英语词汇“Eratosthenes”造句的方法、技巧、例句及翻译-英语例句辞典

And although it is hazardous to assume any of this had formative effects on his character, it is equally an exaggeration to say that Eratosthenes grew up breathing an atmosphere of pure royalist docility. Circumference 2008-11-25T00:00:00Z

Most likely Eratosthenes would have booked passage on something far more modest. Circumference 2008-11-25T00:00:00Z

We will have occasion below to consider the effect these changes had on Eratosthenes’ own philosophy and work. Circumference 2008-11-25T00:00:00Z

Admittedly, most of these older ideas would have seemed decidedly quaint by Eratosthenes’ time. Circumference 2008-11-25T00:00:00Z

Eratosthenes’ limpid inference does conceal a few additional assumptions, and some difficulties. Circumference 2008-11-25T00:00:00Z

After Eratosthenes’ discovery, many great voyages were attempted by brave and venturesome sailors. Cosmos 1980-01-01T00:00:00Z

In Eratosthenes’ time, globes were constructed portraying the Earth as viewed from space; they were essentially correct in the well-explored Mediterranean but became more and more inaccurate the farther they strayed from home. Cosmos 1980-01-01T00:00:00Z

Indeed, as a natural scientist and a mathematician, the mature Eratosthenes represented the anti-Ariston. Circumference 2008-11-25T00:00:00Z

Eratosthenes asked himself how, at the same moment, a stick in Syene could cast no shadow and a stick in Alexandria, far to the north, could cast a pronounced shadow. Cosmos 1980-01-01T00:00:00Z

But it seems clear that in almost everything Eratosthenes was “Alpha.” Cosmos 1980-01-01T00:00:00Z

On the other hand, suppose our time traveler had persuaded Queen Isabella that Columbus’ geography was faulty, that from Eratosthenes’ estimate of the circumference of the Earth, Columbus could never reach Asia. Cosmos 1980-01-01T00:00:00Z

In 245 bce, Eratosthenes of Cyrene left Athens to take up his position as head librarian at the Museum in Alexandria. Circumference 2008-11-25T00:00:00Z

Babylonian records for the movements of the sun, moon, and planets were impressively comprehensive by Eratosthenes’ time. Circumference 2008-11-25T00:00:00Z

The broad sweep of the harbors remains, but the quays where Eratosthenes landed are now underwater. Circumference 2008-11-25T00:00:00Z

Eratosthenes must have had occasion to question Egypt’s reputation for stability during his first days in Alexandria. Circumference 2008-11-25T00:00:00Z

Columbus had been an itinerant peddler of old maps and an assiduous reader of the books by and about the ancient geographers, including Eratosthenes, Strabo and Ptolemy. Cosmos 1980-01-01T00:00:00Z

He further declared that Eratosthenes’ earth measurement was “supported by such subtle arguments that we cannot refuse our assent.” Circumference 2008-11-25T00:00:00Z

We can be sure, then, that if Eratosthenes brought any of his own books from Athens, they would have been thoroughly examined by the king’s officials. Circumference 2008-11-25T00:00:00Z

By Eratosthenes’ time, most of those who thought seriously about such questions believed in the sphericity of the earth. Circumference 2008-11-25T00:00:00Z

But for the Enterprise of the Indies to work, for ships and crews to survive the long voyage, the Earth had to be smaller than Eratosthenes had said. Cosmos 1980-01-01T00:00:00Z

In any case, as we shall see below, there is good reason to think Eratosthenes used the Egyptian unit. Circumference 2008-11-25T00:00:00Z

Eratosthenes would no doubt have first made inquiries at Athens’ port of Piraeus for passage aboard a freighter. Circumference 2008-11-25T00:00:00Z

History does not record if Eratosthenes arrived in the city with the proper eyewear. Circumference 2008-11-25T00:00:00Z

But Eratosthenes was a scientist, and his musings on these commonplaces changed the world; in a way, they made the world. Cosmos 1980-01-01T00:00:00Z

To a man in his prime such as Eratosthenes, there would have been no reason to avoid spending his time under the open sky. Circumference 2008-11-25T00:00:00Z

Geography didn’t catch up to Eratosthenes until true oceangoing ships proved his calculations directly, almost two thousand years after he was born. Circumference 2008-11-25T00:00:00Z

Despite its turbulent start, Euergetes’ reign—and Eratosthenes’ tenure as head librarian—was on a secure footing. Circumference 2008-11-25T00:00:00Z

In the footsteps of Eratosthenes, he was the first person to measure the size of another planet. Cosmos 1980-01-01T00:00:00Z

The pertinent point is worth emphasizing: though the Alexandrian Greeks such as Eratosthenes worked within the geographical confines of Egypt, they were not drawing from some deep well of native wisdom. Circumference 2008-11-25T00:00:00Z

Indeed, Athens’ most important exports to Ptolemy’s kingdom would not have been her signature products, such as wine, honey, and olive oil, or even books for the Great Library, but intellectuals like Eratosthenes himself. Circumference 2008-11-25T00:00:00Z

Eratosthenes was a foreigner in Egypt, appointed as only the third head librarian since the founding of the Museum in Alexandria. Circumference 2008-11-25T00:00:00Z

We find evidence for similar bitterness in the archive of the Greek magistrate Diophanes, who presided over the Arsinoite nome in middle Egypt toward the end of Eratosthenes’ lifetime in the late third century. Circumference 2008-11-25T00:00:00Z

In residence there for at least sixteen years, Eratosthenes worked his way into the educational establishment, building the reputation that would earn him an invitation to Egypt. Circumference 2008-11-25T00:00:00Z

Comparing Plato’s Athens to Eratosthenes’ Alexandria is not to compare gold to silver, but apples to oranges. Circumference 2008-11-25T00:00:00Z

Eratosthenes says that if the extent of the Atlantic Ocean were not an obstacle, we might easily pass by sea from Iberia to India.... Cosmos 1980-01-01T00:00:00Z

One of the key assumptions of Eratosthenes’ measurement of the earth’s circumference—that the planet is spherical—would have been reinforced in his mind even before he set foot on Egyptian soil. Circumference 2008-11-25T00:00:00Z

Eratosthenes knew that the distance between Alexandria and Syene was approximately 800 kilometers, because he hired a man to pace it out. Cosmos 1980-01-01T00:00:00Z

That Eratosthenes was the architect of Euergetes’ proposed calendar—and indirectly of ours as well—is not a proven fact. Circumference 2008-11-25T00:00:00Z

Eratosthenes’ only tools were sticks, eyes, feet and brains, plus a taste for experiment. Cosmos 1980-01-01T00:00:00Z

In some cases, we will find that Eratosthenes was prescient in his thinking; in others, that he was sloppy or mistaken, but that his errors had the fortuitous effect of canceling each other out. Circumference 2008-11-25T00:00:00Z

Eratosthenes, in a lost work quoted by the Roman-era geographer Strabo, wrote that of the kingdom of the pharaohs “there was a common saying: ‘The way to Egypt is long and vexatious.’.. Circumference 2008-11-25T00:00:00Z

One of his envious contemporaries called him “Beta,” the second letter of the Greek alphabet, because, he said, Eratosthenes was second best in the world in everything. Cosmos 1980-01-01T00:00:00Z

Four hundred years before Eratosthenes, Africa had been circumnavigated by a Phoenician fleet in the employ of the Egyptian Pharaoh Necho. Cosmos 1980-01-01T00:00:00Z

We’d love a peek at the Ephemerides, the official war diary of the Macedonian army’s campaign through Persia, and basis for much of Eratosthenes’ eastern geography. Circumference 2008-11-25T00:00:00Z

In 224, when Eratosthenes was head librarian, Ptolemy III Euergetes made an enormous donation to the people of Rhodes after an earthquake. Circumference 2008-11-25T00:00:00Z

Of Eratosthenes’ parentage and early life, our sources are almost silent. Circumference 2008-11-25T00:00:00Z

By the third century bce, Eratosthenes was heir to a rich heritage of possible universes. Circumference 2008-11-25T00:00:00Z

A few facts are relevant to Eratosthenes’ story, however. Circumference 2008-11-25T00:00:00Z

What a pleasure such a view would have given to Eratosthenes and the other Alexandrian geographers. Cosmos 1980-01-01T00:00:00Z

After Eratosthenes, some may have tried, but not until the time of Magellan did anyone succeed in circumnavigating the Earth. Cosmos 1980-01-01T00:00:00Z

Columbus’ first voyage is connected in the most straightforward way with the calculations of Eratosthenes. Cosmos 1980-01-01T00:00:00Z

I wanted to come to Alexandria as Eratosthenes had in 245. Circumference 2008-11-25T00:00:00Z

The results were amazing: Eratosthenes accurately calculated the size of the Earth, mapped it, and argued that India could be reached by sailing westward from Spain. Cosmos 1980-01-01T00:00:00Z

He made the “philosopher’s run” to Alexandria around 297, just as Eratosthenes later would. Circumference 2008-11-25T00:00:00Z

It is tempting to assume, therefore, that Eratosthenes rose from humble origins. Circumference 2008-11-25T00:00:00Z

The most pedantic difficulty—and the one that has undoubtedly spilled the most scholarly ink—is the question of which version of the stade Eratosthenes used in his work. Circumference 2008-11-25T00:00:00Z

Eratosthenes had the presence of mind to do an experiment, actually to observe whether in Alexandria vertical sticks cast shadows near noon on June 21. Cosmos 1980-01-01T00:00:00Z

The major intellectual pursuit of his last years was a concordance and calibration of the chronologies of ancient civilizations, very much in the tradition of the ancient historians Manetho, Strabo and Eratosthenes. Cosmos 1980-01-01T00:00:00Z

With whole regions of the country’s interior seemingly on the edge of revolt throughout Ptolemaic history, it is likely that Greekspeaking travelers faced similar risks in Eratosthenes’ time. Circumference 2008-11-25T00:00:00Z

For instance, we know about the measurement of the Earth’s circumference by Eratosthenes around 240BC not from his own writings, which are lost, but from the commentary of Cleomedes, writing several centuries later. Recommended Science Books For Non-Scientists 2015-04-06T04:00:00Z

He will tell you not only how Eratosthenes worked but that his flat map of the world made the overall landmass look like an elongated skull. Books of The Times: ‘On the Map’ by Simon Garfield 2012-12-18T23:14:13Z

Hellenistic astronomers also refined the calculations associated with the size of the Earth; one astronomer named Eratosthenes calculated the circumference of the Earth that was only off by 200 miles. Western Civilization: A Concise History 2020-01-01T00:00:00Z

It is not possible to evaluate precisely the accuracy of Eratosthenes solution because there is doubt about which of the various kinds of Greek stadia he used as his unit of distance. Astronomy 2016-10-13T00:00:00Z

As well as a highly regarded astronomer and mathematician, Eratosthenes also was a poet and historian. World History: Patterns of Interaction 2012-01-01T00:00:00Z

So did Pythagoras, Archimedes and later, in 240BC, the astronomer Eratosthenes, who was among the first to estimate the Earth’s circumference. Is the Earth flat? Meet the people questioning science 2018-05-27T04:00:00Z

Just as a chess player might examine variations of the Ruy Lopez and King’s Indian Defense, a mathematician might study particularly clever applications of the Chinese remainder theorem or the sieve of Eratosthenes. The Singular Mind of Terry Tao 2015-07-24T04:00:00Z

Zhang used a very complicated form of a simple device for finding primes called a sieve, invented by a Greek named Eratosthenes, a contemporary of Archimedes. Solving an Unsolvable Math Problem 2015-01-26T05:00:00Z

Eratosthenes reasoned that the curvature of the round Earth meant that “straight up” was not the same in the two cities. Astronomy 2016-10-13T00:00:00Z

Ditto for a student able to show that she knows prime numbers by completing Eratosthenes Sieve. The mistake policymakers make about teaching 2012-05-29T08:00:00Z

On a photograph of a part of the moon’s surface near the crater Eratosthenes, Prof. William H. Pickering finds markings which very much resemble the so-called “canals” of Mars. Astronomical Curiosities Facts and Fallacies 2012-03-27T02:00:18Z

The Alexandrian Eratosthenes placed chronology upon the scientific basis of astronomy, and Apollodorus drew up the most important chronica of antiquity. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 13, Slice 5 "Hinduism" to "Home, Earls of" 2012-03-25T02:00:05.717Z

Geometry had been born and Eratosthenes had indeed measured the size of the earth. Astronomy: The Science of the Heavenly Bodies 2012-03-17T02:01:02.630Z

Eratosthenes measured the size of Earth by observing the angle at which the Sun’s rays hit our planet’s surface. Astronomy 2016-10-13T00:00:00Z

Through the trade connection of Alexandria Eratosthenes obtained better information on these districts, and was enabled to mention the tribes who possessed the south. The History of Antiquity, Vol. I (of VI) 2012-01-28T03:00:28.213Z

He is now applying for permits to return to Eratosthenes to search for shipwrecks next year. Underwater archaeology: Hunt for the ancient mariner 2012-01-25T18:50:24.357Z

The dates in Eusebius are derived from Apollodorus, who in turn draws from Eratosthenes. The History of Antiquity Vol. VI. (vol. VI. of VI.) 2011-12-15T03:00:18.317Z

Chronology was treated scientifically by Eratosthenes, and was combined with history by Manetho in his chronicles of Egypt, and by Berossus in his chronicles of Chaldaea. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 12, Slice 5 "Greek Law" to "Ground-Squirrel" 2011-12-05T03:00:51.527Z

Eratosthenes measured the size of Earth with surprising precision. Astronomy 2016-10-13T00:00:00Z

This compilation of Eratosthenes contained the names and reigns of thirty-eight kings of Thebes. The History of Antiquity, Vol. I (of VI) 2012-01-28T03:00:28.213Z

Last year, Ballard investigated the Eratosthenes seamount, a 700-metre-deep tabletop south of Cyprus, and says it does indeed seem to represent a relic surface. Underwater archaeology: Hunt for the ancient mariner 2012-01-25T18:50:24.357Z

Eratosthenes lived about 200 B.C., and Posidonius about 100 years later. De Re Metallica, Translated from the First Latin Edition of 1556 2011-11-16T03:00:21.977Z

From the time of Eratosthenes and Aristotle, Greek thinkers and scholars who lived several hundreds of years before the birth of Christ had known that the earth was round, and Columbus believed this fact too. Great Inventions and Discoveries 2011-10-01T02:00:30.900Z

Suppose Eratosthenes’ results for Earth’s circumference were quite accurate. Astronomy 2016-10-13T00:00:00Z

As early as the time of Eratosthenes the Egyptians assisted the researches of the Greeks. The History of Antiquity, Vol. I (of VI) 2012-01-28T03:00:28.213Z

His geography was based more immediately on the work of his predecessor, Marinus of Tyre, and on that of Hipparchus, the follower and critic of Eratosthenes. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 11, Slice 6 "Geodesy" to "Geometry" 2011-09-19T02:00:10.473Z

Eratosthenes describes it as follows:—The liquid asphaltus, which is called naphtha, is found in Susa; the dry kind, which can be made solid, in Babylonia. De Re Metallica, Translated from the First Latin Edition of 1556 2011-11-16T03:00:21.977Z

And Eratosthenes says, in the first book of his Catalogue of the Victors at Olympia, that the Etruscans used to box to the music of the flute. The Deipnosophists, or Banquet of the Learned of Athen?us 2011-08-02T02:00:21.843Z

So the legend ran in a Hesiodic poem, according to the extract in Eratosthenes.** Myth, Ritual And Religion, Vol. 2 (of 2) 2011-07-22T02:00:19.110Z

Still greater discrepancies appear if we compare the list of Eratosthenes with the names and numbers handed down to us from Manetho's work. The History of Antiquity, Vol. I (of VI) 2012-01-28T03:00:28.213Z

Herodotus, Eratosthenes, Strato and Strabo noted the vast quantities of fossil shells in different parts of Egypt, together with beds of salt, as evidence that the sea had once spread over the country. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 11, Slice 6 "Geodesy" to "Geometry" 2011-09-19T02:00:10.473Z

The earliest attempt at this was made by Eratosthenes, 246 years before our era, and it was founded on the following reasoning. Astronomical Myths Based on Flammarions's History of the Heavens 2011-06-24T02:00:15.873Z

According to its heading the problem was communicated by Archimedes to the mathematicians at Alexandria in a letter to Eratosthenes; and a scholium to Plato’s Charmides speaks of the problem “called by Archimedes the Cattle-Problem”. Archimedes Men of Science 2011-03-13T03:00:23.660Z

Europe was regarded by Eratosthenes as including all that was then known of northern Asia. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 9, Slice 8 "Ethiopia" to "Evangelical Association" 2011-03-05T03:00:24.537Z

Nevertheless the names of the first three or four rulers in Eratosthenes agree with those in Manetho. The History of Antiquity, Vol. I (of VI) 2012-01-28T03:00:28.213Z

Eratosthenes was one of the most learned men of antiquity, and wrote on a great number of subjects. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 9, Slice 7 "Equation" to "Ethics" 2011-02-27T03:00:31.973Z

The period from Eratosthenes to Picard has been called the spherical era of geodesy; the period from Picard to the end of the 19th century has been called the ellipsoidal period. Development of Gravity Pendulums in the 19th Century Contributions from the Museum of History and Technology, Papers 34-44 On Science and Technology, Smithsonian Institution, 1966 2011-01-22T03:00:16.753Z

It would appear that it was in the effort to solve this problem that Men�chmus discovered the conic sections, which are called, in an epigram by Eratosthenes, “the triads of Men�chmus”. Archimedes Men of Science 2011-03-13T03:00:23.660Z

Archimedes himself stated in a dedication of the work to Eratosthenes the method employed in this. Education: How Old The New 2011-01-14T03:00:54.370Z

The last name in Eratosthenes nearly corresponds to the name of the king, in Manetho, under whom the invasion of the Hyksos took place. The History of Antiquity, Vol. I (of VI) 2012-01-28T03:00:28.213Z

The still extant Catasterismi, containing the story of certain stars in prose, is probably not by Eratosthenes. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 9, Slice 7 "Equation" to "Ethics" 2011-02-27T03:00:31.973Z

Determination of the figure of the earth consisted in the measurement of the radius by the astronomical-geodetic method invented by Eratosthenes. Development of Gravity Pendulums in the 19th Century Contributions from the Museum of History and Technology, Papers 34-44 On Science and Technology, Smithsonian Institution, 1966 2011-01-22T03:00:16.753Z

Syene was one of the bases used by Eratosthenes in his calculations for the measurement of the earth. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 2, Slice 7 "Arundel, Thomas" to "Athens"

Lessing in 1773, which purports to have been sent by Archimedes to the mathematicians at Alexandria in a letter to Eratosthenes. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 2, Slice 4 "Aram, Eugene" to "Arcueil"

A second path, which has lately been struck out for the reduction of Manetho's dynasties, is based upon the list of Eratosthenes. The History of Antiquity, Vol. I (of VI) 2012-01-28T03:00:28.213Z

Eratosthenes was the founder of scientific chronology in his χρονογραφία in which he endeavoured to fix the dates of the chief literary and political events from the conquest of Troy. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 9, Slice 7 "Equation" to "Ethics" 2011-02-27T03:00:31.973Z

The Alexandrian scientist Eratosthenes made the first estimate of the diameter and circumference of a supposedly spherical earth by an astronomical-geodetic method. Development of Gravity Pendulums in the 19th Century Contributions from the Museum of History and Technology, Papers 34-44 On Science and Technology, Smithsonian Institution, 1966 2011-01-22T03:00:16.753Z

The calculation of Eratosthenes is simply wrong, and so we can afford to forget it. A Critical History of Greek Philosophy

Under him was the librarian, an office sometimes held by men whose names have descended to our times, as Eratosthenes and Apollonius Rhodius. Bible Myths and their Parallels in other Religions Being a Comparison of the Old and New Testament Myths and Miracles with those of the Heathen Nations of Antiquity Considering also their Origin and Meaning

It is assumed that only the names quoted in Eratosthenes are the names of real monarchs, and that we must look for similar names in the list of Manetho. The History of Antiquity, Vol. I (of VI) 2012-01-28T03:00:28.213Z

The first four librarians were Zenodotus, Eratosthenes, Aristophanes of Byzantium, and Aristarchus. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 6, Slice 4 "Cincinnatus" to "Cleruchy"

In Alexandria, itself a monument of engineering and architectural skill, soon were to be found men whose names were destined for The great men it produced. futurity—Apollonius, Eratosthenes, Manetho. History of the Intellectual Development of Europe, Volume I (of 2) Revised Edition

He also seems to have devised the method of denoting the position of a place by means of two co-ordinates, the method soon after developed by Eratosthenes into Latitude and Longitude. Five Stages of Greek Religion

The shadows cast by Eratosthenes at sunrise are magnificent. Pleasures of the telescope An Illustrated Guide for Amateur Astronomers and a Popular Description of the Chief Wonders of the Heavens for General Readers

In the list of kings in Eratosthenes, the fourteenth successor of Menes is Saophis; Eratosthenes allows him a reign of twenty-nine years. The History of Antiquity, Vol. I (of VI) 2012-01-28T03:00:28.213Z

Here he counted among his pupils Apollonius Rhodius, author of the 'Argonautica,' and Eratosthenes, famous for his wisdom in science, who knew geography and geometry so well that he measured the circumference of the earth. Library of the World's Best Literature, Ancient and Modern, Vol. 7

I shall here pause to make a few remarks suggested by the chronological and astronomical works of Eratosthenes. History of the Intellectual Development of Europe, Volume I (of 2) Revised Edition

There were exceptions, of course: Democritus, Eratosthenes, Hippocrates, and to a great extent Aristotle. Five Stages of Greek Religion

This range curves round towards the east, and finishes with a fine ring-plain called Eratosthenes—some thirty-seven miles in diameter, with a floor depressed 8000 feet below the lunar surface. To Mars via The Moon An Astronomical Story

Eratosthenes.—This profound crater, upwards of 37 miles in diameter, lies at the end of the gigantic range of the Apennines. The Story of the Heavens

The old Homeric notion of an ocean encompassing the terrestrial world, although mentioned with doubt by Views of Eratosthenes, B. C. 276-196. The Discovery of America Vol. 1 (of 2) with some account of Ancient America and the Spanish Conquest

Alas! no one of the ferocious bigots knew that with these Eratosthenes had in the old times measured the size of the earth, and Timocharis had determined the motions of the planet Venus. History of the Intellectual Development of Europe, Volume I (of 2) Revised Edition

In like manner he disbelieves poor Pytheas and his accounts of the land of Ultima Thule and his marvellous walks through Britain, while he clings to the writings of Eratosthenes. A Book of Discovery The History of the World's Exploration, From the Earliest Times to the Finding of the South Pole

The Platonicus of Eratosthenes evidently dealt with the fundamental notions of mathematics in connexion with Plato’s philosophy, and seems to have begun with the story of the origin of the duplication problem. The Legacy of Greece Essays By: Gilbert Murray, W. R. Inge, J. Burnet, Sir T. L. Heath, D'arcy W. Thompson, Charles Singer, R. W. Livingston, A. Toynbee, A. E. Zimmern, Percy Gardner, Sir Reginald Blomfield

Not improbably, Eratosthenes once formed the volcanic vent for the stupendous forces that elevated the comparatively craterless peaks of these great mountains. The Story of the Heavens

His general conception of the earth was substantially that of Eratosthenes. The Discovery of America Vol. 1 (of 2) with some account of Ancient America and the Spanish Conquest

During the Middle Ages the Ptolemaic theory was in the ascendant; but the observations of thirteenth-century travelers gave powerful support to the ideas of Eratosthenes. Beginnings of the American People

Some said it was forty thousand miles round, but Eratosthenes was not content with guessing. A Book of Discovery The History of the World's Exploration, From the Earliest Times to the Finding of the South Pole

The most famous achievement of Eratosthenes was his measurement of the earth. The Legacy of Greece Essays By: Gilbert Murray, W. R. Inge, J. Burnet, Sir T. L. Heath, D'arcy W. Thompson, Charles Singer, R. W. Livingston, A. Toynbee, A. E. Zimmern, Percy Gardner, Sir Reginald Blomfield

Some people do indeed say that Eratosthenes could not have inferred the true measure of the earth. The Ten Books on Architecture

A. D. 150. followed the opinion of Hipparchus, and carried to an extreme the reaction against Eratosthenes. The Discovery of America Vol. 1 (of 2) with some account of Ancient America and the Spanish Conquest

Eratosthenes, accepting the spherical theory, had advanced the identical notion which nearly seventeen hundred years later impelled Columbus to his voyage. Amerigo Vespucci

A library was started, and a Greek, Eratosthenes, held the post of librarian at Alexandria for forty years, namely, from 240-196 B.C. A Book of Discovery The History of the World's Exploration, From the Earliest Times to the Finding of the South Pole

Isis, the same as Ceres, was, as we learn from Eratosthenes, the Constellation Virgo, represented by a woman holding an ear of wheat. Morals and Dogma of the Ancient and Accepted Scottish Rite of Freemasonry

His chief predecessors, Eratosthenes and Strabo, had left much blank space in their charts, and had made many mistakes in detail, but they had caught the main features of the Old World with fair accuracy. Prince Henry the Navigator, the Hero of Portugal and of Modern Discovery, 1394-1460 A.D. With an Account of Geographical Progress Throughout the Middle Ages As the Preparation for His Work.

In the unvisited regions on all sides of the known world Eratosthenes imagined vast oceans, Ptolemy imagined vast deserts or impenetrable swamps. The Discovery of America Vol. 1 (of 2) with some account of Ancient America and the Spanish Conquest

But others who, with Eratosthenes and Apollodorus, compute the time by the succession of the Spartan kings, place him much earlier than the first Olympiad. Ideal Commonwealths

Eratosthenes I and X. Two isolated mountains N. of this formation, in N. lat. The Moon A Full Description and Map of its Principal Physical Features

The fifth full Moon occurred in Virgo, the true image of Isis, and which Eratosthenes calls by that name. Morals and Dogma of the Ancient and Accepted Scottish Rite of Freemasonry

At about half past one, looking to their right on the west, they saw the summits of another mountain; Barbican, consulting his map, recognized Eratosthenes. All Around the Moon

Others supputing the times by the Kings of Laced�mon, as Eratosthenes and Apollodorus, affirm that he was not a few years older than the first Olympiad. The Chronology of Ancient Kingdoms Amended To which is Prefix'd, A Short Chronicle from the First Memory of Things in Europe, to the Conquest of Persia by Alexander the Great

Cyrene—A country west of Egypt, and the birthplace of Callimachus the poet, Eratosthenes the historian, and Simon who bore the Saviour's cross. History of the Negro Race in America From 1619 to 1880. Vol 1 Negroes as Slaves, as Soldiers, and as Citizens

It is most prominent on the W., where it apparently consists of a S. extension of the Eratosthenes mountain-arm, and is associated with a number of little craters and pits. The Moon A Full Description and Map of its Principal Physical Features

The defect in the writer of the Lettres Persanes is in his knowledge of Persia, not of Paris and London: Eratosthenes, as we remember, was born in Cyrene and worked in Alexandria. The Unity of Civilization

The contradictions are so great, and the modes of reconciling Manetho, Herodotus, Diodorus, Eratosthenes, and the monuments are so inadequate, that we must regard the whole question of the duration of the monarchy as unsettled. Ten Great Religions An Essay in Comparative Theology

Eratosthenes wrote above an hundred years after the death of Alexander the great: He was followed by Apollodorus; and these two have been followed ever since by Chronologers. The Chronology of Ancient Kingdoms Amended To which is Prefix'd, A Short Chronicle from the First Memory of Things in Europe, to the Conquest of Persia by Alexander the Great

As the actual circumference is 24,899 English miles, this was a very near approximation, considering the rough means Eratosthenes had at his disposal. The Story of Geographical Discovery How the World Became Known

There are, however, two sections of the crest of the border on the N.E. which are inflected slightly towards the centre, a peculiarity already noticed in the case of Eratosthenes. The Moon A Full Description and Map of its Principal Physical Features

This we are told by Eratosthenes the historian. Plutarch's Lives Volume III.

Eratosthenes observed, that at the time of the summer solstice this well was completely illuminated by the sun, and hence he inferred that the sun was, at that time, in the zenith of this place. A General History and Collection of Voyages and Travels - Volume 18 Historical Sketch of the Progress of Discovery, Navigation, and Commerce, from the Earliest Records to the Beginning of the Nineteenth Century, By William Stevenson

Others supputing the times by the succession of the Kings of the Laced�monians, as Eratosthenes and Apollodorus, affirm that he was not a few years older than the first Olympiad. The Chronology of Ancient Kingdoms Amended To which is Prefix'd, A Short Chronicle from the First Memory of Things in Europe, to the Conquest of Persia by Alexander the Great

Having thus estimated the size of the earth, Eratosthenes then went on to determine the size of that portion which the ancients considered to be habitable. The Story of Geographical Discovery How the World Became Known

Eratosthenes soon disappeared from the horizon without the projectile having been sufficiently near it to allow a rigorous observation. The Moon-Voyage

The historian Eratosthenes informs us that when Alexander was about to set out on his great expedition, Olympias told him the secret of his birth, and bade him act worthily of his divine parentage. Plutarch's Lives Volume III.

As the interval between Eratosthenes and Plutarch was only about 512 years, Bishop Morsley has very naturally expressed his doubts of the accuracy of Plutarch's assertion. A General History and Collection of Voyages and Travels - Volume 18 Historical Sketch of the Progress of Discovery, Navigation, and Commerce, from the Earliest Records to the Beginning of the Nineteenth Century, By William Stevenson

Eratosthenes wrote about an hundred years after the death of Alexander the great: He was followed by Apollodorus, and these two have been followed ever since by Chronologers. The Chronology of Ancient Kingdoms Amended To which is Prefix'd, A Short Chronicle from the First Memory of Things in Europe, to the Conquest of Persia by Alexander the Great

He introduced from the extra knowledge thus obtained many modifications of the system of Eratosthenes, but, on the whole, kept to his general conception of the Page 30 world. The Story of Geographical Discovery How the World Became Known

Soon Eratosthenes disappeared under the horizon without the projectile being sufficiently near to allow close observation. From the Earth to the Moon; and, Round the Moon

But Eratosthenes and Apollodorus and other chronologers, computing the time by the successions of the Spartan kings, pretend to demonstrate that he was much more ancient than the institution of the Olympic games. Plutarch: Lives of the noble Grecians and Romans

Strabo informs us, that Eratosthenes constructed a map of the world; but he does not give such particulars as will enable us to trace the extent of his geographical knowledge. A General History and Collection of Voyages and Travels - Volume 18 Historical Sketch of the Progress of Discovery, Navigation, and Commerce, from the Earliest Records to the Beginning of the Nineteenth Century, By William Stevenson

He measured the obliquity of the ecliptic, and agreed with Eratosthenes. History of Astronomy

The ancients, as we have seen, had recognised the rotundity of the earth, and Eratosthenes had even recognised the possibility of reaching India by sailing westward. The Story of Geographical Discovery How the World Became Known

Eratosthenes was not only prominent in the science of chronology, but was also the founder of astronomical geography, and the author of many valuable works in various branches of philosophy. Handbook of Universal Literature From the Best and Latest Authorities

And Eratosthenes also says that he kept the poison in a hollow ring, and that that ring was the bracelet which he wore about his arm. Plutarch: Lives of the noble Grecians and Romans

The same observation will not apply to Agatharcides, who was president of the library after Eratosthenes. A General History and Collection of Voyages and Travels - Volume 18 Historical Sketch of the Progress of Discovery, Navigation, and Commerce, from the Earliest Records to the Beginning of the Nineteenth Century, By William Stevenson

All this new knowledge of East and West was soon gathered together by Eratosthenes, the learned librarian of Alexandria. Early European History

Not the least interesting of the passages in the manuscript is the first line, the greeting to Eratosthenes. Geometrical Solutions Derived from Mechanics; a Treatise of Archimedes

Mathematics were splendidly represented by Euclid and Archimedes, Geography by Eratosthenes, Astronomy by Hipparchus; for these men, though not all residents in Alexandria, all gained their principles and method from study within her walls. The History of Roman Literature From the earliest period to the death of Marcus Aurelius

For, in fact, the orations which were spoken by him had much more of boldness and confidence in them than those that he wrote, if we may believe Eratosthenes, Demetrius the Phalerian, and the Comedians. Plutarch: Lives of the noble Grecians and Romans

We are also indebted to Eratosthenes for the first regular parallel of latitude, and also for tracing a meridian. A General History and Collection of Voyages and Travels - Volume 18 Historical Sketch of the Progress of Discovery, Navigation, and Commerce, from the Earliest Records to the Beginning of the Nineteenth Century, By William Stevenson

Eratosthenes by careful measurements came within a few thousand miles of its actual circumference. Early European History

Posidonius calculated the circumference of the earth to be two hundred and forty thousand stadia, by a different method from Eratosthenes. Beacon Lights of History, Volume 03 Ancient Achievements

Eratosthenes took an extreme view in seeking pleasure alone. Rhetoric and Poetry in the Renaissance A Study of Rhetorical Terms in English Renaissance Literary Criticism

And let no one think that I am accusing Theramenes while Eratosthenes is on trial. The Orations of Lysias

The exact time at which he flourished is not known: according to Blair, he was contemporary with Eratosthenes, though younger than him, and flourished 177 A.C., A General History and Collection of Voyages and Travels - Volume 18 Historical Sketch of the Progress of Discovery, Navigation, and Commerce, from the Earliest Records to the Beginning of the Nineteenth Century, By William Stevenson

Having estimated the size of the earth, Eratosthenes went on to determine how large was its habitable area. Early European History

It is probable he was much indebted to Eratosthenes, who preceded him by three centuries. Beacon Lights of History, Volume 03 Ancient Achievements

Eratosthenes says that the poet directs his whole attention to the amusement of the mind, and not at all to its instruction. Rhetoric and Poetry in the Renaissance A Study of Rhetorical Terms in English Renaissance Literary Criticism

Eratosthenes, Archimedes, and Hipparchus were geniuses worthy to be placed by the side of Kepler, Newton, and La Place. The Old Roman World, : the Grandeur and Failure of Its Civilization.

Ptolemy supposes this to have been the Thule of Pytheas, Pliny places it within three degrees of the pole, Eratosthenes under the polar circle. A General History and Collection of Voyages and Travels - Volume 18 Historical Sketch of the Progress of Discovery, Navigation, and Commerce, from the Earliest Records to the Beginning of the Nineteenth Century, By William Stevenson

The next two centuries after Eratosthenes saw the spread of Roman rule over Greeks and Carthaginians in the Mediterranean and over the barbarous inhabitants of Gaul, Britain, and Germany. Early European History

Eratosthenes, Archimedes, and Hipparchus were geniuses worthy to be placed by the side of Kepler, Newton, and La Place, and all ages will reverence their efforts and their memory. Beacon Lights of History, Volume 03 Ancient Achievements

Eratosthenes cast everything he wished to teach into poetry. Moonbeams from the Larger Lunacy

Posidonius calculated the circumference of the earth to be two hundred and forty thousand stadia by a different method from Eratosthenes. The Old Roman World, : the Grandeur and Failure of Its Civilization.

It is mentioned, and a short description given of it, by Onesicritus and Eratosthenes. A General History and Collection of Voyages and Travels - Volume 18 Historical Sketch of the Progress of Discovery, Navigation, and Commerce, from the Earliest Records to the Beginning of the Nineteenth Century, By William Stevenson

Eratosthenes, that the sun is remote from the earth seven hundred and eighteen thousand furlongs. Complete Works of Plutarch — Volume 3: Essays and Miscellanies

Probably many of the tales in Eratosthenes are late fictions consciously moulded on traditional data. Myth, Ritual and Religion — Volume 1

Eratosthenes disproves it: for he produces some plays exhibited by him after that date. Letters of Marcus Tullius Cicero

When Eratosthenes began his labors, it was known that the surface of the earth was spherical. The Old Roman World, : the Grandeur and Failure of Its Civilization.

And Eratosthenes also says that he kept the poison in a hollow ring, which he wore about his arm. The Boys' and Girls' Plutarch being parts of the "Lives" of Plutarch, edited for boys and girls

The sages Eratosthenes, Hipparchus and Ptolemy amplified the teaching. The Path of the King

For Greek examples, Hesiod, Ovid, and the Catasterismoi, attributed to Eratosthenes, are useful authorities. Myth, Ritual and Religion — Volume 1

Another evidence of practicality was shown in the Arabian method of attempting to advance upon Eratosthenes' measurement of the earth. A History of Science — Volume 2

He starved himself to death, being tired of life, like Eratosthenes, more properly an astronomer, and the most distinguished among the ancients, born about 160 B.C., although none of his writings have reached us. The Old Roman World, : the Grandeur and Failure of Its Civilization.

And now there was the experiment of Eratosthenes to give the length of that radius in precise terms. A History of Science — Volume 1

Four names at once attract us: Euclid, Aristarchus, Eratosthenes, Hipparchus. Alexandria and Her Schools; four lectures delivered at the Philosophical Institution, Edinburgh

But Eratosthenes executed one between Syene and Alexandria, in Egypt, Syene being supposed to be exactly under the tropic of Cancer. History of the Conflict Between Religion and Science

Like the measurements of Aristarchus and Eratosthenes, this calculation of Alhazen is simple enough in theory. A History of Science — Volume 2

It is probable he is much indebted to Eratosthenes, who preceded him by three centuries, and who was the first systematic writer on geography. The Old Roman World, : the Grandeur and Failure of Its Civilization.

Nearly all the discoveries of Eratosthenes are associated with observations of the shadows cast by the sun. A History of Science — Volume 1

Eratosthenes had heard that in Syene, in Upper Egypt, deep wells were enlightened to the bottom on the day of the summer solstice, and that vertical objects cast no shadows. Alexandria and Her Schools; four lectures delivered at the Philosophical Institution, Edinburgh

Under him was the librarian, an office sometimes held by men whose names have descended to our times, as Eratosthenes, and Apollonius Rhodius. History of the Conflict Between Religion and Science

Here, perhaps, the reference is to Eratosthenes, whose measurement of the earth we shall have occasion to revert to in a moment. A History of Science — Volume 1

What perhaps is deserving of more attention is the fact that this epoch-making measurement of Eratosthenes may not have been the first one to be made. A History of Science — Volume 1

Much more striking, at least in its appeal to the popular imagination, was that other great feat which Eratosthenes performed with the aid of his perfected gnomon—the measurement of the earth itself. A History of Science — Volume 1

One other great merit of Eratosthenes is, that he first raised Geography to the rank of a science. Alexandria and Her Schools; four lectures delivered at the Philosophical Institution, Edinburgh

Eratosthenes, who at one time had charge of the library, was the author of many important works. History of the Conflict Between Religion and Science

It was Hipparchus whose somewhat equivocal comment on the work of Eratosthenes we have already noted. A History of Science — Volume 1

But so little is known regarding the way in which Eudoxus reached his estimate that the measurement of Eratosthenes is usually spoken of as if it were the first effort of the kind. A History of Science — Volume 1

Moreover, it is doubtful whether Eratosthenes made allowance, as he should have done, for the semi-diameter of the sun in measuring the angle of the shadow. A History of Science — Volume 1

But if Eratosthenes had hold of eternal fact and law on one point, there was a contemporary who had hold of it in more than one. Alexandria and Her Schools; four lectures delivered at the Philosophical Institution, Edinburgh

Hipparchus had the gnomon of Eratosthenes—doubtless in a perfected form—to aid him, and he soon proved himself a master in its use. A History of Science — Volume 1

Stated in a few words, the experiment of Eratosthenes was this. A History of Science — Volume 1

These, then, were the preliminary data required by Eratosthenes. A History of Science — Volume 1

We are chiefly concerned with his comment upon his more recent predecessors, beginning with Eratosthenes. A History of Science — Volume 1

It is believed that Eratosthenes invented an important modification of the gnomon which was elaborated afterwards by Hipparchus and called an armillary sphere. A History of Science — Volume 1

Yet the method of Eratosthenes, like many another enigma, seems simple enough once it is explained. A History of Science — Volume 1

The way in which Eratosthenes measured this angle was very simple. A History of Science — Volume 1

Unfortunately, we do not know which one of the various measurements used in antiquity is represented by the stadia of Eratosthenes. A History of Science — Volume 1

It must not be supposed, however, that the experiment in question was quite new with Eratosthenes. A History of Science — Volume 1

This worthy supplementor of the work of Aristarchus was Eratosthenes of Alexandria. A History of Science — Volume 1

What Eratosthenes really did was to approach both astronomy and geography from two seemingly divergent points of attack—namely, from the stand-point of the geometer and also from that of the poet. A History of Science — Volume 1

In point of versatility we shall perhaps hardly find his equal at a later day—unless, indeed, an exception be made of Eratosthenes. A History of Science — Volume 1

Now, Eratosthenes knew, as just stated, that the sun, when on the meridian on the day of the summer solstice, was directly over the town of Syene. A History of Science — Volume 1

With the aid of this implement, Eratosthenes carefully noted the longest and the shortest shadows cast by the gnomon—that is to say, the shadows cast on the days of the solstices. A History of Science — Volume 1

Elsewhere Strabo criticises Eratosthenes for having entered into a long discussion as to the form of the earth. A History of Science — Volume 1

As to the size of the globe, Strabo is disposed to accept without particular comment the measurements of Eratosthenes. A History of Science — Volume 1

If Eratosthenes had a precursor as an earth-measurer, no hint or rumor has come down to us that would enable us to guess who that precursor may have been. A History of Science — Volume 1

Here again Hipparchus was not altogether an innovator, since a chart showing the brightest stars had been made by Eratosthenes; but the new charts were much elaborated. A History of Science — Volume 1

单词	Eratosthenes
例句	Eratosthenes And although it is hazardous to assume any of this had formative effects on his character, it is equally an exaggeration to say that Eratosthenes grew up breathing an atmosphere of pure royalist docility. Circumference 2008-11-25T00:00:00Z Most likely Eratosthenes would have booked passage on something far more modest. Circumference 2008-11-25T00:00:00Z We will have occasion below to consider the effect these changes had on Eratosthenes’ own philosophy and work. Circumference 2008-11-25T00:00:00Z Admittedly, most of these older ideas would have seemed decidedly quaint by Eratosthenes’ time. Circumference 2008-11-25T00:00:00Z Eratosthenes’ limpid inference does conceal a few additional assumptions, and some difficulties. Circumference 2008-11-25T00:00:00Z After Eratosthenes’ discovery, many great voyages were attempted by brave and venturesome sailors. Cosmos 1980-01-01T00:00:00Z In Eratosthenes’ time, globes were constructed portraying the Earth as viewed from space; they were essentially correct in the well-explored Mediterranean but became more and more inaccurate the farther they strayed from home. Cosmos 1980-01-01T00:00:00Z Indeed, as a natural scientist and a mathematician, the mature Eratosthenes represented the anti-Ariston. Circumference 2008-11-25T00:00:00Z Eratosthenes asked himself how, at the same moment, a stick in Syene could cast no shadow and a stick in Alexandria, far to the north, could cast a pronounced shadow. Cosmos 1980-01-01T00:00:00Z But it seems clear that in almost everything Eratosthenes was “Alpha.” Cosmos 1980-01-01T00:00:00Z On the other hand, suppose our time traveler had persuaded Queen Isabella that Columbus’ geography was faulty, that from Eratosthenes’ estimate of the circumference of the Earth, Columbus could never reach Asia. Cosmos 1980-01-01T00:00:00Z In 245 bce, Eratosthenes of Cyrene left Athens to take up his position as head librarian at the Museum in Alexandria. Circumference 2008-11-25T00:00:00Z Babylonian records for the movements of the sun, moon, and planets were impressively comprehensive by Eratosthenes’ time. Circumference 2008-11-25T00:00:00Z The broad sweep of the harbors remains, but the quays where Eratosthenes landed are now underwater. Circumference 2008-11-25T00:00:00Z Eratosthenes must have had occasion to question Egypt’s reputation for stability during his first days in Alexandria. Circumference 2008-11-25T00:00:00Z Columbus had been an itinerant peddler of old maps and an assiduous reader of the books by and about the ancient geographers, including Eratosthenes, Strabo and Ptolemy. Cosmos 1980-01-01T00:00:00Z He further declared that Eratosthenes’ earth measurement was “supported by such subtle arguments that we cannot refuse our assent.” Circumference 2008-11-25T00:00:00Z We can be sure, then, that if Eratosthenes brought any of his own books from Athens, they would have been thoroughly examined by the king’s officials. Circumference 2008-11-25T00:00:00Z By Eratosthenes’ time, most of those who thought seriously about such questions believed in the sphericity of the earth. Circumference 2008-11-25T00:00:00Z But for the Enterprise of the Indies to work, for ships and crews to survive the long voyage, the Earth had to be smaller than Eratosthenes had said. Cosmos 1980-01-01T00:00:00Z In any case, as we shall see below, there is good reason to think Eratosthenes used the Egyptian unit. Circumference 2008-11-25T00:00:00Z Eratosthenes would no doubt have first made inquiries at Athens’ port of Piraeus for passage aboard a freighter. Circumference 2008-11-25T00:00:00Z History does not record if Eratosthenes arrived in the city with the proper eyewear. Circumference 2008-11-25T00:00:00Z But Eratosthenes was a scientist, and his musings on these commonplaces changed the world; in a way, they made the world. Cosmos 1980-01-01T00:00:00Z To a man in his prime such as Eratosthenes, there would have been no reason to avoid spending his time under the open sky. Circumference 2008-11-25T00:00:00Z Geography didn’t catch up to Eratosthenes until true oceangoing ships proved his calculations directly, almost two thousand years after he was born. Circumference 2008-11-25T00:00:00Z Despite its turbulent start, Euergetes’ reign—and Eratosthenes’ tenure as head librarian—was on a secure footing. Circumference 2008-11-25T00:00:00Z In the footsteps of Eratosthenes, he was the first person to measure the size of another planet. Cosmos 1980-01-01T00:00:00Z The pertinent point is worth emphasizing: though the Alexandrian Greeks such as Eratosthenes worked within the geographical confines of Egypt, they were not drawing from some deep well of native wisdom. Circumference 2008-11-25T00:00:00Z Indeed, Athens’ most important exports to Ptolemy’s kingdom would not have been her signature products, such as wine, honey, and olive oil, or even books for the Great Library, but intellectuals like Eratosthenes himself. Circumference 2008-11-25T00:00:00Z Eratosthenes was a foreigner in Egypt, appointed as only the third head librarian since the founding of the Museum in Alexandria. Circumference 2008-11-25T00:00:00Z We find evidence for similar bitterness in the archive of the Greek magistrate Diophanes, who presided over the Arsinoite nome in middle Egypt toward the end of Eratosthenes’ lifetime in the late third century. Circumference 2008-11-25T00:00:00Z In residence there for at least sixteen years, Eratosthenes worked his way into the educational establishment, building the reputation that would earn him an invitation to Egypt. Circumference 2008-11-25T00:00:00Z Comparing Plato’s Athens to Eratosthenes’ Alexandria is not to compare gold to silver, but apples to oranges. Circumference 2008-11-25T00:00:00Z Eratosthenes says that if the extent of the Atlantic Ocean were not an obstacle, we might easily pass by sea from Iberia to India.... Cosmos 1980-01-01T00:00:00Z One of the key assumptions of Eratosthenes’ measurement of the earth’s circumference—that the planet is spherical—would have been reinforced in his mind even before he set foot on Egyptian soil. Circumference 2008-11-25T00:00:00Z Eratosthenes knew that the distance between Alexandria and Syene was approximately 800 kilometers, because he hired a man to pace it out. Cosmos 1980-01-01T00:00:00Z That Eratosthenes was the architect of Euergetes’ proposed calendar—and indirectly of ours as well—is not a proven fact. Circumference 2008-11-25T00:00:00Z Eratosthenes’ only tools were sticks, eyes, feet and brains, plus a taste for experiment. Cosmos 1980-01-01T00:00:00Z In some cases, we will find that Eratosthenes was prescient in his thinking; in others, that he was sloppy or mistaken, but that his errors had the fortuitous effect of canceling each other out. Circumference 2008-11-25T00:00:00Z Eratosthenes, in a lost work quoted by the Roman-era geographer Strabo, wrote that of the kingdom of the pharaohs “there was a common saying: ‘The way to Egypt is long and vexatious.’.. Circumference 2008-11-25T00:00:00Z One of his envious contemporaries called him “Beta,” the second letter of the Greek alphabet, because, he said, Eratosthenes was second best in the world in everything. Cosmos 1980-01-01T00:00:00Z Four hundred years before Eratosthenes, Africa had been circumnavigated by a Phoenician fleet in the employ of the Egyptian Pharaoh Necho. Cosmos 1980-01-01T00:00:00Z We’d love a peek at the Ephemerides, the official war diary of the Macedonian army’s campaign through Persia, and basis for much of Eratosthenes’ eastern geography. Circumference 2008-11-25T00:00:00Z In 224, when Eratosthenes was head librarian, Ptolemy III Euergetes made an enormous donation to the people of Rhodes after an earthquake. Circumference 2008-11-25T00:00:00Z Of Eratosthenes’ parentage and early life, our sources are almost silent. Circumference 2008-11-25T00:00:00Z By the third century bce, Eratosthenes was heir to a rich heritage of possible universes. Circumference 2008-11-25T00:00:00Z A few facts are relevant to Eratosthenes’ story, however. Circumference 2008-11-25T00:00:00Z What a pleasure such a view would have given to Eratosthenes and the other Alexandrian geographers. Cosmos 1980-01-01T00:00:00Z After Eratosthenes, some may have tried, but not until the time of Magellan did anyone succeed in circumnavigating the Earth. Cosmos 1980-01-01T00:00:00Z Columbus’ first voyage is connected in the most straightforward way with the calculations of Eratosthenes. Cosmos 1980-01-01T00:00:00Z I wanted to come to Alexandria as Eratosthenes had in 245. Circumference 2008-11-25T00:00:00Z The results were amazing: Eratosthenes accurately calculated the size of the Earth, mapped it, and argued that India could be reached by sailing westward from Spain. Cosmos 1980-01-01T00:00:00Z He made the “philosopher’s run” to Alexandria around 297, just as Eratosthenes later would. Circumference 2008-11-25T00:00:00Z It is tempting to assume, therefore, that Eratosthenes rose from humble origins. Circumference 2008-11-25T00:00:00Z The most pedantic difficulty—and the one that has undoubtedly spilled the most scholarly ink—is the question of which version of the stade Eratosthenes used in his work. Circumference 2008-11-25T00:00:00Z Eratosthenes had the presence of mind to do an experiment, actually to observe whether in Alexandria vertical sticks cast shadows near noon on June 21. Cosmos 1980-01-01T00:00:00Z The major intellectual pursuit of his last years was a concordance and calibration of the chronologies of ancient civilizations, very much in the tradition of the ancient historians Manetho, Strabo and Eratosthenes. Cosmos 1980-01-01T00:00:00Z With whole regions of the country’s interior seemingly on the edge of revolt throughout Ptolemaic history, it is likely that Greekspeaking travelers faced similar risks in Eratosthenes’ time. Circumference 2008-11-25T00:00:00Z For instance, we know about the measurement of the Earth’s circumference by Eratosthenes around 240BC not from his own writings, which are lost, but from the commentary of Cleomedes, writing several centuries later. Recommended Science Books For Non-Scientists 2015-04-06T04:00:00Z He will tell you not only how Eratosthenes worked but that his flat map of the world made the overall landmass look like an elongated skull. Books of The Times: ‘On the Map’ by Simon Garfield 2012-12-18T23:14:13Z Hellenistic astronomers also refined the calculations associated with the size of the Earth; one astronomer named Eratosthenes calculated the circumference of the Earth that was only off by 200 miles. Western Civilization: A Concise History 2020-01-01T00:00:00Z It is not possible to evaluate precisely the accuracy of Eratosthenes solution because there is doubt about which of the various kinds of Greek stadia he used as his unit of distance. Astronomy 2016-10-13T00:00:00Z As well as a highly regarded astronomer and mathematician, Eratosthenes also was a poet and historian. World History: Patterns of Interaction 2012-01-01T00:00:00Z So did Pythagoras, Archimedes and later, in 240BC, the astronomer Eratosthenes, who was among the first to estimate the Earth’s circumference. Is the Earth flat? Meet the people questioning science 2018-05-27T04:00:00Z Just as a chess player might examine variations of the Ruy Lopez and King’s Indian Defense, a mathematician might study particularly clever applications of the Chinese remainder theorem or the sieve of Eratosthenes. The Singular Mind of Terry Tao 2015-07-24T04:00:00Z Zhang used a very complicated form of a simple device for finding primes called a sieve, invented by a Greek named Eratosthenes, a contemporary of Archimedes. Solving an Unsolvable Math Problem 2015-01-26T05:00:00Z Eratosthenes reasoned that the curvature of the round Earth meant that “straight up” was not the same in the two cities. Astronomy 2016-10-13T00:00:00Z Ditto for a student able to show that she knows prime numbers by completing Eratosthenes Sieve. The mistake policymakers make about teaching 2012-05-29T08:00:00Z On a photograph of a part of the moon’s surface near the crater Eratosthenes, Prof. William H. Pickering finds markings which very much resemble the so-called “canals” of Mars. Astronomical Curiosities Facts and Fallacies 2012-03-27T02:00:18Z The Alexandrian Eratosthenes placed chronology upon the scientific basis of astronomy, and Apollodorus drew up the most important chronica of antiquity. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 13, Slice 5 "Hinduism" to "Home, Earls of" 2012-03-25T02:00:05.717Z Geometry had been born and Eratosthenes had indeed measured the size of the earth. Astronomy: The Science of the Heavenly Bodies 2012-03-17T02:01:02.630Z Eratosthenes measured the size of Earth by observing the angle at which the Sun’s rays hit our planet’s surface. Astronomy 2016-10-13T00:00:00Z Through the trade connection of Alexandria Eratosthenes obtained better information on these districts, and was enabled to mention the tribes who possessed the south. The History of Antiquity, Vol. I (of VI) 2012-01-28T03:00:28.213Z He is now applying for permits to return to Eratosthenes to search for shipwrecks next year. Underwater archaeology: Hunt for the ancient mariner 2012-01-25T18:50:24.357Z The dates in Eusebius are derived from Apollodorus, who in turn draws from Eratosthenes. The History of Antiquity Vol. VI. (vol. VI. of VI.) 2011-12-15T03:00:18.317Z Chronology was treated scientifically by Eratosthenes, and was combined with history by Manetho in his chronicles of Egypt, and by Berossus in his chronicles of Chaldaea. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 12, Slice 5 "Greek Law" to "Ground-Squirrel" 2011-12-05T03:00:51.527Z Eratosthenes measured the size of Earth with surprising precision. Astronomy 2016-10-13T00:00:00Z This compilation of Eratosthenes contained the names and reigns of thirty-eight kings of Thebes. The History of Antiquity, Vol. I (of VI) 2012-01-28T03:00:28.213Z Last year, Ballard investigated the Eratosthenes seamount, a 700-metre-deep tabletop south of Cyprus, and says it does indeed seem to represent a relic surface. Underwater archaeology: Hunt for the ancient mariner 2012-01-25T18:50:24.357Z Eratosthenes lived about 200 B.C., and Posidonius about 100 years later. De Re Metallica, Translated from the First Latin Edition of 1556 2011-11-16T03:00:21.977Z From the time of Eratosthenes and Aristotle, Greek thinkers and scholars who lived several hundreds of years before the birth of Christ had known that the earth was round, and Columbus believed this fact too. Great Inventions and Discoveries 2011-10-01T02:00:30.900Z Suppose Eratosthenes’ results for Earth’s circumference were quite accurate. Astronomy 2016-10-13T00:00:00Z As early as the time of Eratosthenes the Egyptians assisted the researches of the Greeks. The History of Antiquity, Vol. I (of VI) 2012-01-28T03:00:28.213Z His geography was based more immediately on the work of his predecessor, Marinus of Tyre, and on that of Hipparchus, the follower and critic of Eratosthenes. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 11, Slice 6 "Geodesy" to "Geometry" 2011-09-19T02:00:10.473Z Eratosthenes describes it as follows:—The liquid asphaltus, which is called naphtha, is found in Susa; the dry kind, which can be made solid, in Babylonia. De Re Metallica, Translated from the First Latin Edition of 1556 2011-11-16T03:00:21.977Z And Eratosthenes says, in the first book of his Catalogue of the Victors at Olympia, that the Etruscans used to box to the music of the flute. The Deipnosophists, or Banquet of the Learned of Athen?us 2011-08-02T02:00:21.843Z So the legend ran in a Hesiodic poem, according to the extract in Eratosthenes. Myth, Ritual And Religion, Vol. 2 (of 2) 2011-07-22T02:00:19.110Z Still greater discrepancies appear if we compare the list of Eratosthenes with the names and numbers handed down to us from Manetho's work. The History of Antiquity, Vol. I (of VI) 2012-01-28T03:00:28.213Z Herodotus, Eratosthenes, Strato and Strabo noted the vast quantities of fossil shells in different parts of Egypt, together with beds of salt, as evidence that the sea had once spread over the country. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 11, Slice 6 "Geodesy" to "Geometry" 2011-09-19T02:00:10.473Z The earliest attempt at this was made by Eratosthenes, 246 years before our era, and it was founded on the following reasoning. Astronomical Myths Based on Flammarions's History of the Heavens 2011-06-24T02:00:15.873Z According to its heading the problem was communicated by Archimedes to the mathematicians at Alexandria in a letter to Eratosthenes; and a scholium to Plato’s Charmides speaks of the problem “called by Archimedes the Cattle-Problem”. Archimedes Men of Science 2011-03-13T03:00:23.660Z Europe was regarded by Eratosthenes as including all that was then known of northern Asia. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 9, Slice 8 "Ethiopia" to "Evangelical Association" 2011-03-05T03:00:24.537Z Nevertheless the names of the first three or four rulers in Eratosthenes agree with those in Manetho. The History of Antiquity, Vol. I (of VI) 2012-01-28T03:00:28.213Z Eratosthenes was one of the most learned men of antiquity, and wrote on a great number of subjects. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 9, Slice 7 "Equation" to "Ethics" 2011-02-27T03:00:31.973Z The period from Eratosthenes to Picard has been called the spherical era of geodesy; the period from Picard to the end of the 19th century has been called the ellipsoidal period. Development of Gravity Pendulums in the 19th Century Contributions from the Museum of History and Technology, Papers 34-44 On Science and Technology, Smithsonian Institution, 1966 2011-01-22T03:00:16.753Z It would appear that it was in the effort to solve this problem that Men�chmus discovered the conic sections, which are called, in an epigram by Eratosthenes, “the triads of Men�chmus”. Archimedes Men of Science 2011-03-13T03:00:23.660Z Archimedes himself stated in a dedication of the work to Eratosthenes the method employed in this. Education: How Old The New 2011-01-14T03:00:54.370Z The last name in Eratosthenes nearly corresponds to the name of the king, in Manetho, under whom the invasion of the Hyksos took place. The History of Antiquity, Vol. I (of VI) 2012-01-28T03:00:28.213Z The still extant Catasterismi, containing the story of certain stars in prose, is probably not by Eratosthenes. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 9, Slice 7 "Equation" to "Ethics" 2011-02-27T03:00:31.973Z Determination of the figure of the earth consisted in the measurement of the radius by the astronomical-geodetic method invented by Eratosthenes. Development of Gravity Pendulums in the 19th Century Contributions from the Museum of History and Technology, Papers 34-44 On Science and Technology, Smithsonian Institution, 1966 2011-01-22T03:00:16.753Z Syene was one of the bases used by Eratosthenes in his calculations for the measurement of the earth. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 2, Slice 7 "Arundel, Thomas" to "Athens" Lessing in 1773, which purports to have been sent by Archimedes to the mathematicians at Alexandria in a letter to Eratosthenes. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 2, Slice 4 "Aram, Eugene" to "Arcueil" A second path, which has lately been struck out for the reduction of Manetho's dynasties, is based upon the list of Eratosthenes. The History of Antiquity, Vol. I (of VI) 2012-01-28T03:00:28.213Z Eratosthenes was the founder of scientific chronology in his χρονογραφία in which he endeavoured to fix the dates of the chief literary and political events from the conquest of Troy. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 9, Slice 7 "Equation" to "Ethics" 2011-02-27T03:00:31.973Z The Alexandrian scientist Eratosthenes made the first estimate of the diameter and circumference of a supposedly spherical earth by an astronomical-geodetic method. Development of Gravity Pendulums in the 19th Century Contributions from the Museum of History and Technology, Papers 34-44 On Science and Technology, Smithsonian Institution, 1966 2011-01-22T03:00:16.753Z The calculation of Eratosthenes is simply wrong, and so we can afford to forget it. A Critical History of Greek Philosophy Under him was the librarian, an office sometimes held by men whose names have descended to our times, as Eratosthenes and Apollonius Rhodius. Bible Myths and their Parallels in other Religions Being a Comparison of the Old and New Testament Myths and Miracles with those of the Heathen Nations of Antiquity Considering also their Origin and Meaning It is assumed that only the names quoted in Eratosthenes are the names of real monarchs, and that we must look for similar names in the list of Manetho. The History of Antiquity, Vol. I (of VI) 2012-01-28T03:00:28.213Z The first four librarians were Zenodotus, Eratosthenes, Aristophanes of Byzantium, and Aristarchus. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 6, Slice 4 "Cincinnatus" to "Cleruchy" In Alexandria, itself a monument of engineering and architectural skill, soon were to be found men whose names were destined for The great men it produced. futurity—Apollonius, Eratosthenes, Manetho. History of the Intellectual Development of Europe, Volume I (of 2) Revised Edition He also seems to have devised the method of denoting the position of a place by means of two co-ordinates, the method soon after developed by Eratosthenes into Latitude and Longitude. Five Stages of Greek Religion The shadows cast by Eratosthenes at sunrise are magnificent. Pleasures of the telescope An Illustrated Guide for Amateur Astronomers and a Popular Description of the Chief Wonders of the Heavens for General Readers In the list of kings in Eratosthenes, the fourteenth successor of Menes is Saophis; Eratosthenes allows him a reign of twenty-nine years. The History of Antiquity, Vol. I (of VI) 2012-01-28T03:00:28.213Z Here he counted among his pupils Apollonius Rhodius, author of the 'Argonautica,' and Eratosthenes, famous for his wisdom in science, who knew geography and geometry so well that he measured the circumference of the earth. Library of the World's Best Literature, Ancient and Modern, Vol. 7 I shall here pause to make a few remarks suggested by the chronological and astronomical works of Eratosthenes. History of the Intellectual Development of Europe, Volume I (of 2) Revised Edition There were exceptions, of course: Democritus, Eratosthenes, Hippocrates, and to a great extent Aristotle. Five Stages of Greek Religion This range curves round towards the east, and finishes with a fine ring-plain called Eratosthenes—some thirty-seven miles in diameter, with a floor depressed 8000 feet below the lunar surface. To Mars via The Moon An Astronomical Story Eratosthenes.—This profound crater, upwards of 37 miles in diameter, lies at the end of the gigantic range of the Apennines. The Story of the Heavens The old Homeric notion of an ocean encompassing the terrestrial world, although mentioned with doubt by Views of Eratosthenes, B. C. 276-196. The Discovery of America Vol. 1 (of 2) with some account of Ancient America and the Spanish Conquest Alas! no one of the ferocious bigots knew that with these Eratosthenes had in the old times measured the size of the earth, and Timocharis had determined the motions of the planet Venus. History of the Intellectual Development of Europe, Volume I (of 2) Revised Edition In like manner he disbelieves poor Pytheas and his accounts of the land of Ultima Thule and his marvellous walks through Britain, while he clings to the writings of Eratosthenes. A Book of Discovery The History of the World's Exploration, From the Earliest Times to the Finding of the South Pole The Platonicus of Eratosthenes evidently dealt with the fundamental notions of mathematics in connexion with Plato’s philosophy, and seems to have begun with the story of the origin of the duplication problem. The Legacy of Greece Essays By: Gilbert Murray, W. R. Inge, J. Burnet, Sir T. L. Heath, D'arcy W. Thompson, Charles Singer, R. W. Livingston, A. Toynbee, A. E. Zimmern, Percy Gardner, Sir Reginald Blomfield Not improbably, Eratosthenes once formed the volcanic vent for the stupendous forces that elevated the comparatively craterless peaks of these great mountains. The Story of the Heavens His general conception of the earth was substantially that of Eratosthenes. The Discovery of America Vol. 1 (of 2) with some account of Ancient America and the Spanish Conquest During the Middle Ages the Ptolemaic theory was in the ascendant; but the observations of thirteenth-century travelers gave powerful support to the ideas of Eratosthenes. Beginnings of the American People Some said it was forty thousand miles round, but Eratosthenes was not content with guessing. A Book of Discovery The History of the World's Exploration, From the Earliest Times to the Finding of the South Pole The most famous achievement of Eratosthenes was his measurement of the earth. The Legacy of Greece Essays By: Gilbert Murray, W. R. Inge, J. Burnet, Sir T. L. Heath, D'arcy W. Thompson, Charles Singer, R. W. Livingston, A. Toynbee, A. E. Zimmern, Percy Gardner, Sir Reginald Blomfield Some people do indeed say that Eratosthenes could not have inferred the true measure of the earth. The Ten Books on Architecture A. D. 150. followed the opinion of Hipparchus, and carried to an extreme the reaction against Eratosthenes. The Discovery of America Vol. 1 (of 2) with some account of Ancient America and the Spanish Conquest Eratosthenes, accepting the spherical theory, had advanced the identical notion which nearly seventeen hundred years later impelled Columbus to his voyage. Amerigo Vespucci A library was started, and a Greek, Eratosthenes, held the post of librarian at Alexandria for forty years, namely, from 240-196 B.C. A Book of Discovery The History of the World's Exploration, From the Earliest Times to the Finding of the South Pole Isis, the same as Ceres, was, as we learn from Eratosthenes, the Constellation Virgo, represented by a woman holding an ear of wheat. Morals and Dogma of the Ancient and Accepted Scottish Rite of Freemasonry His chief predecessors, Eratosthenes and Strabo, had left much blank space in their charts, and had made many mistakes in detail, but they had caught the main features of the Old World with fair accuracy. Prince Henry the Navigator, the Hero of Portugal and of Modern Discovery, 1394-1460 A.D. With an Account of Geographical Progress Throughout the Middle Ages As the Preparation for His Work. In the unvisited regions on all sides of the known world Eratosthenes imagined vast oceans, Ptolemy imagined vast deserts or impenetrable swamps. The Discovery of America Vol. 1 (of 2) with some account of Ancient America and the Spanish Conquest But others who, with Eratosthenes and Apollodorus, compute the time by the succession of the Spartan kings, place him much earlier than the first Olympiad. Ideal Commonwealths Eratosthenes I and X. Two isolated mountains N. of this formation, in N. lat. The Moon A Full Description and Map of its Principal Physical Features The fifth full Moon occurred in Virgo, the true image of Isis, and which Eratosthenes calls by that name. Morals and Dogma of the Ancient and Accepted Scottish Rite of Freemasonry At about half past one, looking to their right on the west, they saw the summits of another mountain; Barbican, consulting his map, recognized Eratosthenes. All Around the Moon Others supputing the times by the Kings of Laced�mon, as Eratosthenes and Apollodorus, affirm that he was not a few years older than the first Olympiad. The Chronology of Ancient Kingdoms Amended To which is Prefix'd, A Short Chronicle from the First Memory of Things in Europe, to the Conquest of Persia by Alexander the Great Cyrene—A country west of Egypt, and the birthplace of Callimachus the poet, Eratosthenes the historian, and Simon who bore the Saviour's cross. History of the Negro Race in America From 1619 to 1880. Vol 1 Negroes as Slaves, as Soldiers, and as Citizens It is most prominent on the W., where it apparently consists of a S. extension of the Eratosthenes mountain-arm, and is associated with a number of little craters and pits. The Moon A Full Description and Map of its Principal Physical Features The defect in the writer of the Lettres Persanes is in his knowledge of Persia, not of Paris and London: Eratosthenes, as we remember, was born in Cyrene and worked in Alexandria. The Unity of Civilization The contradictions are so great, and the modes of reconciling Manetho, Herodotus, Diodorus, Eratosthenes, and the monuments are so inadequate, that we must regard the whole question of the duration of the monarchy as unsettled. Ten Great Religions An Essay in Comparative Theology Eratosthenes wrote above an hundred years after the death of Alexander the great: He was followed by Apollodorus; and these two have been followed ever since by Chronologers. The Chronology of Ancient Kingdoms Amended To which is Prefix'd, A Short Chronicle from the First Memory of Things in Europe, to the Conquest of Persia by Alexander the Great As the actual circumference is 24,899 English miles, this was a very near approximation, considering the rough means Eratosthenes had at his disposal. The Story of Geographical Discovery How the World Became Known There are, however, two sections of the crest of the border on the N.E. which are inflected slightly towards the centre, a peculiarity already noticed in the case of Eratosthenes. The Moon A Full Description and Map of its Principal Physical Features This we are told by Eratosthenes the historian. Plutarch's Lives Volume III. Eratosthenes observed, that at the time of the summer solstice this well was completely illuminated by the sun, and hence he inferred that the sun was, at that time, in the zenith of this place. A General History and Collection of Voyages and Travels - Volume 18 Historical Sketch of the Progress of Discovery, Navigation, and Commerce, from the Earliest Records to the Beginning of the Nineteenth Century, By William Stevenson Others supputing the times by the succession of the Kings of the Laced�monians, as Eratosthenes and Apollodorus, affirm that he was not a few years older than the first Olympiad. The Chronology of Ancient Kingdoms Amended To which is Prefix'd, A Short Chronicle from the First Memory of Things in Europe, to the Conquest of Persia by Alexander the Great Having thus estimated the size of the earth, Eratosthenes then went on to determine the size of that portion which the ancients considered to be habitable. The Story of Geographical Discovery How the World Became Known Eratosthenes soon disappeared from the horizon without the projectile having been sufficiently near it to allow a rigorous observation. The Moon-Voyage The historian Eratosthenes informs us that when Alexander was about to set out on his great expedition, Olympias told him the secret of his birth, and bade him act worthily of his divine parentage. Plutarch's Lives Volume III. As the interval between Eratosthenes and Plutarch was only about 512 years, Bishop Morsley has very naturally expressed his doubts of the accuracy of Plutarch's assertion. A General History and Collection of Voyages and Travels - Volume 18 Historical Sketch of the Progress of Discovery, Navigation, and Commerce, from the Earliest Records to the Beginning of the Nineteenth Century, By William Stevenson Eratosthenes wrote about an hundred years after the death of Alexander the great: He was followed by Apollodorus, and these two have been followed ever since by Chronologers. The Chronology of Ancient Kingdoms Amended To which is Prefix'd, A Short Chronicle from the First Memory of Things in Europe, to the Conquest of Persia by Alexander the Great He introduced from the extra knowledge thus obtained many modifications of the system of Eratosthenes, but, on the whole, kept to his general conception of the Page 30 world. The Story of Geographical Discovery How the World Became Known Soon Eratosthenes disappeared under the horizon without the projectile being sufficiently near to allow close observation. From the Earth to the Moon; and, Round the Moon But Eratosthenes and Apollodorus and other chronologers, computing the time by the successions of the Spartan kings, pretend to demonstrate that he was much more ancient than the institution of the Olympic games. Plutarch: Lives of the noble Grecians and Romans Strabo informs us, that Eratosthenes constructed a map of the world; but he does not give such particulars as will enable us to trace the extent of his geographical knowledge. A General History and Collection of Voyages and Travels - Volume 18 Historical Sketch of the Progress of Discovery, Navigation, and Commerce, from the Earliest Records to the Beginning of the Nineteenth Century, By William Stevenson He measured the obliquity of the ecliptic, and agreed with Eratosthenes. History of Astronomy The ancients, as we have seen, had recognised the rotundity of the earth, and Eratosthenes had even recognised the possibility of reaching India by sailing westward. The Story of Geographical Discovery How the World Became Known Eratosthenes was not only prominent in the science of chronology, but was also the founder of astronomical geography, and the author of many valuable works in various branches of philosophy. Handbook of Universal Literature From the Best and Latest Authorities And Eratosthenes also says that he kept the poison in a hollow ring, and that that ring was the bracelet which he wore about his arm. Plutarch: Lives of the noble Grecians and Romans The same observation will not apply to Agatharcides, who was president of the library after Eratosthenes. A General History and Collection of Voyages and Travels - Volume 18 Historical Sketch of the Progress of Discovery, Navigation, and Commerce, from the Earliest Records to the Beginning of the Nineteenth Century, By William Stevenson All this new knowledge of East and West was soon gathered together by Eratosthenes, the learned librarian of Alexandria. Early European History Not the least interesting of the passages in the manuscript is the first line, the greeting to Eratosthenes. Geometrical Solutions Derived from Mechanics; a Treatise of Archimedes Mathematics were splendidly represented by Euclid and Archimedes, Geography by Eratosthenes, Astronomy by Hipparchus; for these men, though not all residents in Alexandria, all gained their principles and method from study within her walls. The History of Roman Literature From the earliest period to the death of Marcus Aurelius For, in fact, the orations which were spoken by him had much more of boldness and confidence in them than those that he wrote, if we may believe Eratosthenes, Demetrius the Phalerian, and the Comedians. Plutarch: Lives of the noble Grecians and Romans We are also indebted to Eratosthenes for the first regular parallel of latitude, and also for tracing a meridian. A General History and Collection of Voyages and Travels - Volume 18 Historical Sketch of the Progress of Discovery, Navigation, and Commerce, from the Earliest Records to the Beginning of the Nineteenth Century, By William Stevenson Eratosthenes by careful measurements came within a few thousand miles of its actual circumference. Early European History Posidonius calculated the circumference of the earth to be two hundred and forty thousand stadia, by a different method from Eratosthenes. Beacon Lights of History, Volume 03 Ancient Achievements Eratosthenes took an extreme view in seeking pleasure alone. Rhetoric and Poetry in the Renaissance A Study of Rhetorical Terms in English Renaissance Literary Criticism And let no one think that I am accusing Theramenes while Eratosthenes is on trial. The Orations of Lysias The exact time at which he flourished is not known: according to Blair, he was contemporary with Eratosthenes, though younger than him, and flourished 177 A.C., A General History and Collection of Voyages and Travels - Volume 18 Historical Sketch of the Progress of Discovery, Navigation, and Commerce, from the Earliest Records to the Beginning of the Nineteenth Century, By William Stevenson Having estimated the size of the earth, Eratosthenes went on to determine how large was its habitable area. Early European History It is probable he was much indebted to Eratosthenes, who preceded him by three centuries. Beacon Lights of History, Volume 03 Ancient Achievements Eratosthenes says that the poet directs his whole attention to the amusement of the mind, and not at all to its instruction. Rhetoric and Poetry in the Renaissance A Study of Rhetorical Terms in English Renaissance Literary Criticism Eratosthenes, Archimedes, and Hipparchus were geniuses worthy to be placed by the side of Kepler, Newton, and La Place. The Old Roman World, : the Grandeur and Failure of Its Civilization. Ptolemy supposes this to have been the Thule of Pytheas, Pliny places it within three degrees of the pole, Eratosthenes under the polar circle. A General History and Collection of Voyages and Travels - Volume 18 Historical Sketch of the Progress of Discovery, Navigation, and Commerce, from the Earliest Records to the Beginning of the Nineteenth Century, By William Stevenson The next two centuries after Eratosthenes saw the spread of Roman rule over Greeks and Carthaginians in the Mediterranean and over the barbarous inhabitants of Gaul, Britain, and Germany. Early European History Eratosthenes, Archimedes, and Hipparchus were geniuses worthy to be placed by the side of Kepler, Newton, and La Place, and all ages will reverence their efforts and their memory. Beacon Lights of History, Volume 03 Ancient Achievements Eratosthenes cast everything he wished to teach into poetry. Moonbeams from the Larger Lunacy Posidonius calculated the circumference of the earth to be two hundred and forty thousand stadia by a different method from Eratosthenes. The Old Roman World, : the Grandeur and Failure of Its Civilization. It is mentioned, and a short description given of it, by Onesicritus and Eratosthenes. A General History and Collection of Voyages and Travels - Volume 18 Historical Sketch of the Progress of Discovery, Navigation, and Commerce, from the Earliest Records to the Beginning of the Nineteenth Century, By William Stevenson Eratosthenes, that the sun is remote from the earth seven hundred and eighteen thousand furlongs. Complete Works of Plutarch — Volume 3: Essays and Miscellanies Probably many of the tales in Eratosthenes are late fictions consciously moulded on traditional data. Myth, Ritual and Religion — Volume 1 Eratosthenes disproves it: for he produces some plays exhibited by him after that date. Letters of Marcus Tullius Cicero When Eratosthenes began his labors, it was known that the surface of the earth was spherical. The Old Roman World, : the Grandeur and Failure of Its Civilization. And Eratosthenes also says that he kept the poison in a hollow ring, which he wore about his arm. The Boys' and Girls' Plutarch being parts of the "Lives" of Plutarch, edited for boys and girls The sages Eratosthenes, Hipparchus and Ptolemy amplified the teaching. The Path of the King For Greek examples, Hesiod, Ovid, and the Catasterismoi, attributed to Eratosthenes, are useful authorities. Myth, Ritual and Religion — Volume 1 Another evidence of practicality was shown in the Arabian method of attempting to advance upon Eratosthenes' measurement of the earth. A History of Science — Volume 2 He starved himself to death, being tired of life, like Eratosthenes, more properly an astronomer, and the most distinguished among the ancients, born about 160 B.C., although none of his writings have reached us. The Old Roman World, : the Grandeur and Failure of Its Civilization. And now there was the experiment of Eratosthenes to give the length of that radius in precise terms. A History of Science — Volume 1 Four names at once attract us: Euclid, Aristarchus, Eratosthenes, Hipparchus. Alexandria and Her Schools; four lectures delivered at the Philosophical Institution, Edinburgh But Eratosthenes executed one between Syene and Alexandria, in Egypt, Syene being supposed to be exactly under the tropic of Cancer. History of the Conflict Between Religion and Science Like the measurements of Aristarchus and Eratosthenes, this calculation of Alhazen is simple enough in theory. A History of Science — Volume 2 It is probable he is much indebted to Eratosthenes, who preceded him by three centuries, and who was the first systematic writer on geography. The Old Roman World, : the Grandeur and Failure of Its Civilization. Nearly all the discoveries of Eratosthenes are associated with observations of the shadows cast by the sun. A History of Science — Volume 1 Eratosthenes had heard that in Syene, in Upper Egypt, deep wells were enlightened to the bottom on the day of the summer solstice, and that vertical objects cast no shadows. Alexandria and Her Schools; four lectures delivered at the Philosophical Institution, Edinburgh Under him was the librarian, an office sometimes held by men whose names have descended to our times, as Eratosthenes, and Apollonius Rhodius. History of the Conflict Between Religion and Science Here, perhaps, the reference is to Eratosthenes, whose measurement of the earth we shall have occasion to revert to in a moment. A History of Science — Volume 1 What perhaps is deserving of more attention is the fact that this epoch-making measurement of Eratosthenes may not have been the first one to be made. A History of Science — Volume 1 Much more striking, at least in its appeal to the popular imagination, was that other great feat which Eratosthenes performed with the aid of his perfected gnomon—the measurement of the earth itself. A History of Science — Volume 1 One other great merit of Eratosthenes is, that he first raised Geography to the rank of a science. Alexandria and Her Schools; four lectures delivered at the Philosophical Institution, Edinburgh Eratosthenes, who at one time had charge of the library, was the author of many important works. History of the Conflict Between Religion and Science It was Hipparchus whose somewhat equivocal comment on the work of Eratosthenes we have already noted. A History of Science — Volume 1 But so little is known regarding the way in which Eudoxus reached his estimate that the measurement of Eratosthenes is usually spoken of as if it were the first effort of the kind. A History of Science — Volume 1 Moreover, it is doubtful whether Eratosthenes made allowance, as he should have done, for the semi-diameter of the sun in measuring the angle of the shadow. A History of Science — Volume 1 But if Eratosthenes had hold of eternal fact and law on one point, there was a contemporary who had hold of it in more than one. Alexandria and Her Schools; four lectures delivered at the Philosophical Institution, Edinburgh Hipparchus had the gnomon of Eratosthenes—doubtless in a perfected form—to aid him, and he soon proved himself a master in its use. A History of Science — Volume 1 Stated in a few words, the experiment of Eratosthenes was this. A History of Science — Volume 1 These, then, were the preliminary data required by Eratosthenes. A History of Science — Volume 1 We are chiefly concerned with his comment upon his more recent predecessors, beginning with Eratosthenes. A History of Science — Volume 1 It is believed that Eratosthenes invented an important modification of the gnomon which was elaborated afterwards by Hipparchus and called an armillary sphere. A History of Science — Volume 1 Yet the method of Eratosthenes, like many another enigma, seems simple enough once it is explained. A History of Science — Volume 1 The way in which Eratosthenes measured this angle was very simple. A History of Science — Volume 1 Unfortunately, we do not know which one of the various measurements used in antiquity is represented by the stadia of Eratosthenes. A History of Science — Volume 1 It must not be supposed, however, that the experiment in question was quite new with Eratosthenes. A History of Science — Volume 1 This worthy supplementor of the work of Aristarchus was Eratosthenes of Alexandria. A History of Science — Volume 1 What Eratosthenes really did was to approach both astronomy and geography from two seemingly divergent points of attack—namely, from the stand-point of the geometer and also from that of the poet. A History of Science — Volume 1 In point of versatility we shall perhaps hardly find his equal at a later day—unless, indeed, an exception be made of Eratosthenes. A History of Science — Volume 1 Now, Eratosthenes knew, as just stated, that the sun, when on the meridian on the day of the summer solstice, was directly over the town of Syene. A History of Science — Volume 1 With the aid of this implement, Eratosthenes carefully noted the longest and the shortest shadows cast by the gnomon—that is to say, the shadows cast on the days of the solstices. A History of Science — Volume 1 Elsewhere Strabo criticises Eratosthenes for having entered into a long discussion as to the form of the earth. A History of Science — Volume 1 As to the size of the globe, Strabo is disposed to accept without particular comment the measurements of Eratosthenes. A History of Science — Volume 1 If Eratosthenes had a precursor as an earth-measurer, no hint or rumor has come down to us that would enable us to guess who that precursor may have been. A History of Science — Volume 1 Here again Hipparchus was not altogether an innovator, since a chart showing the brightest stars had been made by Eratosthenes**; but the new charts were much elaborated. A History of Science — Volume 1
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