| 单词 | formal logic |
| 例句 | In formal logic and in mathematics, proof is something absolute. Words Like Loaded Pistols 2011-10-20T00:00:00Z For interested readers, Budiansky supplies an appendix that moves through Gödel’s proof, step by step, but granular knowledge of formal logic isn’t essential for anyone’s enjoyment of this moving biography. A New Biography of Kurt Gödel, Whose Brilliant Life Intersected With the Upheavals of the 20th Century 2021-06-02T04:00:00Z But Snohetta’s initial scheme undid the formal logic of how the mass of the granite facade is poised on its monumental base of big-footed columns. For AT&T, Balancing Change and Preservation Under the Same Broken Pediment 2018-12-05T05:00:00Z Like so much of Rihm's music, the vast structure seems to cohere more by creative will than formal logic. Donaueschinger Musiktage 2011 – review 2013-01-17T22:14:01Z But expertise in formal logic isn’t essential for anyone’s enjoyment of this moving biography. Times Critics’ Top Books of 2021 2021-12-15T05:00:00Z But a granular knowledge of formal logic isn’t essential for anyone’s enjoyment of this moving new biography. 12 New Books We Recommend This Week 2021-06-10T04:00:00Z It’s no small achievement to make formal logic, game theory, statistics and Bayesian reasoning delightful topics full of charm and relevance. Review | The power of rational thinking in a world that seems unreasonable 2021-10-07T04:00:00Z It also calls to mind the symbol used to bridge analogies in formal logic. The Bittersweet Poetry of “Lima :: Limón” 2019-05-27T04:00:00Z It is indeed true that there is never “proof” in science in the sense that there may be in formal logic or mathematics, but, crucially, there is disproof. Wait...Maybe the Hippies Weren't Right 2018-12-11T05:00:00Z Logic: Mathematical logicians work on formal logic, examining proofs, and the foundations of mathematics. Household Chores for Mathematicians 2017-10-21T04:00:00Z You’re working on several levels: the narrative and gestural logic of the story, the formal logic of the choreography.” Justin Peck and the National's Bryce Dessner create a Most Incredible ballet 2016-02-01T05:00:00Z Pinker’s main focus is the sort of conscious, sequential reasoning that can track the steps in a geometric proof or an argument in formal logic. Review | The power of rational thinking in a world that seems unreasonable 2021-10-07T04:00:00Z By 1965, the field had experimented with several models of problem solving: some were based on formal logic; some used heuristic reasoning; some, called “neural networks,” were inspired by the brain. The Doomsday Invention 2015-11-23T05:00:00Z As a law student, you will often need to conduct linear, carefully structured analyses similar to those that you will practice in a formal logic class. 3 College Courses That Can Strengthen Legal Skills 2015-09-14T04:00:00Z Whitehead similarly observed, “In formal logic, a contradiction is the signal of a defeat; but in the evolution of real knowledge it marks the first step in progress towards a victory.” What Saul Alinsky Could Teach Obama About Totally Ignoring Congress 2014-11-17T05:00:00Z This belief violates both common sense and formal logic. Guns and abortion: Is compromise even possible? 2013-05-11T10:30:00Z That which still survives of all earlier philosophy is the science of thought and its laws—formal logic and dialectics. Socialism: Utopian and Scientific 2012-03-26T02:00:37.300Z He further held that induction and deduction are correlative processes of formal logic, each resting on the necessities of thought and deriving thence its several laws. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 12, Slice 8 "Haller, Albrecht" to "Harmonium" 2012-01-02T03:00:22.443Z In a formal logic course, you will learn how to symbolize and analyze logical statements and arguments. 3 College Courses That Can Strengthen Legal Skills 2015-09-14T04:00:00Z Among such pure sciences we have by universal admission to include at least two, pure formal logic and pure mathematics, as distinguished from the special applications of logic and mathematics to an empirical material. International Congress of Arts and Science, Volume I Philosophy and Metaphysics 2011-12-12T03:00:31.160Z As against a purely formal logic, if such a thing were possible, Dewey's criticism would be valid, but the transcendental logic of his time was not formal in this sense. John Dewey's logical theory 2011-11-28T03:00:21.547Z For reasons of formal logic, too, the idea of progress in the universe is unthinkable. Morals and the Evolution of Man 2011-11-14T03:00:18.930Z The discourse was plain, and yet from its copiousness it was ornate; and the affectionate tone assumed an air of grave remonstrance which was deepened in effect by the appearance of formal logic. Recollections and Impressions 1822-1890 2011-10-15T02:00:25.820Z With these three intellectual laws of identity, of contradiction, and of the excluded middle, formal logic begins. The life and teaching of Karl Marx 2011-09-03T02:00:19.203Z That the diversity was so great as pictured by Mill is not historically exact, but could be said only of the new epistemological and psychological treatment of logic and not of the traditional formal logic. International Congress of Arts and Science, Volume I Philosophy and Metaphysics 2011-12-12T03:00:31.160Z The scholastic education of this time laid special stress on formal logic and metaphysics. The New Gresham Encyclopedia Volume 4, Part 2: Ebert to Estremadura 2011-04-14T02:00:56.200Z Some thinkers have identified the two, while others regard Epistemology as a subdivision of logic; others demarcate their relative spheres by confining logic to the science of the laws of thought, i.e. to formal logic. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 9, Slice 6 "English Language" to "Epsom Salts" 2011-02-19T03:00:59.807Z In terms of formal logic, the problems are the same. Psychopathy: Socially challenging 2010-11-11T11:00:14Z In view of the new conception, the old formal logic could no longer satisfy the intellect; it could not adequately deal with things in a state of evolution. The life and teaching of Karl Marx 2011-09-03T02:00:19.203Z The logic of Aristotle is not a purely formal logic. International Congress of Arts and Science, Volume I Philosophy and Metaphysics 2011-12-12T03:00:31.160Z Whatever a merely formal logic might say, a real logic requires that at most microcosm and macrocosm are only metaphors of each other. The Will to Doubt An essay in philosophy for the general thinker Boole, Jevons, and others have applied the algebraic method not only to formal logic but to political economy.—Bibliography: The New Gresham Encyclopedia. Vol. 1 Part 1 A to Amide In the experimental conception of inference it is clear that the principles of formal logic must play their rôle wholly inside the course of logical operations. Creative Intelligence Essays in the Pragmatic Attitude What we now know as "formal logic," what is to this day contained in all text-books, taught in all schools and universities, is, in all its essentials, nothing more than the logic of Aristotle. A Critical History of Greek Philosophy Pure or universal logic aims to understand the forms of thought without regard to metaphysical or psychological relations, and this position of Kant is the historical beginning of the subjective formal logic. International Congress of Arts and Science, Volume I Philosophy and Metaphysics 2011-12-12T03:00:31.160Z The terminology of formal logic and formal grammar was the same. Lectures on The Science of Language You can not settle questions of fact by formal logic. Essays in Radical Empiricism The present tense of formal logic governs fundamentally throughout the whole account. Creative Intelligence Essays in the Pragmatic Attitude We may pass over the formal logic of the Stoics, which is, in all essentials, the logic of Aristotle. A Critical History of Greek Philosophy A formal logic that is merely propædeutic, a logic that aims to free itself from the quarrels of epistemology, is scientifically useless. International Congress of Arts and Science, Volume I Philosophy and Metaphysics 2011-12-12T03:00:31.160Z Scholastic philosophy, with its reliance upon dialectic development of authoritatively given premises, its faith in formal logic and its central problem of putting reason as a foundation under authority, responded exactly to these demands. An Introduction to the Philosophy of Law Mr. Joseph handles it by formal logic purely, as if he had no acquaintance with the logic of hypothesis at all. Essays in Radical Empiricism This cannot be otherwise, if one, as is here the case, wishes to establish results won in the realm of dialectics by means of formal logic. Landmarks of Scientific Socialism "Anti-Duehring" And these heads might well form the list of contents of a modern work on formal logic. A Critical History of Greek Philosophy While formal logic aims to put itself outside of philosophy, metaphysical logic would usurp the place of philosophy. International Congress of Arts and Science, Volume I Philosophy and Metaphysics 2011-12-12T03:00:31.160Z Not in proofs by formal logic but in the reality of consciousness was the certainty of God. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 6, Slice 3 "Chitral" to "Cincinnati" By presenting a definite body of verified truth, it has rendered possible the creation of a system of real as distinct from formal logic. History of Free Thought in Reference to The Christian Religion Nevertheless, the writer strongly advocates the study of formal logic also. How to Study Theirs was the formal logic point of view. Monophysitism Past and Present A Study in Christology Wundt, therefore, develops a logic which one may call epistemological methodological, and which stands between the extremes of formal logic and metaphysical logic. International Congress of Arts and Science, Volume I Philosophy and Metaphysics 2011-12-12T03:00:31.160Z For in formal logic, whether as quantity or quality, that is, in pure mathematics or abstract thought, the reasoning is just as correct when negatives are employed as when positives, as I have remarked before. The Religious Sentiment Its Source and Aim: A Contribution to the Science and Philosophy of Religion For example, the classic illustration of the so-called "universal proposition" familiar to students of formal logic, "all men are mortal," is an assertion in regard to a class of objects we call men. Introduction to the Science of Sociology From the person of Christ to the word of Christ is a process often unconscious, but one better than any process of formal logic. A Tour of the Missions Observations and Conclusions They were at least faithfully prepared from a width of observation and stock of information seldom equalled, and set forth with a consecutive order of formal logic worthy of a master in the schools. Senatorial Character A Sermon in West Church, Boston, Sunday, 15th of March, After the Decease of Charles Sumner. His book was in fact concerned with formal logic, and this is the same thing as mathematics. Mysticism and Logic and Other Essays All applied logic, inductive as well as deductive, is based on formal logic, and this in turn on the “laws of thought,” or rather of thinking. The Religious Sentiment Its Source and Aim: A Contribution to the Science and Philosophy of Religion And since formal logic must itself make experiments, this difference is not a radical one. The Approach to Philosophy Rule of the Excluded Third; evidently Pre-Atomic formal logic had crept back to Aditya. A Slave is a Slave Many good judges—and I own I am inclined to agree with them—doubt much whether a study of formal logic ever yet made a good reasoner. Historical and Political Essays These rules of inference constitute the major part of the principles of formal logic. Mysticism and Logic and Other Essays This is abstract logic, or pure logic, sometimes called, inasmuch as it deals with forms only, “formal logic,” or because it deals with names and not things, “the logic of names.” The Religious Sentiment Its Source and Aim: A Contribution to the Science and Philosophy of Religion What is called formal logic is animated with the hope of extracting these formulations directly from an analysis of the procedure of thought. The Approach to Philosophy The guiding force in the great changes of the world has not been the formal logic of the schools or of literature, but the practical logic of social convenience. Critical Miscellanies (Vol. 3 of 3) Essay 8: France in the Eighteenth Century They are ideas, in other words, which stand together, not in the order of formal logic, but of the "logic of free life." Books and Culture Throughout the Middle Ages, almost all the best intellects devoted themselves to formal logic, whereas in the nineteenth century only an infinitesimal proportion of the world's thought went into this subject. Mysticism and Logic and Other Essays Even the Nyâya school, which is concerned chiefly with formal logic, promises that by the removal of false knowledge it can emancipate the soul and give the bliss of salvation. Hinduism and Buddhism, An Historical Sketch, Vol. 2 The most general logical principles which have appeared in the historical development of formal logic are definition, self-evidence, inference, and observation. The Approach to Philosophy You are too much for me with your formal logic. A Daughter of the Snows The paradox is offensive only to formal logic. Christian Mysticism The reasoning proceeds by the strict rules of formal logic from a set of axioms laid down to begin with. Mysticism and Logic and Other Essays The introduction to the two principal parts is furnished by formal logic. History of Modern Philosophy From Nicolas of Cusa to the Present Time Taken by itself, the Greek argument is a nice piece of formal logic. Democracy and Education: an introduction to the philosophy of education In the Logic, as elsewhere in the system, Croce combats that false conception, by which natural science, in the shape of psychology, makes claim to philosophy, and formal logic to absolute value. Aesthetic as Science of Expression and General Linguistic He reaches all his conclusions by circumstantial evidence of precisely the same character as that used by the geologist, though he knows nothing about the formal logic or the process of induction. Reflections and Comments 1865-1895 But then this is the only sense which formal logic is competent to recognise. Deductive Logic He was not a dissenter by imitation, nor from any deep principle or obstinate heresy; nor was he made servile and obedient by formal logic alone. Charles Lamb The traditional gnoseological approach reflects the same structure, as does formal logic, based on Aristotle's syllogistic theory. The Civilization of Illiteracy Modern science feels that this, like other processes of formal logic, presents a very inadequate conception of the actual complex procedure of the mind by which scientific truth is detected and verified. Sophist Hence division by dichotomy comes strictly within the province of formal logic. Deductive Logic The material correctness of a definition is, as we have already seen, a matter extraneous to formal logic. Deductive Logic But since formal logic takes no account of the matter of thought, when we speak of 'quality' we are understood to mean the quality of the form. Deductive Logic Legislative practical experiences, as disconnected as they are from new human practical experiences, are less and less an exercise in convincing writing or in formal logic. The Civilization of Illiteracy Hence division, being always founded on the possession or non-possession of accidental attributes, seems to lie wholly outside the sphere of formal logic. Deductive Logic Inductive inferences are wholly extraneous to the science of formal logic, which deals only with formal, or necessary, inferences, that is to say with deductive inferences, whether immediate or mediate. Deductive Logic |
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