| 单词 | glucoside |
| 例句 | Known to scientists as amygdalin, the toxin is a type of chemical compound called a cyanogenic glucoside. The Bitter Truth: Scientists Sequence the Almond Genome 2019-06-13T04:00:00Z The plant turned out to contain cyanogenic glucoside, a precursor to cyanide. Three minutes with Hans Rosling will change your mind about the world A glucoside extracted from bitter almonds as a white, crystalline substance. Webster's Unabridged Dictionary 2012-03-24T02:00:23.513Z A group may also be made to include the cyanogenetic glucosides, i.e. those containing prussic acid. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 12, Slice 2 "Gloss" to "Gordon, Charles George" 2011-10-31T02:00:28.703Z The bitter principle, known as gentianin, is a glucoside, soluble in water and alcohol. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 11, Slice 5 "Gassendi, Pierre" to "Geocentric" 2011-09-02T02:00:20.450Z When the glucosides are hydrolyzed, they yield glucose and the hydroxyl compound of the radical with which it is united. The Chemistry of Plant Life It may be mentioned incidentally that the colouring-matter of the indigo plant also exists as a glucoside in the plant. Coal and What We Get from It Digitalis contains four important glucosides, of which three are cardiac stimulants. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 8, Slice 4 "Diameter" to "Dinarchus" The most important cyanogenetic glucoside is amygdalin, which occurs in bitter almonds. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 12, Slice 2 "Gloss" to "Gordon, Charles George" 2011-10-31T02:00:28.703Z Amongst the latter, the vegetable poisons of known constitution, alkaloids, glucosides, &c., are to be placed. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 3, Part 1, Slice 2 "Baconthorpe" to "Bankruptcy" But when many difficultly oxidizable substances, such as chloral, camphor, turpentine oil, aniline, etc., are introduced into the body, the organism has the power of combining these with glucose to form glucosides. The Chemistry of Plant Life W. Young isolated a glucoside, migarrhin, similar to saponin, but possessing the additional property of dilating the pupil. The Medicinal Plants of the Philippines The seeds contain abundantly a demulcent oil, whilst the petals furnish a glucoside which is colourless unless treated with alkalies, when it becomes of a golden yellow. Herbal Simples Approved for Modern Uses of Cure Much attention has been given to the non-sugar parts of the molecules; the constitutions of many have been determined, and the compounds synthesized; and in some cases the preparation of the synthetic glucoside effected. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 12, Slice 2 "Gloss" to "Gordon, Charles George" 2011-10-31T02:00:28.703Z Contains the glucoside digitalin and other active principles. Aids to Forensic Medicine and Toxicology Strictly speaking, the term glucoside should be applied only to such compounds as contain glucose as the characteristic basic group. The Chemistry of Plant Life Heckel and Schlagdenhauffen have confirmed the febrifuge virtues of the seeds and are uncertain as to the active principle since they found no glucoside or alkaloid in their analysis. The Medicinal Plants of the Philippines The plant contains "ononin," a chemical glucoside, which is demulcent to the urinary organs. Herbal Simples Approved for Modern Uses of Cure Classification of the glucosides is a matter of some difficulty. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 12, Slice 2 "Gloss" to "Gordon, Charles George" 2011-10-31T02:00:28.703Z The rind of lemon when fresh, besides the oil above mentioned, contains a bitter crystalline glucoside. Mother's Remedies Over One Thousand Tried and Tested Remedies from Mothers of the United States and Canada The different organic constituents of glucosides are of a great variety of types, such as phenols, alcohols, aldehydes, acids, oxyflavone derivatives, mustard oils, etc. The Chemistry of Plant Life Alcohol dissolves the active principle, perhaps a glucoside, the study of which the author has not completed. The Medicinal Plants of the Philippines Chemically, it contains an acrid fixed oil, and a yellow glucoside. Herbal Simples Approved for Modern Uses of Cure Saponarin, a glucoside found in Saponaria officinalis, is a related compound. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 12, Slice 2 "Gloss" to "Gordon, Charles George" 2011-10-31T02:00:28.703Z Saponin belongs to a class of substances called glucosides. Scientific American Supplement, No. 623, December 10, 1887 In most cases, the glucoside is easily hydrolyzed by an enzyme which occurs in the same plant tissue, but in different cells than those which contain the glucoside. The Chemistry of Plant Life It is a glucoside and exists in the form of yellow needles, soluble in alcohol and in cold water, insoluble in ether; dissolves in alkalies producing an orange-red color. The Medicinal Plants of the Philippines Its properties are due to the presence of a glucoside known as Morindin, which is compounded from glucose and probably a trioxy-methyl-anthraquinone. The Project Gutenberg Encyclopedia Volume 1 of 28 Several other glucosides of this nature have been isolated. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 12, Slice 2 "Gloss" to "Gordon, Charles George" 2011-10-31T02:00:28.703Z This may be considered as the first appearance of a real glucoside, if tannin be excluded from the list. Scientific American Supplement, No. 623, December 10, 1887 Injury to the tissues, germination processes, and perhaps other physiological activities of the cells, result in bringing the enzyme in contact with the glucoside and the hydrolysis of the latter takes place. The Chemistry of Plant Life Digitonin, C54H92O28, constitutes about one-half of the total glucosides in the extract which is obtained from most species of the digitalis plants. The Chemistry of Plant Life The saponins constitute a group of glucosides which are widely distributed in plants, whose properties have been known since early Grecian times. The Chemistry of Plant Life The cyanophoric glucosides, the pigment glucosides, the mustard oil glucosides, and the saponins, for example, can hardly be assumed to have the same definite relationships to the metabolism and growth of the plant. The Chemistry of Plant Life Alkaloids and glucosides have not yet been discovered in them. Scientific American Supplement, No. 623, December 10, 1887 However, two enzymes, namely, the emulsin of almond kernels, and myrosin of black mustard seeds, each hydrolyze a considerable number of glucosides. The Chemistry of Plant Life Injury to the plant tissue seems to be a necessary preliminary to the functioning of the active components of the glucoside, except in the case of the seeds. The Chemistry of Plant Life This leads naturally to the supposition that at least some of these glucosides are protective or curative agents in the plant tissues. The Chemistry of Plant Life This observation has led to the supposition that many of the organic constituents of glucosides are definite plant stimulants, to which the name "hormones" has been applied. The Chemistry of Plant Life According to M. Perrey,44 it seems that the power of a plant to direct the distribution of its carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen to form complex glucosides is indicative of its higher functions and developments. Scientific American Supplement, No. 623, December 10, 1887 The blue dye, indigo, is derived from a glucoside of an entirely different type, known as indican. The Chemistry of Plant Life The abnormally large percentages of glucosides which are present in certain species of plants during unfavorable climatic conditions lends some support to this view. The Chemistry of Plant Life Finally, it may be assumed that easily oxidizable substances, such as aldehydes and acids, are possibly protected against too rapid, or premature, oxidation by being transformed into glucosides. The Chemistry of Plant Life The bitter taste of glucosides and their almost universal presence in the bark of plants undoubtedly helps to prevent the destructive gnawing of the bark by animals. The Chemistry of Plant Life Tannins are either free phenol-acids or, more commonly, glucosides of these acids. The Chemistry of Plant Life Several glucosides which yield hydrocyanic acid as one of the products of their hydrolysis are of common occurrence in plants. The Chemistry of Plant Life Many of the common members of this group have been mentioned in the chapter dealing with the glucosides. The Chemistry of Plant Life It is noteworthy, however, that no nitrogenous groups of the protein type have been found combined with sugars in glucosides. The Chemistry of Plant Life Under proper conditions of hydrolysis, one or more of the saccharide groups can be removed from such compounds, resulting in glucosides of simpler structure. The Chemistry of Plant Life All natural glucosides are hydrolyzed into a sugar and another organic residue by boiling with mineral acids; although they vary widely in the ease with which this hydrolysis is brought about. The Chemistry of Plant Life In other words, amygdalin is a true glucoside rather than a maltoside. The Chemistry of Plant Life A large number of such enzymes have been found in plants, many of which hydrolyze only a single glucoside. The Chemistry of Plant Life As a rule, glucosides are easily soluble in water. The Chemistry of Plant Life The glucosides, after extraction and purification by recrystallization, are generally colorless, crystalline solids, having a bitter taste and levorotatory optical activity. The Chemistry of Plant Life Many of the natural glucosides have marked therapeutic properties and are largely used as medicines; others are the mother-substances for brilliant dyes; for example, indican, from which indigo is obtained, and the alizarin glucosides. The Chemistry of Plant Life The seeds of several species of plants of the Cruciferæ or mustard family contain glucosides in which the other characteristic group is a sulfur-containing compound. The Chemistry of Plant Life Several hundred different glucosides have been isolated from plant tissues, and their properties described, and this number is being added to constantly, as the methods of isolation and study are improved. The Chemistry of Plant Life The structural arrangement of the oxy-cumarin groups which are found in these glucosides is shown in the following formulas. The Chemistry of Plant Life Many, if not all, of the red, yellow, violet, and blue pigments of plants either exist as, or are derived from, glucosides. The Chemistry of Plant Life These are generally spoken of as the "cyanogenetic" glucosides; but as they do not actually produce cyanogen compounds, but only liberate them when hydrolyzed, the recently suggested term "cyanophore" undoubtedly more correctly indicates their properties. The Chemistry of Plant Life These glucosides yield "mustard oils" when they are hydrolyzed by the enzyme myrosin, which accompanies them in the plant. The Chemistry of Plant Life Amygdalin was first discovered in 1830, and was one of the first substances to be recognized as a glucoside. The Chemistry of Plant Life The more toxic forms of these glucosides are known as "sapotoxins." The Chemistry of Plant Life Sarsaparilla, the dried root of smilax plants, contains a mixture of non-poisonous saponins, from which at least four individual glucosides have been isolated and studied. The Chemistry of Plant Life It is scarcely conceivable that substances which vary so widely in composition as do the different types of glucosides can possibly all have similar physiological uses in plants. The Chemistry of Plant Life The following glucosides, found in the seeds of white and black mustard, are the best-known representatives of this class. The Chemistry of Plant Life The following mono-carboxyl acid derivatives of these phenols are, however, found both free and in glucoside formation as constituents of many of the common tannins. The Chemistry of Plant Life |
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