| 单词 | gonad |
| 例句 | The hunch here was that a person’s gonads would orchestrate sexual development, especially at puberty. Middlesex: A Novel 2002-06-05T00:00:00Z “My Greek heart is too big. My American one is still composed of delicate halves. They call them gonads. ” Native Speaker 1995-01-01T00:00:00Z I understood that both these things grew out of the same fetal gonad, but that didn’t matter. Middlesex: A Novel 2002-06-05T00:00:00Z “Actually, the gonads,” adds Coach, “where it breeds eggs.” Black Brother, Black Brother 2020-03-03T00:00:00Z Sublethal levels of the chemical halt cell division in the gonads. Silent Spring 1962-09-27T00:00:00Z Obviously, then, there is little basis for the hope or belief that the gonads of any organism are shielded from chemicals in the environment. Silent Spring 1962-09-27T00:00:00Z So in the jungle Dorries may be chewing gonads but she is losing "the battle of the swimsuit" next to a Pussycat Doll half her age. By going on I'm A Celebrity, Nadine Dorries confirms how deluded she is 2012-11-14T20:00:01Z I HAD never heard the word “gonads” mentioned from a church pulpit. This Life: Can Gary Chapman Save Your Marriage?--This Life 2011-11-19T14:00:08Z Mr. Shubin reveals what happens to the gill arches evident in human embryos, why some gonads travel and others do not, and how a gene called “sonic hedgehog” determines the shape of fingers and fins. | Television: The Journey to Humanity 2014-04-04T20:21:24Z Over the centuries, many substances have been rumored to be the perfect food to perk up the gonads, tickle the lady parts and spice up the bedroom activity. Which of these 8 so-called aphrodisiacs is the real deal? 2015-08-18T04:00:00Z Sure, some people might find urchin gonads an acquired taste. This trendy ingredient has become the foie gras of the sea 2018-02-26T05:00:00Z Or better yet, sack the actors and replace them with two giant sets of fake gonads. Fragile masculinity: why no one in the Fast and Furious films can lose a fight 2019-08-02T04:00:00Z A Strictly Come Dancing in which everyone was a brilliant waltzer or an I'm A Celebrity where all the campers chomped on kangaroo gonads as if they were cupcakes would rapidly lose viewers. Viewers must bear some responsibility over Brian Conley in I'm a Celebrity 2012-11-21T19:15:55Z I felt the same sense here, just waiting for whatever twist was coming to kick me in the gonads. Master of None: Aziz Ansari makes a sitcom with soul 2015-11-06T05:00:00Z An informal survey of friends suggests that many Londoners believe their mayor still works in the Norman Foster-designed lopsided egg near Tower Bridge that the former mayor Boris Johnson christened the “glass gonad.” A Journey Across London on the Elizabeth Line 2023-05-30T04:00:00Z They wondered if IL-17 might play a role in their gonad findings, and sure enough, blocking IL-17 with an antibody mimicked all of the effects seen with the probiotic. Yogurt-eating mice found to have larger testicles 2014-02-06T13:45:00Z With commentary from food celebrities like Andrew Zimmern and chefs like Kyle Connaughton, it follows the gourmand’s taste, from ancient times to the present, for the pentagonal gonads of the spiny creatures. Sea Urchins Star in This Food Film 2020-05-11T04:00:00Z Some even retain their stomach contents and gonads. 505-Million-Year-Old Jellyfish Fossils May Be the Oldest Ever Found 2023-08-01T04:00:00Z As an infant, her gonads were removed, which she considers a castration. In ‘Every Body,’ a galvanizing moment — and celebration — for the intersex community 2023-06-22T04:00:00Z Serial hermaphroditism, where the gonad can switch from producing sperm to ova, may also be seen in some species. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z They do not normally affect sexual characteristics and may supplement sex hormones released from the gonads. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z They do not affect sexual characteristics and may supplement sex hormones released from the gonads. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z During puberty and most of adulthood, androgens are produced in the gonads. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z Surgery unshackled me from my body’s urges, but the destruction of my gonads introduced a different type of bondage. Opinion | What I wish I’d known when I was 19 and had sex reassignment surgery 2022-04-11T04:00:00Z The gonads are formed from the gastrodermis and gametes are expelled through the mouth. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z The gonads produce steroid hormones, including testosterone in males and estrogen and progesterone in females. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z An increase in gonad hormone production then inhibits gonadotropin-releasing hormone production. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z A few examples of endocrine glands include the anterior pituitary, thymus, adrenal cortex, and gonads. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z “Nobody should be able to walk up and kick a handcuffed person in the gonads, call him racial slurs and be handed his badge and gun,” he said. WA panel now will consider past offenses when deciding whether to take an officer’s badge 2022-03-30T04:00:00Z A looped digestive system, multiple pairs of excretory organs, many gills, and a pair of gonads are present in these animals. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z Serial hermaphroditism, in which the gonad can switch from producing sperm to ova, is also found in some crustacean species. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z An increase in gonad hormone production then inhibits gonadotropin-releasing hormone production. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z The endocrine glands that produce the steroid hormones, such as the gonads and adrenal cortex, arise from the mesoderm. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z These germ cells then migrate to the chicken’s gonads and become sex cells. In a conservation first, a cloned ferret could help save her species 2022-01-13T05:00:00Z That’s right — manliness goes straight for the gonads, in a way that angry women, since the dawn of time, could only have imagined. Opinion | Men want to have vasectomies now? What took them so long? 2021-12-28T05:00:00Z The endocrine glands include the pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal glands, gonads, pineal, and pancreas. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z Cholesterol is mainly synthesized in the liver and is the precursor to many steroid hormones such as testosterone and estradiol, which are secreted by the gonads and endocrine glands. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z The development of the reproductive systems begins soon after fertilization of the egg, with primordial gonads beginning to develop approximately one month after conception. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z A study she co-authored in 2017 examined fish from the Niagara River and found the highest bioaccumulation of antidepressants occurred in the fishes' brains, followed by their livers, muscles and gonads. What happens to wildlife swimming in a sea of our drug residues? 2021-08-17T04:00:00Z The cycles, and lag times, are evident in hormones released by the thyroid, liver, adrenal cortex and gonads, directed by the pituitary gland in the brain. Hormone Highs and Lows Follow a Seasonal Pattern 2021-05-26T04:00:00Z Testosterone causes the primitive gonads to differentiate into male sexual organs. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z Regulation requires the action of several hormones produced by the pituitary gland, the adrenal cortex, and the gonads. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z In both male and female embryos, the same group of cells has the potential to develop into either the male or female gonads; this tissue is considered bipotential. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z GUYnecology: The Missing Science of Men's Reproductive Health, by Yale sociologist Rene Almeling, asks why medicine has failed to fully probe “the male gonad,” as one scientist put it, and its role in human reproduction. It's Time to Take the Penis off Its Pedestal 2021-02-12T05:00:00Z “Ants are biting the driver’s gonads, and he stays on the track anyway,” Mr. Lamm said. Endurance Racing With Cars That Belong in a Demolition Derby 2020-09-03T04:00:00Z The cells that eventually set up shop in the gonads start far away from their target early in an embryo’s development. Cells Solve an English Hedge Maze with the Same Skills They Use to Traverse the Body 2020-08-28T04:00:00Z An increase in gonad hormone levels inhibits GnRH production through a negative feedback loop. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z For more information and a figure of differentiation of the gonads, seek additional content on fetal development. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z Now, you might not need to be convinced that language is passed, as Pinker says, from people’s mouths, not their gonads. Were French People Born to Speak French? 2020-08-06T04:00:00Z One snicker led to another, and soon photos and literal cartoons of the cartoonish Mr. T were declaring his insistent passion for male gonads on a Web page. What's in a meme? A brief history of what Salon thinks memes are 2020-03-08T05:00:00Z This reveals previously unknown connections to the intestine, epidermis and male gonad that will surely inspire new ideas about worm physiology and metabolism. Neural networks mapped in both sexes of the worm 2019-07-02T04:00:00Z These include the heart, kidneys, intestines, thymus, gonads, and adipose tissue. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z The second change in sensitivity is an increase in sensitivity of the gonads to the FSH and LH signals, meaning the gonads of adults are more responsive to gonadotropins than are the gonads of children. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z The hermaphrodite has 302 neurons, which connect to 132 muscles and 26 other spots, such as the gut, gonads and skin. Worm Wiring Diagram May Help Us Understand Our Own Nervous System 2019-07-03T04:00:00Z But SRY is not a simple on/off switch, it’s a precisely timed start signal, the first chord of the “male gonad” symphony. Stop Using Phony Science to Justify Transphobia 2019-06-13T04:00:00Z Red urchins, larger than purple urchins, are commercially viable because people eat them — or more specifically, their gonads. California’s Underwater Forests Are Being Eaten by the ‘Cockroaches of the Ocean’ 2018-10-22T04:00:00Z Gonadotropin-releasing hormone decreases production of follicle stimulating hormone, which decreases hormone production in the gonads. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Organs called gonads produce the gametes, along with the hormones that regulate human reproduction. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z Various hypotheses have been proposed, including the idea that dangling gonads are a way to signal virility and good health, but none are satisfactory. The Evolutionary Origin of Descending Testicles 2018-06-29T04:00:00Z Without that first chord, the embryo will play a different symphony: female gonads, or something in between. Stop Using Phony Science to Justify Transphobia 2019-06-13T04:00:00Z With the specimen, though, “we have RNA, a skeleton, gonads, tissues in cryogenic storage.” Opinion | The Ornithologist the Internet Called a Murderer 2018-06-15T04:00:00Z Gonadotropin-releasing hormone decreases production of luteinizing hormone, which decreases hormone production in the gonads. an increase in gonad hormone production then inhibits gonadotropin-releasing hormone production. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Identify the changes in sensitivity that occur in the hypothalamus, pituitary, and gonads as a boy or girl approaches puberty. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z The spiders’ gonads are in their legs — and so are their guts. Breathe Deep: How the Antarctic Sea Spider Gets Oxygen 2018-05-28T04:00:00Z Early during an embryo’s development, the germ cells — which are basically the cellular grandparents or great grandparents of sperm — travel to the nascent gonads. Transplanted testicles will always make the donor’s sperm 2018-04-26T04:00:00Z Pearlfish go inside the sea cucumbers’ butt and eat their gonads. Birds don’t fart, neither do sloths, and other secrets of #DoesItFart 2018-03-31T04:00:00Z The beefier gonads allow for more sperm production, all the better for spreading their genes. This Animal Grows a Temporary 'Mohawk' to Impress Females 2018-03-24T04:00:00Z The tiny worm has only 959 cells as an adult, yet it has a gut, a nervous system, gonads and a repertoire of behaviours to move, feed and reproduce. John Sulston (1942–2018) 2018-03-18T04:00:00Z We are looking at the activity of every gene actively transcribed in the reproductive axis — the hypothalamus in the brain, the pituitary gland and the gonads — in response to stress. Technology to watch in 2018 2018-01-23T05:00:00Z In the past, researchers cut open juvenile turtles to inspect their gonads. Climate change is turning 99 percent of these baby sea turtles female 2018-01-08T05:00:00Z After gently steering each turtle to shore, they took DNA and blood samples, and made tiny incisions to inspect turtle gonads. 99% of These Sea Turtles Are Turning Female—Here’s Why 2018-01-08T05:00:00Z In decades past, fisheries scientists would catch fish and cut open their gonads. Biologists record the machine-gun sound of the loudest known fish 2017-12-19T05:00:00Z The birds might also feed selectively on certain parts of jellies, like their gonads, which are rich in fats and proteins. Who’s eating jellyfish? Penguins, that’s who 2017-11-24T05:00:00Z “Their gonads are in the legs, and the females store eggs in their legs.” Underwater 'Spider' Breathes Through Its Legs 2017-07-10T04:00:00Z The court approved a request by Carla's parents to surgically remove male gonads inside her body. Australian court approves intersex child's surgery - BBC News 2016-12-07T05:00:00Z You then take a complete cell which contains both male and female chromosomes — all of our cells do, apart from the gonads. Dolly at 20: The inside story on the world’s most famous sheep 2016-06-28T04:00:00Z “One of the things I’m going to suggest once he starts sampling fish again is that he collect the gonads and that we take a look,” Vogelbein said. Sexual oddities plague bass in Chesapeake Bay tributaries 2016-03-12T05:00:00Z “What you do is you insert a small part of a nucleus into the gonad of a live oyster,” says Paul Birch, general manager of Willie Creek Pearl Farm. 'It’s not for everyone': the hot, dangerous work behind the lustre of the world's best pearls 2016-01-02T05:00:00Z CB1 is found predominantly in the nervous system, but also in connective tissues, gonads, glands and organs; CB2 is mainly found in the immune system. Drug development: The treasure chest : Nature : Nature Publishing Group 2015-09-22T04:00:00Z I cheated a bit and read an interpretation that says these final moments represent the last descent of the gonads, in which gender is determined. Matthew Barney's Cremaster Cycle: 9 hours of 'challenging' art on film 2015-07-14T04:00:00Z Aurelia, also called the moon jellyfish, are incredibly common and easily identified by the four crescent-shaped gonads on their umbrellas. Jellyfish "Gooeyness" Could Be a Model for Self-Healing Robots 2015-06-24T04:00:00Z We wanted guys with gonads who could handle the situation. An oral history of USA at Italia '90: the World Cup that changed US soccer 2015-06-10T04:00:00Z Secondly, some animal studies have some that various pesticides can cause an increase in rates of apoptosis, or programmed cell death, in the gonads, leading to fewer sperm being produced. Pesticides on Vegetables and Fruit Linked to Lower Sperm Counts 2015-03-30T04:00:00Z These discoveries have pointed to a complex process of sex determination, in which the identity of the gonad emerges from a contest between two opposing networks of gene activity. Sex redefined 2015-02-17T05:00:00Z They show signs of endocrine disruption, tumor formation and malformed gonads. There Are 270,000 Tons of Plastic Garbage Floating Atop the World’s Oceans The animals simply release their eggs and sperm into the water, a process known as broadcast spawning; before this happens, their gonads may account for 40 percent of the sea star’s weight. In search of the starfish killer: The quest to save the original keystone species 2014-11-18T05:00:00Z That may explain the absurd size of the gonads of the male mouse lemur, seen above. Why killing babies makes testicles grow 2014-11-13T05:00:00Z However, many genes are known to encode poorly conserved, short polypeptides, including genes specific to the male gonad and accessory gland. Diversity and dynamics of the Drosophila transcriptome : Nature : Nature Publishing Group 2014-03-15T04:00:00Z If the gonad becomes an ovary, it makes oestrogen, and the lack of testosterone causes the male plumbing to wither. Sex redefined 2015-02-17T05:00:00Z "This would cause leakage of material from one compartment to another, and this could directly hurt them." Another possibility, he said, is that the sperm damage delicate body structures outside of the gonad, like neurons. Scientists discover 'killer' roundworm sperm 2014-07-29T04:00:00Z The genetically engineered germ cells integrate into the embryo; into its gonads, to be specific. The Mammoth Cometh 2014-02-27T10:00:19Z This prevents the process of masculinizing the gonads and the brain. Touching a Nerve: Exploring the Implications of the Self as Brain, Part 2 [Excerpt] 2013-07-27T13:45:00.477Z It is surprising enough that someone invented prosthetic gonads to alleviate the 'anguish' of castrated dogs. Summer books 2013-07-11T15:50:23.720Z Studies in mice suggest that the gonad teeters between being male and female throughout life, its identity requiring constant maintenance. Sex redefined 2015-02-17T05:00:00Z Each fragment develops a new head or tail, with each part forming a full set of gonads. If an earthworm loses its head, will it grow another? 2013-06-03T21:20:43Z Hope that the germ cell will migrate into the gonads of the developing chick. Beware the Frog Zombie Clones: The Science and Ethics of Raising the Dead 2013-04-12T17:49:26Z What are the causal origins of this mismatch of gonads and brain? Touching a Nerve: Exploring the Implications of the Self as Brain, Part 2 [Excerpt] 2013-07-27T13:45:00.477Z "You and you," he mouthed, pointing, gesturing to them that they had their gonads somewhere in their throat, the cowards. Celta's children are all heart, but lose their heads to create 'total disaster' 2013-03-18T14:33:23Z Gene mutations affecting gonad development can result in a person with XY chromosomes developing typically female characteristics, whereas alterations in hormone signalling can cause XX individuals to develop along male lines. Sex redefined 2015-02-17T05:00:00Z Using a slim opening in the side of the shell, they insert a tiny piece of Mississippi freshwater clam into the oyster's gonad. Pearlers past and present in Australian town 2012-09-09T23:50:46Z By the time a man turns 40, on the other hand, his gonad cells will have divided 610 times to make spermatozoa. Opinion: Why Fathers Really Matter 2012-09-08T21:03:01Z A person who is genetically XY with male gonads and a typical male body may not feel at all right as a man. Touching a Nerve: Exploring the Implications of the Self as Brain, Part 2 [Excerpt] 2013-07-27T13:45:00.477Z Their gonads and more: thrusting his hips up against the metal barrier, grabbing at his crotch, he called for them to come and kiss it. Celta's children are all heart, but lose their heads to create 'total disaster' 2013-03-18T14:33:23Z The gonad is not the only source of diversity in sex. Sex redefined 2015-02-17T05:00:00Z Which, as previously mentioned, are mainly the gonads and the central nervous system. The bacteria that make insects eat their own brains 2012-09-02T16:15:07.377Z Another theory holds that aging gonad cells are more error-prone because the parts of the DNA that should have spotted and repaired any mistakes have been epigenetically tamped down. Opinion: Why Fathers Really Matter 2012-09-08T21:03:01Z A moon jelly has four such organs, called gonads, which sit below its stomach. What Would It Take To Really Build An Artificial Jellyfish? 2012-07-25T20:45:00.237Z Transplanting gonads back into the tilapia—even into nonsense locations such as the fish's back—allowed the animals to grow again. ScienceShot: All Hail the Gonads 2012-06-28T23:08:00Z A number of DSDs are caused by changes in the machinery that responds to hormonal signals from the gonads and other glands. Sex redefined 2015-02-17T05:00:00Z He probably won't get a third chance because senior clerk Billy is going to rip his gonads off before he allows him to jeopardise chambers' income further. TV review: Jimmy and the Giant Supermarket; Silk; Prince Charles: The Royal Restoration 2012-05-29T21:00:01Z In guinea-pigs which have been repeatedly intoxicated with alcohol, Stockard found that while he could detect no visible abnormality in the gonad, nevertheless their defective and weakened progeny showed that the germ-cells had been affected. Being Well-Born An Introduction to Eugenics 2012-05-22T15:16:53.140Z Theoretically, one could try to engineer functional gonads onto a medusoid, but that would not accomplish much. What Would It Take To Really Build An Artificial Jellyfish? 2012-07-25T20:45:00.237Z The variation I mentioned before, where irregularity is regular in adolescence, is because the feedback loop between the brain and the gonads is priming and developing in this period, and this takes time. Why We Shouldn't Prescribe Hormonal Contraception to 12 Year Olds 2012-04-27T18:45:02.973Z Genes with accelerated rates of evolution along the gorilla lineage are most enriched for a number of developmental terms, including ear, hair follicle, gonad and brain development, and sensory perception of sound. Insights into hominid evolution from the gorilla genome sequence 2012-03-07T18:21:00.777Z The gonads, as in other Arthropoda, are hollow saccular organs, the cavity communicating with the efferent ducts. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 7, Slice 7 "Crocoite" to "Cuba" 2012-01-22T03:00:24.397Z In individuals who have recently taken alcohol the proportion of alcohol in the gonads is soon almost equal to the amount found in the blood. Being Well-Born An Introduction to Eugenics 2012-05-22T15:16:53.140Z Just as the evidence is increasingly strong that it is good for your brain, muscles, mitochondria and gonads. Well Blog: Phys Ed: The Year in Fitness 2011-12-28T05:01:14Z Even so, the season was late at the time when we were on the island and most of the birds were molting; it is possible their gonads had been enlarged earlier in the season. Vertebrates from the Barrier Island of Tamaulipas, M?xico 2011-11-15T03:00:17.973Z Stomachs and gonads were removed and preserved by standard techniques soon after specimens were killed. Natural History of the Ornate Box Turtle, Terrapene ornata ornata Agassiz 2011-10-01T02:00:30.200Z This is shown by the labial commissure and pedal cords of the nervous system, by the opening of the gonad into the right kidney, and by other points. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 11, Slice 5 "Gassendi, Pierre" to "Geocentric" 2011-09-02T02:00:20.450Z Possibly this flagellate was a parasite rather than a commensal, as the individual on which it swarmed was unusually emaciated and colourless, and bore neither gonads nor buds. Freshwater Sponges, Hydroids & Polyzoa 2011-06-25T02:00:17.833Z Presumably breeding had already occurred; four specimens had inactive gonads. Summer Birds From the Yucatan Peninsula 2011-06-21T02:00:27.783Z The gonads of these birds were not in full breeding condition, but it is highly probable that the birds were members of a population that had bred in the area. Vertebrates from the Barrier Island of Tamaulipas, M?xico 2011-11-15T03:00:17.973Z The dates given to gonads were, in all instances, the dates when the specimens were killed. Natural History of the Ornate Box Turtle, Terrapene ornata ornata Agassiz 2011-10-01T02:00:30.200Z The gonad has no accessory organs and except in Neritidae no duct, but discharges into the right kidney. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 11, Slice 5 "Gassendi, Pierre" to "Geocentric" 2011-09-02T02:00:20.450Z But the real reason for a teenager's transformation from angel to monster mainly lies way north of the gonads. Risk rush 2011-05-19T07:24:34Z The species was abundant around the cenotes at Chichén-Itzá; adults with enlarged gonads and brood patches and juveniles were taken at Pisté as late as July 21. Summer Birds From the Yucatan Peninsula 2011-06-21T02:00:27.783Z Like the shark our gonads also start life high up, near the liver. Descended from fish 2011-05-05T08:16:40Z Sexual maturity was determined by examination of gonads. Natural History of the Ornate Box Turtle, Terrapene ornata ornata Agassiz 2011-10-01T02:00:30.200Z This fact led Cuvier erroneously to the belief that a duct existed leading from the gonad to this papilla. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 11, Slice 5 "Gassendi, Pierre" to "Geocentric" 2011-09-02T02:00:20.450Z He was a fine albino of the soul, No pigment in his genesis to give Color to hair or eyes, he had no gonads.” Domesday Book 2011-04-30T02:00:13.397Z All specimens had thick layers of subcutaneous and visceral fat and their gonads were small and seemingly inactive. Summer Birds From the Yucatan Peninsula 2011-06-21T02:00:27.783Z By the time they reached 8 months, or their early 60s in human terms, the animals were extremely frail and decrepit, with spindly muscles, shrunken brains, enlarged hearts, shriveled gonads and patchy, graying fur. Well: Can Exercise Keep You Young? 2011-03-02T05:02:35Z Scientists discovered numerous parasite-like growths on the female, which when dissected, contained male gonads. Ugly animals need love, too 2011-02-18T14:15:00.253Z The coelomic fluid contains as a rule both amoeboid and rounded corpuscles, and, when ripe, the products of the gonads. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 8, Slice 10 "Echinoderma" to "Edward" 2011-01-19T03:00:19.027Z Hydra.Hydra showing gonads.Starfish egg—fertilized and unfertilized. A Guide for the Study of Animals 2011-01-18T03:00:14.913Z No young Cave Swallows were taken and gonads of adults were in various stages of reproductive activity. Summer Birds From the Yucatan Peninsula 2011-06-21T02:00:27.783Z While Dr. Tarnopolsky, a lifelong athlete, noted with satisfaction that active, aged mice kept their hair, his younger graduate students were far more interested in the animals’ robust gonads. Well: Can Exercise Keep You Young? 2011-03-02T05:02:35Z Although sand dollars are closely related, they are not harvested as a food product, partly because their gonads are considerably smaller. | Sand Dollars 2011-01-09T04:50:01Z The reproductive 98 organs or gonads are borne on the mesenteries, the germinal cells being derived from the inner layer or endoderm. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 2, Slice 2 "Anjar" to "Apollo" Because recaptured frogs were not sacrificed to determine the state of their gonads, the minimum time required to attain sexual maturity was not definitely determined. Field Study of Kansas Ant-Eating Frog Gonads and Gonad Ducts.—The gonads and their ducts in the Hirudinea invariably form a closed system of cavities entirely shut off from the coelom in which they lie. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 5, Slice 7 "Cerargyrite" to "Charing Cross" The gonad itself appears to represent a single median or bilateral organ. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 5, Slice 6 "Celtes, Konrad" to "Ceramics" The gonads of most of the adults taken from that time on appeared to be regressing from breeding condition, and several immatures were taken also, suggesting that the breeding season was over. Birds from North Borneo University of Kansas Publications, Museum of Natural History, Volume 17, No. 8, pp. 377-433, October 27, 1966 The gonad is transversely wrinkled and lies between the aorta and the intestine, extending from the pericardium to the anterior end of the body. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 6, Slice 2 "Chicago, University of" to "Chiton" Both male and female gonads consist of more or less lobulated hollow sacs connected with the epidermis by short ducts. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 3, Part 1, Slice 2 "Baconthorpe" to "Bankruptcy" The gonad ducts are male and female, and open opposite to or, rarely, alongside of the gonads, whose products they convey to the exterior. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 5, Slice 7 "Cerargyrite" to "Charing Cross" The gonad develops from the wall of the coelom. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 5, Slice 6 "Celtes, Konrad" to "Ceramics" The bodily peculiarities of each sex, as distinguished from the sex-glands or gonads themselves, are known as secondary sex characters. Taboo and Genetics A Study of the Biological, Sociological and Psychological Foundation of the Family The gonads are paired and hermaphrodite, they form a pair of anterior prolongations of the pericardium, extending nearly to the anterior end of the body. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 6, Slice 2 "Chicago, University of" to "Chiton" The exceptions among the Mammalia still more tend to prove the close correspondence between the 'impulsive' mode of progression and the dislocation of the male gonads. Hormones and Heredity To this category belong certain sacs and pouches in many, perhaps most, genera of the Oligochaeta family, Eudrilidae, and possibly the gonad ducts in the Hirudinea. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 5, Slice 7 "Cerargyrite" to "Charing Cross" With the advent of the gonads upon the scene, judgments become the centre of the play's plot undoubtedly. The Glands Regulating Personality The chief advances were the formation of gonads and nephridia, and of the rudimentary brain. The Evolution of Man — Volume 2 The gonads originate by proliferation of the anterior wall of the pericardium. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 6, Slice 2 "Chicago, University of" to "Chiton" The left and larger gonad had a quite similar structure, but at its lower end were found two ova enclosed within a follicular epithelium. Hormones and Heredity Nephridia sometimes of the type of those of the Oligochaeta; in other cases short, wide tubes with a large funnel serving also entirely or in part as gonad ducts. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 5, Slice 7 "Cerargyrite" to "Charing Cross" Mumps may achieve the same results because of the inflammation of the gonads that may accompany or follow it. The Glands Regulating Personality Both kinds of cells pass first into the mantle-cavity after the opening of the gonads, proceed through the gill-clefts into the branchial gut, and are discharged from this through the mouth. The Evolution of Man — Volume 2 The chief difference is that the gonad or generative portion of the coelom is single and median, opening into the pericardium by a single posterior aperture. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 6, Slice 2 "Chicago, University of" to "Chiton" With regard to the last case it is to be remarked that though the gonad on the right side was entirely male, there was no unilateral development of male characters. Hormones and Heredity It is possible that we have here gonad ducts distinct from nephridia which at the time of sexual maturity do open on to the exterior. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 5, Slice 7 "Cerargyrite" to "Charing Cross" An increased or decreased representation of it in the reproductive sex cells in the gonads. The Glands Regulating Personality As regards the remaining organs of the Amphioxus, we need only mention that the gonads or sexual glands are developed very late, immediately out of the inner cell-layer of the body-cavity. The Evolution of Man — Volume 2 In the craniota we always find only one pair of gonads; in the amphioxus several pairs, arranged in succession. The Evolution of Man — Volume 1 In Lepidoptera among insects the evidence concerning castration tends to prove that hormones from the gonads play no part at all in the development of somatic sexual characters. Hormones and Heredity In these and other Chaetopods the coelom is also put into indirect relations with the outside world by the nephridia and by the gonad ducts. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 5, Slice 7 "Cerargyrite" to "Charing Cross" These traits appear only when the hormones occur which are present in one sex and that only when the gonads of that sex are mature. The Glands Regulating Personality Among the Capitellidae, which in several respects resemble the Oligochaeta, wide and short gonad ducts coexist in the same segments with nephridia, the latter being narrower and longer. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 5, Slice 7 "Cerargyrite" to "Charing Cross" These segmental pairs of gonads are the original ventral halves of the coelom-pouches. The Evolution of Man — Volume 1 At the same time there are some somatic sex-characters, e.g. in insects and birds, which do not appear to be correlated with changes in the gonads, and which are probably gametogenic, not somatogenic in origin. Hormones and Heredity To this category will belong the oviducts in Teleostean fishes and probably the gonad ducts in several groups of invertebrates. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 5, Slice 7 "Cerargyrite" to "Charing Cross" Removal of the thymus hastens the development of the gonads. The Glands Regulating Personality In the earthworms, for instance, we have, in every individual developed from a zygote, ova and spermatozoa developing in different gonads in different parts of the body. Hormones and Heredity This cenogenetic process is so old that the cavity seems to be unsegmented from the first in all the craniotes, and the rudiment of the gonads also is almost always unsegmented. The Evolution of Man — Volume 1 The gonads are not actually penetrated, at least in some cases, by the fibrous processes of the parasite, but nevertheless they are atrophied and almost disappear. Hormones and Heredity The gonads are, moreover, limited and fixed in numbers, and are practically invariably attached to the intersegmental septa, usually to the front septum of a segment, more rarely to the posterior septum. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 5, Slice 7 "Cerargyrite" to "Charing Cross" The masculine personality, the combination of masculine, e.g., adrenal cortex and gonad internal secretion predominance, is built for aggression. The Glands Regulating Personality The male's attitude, aggressive pursuit, is instigated by the compound adrenal and gonad endocrines. The Glands Regulating Personality The gonads are the most important segmental organs of the hyposoma, in the sense that they are phylogenetically the oldest. The Evolution of Man — Volume 1 This seems to imply a serious misunderstanding of the idea of the action of the hormones from the gonads and of hormones in general. Hormones and Heredity These cavities communicate with the exterior through the gonad ducts, which have nothing to do with them, but whose coelomic funnels are taken up by them in the course of their growth. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 5, Slice 7 "Cerargyrite" to "Charing Cross" When there is equilibrium between the pituitary and the gonads, the teeth will be regular in shape and position. The Glands Regulating Personality The female's various emulsions of coyness and display are motivated by posterior pituitary and gonad hormones in alliance. The Glands Regulating Personality On the other hand, the ventral parts give rise, from their uppermost section, to the pronephridia or primitive-kidney canals, and from the lower to the segmental rudiments of the sexual glands or gonads. The Evolution of Man — Volume 1 There was a gonad on each side, that of the right about one-fourth the size of that on the left. Hormones and Heredity Their position varies, but is constant for the species, and they are rarely found behind the gonads. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 5, Slice 7 "Cerargyrite" to "Charing Cross" The problem of rejuvenation is the problem of recharging, or replacing all of the glands of internal secretion, at least the most important, the thyroid, the pituitary and the adrenals, as well as the gonads. The Glands Regulating Personality A classic example of a gland of internal secretion lodged in the interstices of a gland of external secretion is thus furnished by the gonads. The Glands Regulating Personality In the amphioxus each of the former makes a muscular pouch, and each of the latter a sex-pouch or gonad. The Evolution of Man — Volume 1 Even in these cases the moth when developed showed the original characters of the sex to which belonged the caterpillar from which it came, although it was carrying a gonad of the opposite sex. Hormones and Heredity Among the simpler Chaetopoda the coelom retains the character of a series of paired chambers, showing the above relations to the exterior and to the gonads. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 5, Slice 7 "Cerargyrite" to "Charing Cross" This fact, together with a number of others, make clear that while the gonads may be the jeune premier of the drama, the vitality of the plot depends upon the other endocrines. The Glands Regulating Personality These so-called secondary sexual characteristics are an expression of the influence of the internal secretion of the gonads, or the interstitial glands. The Glands Regulating Personality As a fact, the articulation is by no means chiefly determined and caused by the skeleton, but by the muscular system and the segmental arrangement of the kidneys and gonads. The Evolution of Man — Volume 1 This seems so very improbable that it suggests a doubt whether the same investigator was not mistaken with regard to the results of his experiments in transplanting gonads in Moths. Hormones and Heredity To this pericardial coelom is frequently added a gonocoel enclosing the gonads and the funnels of their ducts. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 5, Slice 7 "Cerargyrite" to "Charing Cross" They may be rather gonad unstable with a corresponding instability of the entire endocrine system. The Glands Regulating Personality Others will show an intense curiosity spontaneously, a curiosity which perhaps may be explained as a larval precocity, dependent upon the minimum of sex hormone production by the gonads. The Glands Regulating Personality The endocrine criteria, more exact and concrete, divide them into the adrenal centered, the thyroid centered, the thymus centered, the pituitary centered, the gonad centered, and their combinations. The Glands Regulating Personality The subject of the influence of hormones from the gonads is mentioned, but not fully discussed, in a volume by Dr. Jacques Loeb, entitles The Organism as a Whole. Hormones and Heredity It seems that the posterior nephridia are mainly gonad ducts, and the gonads are developed in close association with the funnels. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 5, Slice 7 "Cerargyrite" to "Charing Cross" But others display signs of sex differentiation that are to be traced back to an awakening interstitial gonad action. The Glands Regulating Personality |
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