英语词汇“hind limb”造句子简单的方法、技巧、例句及翻译-英语例句辞典

Pterodactyls had wings formed by a thin skin and muscle membrane stretching from one of their elongated fingers to their hind limbs. Mr. Lemoncello's Library Olympics 2016-01-05T00:00:00Z

As well as her extra hind limbs, she was also revealed to have two vulvas. Dogs: Six-legged puppy found dumped in car park 2023-10-02T04:00:00Z

They found that less complex birds -- those with a smaller differences between their fore and hind limbs -- had more species diversity than those with higher complexity and a larger difference between their limbs. Study shows birds that have evolved greater complexity are less biodiverse 2023-09-25T04:00:00Z

The mammal is perched on the dinosaur, its paws gripping the reptile’s jaw and a hind limb while its teeth plunge into the ribcage. Mammals may have hunted down dinosaurs for dinner, rare fossil suggests 2023-07-18T04:00:00Z

Adult frogs use their hind limbs to jump on land. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z

Adult frogs use their hind limbs to jump many times their body length on land. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z

The front limbs sometimes appeared to walk or even jump ahead, with the assemblage rapidly expanding in one direction as its hind limbs remained on the ground. Bacteria and Fungi Can ‘Walk’ across the Surface of Our Teeth 2022-12-20T05:00:00Z

Large swaths of preserved skin covers the bones of the dinosaur’s right forelimb, hind limbs and tail. Remarkable Dinosaur Mummy Has ‘Glittering’ Skin Gouged by Ancient Crocs 2022-10-14T04:00:00Z

In vertebrates, Hox genes direct the growth of the front and hind limbs. Miller & Levine Biology 2018-01-01T00:00:00Z

African clawed frogs are masters of putting themselves back together, handily regenerating lost tails and hind limbs, when they are tadpoles. Frogs Without Legs Regrow Leglike Limbs in New Experiment 2022-01-26T05:00:00Z

In Icelandic horses that exhibit toelt, the hind limbs support more weight than the front limbs, making the gait more fluid. This rabbit walks on its ‘hands.’ Scientists think they’ve found the genetic reason why 2021-03-25T04:00:00Z

Unlike most predatory dinosaurs — including some relatives such as the slender-snouted Baryonyx — Spinosaurus had densely mineralized bones, unusually short hind limbs and a tail configuration that allowed for sinuous, sculling motions. Was this dinosaur more subaquatic killer or giant wading bird? 2021-01-26T05:00:00Z

Ennos argues that our forward-facing eyes with binocular vision, upright posture and differentiation between hind limbs for locomotion and forelimbs for gripping all evolved for living in canopies. Review | How wood shaped human history, from spears to boats to books 2020-12-30T05:00:00Z

To more accurately estimate dinosaur running speeds, Dr. Dececchi and his colleagues amassed measurements of hind limbs and published body mass estimates for 34 dinosaur specimens. Long Limbs Helped Propel T. Rex Up the Dinosaur Food Chain 2020-05-23T04:00:00Z

The hind limbs are splayed to the side, mimicking a bodybuilder’s squat. My, what big teeth and strange bones you have. Scientists discover a creature that roamed south of the equator 66 million years ago. 2020-04-29T04:00:00Z

Its strong back and hind limb muscles and its long claws on its back feet indicated Adalatherium was an adept digger that possibly excavated burrows. Madagascar's prehistoric 'crazy beast' sheds light on mammalian evolution 2020-04-29T04:00:00Z

Lambert continued: "When digging around the outcropping bones, we quickly realized that this was the skeleton of a quadrupedal whale, with both forelimbs and hind limbs." Four-legged whale that lived 40-million-years-ago found off coast in Peru 2019-04-04T04:00:00Z

The rodents' muscles—especially those in their hind limbs—used oxygen more efficiently and were more resistant to fatigue. Simple Genetic Mutation Helped Humans Become Endurance Runners 2018-12-26T05:00:00Z

Most dicynodonts had a posture that seems awkward to the modern eye: Their hind limbs were straight, like those of today's mammals, but their forelimbs sprawled, lizard-style, with a bend at the elbow. Ancient mammal cousin looked like cross between a rhino and a turtle 2018-11-22T05:00:00Z

Upon hatching, their hind limbs move rhythmically back and forth, one at time, without the assistance of their spine, just as land animals do. This walking fish may reveal how animals first took to land 2018-02-08T05:00:00Z

It developed “uncoordinated” movements and “severe hind limb contractions” that couldn’t be controlled with medicine. Virus terrible for dogs shows up in critically endangered leopard 2018-01-19T05:00:00Z

This indicated that the forelimbs of individuals identified as near hatching were less developed than their hind limbs. Eggs in 1 Basket: China Fossil Find Opens Up Lost World of Pterosaurs 2017-11-30T05:00:00Z

The paleontologists would have pointed to its 3-meter hind limbs, leggy for even a big dinosaur, and described the creature as sprinting after prey at speeds of 40 mph. Tyrannosaurus rex couldn’t run, but it was a speedy walker 2017-07-19T04:00:00Z

Previous studies in mammals have found that muscle composition between trunk, forelimb, and hind limb muscles is largely the same, O’Neill says, so he’s confident the samples are representative across most of the chimp’s musculature. How chimps outmuscle humans 2017-06-26T04:00:00Z

Modern whales lack cavities for the hind limbs in their pelvic area. Fossil of oldest known baleen-whale relative unearthed in Peru 2017-05-10T04:00:00Z

A pelvis joined their hind limbs to their spines, for example. Researchers Find Fish That Walks the Way Land Vertebrates Do 2016-03-24T04:00:00Z

The computer model shows the animal's hind limbs provided "relatively weak thrust", say Dr Smith and co-researchers at the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta, US. 200-year-old fossil mystery resolved - BBC News 2015-12-18T05:00:00Z

Knee osteoarthritis was surgically induced in the rodents’ left hind limb after 12 weeks on the diets. Opposite-Sex Siblings Build Confidence in Romance 2015-11-09T05:00:00Z

They set out to model a piece of the sensory cortex where information from the hind limb is processed. Rat brain—or a smidgeon of it—is modeled in a computer 2015-10-08T04:00:00Z

“I was most amazed by how strongly we inferred that the common ancestor retained hind limbs,” he said. Data Suggests Legs and Toes in Ancestor of Living Snakes 2015-05-19T04:00:00Z

A stray dog backing away from its owner “in a palsy of hind limbs.” Anne Enright’s Family Agonies 2015-05-18T04:00:00Z

"We conclude that plesiosaurs were forelimb-dominated swimmers that used their hind limbs mainly for manoeuvrability and stability," they report. 200-year-old fossil mystery resolved - BBC News 2015-12-18T05:00:00Z

They partially succeeded — causing genital-like buds to form in a chicken embryo — by using the cells that generally form hind limbs. Genitals May Have Formed Like Limbs 2014-11-06T05:00:00Z

The feathers on its hind limbs are unusually prominent - suggesting they were actually "hindwings" and played a role in flight, the researchers write. Four-winged dinosaur found in China 2014-07-16T04:00:00Z

But Tiktaalik’s enlarged pelvis points to the possibility that hind limbs started to evolve simultaneously and were being used for propulsion. Fossil reveals transitional link from fins to feet 2014-01-13T17:06:24Z

Unlike the muscles of the hind limbs, which are made for sustained use, the breast muscles that power a turkey’s wings are built for rapid but brief exertions. In its wild form, that funny looking turkey can fly. Though it won’t get very far. 2013-11-25T19:48:02Z

He said he expected further research to “almost certainly yield additional important information about the skull and dentition, the forelimbs and the hind limbs.” Palm-Size Fossil Resets Primates’ Clock, Scientists Say 2013-06-05T18:53:47Z

Meijaard observed that the creature seems to have “the suggestion of a membrane between the front and hind limbs”. The mystery mammal of Kayan Mentarang 2013-02-25T15:15:07.977Z

The research suggests the animal shuffled on land using hind limb movements similar to that seen in seals rather than moving its limbs in the familiar walking pattern seen today. Ancient walking mystery deepens 2012-05-23T18:48:19Z

When contracted in the ordinary way, the lesions are usually first seen in the posterior nasal passages, the larynx or the lungs, or in the superficial lymphatics, especially of the hind limbs. A System of Practical Medicine by American Authors, Vol. I Volume 1: Pathology and General Diseases 2012-03-17T02:00:54.097Z

Below the carpal and tarsal joints, the fore and hind limbs correspond almost exactly in structure as well as function. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 13, Slice 6 "Home, Daniel" to "Hortensius, Quintus" 2012-03-15T02:00:32.250Z

They climb trees with ease, and during the day hang by their hind limbs, their wing membrane wrapped around them, from the loftier boughs. The Little Gleaner, Vol. X. A Monthly Magazine for the Young 2012-02-03T03:00:20.453Z

The thighs and undersurfaces of the hind limbs are golden orange; the belly is yellow, and the throat is cream-colored. A Distributional Study of the Amphibians of the Isthmus of Tehuantepec, Mexico 2011-12-31T03:00:17.400Z

After the animal has been killed the hind limbs are detached and skinned; the crural nerves and their attachments to the lumbar vertebrae remaining. Hawkins Electrical Guide, Number One Questions, Answers, & Illustrations, A Progressive Course of Study for Engineers, Electricians, Students and Those Desiring to acquire a Working Knowledge of Electricity and its Applications 2011-12-24T03:07:54.823Z

Paralysis of the hind limbs and of the whole body speedily follows, and death ensues in from two to three days. A System of Practical Medicine by American Authors, Vol. I Volume 1: Pathology and General Diseases 2012-03-17T02:00:54.097Z

The fore and hind limbs make the same number of steps, and the steps have the same length. Artistic Anatomy of Animals 2011-12-17T03:00:16.893Z

"Most dinosaurs had hind limbs that differed significantly from living mammals and birds," he says. Tyrannosaurs Were Power-Walkers 2011-11-07T20:15:07.393Z

The hind limbs are marked by dark transverse bands, usually three or four each on the thigh and shank, and two or three on the tarsus. Neotropical Hylid Frogs, Genus Smilisca 2011-10-24T02:00:14.853Z

Both of these differ from leprieurii by having pointed snouts, much longer hind limbs, and smooth skin dorsally. A Synopsis of Neotropical Hylid Frogs, Genus Osteocephalus 2011-10-04T02:00:15.227Z

The swelling of the lymphatics appears by preference in the lower part of a hind limb, and the first nodules may be near the fetlock or tarsus. A System of Practical Medicine by American Authors, Vol. I Volume 1: Pathology and General Diseases 2012-03-17T02:00:54.097Z

We will afterwards point out the differences presented when the hoofs of the fore and hind limbs are compared. Artistic Anatomy of Animals 2011-12-17T03:00:16.893Z

According to the new research, the anatomy of the creature’s pelvis and hind limbs shows that walked upright, planting its feet close to the midline of its body. Triassic Crocodile Cousin Walked Like a Dinosaur 2011-05-11T18:19:07Z

The hind limbs are marked by dark transverse bands, usually four or five on the thigh, five or six on the shank, and four on the tarsus. Neotropical Hylid Frogs, Genus Smilisca 2011-10-24T02:00:14.853Z

When we examined the type on 5 August 1969, the specimen was soft and badly faded to a pale creamy tan with pale brown transverse bars on the hind limbs and spots on the flanks. A Synopsis of Neotropical Hylid Frogs, Genus Osteocephalus 2011-10-04T02:00:15.227Z

Lizard-like reptiles walked the earth that were 40 to 60 feet in length and stood 10 to 14 feet high where the massive hind limbs joined the body. North America 2011-05-05T02:00:20.027Z

But if there is one part of the skeleton more than another which distinguishes the Mammalia, it is the girdle of bones at the hips which supports the hind limbs. Dragons of the Air An Account of Extinct Flying Reptiles 2011-02-20T03:00:13.067Z

The international team found a partial skeleton, including bones of the vertebrae, forelimb, hind limbs, and a partial pelvis. Two-clawed T.rex cousin found 2011-01-25T01:24:18Z

Recently metamorphosed young usually are dull olive green above and white below; brown transverse bands are visible on the hind limbs. Neotropical Hylid Frogs, Genus Smilisca 2011-10-24T02:00:14.853Z

In the preserved specimen the dorsum of the entire body, including fore and hind limbs, is a light yellow-brown color, which becomes lighter towards the venter. A Synopsis of Neotropical Hylid Frogs, Genus Osteocephalus 2011-10-04T02:00:15.227Z

“People rarely think of the role of the hind limbs in landing,” he notes. Frogs Leapt Before They Landed 2010-07-27T15:24:00Z

The hind limbs similarly receive air from the abdominal air cell, which supplies the femur and other bones of the leg, the sacrum, and the tail. Dragons of the Air An Account of Extinct Flying Reptiles 2011-02-20T03:00:13.067Z

The arteries to the pelvis and hind limbs begin at the bifurcation of the aorta into the two common iliacs. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 2, Slice 6 "Armour Plates" to "Arundel, Earls of"

The axilla, groin, anterior and posterior surfaces of the thighs, ventral surfaces of the hind limbs, and webbing on the hands and feet were tomato red. Descriptions of New Hylid Frogs From Mexico and Central America

All Boidae possess vestiges of pelvis and hind limbs, appearing externally as claw-like spurs on each side of the vent, but they are so small that they are practically without function in climbing. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 4, Slice 1 "Bisharin" to "Bohea"

In most specimens the dorsum is dark olive-brown; in some it is pale olive-tan with dense dark brown mottling on the back and dark transverse bands on the hind limbs. The Amphibians and Reptiles of Michoacán, México

It is divided into neck bones, the cervical vertebræ; back bones, the dorsal vertebræ; loin bones, the lumbar vertebræ; the sacrum, or sacral vertebræ, which support the hind limbs; and the tail. Dragons of the Air An Account of Extinct Flying Reptiles 2011-02-20T03:00:13.067Z

Mesoptychials, under surfaces of hind limbs, and belly cream-colored; anterior edges of belly scales dark blue; lateral two rows of ventrals on posterior two-thirds of body dark blue having light blue or cream-colored spots. A New Subspecies of Lizard, Cnemidophorus sacki, from Michoacan, Mexico

The first three of these differ from pellita in greater size and by having many bands on the hind limbs. Descriptions of New Hylid Frogs From Mexico and Central America

The tail is thick and bushy, the feet and legs particularly strong, and there is usually a double dew-claw on each hind limb. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 8, Slice 6 "Dodwell" to "Drama"

The coloration resembles that of D. reticulata, but the reticulations are bold and form indistinct bands on the hind limbs. The Amphibians and Reptiles of Michoacán, México

The hind limb is exceptionally long in proportion to the back. Dragons of the Air An Account of Extinct Flying Reptiles 2011-02-20T03:00:13.067Z

Cavies sometimes have dragging of the hind limbs. The Raising and Care of Guinea Pigs A complete guide to the breeding, feeding, housing, exhibiting and marketing of cavies

Ventral surfaces of hind limbs and first toes cream-colored; undersides of other toes and soles of feet brown. Descriptions of Two Species of Frogs, Genus Ptychohyla Studies of American Hylid Frogs, V

The tail, pelvis, hind limbs and right forelimb are missing. A New Order of Fishlike Amphibia From the Pennsylvanian of Kansas

The specimen has paired transverse stripes on the hind limbs as does H. caprimimus, and is here referred to that species. The Amphibians and Reptiles of Michoacán, México

In Rhamphorhynchus the hind limb is relatively much shorter, so that the animal, when on all fours, may have had an appearance not unlike a Bat in similar position. Dragons of the Air An Account of Extinct Flying Reptiles 2011-02-20T03:00:13.067Z

Outward direction of the stifles—Abduction of hind limbs.—As an obstacle to parturition, this is rare in cows. Special Report on Diseases of Cattle

Though the fore limbs and the hind limbs differ so much in length, yet in galloping they have to keep pace—must take equal strides. Essays: Scientific, Political, & Speculative, Vol. I

Universally legless, though some of the boas and pythons have distinct outer rudiments of hind limbs, they are not easily mistaken. Boy Scouts Handbook The First Edition, 1911

In this specimen there is a faint pattern on the hind limbs; otherwise the entire body is creamy white; the eyes are pink. The Amphibians and Reptiles of Michoacán, México

The bones of the hind limb are exceptionally interesting. Dragons of the Air An Account of Extinct Flying Reptiles 2011-02-20T03:00:13.067Z

The indications for treatment are to return the hind limbs into the body of the womb. Special Report on Diseases of Cattle

The result is that at each stride, the angle which the hind limbs describe round their centre of motion is much larger than the angle described by the fore limbs. Essays: Scientific, Political, & Speculative, Vol. I

In the hind limb, e is the hind pastern; f, the hock; g, the stifle; and h, the haunch. The Young Lady's Equestrian Manual

The ventral surfaces were gray; the hind limbs were distinctly barred with yellow and brown, and the lips were barred with yellow and black. The Amphibians and Reptiles of Michoacán, México

The bones of the fore limb, generally, correspond in length with the similar parts of the hind limb. Dragons of the Air An Account of Extinct Flying Reptiles 2011-02-20T03:00:13.067Z

This may occur from disease or injury to the posterior part of the spinal cord or from broken back, and in these cases the tail, and perhaps the hind limbs, are liable to be paralyzed. Special Report on Diseases of Cattle

But in the European, the greater length and massiveness of the legs have become marked—the fore and hind limbs are more heterogeneous. Essays: Scientific, Political, & Speculative, Vol. I

If an antelope has only a front leg broken no living horse can catch it, but with a shattered hind limb my pony could run it down. Across Mongolian Plains A Naturalist's Account of China's 'Great Northwest'

When the hind limbs are adpressed, the heels broadly overlap. The Amphibians and Reptiles of Michoacán, México

Before 1875, when the first restoration appeared in the Illustrated London News, the legs had been regarded as too short to have supported the animal, standing upon its hind limbs. Dragons of the Air An Account of Extinct Flying Reptiles 2011-02-20T03:00:13.067Z

This method being inapplicable, the next resort is to cut off one or both hind limbs at the hip joint. Special Report on Diseases of Cattle

Thus Valentin, as quoted by Vrolik, injured the caudal extremity of an embryo, and three days afterwards it produced rudiments of a double pelvis and of double hind limbs. The Variation of Animals and Plants Under Domestication, Volume II (of 2)

Both were standing on their hind limbs, and both uttering the strange snuffing noise that had attracted attention to them. Bruin The Grand Bear Hunt

In this species the lateral yellow stripe is indistinct and is persistent only in the axilla; the dorsolateral stripes terminate anterior to the hind limbs and are not separated from the tan dorsum. The Amphibians and Reptiles of Michoacán, México

Dimorphodon differs from several other Pterodactyles in having the hind limb provided with a fifth outermost short instep bone, to which two toe bones are attached. Dragons of the Air An Account of Extinct Flying Reptiles 2011-02-20T03:00:13.067Z

Exposure to wet and cold are often accessory causes, though the low condition, general weakness, and the pressure on the nerves going to the hind limbs are not to be forgotten. Special Report on Diseases of Cattle

Then they propel themselves by rapid strokes of the hind limbs, beating the water in a semi-erect position and letting the long rudder-like tail drag behind. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 3, Part 1, Slice 3 "Banks" to "Bassoon"

The essential points about "the flying gallop" are that the fore-limbs are fully stretched forward, the hind limbs fully stretched backward, and that the flat surfaces of the hinder hoofs are facing upwards. More Science From an Easy Chair

The dorsum in adults is pale grayish brown; there are three irregular chevron-shaped dark marks and a triangular dark brown mark above the insertion of the hind limbs; on the tail are dark brown rings. The Amphibians and Reptiles of Michoacán, México

The principal bones of the hind limb appear to be a little shorter; but the scapula and coracoid are slightly larger. Dragons of the Air An Account of Extinct Flying Reptiles 2011-02-20T03:00:13.067Z

Deep gutters behind the stalls, into which one or both hind limbs slip unexpectedly, strain the loins and jar the body and womb most injuriously. Special Report on Diseases of Cattle

Finish the stuffing of the neck and chest, and coming along the body repeat the same process with the hind limbs as with the fore. Practical Taxidermy A manual of instruction to the amateur in collecting, preserving, and setting up natural history specimens of all kinds. To which is added a chapter upon the pictorial arrangement of museums. With additional instructions in modelling and artistic taxidermy.

Whales have lost the hind limbs altogether and developed the forelegs into fingerless flippers, whilst the tail is provided with "flukes" like the fins of a fish's tail in shape, but horizontal instead of vertical. More Science From an Easy Chair

The belly and undersurfaces of the tail and hind limbs were pale gray, with or without silvery white flecks; the chin was a cream-color and flecked with silvery white in some specimens. The Amphibians and Reptiles of Michoacán, México

The hind limbs are relatively small and relatively short. Dragons of the Air An Account of Extinct Flying Reptiles 2011-02-20T03:00:13.067Z

In ill-fed, weak, unthrifty cows palsy of the hind limbs and tail may appear in the last weeks of pregnancy. Special Report on Diseases of Cattle

The fore and hind limbs, especially the latter, require very careful modelling. Practical Taxidermy A manual of instruction to the amateur in collecting, preserving, and setting up natural history specimens of all kinds. To which is added a chapter upon the pictorial arrangement of museums. With additional instructions in modelling and artistic taxidermy.

They differ from the true seals, especially in the mode in which they use their hind limbs in walking on land. The Sailor's Word-Book An Alphabetical Digest of Nautical Terms, including Some More Especially Military and Scientific, but Useful to Seamen; as well as Archaisms of Early Voyagers, etc.

The strange thing about the hind limbs was that, although so large and perfect, they were quite useless. Edge of the Jungle

This may be illustrated by reference to the skull, pelvis, hind limb, and the pneumatic condition of the bones. Dragons of the Air An Account of Extinct Flying Reptiles 2011-02-20T03:00:13.067Z

The rope is now drawn through the ring until it forms a tight loop, encircling the belly just in front of the hind limbs. Special Report on Diseases of Cattle

Moles may be very well mounted by being cut across from one hind limb to the other, just under the tail, skinned out, preserved, and the skin then filled with sand or dry plaster. Practical Taxidermy A manual of instruction to the amateur in collecting, preserving, and setting up natural history specimens of all kinds. To which is added a chapter upon the pictorial arrangement of museums. With additional instructions in modelling and artistic taxidermy.

In the late and tardy recoveries a partial paralysis of the hind limbs may last for months. Special Report on Diseases of the Horse

Its four hind limbs entirely disappear, and twelve short-forked swimming organs temporarily take their place. Natural Law in the Spiritual World

One day, when he got loose, he was detected carrying off the cream-jug from the table, holding it upright with both hands, and trying to move off on his hind limbs. Journeys Through Bookland, Vol. 6

In the case of extra limbs it may be possible to bring them up into the passages after the presenting hind limbs have been removed. Special Report on Diseases of Cattle

By a little management of the point of the knife, and by undercutting slightly, you expose the thighs of the hind limbs. Practical Taxidermy A manual of instruction to the amateur in collecting, preserving, and setting up natural history specimens of all kinds. To which is added a chapter upon the pictorial arrangement of museums. With additional instructions in modelling and artistic taxidermy.

As it increases it causes awkward, straddling, dragging movement of the hind limbs, or lameness on the affected side. Special Report on Diseases of the Horse

The hind limb and its body bones-- pelvic limb and girdle-- are shown in Figure 2. Text Book of Biology, Part 1: Vertebrata

It had a largely developed membrane, connecting the fore limbs with the others, and the hind limbs with the tail. The South Sea Whaler

The operator now plunges his hand into the womb, seizes the fore or hind limbs, and quickly extracts the calf and gives it to an attendant to convey to a safe place. Special Report on Diseases of Cattle

Skin all round it until you come to the return of the fore-arm in precisely the same manner as you have done with the hind limbs. Practical Taxidermy A manual of instruction to the amateur in collecting, preserving, and setting up natural history specimens of all kinds. To which is added a chapter upon the pictorial arrangement of museums. With additional instructions in modelling and artistic taxidermy.

The pressure of the distended womb on the nerves and blood vessels of the pelvis, besides conducing to dropsy, occasionally causes cramps of the hind limbs. Special Report on Diseases of the Horse

D and D' show the fore and hind limbs, to illustrate their homology. Text Book of Biology, Part 1: Vertebrata

It tapered off towards the tail, which was flat, horizontal, and semicircular, without any appearance of hind limbs. On the Banks of the Amazon

The hind limbs may shift uneasily, the tail be twisted, the head and eyes turn to the right flank, and the teeth are ground. Special Report on Diseases of Cattle

Pull the skin over this, and adjust it so that you may see the places on the wooden backbone where the fore and hind limbs will come. Practical Taxidermy A manual of instruction to the amateur in collecting, preserving, and setting up natural history specimens of all kinds. To which is added a chapter upon the pictorial arrangement of museums. With additional instructions in modelling and artistic taxidermy.

The pressure on the nerves of the pelvis is liable to cause paralysis of the hind limbs or of the nerve of sight. Special Report on Diseases of the Horse

The blood from the hind limbs either flows by the anterior abdominal vein to the portal vein and liver, or it passes by the renal portal vein to the kidney. Text Book of Biology, Part 1: Vertebrata

The serial homology of the fore and hind limbs is explained by the same writer as the result of a similarity in the influences and conditions to which they are exposed. On the Genesis of Species

Pressure on the right flank gives manifest pain, causing moaning or grunting, and the hind limbs are moved stiffly, extremely so if the general lining of the abdomen is involved. Special Report on Diseases of Cattle

Just as the fore limb can be homologised with the hind limb, so, reasoning by analogy, the skull should be capable of being homologised with the vertebræ. Form and Function A Contribution to the History of Animal Morphology

As the period of parturition approaches, the swelling of the udder bespeaks the coming event, the engorgement in exceptional cases extending forward on the lower surface of the abdomen and even into the hind limbs. Special Report on Diseases of the Horse

The last three lumbar and the sacral nerves form a sacral plexus, supplying the hind limb. Text Book of Biology, Part 1: Vertebrata

The sides of the face and muzzle are pale yellowish, the latter being flesh-coloured; the other portions of the trunk and the lower half of the tibial portion of the hind limbs are maroon. Natural History of the Mammalia of India and Ceylon

When the hind limbs are already so jammed into the pelvis that it is impossible to return them, the calf must be sacrificed to save the mother. Special Report on Diseases of Cattle

The hind limbs are nine feet in length when extended, about equal to the length of the body and neck, and the bones are massively proportioned. Dinosaurs With Special Reference to the American Museum Collections

Amputation of the hind limb.—This may be required when there are extra hind limbs or when the hind limbs are bent forward at hock or hip joint. Special Report on Diseases of the Horse

The last three form the sciatic plexus going to the hind limb. Text Book of Biology, Part 1: Vertebrata

In walking on land the feet are, in the case of the Otaria or eared seals placed flat on the full sole; the common seals never use their hind limbs on the shore. Natural History of the Mammalia of India and Ceylon

Laceration of the roof of this passage is also met with as the result of deviations of the hind limbs and feet upward when the calf lies on its back. Special Report on Diseases of Cattle

The fore limbs are reduced indeed to about one-sixth the size of the hind limbs and judging from the size and shape of the foot bones the front legs could not have borne much weight. Dinosaurs With Special Reference to the American Museum Collections

The hind limbs having been removed by one or the other of these procedures, the loose skin detached from the pelvis is used as a means of traction and delivery is effected. Special Report on Diseases of the Horse

The body is perfectly smooth, and without any projections or inequalities, changing into a horizontal semicircular flat tail, with no appearance whatever of hind limbs. A Book of Natural History Young Folks' Library Volume XIV.

Incisors narrow; molars divided into transverse laminæ; pterygoid fossæ short; auditory bullæ usually large; hind limbs very long; tail long and hairy. Natural History of the Mammalia of India and Ceylon

To correct the deviation of the hind limb is, however, very difficult, as the limbs themselves are out of reach and can not be used as levers to assist. Special Report on Diseases of Cattle

This proved to be the previously unknown hind limb of the great dinosaur Diplodocus. Dinosaurs With Special Reference to the American Museum Collections

In case of a monstrosity with extra hind limbs, it may be possible to bring these up into the passage and utilize them for traction. Special Report on Diseases of the Horse

Dr. Salomon Müller also states that the Gibbons progress upon the ground by short series of tottering jumps, effected only by the hind limbs, the body being held altogether upright. A Book of Natural History Young Folks' Library Volume XIV.

It has just the same general outline, just the same bushy tail, just the same rough arrangement of colours, and just the same expanded parachute-like membrane stretching between the fore and hind limbs. Falling in Love With Other Essays on More Exact Branches of Science

As the inflammation increases and extends, the hot, tender udder causes the animal to straddle with its hind limbs, and, when walking, to halt on the limb on that side. Special Report on Diseases of Cattle

I have therefore hazarded the view that even some of these enormous dinosaurs were capable of raising themselves on their hind limbs, lightly resting on the middle portion of the tail. Dinosaurs With Special Reference to the American Museum Collections

It may, however, be necessary to put hobbles on the hind limbs to prevent the mare from kicking. Special Report on Diseases of the Horse

But in the European, the greater length and massiveness of the legs has become very marked—the fore and hind limbs are relatively more heterogeneous. Essays on Education and Kindred Subjects Everyman's Library

This animal is a true rodent, which lengthens its leap from branch to branch by means of a fold of skin stretching between its fore and its hind limbs. The Doctrine of Evolution Its Basis and Its Scope

There may be uneasy shifting of the hind limbs and twisting of the tail, also frequent lying down and rising, but these symptoms are exceptional. Special Report on Diseases of Cattle

The second included most of skull and jaws, backbone, ribs and pelvis and the hind limbs and feet, but not tail. Dinosaurs With Special Reference to the American Museum Collections

As the result of inflammation of the udder it may become the seat of an indurated diseased growth, which may go on growing and seriously interfere with the movement of the hind limbs. Special Report on Diseases of the Horse

His limbs were like to the trees his men were accustomed to fell, and his hands reminded her of the hind limbs of the mutton. The Man in the Twilight

The hind limb has disappeared as an efficient organ, but the significant fact is that small rudiments of hind limbs are present just where corresponding structures are placed in the seal. The Doctrine of Evolution Its Basis and Its Scope

They spring from their hind limbs alone, using neither the tail nor the fore limbs. The Illustrated London Reading Book

In appearance most of these small dinosaurs must have suggested long-legged bipedal lizards, running and walking on their hind limbs, with the long tail stretched out behind to balance the body. Dinosaurs With Special Reference to the American Museum Collections

Spasm of the thigh, or cramp of a hind limb.—This is frequently witnessed in horses that stand on sloping plank floors—generally in cold weather—or it may come on soon after severe exercise. Special Report on Diseases of the Horse

And as for birds—why, their fore limbs are turned into wings, to fly with, so that they walk or hop on their hind limbs only, just as we do. Citizen Bird Scenes from Bird-Life in Plain English for Beginners

Others, which are still true lizards, have lost the hind limbs, or even all the legs, as in the "blind worms" of England. The Doctrine of Evolution Its Basis and Its Scope

On the least alarm they rise on the hind limbs, and bound to a distance with great rapidity. The Illustrated London Reading Book

The remaining two-thirds belong to one individual, except for a part of the tail, one shoulder-blade and one hind limb, supplied from another skeleton of the same species. Dinosaurs With Special Reference to the American Museum Collections

The gradual and slow development of symptoms of paralysis of one or both hind limbs or certain muscles may lead to a suspicion of spinal tumors. Special Report on Diseases of the Horse

Animals that go on their two hind limbs only, like Bird People and House People, are called bipeds. Citizen Bird Scenes from Bird-Life in Plain English for Beginners

The "fingers" and "toes" bear nails like ours, again with an exception in the case of the second digits of the hind limbs, which bear claws. The Doctrine of Evolution Its Basis and Its Scope

It is a condition observed far more frequently in fore than in hind limbs, and is seen in connection with low heels, more or less obliquity of the wall, and a tendency to contraction. Diseases of the Horse's Foot

Notwithstanding their size, they present birdlike characters in the skeleton, esp. in the pelvis and hind limbs. The Gutenberg Webster's Unabridged Dictionary Section D and E

The muscles of the limbs or back may be subject to intermittent spasms, or spasmodic tremors; finally, the hind limbs become paralyzed, breathing very difficult, and convulsions supervene, followed by death. Special Report on Diseases of the Horse

The plaster keeps on well: she has no power over her hind limbs; but she eats and drinks as well as ever. 23d August.—No change. The Dog

Horses that are slightly affected may show this movement of the hind limbs when first exercised. Common Diseases of Farm Animals

Their hind limbs, so wonderful in the water, are merely dragged behind the body on land. Within the Deep Cassell's "Eyes and No Eyes" Series, Book VIII.

Its hind limbs are those of a bird, except that they have more flesh upon the lowest joints and are covered with this soft down. Across the Zodiac

In an inflammation of the iliac arteries we find coldness and excessive lameness or paralysis of one or both hind limbs. Special Report on Diseases of the Horse

A dog is often brought to the veterinary surgeon, with no apparent disease about him except a staggering walk from weakness of the hind limbs. The Dog

Crooked hind limbs, small hocks and quarters that are heavily muscled are predisposing factors. Common Diseases of Farm Animals

The first section of the stem is supported by a single strong bone—the humerus in the fore, the femur in the hind limb. The Evolution of Man — Volume 2

I found in one place a whole hind limb of a rhinoceros, the bones of which were still in their true relative position. The Antiquity of Man

This affection may attack a wound on any part of the horse's body, while, apart from wounds, it is most frequent about the head and the hind limbs. Special Report on Diseases of the Horse

His hind limbs were dragged after him; he rapidly lost flesh, and his howlings were fearful and continuous. The Dog

The preventive treatment consists in hobbling the hind limbs of a horse that kicks in the stable. Common Diseases of Farm Animals

Another time, when he got loose, he was detected carrying off the cream-jug from the table, holding it upright with both hands, and trying to move off on his hind limbs. The Naturalist in Nicaragua

The farthest back of these was a creature with four toes on the front limb and three on the hind limb. Life and Letters of Thomas Henry Huxley — Volume 2

They consist of a general nervous disorder with staggering, swaying gait, especially in the hind limbs. Special Report on Diseases of the Horse

Contrast the small fore limbs, used only for grasping, with the powerful hind limbs on which the animal stalked about. The Elements of Geology

Large animals may be placed in swings if they are able to support a part of their weight on the hind limbs. Common Diseases of Farm Animals

Soc. of Cambridge' November 25, 1872 the case of a cow with three well developed toes on each hind limb, besides the ordinary rudiments; and her calf by an ordinary bull had extra digits. The Variation of Animals and Plants under Domestication — Volume 1

PELVIS.—The bony arch to which the hind limbs of vertebrate animals are articulated. The Origin of Species by means of Natural Selection, 6th Edition

When the paralysis of the hind limbs starts to appear the disease usually progresses rapidly. Special Report on Diseases of the Horse

Walking on its three-toed hind limbs, its head would be fourteen or fifteen feet from the ground. The Story of Evolution

This condition involves the heavy gluteal muscles and may occur as a complication of azoturia, or a lameness of the hind limb that is usually due to a spavin. Common Diseases of Farm Animals

After travelling a short distance it is noticed to sweat more freely than ordinarily, breathe rapidly, lag and go lame, usually in the hind limbs. Common Diseases of Farm Animals

Nodules and ulcers may form on the skin over the inferior wall of the abdomen and the inside of the hind limbs and are known as "farcy buds." Common Diseases of Farm Animals

In the hind limb are the regions of the pelvis, haunch, thigh, leg and hind-foot. Common Diseases of Farm Animals

单词	hind limb
例句	hind limb Pterodactyls had wings formed by a thin skin and muscle membrane stretching from one of their elongated fingers to their hind limbs. Mr. Lemoncello's Library Olympics 2016-01-05T00:00:00Z As well as her extra hind limbs, she was also revealed to have two vulvas. Dogs: Six-legged puppy found dumped in car park 2023-10-02T04:00:00Z They found that less complex birds -- those with a smaller differences between their fore and hind limbs -- had more species diversity than those with higher complexity and a larger difference between their limbs. Study shows birds that have evolved greater complexity are less biodiverse 2023-09-25T04:00:00Z The mammal is perched on the dinosaur, its paws gripping the reptile’s jaw and a hind limb while its teeth plunge into the ribcage. Mammals may have hunted down dinosaurs for dinner, rare fossil suggests 2023-07-18T04:00:00Z Adult frogs use their hind limbs to jump on land. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z Adult frogs use their hind limbs to jump many times their body length on land. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z The front limbs sometimes appeared to walk or even jump ahead, with the assemblage rapidly expanding in one direction as its hind limbs remained on the ground. Bacteria and Fungi Can ‘Walk’ across the Surface of Our Teeth 2022-12-20T05:00:00Z Large swaths of preserved skin covers the bones of the dinosaur’s right forelimb, hind limbs and tail. Remarkable Dinosaur Mummy Has ‘Glittering’ Skin Gouged by Ancient Crocs 2022-10-14T04:00:00Z In vertebrates, Hox genes direct the growth of the front and hind limbs. Miller & Levine Biology 2018-01-01T00:00:00Z African clawed frogs are masters of putting themselves back together, handily regenerating lost tails and hind limbs, when they are tadpoles. Frogs Without Legs Regrow Leglike Limbs in New Experiment 2022-01-26T05:00:00Z In Icelandic horses that exhibit toelt, the hind limbs support more weight than the front limbs, making the gait more fluid. This rabbit walks on its ‘hands.’ Scientists think they’ve found the genetic reason why 2021-03-25T04:00:00Z Unlike most predatory dinosaurs — including some relatives such as the slender-snouted Baryonyx — Spinosaurus had densely mineralized bones, unusually short hind limbs and a tail configuration that allowed for sinuous, sculling motions. Was this dinosaur more subaquatic killer or giant wading bird? 2021-01-26T05:00:00Z Ennos argues that our forward-facing eyes with binocular vision, upright posture and differentiation between hind limbs for locomotion and forelimbs for gripping all evolved for living in canopies. Review \| How wood shaped human history, from spears to boats to books 2020-12-30T05:00:00Z To more accurately estimate dinosaur running speeds, Dr. Dececchi and his colleagues amassed measurements of hind limbs and published body mass estimates for 34 dinosaur specimens. Long Limbs Helped Propel T. Rex Up the Dinosaur Food Chain 2020-05-23T04:00:00Z The hind limbs are splayed to the side, mimicking a bodybuilder’s squat. My, what big teeth and strange bones you have. Scientists discover a creature that roamed south of the equator 66 million years ago. 2020-04-29T04:00:00Z Its strong back and hind limb muscles and its long claws on its back feet indicated Adalatherium was an adept digger that possibly excavated burrows. Madagascar's prehistoric 'crazy beast' sheds light on mammalian evolution 2020-04-29T04:00:00Z Lambert continued: "When digging around the outcropping bones, we quickly realized that this was the skeleton of a quadrupedal whale, with both forelimbs and hind limbs." Four-legged whale that lived 40-million-years-ago found off coast in Peru 2019-04-04T04:00:00Z The rodents' muscles—especially those in their hind limbs—used oxygen more efficiently and were more resistant to fatigue. Simple Genetic Mutation Helped Humans Become Endurance Runners 2018-12-26T05:00:00Z Most dicynodonts had a posture that seems awkward to the modern eye: Their hind limbs were straight, like those of today's mammals, but their forelimbs sprawled, lizard-style, with a bend at the elbow. Ancient mammal cousin looked like cross between a rhino and a turtle 2018-11-22T05:00:00Z Upon hatching, their hind limbs move rhythmically back and forth, one at time, without the assistance of their spine, just as land animals do. This walking fish may reveal how animals first took to land 2018-02-08T05:00:00Z It developed “uncoordinated” movements and “severe hind limb contractions” that couldn’t be controlled with medicine. Virus terrible for dogs shows up in critically endangered leopard 2018-01-19T05:00:00Z This indicated that the forelimbs of individuals identified as near hatching were less developed than their hind limbs. Eggs in 1 Basket: China Fossil Find Opens Up Lost World of Pterosaurs 2017-11-30T05:00:00Z The paleontologists would have pointed to its 3-meter hind limbs, leggy for even a big dinosaur, and described the creature as sprinting after prey at speeds of 40 mph. Tyrannosaurus rex couldn’t run, but it was a speedy walker 2017-07-19T04:00:00Z Previous studies in mammals have found that muscle composition between trunk, forelimb, and hind limb muscles is largely the same, O’Neill says, so he’s confident the samples are representative across most of the chimp’s musculature. How chimps outmuscle humans 2017-06-26T04:00:00Z Modern whales lack cavities for the hind limbs in their pelvic area. Fossil of oldest known baleen-whale relative unearthed in Peru 2017-05-10T04:00:00Z A pelvis joined their hind limbs to their spines, for example. Researchers Find Fish That Walks the Way Land Vertebrates Do 2016-03-24T04:00:00Z The computer model shows the animal's hind limbs provided "relatively weak thrust", say Dr Smith and co-researchers at the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta, US. 200-year-old fossil mystery resolved - BBC News 2015-12-18T05:00:00Z Knee osteoarthritis was surgically induced in the rodents’ left hind limb after 12 weeks on the diets. Opposite-Sex Siblings Build Confidence in Romance 2015-11-09T05:00:00Z They set out to model a piece of the sensory cortex where information from the hind limb is processed. Rat brain—or a smidgeon of it—is modeled in a computer 2015-10-08T04:00:00Z “I was most amazed by how strongly we inferred that the common ancestor retained hind limbs,” he said. Data Suggests Legs and Toes in Ancestor of Living Snakes 2015-05-19T04:00:00Z A stray dog backing away from its owner “in a palsy of hind limbs.” Anne Enright’s Family Agonies 2015-05-18T04:00:00Z "We conclude that plesiosaurs were forelimb-dominated swimmers that used their hind limbs mainly for manoeuvrability and stability," they report. 200-year-old fossil mystery resolved - BBC News 2015-12-18T05:00:00Z They partially succeeded — causing genital-like buds to form in a chicken embryo — by using the cells that generally form hind limbs. Genitals May Have Formed Like Limbs 2014-11-06T05:00:00Z The feathers on its hind limbs are unusually prominent - suggesting they were actually "hindwings" and played a role in flight, the researchers write. Four-winged dinosaur found in China 2014-07-16T04:00:00Z But Tiktaalik’s enlarged pelvis points to the possibility that hind limbs started to evolve simultaneously and were being used for propulsion. Fossil reveals transitional link from fins to feet 2014-01-13T17:06:24Z Unlike the muscles of the hind limbs, which are made for sustained use, the breast muscles that power a turkey’s wings are built for rapid but brief exertions. In its wild form, that funny looking turkey can fly. Though it won’t get very far. 2013-11-25T19:48:02Z He said he expected further research to “almost certainly yield additional important information about the skull and dentition, the forelimbs and the hind limbs.” Palm-Size Fossil Resets Primates’ Clock, Scientists Say 2013-06-05T18:53:47Z Meijaard observed that the creature seems to have “the suggestion of a membrane between the front and hind limbs”. The mystery mammal of Kayan Mentarang 2013-02-25T15:15:07.977Z The research suggests the animal shuffled on land using hind limb movements similar to that seen in seals rather than moving its limbs in the familiar walking pattern seen today. Ancient walking mystery deepens 2012-05-23T18:48:19Z When contracted in the ordinary way, the lesions are usually first seen in the posterior nasal passages, the larynx or the lungs, or in the superficial lymphatics, especially of the hind limbs. A System of Practical Medicine by American Authors, Vol. I Volume 1: Pathology and General Diseases 2012-03-17T02:00:54.097Z Below the carpal and tarsal joints, the fore and hind limbs correspond almost exactly in structure as well as function. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 13, Slice 6 "Home, Daniel" to "Hortensius, Quintus" 2012-03-15T02:00:32.250Z They climb trees with ease, and during the day hang by their hind limbs, their wing membrane wrapped around them, from the loftier boughs. The Little Gleaner, Vol. X. A Monthly Magazine for the Young 2012-02-03T03:00:20.453Z The thighs and undersurfaces of the hind limbs are golden orange; the belly is yellow, and the throat is cream-colored. A Distributional Study of the Amphibians of the Isthmus of Tehuantepec, Mexico 2011-12-31T03:00:17.400Z After the animal has been killed the hind limbs are detached and skinned; the crural nerves and their attachments to the lumbar vertebrae remaining. Hawkins Electrical Guide, Number One Questions, Answers, & Illustrations, A Progressive Course of Study for Engineers, Electricians, Students and Those Desiring to acquire a Working Knowledge of Electricity and its Applications 2011-12-24T03:07:54.823Z Paralysis of the hind limbs and of the whole body speedily follows, and death ensues in from two to three days. A System of Practical Medicine by American Authors, Vol. I Volume 1: Pathology and General Diseases 2012-03-17T02:00:54.097Z The fore and hind limbs make the same number of steps, and the steps have the same length. Artistic Anatomy of Animals 2011-12-17T03:00:16.893Z "Most dinosaurs had hind limbs that differed significantly from living mammals and birds," he says. Tyrannosaurs Were Power-Walkers 2011-11-07T20:15:07.393Z The hind limbs are marked by dark transverse bands, usually three or four each on the thigh and shank, and two or three on the tarsus. Neotropical Hylid Frogs, Genus Smilisca 2011-10-24T02:00:14.853Z Both of these differ from leprieurii by having pointed snouts, much longer hind limbs, and smooth skin dorsally. A Synopsis of Neotropical Hylid Frogs, Genus Osteocephalus 2011-10-04T02:00:15.227Z The swelling of the lymphatics appears by preference in the lower part of a hind limb, and the first nodules may be near the fetlock or tarsus. A System of Practical Medicine by American Authors, Vol. I Volume 1: Pathology and General Diseases 2012-03-17T02:00:54.097Z We will afterwards point out the differences presented when the hoofs of the fore and hind limbs are compared. Artistic Anatomy of Animals 2011-12-17T03:00:16.893Z According to the new research, the anatomy of the creature’s pelvis and hind limbs shows that walked upright, planting its feet close to the midline of its body. Triassic Crocodile Cousin Walked Like a Dinosaur 2011-05-11T18:19:07Z The hind limbs are marked by dark transverse bands, usually four or five on the thigh, five or six on the shank, and four on the tarsus. Neotropical Hylid Frogs, Genus Smilisca 2011-10-24T02:00:14.853Z When we examined the type on 5 August 1969, the specimen was soft and badly faded to a pale creamy tan with pale brown transverse bars on the hind limbs and spots on the flanks. A Synopsis of Neotropical Hylid Frogs, Genus Osteocephalus 2011-10-04T02:00:15.227Z Lizard-like reptiles walked the earth that were 40 to 60 feet in length and stood 10 to 14 feet high where the massive hind limbs joined the body. North America 2011-05-05T02:00:20.027Z But if there is one part of the skeleton more than another which distinguishes the Mammalia, it is the girdle of bones at the hips which supports the hind limbs. Dragons of the Air An Account of Extinct Flying Reptiles 2011-02-20T03:00:13.067Z The international team found a partial skeleton, including bones of the vertebrae, forelimb, hind limbs, and a partial pelvis. Two-clawed T.rex cousin found 2011-01-25T01:24:18Z Recently metamorphosed young usually are dull olive green above and white below; brown transverse bands are visible on the hind limbs. Neotropical Hylid Frogs, Genus Smilisca 2011-10-24T02:00:14.853Z In the preserved specimen the dorsum of the entire body, including fore and hind limbs, is a light yellow-brown color, which becomes lighter towards the venter. A Synopsis of Neotropical Hylid Frogs, Genus Osteocephalus 2011-10-04T02:00:15.227Z “People rarely think of the role of the hind limbs in landing,” he notes. Frogs Leapt Before They Landed 2010-07-27T15:24:00Z The hind limbs similarly receive air from the abdominal air cell, which supplies the femur and other bones of the leg, the sacrum, and the tail. Dragons of the Air An Account of Extinct Flying Reptiles 2011-02-20T03:00:13.067Z The arteries to the pelvis and hind limbs begin at the bifurcation of the aorta into the two common iliacs. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 2, Slice 6 "Armour Plates" to "Arundel, Earls of" The axilla, groin, anterior and posterior surfaces of the thighs, ventral surfaces of the hind limbs, and webbing on the hands and feet were tomato red. Descriptions of New Hylid Frogs From Mexico and Central America All Boidae possess vestiges of pelvis and hind limbs, appearing externally as claw-like spurs on each side of the vent, but they are so small that they are practically without function in climbing. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 4, Slice 1 "Bisharin" to "Bohea" In most specimens the dorsum is dark olive-brown; in some it is pale olive-tan with dense dark brown mottling on the back and dark transverse bands on the hind limbs. The Amphibians and Reptiles of Michoacán, México It is divided into neck bones, the cervical vertebræ; back bones, the dorsal vertebræ; loin bones, the lumbar vertebræ; the sacrum, or sacral vertebræ, which support the hind limbs; and the tail. Dragons of the Air An Account of Extinct Flying Reptiles 2011-02-20T03:00:13.067Z Mesoptychials, under surfaces of hind limbs, and belly cream-colored; anterior edges of belly scales dark blue; lateral two rows of ventrals on posterior two-thirds of body dark blue having light blue or cream-colored spots. A New Subspecies of Lizard, Cnemidophorus sacki, from Michoacan, Mexico The first three of these differ from pellita in greater size and by having many bands on the hind limbs. Descriptions of New Hylid Frogs From Mexico and Central America The tail is thick and bushy, the feet and legs particularly strong, and there is usually a double dew-claw on each hind limb. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 8, Slice 6 "Dodwell" to "Drama" The coloration resembles that of D. reticulata, but the reticulations are bold and form indistinct bands on the hind limbs. The Amphibians and Reptiles of Michoacán, México The hind limb is exceptionally long in proportion to the back. Dragons of the Air An Account of Extinct Flying Reptiles 2011-02-20T03:00:13.067Z Cavies sometimes have dragging of the hind limbs. The Raising and Care of Guinea Pigs A complete guide to the breeding, feeding, housing, exhibiting and marketing of cavies Ventral surfaces of hind limbs and first toes cream-colored; undersides of other toes and soles of feet brown. Descriptions of Two Species of Frogs, Genus Ptychohyla Studies of American Hylid Frogs, V The tail, pelvis, hind limbs and right forelimb are missing. A New Order of Fishlike Amphibia From the Pennsylvanian of Kansas The specimen has paired transverse stripes on the hind limbs as does H. caprimimus, and is here referred to that species. The Amphibians and Reptiles of Michoacán, México In Rhamphorhynchus the hind limb is relatively much shorter, so that the animal, when on all fours, may have had an appearance not unlike a Bat in similar position. Dragons of the Air An Account of Extinct Flying Reptiles 2011-02-20T03:00:13.067Z Outward direction of the stifles—Abduction of hind limbs.—As an obstacle to parturition, this is rare in cows. Special Report on Diseases of Cattle Though the fore limbs and the hind limbs differ so much in length, yet in galloping they have to keep pace—must take equal strides. Essays: Scientific, Political, & Speculative, Vol. I Universally legless, though some of the boas and pythons have distinct outer rudiments of hind limbs, they are not easily mistaken. Boy Scouts Handbook The First Edition, 1911 In this specimen there is a faint pattern on the hind limbs; otherwise the entire body is creamy white; the eyes are pink. The Amphibians and Reptiles of Michoacán, México The bones of the hind limb are exceptionally interesting. Dragons of the Air An Account of Extinct Flying Reptiles 2011-02-20T03:00:13.067Z The indications for treatment are to return the hind limbs into the body of the womb. Special Report on Diseases of Cattle The result is that at each stride, the angle which the hind limbs describe round their centre of motion is much larger than the angle described by the fore limbs. Essays: Scientific, Political, & Speculative, Vol. I In the hind limb, e is the hind pastern; f, the hock; g, the stifle; and h, the haunch. The Young Lady's Equestrian Manual The ventral surfaces were gray; the hind limbs were distinctly barred with yellow and brown, and the lips were barred with yellow and black. The Amphibians and Reptiles of Michoacán, México The bones of the fore limb, generally, correspond in length with the similar parts of the hind limb. Dragons of the Air An Account of Extinct Flying Reptiles 2011-02-20T03:00:13.067Z This may occur from disease or injury to the posterior part of the spinal cord or from broken back, and in these cases the tail, and perhaps the hind limbs, are liable to be paralyzed. Special Report on Diseases of Cattle But in the European, the greater length and massiveness of the legs have become marked—the fore and hind limbs are more heterogeneous. Essays: Scientific, Political, & Speculative, Vol. I If an antelope has only a front leg broken no living horse can catch it, but with a shattered hind limb my pony could run it down. Across Mongolian Plains A Naturalist's Account of China's 'Great Northwest' When the hind limbs are adpressed, the heels broadly overlap. The Amphibians and Reptiles of Michoacán, México Before 1875, when the first restoration appeared in the Illustrated London News, the legs had been regarded as too short to have supported the animal, standing upon its hind limbs. Dragons of the Air An Account of Extinct Flying Reptiles 2011-02-20T03:00:13.067Z This method being inapplicable, the next resort is to cut off one or both hind limbs at the hip joint. Special Report on Diseases of Cattle Thus Valentin, as quoted by Vrolik, injured the caudal extremity of an embryo, and three days afterwards it produced rudiments of a double pelvis and of double hind limbs. The Variation of Animals and Plants Under Domestication, Volume II (of 2) Both were standing on their hind limbs, and both uttering the strange snuffing noise that had attracted attention to them. Bruin The Grand Bear Hunt In this species the lateral yellow stripe is indistinct and is persistent only in the axilla; the dorsolateral stripes terminate anterior to the hind limbs and are not separated from the tan dorsum. The Amphibians and Reptiles of Michoacán, México Dimorphodon differs from several other Pterodactyles in having the hind limb provided with a fifth outermost short instep bone, to which two toe bones are attached. Dragons of the Air An Account of Extinct Flying Reptiles 2011-02-20T03:00:13.067Z Exposure to wet and cold are often accessory causes, though the low condition, general weakness, and the pressure on the nerves going to the hind limbs are not to be forgotten. Special Report on Diseases of Cattle Then they propel themselves by rapid strokes of the hind limbs, beating the water in a semi-erect position and letting the long rudder-like tail drag behind. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 3, Part 1, Slice 3 "Banks" to "Bassoon" The essential points about "the flying gallop" are that the fore-limbs are fully stretched forward, the hind limbs fully stretched backward, and that the flat surfaces of the hinder hoofs are facing upwards. More Science From an Easy Chair The dorsum in adults is pale grayish brown; there are three irregular chevron-shaped dark marks and a triangular dark brown mark above the insertion of the hind limbs; on the tail are dark brown rings. The Amphibians and Reptiles of Michoacán, México The principal bones of the hind limb appear to be a little shorter; but the scapula and coracoid are slightly larger. Dragons of the Air An Account of Extinct Flying Reptiles 2011-02-20T03:00:13.067Z Deep gutters behind the stalls, into which one or both hind limbs slip unexpectedly, strain the loins and jar the body and womb most injuriously. Special Report on Diseases of Cattle Finish the stuffing of the neck and chest, and coming along the body repeat the same process with the hind limbs as with the fore. Practical Taxidermy A manual of instruction to the amateur in collecting, preserving, and setting up natural history specimens of all kinds. To which is added a chapter upon the pictorial arrangement of museums. With additional instructions in modelling and artistic taxidermy. Whales have lost the hind limbs altogether and developed the forelegs into fingerless flippers, whilst the tail is provided with "flukes" like the fins of a fish's tail in shape, but horizontal instead of vertical. More Science From an Easy Chair The belly and undersurfaces of the tail and hind limbs were pale gray, with or without silvery white flecks; the chin was a cream-color and flecked with silvery white in some specimens. The Amphibians and Reptiles of Michoacán, México The hind limbs are relatively small and relatively short. Dragons of the Air An Account of Extinct Flying Reptiles 2011-02-20T03:00:13.067Z In ill-fed, weak, unthrifty cows palsy of the hind limbs and tail may appear in the last weeks of pregnancy. Special Report on Diseases of Cattle The fore and hind limbs, especially the latter, require very careful modelling. Practical Taxidermy A manual of instruction to the amateur in collecting, preserving, and setting up natural history specimens of all kinds. To which is added a chapter upon the pictorial arrangement of museums. With additional instructions in modelling and artistic taxidermy. They differ from the true seals, especially in the mode in which they use their hind limbs in walking on land. The Sailor's Word-Book An Alphabetical Digest of Nautical Terms, including Some More Especially Military and Scientific, but Useful to Seamen; as well as Archaisms of Early Voyagers, etc. The strange thing about the hind limbs was that, although so large and perfect, they were quite useless. Edge of the Jungle This may be illustrated by reference to the skull, pelvis, hind limb, and the pneumatic condition of the bones. Dragons of the Air An Account of Extinct Flying Reptiles 2011-02-20T03:00:13.067Z The rope is now drawn through the ring until it forms a tight loop, encircling the belly just in front of the hind limbs. Special Report on Diseases of Cattle Moles may be very well mounted by being cut across from one hind limb to the other, just under the tail, skinned out, preserved, and the skin then filled with sand or dry plaster. Practical Taxidermy A manual of instruction to the amateur in collecting, preserving, and setting up natural history specimens of all kinds. To which is added a chapter upon the pictorial arrangement of museums. With additional instructions in modelling and artistic taxidermy. In the late and tardy recoveries a partial paralysis of the hind limbs may last for months. Special Report on Diseases of the Horse Its four hind limbs entirely disappear, and twelve short-forked swimming organs temporarily take their place. Natural Law in the Spiritual World One day, when he got loose, he was detected carrying off the cream-jug from the table, holding it upright with both hands, and trying to move off on his hind limbs. Journeys Through Bookland, Vol. 6 In the case of extra limbs it may be possible to bring them up into the passages after the presenting hind limbs have been removed. Special Report on Diseases of Cattle By a little management of the point of the knife, and by undercutting slightly, you expose the thighs of the hind limbs. Practical Taxidermy A manual of instruction to the amateur in collecting, preserving, and setting up natural history specimens of all kinds. To which is added a chapter upon the pictorial arrangement of museums. With additional instructions in modelling and artistic taxidermy. As it increases it causes awkward, straddling, dragging movement of the hind limbs, or lameness on the affected side. Special Report on Diseases of the Horse The hind limb and its body bones-- pelvic limb and girdle-- are shown in Figure 2. Text Book of Biology, Part 1: Vertebrata It had a largely developed membrane, connecting the fore limbs with the others, and the hind limbs with the tail. The South Sea Whaler The operator now plunges his hand into the womb, seizes the fore or hind limbs, and quickly extracts the calf and gives it to an attendant to convey to a safe place. Special Report on Diseases of Cattle Skin all round it until you come to the return of the fore-arm in precisely the same manner as you have done with the hind limbs. Practical Taxidermy A manual of instruction to the amateur in collecting, preserving, and setting up natural history specimens of all kinds. To which is added a chapter upon the pictorial arrangement of museums. With additional instructions in modelling and artistic taxidermy. The pressure of the distended womb on the nerves and blood vessels of the pelvis, besides conducing to dropsy, occasionally causes cramps of the hind limbs. Special Report on Diseases of the Horse D and D' show the fore and hind limbs, to illustrate their homology. Text Book of Biology, Part 1: Vertebrata It tapered off towards the tail, which was flat, horizontal, and semicircular, without any appearance of hind limbs. On the Banks of the Amazon The hind limbs may shift uneasily, the tail be twisted, the head and eyes turn to the right flank, and the teeth are ground. Special Report on Diseases of Cattle Pull the skin over this, and adjust it so that you may see the places on the wooden backbone where the fore and hind limbs will come. Practical Taxidermy A manual of instruction to the amateur in collecting, preserving, and setting up natural history specimens of all kinds. To which is added a chapter upon the pictorial arrangement of museums. With additional instructions in modelling and artistic taxidermy. The pressure on the nerves of the pelvis is liable to cause paralysis of the hind limbs or of the nerve of sight. Special Report on Diseases of the Horse The blood from the hind limbs either flows by the anterior abdominal vein to the portal vein and liver, or it passes by the renal portal vein to the kidney. Text Book of Biology, Part 1: Vertebrata The serial homology of the fore and hind limbs is explained by the same writer as the result of a similarity in the influences and conditions to which they are exposed. On the Genesis of Species Pressure on the right flank gives manifest pain, causing moaning or grunting, and the hind limbs are moved stiffly, extremely so if the general lining of the abdomen is involved. Special Report on Diseases of Cattle Just as the fore limb can be homologised with the hind limb, so, reasoning by analogy, the skull should be capable of being homologised with the vertebræ. Form and Function A Contribution to the History of Animal Morphology As the period of parturition approaches, the swelling of the udder bespeaks the coming event, the engorgement in exceptional cases extending forward on the lower surface of the abdomen and even into the hind limbs. Special Report on Diseases of the Horse The last three lumbar and the sacral nerves form a sacral plexus, supplying the hind limb. Text Book of Biology, Part 1: Vertebrata The sides of the face and muzzle are pale yellowish, the latter being flesh-coloured; the other portions of the trunk and the lower half of the tibial portion of the hind limbs are maroon. Natural History of the Mammalia of India and Ceylon When the hind limbs are already so jammed into the pelvis that it is impossible to return them, the calf must be sacrificed to save the mother. Special Report on Diseases of Cattle The hind limbs are nine feet in length when extended, about equal to the length of the body and neck, and the bones are massively proportioned. Dinosaurs With Special Reference to the American Museum Collections Amputation of the hind limb.—This may be required when there are extra hind limbs or when the hind limbs are bent forward at hock or hip joint. Special Report on Diseases of the Horse The last three form the sciatic plexus going to the hind limb. Text Book of Biology, Part 1: Vertebrata In walking on land the feet are, in the case of the Otaria or eared seals placed flat on the full sole; the common seals never use their hind limbs on the shore. Natural History of the Mammalia of India and Ceylon Laceration of the roof of this passage is also met with as the result of deviations of the hind limbs and feet upward when the calf lies on its back. Special Report on Diseases of Cattle The fore limbs are reduced indeed to about one-sixth the size of the hind limbs and judging from the size and shape of the foot bones the front legs could not have borne much weight. Dinosaurs With Special Reference to the American Museum Collections The hind limbs having been removed by one or the other of these procedures, the loose skin detached from the pelvis is used as a means of traction and delivery is effected. Special Report on Diseases of the Horse The body is perfectly smooth, and without any projections or inequalities, changing into a horizontal semicircular flat tail, with no appearance whatever of hind limbs. A Book of Natural History Young Folks' Library Volume XIV. Incisors narrow; molars divided into transverse laminæ; pterygoid fossæ short; auditory bullæ usually large; hind limbs very long; tail long and hairy. Natural History of the Mammalia of India and Ceylon To correct the deviation of the hind limb is, however, very difficult, as the limbs themselves are out of reach and can not be used as levers to assist. Special Report on Diseases of Cattle This proved to be the previously unknown hind limb of the great dinosaur Diplodocus. Dinosaurs With Special Reference to the American Museum Collections In case of a monstrosity with extra hind limbs, it may be possible to bring these up into the passage and utilize them for traction. Special Report on Diseases of the Horse Dr. Salomon Müller also states that the Gibbons progress upon the ground by short series of tottering jumps, effected only by the hind limbs, the body being held altogether upright. A Book of Natural History Young Folks' Library Volume XIV. It has just the same general outline, just the same bushy tail, just the same rough arrangement of colours, and just the same expanded parachute-like membrane stretching between the fore and hind limbs. Falling in Love With Other Essays on More Exact Branches of Science As the inflammation increases and extends, the hot, tender udder causes the animal to straddle with its hind limbs, and, when walking, to halt on the limb on that side. Special Report on Diseases of Cattle I have therefore hazarded the view that even some of these enormous dinosaurs were capable of raising themselves on their hind limbs, lightly resting on the middle portion of the tail. Dinosaurs With Special Reference to the American Museum Collections It may, however, be necessary to put hobbles on the hind limbs to prevent the mare from kicking. Special Report on Diseases of the Horse But in the European, the greater length and massiveness of the legs has become very marked—the fore and hind limbs are relatively more heterogeneous. Essays on Education and Kindred Subjects Everyman's Library This animal is a true rodent, which lengthens its leap from branch to branch by means of a fold of skin stretching between its fore and its hind limbs. The Doctrine of Evolution Its Basis and Its Scope There may be uneasy shifting of the hind limbs and twisting of the tail, also frequent lying down and rising, but these symptoms are exceptional. Special Report on Diseases of Cattle The second included most of skull and jaws, backbone, ribs and pelvis and the hind limbs and feet, but not tail. Dinosaurs With Special Reference to the American Museum Collections As the result of inflammation of the udder it may become the seat of an indurated diseased growth, which may go on growing and seriously interfere with the movement of the hind limbs. Special Report on Diseases of the Horse His limbs were like to the trees his men were accustomed to fell, and his hands reminded her of the hind limbs of the mutton. The Man in the Twilight The hind limb has disappeared as an efficient organ, but the significant fact is that small rudiments of hind limbs are present just where corresponding structures are placed in the seal. The Doctrine of Evolution Its Basis and Its Scope They spring from their hind limbs alone, using neither the tail nor the fore limbs. The Illustrated London Reading Book In appearance most of these small dinosaurs must have suggested long-legged bipedal lizards, running and walking on their hind limbs, with the long tail stretched out behind to balance the body. Dinosaurs With Special Reference to the American Museum Collections Spasm of the thigh, or cramp of a hind limb.—This is frequently witnessed in horses that stand on sloping plank floors—generally in cold weather—or it may come on soon after severe exercise. Special Report on Diseases of the Horse And as for birds—why, their fore limbs are turned into wings, to fly with, so that they walk or hop on their hind limbs only, just as we do. Citizen Bird Scenes from Bird-Life in Plain English for Beginners Others, which are still true lizards, have lost the hind limbs, or even all the legs, as in the "blind worms" of England. The Doctrine of Evolution Its Basis and Its Scope On the least alarm they rise on the hind limbs, and bound to a distance with great rapidity. The Illustrated London Reading Book The remaining two-thirds belong to one individual, except for a part of the tail, one shoulder-blade and one hind limb, supplied from another skeleton of the same species. Dinosaurs With Special Reference to the American Museum Collections The gradual and slow development of symptoms of paralysis of one or both hind limbs or certain muscles may lead to a suspicion of spinal tumors. Special Report on Diseases of the Horse Animals that go on their two hind limbs only, like Bird People and House People, are called bipeds. Citizen Bird Scenes from Bird-Life in Plain English for Beginners The "fingers" and "toes" bear nails like ours, again with an exception in the case of the second digits of the hind limbs, which bear claws. The Doctrine of Evolution Its Basis and Its Scope It is a condition observed far more frequently in fore than in hind limbs, and is seen in connection with low heels, more or less obliquity of the wall, and a tendency to contraction. Diseases of the Horse's Foot Notwithstanding their size, they present birdlike characters in the skeleton, esp. in the pelvis and hind limbs. The Gutenberg Webster's Unabridged Dictionary Section D and E The muscles of the limbs or back may be subject to intermittent spasms, or spasmodic tremors; finally, the hind limbs become paralyzed, breathing very difficult, and convulsions supervene, followed by death. Special Report on Diseases of the Horse The plaster keeps on well: she has no power over her hind limbs; but she eats and drinks as well as ever. 23d August.—No change. The Dog Horses that are slightly affected may show this movement of the hind limbs when first exercised. Common Diseases of Farm Animals Their hind limbs, so wonderful in the water, are merely dragged behind the body on land. Within the Deep Cassell's "Eyes and No Eyes" Series, Book VIII. Its hind limbs are those of a bird, except that they have more flesh upon the lowest joints and are covered with this soft down. Across the Zodiac In an inflammation of the iliac arteries we find coldness and excessive lameness or paralysis of one or both hind limbs. Special Report on Diseases of the Horse A dog is often brought to the veterinary surgeon, with no apparent disease about him except a staggering walk from weakness of the hind limbs. The Dog Crooked hind limbs, small hocks and quarters that are heavily muscled are predisposing factors. Common Diseases of Farm Animals The first section of the stem is supported by a single strong bone—the humerus in the fore, the femur in the hind limb. The Evolution of Man — Volume 2 I found in one place a whole hind limb of a rhinoceros, the bones of which were still in their true relative position. The Antiquity of Man This affection may attack a wound on any part of the horse's body, while, apart from wounds, it is most frequent about the head and the hind limbs. Special Report on Diseases of the Horse His hind limbs were dragged after him; he rapidly lost flesh, and his howlings were fearful and continuous. The Dog The preventive treatment consists in hobbling the hind limbs of a horse that kicks in the stable. Common Diseases of Farm Animals Another time, when he got loose, he was detected carrying off the cream-jug from the table, holding it upright with both hands, and trying to move off on his hind limbs. The Naturalist in Nicaragua The farthest back of these was a creature with four toes on the front limb and three on the hind limb. Life and Letters of Thomas Henry Huxley — Volume 2 They consist of a general nervous disorder with staggering, swaying gait, especially in the hind limbs. Special Report on Diseases of the Horse Contrast the small fore limbs, used only for grasping, with the powerful hind limbs on which the animal stalked about. The Elements of Geology Large animals may be placed in swings if they are able to support a part of their weight on the hind limbs. Common Diseases of Farm Animals Soc. of Cambridge' November 25, 1872 the case of a cow with three well developed toes on each hind limb, besides the ordinary rudiments; and her calf by an ordinary bull had extra digits. The Variation of Animals and Plants under Domestication — Volume 1 PELVIS.—The bony arch to which the hind limbs of vertebrate animals are articulated. The Origin of Species by means of Natural Selection, 6th Edition When the paralysis of the hind limbs starts to appear the disease usually progresses rapidly. Special Report on Diseases of the Horse Walking on its three-toed hind limbs, its head would be fourteen or fifteen feet from the ground. The Story of Evolution This condition involves the heavy gluteal muscles and may occur as a complication of azoturia, or a lameness of the hind limb that is usually due to a spavin. Common Diseases of Farm Animals After travelling a short distance it is noticed to sweat more freely than ordinarily, breathe rapidly, lag and go lame, usually in the hind limbs. Common Diseases of Farm Animals Nodules and ulcers may form on the skin over the inferior wall of the abdomen and the inside of the hind limbs and are known as "farcy buds." Common Diseases of Farm Animals In the hind limb are the regions of the pelvis, haunch, thigh, leg and hind-foot. Common Diseases of Farm Animals
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