| 单词 | homozygous |
| 例句 | There, between graphs of “Disease Specific Infant Mortality” and a description of “the homozygous state of Garrodian inborn errors,” was the photograph of Henrietta with her hands on her hips. The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks 2010-02-02T00:00:00Z Two are homozygous recessive and have white coat color. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z For the F2 generation of a monohybrid cross, the following three possible combinations of genotypes result: homozygous dominant, heterozygous, or homozygous recessive. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z In one quarter of their offspring, we would expect to observe individuals that are homozygous recessive for the nonfunctional allele. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z In incomplete dominance, the heterozygous phenotype lies somewhere between the two homozygous phenotypes. Miller & Levine Biology 2018-01-01T00:00:00Z This figure follows the possible combinations of alleles through two generations following a first-generation cross of homozygous dominant and homozygous recessive parents. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z Only 2 rabbits in the second generation produce offspring, and both of these are homozygous dominant. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z Because each parent is homozygous, the law of segregation indicates that the gametes for the wrinkled–green plant all are ry, and the gametes for the round–yellow plant are all RY. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z If the phenotype is observed, only the genotype of the homozygous recessive alleles can be known; the calculations provide an estimate of the remaining genotypes. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z In dominant disorders, like Huntington’s, a child needs to inherit only one mutated gene to develop the disease, so one homozygous parent, also a rarity, inevitably would pass on the disease to all embryos. Commission charts narrow path for editing human embryos 2020-09-03T04:00:00Z The heterozygous parent would have a 50 percent chance of passing the dominant allele for this disorder to his or her offspring, and the homozygous parent would always pass the normal allele. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z Only two individuals in the second generation reproduce, and by chance these individuals are homozygous dominant for brown coat color. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z From this data, can you tell if the parent plant is homozygous dominant or heterozygous? Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z Lamarck theorized that inbreeding would lead to higher proportions of homozygous recessive genotypes, potentially conferring recessive diseases onto offspring. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z People homozygous for 35delG mutations “do really well with cochlear implants,” says Richard Smith, an otolaryngologist and researcher at the University of Iowa in Iowa City. Embattled Russian scientist sharpens plans to create gene-edited babies 2019-10-21T04:00:00Z For an affected female, the inheritance pattern would be identical to that of an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern in which one parent is heterozygous and the other is homozygous for the normal gene. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z He later found that CCR5Δ32 homozygous humans who get infected with that virus are more susceptible to severe encephalitis and even death than other people. Did CRISPR help—or harm—the first-ever gene-edited babies? 2019-08-01T04:00:00Z The P plants that Mendel used in his experiments were each homozygous for the trait he was studying. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z The P1 plants that Mendel used in his experiments were each homozygous for the trait he was studying. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z If follow-up trials in monkeys work as well, the scientists will launch a trial in patients with homozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia, or HoFH. One-off injection may drastically reduce heart attack risk 2019-05-10T04:00:00Z In incomplete dominance, the offspring express a heterozygous phenotype that is intermediate between one parent’s homozygous dominant trait and the other parent’s homozygous recessive trait. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z In these cases, one parent is homozygous for a dominant disease or both parents are homozygous for a recessive disease. Adopt a moratorium on heritable genome editing 2019-03-12T04:00:00Z Diploid organisms that are homozygous for a gene have two identical alleles, one on each of their homologous chromosomes. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z Diploid organisms that are homozygous at a given gene, or locus, have two identical alleles for that gene on their homologous chromosomes. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Genetic experiments commonly need animals that are homozygous for a trait, meaning that they carry copies of the relevant gene on both their maternal and paternal chromosomes. Gene Drives Shown to Work in Female Mice 2019-01-28T05:00:00Z And in that sense, there’s more of a medical need than there is for β-thalassemia, for which there is an alternative, unless both parents are homozygous. ‘I feel an obligation to be balanced.’ Noted biologist comes to defense of gene editing babies 2018-11-28T05:00:00Z Timothy Ray Brown, an HIV-infected man who received a bone marrow transplant in 2007 from a donor who was homozygous for CCR5-δ32, became the only person ever cured of an HIV infection. Ethics aside, does the CRISPR baby experiment make scientific sense? 2018-11-28T05:00:00Z When true-breeding, or homozygous, individuals that differ for a certain trait are crossed, all of the offspring will be heterozygous for that trait. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z When he self-crossed the plants expressing green seeds, all of the offspring had green seeds, confirming that all green seeds had homozygous genotypes of yy. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z To create a mouse that is homozygous for just three mutations of interest, researchers might need to cross hundreds or even thousands of mice with single-chromosome mutations. Gene Drives Shown to Work in Female Mice 2019-01-28T05:00:00Z Although homozygous mutations with no PGD alternative would have been most desirable for gene correction, generating homozygous human embryos for research purposes is practically impossible. Correction of a pathogenic gene mutation in human embryos : Nature : Nature Research 2017-08-01T04:00:00Z There is no published paper to examine, but He says one of the implanted embryos was homozygous for the disrupted CCR5. Ethics aside, does the CRISPR baby experiment make scientific sense? 2018-11-28T05:00:00Z From this data, can you tell if the parent plant is homozygous dominant or heterozygous? Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z In a test cross, the dominant-expressing organism is crossed with an organism that is homozygous recessive for the same characteristic. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Genotype calls were generated for the 94 F2 genotypes by summing up read counts over a sliding window of 500 variants, at all variant positions for which the parents were homozygous and polymorphic. The genome of Chenopodium quinoa : Nature : Nature Research 2017-02-07T05:00:00Z When a subread contained no marker, it was classified as homozygous. De novo assembly and phasing of a Korean human genome : Nature : Nature Research 2016-10-04T04:00:00Z Only the homozygous baby would potentially become resistant to HIV. Ethics aside, does the CRISPR baby experiment make scientific sense? 2018-11-28T05:00:00Z We also sought phenotypic data for a subset of ExAC participants homozygous for reported severe recessive disease variants, again enabling reclassification of some variants as benign. Analysis of protein-coding genetic variation in 60,706 humans : Nature : Nature Research 2016-08-16T04:00:00Z From this data, can you tell if the round pea parent plant is homozygous dominant or heterozygous? Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z The chain of events leading up to the current controversy began in late May, when AstraZeneca won approval of Crestor to treat children with the rare disease, homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia, or HoFH. AstraZeneca Pushes to Protect Crestor From Generic Competition 2016-06-27T04:00:00Z Through the read depth, phasing markers that were missed in previous steps were additionally called for homozygous regions adjacent to phased blocks. De novo assembly and phasing of a Korean human genome : Nature : Nature Research 2016-10-04T04:00:00Z But researchers showed in 2005 that West Nile virus is highly fatal in mice engineered to be homozygous for the mutation. Ethics aside, does the CRISPR baby experiment make scientific sense? 2018-11-28T05:00:00Z This means that homozygous individuals — those who inherited the mutation from both their mother and their father — are essentially resistant to the most commonly transmitted strain of HIV. Disease: Closing the door on HIV : Nature : Nature Publishing Group 2015-12-01T05:00:00Z For crosses between heterozygous individuals with a recessive lethal allele that causes death before birth when homozygous, only wild-type homozygotes and heterozygotes would be observed. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z For example, individuals who are homozygous for inactive CYP2D6 alleles are unable to convert the analgesic drug codeine into its active metabolite, morphine, but can respond to several other opiate analgesics27. Pharmacogenomics in the clinic : Nature : Nature Publishing Group 2015-10-13T04:00:00Z We additionally analysed 5,819 homozygous deletions to search for gene knockouts occurring naturally in human populations. An integrated map of structural variation in 2,504 human genomes : Nature : Nature Publishing Group 2015-09-29T04:00:00Z Epidemiological studies of West Nile disease subsequently found that humans homozygous for the CCR5 mutation suffer more serious disease and higher rates of death from that virus. Ethics aside, does the CRISPR baby experiment make scientific sense? 2018-11-28T05:00:00Z The committee unanimously agreed that Amgen’s drug should be approved for people with a rare genetic disorder, homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia, because of their dire need for treatments. Panel Tells F.D.A. to Back Second Drug to Help Heart 2015-06-10T04:00:00Z Both parents are homozygous having the green trait on the green-blue eye gene. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z In a western lowland gorilla, around 14 percent of the genome length will be homozygous, meaning that the mother and father passed down identical genes. Unlocking the genes of mountain gorillas could help fight extinction 2015-04-09T04:00:00Z By mining homozygous deletions we identified over two hundred nonessential human genes, a set enriched for immunoglobulin domains that hence may reflect variation in the immune repertoire underlying inter-individual differences in disease susceptibility. An integrated map of structural variation in 2,504 human genomes : Nature : Nature Publishing Group 2015-09-29T04:00:00Z To account for this we made a null hypothesis that all called heterozygous variants were actually homozygous. Chromatin architecture reorganization during stem cell differentiation : Nature : Nature Publishing Group 2015-02-17T05:00:00Z Pathway alterations include homozygous deletions, focal amplifications and somatic mutations. Comprehensive genomic characterization of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas : Nature : Nature Publishing Group 2015-01-27T05:00:00Z You would expect 200 homozygous dominant blue flowers, 400 heterozygous blue flowers, and 200 homozygous recessive red flowers. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Despite the strong bias towards heterozygosity in these regions, a small proportion of either homozygous haplotype was always present, suggesting that there are genetic backgrounds in which homozygosity of any particular gene is not lethal. The genome of Eucalyptus grandis : Nature : Nature Publishing Group 2014-06-10T04:00:00Z Analysing this set, we identify numerous gene-intersecting structural variants exhibiting population stratification and describe naturally occurring homozygous gene knockouts that suggest the dispensability of a variety of human genes. An integrated map of structural variation in 2,504 human genomes : Nature : Nature Publishing Group 2015-09-29T04:00:00Z The drug was approved in December 2012 to help further lower cholesterol in patients with homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia. Justice Department Investigating Aegerion Over Marketing Of New Cholesterol Drug 2014-01-10T03:27:00Z Pathway alterations include homozygous deletions, focal amplifications and somatic mutations. Comprehensive genomic characterization of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas : Nature : Nature Publishing Group 2015-01-27T05:00:00Z You would expect 100 homozygous dominant red flowers, 100 heterozygous red flowers, and 600 homozygous recessive blue flowers. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z She adds that heterozygotes such as Alpha Red 78 end up with more offspring largely because they outlive homozygous big-horned males, which tend to die young. Big horns clash with longevity in sheep 2013-08-21T17:50:17.007Z In that scenario, the offspring would be 100% homozygous recessive and green, which matches our results. In North American Katydids, Green isn't the Dominant Colour, Pink is 2013-08-14T02:15:05.927Z For example, Mendel took pea plants that were homozygous for different traits and crossbred them. Follow Family Traits with an Easy Tree 2013-06-13T14:45:03.027Z This number of SNPs between just two homozygous zebrafish individuals is far in excess of that seen between any two humans and is nearly one-fifth of all SNPs measured among 1,092 human diploid genomes. The zebrafish reference genome sequence and its relationship to the human genome 2013-04-24T17:21:53.517Z An example of population variation would be Mendel’s pea plants that were homozygous dominant, heterozygous and homozygous recessive for various traits. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z The committee also expressed concern about the use of lomitapide in children with homozygous FH, since they were not included in clinical trials, but might be considered candidates for therapy in clinical practice. FDA Reviewers Recommend Approval For Lomitapide For Homozygous Familial Hypercholesterolemia 2012-10-17T20:26:02Z The only way this would be possible is if the parents were homozygous recessive. In North American Katydids, Green isn't the Dominant Colour, Pink is 2013-08-14T02:15:05.927Z The observation that a considerable number of homozygous mutant horses are considered four-gaited may reflect phenotype misclassifications, but more likely incomplete penetrance due to other genetic factors, maturity and environmental effects, in particular training. Mutations in DMRT3 affect locomotion in horses and spinal circuit function in mice 2012-08-29T17:51:50.993Z This number of SNPs between just two homozygous zebrafish individuals is far in excess of that seen between any two humans and is nearly one-fifth of all SNPs measured among 1,092 human diploid genomes. The zebrafish reference genome sequence and its relationship to the human genome 2013-04-24T17:21:53.517Z Given that axial is dominant to terminal, list all of the possible F1 and F2 genotypes and phenotypes from a cross involving parents that are homozygous for each trait. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z In time, students discover that one is homozygous green and the other a yellow-blue heterozygote. [Essay] IBI* Series Winner: Aipotu: Simulation from Nucleotides to Populations and Back Again 2012-07-26T17:55:45.303Z This strongly suggests that the predominant genotype in nature is homozygous recessive green.” In North American Katydids, Green isn't the Dominant Colour, Pink is 2013-08-14T02:15:05.927Z Homozygosity for the mutation is required, but not sufficient for pacing, as many Standardbred trotters and some Icelandic horses that are homozygous mutant do not pace. Mutations in DMRT3 affect locomotion in horses and spinal circuit function in mice 2012-08-29T17:51:50.993Z In total, two frameshift, two nonsense and one missense mutation, combined with a homozygous deletion spanning the coding region were observed. Sequence analysis of mutations and translocations across breast cancer subtypes 2012-06-20T17:22:32.787Z Because each parent is homozygous, the law of segregation indicates that the gametes for the green/wrinkled plant all are yr, and the gametes for the yellow/round plant are all YR. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z An analysis of the mutant allele frequencies and estimated tumour purities indicates that at least two mutations are homozygous. Melanoma genome sequencing reveals frequent PREX2 mutations 2012-05-23T17:22:14.467Z Or to use the adjective forms, a pure black guinea-pig is homozygous for black pigment, an albino guinea-pig is homozygous for absence of pigment, while a cross between the two is heterozygous for pigment. Being Well-Born An Introduction to Eugenics 2012-05-22T15:16:53.140Z Mukisi, on the other hand, has twice the rate of homozygous differences from the assembly, consistent with this gorilla coming from a separate population. Insights into hominid evolution from the gorilla genome sequence 2012-03-07T18:21:00.777Z Measuring many individuals of the same homozygous genotype increases the accuracy of the estimates of genotypic value and the power to detect variants, and genotypes of molecular markers need only be obtained once. The Drosophila melanogaster Genetic Reference Panel 2012-02-08T18:51:32.053Z We know that for each gene, the fraction of homozygous recessive offspring will be 1/4. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z For a gene to cause HI when both homozygous and hemizygous, but not when heterozygous, strongly implies that the HI gene is behaving like a loss-of-function mutation in a hybrid background. [Technical Comment] Comment on ?A Test of the Snowball Theory for the Rate of Evolution of Hybrid Incompatibilities? 2011-09-15T18:25:17.657Z In addition to homozygous SNP positions we also called 5.2M heterozygous positions. Mouse genomic variation and its effect on phenotypes and gene regulation 2011-09-14T17:21:52.063Z Base errors were corrected by mapping all Illumina reads back to the assembly and rectifying apparent homozygous variants, while recording the location of heterozygous sites. Insights into hominid evolution from the gorilla genome sequence 2012-03-07T18:21:00.777Z If a homozygous SNP in RH within a coding region induced a premature stop codon, we defined the gene harbouring this SNP as a homozygous premature stop gene in RH. Genome sequence and analysis of the tuber crop potato 2011-07-13T17:21:42.673Z The recessive c allele does not produce pigment, and a mouse with the homozygous recessive cc genotype is albino regardless of the allele present at the A locus. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z In a word, the germ plasm in each of these lines is pure, or homozygous, as we say. A Critique of the Theory of Evolution Both of the parents are homozygous for black. Mendelism Third Edition In Mendelian language the male is homozygous, so-called "pure" as regards this character. Woman and Womanhood A Search for Principles We found 80 genes with frameshift mutations, of which 31 were heterozygous and 49 were homozygous. Genome sequence and analysis of the tuber crop potato 2011-07-13T17:21:42.673Z However, if a dominant copy of the W gene is present in the homozygous or heterozygous form, the summer squash will produce white fruit regardless of the Y alleles. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z In the horned Dorsets, we must suppose that both males and females carry a dual factor for horns—technically, are homozygous for horns. Taboo and Genetics A Study of the Biological, Sociological and Psychological Foundation of the Family The heterozygous tall pea or the heterozygous rose-combed fowl cannot be distinguished from the homozygous form by mere inspection, however close. Mendelism Third Edition When two such gametes unite in fertilisation the resulting organism will be a homozygous recessive, and the corresponding character will be absent. Hormones and Heredity The recessive allele will only be observed in homozygous recessive individuals. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Both parents are homozygous for the dominant trait of brown eyes. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z The hornless Suffolks, on the contrary, are homozygous for absence of horns. Taboo and Genetics A Study of the Biological, Sociological and Psychological Foundation of the Family Breeding tests alone can decide which is the heterozygous and which the homozygous form. Mendelism Third Edition This is the same difficulty which I pointed out above in connection with the Mendelian theory that the female was heterozygous and the male homozygous for sex. Hormones and Heredity Test crosses are done to determine whether or not an individual is homozygous or heterozygous by crossing the individual with a homozygous recessive. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z If the traits are inherited as dominant and recessive, the F1 offspring will all exhibit the same phenotype as the parent homozygous for the dominant trait. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Now, consider a cross between a homozygous white-eyed female and a male with red eyes. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z And because the erect reds and the hooded purples are respectively homozygous for E and B, they must thenceforward breed true. Mendelism Third Edition If we denote the presence of the normal factor by N and its absence or recessive by n, then the male is Nn, while the female is homozygous or NN. Hormones and Heredity When a female parent is homozygous for a recessive X- linked trait, she will pass the trait on to 100 percent of her offspring. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Because homozygous dominant and heterozygous individuals are phenotypically identical, the observed traits in the F2 offspring will exhibit a ratio of three dominant to one recessive. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z An inheritance pattern in which an allele is only lethal in the homozygous form and in which the heterozygote may be normal or have some altered non-lethal phenotype is referred to as recessive lethal. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z In such cases as these there is but a single type of intermediate, and the simple ratio in which this and the two homozygous forms appear renders the interpretation obvious. Mendelism Third Edition For the F2 generation of a monohybrid cross, the following three possible combinations of genotypes could result: homozygous dominant, heterozygous, or homozygous recessive. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z The probability of a homozygous dominant at A is 1/4 and the probability of a heterozygote at A is 1/2. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Incomplete dominance describes situations in which the heterozygote exhibits a phenotype that is intermediate between the homozygous phenotypes. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z You would expect 300 homozygous dominant blue flowers, 300 heterozygous blue flowers, and 200 homozygous recessive red flowers. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z In the simple case where the homozygous and heterozygous conditions are indistinguishable in appearance the number of possible forms is 2, raised to the power of the number of factors concerned. Mendelism Third Edition For a woman cannot be colour-blind unless she is homozygous for the colour-blind factor, in which case all her children must get a single dose of it even if she marries a normal male. Mendelism Third Edition Yellow in the mouse is dominant to agouti, but hitherto a homozygous yellow has never been met with. Mendelism Third Edition Representing the wild-type form of the gene as +/+ and the mutant form of the gene as m/m for two homozygous parents, construct a Punnett square for this cross using the first grid below. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z If it were an ordinary Mendelian case the ratio should be 3 : 1, and one out of every three yellows so bred should be homozygous and give only yellows when crossed with agouti. Mendelism Third Edition An individual may be homozygous for one or more characters, and at the same time may be heterozygous for others. Mendelism Third Edition Moreover, it makes no difference whether p represents the homozygous dominants or whether it stands for the recessives. Mendelism Third Edition Whenever two similarly constituted gametes unite, whatever the nature of the parents from which they arose, the resulting individual is homozygous in all respects and must consequently breed true. Mendelism Third Edition When diploid organisms carry the same alleles for a given trait, they are said to be homozygous for the genotype; when they carry different alleles, they are said to be heterozygous. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z We know that bay is dominant to chestnut, and that if a homozygous bay stallion is used a bay foal must result. Mendelism Third Edition This at once suggests that the black and the splashed white are the two homozygous forms, and that the blues are heterozygous, i.e., producing equal numbers of "black" and "white splashed" gametes. Mendelism Third Edition |
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