| 单词 | electrolytic |
| 例句 | In contrast, Europe has an extensive network of clean energy, and as such is doing a lot of work in electrolytic hydrogen production. Sustainable energy for aviation: What are our options? 2023-09-20T04:00:00Z If they are placed in an electrolytic cell, dispersed particles will move toward the electrode that carries a charge opposite to their own charge. Chemistry 2019-02-14T00:00:00Z “But I think very quickly sectors like cement, electrolytic aluminum and steel will join.” China Opened a National Carbon Market. Here’s Why It Matters. 2021-07-16T04:00:00Z A small but growing number of new swimming pools use electrolytic chlorine generators to convert salt into chlorine. Chlorine shortage cancels swim lessons for California kids who need them most 2021-07-14T04:00:00Z At Boston Metal's research facility, the steelmaking process takes place inside a squat metal cylinder called an electrolytic cell. How steel might finally kick its coal habit 2021-02-08T05:00:00Z Together with oil and gas group OMV, it plans to build Austria’s largest solar power plant and start electrolytic hydrogen production. Carbon pricing inevitable for Austria: Verbund CEO 2019-10-15T04:00:00Z Describe the production of metallic aluminum by electrolytic reduction. Chemistry 2019-02-14T00:00:00Z They provided 9,000 liters of electrolytic drinks and 30,000 liters of water to keep athletes hydrated; and 12 tonnes of ice to cool them down. Hotter than Death Valley: Europe burns, sweats in record heat 2019-06-30T04:00:00Z In July last year, Nichicon pleaded guilty to fixing the prices of electrolytic capacitors sold in the United States and elsewhere and agreed to pay a $42-million fine. Singapore fines five electronics firms $14.7 million in biggest anti-c 2018-01-05T05:00:00Z These catalysts typically sit on the cathode, one of two electrodes in an electrolytic cell containing water. Feature: There’s too much carbon dioxide in the air. Why not turn it back into fuel? 2015-09-10T04:00:00Z “The electrolytic fluids in flow cells—usually metallic salts in aqueous solutions, are pumped from tanks through the cell.” Salt water powers all-electric supercar 2014-09-09T04:00:00Z The major method for preparing fluorine is electrolytic oxidation. Chemistry 2019-02-14T00:00:00Z This would be easily explained if it were ascertained that the process going on in an exhausted vessel is of an electrolytic nature. The inventions, researches and writings of Nikola Tesla With special reference to his work in polyphase currents and high potential lighting 2012-03-28T02:00:22.660Z In July last year, Nichicon pleaded guilty to fixing the prices of electrolytic capacitors sold in the United States and elsewhere and agreed to pay a $42-million fine. Singapore fines five electronics firms $14.7 million in biggest anti-c 2018-01-05T05:00:00Z There are always at least two quotations every day on copper, one being on "lake" and another on "electrolytic". The Business of Mining A brief non-technical exposition of the principles involved in the profitable operation of mines 2012-02-18T03:00:17.387Z In this manner, the appearance of the secondary sparks can be varied from the thin snappy sparks given by the hammer break to the thick flame-like arc sparks given by the electrolytic break. Hertzian Wave Wireless Telegraphy 2012-01-09T03:00:20.570Z Chlorine is also a product of the electrolytic production of metals such as sodium, calcium, and magnesium from their fused chlorides. Chemistry 2019-02-14T00:00:00Z In carrying out this idea Mr. Tesla employs an electrolytic cell, through which extend two conductors parallel and in close proximity to each other. The inventions, researches and writings of Nikola Tesla With special reference to his work in polyphase currents and high potential lighting 2012-03-28T02:00:22.660Z In order to render copper plates which are used in printing more durable, they can be covered with an electrolytic deposit of iron which possesses an unusual degree of hardness almost superior to steel. Scientific American, Vol. XXXVII.?No. 2. [New Series.], July 14, 1877 A Weekly Journal Of Practical Information, Art, Science, Mechanics, Chemistry, And Manufactures 2012-01-05T03:00:29.743Z Conspicuous in this field are the improvements that have been effected in cyanidation, electrolytic amalgamation and extraction, and flotation. The Business of Mining A brief non-technical exposition of the principles involved in the profitable operation of mines 2012-02-18T03:00:17.387Z The third class comprises the electrolytic responders, in which the action of electric oscillations either promotes or destroys the results of electrolysis. Hertzian Wave Wireless Telegraphy 2012-01-09T03:00:20.570Z The vessel containing the liquid is known as an electrolytic cell. Hawkins Electrical Guide, Number One Questions, Answers, & Illustrations, A Progressive Course of Study for Engineers, Electricians, Students and Those Desiring to acquire a Working Knowledge of Electricity and its Applications 2011-12-24T03:07:54.823Z Or, is the process in the tube of an electrolytic nature? The inventions, researches and writings of Nikola Tesla With special reference to his work in polyphase currents and high potential lighting 2012-03-28T02:00:22.660Z Instead of the zinc shavings being used to precipitate the gold out of the solution, the process is electrolytic. Marvels of Scientific Invention An Interesting Account in Non-technical Language of the Invention of Guns, Torpedoes, Submarine Mines, Up-to-date Smelting, Freezing, Colour Photography, and many other recent Discoveries of Science 2011-11-19T03:00:24.517Z The process has largely been displaced by electrolytic methods, but is still in use in most refineries as a step in electrolytic work. De Re Metallica, Translated from the First Latin Edition of 1556 2011-11-16T03:00:21.977Z The inference was drawn that the "resistance" is due to films of water adhering to the metallic particles through which electrolytic action occurs. Hertzian Wave Wireless Telegraphy 2012-01-09T03:00:20.570Z The terms usually apply to conductors leading the current through a liquid or gas, as an electrolytic cell, or vacuum tube. Hawkins Electrical Guide, Number One Questions, Answers, & Illustrations, A Progressive Course of Study for Engineers, Electricians, Students and Those Desiring to acquire a Working Knowledge of Electricity and its Applications 2011-12-24T03:07:54.823Z If such process takes place in reality, then again must we take refuge in high frequencies, for, with such, electrolytic action should be reduced to a minimum, if not rendered entirely impossible. The inventions, researches and writings of Nikola Tesla With special reference to his work in polyphase currents and high potential lighting 2012-03-28T02:00:22.660Z Consequently thousands of tons of "electrolytic" copper, as it is termed, are produced every year. Marvels of Scientific Invention An Interesting Account in Non-technical Language of the Invention of Guns, Torpedoes, Submarine Mines, Up-to-date Smelting, Freezing, Colour Photography, and many other recent Discoveries of Science 2011-11-19T03:00:24.517Z Many variations of the electrolytic process as above outlined have been suggested. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 12, Slice 2 "Gloss" to "Gordon, Charles George" 2011-10-31T02:00:28.703Z All the receivers of the coherer type and electrolytic type give no indications that are at all proportional to the energy of the incident wave. Hertzian Wave Wireless Telegraphy 2012-01-09T03:00:20.570Z First, there is little evidence of electrolytic differentiation in the rocks. Climatic Changes Their Nature and Causes 2011-10-28T02:00:24.840Z In 1890 another competitor to the Leblanc process was introduced when caustic and chlorine were produced in Germany by electrolytic methods. Chlorination of Water 2011-09-13T02:00:32.243Z Since the ions carry definite charges, it follows that the amounts of the initial products of an electrolytic action are in the ratio of their chemical equivalents. The New Gresham Encyclopedia Volume 4, Part 2: Ebert to Estremadura 2011-04-14T02:00:56.200Z The methods of parting can be classified into “dry,” “wet” and electrolytic methods. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 12, Slice 2 "Gloss" to "Gordon, Charles George" 2011-10-31T02:00:28.703Z Another form of electrolytic break was introduced by Mr. Caldwell. Hertzian Wave Wireless Telegraphy 2012-01-09T03:00:20.570Z Dumas used to show the experiment of blowing out a candle with electrolytic gas. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 10, Slice 4 "Finland" to "Fleury, Andre" 2011-03-20T02:00:30.697Z The discovery of electrolytic hypochlorites dates back to 1859, when Watt found that chlorides of the fixed alkalies and alkaline earths yielded hypochlorites on being submitted to the action of an electrical current. Chlorination of Water 2011-09-13T02:00:32.243Z In this way electrodes are spoken of in connection with electric furnaces, electric welding appliances, vacuum tubes, and mercury vapour lamps, although the actions are not electrolytic. The New Gresham Encyclopedia Volume 4, Part 2: Ebert to Estremadura 2011-04-14T02:00:56.200Z The electrolytic parting of gold and silver has been shown to be more economical and free from the objections—such as the poisonous fumes—of the sulphuric acid process. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 12, Slice 2 "Gloss" to "Gordon, Charles George" 2011-10-31T02:00:28.703Z Another effect of an electric current is electrolysis, and the phenomena of electrolytic conduction involve not merely the ionization of the compounds, but also the setting in motion of the ions towards their respective poles. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 9, Slice 3 "Electrostatics" to "Engis" 2011-02-06T03:00:53.093Z Since that date other processes have been devised and the electrolytic processes have entirely replaced the older methods of reduction with sodium. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 9, Slice 2 "Ehud" to "Electroscope" 2011-01-29T03:00:23.777Z If the corrosion of pipes is considered according to the electrolytic theory, a slight increase, due to an increased electrical conductivity, might be anticipated. Chlorination of Water 2011-09-13T02:00:32.243Z The former method of utilizing the energy embraces electrothermal processes, and the latter method, electrolytic processes. The New Gresham Encyclopedia Volume 4, Part 2: Ebert to Estremadura 2011-04-14T02:00:56.200Z Electrolytic Processes.—The electrolytic separation of the gold from cyanide solutions was first practised in the Transvaal. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 12, Slice 2 "Gloss" to "Gordon, Charles George" 2011-10-31T02:00:28.703Z But a certain number of molecules do not dissociate, and hence in an electrolytic solution there are neutral molecules, anions and kations. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 9, Slice 3 "Electrostatics" to "Engis" 2011-02-06T03:00:53.093Z An interesting relation appears when the electrolytic conductivity of solutions is compared with their chemical activity. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 9, Slice 2 "Ehud" to "Electroscope" 2011-01-29T03:00:23.777Z The earliest electrolytic installation on this continent was operated at Brewster, N. Y., in 1893 and since that date several plants have been erected where local conditions conduced to economical operation. Chlorination of Water 2011-09-13T02:00:32.243Z It is in connection with the refining of metals that electrolytic processes become of prime importance. The New Gresham Encyclopedia Volume 4, Part 2: Ebert to Estremadura 2011-04-14T02:00:56.200Z It is applicable to any alloy, and is the best method for parting gold with the exception of the electrolytic method. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 12, Slice 2 "Gloss" to "Gordon, Charles George" 2011-10-31T02:00:28.703Z The spongy substance forming the electrode must be free from any trace of electrolytic substances. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 9, Slice 3 "Electrostatics" to "Engis" 2011-02-06T03:00:53.093Z But the ions of an electrolytic solution can move independently through the liquid, even when no current flows, as the consequences of Ohm’s law indicate. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 9, Slice 2 "Ehud" to "Electroscope" 2011-01-29T03:00:23.777Z Because of the absence of a base and the presence of chlorides, electrolytic hypochlorite cannot be stored for more than a few hours without appreciable loss of titre. Chlorination of Water 2011-09-13T02:00:32.243Z This metal cannot be produced by direct electrolysis in aqueous solution, but is deposited electrolytically from a fused bath of cryolite, containing alumina in solution. The New Gresham Encyclopedia Volume 4, Part 2: Ebert to Estremadura 2011-04-14T02:00:56.200Z It is especially suitable to gold containing little silver and base metals—a character of Australian gold—but it yields to the sulphuric acid and electrolytic methods in point of economy. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 12, Slice 2 "Gloss" to "Gordon, Charles George" 2011-10-31T02:00:28.703Z The area of introduction can be exactly circumscribed by cutting a hole in a sheet of adhesive plaster which is applied to the skin and on which the electrolytic electrodes are pressed. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 9, Slice 3 "Electrostatics" to "Engis" 2011-02-06T03:00:53.093Z This view of the nature of electrolytic solutions at once explains many well-known phenomena. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 9, Slice 2 "Ehud" to "Electroscope" 2011-01-29T03:00:23.777Z Since 1889 when Webster first proposed the use of electrolysed sea-water as a disinfectant, various attempts have been made to introduce electrolytic hypochlorites for the bactericidal treatment of water and sewage. Chlorination of Water 2011-09-13T02:00:32.243Z This occurs in many cases, and where it occurs the final product is different from that first produced by the electrolytic action. The New Gresham Encyclopedia Volume 4, Part 2: Ebert to Estremadura 2011-04-14T02:00:56.200Z Taiwan supplies 30 per cent of the world's electrolytic capacitors and most of the big PC manufacturers get their machines assembled in Taiwan. How a stolen capacitor formula ended up costing Dell $300m 2010-06-29T16:25:00Z The great advantage of electrolytic methods is that it enables general treatment to be replaced by a strictly local treatment, and the cells can be saturated exactly to the degree and depth required. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 9, Slice 3 "Electrostatics" to "Engis" 2011-02-06T03:00:53.093Z Arrhenius has pointed out that the coefficient of affinity of an acid is proportional to its electrolytic ionization. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 9, Slice 2 "Ehud" to "Electroscope" 2011-01-29T03:00:23.777Z Similar results were obtained on the addition of ammonia to electrolytic hypochlorite. Chlorination of Water 2011-09-13T02:00:32.243Z The production of electrolytic zinc from solutions has been encouraged as a result of the shortage of pure zinc for war purposes, and several processes have been developed. The New Gresham Encyclopedia Volume 4, Part 2: Ebert to Estremadura 2011-04-14T02:00:56.200Z Copper.—The fire assay for copper ores was abandoned years ago and the electrolytic method took its place; this in turn is now largely replaced by volumetric methods. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 2, Slice 7 "Arundel, Thomas" to "Athens" One of the latest advances is the treatment of ankylosed joints by the electrolytic method, the electrolyte used being chloride of sodium, and the marvellous results being attributed to the introduction of the chlorine ions. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 9, Slice 3 "Electrostatics" to "Engis" 2011-02-06T03:00:53.093Z Kohlrausch formulated a theory of electrolytic conduction based on the idea that, under the action of the electric forces, the oppositely charged ions moved in opposite directions through the liquid, carrying their charges with them. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 9, Slice 2 "Ehud" to "Electroscope" 2011-01-29T03:00:23.777Z Claims have been made that electrolytic hypochlorite is more efficient as a germicide than bleach when compared on the basis of their available chlorine content but no evidence of it has been produced. Chlorination of Water 2011-09-13T02:00:32.243Z If this were not so, the electrolytic action would soon cease, since there would be no ions left to move towards the electrodes. The New Gresham Encyclopedia Volume 4, Part 2: Ebert to Estremadura 2011-04-14T02:00:56.200Z In the electrolytic method from 0.5 to 5 grammes of ore are treated in a flask or beaker, with a mixture of 10 cc. of nitric and 10 cc. of sulphuric acid, until thoroughly decomposed. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 2, Slice 7 "Arundel, Thomas" to "Athens" Old cases of rheumatic scleritis, entirely unaffected by the routine treatment of salicylates and iodide, have often cleared up entirely under electrolytic treatment. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 9, Slice 3 "Electrostatics" to "Engis" 2011-02-06T03:00:53.093Z Moreover, a study of the chemical relations of electrolytes indicates that it is always the electrolytic ions that are concerned in their reactions. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 9, Slice 2 "Ehud" to "Electroscope" 2011-01-29T03:00:23.777Z These are primarily due to variations in the graphite electrodes used in the electrolytic process for the manufacture of chlorine from salt. Chlorination of Water 2011-09-13T02:00:32.243Z The electrolytic action of the current is the same at all parts of the circuit. The New Gresham Encyclopedia Volume 4, Part 2: Ebert to Estremadura 2011-04-14T02:00:56.200Z On this foil the copper in the solution is all precipitated by electrolytic action in a few minutes, and the aluminium is dissolved by the addition of an excess of sulphuric acid. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 2, Slice 7 "Arundel, Thomas" to "Athens" The latter concern employs the Townsend Cell, for the manufacture of electrolytic potash, and are said to have a capacity for making 64 tons of alkali daily. Soap-Making Manual A Practical Handbook on the Raw Materials, Their Manipulation, Analysis and Control in the Modern Soap Plant. There is a third class of operations, exemplified by the manufacture of calcium carbide, in which electricity is employed solely as a heating agent; these are termed electrothermal, as distinguished from electrolytic. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 9, Slice 2 "Ehud" to "Electroscope" 2011-01-29T03:00:23.777Z To him is due the establishment of the theory of electrolytic dissociation, supplying a reasonable explanation of many chemical phenomena otherwise insoluble. The New Gresham Encyclopedia. Vol. 1 Part 2 Amiel to Atrauli The electrolytic receiver, owing to the absence of mechanical and electro-magnetic inertia, is capable of recording signals at a very high speed indeed. Wireless Transmission of Photographs Second Edition, Revised and Enlarged 1919 The various electrolytic combinations may be represented by the following symbols:— Salts = MR. The Mechanism of Life The determining factors in this phase of electrotyping are the composition of the electrolytic bath, its temperature, and the current density applied. From Xylographs to Lead Molds; A.D. 1440-A.D. 1921 In ordinary electrolytic work only the continuous current may of course be used, but in electrothermal work an alternating current is equally available. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 9, Slice 2 "Ehud" to "Electroscope" 2011-01-29T03:00:23.777Z He subsequently extended the application of the electrolytic theory to the phenomena of atmospheric electricity. The New Gresham Encyclopedia. Vol. 1 Part 2 Amiel to Atrauli The electrolytic system is perhaps the easiest to isochronise, as the received picture is visible. Wireless Transmission of Photographs Second Edition, Revised and Enlarged 1919 Thus by employing vaseline, oil, or glycerine as a solvent, and avoiding the access of water, we are able to use electrolytic antiseptics in very concentrated form. The Mechanism of Life Neither will stereotype metal poured by gravity against a paper matrix mold be as sharp and deep as copper deposited electrolytically on a wax mold. From Xylographs to Lead Molds; A.D. 1440-A.D. 1921 This consists of an electrolytic cell in which one of the electrodes is an exceedingly fine point. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 9, Slice 2 "Ehud" to "Electroscope" 2011-01-29T03:00:23.777Z The earliest is that of Quincke, who coated a glass grating with a chemical silver deposit, subsequently thickened with copper in an electrolytic bath. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 8, Slice 4 "Diameter" to "Dinarchus" The detector D is of the carborundum crystal or electrolytic pattern. Wireless Transmission of Photographs Second Edition, Revised and Enlarged 1919 Arrhenius, in 1885, advanced the hypothesis that the apparent increase in the number of molecules of an electrolytic solution was also due to dissociation. The Mechanism of Life This conveyor carries the cases edge-wise through the electrolytic bath between two rows of anodes which are four inches apart. From Xylographs to Lead Molds; A.D. 1440-A.D. 1921 Very sensitive ones can be made by using springs of very fine silver wire coated electrolytically with nickel. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 9, Slice 2 "Ehud" to "Electroscope" 2011-01-29T03:00:23.777Z It is best to commence the electrolytic thickening in a silver acetate bath. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 8, Slice 4 "Diameter" to "Dinarchus" The method which is now going to be described is very ingenious, as it makes use of what is known as an electrolytic receiver. Wireless Transmission of Photographs Second Edition, Revised and Enlarged 1919 Nernst has shown that there is a difference of electric potential at the surface of contact of two electrolytic solutions of different degrees of concentration. The Mechanism of Life Pell remembered that he had won fame some time ago by discovering the electrolytic enzyme in the thought process. Brink of Madness Ferric sulphate is only used as an auxiliary to the weathering process and in an electrolytic process. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 7, Slice 3 "Convention" to "Copyright" For the bibliography of electrolytic conduction see Electrolysis. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 6, Slice 8 "Conduction, Electric" Medellin, the capital of Antioquia, is provided with an electrolytic refining establishment, several assaying laboratories, and a mint. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 6, Slice 6 "Cockaigne" to "Columbus, Christopher" The various chemical reactions of an electrolyte are all ionic reactions, the chemical activity of an electrolytic solution being proportional to its electric conductivity, i.e. the degree of dissociation of its ions. The Mechanism of Life Arrhenius, who made it the basis of the theory of electrolytic dissociation. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 6, Slice 4 "Cincinnatus" to "Cleruchy" This increase in value permits of copper with not over �2 or $10 worth of the precious metals being profitably subjected to electrolytic treatment. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 7, Slice 3 "Convention" to "Copyright" The fourth class, namely the electrolytic conductors comprises all those substances which undergo chemical decomposition when they form part of an electric circuit traversed by an electric current. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 6, Slice 8 "Conduction, Electric" Sodium hypochlorite can be prepared by the electrolysis of brine solution in the presence of carbon electrodes, having no diaphragm in the electrolytic cell, and mixing the anode and cathode products by agitating the liquid. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 6, Slice 3 "Chitral" to "Cincinnati" The acidity of an electrolytic solution is due to the presence of the dissociated ion H+, and its strength is determined by the concentration of these free hydrogen ions. The Mechanism of Life The degree of electrolytic dissociation determines, therefore, the strength of acids, and a similar consideration leads to the same result for bases. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 6, Slice 1 "Châtelet" to "Chicago" The recovery of these valuable metals has contributed in no small degree to the expansion of electrolytic refining. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 7, Slice 3 "Convention" to "Copyright" They are discussed in section II., dealing with electrolytic conduction. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 6, Slice 8 "Conduction, Electric" The modern process consists in the electrolysis of a hot solution of potassium chloride, or, preferably, the formation of sodium chlorate by the electrolytic method and its subsequent decomposition by potassium chloride. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 6, Slice 3 "Chitral" to "Cincinnati" Biology is thus but a branch of the physico-chemistry of liquids; it includes the study of electrolytic and colloidal solutions, and of the molecular forces brought into play by solution, osmosis, diffusion, cohesion, and crystallization. The Mechanism of Life Now the degree of electrolytic dissociation changes with concentration in a regular manner, which is given by the law of mass-action. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 6, Slice 1 "Châtelet" to "Chicago" Perhaps the 25 microfarad, 12 volt electrolytic condenser could be used to feed the pigeons, substituting a breadcrumb capacitor in the sidewalk circuit. The Foreign Hand Tie The chemical phenomena are considered in the article Electrolysis; we are here concerned solely with the mechanism of this electrolytic conduction of the current. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 6, Slice 8 "Conduction, Electric" One of the connections to the atomic generator was badly corroded; a portion of the metal had been entirely eaten away, probably by the electrolytic action of the two dissimilar metals. The God in the Box He compares an electrolytic cell to a ballroom, in which are gyrating a number of dancing couples, representing the neutral molecules, and a number of isolated ladies and gentlemen representing the anions and cations respectively. The Mechanism of Life The quantitative precipitation of metals by the electric current, although known to Michael Faraday, was not applied to analytical chemistry until O. Wolcott Gibbs worked out the electrolytic separation of copper in 1865. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 6, Slice 1 "Châtelet" to "Chicago" The use of bauxite on a large scale as aluminum ore dated practically from the introduction of patented electrolytic methods of reduction in 1889. The Economic Aspect of Geology Thus it is evident that, considering the electrolytic cell as a whole, the passage of the current through it cannot conform to Ohm’s law. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 6, Slice 8 "Conduction, Electric" "Standard" has now become practically an arbitrary term peculiar to London, for the great bulk of copper dealt in is "electrolytic" valued considerably over "Standard." Principles of Mining Valuation, Organization and Administration Velocity of the Ions.—If the electrolytic cell is divided into two segments by means of a porous diaphragm, we shall find after a time an unequal distribution of the solute on the two sides. The Mechanism of Life They might have broken down some of the water electrolytically, to provide themselves with more oxygen to breathe. The Planet Strappers Small amounts are produced in New South Wales, Tasmania, New Zealand, Borneo, British Columbia, United States, India, and Spain; and as a by-product in the electrolytic refining of the Sudbury, Canada, nickel ores. The Economic Aspect of Geology The chemical and electrolytic aspects of these phenomena are treated in the article Electrolysis, but from our present point of view also it is evident that they are again of fundamental importance. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 6, Slice 8 "Conduction, Electric" New York prices are quoted in electrolytic and "Lake"; London's in "Standard." Principles of Mining Valuation, Organization and Administration The Chemical, Therapeutic, and Toxic Actions of Ions.—The chemical, therapeutic, antiseptic, and toxic actions of electrolytic solutions are almost exclusively due to ionization. The Mechanism of Life It will there be found that three of the currents—viz, the A B, the A C and the A D currents—are electrolytic: that is, dissolving by electric action. A Newly Discovered System of Electrical Medication Before the war German interests had a considerable control over the American copper industry through close working arrangements with electrolytic refineries. The Economic Aspect of Geology Both effects thus involve internal electromotive forces, and prevent the application of Ohm’s law to the electrolytic cell as a whole. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 6, Slice 8 "Conduction, Electric" Thin prisms were obtained by depositing metals electrolytically on glass surfaces coated with platinum. On Laboratory Arts It is a great mistake to estimate the medicinal activity of a solution of a salt of mercury, or indeed of any electrolytic solution, simply by its degree of molecular concentration. The Mechanism of Life Purification and Separation of Metals.—This electrolytic action is utilized in metallurgy for the purpose of producing pure metals, but it is more largely used to separate copper from its base. Electricity for Boys Cryolite is used today to form a molten bath in which the bauxite is electrolytically reduced to aluminum. The Economic Aspect of Geology Lastly, it is obvious that the employment of soda as the base opens out a new vista for developing the electrolytic processes of decomposing common salt. Researches on Cellulose 1895-1900 Thick rods of quartz may be treated for attachment by solder in the same way as glass was treated by Professor Kundt to get a foundation for his electrolytically deposited prisms. On Laboratory Arts My friend Dr. Lewis Jones has given a very vivid picture of the processes which go on in an electrolytic solution when an electric current is passing. The Mechanism of Life Purifying Water.—Advantage is taken of this electrolytic action, to purify water. Electricity for Boys Up to a short time ago electrolytic copper was selling at 20½ cents a pound, lead at 7 cents a pound, commercial zinc at 29½ cents a pound. New York Times Current History; The European War, Vol 2, No. 5, August, 1915 A sheet of zinc suspended in the water of a boiler will produce an electrolytic action and prevent scaling to a considerable extent. Practical Mechanics for Boys The reason for this unbelievable manifestation of energy was certainly somewhere in the solution, the electrolytic cell, or the steam-bath. The Skylark of Space The authors have no apologies to make for the extent to which they have made use of the theory of electrolytic dissociation. An Elementary Study of Chemistry Compounds.—Calcium hydride, obtained by heating electrolytic calcium in a current of hydrogen, appears in commerce under the name hydrolite. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 4, Part 4 "Bulgaria" to "Calgary" I showed him the machine that packed the wax into skins, and the cargo holds, and the electrolytic gills that extracted oxygen from sea water while we were submerged, and the ship's armament. Four-Day Planet One great industry there is making soda by the electrolytic process. Kelly Miller's History of the World War for Human Rights The two liquid masses in the separated chambers thus make perfect electrolytic contacts with the two faces A and B of the sheet of metal. Response in the Living and Non-Living The impressed side of the wax is coated with graphite and the impression is made the cathode in an electrolytic cell containing a copper salt in solution. An Elementary Study of Chemistry The electrolytic isolation of calcium has been carefully investigated, and this is the method followed for the commercial production of the metal. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 4, Part 4 "Bulgaria" to "Calgary" Nickel is also determined by electrolysis, as follows:—The nitric acid solution is rendered strongly ammoniacal, and placed under the electrolytic apparatus used for the copper assay. A Text-book of Assaying: For the Use of Those Connected with Mines. Castner then turned his attention to the electrolytic method of producing sodium by the use of the power of Niagara Falls, electric power. Creative Chemistry Descriptive of Recent Achievements in the Chemical Industries But if we interpose the galvanometer in the electrolytic part of the circuit, that is to say, at W, the same current will appear to flow in the opposite direction. Response in the Living and Non-Living Gold and silver are often present in small quantities in copper ores, and in electrolytic refining these metals collect in the muddy deposit on the bottom of the tank. An Elementary Study of Chemistry Metals separated from the ore by electricity are called electrolytic metals and are the purest obtainable. General Science Copper = 99.00% ____________________________________________ In the electrolytic assay of metals, alloys, precipitates, and other bodies rich in copper, the preliminary separation of the copper by sulphuretted hydrogen is unnecessary. A Text-book of Assaying: For the Use of Those Connected with Mines. The obstacle in the way of the electrolytic production of aluminum was, as I have said, because its compounds were so hard to melt that the current could not pass through. Creative Chemistry Descriptive of Recent Achievements in the Chemical Industries This would necessitate the adoption of some plan for keeping the electrolytic contacts at A and B absolutely invariable. Response in the Living and Non-Living Some industries depend upon electrolytic processes, while in others the electrical energy is used merely as a source of heat in electric furnaces. An Elementary Study of Chemistry Silver.—All solutions of silver salts, except the nitrate, and those containing a very large quantity of free nitric acid or nitrates, deposit electrolytically merely metallic silver. Scientific American Supplement, No. 441, June 14, 1884. Its presence may be detected in the estimation of the copper electrolytically, the platinum spiral becoming coated with a brown or black deposit of lead dioxide. A Text-book of Assaying: For the Use of Those Connected with Mines. For while he was perfecting the sodium process for making aluminum the electrolytic process for getting aluminum directly was discovered in Oberlin. Creative Chemistry Descriptive of Recent Achievements in the Chemical Industries A current—the current of injury—is found to flow in the nerve, from the injured to the uninjured, and in the galvanometer, through the electrolytic contacts from the uninjured to the injured. Response in the Living and Non-Living Distinguish clearly between the following terms: electrolysis, electrolyte, electrolytic dissociation, ions, solute, solvent, solution, saturated solution, and supersaturated solution. An Elementary Study of Chemistry To determine the manganese in peroxide electrolytically precipitated, it is heated to bright redness in the platinum capsule until the weight becomes constant. Scientific American Supplement, No. 441, June 14, 1884. It is lack of this length which prevents electrolytic damage to masses of structural metal in the earth. Cyclopedia of Telephony & Telegraphy Vol. 1 A General Reference Work on Telephony, etc. etc. The phenomena of electrolytic decomposition showed that there was a like close relation between these units and electricity. The Advance of Science in the Last Half-Century The energy necessary for the production of an ion is, in fact, according to Professor Rutherford and Professor Stark, something considerable, and it much exceeds the analogous force in electrolytic decomposition. The New Physics and Its Evolution Write the equations representing the reactions between ammonium hydroxide, and sulphuric acid and nitric acid respectively, in accordance with the theory of electrolytic dissociation. An Elementary Study of Chemistry The installation consists of five large electrolytic vessels, each of which is fitted up with five anodes and six cathodes arranged alternately. Scientific American Supplement, No. 841, February 13, 1892 The reasons are that such cables often are long, have a good conductor as the sheath-metal, and that metal dissolves readily in the presence of most aqueous solutions when electrolytic differences of potential exist. Cyclopedia of Telephony & Telegraphy Vol. 1 A General Reference Work on Telephony, etc. etc. It was as if in each electrolytic cell atoms of matter and atoms of electricity travelled together. Recent Developments in European Thought This charge is very near that which the study of the phenomena of ordinary electrolysis leads us to attribute to a univalent atom produced by electrolytic dissociation. The New Physics and Its Evolution The facts which have just been described in connection with solutions, together with many others, have led chemists to adopt a theory of solutions called the theory of electrolytic dissociation. An Elementary Study of Chemistry The anodes and cathodes in each vessel are connected up in parallel similar to an ordinary storage battery, but the five electrolytic vessels are connected up in series. Scientific American Supplement, No. 841, February 13, 1892 The electrolytic reaction is probably therefore much more complicated than was at first considered to be the case. Scientific American Supplement, No. 832, December 12, 1891 Beyond the detection of mineral poisons, qualitative electrolysis can only offer attraction to analysts in special cases, and the data on the subject are to be found in the many electrolytic methods already published. Scientific American Supplement, No. 810, July 11, 1891 We must, however, guard against the belief that the gaseous ion is identical with the electrolytic ion. The New Physics and Its Evolution Silver is also refined by electrolytic methods similar to those used in refining copper. An Elementary Study of Chemistry See Discharge, electrolytic —— induction —— intensity —— —— varies for different bodies —— —— of chloride of lead —— —— chloride of silver —— —— sulphate of soda —— —— water —— —— its natural relation Electrolyzation , . Experimental Researches in Electricity, Volume 1 These acids are the electrolytic division products of lecithin. Valere Aude Dare to Be Healthy, Or, The Light of Physical Regeneration The chairman said that there was little doubt but that further investigation into electrolytic methods of chemical analysis would give even more valuable results than those already obtained. Scientific American Supplement, No. 810, July 11, 1891 It will also be useful, in order to avoid confusion, to restate with precision this notion of electrolytic ions, and to ascertain their magnitude, charge, and velocity. The New Physics and Its Evolution Two general methods of preparing chlorine may be mentioned, namely, the laboratory method and the electrolytic method. An Elementary Study of Chemistry There are many points of electrolytic discharge which ultimately will require to be very closely considered, though I can but slightly touch upon them. Experimental Researches in Electricity, Volume 1 This mixture forms a cement that is very adhesive after, as well as before, the electrolytic action. Scientific American Supplement, No. 455, September 20, 1884 In a transparent dielectric the conduction must be either electrolytic or disruptive, otherwise light vibrations would be damped. Scientific American Supplement, No. 795, March 28, 1891 The impelling force which causes an element to pass from the atomic to the ionic condition is termed !electrolytic solution pressure!, or ionization tension. An Introductory Course of Quantitative Chemical Analysis With Explanatory Notes The theory of electrolytic dissociation and the properties of solutions. An Elementary Study of Chemistry Another point is the facilitation of electrolytic conducting power or discharge by the addition of substances to the dielectric employed. Experimental Researches in Electricity, Volume 1 The tarnish is removed by the electrolytic action of the zinc on the aluminum and the silver, and the latter will take on a bright luster. The Boy Mechanic: Volume 1 700 Things for Boys to Do I next tried the effect of electrolytic action when iron salts were present, but did not think of using iron electrodes until after trying aluminum. Scientific American Supplement, No. 799, April 25, 1891 The decomposition of water by electrolytic action was recognized and made the basis of communicating at a distance even before the days of the electromagnet. Edison, His Life and Inventions The theory of electrolytic dissociation and the boiling and freezing points of solutions. An Elementary Study of Chemistry This may depend upon the degree of polarization which the particles require before electrolytic discharge commences. Experimental Researches in Electricity, Volume 1 Various methods were tested, such as the electrolytic decomposition of water, the decomposition of sulphuric acid by means of iron, the reaction between slaked lime and zinc, and so forth. Aeroplanes and Dirigibles of War Plante began his work on electrolytic polarization in 1859, his object being to investigate the conditions under which its maximum effects can be produced. The Project Gutenberg Encyclopedia Volume 1 of 28 It also had a measuring system for the current, employing the Edison electrolytic meter. Edison, His Life and Inventions On the fragments of the ore which extend up outside of the electrolytic bath is laid a plate of copper connected with the positive wire. Scientific American Supplement, No. 433, April 19, 1884 A second mode may be called electrolytic discharge; in it chemical action does occur, and particles must, to a certain degree, be displaced. Experimental Researches in Electricity, Volume 1 Corresponding laws were established for the heat evolved by the current passing in the electrolytic cell, and likewise for the heat developed in the cells of the battery itself. Scientific American Supplement, No. 363, December 16, 1882 But formed in this way it will not appear mixed with the active masses in the electrolytic paths, but more or less alone in the pores. The Project Gutenberg Encyclopedia Volume 1 of 28 Hence it was decided in December, 1882, to begin charging a price for the service, and, accordingly, Edison electrolytic meters were installed on the premises of each customer then connected. Edison, His Life and Inventions The electrolytic treatment of ores often renders it possible to separate the different metals which may be present. Scientific American Supplement, No. 433, April 19, 1884 These troughs were, however, so irregular that I could not always determine the circumstances affecting the amount of electrolytic action. Experimental Researches in Electricity, Volume 1 The electrolytic decomposition of the chlorides has not yet been successfully accomplished, so that prior to the operation it is necessary to convert them into sulphates. Scientific American Supplement, No. 299, September 24, 1881 Every man who had fallen was covered with a film of the precious metal, as if he had been dipped into an electrolytic bath. The Moon Metal Hence the Edison electrolytic meter is no longer used, despite its excellent qualities. Edison, His Life and Inventions The author lays down general principles for electrolytic metallurgy. Scientific American Supplement, No. 433, April 19, 1884 The electric current depends altogether upon the second of these; but when the current can pass, by favouring the electrolytic action it tends to diminish the former and increase the latter portion. Experimental Researches in Electricity, Volume 1 Ever since the electrolytic method for the estimation of copper came into general use, numerous chemists have endeavored to adapt this peculiarly simple and elegant method to the determination of other metals. Scientific American Supplement, No. 299, September 24, 1881 This method produces electrolytic oxygen and electrolytic hydrogen. Oxy-Acetylene Welding and Cutting Electric, Forge and Thermit Welding together with related methods and materials used in metal working and the oxygen process for removal of carbon The principle employed in the Edison electrolytic meter is that which exemplifies the power of electricity to decompose a chemical substance. Edison, His Life and Inventions The electrolytic bath should be as concentrated as possible to avoid sponginess of the metal and an escape of hydrogen. Scientific American Supplement, No. 433, April 19, 1884 I do not now think that the appearance of the sulphur at the negative electrode is an immediate consequence of electrolytic action. Experimental Researches in Electricity, Volume 1 The electrolytic separation of cobalt is much more easily and rapidly effected when the potassium oxalate is substituted by the corresponding ammonium salt, as the latter forms a soluble double salt with the cobalt compounds. Scientific American Supplement, No. 299, September 24, 1881 The electrolytic processes are not the mere experiments a brief description of them would indicate, but are among the important processes for the mechanical products of modern times. Steam, Steel and Electricity His electrolytic meter was very successful, and was of widespread use in America and in Europe until the perfection of mechanical meters by Elihu Thomson and others brought that type into general acceptance. Edison, His Life and Inventions In 1901, more than half of the output was in the form of graphitized electrodes employed in the production of caustic soda and bleaching salt, and in other electrolytic processes. Beacon Lights of History, Volume 14 The New Era; A Supplementary Volume, by Recent Writers, as Set Forth in the Preface and Table of Contents They are combining bodies; are directly associated with the fundamental parts of the doctrine of chemical affinity; and have each a definite proportion, in which they are always evolved during electrolytic action. Experimental Researches in Electricity, Volume 1 During the electrolytic decomposition, a separation of the peroxide was observed at the positive electrode, which, however, slowly disappeared. Scientific American Supplement, No. 299, September 24, 1881 A wiring diagram of the connections is shown at B. For Direct Current.—Where you have 110 volt direct current you must connect in an electrolytic interrupter. The Radio Amateur's Hand Book The electrolytic detector with the paste between the tin blocks belongs to the system of DeForest. Marvels of Modern Science Of the total output of, say, 55,000 horsepower at the Niagara Falls generating plant, no less than 23,200 horse-power is used in various electrolytic and electro-thermal processes in the immediate neighborhood. Beacon Lights of History, Volume 14 The New Era; A Supplementary Volume, by Recent Writers, as Set Forth in the Preface and Table of Contents After the first experimental investigations to establish the definite chemical action of electricity, I have not hesitated to apply the more strict results of chemical analysis to correct the numbers obtained as electrolytic results. Experimental Researches in Electricity, Volume 1 The electrolytic estimation of this element cannot be recommended. Scientific American Supplement, No. 299, September 24, 1881 An electrolytic interrupter can be bought for as little as $3.00. The Radio Amateur's Hand Book The rate of electrolytic conduction is, according to Wiedemann's theory, influenced by the same cause; and the conduction of heat in fluids depends probably on the same kind of action. Five of Maxwell's Papers Already more than one-half of the copper used in the arts is derived by electrolytic refining. The Story of Electricity Iodide of potassium was subjected to electrolytic action in a tube, like that in fig. Experimental Researches in Electricity, Volume 1 The following description of an electrolytic method of gold deposition from a cyanide solution was given by Mr. A. L. Eltonhead before the Engineers' Club of Philadelphia. Getting Gold: a practical treatise for prospectors, miners and students Don't try to operate your spark coil with 110-volt alternating lighting current without connecting in an electrolytic interrupter. The Radio Amateur's Hand Book There is strong cumulative evidence that all such particles possess the same charge, which is identical with that associated with a univalent atom in electrolytic liquids. Darwin and Modern Science To-day the production of electrolytic copper as an industry is second in importance only to the actual production of that metal. The Story of Electricity During all the time there was scarcely a trace of decomposing action of the fluoride, and what did occur, seemed referable to the air and moisture of the atmosphere, and not to electrolytic action. Experimental Researches in Electricity, Volume 1 Water, from its constitution and the nature of its elements, and from its frequent presence in cases of electrolytic action, has hitherto stood foremost in this respect. Experimental Researches in Electricity, Volume 1 As the electrolytic detector was cumbersome and required a liquid, the crystal detector which came into being shortly after was just as sensitive and soon displaced the former, even as this had displaced the coherer. The Radio Amateur's Hand Book I have endeavoured to divest myself of prejudices and to look for contradictions, but I have not perceived any in conductive, electrolytic, convective, or disruptive discharge. Experimental Researches in Electricity, Volume 1 The mints of the United States are now all equipped with electrolytic refining plants to produce the pure metal needed for coinage and they have proved most satisfactory and economical. The Story of Electricity Hence changes in the nature of the solution do not alter the constancy of electrolytic action upon water. Experimental Researches in Electricity, Volume 1 As the electrolytic production of copper is an industry of great present importance, so the production of iron and steel by electricity promises to be of the greatest future importance. The Story of Electricity In 1888 the electrolytic manufacture of aluminum was commenced in America and in the following year it was begun in Switzerland. The Story of Electricity While tin as yet has not yielded to electrolytic or electro-thermal methods with any success, the removal of tin from tin scraps and cuttings has been carried on with considerable success. The Story of Electricity |
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