr Uprising Wherever the hydrofluoric acid comes in contact with the glass it acts upon it, destroying its luster and making it opaque, so that the exposed design will be etched upon the clear glass. An Elementary Study of Chemistry Mixed with hydrochloric acid it may sometimes be used instead of hydrofluoric acid. A Text-book of Assaying: For the Use of Those Connected with Mines. It smells somewhat like hypochlorous acid, etches dry glass, and decomposes water, liberating ozone, and forming hydrofluoric acid. Scientific American Supplement, No. 633, February 18, 1888 Second, hydrofluoric acid will bite its way through glass. The Summons To obtain pure anhydrous hydrofluoric acid, we begin by preparing fluorhydrate of fluoride of potassium, taking all the precautions pointed out by M. Fremy. Scientific American Supplement, No. 561, October 2, 1886 The preparation of fluorine was finally accomplished by the French chemist Moissan by the electrolysis of hydrofluoric acid. An Elementary Study of Chemistry This is a white powder, which is insoluble in acids; even in hydrofluoric acid it is only slightly attacked. A Text-book of Assaying: For the Use of Those Connected with Mines. The portion insoluble in water is readily dissolved in hydrofluoric acid, and is converted into zircon potassium fluoride. Scientific American Supplement, No. 441, June 14, 1884. First, hydrofluoric acid when brought into contact with certain forms of explosive will create a fire. The Summons We have already remarked that it decomposes cold water, producing ozone and hydrofluoric acid. Scientific American Supplement, No. 561, October 2, 1886 How do we account for the fact that liquid hydrofluoric acid is not an electrolyte? An Elementary Study of Chemistry They may be dissolved in hydrofluoric acid either at once or after fusion with bisulphate of potash, and extraction with cold water. A Text-book of Assaying: For the Use of Those Connected with Mines. It is sometimes used to detect hydrofluoric acid, which changes its color to yellow. A System of Instruction in the Practical Use of the Blowpipe Being A Graduated Course Of Analysis For The Use Of Students And All Those Engaged In The Examination Of Metallic Combinations Make a glass tube of such thickness that it will take hydrofluoric acid four hours and a half to eat its way through. The Summons It is the same with gaseous hydrofluoric acid. Scientific American Supplement, No. 561, October 2, 1886 Acids, excepting hydrofluoric acid, have little action on it, and it requires the most energetic reducing agents to deprive it of oxygen. An Elementary Study of Chemistry After weighing it is treated with hydrofluoric acid and a little sulphuric, carefully evaporated and ignited strongly. A Text-book of Assaying: For the Use of Those Connected with Mines. When heated in the air it is oxidized into columbic acid, and is only soluble in hydrofluoric acid, yielding hydrogen. A System of Instruction in the Practical Use of the Blowpipe Being A Graduated Course Of Analysis For The Use Of Students And All Those Engaged In The Examination Of Metallic Combinations The use of hydrofluoric acid, even in small quantities to prevent fermentation, should not be allowed. Scientific American Supplement, No. 832, December 12, 1891 In a former memoir1 we showed that it was possible to decompose anhydrous hydrofluoric acid by the action of an electric current. Scientific American Supplement, No. 561, October 2, 1886 Hydro-fluoric acid and fluorides.—Solution of hydrofluoric acid did not appear to be decomposed under the influence of the electric current: it was the water which gave way apparently. Experimental Researches in Electricity, Volume 1 In larger amounts they are recognised by the property hydrofluoric acid has of etching glass. A Text-book of Assaying: For the Use of Those Connected with Mines. Brazil-wood paper is the most delicate test for hydrofluoric acid, which it tinges of a light yellow color. A System of Instruction in the Practical Use of the Blowpipe Being A Graduated Course Of Analysis For The Use Of Students And All Those Engaged In The Examination Of Metallic Combinations The amount of hydrofluoric acid employed in these earlier experiments was about fifteen grms., about six grms. of hydrogen potassium fluoride, HF.KF, being added in order to render it a conductor. Scientific American Supplement, No. 832, December 12, 1891 Up to the moment of introducing the hydrofluoric acid, the leading tubes are attached to drying tubes containing fused caustic potash. Scientific American Supplement, No. 561, October 2, 1886 The mark may be etched upon the flask by hydrofluoric acid, or by the use of an etching ink now commonly sold on the market. An Introductory Course of Quantitative Chemical Analysis With Explanatory Notes The two washed alumina precipitates are dried and placed in the platinum crucible containing the residue from silica after treatment with hydrofluoric acid. A Text-book of Assaying: For the Use of Those Connected with Mines. As hydrofluoric acid acts upon glass, this property may be used for its detection. A System of Instruction in the Practical Use of the Blowpipe Being A Graduated Course Of Analysis For The Use Of Students And All Those Engaged In The Examination Of Metallic Combinations To remove the last traces of hydrofluoric acid, advantage is taken of the fact that fused sodium fluoride combines with the free acid with great energy to form the double fluoride HF.NaF. Scientific American Supplement, No. 832, December 12, 1891 If the hydrofluoric acid contains a small quantity of water, either by accident or design, there is always disengaged at the positive pole ozone, which has no action on crystallized silicium. Scientific American Supplement, No. 561, October 2, 1886 When a constant weight has been obtained, pour into the crucible about 3 cc. of water, and then 3 cc. of hydrofluoric acid. An Introductory Course of Quantitative Chemical Analysis With Explanatory Notes The finely ground mineral mixed with dilute sulphuric acid is treated on a water bath with hydrofluoric acid. A Text-book of Assaying: For the Use of Those Connected with Mines. This element has a strong affinity for hydrogen, and, therefore, we find it frequently in the form of hydrofluoric acid. A System of Instruction in the Practical Use of the Blowpipe Being A Graduated Course Of Analysis For The Use Of Students And All Those Engaged In The Examination Of Metallic Combinations Moreover, the hydrofluoric acid is found to contain a small quantity of platinum fluoride in solution. Scientific American Supplement, No. 832, December 12, 1891 We have satisfied ourselves, by direct experiment, that a mixture of ozone and hydrofluoric acid produces none of the reactions described above. Scientific American Supplement, No. 561, October 2, 1886 The scale on the glass can be etched with hydrofluoric acid, or made with a little black paint. The Boy Mechanic: Volume 1 700 Things for Boys to Do The hydrogen gas, combining with the fluoride, "forms hydrofluoric acid, which is taken up by the iron and is thereby converted into fluoride of iron." Scientific American Supplement, No. 362, December 9, 1882 Phosphoric acid likewise colors Brazil paper yellow, but as this acid is not volatile at a heat sufficient to examine hydrofluoric acid, there can be no mistake. A System of Instruction in the Practical Use of the Blowpipe Being A Graduated Course Of Analysis For The Use Of Students And All Those Engaged In The Examination Of Metallic Combinations When the liquid contains water, or when hydrofluoric acid is a product of the reaction, cylinders of platinum or of fluorspar are employed. Scientific American Supplement, No. 832, December 12, 1891 Finally we may add that the hydrofluoric acid employed, as well as the hydrofluorate of fluoride, were absolutely free from chlorine. Scientific American Supplement, No. 561, October 2, 1886 One muddled away three or four days etching a millimetre scale with hydrofluoric acid on glass—to no earthly end that I could discover— and a week or so in making a needless barometer. Mankind in the Making If a man knows no Latin, he belongs to the vulgar, even though he be a great virtuoso on the electrical machine and have the base of hydrofluoric acid in his crucible. The Essays of Arthur Schopenhauer; The Art of Literature When hydrofluoric acid comes in contact with any silicious substance, hydrofluosilicic acid gas is always formed. A System of Instruction in the Practical Use of the Blowpipe Being A Graduated Course Of Analysis For The Use Of Students And All Those Engaged In The Examination Of Metallic Combinations It was shown in 1887 that fluorine decomposes water, forming hydrofluoric acid, and liberating oxygen in the form of ozone. Scientific American Supplement, No. 832, December 12, 1891 With absolutely anhydrous hydrofluoric acid the current will no longer pass. Scientific American Supplement, No. 561, October 2, 1886 Ammonia gas is decomposed by fluorine with formation of a yellow flame, forming hydrofluoric acid and liberating nitrogen. Scientific American Supplement, No. 832, December 12, 1891 Chloroform.—When chloroform is saturated with fluorine, and subsequently boiled, carbon tetrafluoride, hydrofluoric acid and chlorine are evolved. Scientific American Supplement, No. 832, December 12, 1891 Thus aqueous hydrofluoric acid is formed, which can be recognized by its smell being more suffocating than chlorine, and also by the etching produced by the condensation of vapor in the tube. A System of Instruction in the Practical Use of the Blowpipe Being A Graduated Course Of Analysis For The Use Of Students And All Those Engaged In The Examination Of Metallic Combinations Gaseous hydrobromic and hydriodic acids react with fluorine in a similar manner, with production of flame and formation of hydrofluoric acid. Scientific American Supplement, No. 832, December 12, 1891 |
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