| 单词 | ganglion cell |
| 例句 | Retinal ganglion cells are the gatekeepers for the visual input that reaches the brain. Vision in the brain: Hardwired for action 2023-09-28T04:00:00Z Amacrine cells can distribute information from one bipolar cell to many ganglion cells. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z With the exception of the unipolar sensory ganglion cells, and the two specific bipolar cells mentioned above, all other neurons are multipolar. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z They are using gene therapy to turn ganglion cells into new photoreceptor cells, even though they don’t normally capture light. Scientists Partially Restored a Blind Man’s Sight With New Gene Therapy 2021-05-24T04:00:00Z The researchers waited a few months for the ganglion cells in the patient’s eye to begin to produce the new protein. Blind man regains some vision, with help from light-sensing algal protein 2021-05-24T04:00:00Z During development, the retinal ganglion cells also generate their own neuronal activity. Vision in the brain: Hardwired for action 2023-09-28T04:00:00Z Visual signals travel from the eye over the axons of retinal ganglion cells, which make up the optic nerves. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z These two systems are similar in that they both begin with dorsal root ganglion cells, as with most general sensory information. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z Their plan was to inject gene-bearing viruses into one eye of each blind volunteer, then wait several months for the ganglion cells to grow optogenetic proteins. Scientists Partially Restored a Blind Man’s Sight With New Gene Therapy 2021-05-24T04:00:00Z The team focused specifically on neurons at the back of the eye called retinal ganglion cells. Researchers restore lost sight in mice, offering clues to reversing aging 2020-12-02T05:00:00Z In addition, the axons of retinal ganglion cells secrete molecular factors that are received by cells in the central brain and induce developmental changes. Vision in the brain: Hardwired for action 2023-09-28T04:00:00Z In the absence of light, the bipolar neurons that connect rods and cones to ganglion cells are continuously and actively inhibited by the rods and cones. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Photoreceptors are activated, and the signal is transferred to the retinal ganglion cells that send an action potential along the optic nerve into the diencephalon. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z The team also tackled retinal diseases caused by death of retinal ganglion cells, or RGCs, which leads to permanent blindness. New research uses CRISPR gene editing to grow new neurons in diseased brains 2020-09-08T04:00:00Z The injection prevented some damaged retinal ganglion cells from dying and even prompted some to grow new axons reaching back to the brain, the team reports today in Nature. Researchers restore lost sight in mice, offering clues to reversing aging 2020-12-02T05:00:00Z These mutants have a genetic defect that prevents retinal ganglion cells from forming. Vision in the brain: Hardwired for action 2023-09-28T04:00:00Z According to an explanation called opponent process theory, as you gazed fixedly at the green, black, and yellow flag, your retinal ganglion cells that respond positively to green, black, and yellow increased their firing dramatically. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Figure 15.9 Autonomic Control of Pupillary Size Activation of the pupillary reflex comes from the amount of light activating the retinal ganglion cells, as sent along the optic nerve. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z It aims to deliver an opsin to retinal ganglion cells, but there is a potential snag: retinal ganglion cells are naturally sensitive to light. Four technologies that could transform the treatment of blindness 2019-04-09T04:00:00Z How does that process help retinal ganglion cells? Researchers restore lost sight in mice, offering clues to reversing aging 2020-12-02T05:00:00Z One kind of ganglion cell specializes in motion detection—a vital function if you’re a mouse being hunted by an owl, or a person darting to avoid oncoming traffic. How humans—and other mammals—might have gotten their night vision 2018-09-13T04:00:00Z Once the ganglion cells return to their baseline activity state, the false perception of color will disappear. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z In the retina, five types of neuron — photoreceptors, bipolar cells, retinal ganglion cells, horizontal cells and amacrine cells — are wired together to form one of nature’s most complex circuit boards. Reconstructing the retina 2018-09-04T04:00:00Z These signals then filter through a complex network of other neurons, including bipolar cells, amacrine cells and horizontal cells, before reaching neurons known as retinal ganglion cells. Four technologies that could transform the treatment of blindness 2019-04-09T04:00:00Z Sinclair and his colleagues injected tiny beads into the animals’ eyes that prevented normal drainage and increased pressure, which damaged retinal ganglion cells. Researchers restore lost sight in mice, offering clues to reversing aging 2020-12-02T05:00:00Z “If you’re going to stimulate ganglion cells, you need to get them to send the right signals to the brain.” How humans—and other mammals—might have gotten their night vision 2018-09-13T04:00:00Z Some ganglion cell axons carry information on form, movement, depth, and brightness, while other axons carry information on color and fine detail. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Bipolar cell Responsible for transmitting signals from photoreceptors to a retinal ganglion cell. Reconstructing the retina 2018-09-04T04:00:00Z In retinal disorders in which photoreceptors remain in good shape, the main cause of blindness is degeneration of retinal ganglion cells. Four technologies that could transform the treatment of blindness 2019-04-09T04:00:00Z Dacey, D. M. The mosaic of midget ganglion cells in the human retina. Restoring vision 2018-05-15T04:00:00Z Because the ganglion cells are neurons, they need to grow in a certain orientation. Technology: The promise of printing : Nature : Nature Research 2016-12-06T05:00:00Z This happens because retinal ganglion cells in the sheet of tissue called the retina at the back of the eye detect contrasts. Here’s why you can’t see all twelve black dots in this optical illusion 2016-09-12T04:00:00Z Retinal ganglion cell Relays signals from bipolar and amacrine cells to the brain through long projections called axons that form the optic nerve. Reconstructing the retina 2018-09-04T04:00:00Z The electrodes then stimulate retinal ganglion cells at the front of the retina. Four technologies that could transform the treatment of blindness 2019-04-09T04:00:00Z Survival and integration of developing and progenitor-derived retinal ganglion cells following transplantation. Restoring vision 2018-05-15T04:00:00Z RetroSense’s treatment seeks to compensate for this loss by conferring light sensitivity to retinal ganglion cells, which normally help to pass visual signals from photoreceptors to the brain. Light-controlled genes and neurons poised for clinical trials 2016-05-18T04:00:00Z The cells in question are known as melanopsin retinal ganglion cells. Alzheimer’s may mess with the eyes, disrupting sleep patterns 2015-12-08T05:00:00Z Amacrine cell Reaches across several bipolar cells to regulate signals directed at retinal ganglion cells. Reconstructing the retina 2018-09-04T04:00:00Z Researchers at the University of California, Berkeley, were focused on a type of nerve cell in the eye - retinal ganglion cells. Drug lets blind eyes 'see light' 2014-02-20T01:53:31Z The ganglion cells transmit information from the eye to different parts of the brain and the glial cells support and protect neurons. Scientists Make More Eye Cells - With An Inkjet Printer 2013-12-18T17:23:00Z At the moment the results are preliminary and show that an inkjet printer can be used to print two types of cells from the retina of adult rats―ganglion cells and glial cells. Scientists 'print' new eye cells 2013-12-18T00:54:26Z This included the inner nuclear layer and the retinal ganglion cell layer. Eyes cells help diagnose Alzheimer's 2013-11-13T16:00:22Z To appreciate the beauty and specificity of Nirenberg's approach, it is important to realize that there is not just a single homogeneous group of retinal ganglion cells leaving the eye. Cracking the Retinal Code 2013-01-29T13:15:00.183Z In 1840, Adolphe Hannover discovered what today we call the ganglion cells of the retina, the light-sensitive tissue at the back of the eye. Know Your Neurons: How to Classify Different Types of Neurons in the Brain's Forest 2012-05-16T15:45:00.207Z The disease—one of the leading causes of blindness— is the result of damage to ganglion cells in the retina. Patent Watch 2012-04-21T14:45:00.223Z The inner layer is the retina itself, and contains several types of light-sensitive neuron, ganglion cells that conduct light information to the brain, and supporting glial cells. Stem Cells Make 'Retina in a Dish' 2011-04-06T21:15:00.253Z D, Deuterocerebrum, consisting of ganglion cells belonging to the second or mandibular somite. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 2, Slice 6 "Armour Plates" to "Arundel, Earls of" It does this conversion from images into the retinal code by training and comparing its response with those actually recorded from “on” retinal ganglion cells. Cracking the Retinal Code 2013-01-29T13:15:00.183Z The form and disposition of the ganglion cells are also peculiar and closely similar in the two. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 2, Slice 3 "Apollodorus" to "Aral" This latter includes in its course numerous ganglion cells, and forms, according to F. Blochmann, the immensely long drawn out supra-oesophageal ganglion. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 4, Slice 3 "Borgia, Lucrezia" to "Bradford, John" The most various individual motor apparatuses are connected with the most various individual motor ganglion cells. The World's Greatest Books — Volume 15 — Science A message along a nerve to a ganglion cell is an afferent impression, from a cell to a muscle or other external end is an efferent impression. Text Book of Biology, Part 1: Vertebrata Fibers from the ganglion cells pass into the optic nerve. Physiology and Hygiene for Secondary Schools But when the muscles appeared, nerves and ganglion cells were necessary to stimulate and control them. The Whence and the Whither of Man A Brief History of His Origin and Development through Conformity to Environment; Being the Morse Lectures of 1895 At 39° some of the ganglion cells which have been preserved rapidly lose their colorability and then their structure breaks up, but a certain number of the others form numerous outgrowths extremely varied in appearance. The Great Events by Famous Historians, Volume 21 The Recent Days (1910-1914) Sensations are certainly collected in definite ganglion cells. The World's Greatest Books — Volume 15 — Science A nerve, as we have pointed out, terminates centrally in some ganglion cell, either in a ganglion or in the spinal cord or brain; peripherally there is a much greater variety of ending. Text Book of Biology, Part 1: Vertebrata Light waves stimulate the rods and cones at back surface of the retina, starting impulses which excite the ganglion cells at the front surface. Physiology and Hygiene for Secondary Schools But a ganglion cell sends an impulse to a muscle because it has received one along a sensory nerve from one or more of these sensory cells. The Whence and the Whither of Man A Brief History of His Origin and Development through Conformity to Environment; Being the Morse Lectures of 1895 At the hands of a multitude of observers it was shown that in certain well-known diseases of the spinal cord, with resulting paralysis, it is the ganglion cells themselves that are found to be destroyed. A History of Science — Volume 4 A central or ganglion cell, which receives the sensory impulse, translates it into consciousness, and is the seat of whatever powers of perception, thought, or will the animal possesses. The Whence and the Whither of Man A Brief History of His Origin and Development through Conformity to Environment; Being the Morse Lectures of 1895 But there are also nerve-fibrils connecting the different ganglion cells, so that they may act in unison. The Whence and the Whither of Man A Brief History of His Origin and Development through Conformity to Environment; Being the Morse Lectures of 1895 In the higher animals we shall find these central or ganglion cells condensed in one or a few masses or ganglia. The Whence and the Whither of Man A Brief History of His Origin and Development through Conformity to Environment; Being the Morse Lectures of 1895 Hence the ganglion cells will increase in number. The Whence and the Whither of Man A Brief History of His Origin and Development through Conformity to Environment; Being the Morse Lectures of 1895 The position of the ganglion cell as the ultimate centre of nervous activities was thus placed beyond dispute. A History of Science — Volume 4 A most interesting body it proved, this nerve cell, or ganglion cell, as it came to be called. A History of Science — Volume 4 The white substance of brain and cord, apparently, is made up of such connecting fibres, thus bringing the different ganglion cells everywhere into communication one with another. A History of Science — Volume 4 Similarly, in the case of sufferers from chronic insanities, with marked dementia, the ganglion cells of the cortex of the brain are found to have undergone degeneration. A History of Science — Volume 4 |
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