| 单词 | gens |
| 例句 | Grandfather stands in his box, backed by the rest of the family, reminding everyone here that one of the Empire's most powerful gens has seen a son graduate today. An Ember in the Ashes 2015-04-28T00:00:00Z “You’re a traitor to your gens, girl,” Grandfather says, the only man in the Empire brave enough to refer to my mother as a girl. An Ember in the Ashes 2015-04-28T00:00:00Z For me, as for many first gens, a college degree was transformative. Is College Merely Helping Those Who Need Help Least? 2019-09-11T04:00:00Z Byrd responded to Campion’s death musically, both in his setting of the Jesuit Henry Walpole’s “Why do I use my paper, ink, and pen?” and in the highly symbolic “Deus venerunt gentes.” William Byrd: An Essential English Composer for Four Centuries 2023-07-04T04:00:00Z The gens de couleur libres, on the other hand, interpreted the revolutionary rhetoric of liberty to mean the extension of equal rights to all free people regardless of race. World History: from 1400 2022-12-14T00:00:00Z This is home to 300 travellers - a Gypsy community, described in French as gitanes or gens de voyages. The Gypsy mayor planning to tear down Gypsy homes 2019-03-16T04:00:00Z Certainly there are affluent parents who never went to college, punching holes in the idea that first gens are by definition disadvantaged. Are You First Gen? Depends on Who’s Asking 2017-11-03T04:00:00Z The millennial tranche of the liberal left wing demands the height of political correctness and social fairness from the films, TV, books, politicians and celebrities that have been foisted upon us by those older gens. Millennials self-police speech all the time, and that’s no bad thing | Phoebe-Jane Boyd 2016-03-11T05:00:00Z Legitimate companies and the Associated Locksmiths of America, however, have been howling about lead gens since they first started popping up in the early 2000s. Fake Online Locksmiths May Be Out to Pick Your Pocket, Too 2016-01-30T05:00:00Z The conflict between Whites and gens de couleur libres exploded in 1791, after Haiti’s White population refused to acknowledge the citizenship rights that France had extended to wealthy people of color. World History: from 1400 2022-12-14T00:00:00Z The police action on Thursday against people known in French as “gens du voyage” follows similar raids in recent days on camps around Paris and Lyon. Hollande Shuts Down Camps and Seeks Relocation for Roma 2012-08-10T05:19:59Z It will select 240 first gens to attend for free all four years; they will receive a computer, books and travel between semesters at no cost. Are You First Gen? Depends on Who’s Asking 2017-11-03T04:00:00Z Members of that great gens filled one-half of the chairs in the University. Lord Kelvin An account of his scientific life and work 2012-04-06T02:00:32.097Z To fight lead gens, Google deploys a little-known army of volunteers, called Mappers, many of whom are engaged in a contest that takes wit and stamina. Fake Online Locksmiths May Be Out to Pick Your Pocket, Too 2016-01-30T05:00:00Z Thus, the Haitian Revolution did not bring lasting equality for all, but it did remove racial inequalities even though the gens de couleur libres brought an element of race into their views. World History: from 1400 2022-12-14T00:00:00Z One of these was the burial-place of the Julian gens, with which the centurion who had charge of the prisoners was in some way connected. Walks in Rome 2012-03-31T02:00:36.010Z The two mounted gens d'armes, who usually attend the courier at night, joined us as we began to ascend the Appenines. Pencillings by the Way Written During Some Years of Residence and Travel in Europe 2012-03-19T02:00:26.650Z There are other natural influences binding men together besides those which form the close unities of the family, gens, tribe, or clan. Hegel's Philosophy of Mind 2012-03-07T03:00:14.327Z Recently, I sent Google the ad for 24hourlocksmithsanjose, as well as a screen shot of the fake Locksmith Force building and the names of about 20 other locksmiths that appeared to be lead gens. Fake Online Locksmiths May Be Out to Pick Your Pocket, Too 2016-01-30T05:00:00Z Principles of social equality, moreover, remained incomplete when former gens de couleur libres adopted the roles of the former plantation owners at the top of the social hierarchy. World History: from 1400 2022-12-14T00:00:00Z The party is very nearly worn out among the gens comme il faut. Paris and the Parisians in 1835 (Vol. 1 of 2) 2012-02-29T03:00:23.930Z While the Flibustiers called each other "brothers of the coast," the Buccaneers were included in the generic term "gens de la c�t�," and in time the names of Buccaneer and Flibustier were used indiscriminately. The Monarchs of the Main, Volume I (of 3) Or, Adventures of the Buccaneers 2012-01-23T03:00:11.530Z The curiosity excited by her adventures with the northern police, and her conversations, à coups de cravache, with the Prussian gens d’armes, has not been satisfied, it must be admitted. Lola Montez An Adventuress of the 'Forties 2012-01-08T03:00:19.240Z These operations, known as lead generators, or lead gens for short, keep a group of poorly trained subcontractors on call. Fake Online Locksmiths May Be Out to Pick Your Pocket, Too 2016-01-30T05:00:00Z He issued his commands and it was for the gens du m�tier to give practical effect to them. Oscar Wilde 2011-12-10T03:00:14.120Z At sunset we started homeward, the carriages all open, the gens d'armes galloping, the dust playing a thousand solid antics, and writing hieroglyphics of movement all over our garments and faces. From the Oak to the Olive A Plain record of a Pleasant Journey 2011-11-26T03:00:12.337Z From causes not entirely clear, but which we discuss in Chapter XLVIII, there gradually evolves a widespread form of sex relationship of primitive man, the system of the "gens," as it is called. The Book of Life 2011-11-25T03:00:13.343Z "Take this man away, said he to the gens d'armes, and do not let him speak a word to the prisoner." The International Monthly, Volume 4, No. 4, November 1, 1851 2011-11-03T02:00:15.113Z The goal of lead gens is to wrest as much money as possible from every customer, according to lawsuits. Fake Online Locksmiths May Be Out to Pick Your Pocket, Too 2016-01-30T05:00:00Z Yet each family knew to what gens it belonged, observed its rites, and obeyed strictly the rule of exogamy. Villages of the Algonquian, Siouan, and Caddoan Tribes West of the Mississippi 2011-11-02T02:00:10.087Z The Peloponnesus will not have them, and the peasants, who elsewhere aid the brigands, here aid the gens d'armes. From the Oak to the Olive A Plain record of a Pleasant Journey 2011-11-26T03:00:12.337Z In primitive communism a man is not permitted to enter into the sex relationship with a woman of the same gens, but with all the women of some other gens. The Book of Life 2011-11-25T03:00:13.343Z First a body of consanguinei grows into a gens; after a while, neighboring gentes of the same stock-language form a tribe; then neighboring tribes, as some of the Iroquois and Aztecs, form a confederacy. The Brothers' War 2011-11-01T02:00:24.007Z Lead gens have their deepest roots in locksmithing, but the model has migrated to an array of services, including garage door repair, carpet cleaning, moving and home security. Fake Online Locksmiths May Be Out to Pick Your Pocket, Too 2016-01-30T05:00:00Z The curi� were subdivided into gentes, or clans, and each gens consisted of several families, called gentiles; so that a man of family and a member of the gentes, became somewhat synonymous. The Comic History of Rome 2011-10-09T02:00:24.507Z Bismarck confesses that his doubts as to the wisdom of this legislation were raised by the picture of heavy but honest gens d’armes pursuing light-footed priests from house to house. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 11, Slice 8 "Germany" to "Gibson, William" 2011-10-05T02:00:17.763Z These people were divided into three clans or gentes, each named for a certain animal, and each governing a town or castle of its own. The Life and Times of Kateri Tekakwitha The Lily of the Mohawks 2011-09-16T02:00:21.817Z A number of the people of the Court, seizing the occasion, joined themselves to her, in order to profit by her gens d'armes and light riders. Louis XIV and La Grande Mademoiselle 1652-1693 2011-09-14T02:00:48.383Z Advertisement But the company is still too easily tricked into listing lead gens, high up, even after years of redesigns and algorithm adjustments, critics say. Fake Online Locksmiths May Be Out to Pick Your Pocket, Too 2016-01-30T05:00:00Z There existed at this time a gens in Rome which had managed to obtain such a share of power for itself, that it was generally recognised as the governing family. The Comic History of Rome 2011-10-09T02:00:24.507Z In post-Augustan Latin gentilis became wider in meaning, following the usage of gens, in the sense of race, nation, and meant “national,” belonging to the same race. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 11, Slice 5 "Gassendi, Pierre" to "Geocentric" 2011-09-02T02:00:20.450Z It seems more like the return of a tribe or gens to its own special locality. Wild Life in a Southern County 2011-08-04T02:00:27.037Z The other tribes were divided into bands, or gentes, but these divisions have almost been forgotten. Pawnee Hero Stories and Folk-Tales With notes on the origin, customs and character of the Pawnee people 2011-08-02T02:00:20.603Z The difference between people like Mr. Baldino and locksmiths sent by lead gens is not just a physical storefront; excellent locksmiths work out of cars and vans, too. Fake Online Locksmiths May Be Out to Pick Your Pocket, Too 2016-01-30T05:00:00Z From here derived the original families whose chiefs became the Roman patricians and formed the nucleus of the Roman Senate—the so-called gentes. Rome 2011-07-24T02:00:10.227Z The Fabian gens was one of the oldest and most distinguished patrician families of Rome. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 10, Slice 1 "Evangelical Church Conference" to "Fairbairn, Sir William" 2011-07-16T02:00:16.387Z The members of such a gens must in that case be closely related. Wild Life in a Southern County 2011-08-04T02:00:27.037Z He calls exogamy “the gentile organization,” though, in point of fact, the only gentes we know, the Roman gentes, show scarcely a trace of exogamy. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 10, Slice 2 "Fairbanks, Erastus" to "Fens" 2011-06-19T02:00:16.580Z Many of the locksmith lead gens are run by Israelis, and Avi learned their modus operandi by working for them. Fake Online Locksmiths May Be Out to Pick Your Pocket, Too 2016-01-30T05:00:00Z These gentes usually bore the name of some animal; thus the Oneida gentes were the wolf, bear, and turtle. American Indians 2011-04-21T02:00:55.200Z I accepted nothing, I declined nothing, but the gens d'arme who dwells in our bosom, to whom I had not listened for so long, asserted himself. Withered Leaves. Vol. I. (of III) A Novel 2011-02-25T03:01:10.707Z "O les braves gens!" exclaimed he.—But what an agony I endured all this time! A Wife's Duty A Tale 2011-02-17T03:00:19.313Z Failing an agnate, a member of the gens of the dead man is to inherit. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 10, Slice 2 "Fairbanks, Erastus" to "Fens" 2011-06-19T02:00:16.580Z To understand how lead gens game Google’s algorithm, you need to know a bit about how a company’s address winds up in Google’s results, and how those results can be fraudulently altered. Fake Online Locksmiths May Be Out to Pick Your Pocket, Too 2016-01-30T05:00:00Z Each member of the council watched with care to see that his gens got all its rights and was not imposed upon by others. American Indians 2011-04-21T02:00:55.200Z Some races which are endogamous as regards the tribe are exogamous as regards the gens. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 9, Slice 3 "Electrostatics" to "Engis" 2011-02-06T03:00:53.093Z But he spoke to Mr. and Mrs. Rincer with that sort of good nature with which a young prince addresses his father's subjects; never dreaming that those "bonnes gens" were his equals in life. A History of Pendennis, Volume 1 His fortunes and misfortunes, his friends and his greatest enemy 2011-01-13T03:01:13.027Z Mr. Sarkozy also vowed to break up the illegal camps of “gens du voyage,” known as travelers in Britain, who are French nationals moving about the country in caravans, with no fixed address. Expulsion of Roma Raises Questions in France 2010-08-19T22:51:00Z But the circumstance which must have absolutely determined his choice was the claim which the Julian gens made to be directly descended from Iulus, Aeneas, and the goddess Venus. The Roman Poets of the Augustan Age: Virgil There were three gentes among the Mohawks, three among the Oneidas, and eight in each of the other three tribes. American Indians 2011-04-21T02:00:55.200Z ANTONIUS, the name of a large number of prominent citizens of ancient Rome, of the gens Antonia. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 2, Slice 2 "Anjar" to "Apollo" It is a common complaint of contemporaries, that in the streets and societies of Berlin people were not secure from the insults of the gens d'armes, who were the �lite of the young nobility. Pictures of German Life in the XVIIIth and XIXth Centuries, Vol. II. What Goldoni had to endure from this gens irritabilis, from their rancour, vapours, caprices, stolid and open opposition to his reform, is told with much good nature and sense of fun in his Memoirs. The Comedies of Carlo Goldoni edited with an introduction by Helen Zimmern He was a member of the Thunder gens of the Sauk tribe, and, though neither an hereditary nor an elected chief, was for some time the recognized war leader of the Sauk and Foxes. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 4, Slice 1 "Bisharin" to "Bohea" The people belonging to a gens were called by the gens name. American Indians 2011-04-21T02:00:55.200Z In the time of Cicero the nature of the gens is a matter but dimly understood. Custom and Myth New Edition Other persons who had the cognomen Catullus belonged to the Valerian gens, e.g. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 5, Slice 5 "Cat" to "Celt" The first attempt to form a state broke up the gentes by dividing their members against one another and opposing a privileged class to a class of disowned belonging to two different branches of production. The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State The governmental organization of the Indians was not understood, and the names for gentes, tribes, and confederacies were confounded. 3d. First Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution 1879-1880, Government Printing Office 1881 Each tribe was ruled by a council which contained members elected from each gens. American Indians 2011-04-21T02:00:55.200Z In very early times it is probable that foreign gentes were adopted en bloc into the Roman Commonwealth. Custom and Myth New Edition An indeterminate number of these gentes, whose members dwelt together and were under common obligation to assist one another, composed the tribe. Women of America Woman: In all ages and in all countries Vol. 10 (of 10) A great many citizens of Athens did not belong to any gens. The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State A Parisian by birth, and his family belonged to the class of gens de robe. The Makers of Canada: Index and Dictionary of Canadian History Each gens had one or more councillors, according to its size and importance. American Indians 2011-04-21T02:00:55.200Z In the laws of the Twelve Tables, the gens is a powerful and respected corporation. Custom and Myth New Edition There were also "phratries," or religious brotherhoods, composed of smaller groups of the gentes; but these need not here be considered. Women of America Woman: In all ages and in all countries Vol. 10 (of 10) In his new constitution, Kleisthenes ignored the four old tribes founded on the gentes and phratries. The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State Caius was the last male representative of the Julian gens, and at his death the Senate debated the question of restoring the republic. A History of Rome to 565 A. D. Such groups of related persons are called gentes; the singular of the word is gens. American Indians 2011-04-21T02:00:55.200Z Thus we may infer that in Greek and Roman society the γένος and gens were dying, not growing, organisations. Custom and Myth New Edition The gens was autonomic, at least to all practical ends; it selected its own chieftain and decided all matters relating to questions of property or blood-vengeance when these concerned its own members. Women of America Woman: In all ages and in all countries Vol. 10 (of 10) The Roman gens is recognized as an institution identical with the Grecian gens. The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State This time he did not stop to enlist the pity of the gens d'armes, but defended himself with all his might and made desperate efforts to get free: he was thrown down, however, and manacled. Black Forest Village Stories We must be careful, too, to discriminate between the tribe and the clan, or gens, for all savage tribes are exogamous with respect to the clans and endogamous with respect to the tribes. Oriental Women Were the gentes really of different stocks, as their names would imply and as the people believed? Custom and Myth New Edition Each gens was represented in the council of the tribe, which council selected the tribal chief. Women of America Woman: In all ages and in all countries Vol. 10 (of 10) Paternal law being already in force in the Roman the same as in the Grecian gens, the offspring of female lineage were excluded. The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State He was now forwarded from circuit to circuit by the hands of the gens d'armes. Black Forest Village Stories She was of the great Claudian gens; and no member of that powerful family ever lived so quietly as not to be the subject of discourse in Rome. Roman Women Are there any traces at all of totemism in what we know of the Roman gentes? Custom and Myth New Edition The woman herself rarely had anything to say in the matter; sometimes the selection of a wife for a warrior was undertaken by the whole gens, or at least a committee thereof. Women of America Woman: In all ages and in all countries Vol. 10 (of 10) So far as we know anything of the public meeting in the lower stage of barbarism, viz., among the American Indians, it was only held by gentes, not by tribes or leagues of tribes. The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State That same evening the squire came, with a beadle and a gens d'armes, to arrest him. Black Forest Village Stories Let the body be watched by six gens d'armes till night; then let it be carried behind the wall to the churchyard, and there silently interred. Specimens of German Romance Vol. I. The Patricians This is still the Hindoo rule, and, if the Romans really might not at one time marry within the gens, it was the Roman rule. Custom and Myth New Edition Moreover, in the tribes wherein prevailed the theory of maternal descent, the children did not look upon the father as a relative; he was not of their gens, and they owed him no duties whatever. Women of America Woman: In all ages and in all countries Vol. 10 (of 10) Nor could any division of a tribe or gens into different classes take place. The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State In Tenos each gens was known as ‘a tower,’ and each individual bore the name of his tower and his gens.” The Fundamental Principles of Old and New World Civilizations The gens d’armes entered, and carried him speechless, and lifeless out of the theatre. Why a National Literature Cannot Flourish in the United States of North America The gens had its own sacellum or chapel, and its own sacra or religious rites. Custom and Myth New Edition Members of one gens could not intermarry; and, most important of all to our present purpose, it was by the female line that descent was traced and that property descended. Women of America Woman: In all ages and in all countries Vol. 10 (of 10) Thucydides expressly refers to the old basileia as patrikê, that is "derived from the gens," and states that it had well defined functions. The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State Eight clans or gentes composed the Huron people and were found in different proportions in all the tribes. The Fundamental Principles of Old and New World Civilizations CLAUDIUS, the name of a famous Roman gens. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 6, Slice 4 "Cincinnatus" to "Cleruchy" The whole gens occasionally went into mourning when one of its members was unfortunate. Custom and Myth New Edition The functionaries and proprietors of Gogol's works are "petites gens," and the civic pathos of Chatsky aims at certain individuals and not at the national institutions. Contemporary Russian Novelists Still even now a citizen of Athens was not allowed to sell his residence outside of his gens, although he could do so with plots of land. The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State Mr. Hale tells us that, amongst the “Five Nations,” the tradition exists that the confederacy was originally divided into “seven tribes,” each of which was composed of 2×4=8 gentes or clans. The Fundamental Principles of Old and New World Civilizations The following members of the gens deserve particular mention. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 6, Slice 4 "Cincinnatus" to "Cleruchy" On the whole, the evidence which we have adduced tends to establish some links between the ancient γένος and gens, and the totem kindreds of savages. Custom and Myth New Edition Each gens was ruled by chiefs of two grades, distinguished by Morgan as the sachem and common chiefs. The Position of Woman in Primitive Society A Study of the Matriarchy Such were the constitutional rights of a Roman gens. The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State Huron confederacy=seven tribes, quadriform city, 2×4=8 gentes, p. The Fundamental Principles of Old and New World Civilizations He was the first of the gens who bore this surname. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 6, Slice 4 "Cincinnatus" to "Cleruchy" We have seen the gens an odd, decaying institution. Custom and Myth New Edition The mothers and their children, as we have seen, were of the same gens, and to them the household belonged. The Position of Woman in Primitive Society A Study of the Matriarchy And we have proofs that for a long time the women found it much more difficult to marry outside than inside of the gens. The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State “In Teos the towns inhabited by a ‘gens’ were divided into at least seven quarters.... The Fundamental Principles of Old and New World Civilizations So far as any principle of “greatest good” remained in evidence, it applied solely to the members of one’s own community, or even to one’s particular phratry or gens. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 6, Slice 4 "Cincinnatus" to "Cleruchy" Plutarch also remarks that, in times past, Romans did not marry συγγενίδας, and if we may render this ‘women of the same gens,’ the exogamous prohibition in Rome was as complete as among the Hindoos. Custom and Myth New Edition In 1790 they were living in small houses, placed in clusters of from four to eight together; and each cluster forming a gens or clan, who ate and lived in common. The Position of Woman in Primitive Society A Study of the Matriarchy Without a doubt Fecenia, a freed slave, here obtains permission to marry outside of the gens. The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State Of one family, of the plebeian Claudian gens, only a single member, Gaius Claudius Cicero, tribune in 454 B.C., is known. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 6, Slice 3 "Chitral" to "Cincinnati" The gens; the tribe; the confederacy; chieftainship; monarchy; theocracy; democracy, etc. b. Anthropology As a Science and as a Branch of University Education in the United States Turning from Rome to Greece, we find the γένος less regarded and more decadent than the gens. Custom and Myth New Edition The tribe was an assemblage of the gentes. The Position of Woman in Primitive Society A Study of the Matriarchy Ten gentes, we said, formed a phratry, named curia. The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State One might even have supposed that poetry would run—as other things have run—in families, making the ‘bards’ almost a gens, or class, by themselves. By-ways in Book-land Short Essays on Literary Subjects This was an account of the braves gens with whom he had been boarding. The Works of Robert Louis Stevenson - Swanston Edition Vol. 20 (of 25) The evidence from the gens of Rome, or γένος of ancient Greece, in connection with Totemism. Custom and Myth New Edition The sachem was the official head of the gens, and was elected by its adult members, male and female. The Position of Woman in Primitive Society A Study of the Matriarchy As for the woman and her relation to the gens of her husband, it is he who by an act of his own free will—the marriage—introduced her into his gens. The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State The design of the city on the seven hills is the design of the eternal city, and the devotion of the gens Fabia announces the Roman legion. The Origins and Destiny of Imperial Britain Nineteenth Century Europe The gens de petit estat, the councillors of humble origin, with which the king surrounded himself, and who served him so well, were also a source of offence to these proud nobles. Paris from the Earliest Period to the Present Day; Volume 1 To the present writer it seems that no existing community of men, neither totem kin, nor clan, nor house community, nor gotra, precisely answers to the gens or the γένος. Custom and Myth New Edition Under such a system individual rule or the power of one gens over the other became impossible. The Position of Woman in Primitive Society A Study of the Matriarchy In short, the matter appears simple and obvious, as soon as we discard the absurd conception of an endogamous Roman gens and accept Morgan's originally exogamous gens. The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State But with the decay of the paternal gentes and the decline of their significance, conditions shaped themselves more favorably for woman. Woman under socialism As the family becomes stronger and is known as a gens, it represents a close, compact organization, looking after its own interests, and with definite customs concerning its own government. History of Human Society Very probably, too, a great family, on entering the Roman bond, may have assumed, by a fiction, the character and name of a gens. Custom and Myth New Edition All the members of the different gentes were personally free; equal in privileges, and in position, and in rights. The Position of Woman in Primitive Society A Study of the Matriarchy The curiae and the gentes composing them now were degraded to mere private and religious congregations, analogous to their Attic prototypes, and as such they vegetated on for a long time. The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State As in Greece and Rome, the German gens went to pieces with the rise of private property and the development of industries and trade, and through the commingling with members of strange tribes and peoples. Woman under socialism There were the gentes, tribes, and phratries, or brotherhoods, that still existed, and the individual entered the state in civil capacity through his family. History of Human Society But that Roman society in historical times, or that Greek society, could evolve a new gens or γένος in a normal natural way, seems excessively improbable. Custom and Myth New Edition In each gens there is a small council composed of four women, called yu-waí-yu-wá-na; chosen by the heads of the household. The Position of Woman in Primitive Society A Study of the Matriarchy If there was a common German term for gens, it was presumably the Gothic kuni. The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State But in the gens also did they, under given circumstances, command a strong regiment:—woe to the man who was either too lazy or too unskilled to contribute his share to the common support. Woman under socialism When the family grew into the gens it also had a separate altar and a separate worship. History of Human Society Keeping in mind the antique and ‘obsolescent’ character of the gens and γένος, let us examine the theories of the origin of these associations. Custom and Myth New Edition An Indian tribe was composed of several gentes or clans, united in what is known as a phratry or brotherhood. The Position of Woman in Primitive Society A Study of the Matriarchy In the order of battle, the Germans, like the Mexicans and Greeks, arranged the horsemen as well as the wedge-like columns of the troops on foot by gentes. The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State The children inherited as consanguineous heirs; if there were no children, the relatives of the male line inherited; were none of these in existence, then the property reverted to the gens. Woman under socialism They indicated the unity of the gens, either by representing it through the totem or a mythical ancestry. History of Human Society Festus defines members of a gens as persons of the same stock and same family name. Custom and Myth New Edition The husbands retained all their rights and privileges in their own gentes, though they lived in the gentes of their wives. The Position of Woman in Primitive Society A Study of the Matriarchy These strangers could become very powerful, as in Rome, and they were too numerous to be gradually absorbed by the gentes and tribes. The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State The division in gentes, phratries and tribes constituted in Rome for centuries the foundation of the military organization, and also of the exercise of the rights of citizenship. Woman under socialism Thus the gens, and the tribe, and the city when founded, had each its separate worship. History of Human Society Varro adds the element, in the Roman gens, of common descent from one male ancestor. Custom and Myth New Edition These women select a chief of the gens from its male members, that is, from their brothers and sons. The Position of Woman in Primitive Society A Study of the Matriarchy And while thus the "gens" was strictly exogamous, the tribe comprising an aggregate of "gentes" was equally endogamous. The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State The husbands of these women are not of the consanguine group, the gens, of their wives; they are of the gens of their sisters. Woman under socialism As the family expanded it formed the gens or clan, with an enlarged family life and more systematic family government. History of Human Society Such was the conception of the gens in historical times. Custom and Myth New Edition The sachem of the tribes, or tribal-chief, is chosen by the chiefs of the gentes. The Position of Woman in Primitive Society A Study of the Matriarchy The maternal "gens" has become the pivot on which this whole science revolves. The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State The tribe splits up into several tribes, all of which have the same constitution, and in each of which the old gentes are reproduced. Woman under socialism The family groups continued to enlarge by natural increase and by adoption, all those coming into the gens submitting to its laws, customs, and social usage. History of Human Society The result of these changes will be that an exogamous totem kin, with female descent, has become a gens, with male kinship, and only the faintest trace of exogamy. Custom and Myth New Edition I may note that the family here would certainly appear to have developed from the primitive clan, or gens. The Position of Woman in Primitive Society A Study of the Matriarchy The Greek and Roman "gens," an unsolved riddle to all historians up to our time, found its explanation in the Indian "gens." The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State The gentile organization forbids marriage between persons that descend from the same gens stock. Woman under socialism Finally several gentes united into a brotherhood association called by the Greeks a phratry, by the Romans a curia. History of Human Society Philibert was one of the honnêtes gens, and he devoted his wealth and energy to a commercial battle with La Friponne, determined to supply the people with food at low prices. Old Quebec The Fortress of New France "No," says she; "they are the gens d'armes; a small detachment of them, I suppose, attended the king to-day, but they are not his Majesty's ordinary guard." The Fortunate Mistress (Parts 1 and 2) or a History of the Life of Mademoiselle de Beleau Known by the Name of the Lady Roxana The institution of the gens seems to have its origin in the majority of cases in the Punaluan family. The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State With an increasing population, there arise a number of sisters, which, in turn, produce daughter gentes. Woman under socialism The tribe represented a number of gentes united for religious and military purposes. History of Human Society The husbands retain all their rights and privileges in their own gentes, though they live in the gentes of their wives. The Truth About Woman More, from that cabin there presently emerged the incredible sound of music, played in Rio for os gentes of the distinctly upper strata of society by a bored but beautifully trained orchestra. Astounding Stories of Super-Science, June, 1930 The men of a certain "gens," therefore, could choose their wives within the tribe, and did so as a rule, but had to choose them outside of the "gens." The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State Over and against these, the mother gens appears as phratry. Woman under socialism He believed the lodgers of the quarter to be all honnêtes gens. Graham's Magazine Vol XXXII. No. 3. March 1848 In each gens there is a small council composed of four women, called yu-waí-yu-wá-na; chosen by the women heads of the household. The Truth About Woman But it may not be unseasonable to recommend a slight muzzle to the dog-bitten, especially of the literary gens. Lippincott's Magazine, September, 1885 Such riches, once they had become the private property of certain families and augmented rapidly, gave a powerful impulse to society founded on the pairing family and the maternal gens. The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State Similarly, in Athens, did Solon decree that an heiress had to marry her nearest male agnate, even though both belonged to the same gens, and, according to former law, such a marriage was forbidden. Woman under socialism The government declared unceasing war against them, and after several engagements, in which a certain number of gens d'armes were either killed or wounded, these bands have been in a great measure dispersed. Pius IX. And His Time These women councillors select a chief of the gens from its male members, that is from their brothers and sons. The Truth About Woman Many other writers there are who have passed their childish days among the petites gens, but none who have so remembered their ways, their speech, and their mode of thought. Great Men and Famous Women, Vol. 7 A Series of Pen and Pencil Sketches of the Lives of More Than 200 of the Most Prominent Personages in History The children of the dead man, however, did not belong to his gens, but to that of their mother. The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State The gens has a common female ancestor, from whom the female successors descend in generations. Woman under socialism He was born 100 b.c., a member of the great Julian gens, which claimed descent from �neas and Venus, the glories of which are celebrated in Vergil's immortal epic. Library of the World's Best Literature, Ancient and Modern, Vol. 7 The gens was ruled by chiefs of two grades, distinguished by Morgan as sachem and common chiefs. The Truth About Woman All being ready, the gens d'armes marched the condemned, in a column, into the prison-yard, where five rude carts were awaiting them, to convey them to the scaffold. Madame Roland, Makers of History For this revolution—one of the most radical ever experienced by humanity—did not have to touch a single living member of the gens. The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State As with the previous family-forms, so did the gens rest upon the community of property, and had a communistic system of household. Woman under socialism Hardy also states that Decimus is a common praenomen of the plebeian gens Iunia, and suggests that Juvenal may have got his praenomen from them. The Student's Companion to Latin Authors The sachem was the official head of the gens. The Truth About Woman Each Roman gens had its own priesthood, and also its peculiar religious rites. The New Hudson Shakespeare: Julius Cæsar The Shawnees, Miamis and Delawares follow the custom of placing their children into the male gens by giving them a gentile name belonging to the father's gens, so that they may be entitled to inherit. The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State The gens finally became little more than the center of the religious functions for the family, its economic significance was gone. Woman under socialism There is no reason, however, to think that every Iunius must be related or associated in some way with one of these two gentes. The Student's Companion to Latin Authors The sachem of tribes, or tribal-chief is chosen by chiefs of the gentes. The Truth About Woman It is the business of every member of a caste to conserve the purity of his gens by eating only with his fellow-castemen. India, Its Life and Thought And as brothers must not marry their sisters, but only women of foreign descent, the children bred from these foreign women do not belong to the gens, according to maternal law. The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State The gens, furthermore, administered the still existing common property. Woman under socialism Bachofen discovered that in the communistic household, the supremacy of woman was caused by the fact that the women all belonged to the same gens while the men came from different gentes. Women As Sex Vendors or, Why Women Are Conservative (Being a View of the Economic Status of Woman) This cross-relationship between persons of the same gens in the different tribes is still preserved and recognized among them in all its original force. The Discovery of America Vol. 1 (of 2) with some account of Ancient America and the Spanish Conquest On his return, the following year, he married Pompeia, the granddaughter of Sulla, of the Cornelia gens, and formed a union with Pompey. Ancient States and Empires As the classical form of this original gens Morgan selects that of the Iroquois, more especially that of the Seneca tribe. The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State She had stepped out of her gens: neither she nor her children could inherit from her father or his brothers: otherwise the inheritance would be lost to the paternal gens. Woman under socialism Such a habitual pairing would gain ground the more the gens developed and the more numerous the classes of "brothers" and "sisters" became who were not permitted to marry one another.... Women As Sex Vendors or, Why Women Are Conservative (Being a View of the Economic Status of Woman) It was the gens or clan, as we find it exemplified in all stages from the middle period of savagery to the middle period of barbarism. The Discovery of America Vol. 1 (of 2) with some account of Ancient America and the Spanish Conquest They were the "novae gentes," or new nations, whose territories Agricola ravaged as far as the "Tavaus," or Tay, in his third campaign. Chronicles of Strathearn The gens can retire the sachem and the chief at will. The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State As for the gipsy-like arrangement of the hair, no Iroquois boy ever wore it that way; it hinted of the gens de prairie. The Reckoning The Wyandot people advanced and waited on the outer rim of the circle in the order of their gentes or clans. The Border Watch A Story of the Great Chief's Last Stand The clan, phratry, and tribe among the Iroquois help us in many respects to get back to the original conceptions of the gens, curia, and tribe among the Romans. The Discovery of America Vol. 1 (of 2) with some account of Ancient America and the Spanish Conquest Seven, as well as four, is a sacred number with the tribe, being also the number of their gentes. The Sacred Formulas of the Cherokees Seventh Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, 1885-1886, Government Printing Office, Washington, 1891, pages 301-398 It is the negative expression of the very positive blood relationship, by virtue of which the individuals belonging to it become a gens. The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State But I speak for the gens de bois—the forest Indians of the East, and of those who maintained the Great League, which was but a powerful tribunal imposing peace upon half a continent. The Reckoning In the meantime I hoped that as Captain Paul made no noise with his steam that the crowd would not assemble, and that we might find no gens d'armes. The Letters of Queen Victoria : A Selection from her Majesty's correspondence between the years 1837 and 1861 Volume 2, 1844-1853 But the gens en place were not to be laughed out of countenance by a vile print, which only could appeal to French passions and Romish prejudices. The Rise of Canada, from Barbarism to Wealth and Civilisation Volume 1 Upon a coin of Trio Lucretius, a member of the Lucretia gens, who would have remained unknown to this day but for his coin, a case of punning by means of types occurs. The Continental Monthly, Vol. 6, No. 6, December 1864 Devoted To Literature And National Policy In the opposite case the injured gens appointed one or more avengers who were obliged to pursue the slayer and to kill him. The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State The house or gens was a composite family. Practical Ethics If the gens d'armes disputed his passport Mr Jones was to vouch for its regularity, and say that he was sent by me to conduct Mr Smith to Havre, who was my Uncle. The Letters of Queen Victoria : A Selection from her Majesty's correspondence between the years 1837 and 1861 Volume 2, 1844-1853 The "gens en place" had badly advised him, and he was too blind to see it. The Rise of Canada, from Barbarism to Wealth and Civilisation Volume 1 They were fortunately observed by a woman from a small shop near, who called her husband, and also summoned two gens d'armes. Fair Italy, the Riviera and Monte Carlo Comprising a Tour Through North and South Italy and Sicily with a Short Account of Malta For the marriage interdict necessitated the existence of at least two gentes in a tribe in order to realize its separate existence. The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State The notion of descent from a common ancestor is of course ideal, but none the less a factor in the life of the gens; it crops up, e.g., in Virgil, Aen. v. The Religious Experience of the Roman People From the Earliest Times to the Age of Augustus How the presumable "gentes" of the Pecos might have localized for dwelling in the great communal houses I am, of course, unable to conjecture. Historical Introduction to Studies Among the Sedentary Indians of New Mexico; Report on the Ruins of the Pueblo of Pecos Papers Of The Archæological Institute Of America, American Series, Vol. I The Canadien grinned at the gens en place, and even ventured to laugh at the royal prerogative himself. The Rise of Canada, from Barbarism to Wealth and Civilisation Volume 1 The only uncommon feature in this occurrence was the fact of two gens d'armes being found within call at the same time. Fair Italy, the Riviera and Monte Carlo Comprising a Tour Through North and South Italy and Sicily with a Short Account of Malta As the tribe increased, every gens segmented into two or more new gentes, while the original gens comprising all the daughter gentes, lived on in the phratry. The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State The familia is thus an economic unit, developed out of the gens, which is a unit of kin and little more. The Religious Experience of the Roman People From the Earliest Times to the Age of Augustus At Brest, they landed me privately, while my men and officers were paraded through the streets at mid-day, under a file of gens d’armes. Captain Canot or, Twenty Years of an African Slaver Next, he is a member of a gens, house, or clan; and lastly, he is a member of his family. Ancient Law Its Connection to the History of Early Society Though, frequently, they evade the gens d'armes, and at dawn of day are found in the beautiful gardens lifeless. Fair Italy, the Riviera and Monte Carlo Comprising a Tour Through North and South Italy and Sicily with a Short Account of Malta On the other hand it formed a ready means for the deduction of the maternal law gens. The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State It is when the gens has settled upon the land that the family begins to appear as a fact of importance for our purpose. The Religious Experience of the Roman People From the Earliest Times to the Age of Augustus Under this social system the means of making wealth were in the hands of the tribes, or gens, and distribution was likewise socially arranged. Socialism A Summary and Interpretation of Socialist Principles The third and last degree came next, in which the inheritance devolved on the gentiles, that is on the collective members of the dead man's gens or House. Ancient Law Its Connection to the History of Early Society The nation appears to have been a confederacy of tribes, each of which was divided into clans or gentes on the Iroquois principle, which I shall shortly explain. Canada Such a habitual pairing would gain ground the more the gens developed and the more numerous the classes of "brothers" and "sisters" became who were not permitted to marry one another. The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State In all probability it was originally the land on which a gens had settled, though settlement produces changes, and the land of gens and pagus was not identical in later times. The Religious Experience of the Roman People From the Earliest Times to the Age of Augustus This was now a composite village, including parts of every gens of the Mendewahkantons, but there were other villages of the same tribe scattered over a large area. The Last of the Chiefs A Story of the Great Sioux War He suffered himself without resistance, to be arrested by a few gens d'armes, the immediate guards of the convention, headed by two of its members, who behaved in the emergency with equal prudence and spirit. Fox's Book of Martyrs Or A History of the Lives, Sufferings, and Triumphant Deaths of the Primitive Protestant Martyrs The bond that formerly kept devotion centered upon the city or the tribe, upon the gens or the family, was broken. The Oriental Religions in Roman Paganism The impulse to prevent marriage of consanguineous relatives started by the gens went still further. The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State But within this boundary line, of which we shall hear something more presently, how were the component parts, the familiae of the gens, settled down on the land? The Religious Experience of the Roman People From the Earliest Times to the Age of Augustus Kansa When there is a blizzard, the other Kansa beg the members of the Tcihaci gens to interpose, as they are the Wind People. Myths and Legends of the Great Plains The adopted son, still more the son of the adopted son, became, in speech, in feelings, in worship, in everything but physical descent, one with the gens into which he was adopted. Harvard Classics Volume 28 Essays English and American The religious bond of the thiasus or sodalicium took the place of the natural relationship of the family, the gens or the clan, just as the foreign religion replaced the worship of the domestic hearth. The Oriental Religions in Roman Paganism Thus tribes composed of gentes necessarily either gained the supremacy over the backward ones or, by their example, carried them along in their wake. The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State What the family was; its relation to the gens. The Religious Experience of the Roman People From the Earliest Times to the Age of Augustus At daylight the prisoners, who had received no refreshment, were handed into a boat, and on their landing, conducted by a party of gens d’armes to the prison. Newton Forster The Merchant Service It is indeed possible that really artificial gentes, groups of men of whom it might chance that none were natural kinsmen, were formed in later times after the model of the original gentes. Harvard Classics Volume 28 Essays English and American Such a group of families as has been supposed is called a clan, or in Roman history a gens. French Pathfinders in North America The right to solemnly invest the sachems and chiefs elected by the gentes, and 4. The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State Suddenly, as we were passing a narrow place, with thick bushes on either side, some large hands were laid on my shoulders, and a rough negro voice said— “Qui êtes-vous, jeunes gens?” Marmaduke Merry A Tale of Naval Adventures in Bygone Days “He must be coming now,” observed Collins in a low tone: “that must be one of his assistants who is taking off the attention of the gens d’arme.” Newton Forster The Merchant Service The family then grew into the gens; the union of gentes formed the State, the political community, which in its first form was commonly a tribe. Harvard Classics Volume 28 Essays English and American He could only do that by being adopted into a plebeian gens. The Letters of Cicero, Volume 1 The Whole Extant Correspodence in Chronological Order The gens, the tribe and their institutions were holy and inviolate. The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State But the 'Requiem' still seemed to occupy him, and he puffed out his cheeks as if he would imitate a wind instrument, the 'Tuba mirum spar gens sonum.' Among the Great Masters of Music Scenes in the Lives of Famous Musicians The ancient animals of any philosophy of this stage are found to constitute a clan or gens—a body of relatives, or consanguinei with grandfathers, fathers, sons, and brothers. Sketch of the Mythology of the North American Indians First Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, 1879-80, Government Printing Office, Washington, 1881, pages 17-56 He became one of that gens for all practical, political, historical purposes. Harvard Classics Volume 28 Essays English and American P. Clodius is taking measures to be adopted into a plebeian gens, in order to stand for the tribuneship. The Letters of Cicero, Volume 1 The Whole Extant Correspodence in Chronological Order According to Grote's History of Greece, the gens of Attica was held together by the following bonds: 1. The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State Many of the communities are now made up of the more or less scattered but interrelated remnants of gentes which in former times occupied villages on the present or neighboring sites. Eighth Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, 1886-1887, Government Printing Office, Washington, 1891 By 1830, some of these gens de couleur had arrived at such a degree of wealth as to own cotton and sugar plantations with numerous slaves. The Journal of Negro History, Volume 2, 1917 When there was only one daughter in the family, she was called by the name of the gens: thus, Tullia, the daughter of Cicero; and retained the same after marriage. Roman Antiquities, and Ancient Mythology For Classical Schools (2nd ed) There is an entrance to the old chateau from behind the altar; and as for my cloak it is an ordinary gens d'arme cape. Molly Brown's Orchard Home Not alone Grote, but also Niebuhr, Mommsen and all other historians of classical antiquity, were foiled by the gens. The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State It is desirable, therefore, to inquire what was the tie which united the members of the gens, the curia or phratry, and the city, and which distinguished the patricians from the plebeians. The Tribes and Castes of the Central Provinces of India—Volume I (of IV) They pass through the land and see no gens d'armes, no standing armies, and rarely a policeman. 'America for Americans!' The Typical American, Thanksgiving Sermon When heirs by the father's side of the same family failed, those of the same gens succeeded in preference to relations by the mother's side of the same family. Roman Antiquities, and Ancient Mythology For Classical Schools (2nd ed) Farther, in every gens of plants, one will be chosen as the representative, which, if any, will be that examined and described in the course of this work, if I have opportunity of doing so. Proserpina, Volume 1 Studies Of Wayside Flowers When Appius Claudius was arrested, his whole gens, including his personal enemies, dressed in mourning. The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State The members of the gens lived together on a section of the city land and cultivated it under the control of the head of the gens. The Tribes and Castes of the Central Provinces of India—Volume I (of IV) Because of his Pagan belief in the divine rights of the gens families and a like strong belief that he who toileth hath no right to freedom, did he make war. The Coming of the King It was just being for a little while, one of the "prisca gens mortalium, the primitive race of men," who ran about in the woods eating acorns and drinking water. Boswell's Correspondence with the Honourable Andrew Erskine, and His Journal of a Tour to Corsica Each sovereign Inca formed an ayllu or "gens" of his descendants, who preserved the memory of his deeds in quipus, songs, and traditions handed down and learnt by heart. History of the Incas At the time of the second Punic war the gentes united for the purpose of ransoming their captured gentiles. The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State The bond which united the phratry or curia was precisely the same as that of the gens or clan and the city. The Tribes and Castes of the Central Provinces of India—Volume I (of IV) The white of the gens families and the priests, hath it not from the hidden past meant 'washed' and 'set apart' from the soil of the world? The Coming of the King A small section of a village, generally a gens or a subgens, moves away from the parent village, perhaps only a few miles. Aboriginal Remains in Verde Valley, Arizona Thirteenth Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, 1891-92, Government Printing Office, Washington, 1896, pages 179-262 Stones are also gathered and roughly dressed, and in all these operations he is assisted by his friends, usually of his own gens. A Study of Pueblo Architecture: Tusayan and Cibola Eighth Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, 1886-1887, Government Printing Office, Washington, 1891, pages 3-228 If a woman had to intermarry in the gens, as Mommsen assumes, then she remained in this gens after her marriage. The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State The Roman population, as already seen, consisted of a set of clans or gentes. The Tribes and Castes of the Central Provinces of India—Volume I (of IV) The gens d'armes stand just inside the door, resting on their guns; their eyes are fixed upon the group in the foreground. Home Pastimes; or Tableaux Vivants The division into clusters, however, indicates an aggregation of related gentes or subgentes banded together for protection. Aboriginal Remains in Verde Valley, Arizona Thirteenth Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, 1891-92, Government Printing Office, Washington, 1896, pages 179-262 But these were too closely incorporated with the system of gentes and 23 other family kinships to admit of their extinction. A Study of Pueblo Architecture: Tusayan and Cibola Eighth Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, 1886-1887, Government Printing Office, Washington, 1891, pages 3-228 But in the first place, this assertion of an endogamous gens must be proven. The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State Probably these settlements were located in the valleys, on sites most convenient for horticulture, each gens occupying its own village. The Cliff Ruins of Canyon de Chelly, Arizona Sixteenth Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, 1894-95, Government Printing Office, Washington, 1897, pages 73-198 The gens d'armes entered, and conveyed him to the carriage at the entrance. Home Pastimes; or Tableaux Vivants It had been previously the custom of the Cornelia gens to bury and not burn their dead. A Smaller History of Rome The Hopituh certainly marry within phratries, and occasionally with the same gens. A Study of Pueblo Architecture: Tusayan and Cibola Eighth Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, 1886-1887, Government Printing Office, Washington, 1891, pages 3-228 But they could not inherit from their father, because they did not belong to his gens, where his property had to remain. The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State With further advance the mother-descent group is transformed into a father-descent group, when the clan is replaced by the gens; and polygamy is a common feature of the gentile organization. The Siouan Indians Directions for forming the Tableau.—This interesting picture contains seven figures: Louis XVI., his wife the queen, Madame Elizabeth, the king's son and daughter, and two gens d'armes. Home Pastimes; or Tableaux Vivants It continued to meet for the transaction of certain matters pertaining to the Patrician gentes, but was represented simply by 30 lictors. A Smaller History of Rome In fact, it is not now customary for all the members of a gens to be members of the same kiva. A Study of Pueblo Architecture: Tusayan and Cibola Eighth Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, 1886-1887, Government Printing Office, Washington, 1891, pages 3-228 Neither the phratry nor the gens of the Kamilaroi forms a distinct territorial community. The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State According to Morgan, the framework of the aboriginal Dakota house consisted of 13 poles;33 and Dorsey describes the systematic grouping of the tipis belonging to different gentes and tribes. The Siouan Indians The gens d'armes have blue coats trimmed with buff, buff vest, crimson breeches, white hose, long wigs, low shoes, knee and shoe buckles, and chapeaux. Home Pastimes; or Tableaux Vivants Each tribe was divided into 10 curiæ, and each curiæ into 10 gentes. A Smaller History of Rome In the older and more symmetrical examples there was doubtless some effort to distribute the various gentes, or at least the phratries, in definite quarters of the village, as stated traditionally. A Study of Pueblo Architecture: Tusayan and Cibola Eighth Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, 1886-1887, Government Printing Office, Washington, 1891, pages 3-228 This tribe has eight gentes named after animals: 1. The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State Water jar or olla decorated with ancient design of the rattlesnake gens. Illustrated Catalogue of the Collections Obtained from the Pueblos of Zuñi, New Mexico, and Wolpi, Arizona, in 1881 Third Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, 1881-82, Government Printing Office, Washington, 1884, pages 511-594 Other tribes are composed of phratries, and each subtribe or phratry comprises a number of gentes. Siouan Sociology This may be translated freely by "Revelations of the elders of the Red Eagle gens."6.Ɔiñ'ʞa weháʞi¢e, "The first end of the children" or "The beginning of the race." Osage Traditions There are, moreover, in addition to these, many other gentes and sub-gentes of more recent origin. A Study of Pueblo Architecture: Tusayan and Cibola Eighth Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, 1886-1887, Government Printing Office, Washington, 1891, pages 3-228 The election, however, had to be confirmed by the other seven gentes, and then only the sachem-elect was solemnly invested, by the common council of the whole Iroquois federation. The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State The Jicarillas seem to have no system of clans or gentes. The North American Indian Among the Teton many groups which were originally sections have become gentes, for the marriage laws do not affect the original phratries, gentes, and subgentes. Siouan Sociology Good Voice, of the Mink'in gens, knew the history of the Female Beaver, but he failed to keep his promise to dictate it to the author. Osage Traditions The gentes bracketed are said to “belong together,” but do not seem to have distinctive names—as phratries. A Study of Pueblo Architecture: Tusayan and Cibola Eighth Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, 1886-1887, Government Printing Office, Washington, 1891, pages 3-228 The property of deceased members fell to the share of the other gentiles; it had to remain in the gens. The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State An exception to this rule is said by "Peaches," an old Apache scout under Crook, to exist among the Chiricahua, where the children take the gens of the father. The North American Indian Among the Omaha there is no military class, yet there is a war element which is regulated by the Elk gens. Siouan Sociology This is said to indicate that the original maker of the mnemonic song was of the Beaver totem or gens. The Mide'wiwin or "Grand Medicine Society" of the Ojibwa Seventh Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, 1885-1886, Government Printing Office, Washington, 1891, pages 143-300 A kiva may belong either to a society, a group of gentes, or an individual. A Study of Pueblo Architecture: Tusayan and Cibola Eighth Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, 1886-1887, Government Printing Office, Washington, 1891, pages 3-228 But the religious rites of the Indians are more or less connected with the gens. The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State I have secured, I think, a correct census of the Florida Seminole by name, sex, age, gens, and place of living. The Seminole Indians of Florida Fifth Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, 1883-84, Government Printing Office, Washington, 1887, pages 469-532 This was the gens of Red Wing, whose village was a short distance from Lake Pepin, Minnesota. Siouan Sociology Representatives of various totems or gentes may therefore be found upon a single reservation, 150 where they continue to adhere to traditional customs and beliefs, thus presenting an interesting field for ethnologic research. The Mide'wiwin or "Grand Medicine Society" of the Ojibwa Seventh Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, 1885-1886, Government Printing Office, Washington, 1891, pages 143-300 A similar custom of inheritance prevails where the kiva belongs to a group of gentes, only in that case the kiva chief is usually chief of the gentile group. A Study of Pueblo Architecture: Tusayan and Cibola Eighth Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, 1886-1887, Government Printing Office, Washington, 1891, pages 3-228 And among the Iroquois the whole gens of the deceased attends the funeral, prepares the grave and provides the addresses, etc. The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State But, regarded as a whole, in their physique the Seminole warriors, especially the men of the Tiger and Otter gentes, are admirable. The Seminole Indians of Florida Fifth Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, 1883-84, Government Printing Office, Washington, 1887, pages 469-532 These seven gentes still exist, or did exist as late as 1880. Siouan Sociology Land tenure does not begin in grants from the monarch or the feudal lord, but a system of tenure in common by gentes or tribes is developed into a system of tenure in severalty. On Limitations To The Use Of Some Anthropologic Data The membership is composed of men from all the Hano gentes, but not all of any one gens. A Study of Pueblo Architecture: Tusayan and Cibola Eighth Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, 1886-1887, Government Printing Office, Washington, 1891, pages 3-228 The gens had a council, the democratic assembly of all male and female gentiles of adult age, all with equal suffrage. The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State This is shown either in the narrow limits of what may be named the family or in the larger bounds of what is called the clan or gens. The Seminole Indians of Florida Fifth Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, 1883-84, Government Printing Office, Washington, 1887, pages 469-532 The gentes exist, but their names have not been recorded. Siouan Sociology I think, in looking on this scene, of a certain congress which took place in Paris more than a year ago, and it was called a congress of literary people, gens de lettres. Modern Eloquence: Vol II, After-Dinner Speeches E-O The other cause assigned is the necessity for additional room when a gens has outgrown its kiva. A Study of Pueblo Architecture: Tusayan and Cibola Eighth Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, 1886-1887, Government Printing Office, Washington, 1891, pages 3-228 Originally no Seneca was allowed to marry within his phratry, but this custom has long become obsolete and is now confined to the gens. The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State After I was enabled to make my inquiry understood, I sought to learn from my respondent the name of the gens to which each Indian whose name I had received belonged. The Seminole Indians of Florida Fifth Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, 1883-84, Government Printing Office, Washington, 1887, pages 469-532 The gentes keeping the sacred pipes and those having the sacred tents are designated among the Omaha by appropriate designs. Siouan Sociology I then learned to my great astonishment that no women were to be included among these gens de lettres, that is, literary people. Modern Eloquence: Vol II, After-Dinner Speeches E-O Probably other incoming gentes, of whom no story has been preserved, had also the ill fate to build there, for the Walpi people afterward slew all its inhabitants. A Study of Pueblo Architecture: Tusayan and Cibola Eighth Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, 1886-1887, Government Printing Office, Washington, 1891, pages 3-228 In this case the phratry re-appears in its original gentile capacity, and with a better prospect of success than the weaker gens, its daughter. The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State As the result, I found that the two hundred and eight Seminole now in Florida are divided into the following gentes and in the following numbers: 1. The Seminole Indians of Florida Fifth Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, 1883-84, Government Printing Office, Washington, 1887, pages 469-532 The tribe was divided into half tribes, each half tribe consisting of five gentes. Siouan Sociology The family then grew into the gens; the union of gentes formed the state, the political community, which in its first form was commonly a tribe. Prose Masterpieces from Modern Essayists This gens and the Mole are now extinct. A Study of Pueblo Architecture: Tusayan and Cibola Eighth Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, 1886-1887, Government Printing Office, Washington, 1891, pages 3-228 Vacancies were filled by new elections in the gens, and the holders of these offices could be deposed at will. The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State This second order was given to me by one of the Bird gens and by one who calls himself distinctively a “Tallahassee” Indian. The Seminole Indians of Florida Fifth Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, 1883-84, Government Printing Office, Washington, 1887, pages 469-532 Vallière was unable to say on which side of the tribal circle each gens camped, but he gave the personal names of some members of most of the gentes. Siouan Sociology He became one of that gens for all practical, political, historical, purposes. Prose Masterpieces from Modern Essayists There is no doubt, however, that in the earlier villages each gens, and where practicable, the whole of the phratry, built their houses together. A Study of Pueblo Architecture: Tusayan and Cibola Eighth Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, 1886-1887, Government Printing Office, Washington, 1891, pages 3-228 But once the gens was given as a social unit, we also see how the whole constitution of gentes, phratries and tribes developed with almost unavoidable necessity—because naturally—from the gens. The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State “The gens is the grand unit of social organization, and for many purposes is the basis of governmental organization.” The Seminole Indians of Florida Fifth Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, 1883-84, Government Printing Office, Washington, 1887, pages 469-532 No Kansa could take a wife from a gens on his side of the tribal circle, nor could he marry any kinswoman, however remote the relationship might be. Siouan Sociology The adopted son, still more the son of the adopted son, became, in speech, in feelings, in worship, in every thing but physical descent, one with the gens into which he was adopted. Prose Masterpieces from Modern Essayists To a certain extent the house of the priestess of a gens is still regarded as the home of the gens. A Study of Pueblo Architecture: Tusayan and Cibola Eighth Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, 1886-1887, Government Printing Office, Washington, 1891, pages 3-228 Wherever we find the gens as the social unit of a nation, we are justified in searching for a tribal organization similar to the one described above. The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State To the gens belong also certain rights and duties. The Seminole Indians of Florida Fifth Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, 1883-84, Government Printing Office, Washington, 1887, pages 469-532 Each "fireplace" is a gens, so that there are twenty-one gentes in the Osage nation. Siouan Sociology Aurelius, the gentile name, connects him with a large gens, of which Q. Aurelius Memmius Symmachus was one of the most distinguished ornaments. The Letters of Cassiodorus Being A Condensed Translation Of The Variae Epistolae Of Magnus Aurelius Cassiodorus Senator The gens Potitia and the gens Pinaria were the two tribes to which the care of the worship of Hercules was entrusted. The Æneid of Virgil Translated into English Verse by E. Fairfax Taylor This peculiarly complicated order of things is still more entangled by the inoculation—evidently at a later stage—with maternal law gentes. The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State So far as duogamy prevails now among the Florida Indians, I observed that both the wives, in every case, were members of one gens. The Seminole Indians of Florida Fifth Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, 1883-84, Government Printing Office, Washington, 1887, pages 469-532 When this occurred, the seven Hañʞa gentes were reckoned as five, and the seven Osage gentes as two, in order to have not more than seven gentes on the right side of the tribal circle. Siouan Sociology The etching would also serve as a mark of ownership, especially where property of certain kinds was regarded as belonging to the tribe or gens and not to the individual. Animal Carvings from Mounds of the Mississippi Valley Second Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, 1880-81, Government Printing Office, Washington, 1883, pages 117-166 Quick!" said he, "I want a sergeant and a dozen gens d'armes. The Three Brides, Love in a Cottage, and Other Tales But the pedigree of the gens went so far back that the gentiles could no longer actually ascertain their mutual kinship, except in a limited number of more recent common ancestors. The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State I understand also that there are certain games in which men selected from gentes as such are the contesting participants. The Seminole Indians of Florida Fifth Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, 1883-84, Government Printing Office, Washington, 1887, pages 469-532 The policemen or soldiers on the left side belong to these two gentes. Siouan Sociology Often, indeed, in the latter case the individual used the totem of his gens instead of the symbol or mark for his own name. Animal Carvings from Mounds of the Mississippi Valley Second Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, 1880-81, Government Printing Office, Washington, 1883, pages 117-166 My brave gens d'armes, however, drove them all away, and I never applied in vain when I besought them to assist a neighbour in distress. Narrative of the Most Remarkable Events Which Occurred In and Near Leipzig Immediately Before, During, And Subsequent To, The Sanguinary Series Of Engagements Between The Allied Armies Of The French, From The 14th To The 19th October, 1813 Even the state of a later period, while ignoring the gens, left certain public functions to the phratry. The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State In passing through one city they were stopped by an officer of gens d'armes, who demanded the requisite papers. Great Singers, First Series Faustina Bordoni To Henrietta Sontag The leading gens on the right side of the circle, and one of the original seven Osage fireplaces. Siouan Sociology By its provisions almost all property was possessed in common by the gens or clan. Indian Linguistic Families Of America, North Of Mexico Seventh Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, 1885-1886, Government Printing Office, Washington, 1891, pages 1-142 Pueblos of Arizona as a token of his induction into the rain gens of that people. A Study of Pueblo Pottery as Illustrative of Zuñi Culture Growth. Fourth Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, 1882-83, Government Printing Office, Washington, 1886, pages 467-522 The chief could be selected outside of the gens, and his office could even be temporarily vacant. The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State "They look ever out to sea," the priest said; "they are watching the deep waters and are conscious forever of their own and loved ones' dangers—they are de braves gens." The Man and the Moment It is said that in the olden days the members of this gens used turtle shells instead of moccasins, with leeches for strings. Siouan Sociology These and other 31 similar facts sufficiently prove the power of individual tribes or gentes to sunder relations with the great body of their kindred and to remove to distant homes. Indian Linguistic Families Of America, North Of Mexico Seventh Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, 1885-1886, Government Printing Office, Washington, 1891, pages 1-142 The gens is an organized body of consanguineal kindred in the female line. Wyandot Government: A Short Study of Tribal Society Bureau of American Ethnology By the discovery of the gens founded on affinity of blood and the resulting impossibility of its members to intermarry, this nonsense found a natural end. The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State "Not for girls or for priests—but for des gens du monde," he said to her one day, on putting down a volume of Voltaire. The Man and the Moment He invites all the women of his gens who wish to be blessed to come forward, and he treats them as he did the infant. Siouan Sociology When in the middle of the river the children of these gentes were transformed into tortoises, frogs, snakes, ducks, and dragonflies. The Religious Life of the Zuñi Child There is a body of names belonging to each gens, so that each person’s name indicates the gens to which he belongs. Wyandot Government: A Short Study of Tribal Society Bureau of American Ethnology Among the Iroquois the solemn introduction into the gens took place in a public meeting of the tribal council, whereby it actually became a religious ceremony. The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State Besides the vexations mentioned in my last, I have incurred a quarrel with the Pope's carabiniers, or gens d'armerie, who have petitioned the Cardinal against my liveries, as resembling too nearly their own lousy uniform. Life of Lord Byron, Vol. 4 With His Letters and Journals At the same time the women of the other gentes are blessed in like manner by the headmen of their respective gentes. Siouan Sociology Besides the members of the gens, there were attached to it a number of dependents called clients, who owed submission to the chief as their patron, and received from him assistance and protection. Pinnock's improved edition of Dr. Goldsmith's History of Rome to which is prefixed an introduction to the study of Roman history, and a great variety of valuable information added throughout the work, on the manners, institutions, and antiquities of the Romans; with numerous biographical and historical notes; and questions for examination at the end of each section. By Wm. C. Taylor. The following schedule presents the name of a man and a woman in each gens, as illustrating this statement: Wun-dátEnglish.Man of Deer gens De-wa-tí-re Lean Deer. Wyandot Government: A Short Study of Tribal Society Bureau of American Ethnology The existence of special religious celebrations among Indian gentes can hardly be demonstrated. The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State The four tribes consisted altogether of gentes and phratries, insomuch that no one could be included in any one of the tribes who was not also a member of some gens and phratry. The Great Events by Famous Historians, Volume 01 The Iowa camping circle was divided into two half-circles, occupied by two phratries of four gentes each. Siouan Sociology Meantime, your filthy foreigner will stare, And mutters to himself,—Ha! gens barbare! The works of John Dryden, now first collected in eighteen volumes. Volume 05 Man of Wolf gens Ha-ró-uⁿ-yû One who goes about in the Dark; a Prowler. Wyandot Government: A Short Study of Tribal Society Bureau of American Ethnology In short, it was the sovereign power in the gens. The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State Now the new pro-bouleutic, or pre-considering, senate consisted of four hundred members,—one hundred from each of the tribes: persons not included in any gens or phratry could therefore have had no access to it. The Great Events by Famous Historians, Volume 01 Since then the author has recorded the following list of gentes and subgentes, with the aid of a delegation of the Iowa who visited Washington: First phratry Gentes Subgentes 1. Siouan Sociology The heavy armor which was sometimes worn by the ancients, like the gens d'armes of the middle ages, rendered them greatly inferior to infantry in a close engagement. Elements of Military Art and Science Or, Course Of Instruction In Strategy, Fortification, Tactics Of Battles, &C.; Embracing The Duties Of Staff, Infantry, Cavalry, Artillery, And Engineers; Adapted To The Use Of Volunteers And Militia; Third Edition; With Critical Notes On The Mexican And Crimean Wars. Man of Porcupine gens Haⁿ-dú-tuⁿ The one who puts up Quills. Wyandot Government: A Short Study of Tribal Society Bureau of American Ethnology At the time of the discovery the Indians of entire North America were organized in gentes by maternal law. The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State It is not easy to make out distinctly what was the political position of the ancient gentes and phratries, as Solon left them. The Great Events by Famous Historians, Volume 01 Ma'-hin was a chief of this gens. Siouan Sociology People of the same gens learn to treat each other in a considerate way. Humanly Speaking The eleven gentes, as four phratries, constitute the tribe. Wyandot Government: A Short Study of Tribal Society Bureau of American Ethnology That would have meant the transfer of her wealth from her own gens to that of her husband. The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State Once to a very noble lady of the Fabian gens, the mother of his son Quintus. A Friend of Caesar A Tale of the Fall of the Roman Republic. Time, 50-47 B.C. The survivors of this gens have joined the Pa-ça or Beaver gens of the Oto tribe. Siouan Sociology The word "gentleman" is derived from the word gens. Humanly Speaking Each gens is a body of consanguineal kindred in the female line, and each gens is allied to other gentes by consanguineal kinship through the male line, and by affinity through marriage. Wyandot Government: A Short Study of Tribal Society Bureau of American Ethnology In such a case, the girl was not only permitted, but obliged to intermarry within the gens, in order to retain the wealth in the latter. The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State This was nothing less than an attempt to create new gentes by effacing the distinctions established by nature and tradition. Renaissance in Italy, Volume 1 (of 7) The Age of the Despots While they have gentes, they have no camping circle, as their priscan habitat was in a forest region. Siouan Sociology This was the name of his gotra or gens and roughly corresponds to a surname, being less comprehensive than the clan name Sâkya. Hinduism and Buddhism, An Historical Sketch, Vol. 1 These four women councillors select a chief of the gens from its male members—that is, from their brothers and sons. Wyandot Government: A Short Study of Tribal Society Bureau of American Ethnology This is further substantiated by the universally accepted custom that a woman in marrying renounced the religious rites of her gens and accepted those of her husband's gens. The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State Such amenities for the people—for the petits gens—simply do not exist in Europe; they do not even exist for the wealthy in Europe. Your United States Impressions of a first visit Some of the Winnebago say that there is an Omaha gens among the Winnebago of Wisconsin, but James Alexander knew nothing about it. Siouan Sociology These four women councilors select a chief of the gens from its male members—that is, from their brothers and sons. Sex and Society There is sometimes a grand council of the gens, composed of the councillors of the gens proper and all the heads of households and leading men—brothers and sons. Wyandot Government: A Short Study of Tribal Society Bureau of American Ethnology For it is absolutely incompatible with conditions where rich and poor had perfectly equal rights in the gens. The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State The Council of State met the Dutch envoys with the proposal una gens, una respublica, which nothing but sheer conquest and dire necessity would ever induce the Dutch people to accept. History of Holland Morgan's list of the Crow gentes is given, with his peculiar notation, as follows: 1. Siouan Sociology When a woman is installed as a councilor, a feast is prepared by the gens to which she belongs, and to this feast all the members of the tribe are invited. Sex and Society The four women councillors of the gens are chosen by the heads of households, themselves being women. Wyandot Government: A Short Study of Tribal Society Bureau of American Ethnology The "gens" of the American Indians furthermore assisted him in gaining another important step in the field under investigation. The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State He was one of the honnêtes gens who liked peace and an upright life. The Hunters of the Hills In some tribes each gens is made up of subgentes, and these in turn of a lower order of groups, which are provisionally termed sections for want of a better designation. Siouan Sociology While husband and wife belonged to different gentes, the predominating number in each household would be of the same gens, namely, that of their mothers. Sex and Society When a woman is installed as councillor a feast is prepared by the gens to which she belongs, and to this feast all the members of the tribe are invited. Wyandot Government: A Short Study of Tribal Society Bureau of American Ethnology And how powerfully the influence of this progress was felt, is shown by the institution of the gens, directly attributable to it and passing far beyond the goal. The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State His experience in affairs of honor was not as great as de Galisonnière's, and he showed some excitement, but he was one of the honnêtes gens and he too wished, the punishment of de Mézy. The Hunters of the Hills The ¢ixida gens and part of the Nikadaɔna gens of the Ponka tribe are considered to be the warriors of the tribe, though members of other gentes have participated in war. Siouan Sociology The four women councilors of the gens are chosen by the heads of households, themselves being women. Sex and Society The sachem of the tribe then announces to the people that the man has been made chief of the gens, and admitted to the council. Wyandot Government: A Short Study of Tribal Society Bureau of American Ethnology The individual relied for his protection on the gens and could be assured of it. The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State Was he also one of Bigot's men, or did he incline to the cause of the honnêtes gens? The Hunters of the Hills In the Kansa tribe two gentes, the Large Hañga and the Small Hañga, form the phratry connected with war, though warriors did not necessarily belong to those gentes alone. Siouan Sociology Thus each household was composed of a mixture of persons of different gentes, but this would not prevent the numerical ascendency of the particular gens to whom the house belonged. Sex and Society The chief of the Wolf gens is the herald and the sheriff of the tribe. Wyandot Government: A Short Study of Tribal Society Bureau of American Ethnology The gens of the slayer deliberated and offered to the gentile council of the slain propositions for atonement, consisting generally in expressions of regret and presents of considerable value. The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State But Robert saw that Quebec itself and the struggle between the powerful Bigot ring and the honnêtes gens was a much greater weight on his mind than the approaching war with the English colonies. The Hunters of the Hills Any man can win a name and rank in the section, gens, phratry, tribe, or nation by bravery in war or by generosity in the bestowal of presents and the frequent giving of feasts. Siouan Sociology "Aux Carmes!" was now the direction; for my conductor's resolve to earn his reward before daybreak, was rendered more pungent by this interview with the gens de bureau at the Abbaye. Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine — Volume 55, No. 341, March, 1844 When matters before the council are considered of great importance, a grand council of the gens may be called. Wyandot Government: A Short Study of Tribal Society Bureau of American Ethnology If they succeeded, the gens of the slayer had no right to complain. The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State The looks they gave the three were not hostile, and Robert judged that they belonged to the party known in Quebec as honnêtes gens and described to him already by de Galisonnière. The Hunters of the Hills The numbers prefixed to the names of these gentes denote their respective places in the camping circle of the Sisseton and Wahpeton, as shown in figure 30. Siouan Sociology The passage about ‘braves gens’ explicitly does not refer to us. Modern Mythology Husbands retain all their rights and privileges in their own gentes, though they live with the gentes of their wives. Wyandot Government: A Short Study of Tribal Society Bureau of American Ethnology The wealth had to remain in the gens. The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State The little gifts the jeunes gens slipped into my panier as I came with mademoiselle from mass almost equalled my wages. Lippincott's Magazine, August, 1885 The Teton are divided into seven tribes, which were formerly gentes. Siouan Sociology Perhaps Professor Tiele has altered his mind, and, while keeping what Mr. Max Müller quotes, braves gens, and so on, has withdrawn what he said about ‘the false hypothesis of a disease of language.’ Modern Mythology A woman taken to wife from without the tribe must first be adopted into some family of a gens other than that to which the man belongs. Wyandot Government: A Short Study of Tribal Society Bureau of American Ethnology No member is permitted to marry within the gens. The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State Mademoiselle had a good dot as well as beauty, and ces jeunes gens expected to lose nothing by what they gave me. Lippincott's Magazine, August, 1885 The Sitcanxu are divided socially into gentes, of which the number has increased in recent years. Siouan Sociology He twice quotes the famous braves gens passage, excepting only M. Gaidoz, as a scholar, from a censure explicitly directed at our possible camp-followers as distinguished from ourselves. Modern Mythology That a woman may take for a husband a man without the tribe he must also be adopted into the family of some gens other than that of the woman. Wyandot Government: A Short Study of Tribal Society Bureau of American Ethnology This is the fundamental rule of the gens, the tie that holds it together. The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State He asked me what gens you belonged to. Esther This lodge corresponds in some degree to the two sacred lodges of the Hañga gens of the Omaha. Siouan Sociology There seems little doubt that the framework of ancient society rested on the basis of kinship, and that the structure of the ancient gens brought the mother and child into the same gens. Taboo and Genetics A Study of the Biological, Sociological and Psychological Foundation of the Family It is customary to give a marriage feast, in which the gentes of both parties take part. Wyandot Government: A Short Study of Tribal Society Bureau of American Ethnology The descendants of the sons are transferred to the gentes of the new mothers. The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State I told him I guessed it was the grouse gens. Esther This last gens consists of Thunder and Reptile people. Siouan Sociology Under these circumstances the gens of the mother would have some ascendancy in the ancient household. Taboo and Genetics A Study of the Biological, Sociological and Psychological Foundation of the Family It has been previously explained that there is a body of names, the exclusive property of each gens. Wyandot Government: A Short Study of Tribal Society Bureau of American Ethnology The son never followed his father in the office of sachem, because the Iroquois observed maternal law, in consequence of which the son belonged to another gens. The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State Varro adds the element, in the Roman gens, of common descent from one male ancestor. Custom and Myth When the gens met as a whole, the order of sitting was that shown in figure 35. Siouan Sociology At the end of this book is a list of 43 children of the "gentes de razon" included in the general list, but here specialized for reference. The Old Franciscan Missions Of California Within the area claimed by the tribe each gens occupies a smaller tract for the purpose of cultivation. Wyandot Government: A Short Study of Tribal Society Bureau of American Ethnology By the discovery of this simple fact Morgan for the first time revealed the nature of the gens. The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State The gens had its own sacellum or chapel, and its own sacra or religious rites. Custom and Myth To the former belonged two phratries of two gentes each, i.e., numbers 1 to 4, inclusive, and to the latter two similar phratries, including gentes 5 to 8. Siouan Sociology At five o'clock merchants and gens de lettres return home from office and tannery, remove the cinders, and commune with vervain and bergamot. Shandygaff Large canoes are made by the male members of the gentes, and are the property of the gentes. Wyandot Government: A Short Study of Tribal Society Bureau of American Ethnology It is self understood that the marriage interdict within the gens was strictly observed at the stage in which we find the Iroquois. The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State The whole gens occasionally went into mourning when one of its members was unfortunate. Custom and Myth These two men said, also, that there was no single gens known as the Hañʞa, that name belonging to a major division, probably a half-tribe. Siouan Sociology The gens de couleur, colored people, were always a class apart, separated from and superior to the Negroes, ennobled were it only by one drop of white blood in their veins. The Journal of Negro History, Volume 1, January 1916 Each gens has the right to the service of all its male members in avenging wrongs, and the tribe has the right to the service of all its male members in time of war. Wyandot Government: A Short Study of Tribal Society Bureau of American Ethnology The gens had certain distinct names or series of names, which no other gens in the whole tribe could use, so that the name of the individual indicated to what gens he belonged. The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State On the whole, the evidence which we have adduced tends to establish some links between the ancient yενος and gens, and the totem kindreds of savages. Custom and Myth The soldiers or policemen from the right side are chosen from the eighth and ninth gentes. Siouan Sociology To the whites, all Africans who were not of pure blood were gens de couleur. The Journal of Negro History, Volume 1, January 1916 Failure thus to do is followed by retaliation in the seizing of any property of the gens which may be found. Wyandot Government: A Short Study of Tribal Society Bureau of American Ethnology The gens may adopt strangers who thereby are adopted into the whole tribe. The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State This is still the Hindoo rule, and, if the Romans really might not at one time marry within the gens, it was the Roman rule. Custom and Myth The members of the four gentes of soldiers or policemen meet in council and decide on the time for departure. Siouan Sociology They know all that is going on; a gens d'armes cannot stir without their being aware of it. Tales of a Traveller If the gens of the offender fail to settle the matter with the gens of the aggrieved party, it is the duty of his nearest relative to avenge the wrong. Wyandot Government: A Short Study of Tribal Society Bureau of American Ethnology The prisoners of war who were not killed became by adoption into a gens tribal members of the Senecas and thus received full gentile and tribal rights. The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State In the Laws of the Twelve Tables, the gens is a powerful and respected corporation. Custom and Myth |
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