| 单词 | genotype |
| 例句 | But if wild populations with variations in genotype keep interbreeding, Dobzhansky knew, a new species would never be formed: a species, after all, is fundamentally defined by its inability to interbreed with another. The Gene 2016-06-02T00:00:00Z But the real information, Bateson argued, was not contained in the features, but in the combination of genes that determined them—i.e., in the genotype. The Gene 2016-06-02T00:00:00Z Phenotype, in short, drags genotypes behind it, like a cart pulling a horse. The Gene 2016-06-02T00:00:00Z Different populations had widely divergent genotypes, and these diverse genetic types coexisted and even overlapped in the wild. The Gene 2016-06-02T00:00:00Z Dobzhansky could now restate the essential truth of Mendel’s discovery—a gene determines a physical feature—by generalizing that idea across multiple genes and multiple features: a genotype determines a phenotype. The Gene 2016-06-02T00:00:00Z For such genes, neither the genotype nor the environment is the sole predictor of outcome: it is the intersection of genes, environment, and chance. The Gene 2016-06-02T00:00:00Z How was the set of genetic instructions, the genotype, translated into the actual physical manifestations, the phenotype, of an organism? The Gene 2016-06-02T00:00:00Z You cannot use just the genotype—BRCA1 mutation—to predict the final outcome with certainty. The Gene 2016-06-02T00:00:00Z To explain the intersection of genetics, natural selection, and evolution in formal terms, Dobzhansky resurrected two important words—genotype and phenotype. The Gene 2016-06-02T00:00:00Z First, Dobzhansky noted, genotypes were not the sole determinants of phenotypes. The Gene 2016-06-02T00:00:00Z In the natural world, variations in genotype exist in wild populations. The Gene 2016-06-02T00:00:00Z The way a word is used this year is its phenotype, but it has a deeply seated, immutable meaning, often hidden, which is the genotype. The Lives of a Cell 1974-01-01T00:00:00Z Once you introduce a genotype to the world, whether it be a natural child or a transgenic one—or a dogcat, for that matter—you must accept the consequences. This Week in Fiction: T. Coraghessan Boyle on the Perils of Genetic Manipulation 2016-10-31T04:00:00Z “Galaxy” is the album that more readily conforms to the smooth-jazz genotype, which makes sense: it comes to us from Jeff Lorber Fusion, which helped engineer the hybrid some 35 years ago. New Music: Albums From Gotye, Candy Dulfer and Jeff Lorber Fusion 2012-01-30T23:25:12Z At first glance, End of the Century is very much within the Queens Neighborhood Watering Hole genotype. A Tiki Bar in Queens With an Off-the-Menu Daiquiri 2015-09-10T04:00:00Z Geneticists have strived for decades to develop diets based on genotype as a sophisticated form of preventive medicine. Eat more avocado! What I learned from the study that will change how we eat 2019-06-23T04:00:00Z For a fairly modest cost they will study your saliva, compare it to thousands of other samples, uncover your genotype and tell you where you are really from. In my genes: Adventures in DNA testing 2016-07-23T04:00:00Z So while the single-shot stakes of a standardized exam is particularly ill suited for Worrier genotypes, this doesn’t mean that they should be shielded from all challenge. Motherlode Blog: Was Your Child Born to Take Tests, or Born to Panic? 2013-02-06T18:21:36Z "Learning how different virus genotypes could result in more or less severe infections could help us better understand infection dynamics in managed bee colonies," she said. Dangerous bee virus less deadly in at least one US forest 2023-11-14T05:00:00Z Lead author Suetsugu says: "Astonishingly, amidst a sea of limited active dispersal, we discovered identical genotypes jumping across vast distances, strongly indicating the past occurrence of passive long-distance genetic dispersal." Death is only the beginning: Birds disperse eaten insects' eggs 2023-10-10T04:00:00Z Through careful analysis of the species, genotypes and reef locations experiencing bleaching, scientists and practitioners are learn valuable information as they work to protect and rebuild a more resilient coral reef for the future. A Heroic Effort Aims to Save Florida’s Coral Reefs from Record Heat 2023-08-20T04:00:00Z Researchers have found a genotype, or a different version of a genetic variant, that explains someone’s ability to smell a compound called beta-ionone. Your Genes May Influence What You Like to Eat 2023-08-01T04:00:00Z Now Mote researchers are focusing on which genotypes are resistant to hot water and other challenges, so they can help breed corals that adapt to anthropogenic climate change. Florida's coral is in hot water. Scientists are diving in to rescue the fragile creatures before it's too late 2023-08-01T04:00:00Z "This doesn't make it an absolutely avirulent infection, but it does show that broadly, there are differences in infection based on the viral genotype the bees are infected with." Dangerous bee virus less deadly in at least one US forest 2023-11-14T05:00:00Z America thus "inherited plutocracy as part of its 'cultural genotype,'" Turchin argues. A short history of civilizational collapse: Are we next — and how can we prevent it? 2023-07-02T04:00:00Z If the frequencies of alleles or genotypes deviate from the value expected from the Hardy-Weinberg equation, then the population is evolving. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z So this one version of this genotype may dictate—a little bit, to some degree—whether you smoke, because it’s in tobacco, or whether you eat grapes or drink orange juice or tea. Your Genes May Influence What You Like to Eat 2023-08-01T04:00:00Z “We lost unique individual genotypes that we don’t have copies of.” Florida's coral is in hot water. Scientists are diving in to rescue the fragile creatures before it's too late 2023-08-01T04:00:00Z Infants with this genotype emit a characteristic high-pitched cry upon which the disorder’s name is based. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z They identified genotypes associated with inflammatory bowel diseases, type 2 diabetes and other, even rarer conditions, information that is usually considered highly sensitive and private. Privacy concerns sparked by human DNA accidentally collected in studies of other species 2023-05-15T04:00:00Z “It was striking in a good way. It was great to be able to see that phenotype that we predicted from his genotype is sort of consistent with what we knew about Balto already.” The Lifesaving Sled Dog Balto Had Genes unlike Those of Dog Breeds Today 2023-04-27T04:00:00Z One of the things I’m particularly interested in is understanding how having different genotypes, particularly of these sensory genes, changes the activation of pleasure and reward regions in the brain. Your Genes May Influence What You Like to Eat 2023-08-01T04:00:00Z I collaborate with plant-breeding scientists at the University of Florida to find plant genotypes that can tolerate droughts and a high level of salinity. Egypt ’s Climate Scientists Hope for ‘Actions, Not Just Words’ at COP27 2022-11-16T05:00:00Z For the F2 generation of a monohybrid cross, the following three possible combinations of genotypes result: homozygous dominant, heterozygous, or homozygous recessive. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z We collected saliva samples from the adults to ascertain their genotype, or genetic characteristics, and fecal samples to sequence the genomes of their gut microbes. Humans evolved with their microbiomes 2022-09-30T04:00:00Z Changes in genotype can result in changes in phenotype. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z The physical traits are called the phenotype, and the genetic makeup is called the genotype. Miller & Levine Biology 2018-01-01T00:00:00Z An individual’s complete genetic makeup is referred to as his or her genotype. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z For example, the genotypes may differ because the two groups are mostly taken from different parts of the world. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z None of the strains in the Abbott factory matched genotypes of bacteria found in two of four infants who were sickened after consuming powdered formula from the plant. Top Republicans say slow-acting FDA delayed formula plant reopening 2022-05-19T04:00:00Z Changes in genotype can result in changes in phenotype. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z The combination of all the alleles in an individual organism is called its genotype. Miller & Levine Biology 2018-01-01T00:00:00Z This body of knowledge can help scientists and medical professionals to predict, or at least estimate, some of the features that an offspring will inherit by examining the genotypes or phenotypes of the parents. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z For example, the phenotypes that Mendel observed in his crosses between pea plants with differing traits are connected to the diploid genotypes of the plants in the P, F1, and F2 generations. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z A March 2022 study found that the human eye couldn’t tell male polymorphic wood tiger moth genotypes apart — but moth vision models with ultraviolet light sensitivity could. Wildlife photos are a new treasure trove for AI-driven conservation research 2022-04-20T04:00:00Z Personal genome sequence information can be used to prescribe medications that will be most effective and least toxic on the basis of the individual patient’s genotype. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Evolution only acts on the phenotype, not the genotype. Miller & Levine Biology 2018-01-01T00:00:00Z Carriers for an autosomal recessive disorder may never know their genotype unless they have a child with the disorder. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z When P plants with contrasting traits were cross-fertilized, all of the offspring were heterozygous for the contrasting trait, meaning their genotype had different alleles for the gene being examined. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z These microbial communities—or microbiome—shape what the water fleas can eat, and some flea genotypes encourage microbiomes that enable fleas to digest toxic cyanobacteria that can overrun ponds. Urban Evolution: How Species Adapt to Survive in Cities 2022-03-25T04:00:00Z Changes in genotype can result in changes in phenotype. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Punnett squares use mathematical probability to help predict the genotype and phenotype combinations in genetic crosses. Miller & Levine Biology 2018-01-01T00:00:00Z The pattern is shown in Figure 28.27, using a diagram that tracks the likely incidence of an autosomal recessive disorder on the basis of parental genotypes. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z For example, the F1 yellow plants that received a Y allele from their yellow parent and a y allele from their green parent had the genotype Yy. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z If a higher level of the virus is detected, health officials will analyze its genotype to determine if it is a new variant. California adopts nation’s first ‘endemic’ virus policy 2022-02-17T05:00:00Z If the phenotype is observed, only the genotype of the homozygous recessive alleles can be known; the calculations provide an estimate of the remaining genotypes. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z By analyzing a pedigree, we can infer genotypes and predict future outcomes by applying the principles of Mendelian genetics to humans. Miller & Levine Biology 2018-01-01T00:00:00Z Their genotype refers to the genetic makeup of the chromosomes found in all their cells and the alleles that are passed down from their parents. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z The dominant seed color is yellow; therefore, the parental genotypes were YY for the plants with yellow seeds and yy for the plants with green seeds. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z Their new preservation process will let scientists at different institutions efficiently share specialized mouse genotypes without freezing agents or breakable glass vials. In Case You Missed It 2021-11-07T04:00:00Z Because a fire does not distinguish between the genotypes of various organisms, no particular genotype survives the fire better than another. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z The connection between molecule and trait, and between genotype and phenotype, is often simple and direct. Miller & Levine Biology 2018-01-01T00:00:00Z Their phenotype is the expression of that genotype, based on the interaction of the paired alleles, as well as how environmental conditions affect that expression. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z Each box then represents the diploid genotype of a zygote, or fertilized egg. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z “That could then lead to new genotypes of coronaviruses that could cause another disease outbreak, or maybe not. Who knows? This is a game that nature is playing every day, every minute of every day.” How the hunt for this deadly virus shaped the search for coronavirus’s origins 2021-10-14T04:00:00Z Lamarck theorized that inbreeding would lead to higher proportions of homozygous recessive genotypes, potentially conferring recessive diseases onto offspring. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z And DNA-talk can veer into racist and eugenicist territory when one starts assigning value judgments to certain genotypes or declares them superior to others. Using "DNA" as a metaphor? It's in English's DNA 2021-07-03T04:00:00Z But in Washington, where the state runs genotype tests on 17% of its cases, the gamma strain is cause for concern, said state epidemiologist Scott Lindquist. State’s COVID numbers show promise, but don’t let your guard down, says health secretary 2021-06-23T04:00:00Z In this case, only one genotype is possible in the F1 offspring. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z In particular, a person’s phenotype, how someone physically presents, may not hold meaningful clues for their genotype, someone’s genetic make-up. A Tool Doctors Use Every Day Can Perpetuate Medical Racism 2021-06-07T04:00:00Z The diversity of alleles and genotypes within a population is called genetic variance. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z The genotype was seen as a "program" that determined the exact specifications of an organism, just like a computer program. It’s time to consign the “selfish gene” to the history books 2021-05-30T04:00:00Z But it’s one thing to experiment with fruit flies and another thing when the research involves genotypes of potential pandemic pathogens and functions related to transmissibility or virulence in humans. Analysis | Fact-checking the Paul-Fauci flap over Wuhan lab funding 2021-05-18T04:00:00Z Notice that instead of three genotypes, there are six different genotypes when there are three alleles. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z A 2016 Rush University study found a similar connection with that genotype. Here’s what we really know about omega-3s and brain health 2021-05-10T04:00:00Z In this case, only one genotype is possible. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Scientists hailed this as a milestone study showing a “genotype by environment interaction,” in which variants of a gene can be affected by aspects of a person’s upbringing and experiences. Perspective | Criminal defendants still cite a ‘gene for violence.’ It doesn’t exist. 2021-03-18T04:00:00Z Among the central messages during the last two decades of genomic science is that the relationship between genotype and phenotype does not function like the pieces of a puzzle. The Human Genome and the Making of a Skeptical Biologist 2021-02-12T05:00:00Z In an X-linked cross, the genotypes of F1 and F2 offspring depend on whether the recessive trait was expressed by the male or the female in the P generation. Concepts of Biology 2013-04-25T00:00:00Z Both species harbor the same bacterial genotype, called 3I, that has been linked to human infections in medieval Europe. Leprosy, ancient scourge of humans, found to assail wild chimpanzees 2020-11-11T05:00:00Z When he self-crossed the plants expressing green seeds, all of the offspring had green seeds, confirming that all green seeds had homozygous genotypes of yy. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z This correlation applied only to people who received treatments in the morning, suggesting that genotype might matter for apparently mundane treatment details such as scheduling. Making radiation oncology more personal 2020-09-22T04:00:00Z We counted MIN data as ‘included’ if any analysis reported linking traits or diseases to genotypes in the relevant samples. Don’t ignore genetic data from minority populations 2020-09-07T04:00:00Z The distribution of pathogen genotypes and the way they change over time might shed new light on how people moved in the past. Smallpox and other viruses plagued humans much earlier than suspected 2020-07-22T04:00:00Z When researchers sequenced the pathogen’s genome, they found it was of a rare genotype called 2F. Leprosy, ancient scourge of humans, found to assail wild chimpanzees 2020-11-11T05:00:00Z All other phenotypes or genotypes are considered variants of this standard, meaning that they deviate from the wild type. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z “G4 virus has shown a sharp increase since 2016, and is the predominant genotype in circulation in pigs detected across at least 10 provinces,” they write. Swine flu strain with human pandemic potential increasingly found in Chinese pigs 2020-06-29T04:00:00Z Using more than 40,000 of these genotypes, the team looked for correlations between small changes in DNA and health conditions, a so-called genomewide association study. Rare ‘killer’ mutations present at birth could be taking years off your life 2020-04-24T04:00:00Z He called on the governments of the United States, the European Union, Britain, Russia and China to exterminate blacks by using “genotype specific biological warfare agents.” Hunting black men to start a ‘race war’ 2019-12-27T05:00:00Z In Guinea-Bissau, researchers collecting fecal samples also got lucky: One sample contained enough bacterium to sequence its full genome, which was another rare genotype called 4N/O. Leprosy, ancient scourge of humans, found to assail wild chimpanzees 2020-11-11T05:00:00Z Draw sister chromatids at anaphase II for both parents in the F1 generation and annotate your drawing to identify each genotype of the gametes using the cells of the Punnett square. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Using genotype data for tens of thousands of men, the researchers found almost a dozen genetic variants that were associated with naturally higher levels of selenium in the blood8. The gene-based hack that is revolutionizing epidemiology 2019-12-09T05:00:00Z These genotypes, the scientists reported, were associated with people’s political views. The promise and peril of the new science of social genomics 2019-10-20T04:00:00Z To test if he was on the right track, he took a genotype file created from his own hair and uploaded it to GEDmatch, a DNA database of around one million people. Why This Scientist Keeps Receiving Packages of Serial Killers’ Hair 2019-09-16T04:00:00Z In addition, the genotypes responsible for both outbreaks are rare in humans, the researchers report today on the preprint server bioRxiv. Leprosy, ancient scourge of humans, found to assail wild chimpanzees 2020-11-11T05:00:00Z Explain the values expected in terms of the genotype of the offspring. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z “Here’s the genotype that is more severe in sea otters, and here it is in this host in proximity to the location that they’re finding those sea otters.” What’s Killing California’s Sea Otters? House Cats 2019-08-28T04:00:00Z The researchers then investigated the UK Biobank samples to see whether these genotypes differed across the United Kingdom. The promise and peril of the new science of social genomics 2019-10-20T04:00:00Z “This genotype is really easy to observe, so people at the regulatory agency can see it with their own eyes,” Lai says. China’s CRISPR push in animals promises better meat, novel therapies, and pig organs for people 2019-07-31T04:00:00Z There were almost 300 files that contained people’s raw genotype DNA data in massive blocks of code accessible to public viewing but understood only by someone familiar with the science of the human genome. DNA testing service Vitagene exposed thousands of customer records online for years 2019-07-09T04:00:00Z Describe the distribution of genotypes and phenotypes when F1 is crossed with the ab parent. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z “We also found some evidence of an ‘interaction’ between these two factors, meaning those with certain genotypes in DRD2 genes and elevated depressive symptoms may be at an even greater risk,” he said. Addicted to tanning: When it's about more than achieving 'a healthy glow' 2019-07-06T04:00:00Z From there, a digital file containing DNA genotype data derived from the crime scene was uploaded to GEDmatch, and promising matches were found for two of Talbott’s relatives, according to the Snohomish County Sheriff’s Office. SeaTac man convicted of 1987 murders of Canadian couple after DNA evidence linked him to case 2019-06-28T04:00:00Z The Berkeley team’s study analyzed genotype and death register details from more than 400,000 people registered at the UK Biobank - an database of health and genetic information. Rogue Chinese scientist made 'foolish' choice in gene-edited babies 2019-06-03T04:00:00Z Our latest study took these guidelines and genotype data in the biobank, and translated them into specific plans of action for the participants. Lili Milani banks Estonia’s genomic potential 2019-05-14T04:00:00Z Because they correspond to new allele combinations, the genotypes Ab and aB are nonparental types that result from homologous recombination during meiosis. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z The only option in my lab is to do a cervical swab to test for high-risk HPV genotypes including HPV 16 and 18 — the two strains that cause over 70 percent of HPV-related cancers. Perspective | The HPV vaccine is important for preteens and teenagers. What about older women? 2019-04-12T04:00:00Z “All corals were obliterated except for the best genotypes, the winners of the climate change lottery,” said Fine. Northern Red Sea coral reefs may survive a hot, grim future 2019-02-19T05:00:00Z A key to productive crop research is the ability to associate heritable plant traits with genotypes. Culturing better tea research 2019-02-05T05:00:00Z Without a wild ancestor to characterize, these changes can’t be observed directly, but cataloguing the genotypes of current strains enables geneticists to infer some of this history. The growth of tea 2019-02-05T05:00:00Z Infants with this genotype emit a characteristic high-pitched cry on which the disorder’s name is based. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z They started by advertising locally for participants interested in learning which diets or exercise programs best suited them, based on their genotypes. Mind May Trump DNA in Exercise and Eating Habits 2019-01-09T05:00:00Z Colleagues praise her contributions to the understanding of plant root development and how plant genotypes influence their traits. Mexico’s new science minister is a plant biologist who opposes transgenic crops 2018-10-04T04:00:00Z The trees need to be regularly cleaned of detritus, while around 300 coral genotypes across nine species must be sorted and tagged. Back from the brink: the global effort to save coral from climate change 2018-09-26T04:00:00Z This time, his genotype was listed as common/normal. Opinion | 23andMe Said He Would Lose His Mind. Ancestry Said the Opposite. Which Was Right? 2018-09-15T04:00:00Z Flamingos have genotypes for white feathers yet often appear with pink feathers within the same population. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Subsequently, adjacent bins with the same genotype within a physical distance of 100 kb were merged into larger bins to remove bins with spurious or missing genotypes. Genome sequence of the progenitor of wheat A subgenome Triticum urartu 2018-05-08T04:00:00Z In several cases, the geographical locations of the ancient genotypes do not match present-day distributions. Ancient hepatitis B viruses from the Bronze Age to the Medieval period 2018-05-08T04:00:00Z Scale bars, 200 µm. g, Epidermal thickness quantification of mice of the indicated genotypes in f. LUBAC is essential for embryogenesis by preventing cell death and enabling haematopoiesis 2018-04-24T04:00:00Z In b a significant main effect for genotype is indicated by bars spanning all conditions of the same genotype. Innate immune memory in the brain shapes neurological disease hallmarks 2018-04-10T04:00:00Z Changes in genotype can result in changes in phenotype. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z The run with maximum likelihood was used to assign individual genotypes into groups. Genome sequence of the progenitor of wheat A subgenome Triticum urartu 2018-05-08T04:00:00Z We provide evidence for the creation of HBV genotype A via recombination, and for a long-term association of modern HBV genotypes with humans, including the discovery of a human genotype that is now extinct. Ancient hepatitis B viruses from the Bronze Age to the Medieval period 2018-05-08T04:00:00Z For simplicity not all possible genotypes are represented. c, Percentage viability of macrophages from E13.5 fetal liver cell suspensions from embryos of the indicated genotypes. LUBAC is essential for embryogenesis by preventing cell death and enabling haematopoiesis 2018-04-24T04:00:00Z This table contains collection details for all sampled genotypes. Dysregulation of expression correlates with rare-allele burden and fitness loss in maize 2018-03-13T04:00:00Z Population variation is the distribution of genotypes in a population. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z One genotype can produce a diversity of phenotypes, the outward physical appearance. The Hidden Dogs of Dog Cloning 2018-03-10T05:00:00Z Dating the origin of hepatitis B virus reveals higher substitution rate and adaptation on the branch leading to F/H genotypes. Ancient hepatitis B viruses from the Bronze Age to the Medieval period 2018-05-08T04:00:00Z The average weight loss for each group was the same — 13 pounds — and there was no significant interaction between assigned diet and genotype or insulin levels. Low-fat vs. low-carb diet? New evidence in the debate 2018-02-27T05:00:00Z Ultimately the subjects’ genotypes did not appear to influence their responses to the diets. The Key to Weight Loss Is Diet Quality, Not Quantity, a New Study Finds 2018-02-20T05:00:00Z No, because the genotype frequencies, not allele frequencies, have to change for evolution to occur. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z This file contains a list of complete genotypes for the figures. Mechanical regulation of stem-cell differentiation by the stretch-activated Piezo channel 2018-02-06T05:00:00Z Ancient genotype A sequences are shown in red, ancient genotype B sequences in orange, ancient genotype D sequences in blue and novel genotype sequences in green. Ancient hepatitis B viruses from the Bronze Age to the Medieval period 2018-05-08T04:00:00Z Could genotype play a role in behavior as well, making certain children psychologically resistant to abuse? Two psychologists followed 1000 New Zealanders for decades. Here’s what they found about how childhood shapes later life 2018-02-01T05:00:00Z The idea is that tailoring treatment to the patient’s genotype, not to skin color or hair texture, would improve outcomes. Opinion | What Doctors Should Ignore 2017-12-08T05:00:00Z Recall that the frequency of an allele can be determined if the genotype is known. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Guts from flies with the indicated genotypes were dissected in live imaging medium. Mechanical regulation of stem-cell differentiation by the stretch-activated Piezo channel 2018-02-06T05:00:00Z Taxon names indicate: genotype or subgenotype, GenBank accession number, age, abbreviation of country of sequence origin, region of sequence origin, host species and optional additional remarks. Ancient hepatitis B viruses from the Bronze Age to the Medieval period 2018-05-08T04:00:00Z Browning, B. L. & Browning, S. R. Detecting identity by descent and estimating genotype error rates in sequence data. Genetic diversity of the African malaria vector Anopheles gambiae 2017-11-28T05:00:00Z To paraphrase: ‘We can’t even give people universal health care. Do you really think we can genotype everyone & have a copy of their genomes/DNA in their medical file?’ Opinion | What Doctors Should Ignore 2017-12-08T05:00:00Z Phenotype is an expression of the genotype and within a population genotypic variation occurs. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Polymorphism among the three genotypes did not prevent contig alignments but was sufficient to alter the locations of some of the fragile sites. Genome sequence of the progenitor of the wheat D genome Aegilops tauschii 2017-11-14T05:00:00Z Ancient genotype A sequences are shown in red, the ancient genotype B sequence in orange, ancient genotype D sequences in blue and novel genotype sequences in green. Ancient hepatitis B viruses from the Bronze Age to the Medieval period 2018-05-08T04:00:00Z We assigned each cell to either of two cell populations distinguished by the parental X-chromosome designated for inactivation using genotype phasing. Landscape of X chromosome inactivation across human tissues : Nature : Nature Research 2017-10-10T04:00:00Z The genotype of each cell is distinguished by colour. Genome editing reveals a role for OCT4 in human embryogenesis : Nature : Nature Research 2017-09-19T04:00:00Z The Hardy-Weinberg model of population dynamics is an algebraic representation of the relationships among genotype frequencies, F, and the probability of the dominant allele A, p, and the recessive allele a, q. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z More importantly, all sister blastomeres in all but one embryo carried identical genotypes, indicating a marked reduction in mosaicism in M-phase-injected embryos. Correction of a pathogenic gene mutation in human embryos : Nature : Nature Research 2017-08-01T04:00:00Z Dates were randomized within all sequences, within the ancient sequences only, and within each genotype. Ancient hepatitis B viruses from the Bronze Age to the Medieval period 2018-05-08T04:00:00Z These studies search for differences in people’s genetic makeup—their “genotypes”—that correlate with differences in their observable traits—their “phenotypes.” Intelligence and the DNA Revolution 2017-08-22T04:00:00Z The rest were processed for genotype analysis using MiSeq targeted deep sequencing. Genome editing reveals a role for OCT4 in human embryogenesis : Nature : Nature Research 2017-09-19T04:00:00Z In this case “light” is the single environmental factor, and they two phenotypes are ebony and wild type that result from different genotypes within the population of flies. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Permissively filtered candidate alleles and raw sequencing data were then given as input to BayesTyper using a probabilistic model to estimate genotypes. Sequencing and de novo assembly of 150 genomes from Denmark as a population reference : Nature : Nature Research 2017-07-25T04:00:00Z Moreover, by redefining molecular substructure as we have described here, new opportunities for improved risk-stratification tailored to treat individual patient subtypes according to their genotype are likely to emerge. The whole-genome landscape of medulloblastoma subtypes : Nature : Nature Research 2017-07-18T04:00:00Z A study of genetics in elk showed that those with an MM genotype died first. Elk and deer herds in danger decades after disease discovery 2017-05-17T04:00:00Z The genotype of each cell is distinguished by colour. Genome editing reveals a role for OCT4 in human embryogenesis : Nature : Nature Research 2017-09-19T04:00:00Z The dominant seed color is yellow; therefore, the parental genotypes were YY for the plants with yellow seeds and yy for the plants with green seeds, respectively. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Permissively filtered candidate alleles and raw sequencing data were then given as input to BayesTyper using a probabilistic model to estimate genotypes. Sequencing and de novo assembly of 150 genomes from Denmark as a population reference : Nature : Nature Research 2017-07-25T04:00:00Z The genotype calls were also imported into the genotype visualization software Flapjack97 to produce chromosome-scale images of haplotype diversity within the spring and winter pools. A chromosome conformation capture ordered sequence of the barley genome : Nature : Nature Research 2017-04-25T04:00:00Z Those with an ML genotype were the next to go, and those with an LL lived the longest. Elk and deer herds in danger decades after disease discovery 2017-05-17T04:00:00Z The samples showing some evidence of amplification were processed along with three control samples for genotype analysis. Genome editing reveals a role for OCT4 in human embryogenesis : Nature : Nature Research 2017-09-19T04:00:00Z Given that axial is dominant to terminal, list all of the possible F1 and F2 genotypes and phenotypes from a cross involving parents that are homozygous for each trait. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z The sampling procedure proceeds by sampling consecutive genotypes where the sampling probability is based on the proceeding sampled genotypes. Sequencing and de novo assembly of 150 genomes from Denmark as a population reference : Nature : Nature Research 2017-07-25T04:00:00Z The study also showed evidence that the vaccine protected against three other high-risk HPV genotypes involved in the development of cervical cancer. Vaccine credited with HPV virus reduction in Scotland - BBC News 2017-04-04T04:00:00Z To test the effect of the increasing number of driver mutations and chromosomal instability on tumour growth in vivo, we subcutaneously transplanted organoids from each genotype in mice and followed their progression longitudinally. A distinct role for Lgr5+ stem cells in primary and metastatic colon cancer : Nature : Nature Research 2017-03-28T04:00:00Z Where only the original reference genome sequence was identified, the genotype was classified as wild-type. Genome editing reveals a role for OCT4 in human embryogenesis : Nature : Nature Research 2017-09-19T04:00:00Z Describe the distribution of genotypes and phenotypes when F1 is crossed with the AB parent. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z The call-set was further post-processed using sample genotype filters, which were used to handle errors arising from data properties not completely accounted for by the model. Sequencing and de novo assembly of 150 genomes from Denmark as a population reference : Nature : Nature Research 2017-07-25T04:00:00Z The remaining discrepant samples were resolved by majority decision, assigning the genotype called by at least two of the methods. Integrated genomic and molecular characterization of cervical cancer : Nature : Nature Research 2017-01-22T05:00:00Z We next evaluated the effect of genotype on phenotypic attributes of CSCs. A distinct role for Lgr5+ stem cells in primary and metastatic colon cancer : Nature : Nature Research 2017-03-28T04:00:00Z When only edited sequences were detected, the genotype was defined as knockout. Genome editing reveals a role for OCT4 in human embryogenesis : Nature : Nature Research 2017-09-19T04:00:00Z Changes in genotype can result in changes in phenotype. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z The edge probabilities are derived directly from frequencies of observed genotypes in the 100 parents. Sequencing and de novo assembly of 150 genomes from Denmark as a population reference : Nature : Nature Research 2017-07-25T04:00:00Z Genotype calls were generated for the 94 F2 genotypes by summing up read counts over a sliding window of 500 variants, at all variant positions for which the parents were homozygous and polymorphic. The genome of Chenopodium quinoa : Nature : Nature Research 2017-02-07T05:00:00Z This set of high-quality SNPs with comprehensive knowledge of the genotype of every sample was referred to as the ‘reduced SNP set’ and used for further population analyses. Genome sequence and genetic diversity of European ash trees : Nature : Nature Research 2016-12-25T05:00:00Z Mutation is the engine of evolution, enabling advantageous mitochondrial genotypes to arise. Why humans develop sex cells as embryos — but corals don't 2016-12-19T05:00:00Z Use the symbols S, s, R, and r to construct a representation of the parental genotypes in the test cross. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z “What’s your genotype?” he asked me in one of our first telephone conversations. An Almost-Love Story 2016-12-09T05:00:00Z Moreover, there’s evidence that the drug interacts more strongly with certain genotypes. The Trouble With Tylenol and Pregnancy 2016-09-24T04:00:00Z To genotype each sample individually at the variant loci called in the previous steps, the ‘Identify Known Mutations from sample mappings’ tool within the CLC Biomedical Genomics workbench was used. Genome sequence and genetic diversity of European ash trees : Nature : Nature Research 2016-12-25T05:00:00Z “We found no evidence at all that FTO genotype affected weight loss,” says Mathers. Don't Blame Your DNA If You Can't Lose Weight 2016-09-20T04:00:00Z Use the symbols P, p, L, and l to construct a representation of the F2 genotypes and complete the second column in the table. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z “Which one is the genotype and which one is the blood type?” An Almost-Love Story 2016-12-09T05:00:00Z Housing reserved for people of a certain genotype, one that is not theirs. The Uses of Patriotism 2016-09-16T04:00:00Z Peaks from the three replicates were aligned with xcms for both positive and negative mode and features tested for practical significance to determine the differences between the tolerant and susceptible genotypes. Genome sequence and genetic diversity of European ash trees : Nature : Nature Research 2016-12-25T05:00:00Z Because variants of two genes have large effects on the rate at which warfarin is metabolized, it was widely expected that clinical trials would show that warfarin dosing is improved by screening for patients' genotypes. Pharmacogenetics: The right drug for you : Nature : Nature Research 2016-09-06T04:00:00Z The equal segregation of alleles is the reason we can apply the Punnett square to accurately predict the offspring of parents with known genotypes. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z For our ancestors, safety was in numbers, so evolution favored those who craved the bond with others — and hence the GG genotype may have survived. Loneliness can be depressing, but it may have helped humans survive 2016-09-02T04:00:00Z “Knowing the genotype of this gene may explain why people react differently to different drugs,” he added. Your Genes May Determine How Much Coffee You Drink 2016-08-26T04:00:00Z In a study, published today in the Proceedings of the Royal Society B, researchers collected nearly 700 wild and farmed carp from across Madagascar and studied their scale patterns and genotypes. Carp undergo ‘reverse evolution’ to get their scales back 2016-08-23T04:00:00Z “It didn’t seem to matter whether you personalized based on current diet, phenotype or genotype,” Dr. Mathers says. Test Your Genes to Find Your Best Diet 2016-08-22T04:00:00Z It would be extremely cumbersome to manually enter each genotype. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z On the other hand, the group also needed people less upset by being alone — those who might venture far away, explore the environment — such as the carriers of the AA genotype. Loneliness can be depressing, but it may have helped humans survive 2016-09-02T04:00:00Z For each variant, summary data for genotype quality, allele depth and population specific allele counts were calculated before removing all genotype data. Analysis of protein-coding genetic variation in 60,706 humans : Nature : Nature Research 2016-08-16T04:00:00Z “The human intentions around escaping racial terror can’t possibly be reduced to genotype,” she said. Tales of African-American History Found in DNA 2016-05-27T04:00:00Z “If you think about the coral that survived, those are the most robust genotypes. So that means what doesn’t kill you makes you stronger.” A Radical Attempt to Save the Reefs and Forests 2016-04-18T04:00:00Z The recessive c allele does not produce pigment, and a mouse with the homozygous recessive cc genotype is albino regardless of the allele present at the A locus. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z In a 2015 study, undergraduates played a computer game in which they got sidelined by others: Only those who had the GG genotype ended up with elevated stress hormone, cortisol and higher blood pressure. Loneliness can be depressing, but it may have helped humans survive 2016-09-02T04:00:00Z Still, if The Donald and Yankee Jonathan are not twins, they clearly share a genotype. The genie grown monstrous: How Donald Trump, the all-American Frankenstein, devoured the GOP 2016-01-24T05:00:00Z In their view, the evidence for an interaction between coffee and a person’s genetics, or “genotype,” is weak. A government panel said drinking coffee is harmless. Why that might be wrong. 2015-11-23T05:00:00Z The new drug used by this study, however, is a single combination regimen that is effective in all patients regardless of genotype. Study Finds 12-Week Drug Regimen Effectively Cures Hepatitis C 2015-11-17T05:00:00Z Early geneticists relied on the observation of phenotypic changes to understand the genotype of an organism. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Nevertheless, combining genotype and phenotype information is proving fruitful from a research perspective. Big data: The power of petabytes : Nature : Nature Publishing Group 2015-11-03T05:00:00Z Ideally, says Nelson, one standard treatment protocol should work against all genotypes without the need to test initial responses and regardless of cirrhosis status. Study suggests unprecedented 3-week hepatitis C cure 2015-10-30T04:00:00Z Gene-therapy trials often address rare diseases for which little is known about the natural history and genotype–phenotype relationships. Gene therapy returns to centre stage : Nature : Nature Publishing Group 2015-10-13T04:00:00Z After excluding these individuals from the reference panel, we imputed genotypes across the genome using sites on a typical one million SNP microarray. A global reference for human genetic variation : Nature : Nature Publishing Group 2015-09-29T04:00:00Z Although natural selection may work in a single generation on an individual, it can take thousands or even millions of years for the genotype of an entire species to evolve. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Summary of phenotype–genotype association testing strategies employed in the UK10K-cohorts study. The UK10K project identifies rare variants in health and disease : Nature : Nature Publishing Group 2015-09-13T04:00:00Z Strains are informally named by breeders and are not associated with a genotype in the same way that formal varieties or cultivars are. Botany: The cultivation of weed : Nature : Nature Publishing Group 2015-09-22T04:00:00Z “Once we have bred the plants that meet our needs,” he says, “we can control the chemical phenotype by fixing the genotype.” Drug development: The treasure chest : Nature : Nature Publishing Group 2015-09-22T04:00:00Z This provided a cost-effective means to discover genetic variants and estimate individual genotypes and haplotypes1, 2. A global reference for human genetic variation : Nature : Nature Publishing Group 2015-09-29T04:00:00Z Changes in genotype can result in changes in phenotype. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Summary of phenotype–genotype association testing strategies employed in the UK10K-cohorts study. The UK10K project identifies rare variants in health and disease : Nature : Nature Publishing Group 2015-09-13T04:00:00Z Scientists used selected genotypes of one variety of Mediterranean cypress, Cupressus sempervirens var. horizontalis, which is resistant to bark canker disease. Enigma of the trees that resist wildfires - BBC News 2015-09-01T04:00:00Z Branch 19 was omitted to preserve scale; the Kennewick genotype was ancestral at all 145 sites for which read data were available. The ancestry and affiliations of Kennewick Man : Nature : Nature Publishing Group 2015-06-17T04:00:00Z Gilbert will use the taste ratings from the panelists when she does the biochemical analysis in the lab, creating a huge data sets for each genotype. University leads the way in building a better blueberry 2015-06-28T04:00:00Z Notice that there are two ways to obtain the Yy genotype: a Y from the egg and a y from the sperm, or a y from the egg and a Y from the sperm. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z However, Merck’s new combination therapy will stack up competitively against Harvoni except in genotype 1 cases when the viral load is low. Merck May Dent Gilead's Hepatitis C Sales 2015-06-10T04:00:00Z In a bulletin sent to crime labs, the FBI said the problem stemmed from “clerical mistakes in transcriptions of the genotypes and to limitations of the old technology and software.” FBI notifies crime labs of errors used in DNA match calculations since 1999 2015-05-29T04:00:00Z Branch 19 was omitted to preserve scale; the Kennewick genotype was ancestral at all 145 sites for which read data were available. The ancestry and affiliations of Kennewick Man : Nature : Nature Publishing Group 2015-06-17T04:00:00Z The social insects solved the problem by establishing a tiny corps of undertakers: bees in late middle age and of a particular genotype that has yet to be decoded. Nature’s Waste Management Crews 2015-05-25T04:00:00Z The data set is too small to predict the genotype of the round pea plant. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Second, genotypes are passed down from parents to offspring. How to create an auroch 2015-05-24T04:00:00Z Smokers with this genotype weighed almost three pounds less than smokers who didn’t inherit this genetic variant. This Is Not a Good Reason to Smoke Cigarettes 2015-03-17T04:00:00Z “One is that hybridization is bad, because it dilutes the genotype of the two species that are hybridizing. You’ll eventually lose the wolf genotype and the coyote genotype,” he said. University of Michigan researchers track coyote-wolf hybrids 2015-03-02T05:00:00Z "The beauty of in situ conservation is in its dynamic nature - we aim to converse natural genetic diversity per se, rather than specific genes or genotypes. " First tree seeds for Doomsday vault 2015-03-01T05:00:00Z The data set is too small to predict the genotype of the round pea plant. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z First, the physical and behavioral characteristics that define an individual—that individual’s phenotype—are determined by the sequence of the individual’s genome—its genotype—and the interaction of that genotype with the environment. How to create an auroch 2015-05-24T04:00:00Z Snapshot combs through a genotype, searching for significant markers and clusters that might indicate physical attributes and removing unimportant variables. Police turn to new DNA-powered technology in hopes of finding killer 2015-02-23T05:00:00Z Dr. Shriver processed the genotype data and sent us renderings of the donors’ faces. I’ve Just Seen a (DNA-Generated) Face 2015-02-23T05:00:00Z Chavez said identifying the measles genotype could help determine the country where the initial measles exposure occurred but would not help officials stop the spread of the highly contagious virus. California health officials say may not find source of measles outbreak 2015-02-19T05:00:00Z Each individual can donate four combinations of two traits: TI, Ti, tI, or ti, meaning that there are 16 possibilities of offspring genotypes. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Allelic histone acetylation at enhancers is highly specific to individual genotypes, and often occurs near sequence variants that alter transcription factor binding, suggesting cis-acting sequence drivers for at least a subset of these regions61, 72. Integrative analysis of 111 reference human epigenomes : Nature : Nature Publishing Group 2015-02-17T05:00:00Z Because this published method required full genotypes to be available, this comparison was limited to only the MS dataset. Genetic and epigenetic fine mapping of causal autoimmune disease variants : Nature : Nature Publishing Group 2014-10-28T04:00:00Z Centers for Disease Control and Prevention notes that the genotype of the measles virus in this country is identical to one that caused a serious outbreak in the Philippines in 2014. Fears of measles crossing southern border into U.S. are unfounded 2015-02-17T05:00:00Z According to the Centers for Infectious Disease Research and Policy at the University of Minnesota, the genotype linked to the Disney outbreak is circulating in 14 countries around the world. The measles vaccine is a shot of common sense 2015-01-31T05:00:00Z For crosses involving more than two genes, use the forked line or probability methods to predict offspring genotypes and phenotypes rather than a Punnett square. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z We thank the 1000 Genomes Project for sharing genotype data that were analysed as part of this project. The African Genome Variation Project shapes medical genetics in Africa : Nature : Nature Publishing Group 2014-12-02T05:00:00Z First, are datasets comprised of rich phenotype plus genotype information actually valuable – will they lead to the insight and cures the optimists imagine, and the deal dollars anticipate? Does 23andMe Deal Mean Medical Centers Are Sitting On Data Worth Millions? 2015-01-08T05:00:00Z Express Scripts said it would still pay for Sovaldi when used to treat other genotypes. AbbVie Deal Heralds Changed Landscape for Hepatitis Drugs 2014-12-22T05:00:00Z Every student received a laminated card, like a credit card, with their personal information and their genotype. Q&A: Healthy progress : Nature : Nature Publishing Group 2014-11-11T05:00:00Z The organism’s underlying genetic makeup, i.e., the combination of alleles, is called its genotype. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Finally, we present an efficient genotype array design capturing common genetic variation in Africa. The African Genome Variation Project shapes medical genetics in Africa : Nature : Nature Publishing Group 2014-12-02T05:00:00Z The authors of the study, published in the journal Molecular Psychiatry, said at least 5-10% of all violent crime in Finland could be attributed to individuals with these genotypes. Two genes linked with violent crime 2014-10-28T04:00:00Z Cooper’s team will study genotypes, an organism’s genetic code, and phenotypes, expressed traits of an organism. UNH scientists taking part in NASA research 2014-10-19T04:00:00Z Students with an abnormal genotype received additional information and counselling. Q&A: Healthy progress : Nature : Nature Publishing Group 2014-11-11T05:00:00Z When diploid organisms carry the same alleles for a given trait, they are said to be homozygous for the genotype; when they carry different alleles, they are said to be heterozygous. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z The approval is only for the main subtype of hepatitis, called genotype 1, which accounts for about 70 percent of cases in the United States. Harvoni, a Hepatitis C Drug From Gilead, Wins F.D.A. Approval 2014-10-10T04:00:00Z The other is that the virus genotype varies from place to place, depending on when it first arrived somewhere. Journey into night 2014-10-01T04:00:00Z Consequently, clinicians use familiar racial categories such as 'black' or 'Ashkenazi Jewish' as crude markers of genotypes, in a step towards individualized medicine. Genetics: Under the skin : Nature : Nature Publishing Group 2014-09-16T04:00:00Z With support from the Jamaican ministries of health and education, we offered free, voluntary testing for haemoglobin genotype to students mostly aged 15–19 over a period of six years. Q&A: Healthy progress : Nature : Nature Publishing Group 2014-11-11T05:00:00Z Mendel’s hybridization experiments demonstrate the difference between phenotype and genotype. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z They also determined that the virus's genes mutate very fast—a process that has generated several equally successful varieties, called genotypes, and rendered an effective vaccine impossible to create so far. We Now Have the Cure for Hepatitis C, but Can We Afford It? 2014-09-04T04:00:00Z The answer is that these teenagers are not catching it from each other: few pupils shared viral genotypes. Is the end in sight? 2014-07-24T04:00:00Z We processed the genotypes from all studies using unified quality control procedures followed by imputation of SNPs and insertion-deletions using the 1000 Genomes Project reference panel25. Biological insights from 108 schizophrenia-associated genetic loci : Nature : Nature Publishing Group 2014-07-21T04:00:00Z Your evolutionary fitness “depends not only on your own genotype, but also on the genotype of your friends,” Christakis said. Research: Human friendships based on genetic similarities beyond the superficial When P1 plants with contrasting traits were cross-fertilized, all of the offspring were heterozygous for the contrasting trait, meaning that their genotype reflected that they had different alleles for the gene being examined. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z The combination helps 25 to 75 percent of patients, depending on the genotype of the virus. We Now Have the Cure for Hepatitis C, but Can We Afford It? 2014-09-04T04:00:00Z They have enough data to be able to reconstruct a grandmother's DNA and an estimate of her face based on her grandchildren's genotype. Looking for the faces of our ancestors 2014-06-02T04:00:00Z The four genotypes in this model are XX gonadal males or females, and XY gonadal males or females. Policy: NIH to balance sex in cell and animal studies 2014-05-13T04:00:00Z And even within a crop like rice, different cultivars or genotypes were more or less resistant to the effects of CO2. Carbon Pollution Could Make Your Sandwich Less Healthy 2014-05-07T18:44:10Z Drosophila males lack a second allele copy on the Y chromosome; that is, their genotype can only be XWY or XwY. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z The combination cured at least 94 percent of patients with genotype 1 disease. We Now Have the Cure for Hepatitis C, but Can We Afford It? 2014-09-04T04:00:00Z The work provides a detailed view of the population genetics of this organism, revealing an array of diverse genotypes that hint at the evolutionary and environmental forces that generate and maintain diversity. [Perspective] Being Selective in the Prochlorococcus Collective 2014-04-29T14:56:09.714Z For cases in which there is a single affected proband and no family history, investigators should consider sequencing the unaffected parents of the probands, permitting efficient discovery of de novo mutations and compound heterozygous genotypes. Guidelines for investigating causality of sequence variants in human disease 2014-04-23T17:21:03.147Z The study worked for patients with genotype 1 infections, which account for 45% of infections in the UK. Hepatitis C trial a 'turning point' 2014-04-12T05:01:41Z However, consider two heterozygous parents that have a genotype of wild- type/nonfunctional mutant for a hypothetical essential gene. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z It heralds a new era of curative treatment for patients with hepatitis C. Similar drugs that work equally well for all genotypes are now in the final stages of clinical development. We Now Have the Cure for Hepatitis C, but Can We Afford It? 2014-09-04T04:00:00Z This indicates a moderate to strong influence of viral genotype on the viral load. [Review] Virulence and Pathogenesis of HIV-1 Infection: An Evolutionary Perspective 2014-03-20T18:25:45.924Z Shaken, they decided that the first step was to genotype all the laboratory strains in their collection. Retractions: A clean slate 2014-03-19T18:21:01.391Z Roche says it sidesteps that problem because its test specifically detects two subtypes of the virus, known as genotypes 16 and 18, that account for 70 percent of the cancer cases. An F.D.A. Panel Recommends a Possible Replacement for the Pap Test 2014-03-13T01:11:46Z Punnett squares can be used to predict genotypes and phenotypes of offspring involving one or two genes. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Interindividual variation in immune responses is accompanied by diverging patterns of gene regulation dependent on underlying genotype. [Research Article] Innate Immune Activity Conditions the Effect of Regulatory Variants upon Monocyte Gene Expression 2014-03-06T20:26:02.685Z We review recent evidence showing that HIV genotype influences the set-point viral load far more than anticipated. [Review] Virulence and Pathogenesis of HIV-1 Infection: An Evolutionary Perspective 2014-03-20T18:25:45.924Z “If you recreate a species genetically and release it, and that genotype is based on a bird from a 100-year-old environment, you probably will increase risk.” The Mammoth Cometh 2014-02-27T10:00:19Z The new treatments must be carefully selected for each patient, because some drugs are more effective than others against particular genotypes. Well: Progress Against Hepatitis C, a Sneaky Virus 2014-02-24T05:01:20Z For the F2 generation of a monohybrid cross, the following three possible combinations of genotypes could result: homozygous dominant, heterozygous, or homozygous recessive. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z We used genotype networks to analyze the binding site repertoires of 193 transcription factors from mice and yeast, providing empirical evidence that robustness and evolvability need not be conflicting properties. [Report] The Robustness and Evolvability of Transcription Factor Binding Sites 2014-02-20T19:25:54.624Z This indicates a moderate to strong influence of viral genotype on the viral load. [Review] Virulence and Pathogenesis of HIV-1 Infection: An Evolutionary Perspective 2014-03-20T18:25:45.924Z Understanding correlations, such as the dynamic relationship between genotype and BMI, may be key in developing interventions for sleep issues like social jet lag. Why We Are Not Getting Enough Sleep 2014-02-11T16:33:48Z Sovaldi already can be used without injected interferon to treat people infected with genotypes 2 and 3 — about a quarter of all hepatitis C patients in this country. Well: Progress Against Hepatitis C, a Sneaky Virus 2014-02-24T05:01:20Z Round, green and wrinkled, yellow offspring can also be calculated using the product rule, as each of these genotypes includes one dominant and one recessive phenotype. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z I had my genotype sequenced, visited neuroscientist David Eagleman’s lab to participate in an fMRI study, took a couple of personality tests, and peered at drunken fruit flies, courtesy of behavioral geneticist Ulrike Heberlein. New Book, “Me, Myself and Why,” Hits the Shelves 2014-01-30T05:02:47Z The six different genotypes include the reference, four other accessions, and one Beta maritima accession. The genome of the recently domesticated crop plant sugar beet (Beta vulgaris) 2014-01-22T18:21:48.441Z Such stochasticity in transcription increases the heterogeneity among cells and likely contributes to the phenotypic variance among individuals of identical genotype. [Report] Single-Cell RNA-Seq Reveals Dynamic, Random Monoallelic Gene Expression in Mammalian Cells 2014-01-09T18:56:54.368Z Most American patients are infected with genotype 1. Well: Progress Against Hepatitis C, a Sneaky Virus 2014-02-24T05:01:20Z Rather than writing out every possible genotype, we can use the probability method. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z But for those with another variant, called genotype 3, the data are less promising. Gilead's $1,000 Pill Could Eradicate Hepatitis C, But Ethical And Financial Challenges Loom 2013-12-19T16:22:00Z The six different genotypes include the reference, four other accessions, and one Beta maritima accession. The genome of the recently domesticated crop plant sugar beet (Beta vulgaris) 2014-01-22T18:21:48.441Z In clinical trials, the combination of drugs produced high cure rates in patients with the most common, but hardest to treat, genotype 1 strain of the liver virus. Gilead to seek okay for combo hepatitis C pill in first quarter 2013-12-18T14:07:32Z The Food and Drug Administration is expected to approve an all-oral drug treatment for genotype 1 infection, without interferon, toward the end of this year. Well: Progress Against Hepatitis C, a Sneaky Virus 2014-02-24T05:01:20Z These are called the parental genotypes because they have been inherited intact from the parents of the individual producing gametes. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Given the flood of profits expected from this combination, Gilead should look very hard about getting genotype 3 studies started with Bristol – and fast. Gilead's $1,000 Pill Could Eradicate Hepatitis C, But Ethical And Financial Challenges Loom 2013-12-19T16:22:00Z The six different genotypes include the reference, four other accessions, and one Beta maritima accession. The genome of the recently domesticated crop plant sugar beet (Beta vulgaris) 2014-01-22T18:21:48.441Z For genotype 1, which accounts for more than 70 percent of American cases, Sovaldi is supposed to be used with injected interferon and ribavirin. F.D.A. Approves Pill to Treat Hepatitis C 2013-12-07T01:41:01Z Gilead has said it plans to file in the first half of next year for FDA approval of an all-oral regimen for genotype 1 patients. FDA approves Gilead's $1,000-a-day hepatitis C pill 2013-12-07T00:11:50Z Use the symbols S, s, R, and r to construct a representation of the parental and recombinant genotypes in the test cross. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z The two governors' families immigrated from S. Asia, and their genotypes are dominantly Caucasian. Inequality in America: Gini in the bottle 2013-11-26T15:26:28Z Previous studies addressing the variation within the genus Beta indicated high divergence between genotypes. The genome of the recently domesticated crop plant sugar beet (Beta vulgaris) 2014-01-22T18:21:48.441Z Cure rates with Sovaldi, a polymerase inhibitor, are over 80 percent, though success and treatment duration depend in part on which strain, or genotype, of the virus is involved. F.D.A. Approves Pill to Treat Hepatitis C 2013-12-07T01:41:01Z Patients with the much less common genotype 4 infections will also be treated with a three-drug combination. FDA approves Gilead's $1,000-a-day hepatitis C pill 2013-12-07T00:11:50Z Complete the fourth column of the table above by recording the values of the predicted numbers of plants with each genotype. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Traditional clinical research faces severe limitations and is ill-suited to help us understand the relationship between genotype and phenotype. 23andMe: A Fumbling Gene In Its Corporate DNA? 2013-11-29T15:19:00Z Current standard treatments for genotype 1 often include a protease inhibitor. FDA panel unanimously backs Gilead's hepatitis C drug sofosbuvir 2013-10-25T18:55:01Z For genotypes 2 and 3, which together account for about 20 to 25 percent of cases in the United States, Sovaldi’s label recommends the drug be used with ribavirin. F.D.A. Approves Pill to Treat Hepatitis C 2013-12-07T01:41:01Z In addition, the regimen is not that effective for many people living with hepatitis C, especially those with hard-to-treat genotype 1 infections. Preview - New wave of oral hepatitis C drugs near U.S. approval 2013-10-23T16:38:38Z But what ultimately interests most biologists is not the frequencies of different alleles, but the frequencies of the resulting genotypes, known as the population’s genetic structure, from which scientists can surmise the distribution of phenotypes. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z However, these strains did NOT carry the Ax21 insertion mutant genotype. Lab Life: The Anatomy of a Retraction 2013-10-10T19:45:05.090Z The panel voted 15 to 0 in favor of approval of the drug in patients with two variants of the liver-damaging disease - genotype 2 and genotype 3 - in combination with an existing treatment, ribavirin. FDA panel unanimously backs Gilead's hepatitis C drug sofosbuvir 2013-10-25T18:55:01Z If this is so, we have not yet identified the underlying rules, suggesting that these are either too subtle or complex, or that dissemination is linked to a specific phenotype, not genotype. Selection and adaptation during metastatic cancer progression 2013-09-18T17:22:42.817Z Earlier trials of the company's all-oral combination for genotype 1 resulted in more than 95 percent of patients being cured, McHutchison said. Preview - New wave of oral hepatitis C drugs near U.S. approval 2013-10-23T16:38:38Z If the frequencies of alleles or genotypes deviate from the value expected from the Hardy–Weinberg equation, then the population is evolving. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z In many cancers that follow the stem-cell model, tumorigenic cells may reproduce the cell hierarchy but not the genotype of the tumour of origin. Tumour heterogeneity and cancer cell plasticity 2013-09-18T17:21:13.347Z This strongly suggests that the predominant genotype in nature is homozygous recessive green.” In North American Katydids, Green isn't the Dominant Colour, Pink is 2013-08-14T02:15:05.927Z We need see if the genotype, or the genetic make-up, matches that of pure NGSDs. Expedition to Find the New Guinea Singing Dog: The Rarest Dog in the World 2013-07-05T15:15:02.427Z The FDA advisory committee will also hear comment this week on Johnson & Johnson's application to sell simeprevir, an experimental protease inhibitor designed to target genotype 1 HCV. Preview - New wave of oral hepatitis C drugs near U.S. approval 2013-10-23T16:38:38Z Allele frequencies also can change due to mutation in DNA and when individuals do not randomly mate with others; when an individual selects a mate based on phenotype, the genotype is also selected. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z And growing these local species preserves their particular genotypes, which might otherwise become extinct. In the Garden: Native Flora Garden Opens at Brooklyn Botanic Garden 2013-06-12T22:57:31Z The basis for the inconsistent induction of microglial phagocytosis by nuclear receptor agonists is unclear but appears to vary as a function of age, genotype, diet, drug administration schedules, and other unknown variables. [Technical Response] Response to Comments on “ApoE-Directed Therapeutics Rapidly Clear β-Amyloid and Reverse Deficits in AD Mouse Models” 2013-05-23T18:26:03.153Z After the behavior tests, the level of amyloid pathology was compared between treated and control mice within each genotype. [Technical Comment] Comment on “ApoE-Directed Therapeutics Rapidly Clear β-Amyloid and Reverse Deficits in AD Mouse Models” 2013-05-23T18:25:15.477Z It has first sought FDA approval to use sofosbuvir along with ribavirin as an all-oral therapy for genotype 2 and 3 infections, or about 28 percent of the U.S. hepatitis C patient population. Preview - New wave of oral hepatitis C drugs near U.S. approval 2013-10-23T16:38:38Z Numbers of each genotype are given in the following table: Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z However, rare variants are also the most prone to genotype errors. [Technical Response] Response to Comment on “Evidence of Abundant Purifying Selection in Humans for Recently Acquired Regulatory Functions” 2013-05-09T17:55:20.553Z More than that, the abstract contains the following sentence: “Response appeared to be related to LDLr genotype and residual LDLr activity.” Wall Street Gets It Backward On Amgen Cholesterol Drug 2013-04-30T00:08:53Z One consequence of this complex genotype–phenotype relationship is that it may impose constraints on natural selection. DNA at 60: Still Much to Learn 2013-04-28T12:15:00.207Z HCV patients have genotype 1, up to 20 percent are infected with genotype 2, and 8 percent have genotype 3. Preview - New wave of oral hepatitis C drugs near U.S. approval 2013-10-23T16:38:38Z People with the FokI CC genotype did not benefit at all. Vitamin D might help some Parkinson's patients 2013-03-27T19:44:40Z The study tested Gilead's sofosbuvir, in combination with a standard drug for the infection, ribavirin, in patients with genotype 2 or 3 of the virus who did not respond to prior treatments. Gilead's hep C drug meets main goal of fourth late-stage study 2013-02-19T15:44:57Z Efforts to connect sequences with symptoms — or in genetic parlance, genotype with phenotype — have taken on increased urgency as clinical sequencing gains traction and funders put more money towards rare diseases. Data barriers limit genetic diagnosis 2013-02-13T18:20:29.123Z We found that the trees we tipped, compared with control trees that were not tipped, the different genotypes responded differently. Sugar-rich willow biofuels boost 2013-01-25T09:51:18Z The company plans to file for FDA approval of that regimen, which includes genotype 1 patients, in the first half of next year. Preview - New wave of oral hepatitis C drugs near U.S. approval 2013-10-23T16:38:38Z Still, he said, "As we get more and more convinced that people with certain genotypes may respond differently to policies, that means that alternative policies may be necessary." Vital Signs: Prevention: Efficacy of Tobacco Taxes Tied to Gene Type 2012-12-10T21:36:33Z “Most genotypes do not change in frequency because they're not involved in lifespan,” he says. Centenarians: Great expectations 2012-12-06T12:21:05.907Z Divergence and diversity parameters were estimated using ‘haploidized’ data by randomly choosing one allele from heterozygous genotypes. The genomic landscape of species divergence in Ficedula flycatchers 2012-12-05T15:23:01.900Z When we observe the relationship between genotype, stress, life history and phenotype in several environments, it makes it possible for us to develop predictions about these relationships, their causality, and their meaning. Bone Mineral Density Status: It s Complicated 2012-11-17T01:15:00.180Z The genotypes did not match, which the researchers said proved that each rash represented a new infection, not a relapse. New Infection, Not Relapse, Brings Back Symptoms of Lyme Disease, Study Finds 2012-11-14T22:08:08Z For the genotype data set in O. rufipogon, genotypes of 446 accessions were called specifically at the ~5 million SNP sites that were polymorphic in the population. A map of rice genome variation reveals the origin of cultivated rice 2012-10-24T17:21:24.910Z One might expect these 'longevity genotypes' to be perfectly attuned for health — devoid of variants associated with increased disease risk. Centenarians: Great expectations 2012-12-06T12:21:05.907Z The simultaneous advances in human genetics and genomics offer opportunities for combining studies of host genotype with microbiome phenotype. Genomic approaches to studying the human microbiota 2012-09-13T11:21:35.367Z Researchers observed and compared wild mustard plants of two different genotypes — not two different species — that grew in meadows in Montana and Colorado. Observatory: Unique Spice Genes Seen in Mustard Plants 2012-09-07T06:30:02Z For SNP k and genotype g, observed data in normal samples were modelled as following a bivariate Gaussian distribution. Recurrent R-spondin fusions in colon cancer 2012-08-29T17:52:03.740Z The genotype calls in 15 accessions of outgroup species were used to determine the ancestral states of SNPs in and . A map of rice genome variation reveals the origin of cultivated rice 2012-10-24T17:21:24.910Z “Therefore, those genotypes that do change are either going down in frequency because they're killing people or going up because they are promoting longevity.” Centenarians: Great expectations 2012-12-06T12:21:05.907Z Methods for viewing the microbiome as a quantitative trait and relating this to host genotype are being developed. Genomic approaches to studying the human microbiota 2012-09-13T11:21:35.367Z The researchers placed 4,000 mustard plants of two different genotypes in two meadows, on a mountaintop in Montana and in a valley in Colorado, and observed them for several years. Observatory: Unique Spice Genes Seen in Mustard Plants 2012-09-07T06:30:02Z Cluster centres for the three diploid genotypes were modelled jointly by a six-dimensional Gaussian distribution, with mean treated as a hyperparameter and set empirically based on a training set of 156 normal samples. Recurrent R-spondin fusions in colon cancer 2012-08-29T17:52:03.740Z HPV is part of an enormously heterogeneous family of viruses with more than 200 individual genotypes. Q&A: On the case 2012-08-29T17:51:29.740Z The idea is that probing already-donated DNA to find trial participants is less costly than screening large populations to identify people of the desired genotype. Is Future-Use DNA Sampling Ethical? 2012-07-13T14:45:09.280Z But the foregoing discussion shows that kinship should be considered just one way of getting positive regression of genotype in the recipient, and that it is this positive regression that is vitally necessary for altruism. The Good Fight 2012-07-09T16:15:00.200Z Although we observed several other mutations, their occurrence was not consistent among the airborne viruses, indicating that of the heterogeneous virus populations generated by passaging in ferrets, viruses with different genotypes were transmissible. [Special Issue Report] Airborne Transmission of Influenza A/H5N1 Virus Between Ferrets 2012-06-21T18:26:51.147Z I love broccoli, despite my “bitter taste” genotype. UGS (Universal Genome Sequencing) in the Mid-21st Century 2012-06-09T18:45:02.963Z Also, teasing out correlations between particular genotypes and diseases in a statistically meaningful way requires large sets of data; the larger the set, the more believable the correlations. Genomic research: Consent 2.0 2012-04-26T15:02:43Z The top two: · Future-use is spelled out in informed consent documents from now on · The potential information from future DNA tests has “clinical validity” – that is, a detected genotype predicts a clinical condition or predisposition. Is Future-Use DNA Sampling Ethical? 2012-07-13T14:45:09.280Z "What we think is happening is that things are melting out all the time and you're getting mixing of these old and new genotypes," he said. Melting Glaciers Liberate Ancient Microbes 2012-04-18T15:45:01.093Z In the early years of the project, examining the children's genotypes was just a fond hope. Children of the 90s: Coming of age 2012-04-11T17:20:42.063Z But in the United States national identity is supposed to be defined by an idea, not by genotype. Does Marco Rubio Want To Create Second-Class Citizens? 2012-04-03T10:45:06Z Some researchers have proposed that testing patients for a genotype that has a cure rate of less than 40 percent with previous treatment might help make treatment the more cost effective. Hepatitis C Now Killing More Americans than HIV 2012-02-20T23:15:00.303Z The virus has different forms -- A, B and C -- which are further broken down into subgroups called genotypes. Boomers’ Drug Use Pushes Hepatitis Deaths Past HIV, Study Finds 2012-02-20T22:22:01Z Methods for quantitative genetic analyses include phenotype measures, quantitative genetic analyses of phenotypes, statistical analyses of genotype–phenotype associations and predictive models, and a web-based association analysis pipeline. The Drosophila melanogaster Genetic Reference Panel 2012-02-08T18:51:32.053Z An earlier study of the medicine, acquired in the $10.8 billion Pharmasset purchase, cured all patients with genotype 2 and 3. Gilead Rises on Hepatitis C Trial Results: San Francisco Mover 2012-02-03T21:32:02Z Now a review published in finds no clinically relevant relationship between the CYP2C19 genotype and cardiovascular events. Clopidogrel Testing Comes Under Fire 2011-12-27T21:12:39Z This is individualized medicine on two levels—ascertaining the genotype of each patient, and using this to guide therapy choices based on each individual patient’s characteristics. Nissen and Topol Clash Over Genetics and Personalized Medicine 2011-12-27T21:33:56Z Without prior consideration of the underlying genetics, patients in a particular trial group might receive a drug that is ineffective for their genotype — or worse still, dangerous. Perspective: The clinical trial barriers 2011-12-21T18:21:08.477Z This relationship determines our ability to predict phenotypes from genotypes and to understand how evolutionary forces shape variation within and between species. The Drosophila melanogaster Genetic Reference Panel 2012-02-08T18:51:32.053Z The drug was tested in combination with ribavirin, which is currently used in treating the disease in patients with hepatitis C genotypes 2 and 3. Pharmasset Poised to Pay 20% With Gilead Deal Closing: Real M&A 2011-12-05T23:59:49Z As an additional quality control measure, we also confirmed the genotype of multiple individuals from the Australian case–control study, particularly those with a family history of melanoma, via Sanger sequencing, identifying no genotyping errors. A novel recurrent mutation in MITF predisposes to familial and sporadic melanoma 2011-11-30T18:21:18Z At an AHA news conference Mega said that the study offered some assistance to physicians if they are aware of a patient’s genotype. ELEVATE TIMI 56: One New Piece of the Clopidogrel Puzzle 2011-11-16T18:11:16Z These types of trials select patients according to their genotype, rather than the normal methods based on shared clinical diagnostic and biological characteristics. Perspective: The clinical trial barriers 2011-12-21T18:21:08.477Z Previous efforts to dissect the genotype–phenotype map were based on incomplete genotypic information. The Drosophila melanogaster Genetic Reference Panel 2012-02-08T18:51:32.053Z Its leading product, PSI-7977, is entering two phase 3 studies in patients with genotype 2 and 3. Pharmasset Poised to Pay 20% With Gilead Deal Closing: Real M&A 2011-12-05T23:59:49Z In this Letter we made errors in representative image choice, including mislabelling of images or choosing an image from the inappropriate genotype. Ephrin Bs are essential components of the Reelin pathway to regulate neuronal migration 2011-10-12T17:21:40.583Z In the longer term they might yield transplantable organs with the same genotype as the recipient, thus eliminating the problem of rejection. Stem cells: The nuclear option 2011-10-05T18:17:42Z Some may, but identifying them will require further experimental tests performed in a fully diploid genotype. [Technical Comment] Comment on ?A Test of the Snowball Theory for the Rate of Evolution of Hybrid Incompatibilities? 2011-09-15T18:25:17.657Z Efforts to dissect the genotype–phenotype map in model organisms and humans have revealed unexpected complexities, implicating many, novel loci, pervasive pleiotropy, and context-dependent effects. The Drosophila melanogaster Genetic Reference Panel 2012-02-08T18:51:32.053Z A third study in genotype 1 patients will start in the second half of next year and could lead to initial regulatory approval in 2014, according to a statement from the companies. Pharmasset Poised to Pay 20% With Gilead Deal Closing: Real M&A 2011-12-05T23:59:49Z Original images for every genotype and additional examples are shown in the of this Corrigendum. Ephrin Bs are essential components of the Reelin pathway to regulate neuronal migration 2011-10-12T17:21:40.583Z A second use of our catalogue is for exploring the relationship between genotype and phenotype. Mouse genomic variation and its effect on phenotypes and gene regulation 2011-09-14T17:21:52.063Z The combined data resources, allied to deep transcriptome sequence from both genotypes, allowed us to explore potato genome structure and organization, as well as key aspects of the biology and evolution of this important crop. Genome sequence and analysis of the tuber crop potato 2011-07-13T17:21:42.673Z Measuring many individuals of the same homozygous genotype increases the accuracy of the estimates of genotypic value and the power to detect variants, and genotypes of molecular markers need only be obtained once. The Drosophila melanogaster Genetic Reference Panel 2012-02-08T18:51:32.053Z Because different genotypes are present in different parts of the world, a diagnostic test designed for one country might not work in another, says Marco Krieger, who is leading the project. Diagnostics: A testing journey 2011-06-13T13:20:42.793Z The best estimate for genotype 4 is that only 60 of those treated clear the virus completely. Global health: A uniquely Egyptian epidemic 2011-06-13T13:20:38.417Z Observing immune responses and viral loads in people with different genotypes provides some clues. Pharmacogenomics: Playing the odds 2011-06-13T13:20:35.383Z Each drug regimen will need to be tested at several geographical sites to encompass the most prevalent local genotypes. Perspective: Miles to go before we sleep 2011-06-13T13:20:34.157Z We used regression models to predict trait phenotypes from SNP genotypes and estimate the total variance explained by SNPs. The Drosophila melanogaster Genetic Reference Panel 2012-02-08T18:51:32.053Z Unlike current RNA tests, the method can detect many different sequences in a single reaction, and Krieger says that it could easily be adapted to detect a different set of genotypes. Diagnostics: A testing journey 2011-06-13T13:20:42.793Z Not only is the Egyptian HCV problem one of size, but the genotype of the virus in circulation is one that is not commonly found in the rest of the world. Global health: A uniquely Egyptian epidemic 2011-06-13T13:20:38.417Z Doctors may advise TT genotype patients to wait for better drugs as long as their liver looks healthy, McHutchison says. Pharmacogenomics: Playing the odds 2011-06-13T13:20:35.383Z Used in combination, the new agents might be able to target all HCV genotypes at once, while improving the cure rate and preventing drug resistance from emerging. Therapeutics: New drugs hit the target 2011-06-13T13:20:32.767Z The drugs are designed specifically to attack HCV genotype 1, which is the most prevalent genotype, accounting for about 60% of global infections, and the least responsive to current treatment. Introduction: A smouldering public-health crisis 2011-06-13T13:20:31.180Z They include, for example, the power and limitations of our knowledge of the genotype with respect to our understanding of the phenotype, deep-space astronomy, quantum computation, and information science. Board the eurostar 2011-06-01T17:20:03.157Z The dominance of genotype 4 in Egypt complicates the task of treating the disease. Global health: A uniquely Egyptian epidemic 2011-06-13T13:20:38.417Z Certain human genotypes might predispose HCV-infected patients to developing fibrosis or liver cancer — others might be associated with severe side effects. Pharmacogenomics: Playing the odds 2011-06-13T13:20:35.383Z And the new study pinpoints Alabama, Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi and Texas as the states where the newly described genotype was found. Armadillos Likely Transmitting Leprosy to Humans in Southern U.S. 2011-04-27T21:15:02.230Z Their female partners were tested for high risk genotypes of HPV that are known to cause cervical cancer at the beginning of the study, as well as 1 year and 2 years afterwards. What's the deal with male circumcision and female cervical cancer? 2011-04-04T16:15:00.253Z And most infections in the U.S. are the disease's particularly tough breed, known as genotype 1, which has a cure rate of less than 40 percent with the best current treatment. New Drugs for Hepatitis C On the Horizon 2011-03-30T21:45:00.247Z By contrast, about 75 of HCV infections in Europe and the United States are of genotype 1. Global health: A uniquely Egyptian epidemic 2011-06-13T13:20:38.417Z If he's right, temporarily suppressing specific immune responses before treatment could help those with a CT or TT genotype. Pharmacogenomics: Playing the odds 2011-06-13T13:20:35.383Z As Truman points out, the genotype itself might not be so new, but rather, researchers now have more advanced genomics tools to recognize it. Armadillos Likely Transmitting Leprosy to Humans in Southern U.S. 2011-04-27T21:15:02.230Z Our results indicate that genotype and biophysical phenotype analysis may be useful for risk stratification of LQT1 patients and suggest that slow channel activation is associated with an increased risk of cardiac events. [Research Articles] Use of Mutant-Specific Ion Channel Characteristics for Risk Stratification of Long QT Syndrome Patients 2011-03-30T18:55:20.243Z The researchers are isolating the ants’ DNA, and examining genotypes from workers and queens from the same colony. Ants: Clues to Human Development 2011-02-16T22:12:00Z DNA was extracted from patient blood and from tumours following radical prostatectomy, and was subjected to extensive quality control procedures to monitor DNA structural integrity, genotype concordance, and tumour purity and ploidy. The genomic complexity of primary human prostate cancer 2011-02-09T18:22:53.550Z "We think that understanding the genotypes that underlie friendship may help us to understand more of that process." Genetics 'has role in friendship' 2011-01-17T20:01:24Z Multivariate adjustment for known hepatic cytochrome variants did not attenuate the PON1 genotype effect, thus indicating a robust and independent effect. [Editors' Choice] Pondering the Significance of PON1 2011-01-12T23:55:29.240Z Kornman found that women on a diet that matched their genotype lost two-to-three times more weight than those on an unmatched diet. Technology: A flavour of the future 2011-01-04T22:23:01.467Z The experiment involves seeing what happens to each of the viruses when infecting four groups of mice, where each group represents a different host genotype. Genetic Diversity Protects Against Viruses 2010-09-30T17:45:00Z Soon, we will all be able to get our genomes fully sequenced: we will be able to look at our genotypes. The Human Phenome Project 2010-06-09T01:05:00Z The researchers divided the group into three genotypes which they described as low carbohydrate diet responsive, low fat diet responsive and a balanced diet responsive genotype. DNA test 'may predict best diet' 2010-03-05T00:59:00Z All this data collection was designed from the outset to show how the individual's genotype combines with environmental pressures to influence health and development. 2010-01-08T21:15:00Z Because of different genotypes the potential of the temporal region to respond to selective demands varied from group to group. The Adductor Muscles of the Jaw In Some Primitive Reptiles Furthermore, it enables the tree breeders to maintain trees of a desirable genotype unaltered for an indefinite length of time without first establishing pure lines through inbreeding. Northern Nut Growers Association Report of the Proceedings at the 44th Annual Meeting Rochester, N.Y. August 31 and September 1, 1953 They found that those on a diet which matched their genotype lost 2-3 times more weight over 12 months compared with those on the "wrong" diet. DNA test 'may predict best diet' 2010-03-05T00:59:00Z |
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