| 单词 | eosinophil |
| 例句 | Neutrophils, eosinophils, lymphocytes, monocytes and basophils are all about three times the diameter of a red blood cell and round. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z The disease is linked to an elevated level of white blood cells called eosinophils — the cells that respond in allergic reactions. Excruciating Leg Pain Hobbled Her for Weeks. What Was Wrong? 2023-01-12T05:00:00Z White blood cells—including neutrophils, monocytes, lymphocytes, eosinophils, and basophils—are involved in the immune response. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z An eosinophil’s granules are slightly larger and stain reddish-orange, and its nucleus has two to three lobes. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z But in EGPA, patients have high levels of eosinophils, the white cells that drive the disease. A Doctor Asks Two Strange Questions That Reveal a Mysterious Disease 2021-11-10T05:00:00Z As Dr. Cloutier explained, in allergic asthma, inflammatory cells called eosinophils collect in the airways, but when a viral infection triggers the inflammation, cells called neutrophils are released, warranting a different treatment. There’s No ‘One Size Fits All’ Treatment for Asthma 2021-02-15T05:00:00Z Indeed, her eosinophil count was quite high — eight times the level normally seen. Excruciating Leg Pain Hobbled Her for Weeks. What Was Wrong? 2023-01-12T05:00:00Z Neutrophils and eosinophils are particularly important leukocytes that engulf large pathogens, such as bacteria and fungi. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z Furthermore, if IgE labels the parasite, the eosinophils can bind to it by its Fc receptor. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z As part of a study on asthma, we performed a genome-wide association study for eosinophil cell counts. Don’t ignore genetic data from minority populations 2020-09-07T04:00:00Z If a person’s eosinophil count is under 100 cells per microlitre, inhaled steroids are discouraged owing to lack of efficacy and the increased risk of pneumonia, even if the person is experiencing frequent exacerbations. Should physicians still be prescribing steroid inhalers as a first-line treatment for COPD? 2020-05-12T04:00:00Z Two biopsies showed the presence of eosinophils in his skin. He Was Unbearably Itchy, but the Problem Wasn’t in His Skin 2019-10-16T04:00:00Z Two additional leukocytes in the blood are eosinophils and basophils—both help to facilitate the inflammatory response. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z The granules of eosinophils stain best with an acidic stain known as eosin. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z The drug, benralizumab, is a biologic that works by killing white blood cells called eosinophils. New Biologic Drug Tackles Hard-to-Control Asthma 2016-09-07T04:00:00Z In people with low eosinophil counts, steroids had little effect. Should physicians still be prescribing steroid inhalers as a first-line treatment for COPD? 2020-05-12T04:00:00Z Hutterite children have more white blood cells involved in allergy, called eosinophils, while another cell type, called neutrophils — which specializes in repelling microbes — predominates in Amish children. Health Secrets of the Amish 2016-08-03T04:00:00Z Instead, their blood was swarming with another type of immune cell, eosinophils, which provoke allergic reactions. Barnyard Dust Offers a Clue to Stopping Asthma in Children 2016-08-03T04:00:00Z The nucleus of the eosinophil will typically have two to three lobes and, if stained properly, the granules will have a distinct red to orange color. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z He said treating those with high eosinophil levels earlier, more intensively or with different medicines might help them avoid surgery. Some 9/11 First Responders Suffer Severe Sinus Problems: Study 2016-04-08T04:00:00Z Cinqair, given by injection every four weeks, is designed to reduce severe asthma attacks by reducing blood levels of eosinophils, a white blood cell that contributes to asthma, the FDA said. Cinqair Approved for Severe Asthma 2016-03-23T04:00:00Z Given the right allergic trigger, eosinophils kick off the production of molecules that constrict the airways as well as mucus production, resulting in shortness of breath. Stress: The privilege of health : Nature : Nature Publishing Group 2016-03-15T04:00:00Z Too many of a specific type of white blood cell – called eosinophils – invade one or more digestive organs: the esophagus, stomach, large or small intestine. When You’re Allergic to Almost Every Food 2016-03-09T05:00:00Z The granules of eosinophils include antihistamine molecules, which counteract the activities of histamines, inflammatory chemicals produced by basophils and mast cells. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z Before lesion development, we detected increased mRNA expression of chemokines in the skin associated with early infiltration of macrophages and mast cells and later infiltration of eosinophils, T cells, and neutrophils. [Research Articles] Genetic Ablation of Epidermal EGFR Reveals the Dynamic Origin of Adverse Effects of Anti-EGFR Therapy 2013-08-21T18:25:05.013Z NK cells were highly activated in severe asthma, were linked to eosinophilia, and interacted with autologous eosinophils to promote their apoptosis. [Research Articles] Lipoxin A4 Regulates Natural Killer Cell and Type 2 Innate Lymphoid Cell Activation in Asthma 2013-02-27T19:25:04.833Z The injectable antibody treatment mepolizumab is designed to help a small group of people with asthma in which white blood cells called eosinophils cause inflammation of lung airways. GSK drug halves attacks in hard-to-treat asthma 2012-08-16T23:02:25Z Promising research includes work on specific drugs to eliminate eosinophils, Rothenberg says. When You’re Allergic to Almost Every Food 2016-03-09T05:00:00Z High counts of eosinophils are typical of patients experiencing allergies, parasitic worm infestations, and some autoimmune diseases. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z Increase of the eosinophil cells of the blood, often considerable, amounting to 10 and 20% and more has been regularly found, first by Gollasch, later by many other observers. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological In a case of malignant lymphoma Goldmann found a considerable accumulation of eosinophil cells within the tumour, and demonstrated anatomically, that it was brought about by an emigration of the cells from the vascular system. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological It reduces the number of eosinophils by inhibiting an immune system signaling chemical called interleukin-5. GSK drug halves attacks in hard-to-treat asthma 2012-08-16T23:02:25Z Thus it is evident from a number of various facts, that the eosinophil cells found in the tissues are not formed there, but have immigrated from the blood-stream. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological Some leukocytes, such as the eosinophil and neutrophil, are characterized as granular leukocytes. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z The observation of Canon is worthy of attention, that the increase of the eosinophils is connected with the degree of extension of the disease, rather than with its nature or local intensity. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological For, as has been seen in the ordinary polynuclear leucocytes, the immigrated polynuclear eosinophils may similarly change to mononuclear cells; they may perhaps settle down, and approximate to the character of fixed connective tissue cells. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological By this hypothesis we can easily understand eosinophil leucocytosis, the presence of eosinophil cells in exudations and secretions, and the local accumulation of this kind of cell. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological From amongst the clinical phenomena capable of throwing light on this subject we mention once more the fact, that the metabolic products of bacteria repel the eosinophil cells. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological Some eosinophil granules contain molecules toxic to parasitic worms, which can enter the body through the integument, or when an individual consumes raw or undercooked fish or meat. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z In a case of acute widely distributed urticaria, A. Lazarus found the eosinophils increased to 60% of the leucocytes, a number which after the course of a few days again sank to normal. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological Additional support for this view is seen in the fact that in bronchitis and asthma the less the suppurative element of the secretion is developed, the more numerous are the eosinophil cells. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological In these foci then, by the destruction of the epithelioid cells brought about by the tuberculin, substances must have been produced which act chemiotactically on the eosinophil cells. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological The well-known work of Müller and Rieder has more particularly given rise to this opposition, and thrown doubt on the diagnostic importance of the eosinophil cells. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological They are slightly smaller than neutrophils and eosinophils at 8–10 µm in diameter. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z During the real reaction period the number of eosinophil cells sinks, and only goes up again after the termination of the fever. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological Now we know that in sepsis the number of eosinophil cells is enormously diminished, so that Zappert, in five cases of this nature, was unable to recognise any eosinophils in the blood. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological This however was according to Ehrlich's system impossible owing to the complete absence of eosinophil cells. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological Hence it follows that the mast cells undergo an increase in number relatively greater than the eosinophil cells, for they normally amount only to some 0.28%. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological Cells of the immune system, such as eosinophils and mononuclear cells, may also be involved in infiltrating the walls of the bronchi and bronchioles. Anatomy and Physiology 2013-06-19T00:00:00Z Besides these he describes a case of lymphosarcoma of the neck with metastases in the bone-marrow, in which an unexampled increase of the white blood corpuscles, and especially of the eosinophil cells was found. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological The preponderance of polynuclear and the small number of eosinophil cells is readily explainable from the septic infection; on the other hand the absence of granules in the mononuclear cells is most surprising. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological It is indeed supported by a further observation of Jolly on the mononuclear eosinophil cells of the marrow. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological Examination of dry specimens from the same case shewed, as Jolly expressly mentioned, that the blood contained, as leukæmic blood always does, polynuclear and mononuclear eosinophil cells. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological The substances which attract the mast cells are very rarely produced in the body; much more seldom than the corresponding substances attractive for the eosinophils. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological The chief reason for this assumption, these authors see in the fact, that the majority of the eosinophils in the bone-marrow are mononuclear, whilst those of normal blood possess a polymorphous nucleus. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological On the presence of iron in the granules of the eosinophil leucocytes. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological Occasionally a stain is desirable which only brings out, but in a characteristic manner, a special kind of cell, e.g. the eosinophils, mast cells, or bacteria. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological The nuclei and the mast cell granulations stain deep blue, malaria plasmodia light sky blue, red corpuscles and eosinophil granules a fine red. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological The mast cell granulations are stained pure blue, the eosinophil red, the neutrophil in mixed colour. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological The bullæ which appear in this dermatosis contain, so long as their contents are clear, chiefly polynuclear eosinophil cells. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological With faint staining, a thin peripheral layer of the eosinophil granule is seen more deeply stained than the interior. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological The size of the eosinophils frequently exceeds that of the neutrophils. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological They constitute the eosinophil analogue of the previous group, and are much larger than the polynuclear eosinophils; medium and small sized examples are often found in leukæmia. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological We are here excepting completely the variations in size which particularly affect the polynuclear and eosinophil cells, and which lead to dwarf and giant forms of them. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological In the pemphigus bullæ a substance is present that chemiotactically attracts the eosinophils. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological Their granules stain red in eosine and in eosine-methylene blue solutions, but the colour is different from that of the true eosinophil cells, and much less intense. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological The eosinophil cells are completely excluded from this classification. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological This granulation, which Ehrlich had previously found in the rabbit, is easily distinguishable from the true eosinophil, since it is much finer, and stains quite differently in eosine-aurantia-nigrosin mixtures. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological The true eosinophil granulation remains, on the other hand, quite unchanged under these conditions. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological One must therefore assume that within the bronchial tree there exists material which attracts the eosinophils. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological In their general appearance, in the size of the cell and the granulation, they completely correspond to the eosinophil cell. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological The increase of the eosinophil cells, which constantly makes its appearance in the second year after the operation, is highly interesting, and leads to a really enormous rise in their absolute and relative numbers. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological Investigation showed a considerable lymphæmia: the bulk of the lymphocytes belonged to the larger kinds: the eosinophil cells were certainly not increased. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological The eosinophil cells oscillate at this period about the upper normal limit. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological Noorden records that the eosinophil cells are more numerous about the time of an attack. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological The eosinophil and mast cells were plainly increased. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological The eosinophils on the contrary were increased distinctly, the mast cells to a lesser extent. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological The eosinophils on the other hand shew a marked relative reduction in this condition. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological Here also the same process of ripening can be seen in the polynuclear eosinophil leucocytes. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological That the increase of the eosinophil cells in this instance is directly connected with the attacks, and is not the expression of a permanent constitutional anomaly, is shewn by a case in which v. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological Analogous observations may be made in the eosinophil cells of man and animals, and in the neutrophils of man. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological It is particularly easy to observe this point in eosinophil cells. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological The same differences are found more sharply marked in leukæmia even in the circulating blood, in the neutrophil as well as in the eosinophil group. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological Arnold, explain this double staining of the eosinophil cells by the presence of eosinophil and mast cell granulation side by side. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological To the Müller-Rieder hypothesis, and the chemiotactic theory of eosinophil leucocytosis a third has lately been added, which may be shortly called the hypothesis of the local origin of the eosinophil cells. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological That this is certainly not the case is shewn by the fact that the "basophil" granulation of the eosinophil cells does not in metachromatic staining shew the metachromasia characteristic for the mast cells. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological The eosinophil granulation reaches its greatest size in the horse, where really gigantic examples are found. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological The contrary assertions that neutrophil and eosinophil, or eosinophil and mast cell granulations occur in the same cell Ehrlich regards as unfounded, from extensive researches specially directed to this point. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological With the aid of acids, for example, the pseudoeosinophil granules can be completely extracted from the cells, whilst the eosinophil granules remain whole under this process, and can now be stained by themselves. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological For if in the places in question substances are present which act chemiotactically on the eosinophil leucocytes, in the course of time marked accumulation must occur, without an increase of their number in the blood. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological As will be shewn in detail in the following chapter, neutrophil and eosinophil leucocytes behave quite differently in their susceptibility to chemiotactic stimulation. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological Still greater is the difference between the mast cells and the other two cell groups; for so far as present investigations go, they are quite uninfluenced by substances chemiotactic for the neutrophil or eosinophil cells. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological The most complicated granules of the blood are the eosinophil, which are, as has elsewhere already been mentioned, of a more complex histological structure. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological It should be mentioned that according to Barker the eosinophil granulations appear to contain iron. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological He found numerous eosinophil cells in the sputum of an asthmatic patient, but only neutrophil cells in an artificially produced suppuration of the skin. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological Kanthack and Hardy have succeeded in demonstrating the secretory nature of the eosinophil granules of the frog. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological When, for example, anthrax bacilli are introduced into the dorsal lymph sac of the frog they exert a positive chemiotaxis on the eosinophil cells. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological The eosinophil cells are as a rule diminished in ordinary polynuclear leucocytosis, as Ehrlich had already mentioned in his first communication. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological A few diseases shew, besides the neutrophil leucocytosis, an increase of the eosinophils as well, as we shall describe in detail in the next section. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological All the same, it should not be out of place to explain the possibilities that are given for a local origin of the eosinophil cells. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological Of great theoretical interest is the contrast between eosinophil and neutrophil cells. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological At the height of ordinary leucocytosis, the number of eosinophil cells is diminished often to disappearance; whilst during its decline they occur in abnormally high numbers. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological Our knowledge of eosinophil leucocytosis is still of comparatively recent date. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological By eosinophilia we understand an increase only of the polynuclear eosinophil cells in the blood. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological As a third possibility for the local origin of the eosinophil cells, their direct descent from neutrophil cells is conceivable, and is by many regarded as a kind of ripening. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological The increase of eosinophil cells is not always relative, but may be absolute. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological Canon was the first to notice that in a fairly large number of skin-diseases, especially in prurigo and psoriasis, the eosinophil cells are increased up to 17%. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological In a third case of Ankylostomiasis Zappert found no increase of eosinophil cells in the blood, nor the crystals in the fæces. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological It is well worthy of note that Leichtenstern was able to observe numerous eosinophil cells in the blood in those cases where Charcot's crystals were abundantly contained in the fæces. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological And this conclusion is strengthened by comparison with the behaviour of the mast cells, which are related to the eosinophils in many points, and only differ from them essentially in the nature of their granulation. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological In the post-febrile period, however, abnormally high values for the eosinophil cells are often found, or even a well-marked eosinophil leucocytosis, which generally attains but moderate degree. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological In the cachexia from tumours an increase of the eosinophil cells has been observed by various authors. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological On the origin of polynuclear eosinophil leucocytosis authors have put forward various theories, which we will here critically discuss in succession. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological Neusser found in a pemphigus patient, whose blood shewed a considerable increase of the eosinophils, that the contents of the pemphigus bulla consisted almost entirely of eosinophil cells. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological In the case of the mast cells, then, we see the conditions actually realised, which the supporters of the theory of the local origin of the eosinophil cells only assume. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological Hence the eosinophil cells only emigrate to those parts where a specific stimulating substance is present. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological Here it exercises a strong chemiotactic influence on the physiological storage depôt of the eosinophils, the bone-marrow; leading to an increase of the eosinophils of the blood to a greater or less degree. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological For we know from our observations on leucocytosis in infectious diseases that the bacterial stimulating substances act on the eosinophil cells rather in a negative than in a positive sense. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological And if ordinary sputum is not rich in eosinophils in spite of a marked eosinophilia of the blood, this only corresponds to our experience in general. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological We think we have shewn in the preceding paragraphs that the evidence, so far brought forward for a local origin of the eosinophil cells, does not withstand the objections that have been raised. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological First, the eosinophil cells might be the result of a progressive metamorphosis of the normal tissue cells. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological Secondly, it is conceivable, that isolated eosinophil cells, pre-existing in the tissues, should rapidly multiply, and so produce the local accumulation only. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological By the inductive method then we conclude that a local origin of the eosinophil cells can hardly come under discussion. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological A leucocytosis of mast cells, comparable with the eosinophil or neutrophil forms of leucocytosis, has not been demonstrated in the cases of Canon or other observers. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological Could we observe the genesis of eosinophil cells in organs usually free from them, it would be easier to clear up this question. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological On the other hand, the mast cells undergo a considerable increase in myelogenic leukæmia, in many cases equalling or even exceeding that of the eosinophils. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological The task now lies before us, to produce positive proof that the accumulations of eosinophil cells in the organs and secretions must be explained by emigration from the blood. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological Such appearances may readily give rise to the view that in this case the reverse nuclear metamorphosis has occurred; that is a progressive development from mononuclear eosinophil to polynuclear cells. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological The patient contracted a croupous pneumonia, and in the high febrile period of the disease the number of eosinophils sank to 6-7%, and rose again after the termination of the pneumonia to 54%. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological Michælis established the interesting fact, that on interrupting lactation in suckling guinea-pigs, in the course of a few days numerous eosinophil cells collect in the mammary glands, but not in the lumen of the canaliculi. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological Again, in all atrophic conditions of the gastric, intestinal and bronchial mucous membrane there occurs a local accumulation of eosinophil cells; further, this kind of cell is increased in the neighbourhood of carcinoma. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological We do not think we should assume on the evidence before us, that the substance which attracts the eosinophil cells is identical with the cause of the anæmia. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological To regard the presence of "eosinophil myelocytes" as absolute proof of the existence of a leukæmia is inadmissible, since they are occasionally present in small numbers in other diseases. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological For Ehrlich did not speak of a rise of the percentage of the eosinophil cells, but only of an increase in their absolute number. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological The eosinophil cells are further polynuclear, exactly corresponding to those of the blood, and therefore to be regarded as immigrants. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological Selecting from the seven cases in this paper, those where it is possible from the given data to obtain the absolute number of the eosinophil cells, we get the following results: Case 29 3.5% eos. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological That the absolute and relative number of eosinophil cells may markedly sink in certain complications of leukæmia, constitutes no exception to the law that the eosinophil cells are increased in myelogenic leukæmia. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological Generally they are equally or half as numerous as the eosinophils, occasionally they may exceed the latter in number. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological Jolly however was recently able to examine a specimen from a case of typical leukæmia, in which nearly all the eosinophil cells shewed active movement. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological Under certain conditions the mammary gland is capable of an internal secretion, by means of which substances are produced that are specifically chemiotactic for the eosinophil cells. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological In contrast then with all earlier observations, Jolly has demonstrated an active spontaneous movement of the mononuclear eosinophil cells. Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological |
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