| 单词 | European |
| 例句 | The Renaissance was the time when Western Europeans lost their awe of the Ancients and realized that they had as much to contribute to civilization and society as the Greeks and Romans had contributed. The Scientists 2003-10-21T00:00:00Z In the 1700's, Western Europeans became very interested in the ancient classical style, which was imitated by many artists, sculptors, and architects. Understanding Basic Music Theory 2018-01-28T00:00:00Z Europeans were well versed in the brutal logic of quarantine. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z Raised in New York City by French parents, he had attended the Lycée Français de New York in Manhattan, a high school that was unapologetic about its European perspective on education. Just Mercy 2014-10-21T00:00:00Z All told, the Greeks knew the Mediterranean Sea from Gibraltar to Syria; they knew that the European continent stretched north into an icy waste, and that Africa stretched south into a trackless, infernal desert. Circumference 2008-11-25T00:00:00Z She had no need to worry, though, since she was a European citizen; the policemen barely glanced at her. Americanah 2013-05-14T00:00:00Z But most immigrants then were Europeans, and though they spoke different languages, their Caucasian features helped them blend into New York’s middle class. Class Matters 2005-09-02T00:00:00Z When a group of Europeans offered to overthrow the demon in exchange for a claim to the lands it haunted, the incredulous local leaders consented. Fablehaven 2006-07-30T00:00:00Z “When a European arrives in the West Indies and gets settled or set down for any length of time, he finds it necessary to provide himself with a housekeeper or mistress,” one eighteenth-century observer wrote. Outliers 2008-11-18T00:00:00Z He would be his own secretary of state and trust his son’s quite impressive knowledge of European affairs more than official reports. Founding Brothers: The Revolutionary Generation 2000-10-17T00:00:00Z Conversely, Europeans would be comparatively more vulnerable to parasites. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z However, I realized that many readers would also wonder “Why, among Eurasians, was it Europeans rather than Chinese or some other group that expanded?” Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z Many of the American and European emigre scientists who developed the first nuclear weapons were profoundly distressed about the demon they had let loose on the world. Cosmos 1980-01-01T00:00:00Z Within ninety minutes, Soviet and European television audiences watched a live telecast of Valentina in her capsule. Women in Space 2014-02-01T00:00:00Z The few carbon dates available suggest that the fields date from about three thousand years ago to about five hundred years ago—roughly the time the conquistadors arrived, bringing European diseases. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z Historians have two primary theories to explain what allowed the Europeans to thoroughly colonize the Indigenous lands in North America. An Indigenous People’s History of the United States 2019-07-01T00:00:00Z However, European writings from Roman and medieval times clearly describe the arrival of bubonic plague and possibly smallpox from the east, so these germs could be of Chinese or East Asian origin. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z And then, does no one stop him, Prince plays us some piece of European Confusion, more, says I, for his own ear than ours. The Astonishing Life of Octavian Nothing, Traitor to the Nation, Volume I: The Pox Party 2006-09-12T00:00:00Z Modern European and American children spend much of their time being passively entertained by television, radio, and movies. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z As a result of their contact with Muslims, the Europeans began to break out of their sealed-off world. Sugar Changed the World: A Story of Magic, Spice, Slavery, Freedom, and Science 2010-11-15T00:00:00Z It was a deeply disturbing turn of events, essentially abrogating the Treaty of Versailles and undermining the foundations on which European peace had been built since 1919. The Boys in the Boat: Nine Americans and Their Epic Quest for Gold at the 1936 Berlin Olympics 2014-05-27T00:00:00Z European teens didn’t know how good they had it. When Dimple Met Rishi 2017-05-30T00:00:00Z Indian birchbark canoes were faster and more maneuverable than any small European boat. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z If Sourmelina had always been a European kind of American, a sort of Marlene Dietrich, then Tessie was the fully Americanized daughter Dietrich might have had. Middlesex: A Novel 2002-06-05T00:00:00Z Before the arrival of Europeans, North America was indeed a “continent of villages,” as some historians have called it, but it was also a continent of nations and alliances among nations. An Indigenous People’s History of the United States 2019-07-01T00:00:00Z Their first European contact was with the Spanish; trade with the English began in the late 1600s. An Indigenous People’s History of the United States 2019-07-01T00:00:00Z She suspected that tropical creatures followed the same pattern of transformation she had discovered in so many European species. The Girl Who Drew Butterflies: How Maria Merian's Art Changed Science 2018-02-20T00:00:00Z Like a European model and one of Tolkien's elves all molded together. Starfish 2017-09-26T00:00:00Z To his eye, the people of the Carolinas, cultural cousins to the Wampanoag, were in superb health, especially compared to poorly nourished, smallpox-scarred Europeans. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z Maria now felt certain—based on her own observations—that all European butterflies and moths followed the same cycle of transformation: egg to caterpillar to pupa and back to egg again. The Girl Who Drew Butterflies: How Maria Merian's Art Changed Science 2018-02-20T00:00:00Z The first European boat reached Brazil in 1500—it was an accident. Sugar Changed the World: A Story of Magic, Spice, Slavery, Freedom, and Science 2010-11-15T00:00:00Z The first thing corn did was push aside the European crops the new settlers brought with them. The Omnivore's Dilemma 2006-04-11T00:00:00Z People whose homelands were “discovered” were considered subjects of the Europeans and were expected to do what the “discoverers” wished. An Indigenous People’s History of the United States 2019-07-01T00:00:00Z Since the fifteenth century, Europeans have spread around the globe and encountered wild mammal species not found in Europe. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z Dad moved on from World War II to the United Nations, the European Union, and the imminent destruction of the world. Educated 2018-02-20T00:00:00Z Having recently declared its independence from the powerful Spanish Empire, it embraced more fully than any other nation of its time the European Enlightenment. Cosmos 1980-01-01T00:00:00Z The whole evening radiated an Old World ambience, as though the event were taking place in 1872, in a huge European beer garden, rather than 1972, in a covered Icelandic arena. Endgame 2011-02-01T00:00:00Z European microorganisms were slow to penetrate the Yucatan Peninsula, where most of the Maya polities were too small to readily play off against each other. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z This was not my first trip to the European mainland, but I was still entranced by the beauties of the Old World. Long Walk to Freedom 1994-01-01T00:00:00Z This gave the European governments and the government-backed corporations control and influence farther and farther from the original settlements. An Indigenous People’s History of the United States 2019-07-01T00:00:00Z I sit down at the counter, and the waitress asks me what I’ll have in a thick European accent. I Am Not Your Perfect Mexican Daughter 2017-10-17T00:00:00Z As a European cyclotron center, it would be joined by Frederic Joliot’s lab in Paris, Bohr’s in Copenhagen, and then, miraculously, by the Cavendish, which in 1936 found itself “wallowing in cash” from two windfalls. Big Science 2015-07-07T00:00:00Z The reason why we can be certain is that the arrivals took place in modern times and involved literate Europeans, who described in innumerable books what happened. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z Speaking with European accents that locals couldn’t quite identify, the visitors asked for directions to “the cottage of Dr. Moore.” Bomb 2012-01-01T00:00:00Z Time and time again Europeans described the People of the First Light as strikingly healthy specimens. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z Most Europeans who escaped fatal infections also escaped other potential causes of death and proceeded to pass on their genes. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z Far from destroying pristine wilderness, that is, Europeans bloodily created it. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z Riding to victory on these votes, the Irish politicians filled city jobs—policemen, firemen—with their fellow Irishmen, who in turn watched protectively over the Irish and eastern European communities. A Few Red Drops: The Chicago Race Riot of 1919 2018-01-02T00:00:00Z Those areas also came to support the densest populations of European settlers in modern Australia. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z The encounter with Europeans was thus a meeting of long-separated cousins. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z After the arrival of Europeans, the Big Island’s King Kamehameha I rapidly proceeded with the consolidation of the largest islands by purchasing European guns and ships to invade and conquer first Maui and then Oahu. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z Sugar was now the perfect decoration for a royal wedding, to be used was tea—and this is the first time the drink was mentioned by a European. Sugar Changed the World: A Story of Magic, Spice, Slavery, Freedom, and Science 2010-11-15T00:00:00Z Let us consider the distinctive features of chiefdoms, very different from modern European and American states and, at the same time, from bands and simple tribal societies. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z Concepts: As a genre, we believe opera to be a classical form, complicated, and with a long tradition and heritage rooted in the European classical tradition. Music and the Child 2016-06-14T00:00:00Z He was a hero to his people and a terror to the European slave holders. Sugar Changed the World: A Story of Magic, Spice, Slavery, Freedom, and Science 2010-11-15T00:00:00Z I was a famous actor getting ready to go before the cameras to play the role of a distinguished European businessman and lover. The Pigman 1968-10-12T00:00:00Z Far from glorifying peoples of western European origin, we shall see that most basic elements of their civilization were developed by other peoples living elsewhere and were then imported to western Europe. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z For a start, it very much depends on which Europeans you are talking about. The Story of Music 2012-12-25T00:00:00Z The papers sent special correspondents to shadow the pilots as they served in the skies over Europe, each dispatch from the European front producing shivers of delight. Hidden Figures 2016-09-06T00:00:00Z She discovered that Inka metallurgy was, in fact, as refined as European metallurgy, but that it had such different goals that academic experts had not even recognized it. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z And Billy had seen the greatest massacre in European history, which was the fire-bombing of Dresden. Slaughterhouse-Five 1969-01-01T00:00:00Z Often when a European has described the Americans with hostility and scorn he has turned to me and said, “Of course, I don’t mean you. I am speaking of those others.” Travels with Charley in Search of America 1962-01-01T00:00:00Z In fact, Europeans routinely lost when they could not take advantage of disease and political fragmentation. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z The European race, for one, turned into such a godawful bloodletting that it was ultimately halted due to “too many fatalities.” Seabiscuit: An American Legend 2001-01-01T00:00:00Z The European elm is highly resistant, and many of them have been planted in Washington, D.C. Silent Spring 1962-09-27T00:00:00Z Most of the species she discovered were unknown to Europeans at the time, and her observations were widely quoted and discussed. The Girl Who Drew Butterflies: How Maria Merian's Art Changed Science 2018-02-20T00:00:00Z His paternal grandfather, a former professor of European literature at Calcutta University, had read from them aloud in English translations when Ashoke was a boy. The Namesake 2003-09-01T00:00:00Z Las Casas, a conquistador who repented of his actions and became a priest, spent the second half of his long fife opposing European cruelty in the Americas. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z A well-documented example from Pacific islands is the epidemic that swept over Fiji in 1806, brought by a few European sailors who struggled ashore from the wreck of the ship Argo. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z Many of the living descendants of those Aborigines who survived the era of European colonization are now finding it difficult to succeed economically in white Australian society. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z Those northern Maori tribes with the earliest access to Europeans thereby became the first tribes to acquire muskets, which gave them a big military advantage over all the other tribes lacking muskets. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z The young scientists’ expectation was that Swann would escort them around Europe, introducing them to his friends and acquaintances among the eminent figures of European science in a sort of belated and truncated Studienreise. Big Science 2015-07-07T00:00:00Z The same pattern materialized later in the 1790s, when Jefferson embraced two misguided propositions about European affairs. Founding Brothers: The Revolutionary Generation 2000-10-17T00:00:00Z Populous native societies not thereby eliminated were destroyed in the same way the Aztecs and Incas had been—by full-scale wars, increasingly waged by professional European soldiers and their native allies. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z In the next decade tens of thousands of Europeans came to Massachusetts. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z European metalworkers tended to create metal objects by pouring molten alloys into shaped molds. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z Unlike European monarchs and dictators, an unpopular U.S. leader could be removed by the voters at the ballot box, making assassination unnecessary. Ambushed! 2021-10-12T00:00:00Z But history strongly suggests that the ultimate goal for the church and the European rulers was about more than winning souls to Christianity. An Indigenous People’s History of the United States 2019-07-01T00:00:00Z In the competition for king of the crops, corn left the European plants in the dust. The Omnivore's Dilemma 2006-04-11T00:00:00Z Without horses, Indian soldiers unavoidably traveled slower than European or Asian soldiers. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z One funny thing—in all that hectic period, something quickly struck my notice: the Europeans never pressed the “hate” question. The Autobiography of Malcolm X 1965-01-01T00:00:00Z In the later nineteenth century, however, the habanera was reintroduced to Europe as an ‘exotic’ dance from Cuba, and it began to reappear in European music. The Story of Music 2012-12-25T00:00:00Z Their first contact with European settlers was with the Spanish, who began invading the southeastern Indigenous homelands in the mid-15 00s. An Indigenous People’s History of the United States 2019-07-01T00:00:00Z As Chaplin, the Harvard historian, has argued, New England Indians were indeed disconcerted by their first experiences with European guns: the explosion and smoke, the lack of a visible projectile. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z “You don’t know that for sure. He’s European. They have different mores.” I'll Give You the Sun 2014-09-16T00:00:00Z He was also a tireless collector and annotator of East European folk song, and is in fact one of the chief architects of a whole branch of music study known as ethnomusicology. The Story of Music 2012-12-25T00:00:00Z Within a decade of Tasmania’s settlement by Europeans with dogs, Aboriginal Tasmanians, who had never before seen dogs, began to breed them in large numbers for use in hunting. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z Their ways and accents often marked them as Californians, Europeans, Yankees, even, God forbid, “New York Jews.” Hidden Figures 2016-09-06T00:00:00Z Nonetheless, the simple existence of the Indian slave trade— thousands of native men and women working in bondage for Europeans—was a testament to Indians’ catastrophic loss of power and status. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z Unlike them, I was not the daughter of an earl or a duke or the cousin of a European prince. Ophelia 2006-10-31T00:00:00Z For the first time, eastern Europeans were included in decision making. A Few Red Drops: The Chicago Race Riot of 1919 2018-01-02T00:00:00Z By the time of the next appearance of Europeans on the lower Mississippi, that of French settlers in the late 1600s, almost all of those big Indian towns had vanished. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z Only when European settlers arrived by sea in 1652, bringing with them their Fertile Crescent crop package, could agriculture thrive in South Africa’s Mediterranean zone. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z Smallpox and other European diseases didn’t exist in the Americas, and so every Indian was susceptible to them in this way. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z Indeed, the master narrative led to such surprising conclusions about Native American societies before the arrival of Europeans that it stirred up an intellectual firestorm. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z When Hernando de Soto became the first European conquistador to march through the southeastern United States, in 1540, he came across Indian town sites abandoned two years earlier because the inhabitants had died in epidemics. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z Impressed as they were with the Kingdom of Kongo, the Europeans were dismayed to find no commodity agriculture here. The Poisonwood Bible 1998-01-01T00:00:00Z He and I both knew perfectly well that New Guineans are on the average at least as smart as Europeans. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z The few doubts being heard stemmed from rumors that the Nobel committee might suspend the prizes for the duration of the European war, which had begun with Germany’s invasion of Poland on September 1. Big Science 2015-07-07T00:00:00Z “One that is not clearly indigenous or clearly European.” 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z During the first hundred years after the English arrived in 1607, over 90 percent of Virginia’s native population was killed either in warfare and massacres or by the new diseases the Europeans brought with them. Blood on the River 2006-05-04T00:00:00Z These blinded Moors the Europeans taught to sing about the Europeans’ glorious accomplishments. The Autobiography of Malcolm X 1965-01-01T00:00:00Z It asserted that Indigenous inhabitants lost their natural right to that land as soon as Europeans arrived and claimed it. An Indigenous People’s History of the United States 2019-07-01T00:00:00Z After the end of his expedition, it was a long time before Europeans again reached the Mississippi Valley, but Eurasian microbes were now established in North America and kept spreading. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z Most of the Europeans who traveled to what they called the New World in 1492 and after were those whose families had been displaced when the commons were converted to private property. An Indigenous People’s History of the United States 2019-07-01T00:00:00Z To Strasser, someone who was Japanese simply could not play with any soul or fidelity music that was composed by a European. Blink 2005-01-11T00:00:00Z Almost from the moment Europeans arrived, they realized there was coal out there in quantities almost beyond conception. A Walk in the Woods 1997-11-01T00:00:00Z They were fighting for principles that they had learned from Europeans and Americans—from people similar to their own slave masters. Sugar Changed the World: A Story of Magic, Spice, Slavery, Freedom, and Science 2010-11-15T00:00:00Z Of the remaining 38, 20 were of African and 18 of European blood. The Astonishing Life of Octavian Nothing, Traitor to the Nation, Volume I: The Pox Party 2006-09-12T00:00:00Z After Columbus, the Native Americans were conquered by the Europeans. The Omnivore's Dilemma 2006-04-11T00:00:00Z Lanky, with a loping gait, and dressed in what some Europeans thought was Western or Texan clothing, he was described as being “laconic as the hero of an old cowboy movie.” Endgame 2011-02-01T00:00:00Z Besides, it was not the European war that concerned me. Jacob Have I Loved 1980-01-01T00:00:00Z The first European settlements in the Americas, beginning with the one founded by Columbus in 1492, were in the West Indies. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z The European names are unfamiliar and hard to spell. Linked 2021-07-20T00:00:00Z Almost all popular music is heavily influenced by both African and European traditions. Understanding Basic Music Theory 2018-01-28T00:00:00Z The epidemics often were not even known to Europeans, still less deliberately caused by them. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z In short, Europe’s colonization of Africa had nothing to do with differences between European and African peoples themselves, as white racists assume. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z Too many Europeans ignored his rules and smuggled in English goods. Sugar Changed the World: A Story of Magic, Spice, Slavery, Freedom, and Science 2010-11-15T00:00:00Z More and more American and European companies are outsourcing significant research and development tasks to India, Russia, and China. The World Is Flat 2005-04-05T00:00:00Z It showed the Osage from the time they roamed the plains to their first encounter with European explorers and missionaries, and to the black-gold rush. Killers of the Flower Moon 2017-04-18T00:00:00Z European conquest of the remaining native states of Central America and northern South America followed during the 16th and 17th centuries. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z However, indigenous germs and food producers prevented Europeans from settling most of this region in significant numbers. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z Just at that very same moment, Europeans—at home and across the Atlantic—decided that they could no longer stand being objects themselves. Sugar Changed the World: A Story of Magic, Spice, Slavery, Freedom, and Science 2010-11-15T00:00:00Z Naval Academy’s first emergency class and shipped out for the European theater. Snow Falling on Cedars: A Novel 1994-09-12T00:00:00Z Others deal with “inbound” calls—everything from tracing lost luggage for U.S. and European airline passengers to solving computer problems for confused American consumers. The World Is Flat 2005-04-05T00:00:00Z In history class, Gogol has learned that European immigrants had their names changed at Ellis Island, that slaves renamed themselves once they were emancipated. The Namesake 2003-09-01T00:00:00Z Jobs were hard to come by, limited at least somewhat by the fact that managers at some of the big factories in Chicago regularly hired European immigrants over African American workers. Becoming 2018-11-13T00:00:00Z For his part, Atawallpa observed the power of Inka gold and silver to cloud European minds.* 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z Her mother was a European elf with a fiery temper and willowy figure. Artemis Fowl 2001-04-26T00:00:00Z “I am a handsome European businessman, and you are in love with me!” The Pigman 1968-10-12T00:00:00Z The Greenlanders’ last known contact with Europeans came in 1410 with an Icelandic ship that arrived after being blown off course. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z Millions of Europeans spent centuries behind the plow, staring at the blade as it ineffectively mired itself in the earth. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z In fact, Danes have more in common with Jamaicans when it comes to tolerating ambiguity than they do with some of their European peers. Outliers 2008-11-18T00:00:00Z No European ever saw sumpweed growing in Indian gardens, because it had disappeared as a crop by the time that European colonization of the Americas began, in A.D. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z Almost all the deaths were from diseases brought by Europeans. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z Named Freedom, this small space station will be an international effort, with help from the Europeans, Japanese, Canadians, and Russians. Flying to the Moon: An Astronaut's Story 1976-01-01T00:00:00Z “In Europe, during my many visits there, I have learned that European women smoke cigars along with the men.” The Great Santini 1976-01-01T00:00:00Z Wherever Europeans went during the colonial era, they took their music with them. Understanding Basic Music Theory 2018-01-28T00:00:00Z Instead of importing English-speaking slaves from the West Indies, who were more likely to be familiar with European language and culture, many more slaves were shipped directly from Africa. The New Jim Crow 2010-01-05T00:00:00Z When European explorers got wind of it, they declared it legendary: a unicorn. The Poisonwood Bible 1998-01-01T00:00:00Z To these thinkers, Indians were living demonstrations of wholly novel ways of being human—exemplary cases that were mulled over, though rarely understood completely, by countless Europeans. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z Unlike Europeans, Indians did not live in constant contact with many animals. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z The fairs lasted until the 1300s, when Venice came to dominate European trade with the Muslim world. Sugar Changed the World: A Story of Magic, Spice, Slavery, Freedom, and Science 2010-11-15T00:00:00Z It is far and away the most ambitious undertaking in the history of European music. The Story of Music 2012-12-25T00:00:00Z The importance of lethal microbes in human history is well illustrated by Europeans’ conquest and depopulation of the New World. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z It has lots of woods but also castles and farms and steepled villages and winding river valleys—the whole, as it were, European package. A Walk in the Woods 1997-11-01T00:00:00Z As a result, the three researchers suggested, adult Indians were—and possibly still are—more vulnerable to infectious diseases than adult Europeans. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z Laws were passed prohibiting sex between Europeans and natives, laws that were later amended to prohibit sex between whites and all nonwhites. Born a Crime: Stories from a South African Childhood 2016-11-15T00:00:00Z In October, Chicago’s all-black Eighth Infantry Regiment prepared to leave on the long journey across the Atlantic Ocean to the European continent. A Few Red Drops: The Chicago Race Riot of 1919 2018-01-02T00:00:00Z But the European conquests of the Americas, Siberia, and Australia illustrate the typical recent outcome. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z During the Crusades era, European nobles took over the commons so they could own it. An Indigenous People’s History of the United States 2019-07-01T00:00:00Z He let it go at that, and went back to talking about the destruction of European Jewry. The Chosen 1967-04-28T00:00:00Z Like Fermi, much of Oppenheimer’s scientific dream team was European, many of them Jews who had escaped from Hitler. Bomb 2012-01-01T00:00:00Z But the Osage Nation was in the way of the economic drive of the European world...and life as they once knew it would never be the same.” Killers of the Flower Moon 2017-04-18T00:00:00Z To Vranich, the capital’s lack of resemblance to European imperial cities extends well beyond the absence of marketplaces. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z Some of the most fascinating control work in European forests employs the forest red ant as an aggressive insect predator — a species which, unfortunately, does not occur in North America. Silent Spring 1962-09-27T00:00:00Z What further proof could be wanted to establish that the differences between Aboriginal Australian and European societies arose from differences between the peoples themselves? Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z The implication, implausible at first glance, was that Indians in their virgin-soil state were more vulnerable to European diseases than virgin-soil Europeans would have been. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z A herd of roe-deer in a European zoo stepped out of their corral when the gate was left open. Life of Pi 2001-09-01T00:00:00Z Verrazzano was one of the first Europeans the natives had seen, perhaps even the first, but the Narragansett were not intimidated. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z Every year that same number of Europeans—Irish and Germans mostly, fleeing famine and political unpleasantness—streamed into the harbors of Boston, New York, Philadelphia. The Underground Railroad: A Novel 2016-08-02T00:00:00Z Since there had never been a republican chief executive, there was no readily available vocabulary to characterize such a creature, except the verbal traditions that had built up around European courts and kings. Founding Brothers: The Revolutionary Generation 2000-10-17T00:00:00Z The first Europeans in Ohio found woodlands that resembled English parks—they could drive carriages through the trees. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z “We just want you young people to know how much we admire what you’re doing,” says one elderly lady with a European accent. Linked 2021-07-20T00:00:00Z That Indian farmers had greater skill and bounty, and more successful yields, than most Europeans who worked the same land. Orphan Train 2013-04-02T00:00:00Z She’s staring straight ahead, wearing a white dress with a necklace this rainy afternoon, her long nose and dark eyes seeming to blend in perfectly with the mostly eastern European faces surrounding her. The Color of Water: A Black Man's Tribute to His White Mother 1995-01-01T00:00:00Z In addition, Tawantinsuyu was invaded by other European pestilences, to which the Indians were equally susceptible. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z Though exhausted, ill, and anxious about the voyage ahead, they carried evidence of a vast, teeming, interconnected ecosystem of plants and insects, the likes of which the great European academies had never seen. The Girl Who Drew Butterflies: How Maria Merian's Art Changed Science 2018-02-20T00:00:00Z The only Europeans who knew tea were those few who worked in India, China, or Japan. Sugar Changed the World: A Story of Magic, Spice, Slavery, Freedom, and Science 2010-11-15T00:00:00Z Because most Europeans contracted the disease in childhood, the great majority of European adults, the conquistadors among them, were immune. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z The myxo virus, native to a wild species of Brazilian rabbit, had been observed to cause a lethal epidemic in European domestic rabbits, which are a different species. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z “European countries are surrounded by countries that are similar to one another, while America has Mexico, which is really a developing country, and so it creates a different psychology about immigration and borders.” Americanah 2013-05-14T00:00:00Z After De Soto left, no Europeans visited this part of the Mississippi Valley for more than a century. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z Yes, there still is a huge difference between the lifestyle of the average New Guinean and that of the average European or American. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z The resulting western European farming societies domesticated the poppy, which subsequently spread eastward as a crop. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z Before he was nine years old he could talk with one hand in the American way—and also could employ both of his hands after the method of Europeans. The Heart is a Lonely Hunter 1940-07-29T00:00:00Z Nine times out of ten, your European name was chosen at random, plucked from the Bible or taken from a Hollywood celebrity or a famous politician in the news. Born a Crime: Stories from a South African Childhood 2016-11-15T00:00:00Z European and U.S. environmentalists insist that the forest should never be cut down or used—it should remain, as far as possible, a land without people. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z Coming from places that had suffered many such experiences, Europeans fully grasped the potential consequences of smallpox. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z And of course, outright violence against Indigenous peoples by European forces occurred frequently. An Indigenous People’s History of the United States 2019-07-01T00:00:00Z When the first Europeans arrived in the New World, there were perhaps 950 million acres of woodland in what would become the lower forty-eight states. A Walk in the Woods 1997-11-01T00:00:00Z Last week, he had met two Nigerian men, distant friends of a friend, who said they knew an Eastern European woman, and he had paid them a hundred pounds. Americanah 2013-05-14T00:00:00Z And if the European entrance into the Americas five centuries ago was responsible for them, what moral reverberations does this have today? 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z When Europeans arrived on this continent, they often seemed unaware that many conditions that were useful to them were the result of Indigenous peoples’ stewardship of the land. An Indigenous People’s History of the United States 2019-07-01T00:00:00Z As if to underline the association, the British Parliament passed a Jewish Naturalisation Act in 1753, which was not to be emulated in any other European country for half a century. The Story of Music 2012-12-25T00:00:00Z The city was home to a large laboring class, a small middle class, and even a few millionaires who regularly packed up their wives and children for the Grand Tour of European capitals. The Best of Enemies 1996-04-01T00:00:00Z The Europeans dare not look at it with indifference. Long Walk to Freedom 1994-01-01T00:00:00Z This practice of taking and displaying the heads of enemies was a part of European military tradition. An Indigenous People’s History of the United States 2019-07-01T00:00:00Z The most popular repertoire they sing is mostly European, written in the 18th and 19th centuries. Music and the Child 2016-06-14T00:00:00Z Most Europeans of the day had been exposed to smallpox as children, and those who didn’t die were immune. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z As for the New York World-Telegram, it proclaimed that Bobby’s managing to avoid a loss in his first European tournament “highlighted a noteworthy turn in chess history.” Endgame 2011-02-01T00:00:00Z That is especially true at high altitudes in the Andes, where genetically European women have physiological difficulties even in reproducing, and where native Andean crops still offer the most suitable basis for food production. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z My life is like a memento mori painting from European art: there is always a grinning skull at my side to remind me of the folly of human ambition. Life of Pi 2001-09-01T00:00:00Z However, germs did not act solely to Europeans’ advantage. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z Among zookeepers, Goliath’s death is famous; he was a bull elephant seal, a great big venerable beast of two tons, star of his European zoo, loved by all visitors. Life of Pi 2001-09-01T00:00:00Z Aloe grows in Southeast and East Asia, so the Europeans knew little about it. Sugar Changed the World: A Story of Magic, Spice, Slavery, Freedom, and Science 2010-11-15T00:00:00Z He was reading everything he could find that told of the destruction of European Jewry. The Chosen 1967-04-28T00:00:00Z But the highlands, already occupied by dense populations of New Guineans, were not reached by Europeans until the 1930s. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z To understand long-ago Indian lives, one cannot avoid the accounts of the first literate people who saw them: European swashbucklers, fortune hunters, and missionaries. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z Did they have a list of young women with European Union passports who needed money? Americanah 2013-05-14T00:00:00Z Perhaps the oldest and most widely popular of these styles are the ones that join European and African musical traditions. Understanding Basic Music Theory 2018-01-28T00:00:00Z Added to European snobbery was white American scepticism about Dvorak's public statements. The Story of Music 2012-12-25T00:00:00Z It featured the lush tulips, roses, and lilies that had filled her childhood home and were still so popular in European society. The Girl Who Drew Butterflies: How Maria Merian's Art Changed Science 2018-02-20T00:00:00Z But the Doctrine of Discovery, which was ingrained in the mind-set of European colonizers, assured Christians that whatever land they saw was theirs to occupy and use. An Indigenous People’s History of the United States 2019-07-01T00:00:00Z Professor Hunk has a visiting professor colleague, a Jewish guy with a thick accent from the kind of European country where most people drink a glass of antisemitism at breakfast. Americanah 2013-05-14T00:00:00Z Plucky sailing vessels from half a dozen European nations dispersed to every ocean. Cosmos 1980-01-01T00:00:00Z Just as in their encounter with Native Americans, Europeans entering Africa enjoyed the triple advantage of guns and other technology, widespread literacy, and the political organization necessary to sustain expensive programs of exploration and conquest. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z It is likely that the first British villages in North America, thousands of miles from the House of Lords, would have lost some of the brutally graded social hierarchy that characterized European life. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z From his office in the Soviet-East European Division, Ames pulled secret files on every Soviet agent who had switched sides and was now working with the CIA. Spies: The Secret Showdown Between America and Russia 2019-10-01T00:00:00Z By the time the European invasions began, Indigenous peoples had occupied and made changes to every part of the Americas. An Indigenous People’s History of the United States 2019-07-01T00:00:00Z The people of Santa Fe, a city of just twenty thousand, began to wonder why so many men with European accents were suddenly walking the streets. Bomb 2012-01-01T00:00:00Z Criminals beheaded in Palermo, heretics burned alive in Toledo, assassins drawn and quartered in Paris—Europeans flocked to every form of painful death imaginable, free entertainment that drew huge crowds. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z Grimy brick tenements shifted in the corner of my eye, acquiring decorative statues and rococo stuccowork—the adornments of a European city. The City Beautiful 2021-10-05T00:00:00Z To hear what is going on in modern Non-Western cultures as their musicians are influenced by American and European pop, listen to "World" music. Understanding Basic Music Theory 2018-01-28T00:00:00Z These were boys from the internment camps, enlistees headed for the European theater, and among them, Sergeant Maples recalled, was the defendant, Kabuo Miyamoto. Snow Falling on Cedars: A Novel 1994-09-12T00:00:00Z A leading historian of Africa characterized Africans as inward looking and lacking Europeans’ drive for expansion. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z But he was the first modern researcher to put it together with the fact that smallpox visited before anyone in South America had even seen Europeans. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z If they resisted, they were to be conquered by European military action. An Indigenous People’s History of the United States 2019-07-01T00:00:00Z We remembered Erik the Red, the Viking who founded the first European settlement on Greenland, as being color-blind; he wanted to name the landmass after himself, but he got confused and named it Green. The Thing About Jellyfish 2015-09-22T00:00:00Z Another interpretation of the US origin myth found in some history books is the idea that relations between the Native people and the European Americans should be viewed as a cultural conflict. An Indigenous People’s History of the United States 2019-07-01T00:00:00Z If you want to fully understand what Europeans did when they encountered the Indigenous peoples of the Americas, it helps to know what happened in Europe in the centuries before 1492. An Indigenous People’s History of the United States 2019-07-01T00:00:00Z It was in the Eastern Mediterranean that African, Asian, and European civilizations, including the great cultures of Egypt and Mesopotamia, met and cross-fertilized in a vigorous and heady confrontation of prejudices, languages, ideas and gods. Cosmos 1980-01-01T00:00:00Z Europeans may not have known about microbes, but they thoroughly understood infectious disease. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z Throughout the Adams presidency, Jefferson and his Republican followers had been insisting that the French Revolution was the American Revolution on European soil and that France was therefore America’s major international ally. Founding Brothers: The Revolutionary Generation 2000-10-17T00:00:00Z Central Europeans became especially hooked on it; by the nineteenth century, maize was the daily bread of Serbia, Rumania, and Moldavia. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z On the other hand, Europeans viewed treaties as legal documents that focused on ending hostilities and as businesslike transactions where “the winner” got something from “the loser.” An Indigenous People’s History of the United States 2019-07-01T00:00:00Z If she wants to use obscure European words for everything to feel better about living here, then she can. Ask the Passengers 2012-10-23T00:00:00Z I was aware that the European Community and the States were inclined to relax sanctions based on Mr. de Klerk’s reforms. Long Walk to Freedom 1994-01-01T00:00:00Z One Eastern European woman, Iloba had told him, had asked the Nigerian man, an hour before their court wedding, to give her a thousand pounds extra or she would walk away. Americanah 2013-05-14T00:00:00Z As a rule, Indians were theologically prepared for the existence of Europeans. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z So, in places like Australia and the Americas, not only do most of the people speak European languages, much of their music also sounds Western. Understanding Basic Music Theory 2018-01-28T00:00:00Z The majority of Britons and other Europeans then depended on a few wealthy people for employment and survival. An Indigenous People’s History of the United States 2019-07-01T00:00:00Z Despite jazz’s African-American origins in the Blues and in New Orleans’s funeral procession bands, the members of the Original Dixieland Jass Band itself were the children of white European immigrants. The Story of Music 2012-12-25T00:00:00Z We talked about Berlin and the differences between European countries. Middlesex: A Novel 2002-06-05T00:00:00Z These Austronesians, with their Austronesian language and modified Austronesian culture, were already established on Madagascar by the time it was first visited by Europeans, in 1500. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z The Aristotelian wall was crumbling, thanks to the influence of the Muslims and the Hindus, and by the 1400s even the staunchest European supporters of Aristotelianism had their doubts. Zero: The Biography of a Dangerous Idea 2000-02-07T00:00:00Z Improvements in navigation, the lure of the spice trade and competition among rival European powers made the discovery of America around 1500 more or less inevitable. Cosmos 1980-01-01T00:00:00Z In 1929, the same Great Depression that affected the United States also struck Germany and other European countries. Hitler Youth: Growing Up in Hitler's Shadow 2005-04-01T00:00:00Z “What happened was that the impact of European contact altered the ecological dynamics in such a way that the passenger pigeon took off.” 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z And then there were houses like Desdemona and Lefty’s, with an overstuffed parlor, two bedrooms, a kitchen, and a backyard privy with a European toilet. Middlesex: A Novel 2002-06-05T00:00:00Z If Kainene were here, she would certainly say something mocking—There go the marauding Europeans. Half of a Yellow Sun 2006-09-12T00:00:00Z The Europeans, who had barely survived the previous winter, were in much worse shape. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z Under their nations’ flags, those Europeans fought Native people for control of that land. An Indigenous People’s History of the United States 2019-07-01T00:00:00Z But that advantage alone doesn’t fully explain how initially so few European immigrants came to supplant so much of the native population of the Americas and some other parts of the world. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z Perhaps writing arose independently on Easter before the arrival of Europeans, although no examples have survived. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z These were the songs by European classical composers like Giuseppe Verdi and Franz Schubert that she had heard Roland Hayes sing in church, and that she now began to learn. The Voice That Challenged a Nation: Marian Anderson and the Struggle for Equal Rights 2004-05-25T00:00:00Z As a kid during World War II, he’d sat in movie theaters, horrified by newsreel images of the smoking rubble of European cities that had been flattened by German bombs. Most Dangerous: Daniel Ellsberg and the Secret History of the Vietnam War 2015-09-22T00:00:00Z But this was because Indians north and south regarded Europeans as human beings exactly like themselves. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z However, the differential mortality from epidemic diseases in traditional European societies had little to do with intelligence, and instead involved genetic resistance dependent on details of body chemistry. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z They were Europeans, or descendants of European emigrants to America. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z During a European sojourn, he surprised a colloquium at the University of Leiden in the Netherlands by delivering a lecture in Dutch, which he had taught himself. Big Science 2015-07-07T00:00:00Z Northern Europeans who were sent out to hot tropical lowland areas used to die in droves of diseases such as malaria, to which tropical peoples had evolved some genetic resistance. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z Australian Aborigines, of course, stood in the way of European food production, especially because what was potentially the most productive farmland and dairy country initially supported Australia’s densest populations of Aboriginal hunter-gatherers. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z Europeans won military victories in New England, historians say, partly because they were divided among themselves. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z In 2016, Turkey made a deal with the European Union to take back Syrian refugees in exchange for Syrians living in Turkey who qualify for asylum in Europe. Without Refuge 2018-04-01T00:00:00Z Before apartheid, any black South African who received a formal education was likely taught by European missionaries, foreign enthusiasts eager to Christianize and Westernize the natives. Born a Crime: Stories from a South African Childhood 2016-11-15T00:00:00Z What could the Europeans use to buy Indian cloth? Sugar Changed the World: A Story of Magic, Spice, Slavery, Freedom, and Science 2010-11-15T00:00:00Z In all the major European languages the same metaphorical use of a word meaning ‘uncover’ was soon adopted to describe the voyages of discovery. The Invention of Science 2015-09-17T00:00:00Z But why did Europeans develop those three advantages before sub-Saharan Africans could? Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z As Europeans took over more and more of their land, the natives were forced onto reservations, and then over time most of their reservation land was taken from them. Blood on the River 2006-05-04T00:00:00Z European settlement reduced the number of Aborigines by two means. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z Archaeologists excavating 30,000-year-old Sapiens sites in the European heartland occasionally find there seashells from the Mediterranean and Atlantic coasts. Sapiens: A Brief History of Humankind 2011-01-01T00:00:00Z Today, Australia is populated and governed by 20 million non-Aborigines, most of them of European descent, plus increasing numbers of Asians arriving since Australia abandoned its previous White Australia immigration policy in 1973. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z All the people, all these adults, just started clapping, and one shouted “Bravo!” in a European accent. The Fault in Our Stars 2012-01-10T00:00:00Z European horses were eagerly adopted by Native Americans in both North and South America, within a generation of the escape of horses from European settlements. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z But even though they outnumbered the Europeans by as much as a hundred to one, they always lost. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z They were brought by Europeans and proceeded to transform the societies of Indian tribes that acquired them. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z As those light-skinned Christian Europeans became interested in conquering other places, they took with them the assumptions that they were inherently superior to many of the peoples they encountered. An Indigenous People’s History of the United States 2019-07-01T00:00:00Z Mixed in with the applause, though, was a spattering of whistles and the stamping of feet, the European equivalents of catcalls and boos. The Boys in the Boat: Nine Americans and Their Epic Quest for Gold at the 1936 Berlin Olympics 2014-05-27T00:00:00Z Thus, European potters had to reinvent Chinese manufacturing methods for themselves, but they were stimulated to do so by having models of the desired product before them. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z By the 1700s, guns had replaced swords as the main weapon favoring European invaders over Native Americans and other native peoples. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z It was my first experience with the high life, associated in my mind with decaying European aristocracy. Double Helix 1968-02-27T00:00:00Z The first Europeans known to have reached the Americas were the Vikings, who appeared off eastern Canada in the tenth century. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z Such views enjoyed an improbable durability and could be found repeated or echoed in European texts till near the end of the nineteenth century. A Short History of Nearly Everything 2003-05-06T00:00:00Z In those few European countries that permit limited postprison disqualification, the sanction is very narrowly tailored and the number of people disenfranchised is probably in the dozens or hundreds. The New Jim Crow 2010-01-05T00:00:00Z America’s botanical possibilities excited Europeans inordinately, and there was both glory and money to be made out in the woods. A Walk in the Woods 1997-11-01T00:00:00Z The famous rock paintings in Chauvet, France, made by cave- dwelling people of the Upper Palaeolithic period, or European Ice Age, are 32,000 years old. The Story of Music 2012-12-25T00:00:00Z To sweeten the deal, they also secretly agreed to divide up parts of Poland, the Baltic States, Finland, and Romania, as if European nations were a box of candy. A Thousand Sisters 2019-01-22T00:00:00Z In his church recitals he broke with tradition and featured classical songs by European composers along with traditional African American spirituals. The Voice That Challenged a Nation: Marian Anderson and the Struggle for Equal Rights 2004-05-25T00:00:00Z Seventy percent of the Eastern European Jews who came through Ellis Island in the thirty years or so before the First World War had some kind of occupational skill. Outliers 2008-11-18T00:00:00Z “Now,” Janie would say, imitating Grace studying for their European History final. Far from the Tree 2017-10-03T00:00:00Z The leaders of Jamestown tried to persuade Indians to transform themselves into Europeans. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z She wanted him to have a European experience and sharpen his use of foreign languages, which she kept insisting was so vital for his education. Endgame 2011-02-01T00:00:00Z I pictured the man as a raging demon, slashing with his pen, consumed with hate, denouncing everything American, extolling everything European or German, laughing at the weaknesses of people, mocking God, authority. Black Boy 1945-01-01T00:00:00Z In the decades that followed, extensive excavations revealed to increasingly intrigued eighteenth-century Europeans how sophisticated - and, to their consternation, how saucy - their ancient ancestors had been. The Story of Music 2012-12-25T00:00:00Z Hence the virus was intentionally introduced to Australia in 1950 in the hopes of ridding the continent of its plague of European rabbits, foolishly introduced in the nineteenth century. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z Europeans who colonized the Americas came from their own rich, ancient cultures. An Indigenous People’s History of the United States 2019-07-01T00:00:00Z "Certainly the most watched by NASA. We have all twelve of our Martian satellites taking pictures whenever his site's in view. The European Space Agency has both of theirs doing the same." The Martian 2011-01-01T00:00:00Z It was the last continent to be occupied by Europeans. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z Reassuringly, the results had been validated theoretically by Oppenheimer, who was gratified that they undermined certain European theories of quantum dynamics with which he heartily disagreed. Big Science 2015-07-07T00:00:00Z In order to create sugar, Europeans and colonists in the Americas destroyed Africans, turned them into objects. Sugar Changed the World: A Story of Magic, Spice, Slavery, Freedom, and Science 2010-11-15T00:00:00Z Many of our most popular American children’s songs hail from centuries of ballads, hymns, popular and folk music of early New Englanders, Scottish, and English settlers inhabiting Appalachia, and African and European descendants. Music and the Child 2016-06-14T00:00:00Z Like the stained-glass windows in European cathedrals, the massive Olmec sculptures and bas-reliefs were meant both to dazzle and instruct. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z The Aztec and Inca Empires were formed by 15th-century conquests, before Europeans arrived, but we know much about their formation from Indian oral histories transcribed by early Spanish settlers. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z Other peoples, including most Africans, have thrown off European colonial domination but remain far behind in wealth and power. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z However, archaeological excavations, and scrutiny of descriptions left by the very first European explorers on our coasts, now suggest an initial number of around 20 million Indians. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z European surrealists came across this colorful new art in the first years of the twentieth century. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z As a result, the contrast between musical styles in around 1500 and those of fifty years later, at the height of the European religious reforms, is dramatic. The Story of Music 2012-12-25T00:00:00Z Such imbalances of equipment were decisive in innumerable other confrontations of Europeans with Native Americans and other peoples. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z As the front of the American eugenics movement advanced from imprisonment to sterilization to outright murder, European eugenicists watched the escalation with a mix of eagerness and envy. The Gene 2016-06-02T00:00:00Z From the 1750s on, sugar transformed how Europeans ate. Sugar Changed the World: A Story of Magic, Spice, Slavery, Freedom, and Science 2010-11-15T00:00:00Z The Europeans presented a way for corn to spread even farther. The Omnivore's Dilemma 2006-04-11T00:00:00Z I had had similar requests put to me in Eastern European capitals. The Autobiography of Malcolm X 1965-01-01T00:00:00Z Non-Western music is any music that grew out of a different culture or musical tradition than the European. Understanding Basic Music Theory 2018-01-28T00:00:00Z From the first days of contact, Europeans have perceived the Indians of the tropics as living in timeless stasis. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z Rather than being the timeless indigenous adaptation portrayed in ecology textbooks, many archaeologists now view slash-and-burn agriculture as a relatively modern technique whose spread was driven by European technology. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z The first night she brought out a story about a three-year-old boy who knew the capitals of all the states and even most of the European countries. The Joy Luck Club 1989-01-01T00:00:00Z The Europeans had been farmers before; they would be farmers again. The Underground Railroad: A Novel 2016-08-02T00:00:00Z When Europeans finally began again to visit Greenland in 1577, its Norse colony no longer existed, having evidently disappeared without any record during the 15th century. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z “Sorry, but even if no Africans had been sold by other Africans, the transatlantic slave trade would still have happened. It was a European enterprise. It was about Europeans looking for labor for their plantations.” Americanah 2013-05-14T00:00:00Z The doorbell rang and he admitted his wife, a dark, attractive, European white woman who carried a book under her arm. Black Boy 1945-01-01T00:00:00Z She wanted to prove her hunch: that even these exotic creatures followed the same cycle as the European caterpillars she had already studied so thoroughly. The Girl Who Drew Butterflies: How Maria Merian's Art Changed Science 2018-02-20T00:00:00Z At that time some hundreds of bombs were dropped on industrial centers, chiefly in European Russia, Western Europe, and North America. 1984 1949-06-08T00:00:00Z Europeans reported seeing workshops, blacksmiths, and potters, as well as well-defended cities with churches and meetinghouses. Sugar Changed the World: A Story of Magic, Spice, Slavery, Freedom, and Science 2010-11-15T00:00:00Z He talked of nothing else but European Jewry and the responsibility American Jews now carried. The Chosen 1967-04-28T00:00:00Z The different European governments frequently pitted one Indigenous nation against another. An Indigenous People’s History of the United States 2019-07-01T00:00:00Z During the century after Verrazzano Europeans were regular visitors to the Dawnland, usually fishing, sometimes trading, occasionally kidnapping natives as souvenirs. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z I couldn’t even imagine going into the kitchen and chatting up Mrs. Bernoffski while she took a couple hours whipping up some crummy European substitute hot cocoa. Anthem of a Reluctant Prophet 2007-04-30T00:00:00Z The entry of America into the European war, with its stupendous resources, made an Allied victory seem almost inevitable by mid-1943, notwithstanding earlier tactical setbacks in North Africa and the Balkans. Big Science 2015-07-07T00:00:00Z So by the 1800s, when Europeans began to explore the islands, they saw lush green cane stalks already growing thickly from sea level up into the hills. Sugar Changed the World: A Story of Magic, Spice, Slavery, Freedom, and Science 2010-11-15T00:00:00Z But from colonial times through the days of apartheid, black people in South Africa were required to have an English or European name as well—a name that white people could pronounce, basically. Born a Crime: Stories from a South African Childhood 2016-11-15T00:00:00Z He was supposed to have AP European History with her this year. Time Bomb 2018-03-13T00:00:00Z Lee read European history, trying to discern from the filaments of the past some pattern of the future. East of Eden 1952-09-01T00:00:00Z Europeans, who grew up in germ-filled environments, usually lean the other way. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z He had wanted to develop a professional army to enhance US prestige in the eyes of European countries. An Indigenous People’s History of the United States 2019-07-01T00:00:00Z What I should drive, he told me, is a Mercury Mystique because they drive like a much more expensive European sedan. The Tipping Point 2000-01-01T00:00:00Z Nonetheless, one can say that for the most part the initial Indian-European encounter was less of an intellectual shock to Indians than to Europeans. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z Rogers and Colden admired these Indians, but not every European did. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z “The Germans aren’t the Central Europeans, dear,” his wife said very gently. A Separate Peace 1959-01-01T00:00:00Z Lawrence was more surprised to hear his deuton theory come under sustained attack from other European delegates. Big Science 2015-07-07T00:00:00Z Its Chapter 14, called “Accidental Conquerors,” sought to understand the outcome of the encounter between Europeans and Native Americans. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z Europeans today are heirs to one of the longest traditions of animal domestication on Earth—that which began in Southwest Asia around 10,000 years ago. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z But Heinrich was also a problematic figure, for his legacy included one of the most vicious attacks by European colonists on Africans, Germany’s 1904 war of extermination against the Hereros. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z He evidently believed that the Narragansett did not have enough experience with European guns to know that they were not as fearsome as they first appeared. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z “She is ignoring me. Did you notice how rude she was earlier? These Eastern Europeans just don’t like serving black people.” Americanah 2013-05-14T00:00:00Z Faced with a labor shortage, the Europeans turned their eyes to Africa. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z The virus had been endemic in Europe for centuries, which meant that most Europeans were exposed to it before adulthood. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z A recent centenary conference and festival devoted to him in modern Hungary simply described him, correctly, as 'European'. The Story of Music 2012-12-25T00:00:00Z “Maybe we’ll have it tonight, then, if he’s lucky. We eat late, hope you don’t mind. Late as Europeans, around here.” A Heart in a Body in the World 2018-09-18T00:00:00Z The style of the clothing and the vintage leather boots suggested that the victim was European and that the corpse had lain on the mountain at least ten or fifteen years. Into Thin Air 1996-08-01T00:00:00Z With the benefit of hindsight it marks the beginning of the end of Western European musical aloofness and the emergence of Russia as a major cultural presence. The Story of Music 2012-12-25T00:00:00Z But if the Interbreeding Theory is right, there might well be genetic differences between Africans, Europeans and Asians that go back hundreds of thousands of years. Sapiens: A Brief History of Humankind 2011-01-01T00:00:00Z “Was your civilization conquered by a European nation?” Made You Up 2015-05-19T00:00:00Z So reasoning, he continued down the hill, reaching the European Quarter. Middlesex: A Novel 2002-06-05T00:00:00Z For example, they wore European clothes, decorated at times in African ways. Sugar Changed the World: A Story of Magic, Spice, Slavery, Freedom, and Science 2010-11-15T00:00:00Z Within a year of the first European settlers’ arrival at Sydney, in 1788, corpses of Aborigines who had died in epidemics became a common sight. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z It was the look in Okeoma’s eyes that worried him the most: a disdainful distrust that made him think of reading somewhere that the African and the European would always be irreconcilable. Half of a Yellow Sun 2006-09-12T00:00:00Z Egypt’s wheat and barley never reached the Mediterranean climate at the Cape of Good Hope until European colonists brought them in 1652, and the Khoisan never developed agriculture. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z “You know the Europeans took out the insides of an African woman and then stuffed and exhibited her all over Europe?” Half of a Yellow Sun 2006-09-12T00:00:00Z Similar questions arise for the decimation of many other native peoples by Eurasian germs, as well as for the decimation of would-be European conquistadores in the tropics of Africa and Asia. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z Of course there were other causes of revolt, but these two are spectacular to a European, and rarely mentioned here. Travels with Charley in Search of America 1962-01-01T00:00:00Z In the mission schools, black people learned English, European literature, medicine, the law. Born a Crime: Stories from a South African Childhood 2016-11-15T00:00:00Z It wasn’t so popular with the rest of the world, and European nations in particular watched uneasily as Germany suddenly got a lot bigger. A Thousand Sisters 2019-01-22T00:00:00Z This unfair treaty, called the Munich Agreement, shows just how desperate the European powers were to avoid the outbreak of a war against Hitler’s Germany. A Thousand Sisters 2019-01-22T00:00:00Z I do not mean to imply, however, that the role of disease in history was confined to paving the way for European expansion. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z Even educated white Americans, Europeans, and Australians, when the subject of Australian Aborigines comes up, assume that there is something primitive about the Aborigines themselves. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z But amaMfengu were an industrious people, and because of their contact with Europeans, they were often more educated and “Western” than other Africans. Long Walk to Freedom 1994-01-01T00:00:00Z They captured the five and sent them to groups victimized by European kidnappers. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z Since the typical well-educated European was male, I use masculine pronouns when writing about the early modern period; I do not do this when writing about our own intellectual life. The Invention of Science 2015-09-17T00:00:00Z The reconstruction, published in newspapers and magazines around the world, elicited assertions that Indians had European ancestry. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z I scoffed as I scanned over an opinion piece calling for the assimilation of Eastern European immigrants into Chicago’s well-established German reform community. The City Beautiful 2021-10-05T00:00:00Z Ordinary working-class Europeans would not have known who Mozart was either during his life or for a long time after it. The Story of Music 2012-12-25T00:00:00Z “His spirit name. It means Demon Vengeance in a European language.” Endangered 2012-10-01T00:00:00Z And it was a system that Indians were abandoning in ever-rising numbers at the time when Europeans came. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z Public pairing ceremonies were the custom, he loudly pointed out, in all European and most international tournaments. Endgame 2011-02-01T00:00:00Z I loved Christmas with my dad because my dad celebrated European Christmas. Born a Crime: Stories from a South African Childhood 2016-11-15T00:00:00Z Southeast and the Mississippi River system, their destruction was accomplished largely by germs alone, introduced by early European explorers and advancing ahead of them. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z In the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries many Amazonian Indians, the Yanomamo among them, abandoned their farm villages, which had made them sitting ducks for European diseases and slave trading. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z He continued as her accompanist during both her American and European tours, while Marian and Billy continued as friends. The Voice That Challenged a Nation: Marian Anderson and the Struggle for Equal Rights 2004-05-25T00:00:00Z Perhaps their taste for it grew because Europeans had been exposed to sugar in a different way: through war. Sugar Changed the World: A Story of Magic, Spice, Slavery, Freedom, and Science 2010-11-15T00:00:00Z No more answering shady Internet requests, and certainly no more consorting with the sons of European crime lords. Artemis Fowl 2001-04-26T00:00:00Z “There is no place for the Bantu in the European community above the level of certain forms of labor,” he said. Long Walk to Freedom 1994-01-01T00:00:00Z “And the Olmec weren’t conquered by the Europeans. They died out.” Made You Up 2015-05-19T00:00:00Z If Europeans and Americans could perform such feats, why not Martians? Cosmos 1980-01-01T00:00:00Z In trying to be objective and fair, such perspectives ignore centuries of US policy and law that did not question whether European Americans had the right to take over the entire continent. An Indigenous People’s History of the United States 2019-07-01T00:00:00Z Before European settlement, the mainland United States was home to hundreds of Native American tribes and languages and came under control of a single government only within the last hundred years. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z “I am a handsome European businessman, and you are in love with me!” The Pigman 1968-10-12T00:00:00Z These included Chinese and Scottish, as well as some Eastern European ethnic folk music. The Story of Music 2012-12-25T00:00:00Z Only in tropical northern Australia did malaria and other tropical diseases force Europeans to abandon their 19th-century attempts at settlement, which succeeded only with the development of 20th-century medicine. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z The immediate causes of that language replacement were the advantages in technology and political organization, stemming ultimately from the advantage of an early rise of food production, that invading Europeans held over Native Americans. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z CBS, especially, had earned a reputation for reliability thanks to its reports on the European conflict. Spooked! 2018-08-07T00:00:00Z American and European eugenicists insisted on artificial selection to promote human “good”—but in nature there was no single “good.” The Gene 2016-06-02T00:00:00Z The great European powers were equally unwilling to recognize the land where slaves had freed themselves. Sugar Changed the World: A Story of Magic, Spice, Slavery, Freedom, and Science 2010-11-15T00:00:00Z The round Mongol faces had given way to faces of a more European type, dirty, bearded, and exhausted. 1984 1949-06-08T00:00:00Z Who was I, after all, but some comic Queequeg, holding close to my breast a reliquary containing the white powder of a dead European civilization? Hunger of Memory 1982-01-01T00:00:00Z Neither European nor Indian had a secular understanding of disease. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z According to Haudenosaunee tradition, the alliance was founded centuries before Europeans arrived. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z One other discovery by a European laboratory would help to establish the cyclotron as a must-have apparatus for physics research. Big Science 2015-07-07T00:00:00Z European knowledge of Mount Everest depends on a long history of discovery, exploration, surveying and cartography. The Invention of Science 2015-09-17T00:00:00Z “My career needed a fresh impetus, and perhaps a European stamp would help.” The Voice That Challenged a Nation: Marian Anderson and the Struggle for Equal Rights 2004-05-25T00:00:00Z What happens in 1968 will rule the fate of European optometrists for at least 50 years! Slaughterhouse-Five 1969-01-01T00:00:00Z The idea that European American “civilization” is superior to those of the American Indians and of the Africans who were enslaved for economic gain is called white supremacy. An Indigenous People’s History of the United States 2019-07-01T00:00:00Z From books, the Spaniards knew of many contemporary civilizations remote from Europe, and about several thousand years of European history. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z Alex keeps drinking, keeps alternating between thinking about it and forcing himself not to think about it, disappears into the crowd and dances with pretty European heiresses about it. Red, White & Royal Blue 2019-05-14T00:00:00Z In most cases, however, her paintings are so precise and lifelike that even today they could be used as a field guide to European and Surinamese insects. The Girl Who Drew Butterflies: How Maria Merian's Art Changed Science 2018-02-20T00:00:00Z Europeans in those days tended to view children as moving straight from infancy to adulthood around the age of seven, and often thereupon sent them out to work. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z Just like Europeans in the Age of Honey, a Hindu was expected to do the work of his or her ancestors. Sugar Changed the World: A Story of Magic, Spice, Slavery, Freedom, and Science 2010-11-15T00:00:00Z To the Soviet Union, which had been left out of the Munich Agreement, the rate at which Germany was gobbling up European territory was seriously alarming. A Thousand Sisters 2019-01-22T00:00:00Z As a white European woman of her time, Maria may have viewed slavery as part of colony life. The Girl Who Drew Butterflies: How Maria Merian's Art Changed Science 2018-02-20T00:00:00Z In fact, about half of European countries allow all people behind bars to vote, while others disqualify only a small number from the polls. The New Jim Crow 2010-01-05T00:00:00Z For instance, why weren’t Native Americans, Africans, and Aboriginal Australians the ones who decimated, subjugated, or exterminated Europeans and Asians? Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z His harmonic experiments flowed freely into later incarnations of jazz, the origins of which were most certainly not European, and have become part of a common musical heritage. The Story of Music 2012-12-25T00:00:00Z Within one century of European colonization, 40,000 years of Aboriginal traditions had been mostly swept away. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z Conversely, few or no distinctive lethal germs awaited would-be European conquerors in the New World. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z “I heard tell he was a kinsman of yours by adoption. He may have acquired another name, but the man is European.” The Subtle Knife 1997-01-01T00:00:00Z North American Plains Indians, South American Araucanian Indians, New Zealand’s Maoris, and Ethiopians acquired guns and used them to hold off European conquest for a long time, though they were ultimately defeated. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z For instance, one can examine what did happen when European farmers were transplanted to Greenland or the U.S. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z “Imbuing violence with holy meaning,” wrote the historian Iris Chang, “the Japanese imperial army made violence a cultural imperative every bit as powerful as that which propelled Europeans during the Crusades and the Spanish Inquisition.” Unbroken 2010-11-16T00:00:00Z Today the most numerous Native American tribe in the United States is the Navajo, who on European arrival were just one of several hundred tribes. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z Farming there had to await the arrival from faraway Europe, on European ships, of crops adapted to Europe’s cool climate and short growing season. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z Much like incense today, spices were thought of as having almost mystical, spiritual qualities. source that allowed Europeans to drain swamps and make use of lands that had previously gone to waste. Sugar Changed the World: A Story of Magic, Spice, Slavery, Freedom, and Science 2010-11-15T00:00:00Z The planters did their best to wipe out maroon groups, but many were so strong and well defended that the Europeans signed peace treaties with them. Sugar Changed the World: A Story of Magic, Spice, Slavery, Freedom, and Science 2010-11-15T00:00:00Z He married another mulatto, a woman who was half European and half Arawak, which is the Indian tribe indigenous to Jamaica, and had seven children. Outliers 2008-11-18T00:00:00Z The People of the First Light could avoid or adapt to European technology but not European disease. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z Since colonial times, when European cultures came into contact with many Non-Western cultures, musicians on all sides have been experimenting with music that is a blend of "the best of both worlds." Understanding Basic Music Theory 2018-01-28T00:00:00Z Indonesians, with their long history of exposure to malaria and other tropical diseases shared with New Guineans, have not faced as potent a germ barrier as have Europeans. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z Chapter 18 returns to the problem introduced in Chapter 3, the collision between European and Native American peoples. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z Europeans expected me to regularly wash my hands with prepackaged towelettes and to automatically reject all unpasteurized dairy products. Me Talk Pretty One Day 2000-05-02T00:00:00Z By contrast, all of Europe has just 4 language families—Indo-European, Finno-Ugric, Basque, and Turkic—with the great majority of Europeans speaking an Indo-European tongue. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z There are various explanations for this but, crucially, European culture allowed considerable space for competition and diversity. The Invention of Science 2015-09-17T00:00:00Z Such an explanation is on the right track, as those factors demonstrably were directly responsible for European conquests. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z As part of the vanguard of European cyclotron construction, the university soon would rival the Cavendish as the hub of nuclear science in Britain. Big Science 2015-07-07T00:00:00Z Unlike the Europeans, still mired in theory and speculation, Van Wagenen’s talk was all Yankee practicality. The Gene 2016-06-02T00:00:00Z When, after a thousand-year stupor, European thought shook off the effect of the sleeping powders so skilfully administered by the Christian Fathers, the problem of infinity was one of the first to be revived. Zero: The Biography of a Dangerous Idea 2000-02-07T00:00:00Z You can speak, for example, of European classical or the European-American folk tradition, as opposed to Indian Classical50 , Japanese folk, or African-American musics. Understanding Basic Music Theory 2018-01-28T00:00:00Z In any case, painting itself is a hangover from the European past. Cat's Eye 1988-09-01T00:00:00Z What began as a simple trip to Anne’s secret annex expanded into a tour across the entire European continent. The Freedom Writers Diary 1999-10-12T00:00:00Z In the 1100s, the richest Europeans slowly began to add more flavor to their food—because of a series of fairs and wars. Sugar Changed the World: A Story of Magic, Spice, Slavery, Freedom, and Science 2010-11-15T00:00:00Z Pacific Northwest Indian artists carved beautiful masks, boxes, bas-reliefs, and totem poles within the dictates of an elaborate aesthetic system based on an ovoid shape that has no name in European languages. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z Smugglers exploit refugees by charging exorbitant fees to smuggle them across European borders, hiding them in trucks and containers, where they are at high risk of abuse, injury, sickness, detection, and even death. Without Refuge 2018-04-01T00:00:00Z He could talk of nothing else but the destruction of European Jewry. The Chosen 1967-04-28T00:00:00Z In particular, numerous white American psychologists have been trying for decades to demonstrate that black Americans of African origins are innately less intelligent than white Americans of European origins. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z In these two ways, independent Aboriginal societies were eliminated in all areas suitable for European food production. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z Far more Native Americans died in bed from Eurasian germs than on the battlefield from European guns and swords. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z We can identify the chain of proximate factors that enabled Pizarro to capture Atahuallpa, and that operated in European conquests of other Native American societies as well. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z They were among the first Indigenous peoples on the Eastern Seaboard to experience what can accurately be called an invasion of European colonizers. An Indigenous People’s History of the United States 2019-07-01T00:00:00Z “I am cooking any type of European food, anything my master is eating in his country.” Half of a Yellow Sun 2006-09-12T00:00:00Z Who could care what spoon was used for what or the proper address for a European noble? Dread Nation 2018-04-03T00:00:00Z So little evidence has emerged of Indians fertilizing with fish that some archaeologists believe that Tisquantum actually picked up the idea from European farmers. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z Even before President Wilson mobilized United States troops, Swift had been called on for meat to feed the massive European armies that already had been battling for several years. A Few Red Drops: The Chicago Race Riot of 1919 2018-01-02T00:00:00Z “Free” land, with all its resources, was a magnet that attracted European settlers to the Americas. An Indigenous People’s History of the United States 2019-07-01T00:00:00Z At its peak, some 20,000 to 30,000 people lived in Palmares, following laws and customs in which beliefs brought over directly from Africa mixed with Native American and European practices. Sugar Changed the World: A Story of Magic, Spice, Slavery, Freedom, and Science 2010-11-15T00:00:00Z Indigenous languages differ from English or other European languages, both in their structure and in some of the sounds used. An Indigenous People’s History of the United States 2019-07-01T00:00:00Z She had teased Boubacar about Francophone Africans, how battered their minds were by the French and how thin-skinned they had become, too aware of European slights, and yet too enamored of Europeanness. Americanah 2013-05-14T00:00:00Z While consulting for CERN, the European Organization for Nuclear Research in Switzerland, he created the World Wide Web and posted the first Web site in 1991. The World Is Flat 2005-04-05T00:00:00Z For people of European ancestry, social class divisions were certainly more fluid in the United States than they had been in Europe, but the United States was never an entirely classless society. An Indigenous People’s History of the United States 2019-07-01T00:00:00Z Blends of European, Caribbean, and African-American people combined in a way like that of no other culture. Music and the Child 2016-06-14T00:00:00Z More and more Europeans saw growing sugar in the New World with slave labor as the road to vast wealth. Sugar Changed the World: A Story of Magic, Spice, Slavery, Freedom, and Science 2010-11-15T00:00:00Z When the Europeans actually arrived, the battered, fragmented cultures could not unite to resist the incursion. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z It bet, in effect, on England rather than France as the hegemonic European power of the future, which proved prophetic. Founding Brothers: The Revolutionary Generation 2000-10-17T00:00:00Z The first European visitors were concentrated at New Zealand’s northern end. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z That zero is not the same as nothing is a concept that baffled Europeans as late as the Renaissance. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z Almost certainly some other European would have come along within a few decades and sailed west to the New World. Cosmos 1980-01-01T00:00:00Z Let’s take a quick look at two of the ways Indigenous peoples managed their lands and resources prior to European invasion. An Indigenous People’s History of the United States 2019-07-01T00:00:00Z It’s a Russian link to her brother, it’s European, South American. The Namesake 2003-09-01T00:00:00Z At the sidewalk cafés, European teenagers were hanging out, speaking a dozen different languages and enjoying the sunny afternoon. The House of Hades 2013-10-08T00:00:00Z Northeastern Indians were appalled by the European propensity to divide themselves into social classes, with those on the lower rungs of the hierarchy compelled to defer to those on the upper. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z Whether Philip ever saw the manuscript is unknown, but Poma de Ayala's work—one of the few non- European accounts of Inka life—is now a fundamental scholarly source. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z The fall after the European trip, I started a project. We Were Liars 2014-05-13T00:00:00Z Pizarro came to Cajamarca by means of European maritime technology, which built the ships that took him across the Atlantic from Spain to Panama, and then in the Pacific from Panama to Peru. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z One good example is the huge variety the first European settlers found among the Aborigine peoples of Australia. Sapiens: A Brief History of Humankind 2011-01-01T00:00:00Z “Maybe it is a European notion,” Miss Adebayo said, “but in the bigger picture, we are all one race.” Half of a Yellow Sun 2006-09-12T00:00:00Z Billington was not among the company of saints, to put it mildly; within six months of arrival he became the first European in America to be tried for sassing the police. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z Indian and European mitochondrial DNA are strikingly different. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z Part of that critical thinking involves recognition that “America” is a name given to two land masses by European colonizers. An Indigenous People’s History of the United States 2019-07-01T00:00:00Z A European diplomat described a recent trip to North Vietnam, and the destruction he’d seen from American bombs. Most Dangerous: Daniel Ellsberg and the Secret History of the Vietnam War 2015-09-22T00:00:00Z And since Las Casas historians, clerics, and political activists have debated whether Europeans and their descendants in the Americas are morally culpable for the enormous Indian losses. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z Atahuallpa’s capture was decisive for the European conquest of the Inca Empire. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z Furthermore, once malaria and yellow fever did become transmitted to the Americas by European ship traffic, they emerged as the major impediment to colonization of the New World tropics as well. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z As it was, the Europeans had their hands full trying to understand the strange behavior of the electron. A Short History of Nearly Everything 2003-05-06T00:00:00Z Both are employed in European technology, but the former is more common—the arch is a classic example of compression. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z The minute after that she’d be telling me about some European king who chopped off people’s heads and stuff. The Million Dollar Shot 1997-10-01T00:00:00Z Nevertheless, the northern European tradition of work, play, and food right through the day, made it impossible for them to adjust themselves wholly to this new rhythm. Lord of the Flies 1954-09-17T00:00:00Z But the Europeans carried a disease, and they bequeathed it to their jailers. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z The stone technology of the Tasmanians, when first encountered by European explorers in A.D. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z Dr. Rosen, a round-bellied man with a plump face and small, even teeth, spoke with a faint Eastern European accent, something remotely Slavic. The Kite Runner 2003-05-01T00:00:00Z Eurasia and Mesoamerica developed indigenous writing, which failed to emerge in Polynesia, except perhaps on Easter Island, whose mysterious script may however have postdated the islanders’ contact with Europeans. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z He was a great Talmudist, but he had been trained in a European yeshiva, and I didn’t think he would take kindly to the scientific method of studying Talmud. The Chosen 1967-04-28T00:00:00Z Osiander’s preface certainly didn’t soothe the Lutherans, and the book was roundly condemned by the European protestant movement. The Scientists 2003-10-21T00:00:00Z And some have charged that the claims advance the political agenda of those who seek to discredit European culture, because the high numbers seem to inflate the scale of native loss. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z War between the natives and the Europeans continued for years. Blood on the River 2006-05-04T00:00:00Z In spite of everything in the European arsenal of conquest, Indigenous peoples survived more than five centuries of campaigns to take over their land and resources. An Indigenous People’s History of the United States 2019-07-01T00:00:00Z Although Europeans bemoaned the lack of salt in Indian cuisine, they thought it nourishing. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z The room smells vaguely of wood- smoke and sweat, and it is jammed with bleary- eyed people, Africans and Europeans sitting shoulder to shoulder. The Hot Zone 1994-01-01T00:00:00Z Many of the newer immigrants from eastern European countries like Poland and Lithuania were relegated to the ramshackle houses just west of the Union Stock Yard in the neighborhood aptly called Back of the Yards. A Few Red Drops: The Chicago Race Riot of 1919 2018-01-02T00:00:00Z He slows and points to a massive piece, a wooden tiger mauling a man dressed as a European soldier, the sign declaring: TIPU’S TIGER. Red, White & Royal Blue 2019-05-14T00:00:00Z While Muslims studied the words of the ancient Greeks, most Europeans turned to counting on their hands, and only a few knew how to read. Sugar Changed the World: A Story of Magic, Spice, Slavery, Freedom, and Science 2010-11-15T00:00:00Z But that only gave other Europeans the opportunity to take the lead in seeking sugar fortunes. Sugar Changed the World: A Story of Magic, Spice, Slavery, Freedom, and Science 2010-11-15T00:00:00Z Now let’s turn to the remaining question in our puzzle of African prehistory: why Europeans were the ones to colonize sub-Saharan Africa. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z After they ate bag lunches next to the bronze lions on the steps of the museum, they fanned out in the European wing. Chasing Vermeer 2004-06-01T00:00:00Z The idea, of course, is to make their American or European customers feel more comfortable. The World Is Flat 2005-04-05T00:00:00Z Whoever passed on the virus, its effects were still visible a decade later in 1792, when the British navigator George Vancouver led the first European expedition to survey Puget Sound. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z He taught, researched, published in prestigious U.S. and European journals, and ran his company. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z It depicts the American Revolutionas a liberation movement, a clean break not just from English domination but also from the historic corruptions of European monarchy and aristocracy. Founding Brothers: The Revolutionary Generation 2000-10-17T00:00:00Z In Sahagun’s reconstruction, the Franciscans speak first, their interpreters struggling to make European concepts clear in Nahuatl verse, the language of high discourse. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z He would be the lone American in attendance this time, rubbing shoulders and debating the fine points of nuclear physics with the most glittering stars of European science. Big Science 2015-07-07T00:00:00Z The word terminal suggests that Native nations and the peoples in them were completely wiped out by Europeans. An Indigenous People’s History of the United States 2019-07-01T00:00:00Z In the ‘Upstairs, Downstairs’ world of eighteenth-century European nobility, the in-house composer was definitely Downstairs, even one with an international reputation as prestigious as Haydn’s. The Story of Music 2012-12-25T00:00:00Z The same factors that molded Europeans’ encounters with Africans molded their encounters with Native Americans as well. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z Campbell could not disagree with Europeans’ condescending view of American science as a backwater rich in money and manpower but poor in theoretical understanding. Big Science 2015-07-07T00:00:00Z Yet he came away feeling that the Europeans had less to teach him and Beams than he had expected. Big Science 2015-07-07T00:00:00Z These language replacements in East Asia remind us of the spread of European languages, especially English and Spanish, into the New World, formerly home to a thousand or more Native American languages. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z Mechanical clocks give us a valuable chance to think comparatively, because we can see how other cultures responded when they were introduced to them by European travellers in the sixteenth century. The Invention of Science 2015-09-17T00:00:00Z “Not bad for a European,” his dad says. Red, White & Royal Blue 2019-05-14T00:00:00Z It is the merit of European political scientists and sociologists to give a high priority to the power of ideas in a social struggle. The Autobiography of Malcolm X 1965-01-01T00:00:00Z At the same time, the German dictator built up a huge military and started hacking out what he called a “Greater Germany,” a massive European empire that Hitler insisted rightfully belonged to Germans. Bomb 2012-01-01T00:00:00Z I couldn’t get used to the funny little sticks or the nebulous, European strategies. Middlesex: A Novel 2002-06-05T00:00:00Z Others distrusted Jews who lived apart, speaking Yiddish—which was the traditional language spoken by Eastern European Jews— and following ancient customs of dress, culture, and education. Surviving Hitler: A Boy in the Nazi Death Camps 2001-03-01T00:00:00Z The world of classical music—particularly in its European home—was until very recently the preserve of white men. Blink 2005-01-11T00:00:00Z My tribe’s migration came amid the time of European colonialism, and life was violent and turbulent across the region, as Africans were seized as slaves and forced into hard labor. How Dare the Sun Rise 2017-05-16T00:00:00Z Before my overseas assignment was made, I was tested in several European languages. The Boy on the Wooden Box 2013-08-27T00:00:00Z In modern times, European farmers thereby replaced western North American Indian hunters, Aboriginal Australians, and the San people of South Africa. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z But that boom came much too late to prepare Native Americans of the United States for the impending disaster of European colonization. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z Then they encountered European society and for the first time their history acquired a narrative flow. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z That contrasts sharply with the situation in Australia, the Americas, and South Africa, where European settlement was numerous and lasting and replaced the original native population over large areas. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z Even modern European plant geneticists have failed to develop any crop except macadamia nuts from Australia’s native wild flora. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z Throughout the eastern forest the open, park-like landscapes observed by the first Europeans quickly filled in. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z European Americans responded with patriotism for their adopted land. A Few Red Drops: The Chicago Race Riot of 1919 2018-01-02T00:00:00Z The cleanliness of the grounds also fell short of European standards, as he had feared it would. The Devil in the White City 2003-02-11T00:00:00Z ‘Dotted’ patterns, with the skipping rum-tah-tum emphasis they create, were very common indeed in European music of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, especially in France. The Story of Music 2012-12-25T00:00:00Z “You see how well our natives live?” a government official would proudly tell a bus full of incredulous American, Japanese and European tourists. Kaffir Boy: An Autobiography 1986-01-01T00:00:00Z African and European skulls of half a million years ago were sufficiently similar to skulls of us moderns that they are classified in our species, Homo sapiens, instead of in Homo erectus. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z The European Community had already begun to scale back sanctions. Long Walk to Freedom 1994-01-01T00:00:00Z His code name for the invasion was “Operation Barbarossa,” after the great twelfth-century tactician and emperor Frederick Barbarossa, who unified many European kingdoms under German rule as leader of the Holy Roman Empire. A Thousand Sisters 2019-01-22T00:00:00Z A smallpox epidemic in 1713 was the biggest single step in the destruction of South Africa’s native San people by European settlers. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z For the occasion of the 1935 European Rowing Championships, engineers had recently completed a large covered grandstand with a seating capacity of seventy-five hundred. The Boys in the Boat: Nine Americans and Their Epic Quest for Gold at the 1936 Berlin Olympics 2014-05-27T00:00:00Z When we think of major overseas population movements, we tend to focus on those since Columbus’s discovery of the Americas, and on the resulting replacements of non-Europeans by Europeans within historic times. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z Remove a pane of really old glass from the window of a European cathedral and it will be noticeably thicker at the bottom than at the top. A Short History of Nearly Everything 2003-05-06T00:00:00Z With this figure in hand, Mann and Fields calculated the average tenure of more than three hundred other lifetime appointments, including popes, European kings and queens, and U.S. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z After the reunification treaty was signed on October 3, Wolf's face started to appear on the covers of European newspapers. Spies: The Secret Showdown Between America and Russia 2019-10-01T00:00:00Z To borrow a trope from the historian Alfred Crosby, if Genghis Khan had arrived with the Black Death, this book would not be written in a European language. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z To the Europeans’ confusion, their steel and cloth did not interest the Narragansett, who wanted to swap only for “little bells, blue crystals, and other trinkets to put in the ear or around the neck.” 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z The Mexica reacted to the sacrilegious abduction of their leader with the same baffled horror with which Europeans later reacted to Cromwell’s execution of Charles I in 1649. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z Along these same lines, I think we should take the lead of European countries in trying to blur the sharp line that exists in our prisons between guards and other employees. Newjack: Guarding Sing Sing 2000-01-01T00:00:00Z The sole Native Americans able to resist European conquest for many centuries were those tribes that reduced the military disparity by acquiring and mastering both horses and guns. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z Jefferson seemed to think that, once unmoored from British docks and unburdened of European baggage, the ship would sail itself into the proverbial sunset. Founding Brothers: The Revolutionary Generation 2000-10-17T00:00:00Z Europeans had no such connections to North American lands. An Indigenous People’s History of the United States 2019-07-01T00:00:00Z Those languages eventually replaced all earlier western European languages except Basque. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z In other words, Pena might be able to find ancient American DNA hidden in Brazil’s European population. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z Only in the past few centuries, owing largely to European imperialism, have the world’s people been classified along racial lines. The New Jim Crow 2010-01-05T00:00:00Z The visitors from the European Commission, the UN, UNICEF, and several NGOs arrived at the center in a convoy of cars one afternoon. A Long Way Gone: Memoirs of a Boy Soldier 2007-02-13T00:00:00Z In each European language, of course, the pattern was slightly different. The Invention of Science 2015-09-17T00:00:00Z In the Americas, European colonizers used strategies they had used in Ireland, Africa, and Asia. An Indigenous People’s History of the United States 2019-07-01T00:00:00Z We remembered Hernando de Soto, who was the first European to explore what is now the southern United States, as Hernando de Soda: It was so hot down south that he needed a soda. The Thing About Jellyfish 2015-09-22T00:00:00Z The Europeans who came ashore at Cape Cod in November of 1620 carried a view of the world that was based on the teachings of Christian religious reformer John Calvin. An Indigenous People’s History of the United States 2019-07-01T00:00:00Z Like the carvings and stained-glass windows in European cathedrals, the art in San Lorenzo and other Olmec cities consisted mainly of powerful, recurring images—the crucifixions and virgins, so to speak, of ancient Mesoamerica. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z This is important, and although such programs might well include the resistant European elms, they should aim at a variety of species so that no future epidemic could deprive a community of its trees. Silent Spring 1962-09-27T00:00:00Z Fearing that Hindu-Arabic numerals—the o through 9 used today—would promote confusion and fraud, some European authorities banned them until the fourteenth century. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z The drugs weren't readily available in the United States, and so states had started importing them from European manufacturers. Just Mercy 2014-10-21T00:00:00Z Those same problems of slow growth and fast squirrels probably also explain why beech and hickory trees, heavily exploited as wild trees for their nuts by Europeans and Native Americans, respectively, were also not domesticated. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z It is debatable, however, whether this represents a ‘timeless’ condition or the impact of European imperialism. Sapiens: A Brief History of Humankind 2011-01-01T00:00:00Z The Simbas have cleared the place of Europeans without ever setting foot here. The Poisonwood Bible 1998-01-01T00:00:00Z Before the recent overseas expansion of Europeans speaking Indo-European languages, Austronesian was the most widespread language family in the world. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z “And finally, the most exciting change: we’ve decided to name this new correspondence the Tattler. After the European magazine all the ladies over there read.” The Help 2009-02-10T00:00:00Z When Europeans at last arrived, their technological and other advantages enabled them to establish temporary colonial domination over most of tropical Southeast Asia and the Pacific islands. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z The Europeans couldn’t imagine a reasonable society failing to take that step, and it’s hard for us to imagine even now. The Poisonwood Bible 1998-01-01T00:00:00Z And wars against the Muslims brought Europeans to sugar. Sugar Changed the World: A Story of Magic, Spice, Slavery, Freedom, and Science 2010-11-15T00:00:00Z European agricultural production exploded after the arrival of the moldboard plow. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z Those lands became productive not only for European settlers but also, in some cases, for Native Americans, as soon as Europeans introduced suitable domestic animals and crops. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z In afterdinner conversation, he sometimes referred, in a tone of utter boredom, to summers spent with the European nobility in the castles of Liechtenstein or the Cote d’Azur. The House of the Spirits: A Novel 1982-01-01T00:00:00Z “The iniquitously expensive and secretive British secondary school my sister and I attended. My father thought we were too young to be sent abroad, but he was determined that we be as European as possible.” Half of a Yellow Sun 2006-09-12T00:00:00Z It wasn’t only Americans and Europeans who joined the people of the Soviet Empire in celebrating the fall of the wall—and claiming credit for it. The World Is Flat 2005-04-05T00:00:00Z Because of his family history and European childhood, Houseman learned four languages by the time he was five years old—French, English, German, and Romanian. Spooked! 2018-08-07T00:00:00Z Soldiers wore armor made from sculpted, quilted cloth that was almost as effective at shielding the body as European armor and much fighter. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z Through the eating club, she had friends who were white and wealthy, including a bona fide teenage movie star and a European student rumored to be a princess. Becoming 2018-11-13T00:00:00Z When the news spread that the drugs were being used in executions in the United States, European producers stopped making them available. Just Mercy 2014-10-21T00:00:00Z Why, despite that head start, did Europeans end up conquering Australia, rather than vice versa? Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z Writing empowered European societies by facilitating political administration and economic exchanges, motivating and guiding exploration and conquest, and making available a range of information and human experience extending into remote places and times. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z Verrazzano was baffled by this “barbarous” behavior, but the reason for it seems clear: unlike the Narragansett, the Abenaki had long experience with Europeans. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z While I already stressed the difficulties posed by Australia’s climate and soils, its most productive or fertile areas can nevertheless support European farming. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z CERN, the European Organization for Nuclear Research, is like a little city. A Short History of Nearly Everything 2003-05-06T00:00:00Z My sense is that a large majority of social scientists still favors proximate explanations for the different courses of European and Chinese history. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z Iceland is split down the middle, which makes it tectonically half American and half European. A Short History of Nearly Everything 2003-05-06T00:00:00Z There are lots of Irish types and Eastern Europeans, and, of course, there are Mexicans. Aristotle and Dante Discover the Secrets of the Universe 2012-02-21T00:00:00Z One of the mounds at Cahokia is believe to be the largest earthwork in the Americas to have been built before the European invasions. An Indigenous People’s History of the United States 2019-07-01T00:00:00Z Second, doesn’t addressing Yali’s question automatically involve a Eurocentric approach to history, a glorification of western Europeans, and an obsession with the prominence of western Europe and Europeanized America in the modern world? Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z “Do you remember what the European continent looks like?” I Can Make This Promise 2019-10-01T00:00:00Z With this warning, Jean Thiriart, Secretary of the National Union of Belgium Opticians, is pressing for formation of a “European Optometry Society.” Slaughterhouse-Five 1969-01-01T00:00:00Z All the major European capitals—Berlin, London, Paris, Rome, Vienna—were metropolitan centers that gathered together the political, economic, and cultural energies of their respective populations in one place. Founding Brothers: The Revolutionary Generation 2000-10-17T00:00:00Z Europeans today who note that Aboriginal Australians entered the modern world as Stone Age hunter-gatherers often assume that the Aborigines would have gone on that way forever. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z Her eyes and the cast of her brow feel more European. Dry 2018-10-02T00:00:00Z Chief Opechancanough did mount one more large attack on the settlers, in 1644, but by then the European population had grown and the Indian population had been decimated. Blood on the River 2006-05-04T00:00:00Z It is funded by the European Union, and we hope to try to reforest the hills and mountains along the shores of Lake Tanganyika, helping the people to live in better harmony with nature. My Life with the Chimpanzees 1988-03-01T00:00:00Z Throughout the Americas, diseases introduced with Europeans spread from tribe to tribe far in advance of the Europeans themselves, killing an estimated 95 percent of the pre-Columbian Native American population. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z Most Americans and many Europeans equate native Africans with blacks, white Africans with recent intruders, and African racial history with the story of European colonialism and slave trading. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z That spirit alarmed and discomfited many Europeans, toff and peasant alike. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z Just as Indian mathematicians accepted zero while Europeans rejected it for centuries, the East embraced negative numbers while the West tried to ignore them. Zero: The Biography of a Dangerous Idea 2000-02-07T00:00:00Z In the Cape of South Africa the arriving Europeans found not only Khoi hunter-gatherers but also Khoi herders who already possessed only domestic animals, not crops. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z She explained quietly, “Tata Fowells is especially interested in the birds. He has classified many kinds in this region that were never known before by the Europeans.” The Poisonwood Bible 1998-01-01T00:00:00Z By contrast, swine, mainstays of European agriculture, transmit anthrax, brucellosis, leptospirosis, trichinosis, and tuberculosis. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z The grimmest examples of germs’ role in history come from the European conquest of the Americas that began with Columbus’s voyage of 1492. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z “Instead, let’s talk about your little European vacation,” Luna says. Red, White & Royal Blue 2019-05-14T00:00:00Z The Indigenous peoples’ land base has also been drastically reduced since first contact with Europeans. An Indigenous People’s History of the United States 2019-07-01T00:00:00Z In mid-November, Pearl and Moody, along with the rest of their modern European history class, had gone to the art museum to look at paintings. Little Fires Everywhere 2017-09-12T00:00:00Z Her accent was thick, Eastern European, Shadow guessed. American Gods 2011-06-21T00:00:00Z Despite his fragile physical and mental health, William still had an unequaled breadth of cryptographic experience, as well as close and long-standing friendships with key people in European intelligence circles. The Woman All Spies Fear 2021-10-19T00:00:00Z He was dressed in European clothes, but around his neck hung many charms and around his hips was tied a leopard skin. A Girl Named Disaster 1996-01-01T00:00:00Z With wealth and immortality the bait, the European nobility found itself transferring large sums to the practitioners of this dubious art. Cosmos 1980-01-01T00:00:00Z Indians were surprised when strange-looking people appeared on their shores, but unlike Europeans they were not surprised that such strange people existed. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z The number includes very dangerous malaria vectors in West Africa, the Middle East, Central America, Indonesia, and the eastern European region. Silent Spring 1962-09-27T00:00:00Z Collectively recoiling from the native population of the Americas, Europeans learned how to become a new version of themselves. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z One corner of Staten Island, but only a corner, is European. A Short History of Nearly Everything 2003-05-06T00:00:00Z Alarmed, European leaders realized it was only a matter of time before Hitler moved against Poland. Hitler Youth: Growing Up in Hitler's Shadow 2005-04-01T00:00:00Z Slash-and-burn was a product of European axes—and European diseases, which so shrank Indian groups that they adopted this less laborious but also less productive method of agriculture. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z The Canadians take a broader view, and some of the Europeans have gone farthest of all to develop the science of “forest hygiene” to an amazing extent. Silent Spring 1962-09-27T00:00:00Z Of the five African groups, representatives of many populations of blacks and whites are familiar to Americans and Europeans and need no physical description. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z Now only a handful of European phrases remained in his memory, scattered words for things like saucers and chairs. Interpreter of Maladies 1999-05-22T00:00:00Z As for the Indians, evidence suggests that they tended to view Europeans with disdain as soon as they got to know them. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z He became the Angel of Death and tortured every twin on the European continent that he could get his hands on. The Freedom Writers Diary 1999-10-12T00:00:00Z Many European leaders worried that Hitler was preparing Germany’s young people for war. Hitler Youth: Growing Up in Hitler's Shadow 2005-04-01T00:00:00Z Her house was decorated in a sort of European way—I especially remember all the nude wood statues from Africa she had placed in almost every room. While the World Watched: A Birmingham Bombing Survivor Comes of Age during the Civil Rights Movement 2011-02-01T00:00:00Z Handel, though, not only represented a musical amalgam of European styles during his lifetime; he also bequeathed to the next generation of composers a non-parochial, universal idiom that was venerated and built upon. The Story of Music 2012-12-25T00:00:00Z That is how the European tribes operate, she said. The Underground Railroad: A Novel 2016-08-02T00:00:00Z At the age of six, he played the piano like a European master. The Underground Railroad: A Novel 2016-08-02T00:00:00Z “Good” hair was seen as anything closer to European standards of beauty. The Sun Is Also a Star 2016-11-01T00:00:00Z At the same time, Europeans were impressed by American technology. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z In the summer of 1945, as Europeans picked through the rubble of their ruined cities and burned-out farms, Soviet and American soldiers eyed each other warily. Spies: The Secret Showdown Between America and Russia 2019-10-01T00:00:00Z For a considerable time—some centuries—the new scientific knowledge was confined within the boundaries of Europe and the ships and colonies of Europeans abroad. The Invention of Science 2015-09-17T00:00:00Z Africa is the continent where protohumans evolved for the longest time, where anatomically modern humans may also have arisen, and where native diseases like malaria and yellow fever killed European explorers. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z European scientists were sharing more among themselves than were the Americans, albeit through personal contacts, not in the pages of widely published journals. Big Science 2015-07-07T00:00:00Z The people of these “mound builder” civilizations dispersed before the European invasion, but we know their descendants today as the Cherokee, Chickasaw, Choctaw, Muscogee Creek, and Natchez Nations of the Southeast. An Indigenous People’s History of the United States 2019-07-01T00:00:00Z The Doctrine of Discovery was laid out in a series of communications from the pope, leader of the Catholic Church, who was extremely influential in European politics at the time. An Indigenous People’s History of the United States 2019-07-01T00:00:00Z The European crowds who were watching preparations begin for the Candidates tournament liked Bobby too, but for different reasons: Americans weren’t supposed to play as well as he did. Endgame 2011-02-01T00:00:00Z Elisabet worries genuinely, in spite of our reassurances, that she and Anatole might have been assigned new first names, since theirs are European and “colonialist.” The Poisonwood Bible 1998-01-01T00:00:00Z In fact, most of this book will deal with peoples other than Europeans. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z Since neither pigs nor chickens can be harnessed to pull carts, highlanders remained without sources of power other than human muscle power, and also failed to evolve epidemic diseases to repel the eventual European invaders. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z In his travels, Tisquantum stayed in places where Europeans used fish as fertilizer, a practice on the Continent since medieval times. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z European immigrants were also deemed poor candidates for slavery, not because of their race, but rather because they were in short supply and enslavement would, quite naturally, interfere with voluntary immigration to the new colonies. The New Jim Crow 2010-01-05T00:00:00Z That part of the world was not new to the people who had lived there for thousands of years when the Europeans arrived. An Indigenous People’s History of the United States 2019-07-01T00:00:00Z It is true that European technology dazzled Native Americans on first encounter. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z The red blood cells of people of European descent look roughly globular. Cosmos 1980-01-01T00:00:00Z It was mainly the wealthier Europeans who became land barons, plantation owners, and successful businessmen in the colonies. An Indigenous People’s History of the United States 2019-07-01T00:00:00Z He was fluent in several European languages and acted as a kind of clearing house for scientific information, communicating by letter with scientists all over Europe. The Scientists 2003-10-21T00:00:00Z Over time, the Wampanoag, like other native societies in coastal New England, had learned how to manage the European presence. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z The Christian Crusades in the Holy Lands failed, as the Europeans could not hold on to any sites taken from the Muslims for very long. Sugar Changed the World: A Story of Magic, Spice, Slavery, Freedom, and Science 2010-11-15T00:00:00Z Most probably they cooked African yams in stews with European spice mixtures and native maize. Sugar Changed the World: A Story of Magic, Spice, Slavery, Freedom, and Science 2010-11-15T00:00:00Z The first Europeans settled on the coast, and it took them a long time to penetrate into the interior, but by 1960 European governments had established political control over most New Guineans. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z His gentle demeanor aside, he thrived on combat, and improbably, given his academic and chess prowess, he’d once been the European heavyweight amateur boxing champion. Endgame 2011-02-01T00:00:00Z I envy some of my friends who are convinced about telepathy; oddly enough, it is my European scientist acquaintances who believe it most freely and take it most lightly. The Lives of a Cell 1974-01-01T00:00:00Z He looked positively offended at the Olmec failure to see the world in the same way as a contemporary European engineer. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z The only societies that survived more or less intact were those in areas of northern and western Australia useless to Europeans. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z The explanation is partly that medieval European printers were able to combine six technological advances, most of which were unavailable to the maker of the Phaistos disk. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z The design of the moldboard plow is so obvious that it seems incredible that Europeans never thought of it. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z His first name is Josef and they call him Uncle Joe, because he has a mustache and an Eastern European accent and is authoritarian in his opinions. Cat's Eye 1988-09-01T00:00:00Z Contemporary European rulers also included some who despised guns and tried to restrict their availability. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z In Europe alone, the fall of the wall opened the way for the formation of the European Union and its expansion from fifteen to twenty-five countries. The World Is Flat 2005-04-05T00:00:00Z It looked like something out of a European palace. Shelter (Book One): A Mickey Bolitar Novel 2011-09-15T00:00:00Z As a result, European conquest did not create widespread or lasting European settlement of sub-Saharan Africa, except in the far south. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z I could see distinctly the limbs of these vermin with my naked eye, much better than those of a European louse through a microscope, and their snouts with which they rooted like swine. The Invention of Science 2015-09-17T00:00:00Z White Americans have thought of it as their shame, and have envied those more civilized and elegant European nations that were untroubled by the presence of black men on their shores. The Fire Next Time 1963-01-21T00:00:00Z John Kikulski, a rousing speaker much beloved in the Polish community, was tasked with energizing the eastern Europeans. A Few Red Drops: The Chicago Race Riot of 1919 2018-01-02T00:00:00Z In the hands of Voltaire, say, or Jonathan Swiff, these accounts stimulated a new perspective on European society, forcing a reconsideration of that insular world. Cosmos 1980-01-01T00:00:00Z They traveled on overland and water routes the Indigenous peoples made, and ultimately, they used those routes to move their armies in wars against Indigenous nations and other European nations. An Indigenous People’s History of the United States 2019-07-01T00:00:00Z During the next three thousand years, Peru hosted so many diverse cultures that the archaeological timelines in textbooks, with their multiple arrows and switchbacks, are as impenetrable as the family trees of European kings. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z Proper British airmen flying over the European Continent carry a couple of photographs in their emergency kit, just in case they’re shot down and need fake ID. Code Name Verity 2012-05-15T00:00:00Z When seventeenth-century European sailors first saw the southern skies they put objects of seventeenth- century interest in the heavens—toucans and peacocks, telescopes and microscopes, compasses and the sterns of ships. Cosmos 1980-01-01T00:00:00Z Introduced cattle and goats, kept in small numbers, suffer from tropical diseases, just as do European people themselves. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z Every year, he dispatched his most promising graduate astronomers to the great European centers of scientific learning, such as Cambridge, Manchester, Paris, or Gottingen, Germany. Big Science 2015-07-07T00:00:00Z At the time of Hawaii’s “discovery” by Europeans in 1778, political unification had already taken place within each Hawaiian island, and some political fusion between islands had begun. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z Europeans became considered genetically more intelligent than Africans, and especially more so than Aboriginal Australians. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z Immediate reasons for Pizarro’s success included military technology based on guns, steel weapons, and horses; infectious diseases endemic in Eurasia; European maritime technology; the centralized political organization of European states; and writing. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z Other European groups may also have arrived before Columbus, but they, too, had no well-substantiated impact on the people they visited. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z These maps were originally intended as tools for sailors, not assertions of European supremacy; they look like ideological statements only to people who do not use them for navigation. The Invention of Science 2015-09-17T00:00:00Z European weapons were steel swords, lances, and daggers, supplemented by small firearms and artillery, while body armor and helmets were also made of solid steel or else of chain mail. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z It must have been built, red brick by red brick, to be the most magnificent building the workers had ever seen, like a European cathedral. Tangerine 1997-01-01T00:00:00Z Later writers tended to attribute European success not to European deities but to European technology. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z They did not come into substantial contact with Europeans until the sixteenth century, when Russian fur merchants overturned their governments, established military outposts throughout the region, and demanded furs in tribute. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z Very soon, in any case, a new Italian sound was to dominate European music once again, leaving both the French opera and ballet styles in its wake. The Story of Music 2012-12-25T00:00:00Z A first step toward satisfying that responsibility for Europeans and their descendants in North and South America would be to treat indigenous people today with respect—something that, alas, cannot yet be taken for granted. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z In fact, in practice, ragas are even more different from each other than the medieval European modes were. Understanding Basic Music Theory 2018-01-28T00:00:00Z Nowhere else in Europe and at no other time in European history has so much opera been performed as in Italy between 1815 and i860. The Story of Music 2012-12-25T00:00:00Z There is no doubt that Europeans developed a big advantage in weaponry, technology, and political organization over most of the non-European peoples that they conquered. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z In the early 1800s, European traders, missionaries, and whalers began to visit New Zealand, which had been occupied 600 years previously by Polynesian farmers and fishermen known as Maoris. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z Africans, it was presumed, did not care for bread as it was a “European” type of food. Long Walk to Freedom 1994-01-01T00:00:00Z Bigger European ships with sails had some advantages. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z He had traveled half around the world and his talk was pitted with vague allusions to European cities. Black Boy 1945-01-01T00:00:00Z The basic question to be answered is: why did Europeans reach and conquer the lands of Native Americans, instead of vice versa? Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z For his successors, in fact, the main task was not to discover whether Indians’ ancestors had walked over from Eurasia, but which Europeans or Asians had done the walking. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z Contact with Indians caused Europeans considerably more consternation. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z Chestnut was especially popular—not the imported European chestnut roasted on Manhattan street corners in the fall, but the smaller, soft-shelled, deeply sweet native American chestnut, now almost extinguished by chestnut blight. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z I saw clearly the obvious European influence upon the Lebanese culture. The Autobiography of Malcolm X 1965-01-01T00:00:00Z Battered by European diseases and slave raiding, many fled to the Orinoco, becoming wandering foragers. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z Sometimes it just seemed easier to blurt out what Mom calls my pie chart: half Mexican, half fill-in-the-blank with the names of a bunch of different European countries. The First Rule of Punk 2017-08-22T00:00:00Z Finally, we’ll see how insight into the animal origins of our infectious diseases helps explain the momentous, almost one-way exchange of germs between Europeans and Native Americans. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z What are the rules of this European musical language? Understanding Basic Music Theory 2018-01-28T00:00:00Z Native states in contact with European states have arisen from chiefdoms repeatedly in the last three centuries in Madagascar, Hawaii, Tahiti, and many parts of Africa. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z Spain’s New World colonies were soon joined by those of half a dozen other European states. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z In fact, Europeans did not begin to learn about Arabic numbers until much closer to the time this drawing was made, around A.D. Sugar Changed the World: A Story of Magic, Spice, Slavery, Freedom, and Science 2010-11-15T00:00:00Z European- style agriculture would not only fall victim to mega-Ninos, it would permanently ruin the forest soils. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z The term is misleading, since these mounds vary greatly in shape and purpose as well as in date, ranging from about 2000 B.C. to the time of the Europeans’ arrival. History of Art, Volume 1 1962-01-01T00:00:00Z He was twenty-seven, had gone to Williams College, was a student of European history. The Namesake 2003-09-01T00:00:00Z Finally I heard that strange European ring—waaap-waaap. . . waaap-waaap—and a man whom I could only assume was profoundly intoxicated answered the phone. Miss Peregrine's Home for Peculiar Children 2011-06-07T00:00:00Z John Kikulski was particularly effective, speaking in Polish and Lithuanian to capture the hearts of the eastern European workers. A Few Red Drops: The Chicago Race Riot of 1919 2018-01-02T00:00:00Z A few European observers before Holmberg had remarked upon the earthworks’ existence, though some doubted that the causeways and forest islands were of human origin. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z The accounts of the initial encounters between Indians and Europeans are windows into the past, even if the glass is smeared and distorted by the chroniclers’ prejudices and misapprehensions. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z When microbes arrived in the Western Hemisphere, he argued, they must have swept from the coastlines first visited by Europeans to inland areas populated by Indians who had never seen a white person. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z In his thirties, Liszt became music’s first international star, embarking on a merry-go-round of European tours, where he was known, and treated, as ‘The King of the Piano’. The Story of Music 2012-12-25T00:00:00Z Jefferson's version of a classless American society was therefore a pipe dream, because the source of the problem was not European feudalism but human nature itself. Founding Brothers: The Revolutionary Generation 2000-10-17T00:00:00Z Instead, he saw the French Revolution as the European continuation of the spirit of ’76. Founding Brothers: The Revolutionary Generation 2000-10-17T00:00:00Z They were Europeans, and they seemed so odd to us with their long noses and white skin. Lost Boy, Lost Girl 2010-01-01T00:00:00Z Later, of course, Europeans stripped New England almost bare of trees. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z He came back not just tan and full of knowledge and pictures, but ripe with stories of the European girls he had hooked up with. It’s Kind of a Funny Story 2006-04-02T00:00:00Z Despite European guns, the Indians’ greater numbers, entrenched positions, knowledge of the terrain, and superb archery made them formidable adversaries. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z The shape of his face was Eastern European, and he had a thick mass of curly gray hair. Genuine Fraud 2017-09-05T00:00:00Z The Haudenosaunee people today retain a fully functioning confederacy, similar to what they had before European arrival. An Indigenous People’s History of the United States 2019-07-01T00:00:00Z In addition, Native American armies had no animals to oppose to horses, whose value for assaults and fast transport gave Europeans an overwhelming advantage until some Native American societies themselves adopted them. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z “Why, that last test wasn’t even fair. Questions on the proper address of European nobles? And European-style place settings? We ain’t even talked about that stuff in our lessons.” Dread Nation 2018-04-03T00:00:00Z Indeed, the Yanomamo are relative newcomers to their homeland, many of them moving there only in the seventeenth century as they fled European diseases and cruelty further south. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z He had, of course, seen plenty of bare limbs before, belonging to the American and European ladies who took his tours. Interpreter of Maladies 1999-05-22T00:00:00Z In arguing that Indians died at anomalously high rates from European diseases, are researchers claiming that they were somehow uniquely vulnerable? 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z First, Europeans have for thousands of years been living in densely populated societies with central governments, police, and judiciaries. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z Every European and Asian culture since, no matter how disparate in appearance, stands in Sumer’s shadow. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z Several closely related developments in Europe affected how Europeans viewed the land and the Indigenous peoples. An Indigenous People’s History of the United States 2019-07-01T00:00:00Z The only real question in the minds of either side was whether Indian spiritual forces could affect Europeans, and vice versa. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z And indeed, it was when the enslaved Africans began to speak—in words and in actions—when Europeans began to see them as human, that the Age of Sugar also became the Age of Freedom. Sugar Changed the World: A Story of Magic, Spice, Slavery, Freedom, and Science 2010-11-15T00:00:00Z For her, the European trips were simply pleasure jaunts, during which her husband took the chance to catch up with old friends. The Woman All Spies Fear 2021-10-19T00:00:00Z When Europeans first flew over the highlands in the 1930s, they were astonished to see below them a landscape similar to Holland’s. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z In contrast, Europeans in North America are generally shown as being fully clothed, even in the sweltering heat of summer. An Indigenous People’s History of the United States 2019-07-01T00:00:00Z If North America had actually been an undeveloped wilderness, the European settlers could not have survived. An Indigenous People’s History of the United States 2019-07-01T00:00:00Z How could Indians descend from Europeans if they did not inherit their genetic makeup? 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z New World societies had just begun making bronze artifacts and had not yet started making iron ones at the time when the arrival of Europeans truncated the New World’s independent trajectory. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z Europeans forgot what the landscape had looked like before and why. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z Beginning with Pope Urban II, the church leadership and the European monarchies sought to bring Christianity as far East as possible and to take over Muslim-controlled trade routes in the process. An Indigenous People’s History of the United States 2019-07-01T00:00:00Z When encountered by Europeans, the Aborigines of southwestern Australia did not eat shellfish. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z “Much of Africa was being overlaid by European customs. It seemed—then—that our culture would be destroyed by the outside world. And so Resthaven was created.” The Ear, the Eye, and the Arm 1994-04-01T00:00:00Z In most European states, he went on to argue, it was probably necessary for the monarchy to remain hereditary for the foreseeable future, in order to permit a more gradual transition to full-blown republican principles. Founding Brothers: The Revolutionary Generation 2000-10-17T00:00:00Z What has happened since Europeans first encountered the land masses known as North and South America? An Indigenous People’s History of the United States 2019-07-01T00:00:00Z Because of the influence of the church in Europe, Christianity came to be identified with being European, being light-skinned. An Indigenous People’s History of the United States 2019-07-01T00:00:00Z European newspapers, letters from earlier immigrants, and advertisements from steamship companies were filled with accounts of tables groaning with food in a country where everyone could get rich. 1919 The Year That Changed America 2019-01-08T00:00:00Z "Well, mostly people of European descent. I'm not sure how it will help you navigate life in Flushing, that's for sure." You Bring the Distant Near 2017-09-12T00:00:00Z I read him when I was sixteen, and his work offered a grand theory of multi-millennial European plunder. Between the World and Me 2015-07-14T00:00:00Z In this way the shoreline groups put themselves in the position of classic middlemen, overseeing both European access to Indian products and Indian access to European products. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z Everyone understood the nature of a machine, and the experience of making and using such things had become part of the general consciousness of European man. The Invention of Science 2015-09-17T00:00:00Z It became a best-seller, was rapidly translated into other European languages, and sent a further stream of Spanish colonists to tighten Pizarro’s grip on Peru. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z I interpreted this to show that the Europeans were motivated and led by the devil, or the personification of the devil. The Autobiography of Malcolm X 1965-01-01T00:00:00Z The great European thinkers of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries were much concerned with new ideas of liberty and the refashioning of society. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z The Indians denied the visitors permission to land; refusing even to touch the Europeans, they passed goods back and forth on a rope over the water. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z Like Halley’s private life, the European world was in turmoil in the middle of the 1680s. The Scientists 2003-10-21T00:00:00Z Another is that the Indigenous populations were decimated by diseases brought by the Europeans such as smallpox and diphtheria. An Indigenous People’s History of the United States 2019-07-01T00:00:00Z American Indians became a growing impediment to white European “progress,” and during this period, the images of American Indians promoted in books, newspapers, and magazines became increasingly negative. The New Jim Crow 2010-01-05T00:00:00Z John Quincy’s network of European sources also urged enlightened procrastination. Founding Brothers: The Revolutionary Generation 2000-10-17T00:00:00Z European soccer, similarly, is organized like hockey and baseball—and the birth-date distributions in that sport are heavily skewed as well. Outliers 2008-11-18T00:00:00Z Now he was nodding as Shan said, “Europeans are just not as conservative and uptight about relationships as Americans are. In Europe the white men are thinking ‘I just want a hot woman.’ Americanah 2013-05-14T00:00:00Z Blues scales, used in blues, jazz, and other African-American traditions, grew out of a compromise between European and African scales. Understanding Basic Music Theory 2018-01-28T00:00:00Z It is essential to understand the complex interrelationships Indigenous peoples had before European invasions. An Indigenous People’s History of the United States 2019-07-01T00:00:00Z And that was before the Europeans showed up. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z Starting around 1150, the six Champagne fairs became the one place where Europeans could buy and sell products from the surrounding world—a first step in connecting them to the riches and tastes beyond. Sugar Changed the World: A Story of Magic, Spice, Slavery, Freedom, and Science 2010-11-15T00:00:00Z And they weren’t all white and European looking either—she saw African faces, Asian, Hispanic. Breadcrumbs 2011-09-27T00:00:00Z In the late fifteenth century, as European explorers sailed to unfamiliar places, their actions and beliefs were guided by the Doctrine of Discovery—the idea that European nations could claim the foreign lands they “discovered.” An Indigenous People’s History of the United States 2019-07-01T00:00:00Z Thus Pizarro’s capture of Atahuallpa illustrates the set of proximate factors that resulted in Europeans’ colonizing the New World instead of Native Americans’ colonizing Europe. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z Once Spain had thus launched the European colonization of America, other European states saw the wealth flowing into Spain, and six more joined in colonizing America. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z The leaders of the European Union recommend diplomacy. We Are the Ants 2016-01-19T00:00:00Z But we must avoid the European error; we must not suppose that, because the situation, the ways, the perceptions of black people so radically differed from those of whites, they were racially superior. The Fire Next Time 1963-01-21T00:00:00Z For one thing—as he’d been telling his wife all week—the European powers would never let the Turks enter the city. Middlesex: A Novel 2002-06-05T00:00:00Z “Once clear of the European coast,” said Buxton, “you and the scientist will be dropped to one of our submarines, which will take you aboard for return to the United States.” Bomb 2012-01-01T00:00:00Z Massasoit had considerable experience with Europeans—his father had sent Martin Pring on his way seventeen years before. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z The Mi’kmaq in New Brunswick and Nova Scotia scoffed at the notion of European superiority. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z In April and May of 1940, Hitler’s armies snapped up western European nations including Denmark, Norway, Belgium, the Netherlands, and finally, in June 1940, France. A Thousand Sisters 2019-01-22T00:00:00Z At the time of Europeans’ arrival in the 18th century, the Tongan chiefdom or state had already become an inter-archipelagal empire. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z I could read more about myself in the European, Asian, and African press. The Autobiography of Malcolm X 1965-01-01T00:00:00Z From the first moment Europeans stepped onto what came to be known as North America, they left bloody footprints wherever they went seeking land and resources. An Indigenous People’s History of the United States 2019-07-01T00:00:00Z Therefore, while Jefferson could talk with genuine conviction about American neutrality and the need to remain free of European entanglements, thereby sounding much like Washington, his version of American neutrality was decidedly different. Founding Brothers: The Revolutionary Generation 2000-10-17T00:00:00Z In facial structure and skin color, Aborigines certainly look different from Europeans, leading some late-19th century authors to consider them a missing link between apes and humans. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z NOTE: Some music traditions, such as Indian and medieval European, use modes or ragas, which are not quite the same as scales. Understanding Basic Music Theory 2018-01-28T00:00:00Z I stood up in front of the class and told them how the Quapaw smoked the peace pipe with the Europeans. The Lions of Little Rock 2012-01-01T00:00:00Z Instead of the densely wooded wilderness Europeans depicted in literature and art, the real American landscape included cornfields, berry patches, and groves of nut trees that contributed to the food supply. An Indigenous People’s History of the United States 2019-07-01T00:00:00Z You know my parents were so old-fashioned European in their ways it wasn’t funny. The Color of Water: A Black Man's Tribute to His White Mother 1995-01-01T00:00:00Z Would she be able to answer correctly should her prospective employers quiz her on, say, the capital cities of midsized European nations? The Incorrigible Children of Ashton Place: Book I: The Mysterious Howling 2011-01-25T00:00:00Z I kept an eye out for foreigners, the Europeans shopping on my SoHo street and the cleaning women who'd answer "Poland" or "El Salvador" when asked a yes-or-no question. Me Talk Pretty One Day 2000-05-02T00:00:00Z The African sense of immediate family is far different from that of the European or Westerner. Long Walk to Freedom 1994-01-01T00:00:00Z Europeans had been visiting New England for at least a century. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z The study that founded modern biology was buried in the pages of an obscure journal of an obscure scientific society, read mostly by plant breeders in a declining Central European town. The Gene 2016-06-02T00:00:00Z Europeans act more human, or humane, whichever the right word is. The Autobiography of Malcolm X 1965-01-01T00:00:00Z As the world began to slide towards a final showdown of the European empires, this kind of music increasingly reminded people of the way of life they were about to lose. The Story of Music 2012-12-25T00:00:00Z Maybe the Europeans once thought the earth was flat, but the Eskimos always knew it was round. Julie of the Wolves 1972-01-01T00:00:00Z Alarmed by Massasoit’s sudden entrance, the Europeans withdrew to the hill on the opposite bank, where they had emplaced their few cannons behind a half-finished stockade. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z The end result has been the elimination of populous Native American societies from most temperate areas suitable for European food production and physiology. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z When others took up European intellectuals’ books and histories, images of Indian freedom exerted an impact far removed in time and space from the sixteenth-century Northeast. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z It invites a search for ultimate causes: why were Europeans, rather than Africans or Native Americans, the ones to end up with guns, the nastiest germs, and steel? Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z As European nation-states descended into industrial-scale barbarism in the second half of the 1930s, musicians in these countries were placed in a difficult position. The Story of Music 2012-12-25T00:00:00Z Eurasia comprises the whole of the northern part of the European and Asiatic land-mass, from Portugal to the Bering Strait. 1984 1949-06-08T00:00:00Z The Indians’ appearance in this European city surely caused a stir. 1491 2005-10-10T00:00:00Z In the 1940s, Dobzhansky would attack these questions directly: he would eventually become one of the most strident scientific critics of Nazi eugenics, Soviet collectivization, and European racism. The Gene 2016-06-02T00:00:00Z Although Yali’s question concerned only the contrasting lifestyles of New Guineans and of European whites, it can be extended to a larger set of contrasts within the modern world. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z He wanted them to have pride in their own heritage, not to see it as a second-rate imitation of European culture. The Story of Music 2012-12-25T00:00:00Z Thus, the reason for the failure of Native Americans to domesticate North American apples by the time Europeans arrived lay neither with the people nor with the apples. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z The Eastern European immigrant in a neighborhood delicatessen speaks to me through a marinade of sounds, but I respond to his words. Hunger of Memory 1982-01-01T00:00:00Z Yet another type of explanation lists the immediate factors that enabled Europeans to kill or conquer other peoples—especially European guns, infectious diseases, steel tools, and manufactured products. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z My mother’s desk held not one, not two, but six computer monitors, which she used to track every burp and giggle of domestic, European, and Asian markets so she could trade in nanoseconds. Confessions of a Murder Suspect 2012-09-24T00:00:00Z I’m not even sure where they are in the European continent. I Can Make This Promise 2019-10-01T00:00:00Z Atahuallpa’s capture symbolizes the European conquest of the Americas, because the same mix of proximate factors that caused it was also responsible for European conquests of other Native American societies. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z Had Africa’s rhinos and hippos been domesticated and ridden, they would not only have fed armies but also have provided an unstoppable cavalry to cut through the ranks of European horsemen. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z |
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