| 单词 | alumina |
| 例句 | Owing to the high bandgap of alumina, the cooling ceramic keeps solar absorption to a minimum. New cooling ceramic can enhance energy efficiency for the construction sector and help combat global warming 2023-11-10T05:00:00Z The bauxite, alumina and aluminum products company reported weak third-quarter earnings. Netflix, Las Vegas Sands rise; Tesla, Alcoa fall, Thursday, 10/19/2023 2023-10-19T04:00:00Z Rio downgraded its expectations for refined copper production, alumina production, and output at its Canadian iron ore operations and warned of rising costs. Rio Tinto warns on global slowdown risks, production issues 2023-07-19T04:00:00Z Rio Tinto , said on Wednesday it would build a hydrogen plant in Gladstone, Queensland along with Japan's Sumitomo Corporation , as the miner seeks to minimise carbon emissions at its Yarwun alumina refinery in the region. Japan's wholesale inflation slows for 6th straight month 2023-07-12T04:00:00Z Australia, one of the largest non-NATO contributors to the West's support for Ukraine, has supplied aid and defence equipment and banned exports of alumina and aluminium ores, including bauxite, to Russia. Australia PM's Germany, NATO trip to focus on trade, security 2023-07-09T04:00:00Z China is the world's top aluminium producer and gallium is made during the processing of alumina into aluminium. Factbox: China's major germanium and gallium producers 2023-07-07T04:00:00Z Australians from other states know Western Australia for its remarkable wealth of natural resources, including iron ore, natural gas, gold, alumina and nickel. The Biggest, Darkest Sky in Australia 2023-04-21T04:00:00Z Australia, one of the largest non-NATO contributors to the West's support for Ukraine, has been supplying aid, ammunition and defence equipment and has banned exports of alumina and aluminium ores, including bauxite, to Russia. Australia sending drones to Ukraine, imposes more sanctions on Russia 2023-02-23T05:00:00Z It also has supplied defence equipment and humanitarian aid to Ukraine, while outlawing exports of alumina and aluminium ores, including bauxite, to Russia. Australia imposes sanctions on Iran, Russia over human rights violations 2022-12-09T05:00:00Z Australia, one of the largest non-NATO contributors to the West’s support for Ukraine, has been supplying aid and defence equipment and has banned exports of alumina and aluminium ores, including bauxite, to Russia. Australia to train Ukrainian troops, ship more armoured vehicles 2022-10-26T04:00:00Z It has also supplied defence equipment and humanitarian supplies to Ukraine, while outlawing exports of alumina and aluminium ores, including bauxite, to Russia. Australia rules out ban on Russian tourists as part of sanctions 2022-09-18T04:00:00Z Russian aluminium giant Rusal reported a 33% jump in first-half production costs on Friday, hit by a production halt at a refinery in Ukraine and Australia's ban on exports of alumina and bauxite to Russia. Indonesia defence minister Prabowo accepts party's nomination to run for president 2022-08-12T04:00:00Z Australia, one of the largest non-NATO contributors to the West's support for Ukraine, has been supplying aid and defence equipment and has banned exports of alumina and aluminium ores, including bauxite, to Russia. Australia PM to attend NATO summit 2022-06-17T04:00:00Z Russian aluminium producer Rusal has filed a lawsuit against global miner Rio Tinto , seeking to win back access to its 20% share of the alumina produced at a jointly owned refiner in Queensland. Cambodia's ruling party wins local commune elections but new opposition gains 2022-06-06T04:00:00Z Russian aluminium producer Rusal has filed a lawsuit against global miner Rio Tinto , seeking to win back access to its 20% share of the alumina produced at a jointly owned refiner in Queensland. Singapore PM appoints FinMin Wong as new deputy premier 2022-06-06T04:00:00Z Rio in April cut Rusal's access to production and management at the refiner under an Australian ban against exporting alumina and aluminium ores, including bauxite, to Russia. Russia's Rusal launches legal action against Rio Tinto over alumina refinery 2022-06-05T04:00:00Z It also supplies alumina and iron ore and is the only producer of high-grade aluminium in Kazakhstan. Commodities in 'perfect storm' says ERG, as crisis starts super cycle 2022-05-25T04:00:00Z It has also supplied defence equipment and humanitarian supplies to Ukraine, while banning exports of alumina and aluminium ores, including bauxite, to Russia. Australia imposes more sanctions on Russian state-owned enterprises 2022-04-14T04:00:00Z Tariffs will be scrapped on sheep meat, wool, copper, coal, alumina, fresh Australian rock lobster, and some critical minerals and non-ferrous metals to India. Australia, India sign trade deal in virtual ceremony 2022-04-02T04:00:00Z Australia has supplied defence equipment and humanitarian supplies to Ukraine, as well as imposing a ban on exports of alumina and aluminum ores, including bauxite, to Russia. Ukrainian President Zelenskiy to address Australian parliament 2022-03-30T04:00:00Z While there is no concrete evidence that Russia is seeking Chinese alumina supplies, analysts say close ties, proximity and the size of the Chinese market make it a logical option. China faces challenges supplying Russia with alumina - analysts 2022-03-24T04:00:00Z A jump in alumina prices since the second half of 2021, as well as higher aluminium prices due to global tight supply, had shored up the company's performance, it said. Chalco's net profit hits 14-year high after surge in metals prices 2022-03-22T04:00:00Z "One possible outcome could be Chinese buyers purchasing alumina and redirecting sales via Eastern Russian ports." Australian alumina ban to disrupt Rusal aluminium output-WoodMac 2022-03-21T04:00:00Z “Russia relies on Australia for nearly 20 percent of its alumina needs,” the Australian government said in a joint statement from several ministries, including the prime minister’s office. Australia bans alumina exports to Russia, sources coal for Ukraine 2022-03-19T04:00:00Z It, too, has an alumina refinery joint venture with Rusal in Australia. Mining companies may pause growth plans amid Ukraine war, inflation 2022-03-03T05:00:00Z He said there was talk in the market of some tonnages of alumina booked to be shipped from China to Russia via eastern Russian ports. China faces challenges supplying Russia with alumina - analysts 2022-03-24T04:00:00Z The bauxite, alumina and aluminum products company reported strong fourth-quarter financial results. Alcoa, Casper rise; Regions Financial, Clorox fall 2022-01-20T05:00:00Z The bauxite, alumina and aluminum products company posted revenue of $3.11 billion in the period, also exceeding Street forecasts. Top banks report third-quarter profit; UnitedHealth earns $4.09 billion in 3Q 2021-10-14T04:00:00Z The world’s third-largest aluminium producer operates three bauxite mines and an alumina refinery in the coastal West African nation. Bauxite trains operated by Russian miner Rusal collide in Guinea, killing one 2021-09-20T04:00:00Z The bauxite, alumina and aluminum products company posted revenue of $2.83 billion in the period, which also topped Wall Street forecasts. Alcoa reports income of $309 million; Walt Disney Co. plans to build a new campus 2021-07-15T04:00:00Z Reuters could not independently verify any additional alumina shipments or planned shipments to Russia from China. China faces challenges supplying Russia with alumina - analysts 2022-03-24T04:00:00Z The vessel later returned to Iran carrying a cargo of alumina, a powder refined from bauxite that is used for manufacturing aluminum. Iranian ship arrives at Venezuelan port, data shows 2021-01-07T05:00:00Z Particles from vaporizing propellant tanks, computers, solar panels and other exotic materials will form around an 85-kilometer altitude then drift downward, accumulating in the stratosphere along with launch’s soot and alumina. An Underappreciated Danger of the New Space Age: Global Air Pollution 2020-11-06T05:00:00Z The bauxite, alumina and aluminum products company will restructure after giving investors a lackluster third-quarter financial report. Netflix and Alcoa post gains while IBM and Textron decline 2019-10-17T04:00:00Z Another division houses its investments in alumina company Jamalco and U.S. based oil and gas producer Harbour Energy and other businesses. Exclusive: Humbled Noble Group seeks to rebuild LNG, energy... 2019-08-21T04:00:00Z China exported 7,967 tonnes of alumina in the first two months of this year of which 698.6 tonnes went to Russia, according to Chinese customs data. China faces challenges supplying Russia with alumina - analysts 2022-03-24T04:00:00Z The refinery is the world’s largest, transforming bauxite from mines in Brazil into alumina, the material used for making aluminum at smelters owned by Hydro and others around the world. Brazil court lifts one of two embargoes on Norsk Hydro plant 2019-05-16T04:00:00Z The researchers did this by coating alumina plates with a fluorinated nonstick coating, similar to those found in nonstick cooking pans. These falling drops don’t splash—they spin 2019-03-05T05:00:00Z Production was likely spurred by new smelter openings late last year and higher utilization rates following a plunge in the cost of raw material alumina, said Helen Lau, an analyst at Argonaut Securities. China December aluminum production surges to record monthly high 2019-01-20T05:00:00Z Last year, there was as deficit of alumina, according to the company. Alcoa’s Fourth-Quarter Revenue In Line With Expectations 2019-01-16T05:00:00Z Other reasons for cutting the guidance were basis risk from alumina contracts and accounting treatment of its agriculture products, the presentation added. Glencore says cobalt contract "non-performance" hits outlook for... 2018-12-03T05:00:00Z The London-listed miner also narrowed the 2018 operating earnings forecast range for its trading division, and pointed to weakness in its alumina and cobalt businesses. Glencore hires new industrial mining chief, copper head steps down 2018-12-03T05:00:00Z Alunorte transforms bauxite into alumina, which is turned into aluminum at huge smelter. Brazil lawmakers slam Norsk Hydro, regulators for Alunorte leak 2018-11-13T05:00:00Z Alunorte transforms bauxite into alumina, which is turned into aluminum at huge smelters. Brazil court upholds partial shutdown at Hydro Alunorte alumina... 2018-11-07T05:00:00Z Alcoa AA 0.28% reported a profit of $43 million, or 23 cents a share, in the fourth quarter, as its bauxite and alumina segments produced higher profit despite weakness in commodity prices. Alcoa’s Fourth-Quarter Revenue In Line With Expectations 2019-01-16T05:00:00Z Alcoa is a major supplier of the feedstock, also known as alumina, to other aluminum producers. Alcoa Raises Profit Outlook as Tariffs Lift Aluminum Prices 2018-10-17T04:00:00Z Alcoa last year also won regulatory approval to ship 2.5 million tonnes of West Australian bauxite to third-party customers, on top of the production it supplies to feed its Western Australian alumina refineries. Alcoa braces for alumina strike vote in Western Australia 2018-09-04T04:00:00Z Rusal is a major supplier of alumina, a raw material used to produce aluminum, so global prices for alumina also shot up. Too big to sanction? U.S. struggles with punishing large Russian businesses. 2018-08-26T04:00:00Z In Australia, roughly 1,500 employees at alumina refineries and bauxite mines owned by Alcoa Corp. Labor Unrest Strikes Mining Giants 2018-08-09T04:00:00Z Alunorte transforms bauxite to alumina, which is turned into aluminum at huge smelters. Brazil studying possible social, environmental deal with Hydro 2018-07-26T04:00:00Z It takes around 3 tonnes of bauxite to produce 1 tonne of alumina, a chemical mixture used to make aluminum metal by running an electrical current through it. 'Avatar' tribe poses second challenge to Vedanta after deadly India... 2018-06-12T04:00:00Z Small pieces of soot and a chemical called alumina are created in the wakes of rocket launches. Why it’s time to study how rocket emissions change the atmosphere 2018-05-31T04:00:00Z The Askeaton company refines imported bauxite into alumina which is a major ingredient in the manufacturing of aluminum. Exclusive: Russia's Deripaska empire bets on mid-summer plan to... 2018-05-31T04:00:00Z “Since alumina accounts for 40% of aluminum smelter cash costs, a price spike would be likely to put upward pressure on aluminum’s price,” Ms. Bates said. Labor Unrest Strikes Mining Giants 2018-08-09T04:00:00Z The suspension of alumina deliveries risked halting Rio Tinto and Trimet’s aluminum smelting operations and hitting businesses throughout the metal’s supply chain. How Rusal escaped the noose of U.S. sanctions 2018-05-15T04:00:00Z Vedanta has environmental and other clearances in place to expand the refinery’s capacity to produce 6 million tonnes of alumina a year, said the executive, who declined to be named, citing company policy. 'Avatar' tribe poses second challenge to Vedanta after deadly India... 2018-06-12T04:00:00Z Rockets that run on solid propellants produce a higher amount of alumina particles, a combination of aluminum and oxygen that is white and reflective. Why it’s time to study how rocket emissions change the atmosphere 2018-05-31T04:00:00Z Hong Kong-listed Rusal lost almost 60 percent of its share value after the introduction of sanctions, while aluminum and alumina prices soared, hitting businesses around the world, including in the United States. Exclusive: Rusal to change board in bid to persuade U.S. to lift... 2018-04-27T04:00:00Z Bloomberg News reported that Rusal officials met Chinese companies and traders this week to discuss the possibility of buying alumina and selling aluminum in the Asian country. Wanted: New Home for a Lot of Russian Aluminum 2018-04-20T04:00:00Z Aluminum prices reached their highest since 2011, alumina touched an all-time peak and nickel jumped the most in 6-1/2 years. Resource stocks rally as oil surges, bonds suffer 2018-04-18T04:00:00Z The plant produced around 1.2 million tonnes of alumina in the last fiscal year, and has a current capacity of 2 million tonnes. 'Avatar' tribe poses second challenge to Vedanta after deadly India... 2018-06-12T04:00:00Z Whereas the soot acts like a black umbrella, the alumina acts like a white one, reflecting sunlight back into space. Why it’s time to study how rocket emissions change the atmosphere 2018-05-31T04:00:00Z These last year accounted for 53 percent of its output of raw material ore bauxite and 64 percent of production of semi-processed sister alumina. Sanctions batter Rusal's overseas supply chain, restructuring seen 2018-04-17T04:00:00Z He soon realized that simple table salt is more reflective than alumina, while also harmless to humans. A dusting of salt could cool the planet 2018-03-21T04:00:00Z The factory would mix the ore with chemicals and heat it to separate alumina from the ore — the first step in producing raw aluminum. Trump Condemns Chinese Factories. China Is Already Closing Some. 2018-03-13T04:00:00Z Authorities in late February ordered the plant, the world’s largest alumina refinery, to cut output in half until it addressed concerns, leading Hydro to declare force majeure with no time set to restart production. Norway's Hydro says Brazil plant made unauthorized spills 2018-03-11T05:00:00Z Right now, Ross estimates that rocket launches around the world inject 10 gigagrams, or 11,000 tons, of soot and alumina particles into the atmosphere each year. Why it’s time to study how rocket emissions change the atmosphere 2018-05-31T04:00:00Z Rio Tinto, which supplies bauxite to some of Rusal’s refineries and buys refined alumina, said it will declare force majeure on some contracts, showing the immediate impact on Rusal’s supply chain. Sanctions batter Rusal's overseas supply chain, restructuring seen 2018-04-17T04:00:00Z Many U.S. aluminum companies own bauxite and alumina facilities abroad. The Flaw in Trump’s National Security Tariffs Logic 2018-03-09T05:00:00Z Overseas alumina traders report a dearth of buying from Chinese smelters this year, suggesting no major restocking drive is underway. As winter curbs end, China's aluminum smelters face new reckoning 2018-03-04T05:00:00Z Authorities in late February ordered the plant, the world’s largest alumina refinery, to cut output in half until it addressed concerns, leading Hydro to declare force majeure with no time set to restart production. Norway's Hydro says Brazil plant made unauthorized spills 2018-03-11T05:00:00Z Alunorte is the world’s largest alumina refinery, transforming bauxite to alumina, which is turned into aluminum at giant smelters. No waste spilled from Brazil's Alunorte factory -Norsk Hydro 2018-02-25T05:00:00Z “Rusal’s international facilities are...under potential restructuring. The alumina and bauxite facilities...could therefore change hands,” the bank said in a research report. Sanctions batter Rusal's overseas supply chain, restructuring seen 2018-04-17T04:00:00Z The bauxite, alumina and aluminum products company also announced plans to freeze its pension, and switch 800 employees over to a defined contribution retirement plan starting in 2021. Alcoa reports deeper 4Q loss as restructuring continues 2018-01-17T05:00:00Z Overseas alumina traders report a dearth of buying from Chinese smelters this year, suggesting no major restocking drive is underway. As winter curbs end, China's aluminum smelters face new reckoning 2018-03-04T05:00:00Z However, fully appreciating the microphysics of alumina and other rocket emissions introduced into the atmosphere requires more research, he added. How Much Air Pollution Comes from Rockets? 2017-11-29T05:00:00Z Alunorte is the world’s largest alumina refinery, transforming bauxite to alumina, which is turned into aluminum at giant smelters. No waste spilled from Brazil's Alunorte factory -Norsk Hydro 2018-02-25T05:00:00Z The city of Luliang, a sprawling county-level municipality and a major producer of alumina, is also under pressure to reduce emissions by as much as 40 percent over the winter months. China's top coal province Shanxi to start winter pollution war early 2017-11-01T04:00:00Z The document also showed that Xinfa must reduce output at a 7-million-tonnes-per-year alumina refinery by the equivalent of 2.6 million tonnes per year, or some 37 percent, over the same period. Chinese city confirms Xinfa aluminum capacity cut 2017-10-20T04:00:00Z To produce aluminum, smelters run a powerful electrical current through the raw material, alumina. This remote factory is where Trump may finally draw the line on trade A recent finding, Ross said, is that alumina particles, previously thought to cool the Earth by scattering solar flux back to space, actually warm the planet, by absorbing outgoing terrestrial, long-wave radiation. How Much Air Pollution Comes from Rockets? 2017-11-29T05:00:00Z Aluminum maker Alcoa Corp. posted a loss and said its adjusted profit fell short of Wall Street expectations, even as increased alumina prices pushed sales higher. Alcoa Sales Climb on Improved Prices, Volume 2017-01-24T05:00:00Z The city of Luliang, a sprawling county-level municipality and a major producer of alumina, is also under pressure to reduce emissions by as much as 40 percent over the winter months. China's top coal province Shanxi to start winter pollution war early 2017-11-01T04:00:00Z The document also showed that Xinfa must reduce output at a 7-million-tonnes-per-year alumina refinery by the equivalent of 2.6 million tonnes per year, or some 37 percent, over the same period. Chinese city confirms Xinfa aluminum capacity cut 2017-10-20T04:00:00Z The complaint argues that "artificially cheap" state-directed loans and coal, electricity and alumina for the Chinese aluminum sector causes such prejudice by undercutting global prices and artificially expanding China's market share. U.S. launches WTO complaint over Chinese aluminum subsidies 2017-01-12T05:00:00Z In 2009, Vale’s Alunorte alumina refinery in the Brazilian Amazon leaked a toxic waste product known as red mud into a local river. Brazil’s Vale Cuts Waste Storage Expenditures 2016-10-28T04:00:00Z The company also said overall earnings in the latest quarter grew less than expected, as revenue also disappointed on lower alumina pricing and changes to aerospace delivery schedules. With Split Looming, Alcoa Reports Worse-Than-Expected Quarter 2016-10-11T04:00:00Z The sludge is a byproduct of alumina production at Pikalevo’s biggest industrial plant, and it used to feed production at an adjacent cement factory. Putin Took Credit for the Boom. Now There’s a Bust. 2016-05-02T04:00:00Z Operating earnings were $22 million as its alumina and aluminum businesses both remained profitable. Alcoa Results Hurt by Weak Aluminum Prices 2016-04-11T04:00:00Z The Alcoa name will be retained by the upstream business, which mines bauxite, refines alumina and smelts aluminum. Lord & Taylor to settle online-ads case with FTC 2016-03-15T04:00:00Z MAL Corp, the aluminum smelting company that owned the faulty alumina reservoir was taken over by the government, which declared it responsible for the incident and began to close it down. Hungary court acquits leaders of firm behind toxic spill 2016-01-28T05:00:00Z "We faced harsh headwinds with prices for alumina down 43 percent and aluminum down 28 percent," company chairman and CEO Klaus Kleinfeld said in a statement accompanying his company's earnings report. Will Corporate Earnings Be the Stock Market's Savior? 2016-01-14T05:00:00Z Mr. Volkov, who runs the alumina plant, said the cement factory’s antiquated equipment and plummeting demand for its products left it no hope of recovery. Putin Took Credit for the Boom. Now There’s a Bust. 2016-05-02T04:00:00Z In September, Alcoa announced it would split in two, spinning off its value-added aerospace and car parts business from its traditional aluminum smelting business that includes bauxite and alumina. Alcoa Posts Net Loss of $500 Million for Quarter 2016-01-11T05:00:00Z Just last week, Alcoa said it would close one of its biggest U.S. aluminum smelters and idle production at an alumina refining plant in Texas. Alcoa Reports 18% Drop in Revenue 2016-01-11T05:00:00Z Last Thursday, the company said it would permanently close one of the U.S.’s biggest aluminum smelters, Warrick Operations in Evansville, Ind., and curtail production at an alumina plant in Texas, eliminating 1,270 jobs. Alcoa Gets $1.5 Billion Supply Contract From GE 2016-01-11T05:00:00Z Harvey, 41, was previously the president of Alcoa's global primary products business, where he managed operations of the company's aluminum smelters, alumina refineries and bauxite mines. Roy Harvey to head Alcoa's smelting business, post split 2015-11-24T05:00:00Z The material belongs to a category known as oxide glasses, which mainly consist of silicon dioxide - but with their strength boosted by alumina. Scientists develop ultra-hard glass - BBC News 2015-11-03T05:00:00Z The scientists warn, however, that both alumina and diamond nanoparticles carry unknown risks. Climate scientists ponder spraying diamond dust in the sky to cool planet 2015-10-25T04:00:00Z Its commodities-led company will adopt the Alcoa name, and bring together its five major product lines—bauxite, alumina, aluminum, casting, and energy—under one corporate roof. Aluminum Giant Alcoa Is Splitting Into Two Companies 2015-09-28T04:00:00Z Aluminum and alumina made up 57% of its earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and amortization in the fiscal year ended June. China Sends South32 Even Further South 2015-08-24T04:00:00Z Grace & Co. and Chevron Products Co. will build a $135 million residue hydro-processing catalyst production plant and additional alumina capacity at the existing Grace manufacturing facility near Lake Charles. Jindal, company announce $135M expansion in Louisiana 2015-05-18T04:00:00Z The new material is thin as well as hard and is made using alumina, an oxide of aluminium. Scientists develop ultra-hard glass - BBC News 2015-11-03T05:00:00Z The fortunes of the company’s upstream aluminum and alumina production businesses are to a large extent dependent on aluminum prices. Alcoa Announces Refining Capacity Curtailments As Portfolio Transformation Continues 2015-03-26T04:00:00Z Noranda officials suspect the mercury is coming from the bauxite, the source rock from which the plant extracts up to 1.3 million tons of alumina annually. Plantation owners seeking answers about mercury pollution 2015-03-05T05:00:00Z The Port of Gladstone, Queensland's biggest multi-commodity port handling much of the state's coal, alumina, bauxite and natural gas shipments, said it was monitoring Marcia's movement and following procedures in place to deal with storms. Australia's northeast braces for double cyclone hit 2015-02-18T05:00:00Z The company’s results — especially those within the alumina business segment — were helped by higher aluminum pricing as well as foreign exchange rates that worked in its favor. With Fourth Quarter Earnings Beat, Alcoa Wraps Up Best Annual Operating Results Since 2008 2015-01-12T05:00:00Z On 29 November last year, Australian mining giant Rio Tinto announced it was mothballing alumina production at its refinery in Gove, Arnhem Land, directly making nearly one third of the town's population redundant. Can a mining town survive a shutdown? 2014-10-21T04:00:00Z In addition, the recent resurgence in aluminum prices will also positively impact the fortunes of the company’s upstream primary aluminum and alumina businesses . Value-added Businesses To Boost Alcoa's Q3 Results 2014-10-02T04:00:00Z The plant turns bauxite ore shipped from Jamaica into alumina, which supplies the company’s aluminum smelter in Missouri. Plantation owners seeking answers about mercury pollution 2015-03-05T05:00:00Z Alcoa’s upstream businesses are comprised of the Alumina segment, which mines bauxite and refines it to alumina, the precursor to aluminium, and the Primary Metals segment, which smelts alumina to aluminium. Value-Added Products to Offset Impact of Lower Aluminum Prices on Alcoa's Q2 Results 2014-07-03T04:00:00Z However, Citic Resources said it had not been able to locate more than half of its alumina, worth an estimated $43 million. Lawsuit Adds to Concern Over China Commodities Fraud 2014-06-27T04:00:00Z This is because the spot market for alumina is very thin. Alcoa Continues Strategic Shift Towards Value-Added Products With New Aerospace Facility 2014-06-03T04:00:00Z Twenty-seven citations and seven failure orders were issued at the Alcoa alumina factory in Point Comfort, Texas. 147 citations issued during MSHA mine inspections 2014-05-30T04:00:00Z This ratio is typically arrived at through negotiations between alumina refiners and aluminum smelters, who are the customers. Alcoa's Road Ahead 2014-05-19T04:00:00Z Despite such gains, the business of mining bauxite and converting it into alumina and aluminum hasn't been as buoyant. Alcoa Exile From DJIA Isn't So Painful 2014-04-08T06:45:57Z However, Alcoa will continue to operate a smelter in Portland, Victoria and also owns bauxite mining and alumina refining operations in Australia. Alcoa to close Australian smelter 2014-02-18T00:52:31Z With the oversupply expected to persist for aluminum, alumina prices are also expected to remain under pressure. Alcoa Continues Strategic Shift Towards Value-Added Products With New Aerospace Facility 2014-06-03T04:00:00Z I don’t know whether the people next door even know where their alumina is made. Apple's Indentured Servitude, I Pencil And The Socialist Calculation Problem 2013-11-08T16:25:00Z It will more fairly reflect the fundamentals of the alumina business in its own right, including the cost of raw materials and transportation. Alcoa's Road Ahead 2014-05-19T04:00:00Z Perhaps two removes, to alumina for sapphire production might be too much. Apple's Sapphire Deal And How To Use The Cash Pile As A Kickstarter In The Supply Chain 2013-11-06T15:17:00Z The substrate is a 1-micrometre-thick plastic foil; organic small molecules provide the semiconductor for the transistors; other organic molecules and alumina make up the insulating layers; and the electrodes are ultrathin aluminium. Plastic fantastic 2013-07-24T17:20:00.940Z However, even a move towards spot pricing for alumina is unlikely to raise realized prices for alumina dramatically. Alcoa Continues Strategic Shift Towards Value-Added Products With New Aerospace Facility 2014-06-03T04:00:00Z Department of Defense and now a consultant specializing in nuclear and missile-related technologies, says Iran is able to manufacture weapons grade ceramic composites using chemical alumina. Exclusive: Iran importing missile-grade ore from Germany, France 2013-07-02T11:29:47Z Over time, we expect the pricing to be driven by the demand-supply dynamics for alumina, rather than being linked to aluminum prices. Alcoa's Road Ahead 2014-05-19T04:00:00Z Mr. Soros’s company, with projects in 90 countries, either designed or expanded seven of the 10 largest bulk ports in the world for bauxite, alumina and coal as well as for iron ore. Paul Soros, Shipping Innovator, Dies at 87 2013-06-15T19:47:03Z The volume of major metals imports, including copper and alumina, fell at double-digit rates. China's economy stumbles in May, growth seen sliding in Q2 2013-06-09T21:11:15Z Two years ago it estimated that it controlled 38 percent of the "addressable" global market - a figure that excludes supplies that are not freely traded - of alumina, and 22 percent of aluminum. Exclusive: Glencore's top aluminum exec to leave, first exit since takeover-sources 2013-05-21T15:35:22Z "Whereas the export of aluminum ore - alumina - is not," the spokesman said. Exclusive: Iran importing missile-grade ore from Germany, France 2013-07-02T11:29:47Z Since January 2012, it has not exported any alumina, one of its main hard currency generators. Guinea on brink of chaos over long-delayed poll 2013-05-01T06:01:37Z Stubbornly low aluminum prices have weighed on the company's business of mining bauxite, refining it into alumina and smelting alumina to produce aluminum. Alcoa profit rises, but price concerns linger 2013-04-09T00:17:48Z Last month, Pacific Aluminium's Gove alumina refinery in Australia narrowly averted closure with the loss of 1,400 jobs after reaching an 11th-hour deal with the state government over cheap gas supplies for 10 years. Smelter stand-off clouds $5 bln NZ power privatisation 2013-04-08T20:59:55Z Unlike the other metal and mining divisions, there is no overlap with Xstrata in Glencore's aluminum business, which includes bauxite and alumina, raw materials for aluminum production. Exclusive: Glencore's top aluminum exec to leave, first exit since takeover-sources 2013-05-21T15:35:22Z Any European companies found selling alumina, for example, will face the full weight of U.S. law. Exclusive: Iran importing missile-grade ore from Germany, France 2013-07-02T11:29:47Z Resource companies in Australia received a boost after China's Citic Resources Holdings bought a minority stake in Alumina Ltd., a large Australian alumina refiner. Asian Shares Higher 2013-02-14T04:07:18Z Its alumina imports nearly tripled in 2012 from the year before. UPDATE 2-China's CITIC buys $467 mln stake in Australia's Alumina 2013-02-14T04:37:06Z Alcoa's core is its upstream business - mining bauxite, refining it to produce alumina, which is smelted into aluminum. Low aluminum price seen hurting Alcoa profit 2012-07-06T16:11:34Z That offset lower realized prices for aluminum and alumina, a material used in processing aluminum. Alcoa?s First-Quarter Earnings Surpass Estimates 2012-04-11T01:21:52Z One industry source said at present alumina made in Europe was reaching Iran via middlemen operating from the Middle East Gulf who transport the cargoes on barges from the United Arab Emirates. Exclusive: Iran importing missile-grade ore from Germany, France 2013-07-02T11:29:47Z Pertaining to or containing alum, or alumina; as, aluminous minerals, aluminous solution. Webster's Unabridged Dictionary 2012-03-24T02:00:23.513Z It is composed essentially of hydrous silicates of alumina, or more rarely of magnesia. Webster's Unabridged Dictionary (2nd 100 Pages) 2012-03-24T02:00:19.387Z Half an ounce of the neutral solution of bisulphate of alumina added to 200 gallons of water will precipitate the organic matter therein contained; the water may be then used freely for drinking purposes. Health, Happiness, and Longevity Health without medicine: happiness without money: the result, longevity 2012-03-22T02:00:38.537Z The hones yield on analysis 98% of silica, with small proportions of alumina, potash and soda, and mere traces of iron, lime, magnesia and fluorine. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 13, Slice 6 "Home, Daniel" to "Hortensius, Quintus" 2012-03-15T02:00:32.250Z There's a number of small-time traders in Dubai dealing with alumina from Europe. Exclusive: Iran importing missile-grade ore from Germany, France 2013-07-02T11:29:47Z A white fibrous mineral frequently found on the walls of mines and quarries, chiefly hydrous sulphate of alumina; Ð also called feather alum, and hair salt. Webster's Unabridged Dictionary 2012-03-24T02:00:23.513Z A borosilicate of alumina, iron, and lime, commonly found in glassy, brown crystals with acute edges. Webster's Unabridged Dictionary (2nd 100 Pages) 2012-03-24T02:00:19.387Z When this condition occurs, the excellence of the clay is determined by the quantity of alumina that it contains. British Manufacturing Industries Pottery, Glass and Silicates, Furniture and Woodwork. 2012-02-26T03:00:18.883Z Rio in October said it planned to sell 13 aluminum assets, including smelters and alumina plants in Australia, the U.S. and U.K., to improve its finances. Rio Tinto Swings to Second-Half Loss on Aluminum Charge 2012-02-09T07:42:41Z "The documents show that there's an interest in mastering the use of chemical alumina for a broad set of uses which include military," he said. Exclusive: Iran importing missile-grade ore from Germany, France 2013-07-02T11:29:47Z A mineral of the feldspar family, triclinic in crystallization, and in composition a silicate of alumina and soda. Webster's Unabridged Dictionary 2012-03-24T02:00:23.513Z It is largely used in the preparation of aluminium and alumina, and for the lining of furnaces which are exposed to intense heat. Webster's Unabridged Dictionary (2nd 100 Pages) 2012-03-24T02:00:19.387Z When the whole work is finished, it will perhaps be desirable to give it one or two coats of a very dilute solution of silicate of alumina and aluminate of potash. British Manufacturing Industries Pottery, Glass and Silicates, Furniture and Woodwork. 2012-02-26T03:00:18.883Z Bauxite is turned into alumina, which in turn is refined into aluminum. Aluminum Surplus May Fall to Lowest Since ’07, Sumitomo Says 2012-02-01T21:33:39Z Transparent ceramics are a type of sapphire made using chemical alumina. Exclusive: Iran importing missile-grade ore from Germany, France 2013-07-02T11:29:47Z Pol′ishing-slate, a mineral used for polishing glass, marble, and metals, composed chiefly of silica, with a little alumina, lime, oxide of iron, and water; Pol′ishment. Chambers's Twentieth Century Dictionary (part 3 of 4: N-R) 2012-01-30T03:00:13.887Z Reverse-osmosis filters and carbon filters with activated alumina remove most of the fluoride, but water softeners and charcoal or carbon filters do not. Well Blog: Dental Exam Went Well? Thank Fluoride 2012-01-23T21:57:21Z Some portions of glass of this character have been analyzed by me, when I found that these white spots were owing to the presence of a glass containing alumina. British Manufacturing Industries Pottery, Glass and Silicates, Furniture and Woodwork. 2012-02-26T03:00:18.883Z Lake, lāk, n. a pigment or colour formed by precipitating animal or vegetable colouring matters from their solutions, chiefly with alumina or oxide of tin. Chambers's Twentieth Century Dictionary (part 2 of 4: E-M) 2012-01-11T03:00:23.770Z Data from the International Aluminum Institute showed Europe produced 2.38 million metric tons of chemical grade alumina between January and June 2013, accounting for about a third of the total chemical alumina produced globally. Exclusive: Iran importing missile-grade ore from Germany, France 2013-07-02T11:29:47Z It mines bauxite, an ore that contains aluminum, and refines it into alumina, the raw material used by smelters. Alcoa Has First Quarterly Loss Since 2009 After Prices Drop 2012-01-10T12:24:34Z They impart fusibility to clays and are carefully excluded from fine white bodies.Kaolin.—A fine, white, very pure, and infusible China clay, almost pure alumina and silica. Pottery, for Artists Craftsmen & Teachers 2011-12-10T03:00:15.097Z Now alumina raises the melting point of any glass of which it is a constituent. British Manufacturing Industries Pottery, Glass and Silicates, Furniture and Woodwork. 2012-02-26T03:00:18.883Z Ha�yne, h�′win, n. a rock-forming mineral, a silicate of alumina and soda or lime, with sodium and calcium sulphate. Chambers's Twentieth Century Dictionary (part 2 of 4: E-M) 2012-01-11T03:00:23.770Z "None of the military and defense-related applications use particularly large tonnages of alumina," a Western specialist familiar with alumina processes said. Exclusive: Iran importing missile-grade ore from Germany, France 2013-07-02T11:29:47Z The earths were gradually distinguished from each other; lime was recognized as a substance distinct from baryta, baryta as distinct from alumina, etc. Heroes of Science Chemists 2011-12-09T03:00:21.047Z Pure alumina or calcined Aluminium is a chemical product.Ammonia.—A volatile gaseous matter, found in some clays. Pottery, for Artists Craftsmen & Teachers 2011-12-10T03:00:15.097Z Generally, the less alumina that there is in the biscuit, the easier is the adaptation of the glaze, and this accounts for the soft porcelains being easier to manage in this respect than ordinary earthenwares. British Manufacturing Industries Pottery, Glass and Silicates, Furniture and Woodwork. 2012-02-26T03:00:18.883Z Aluminium and oxygen form alumina, of which are constituted the sapphire, the ruby and other precious stones, but alumina is most commonly found in combination with silica, or silicon and oxygen. Marvels of Scientific Invention An Interesting Account in Non-technical Language of the Invention of Guns, Torpedoes, Submarine Mines, Up-to-date Smelting, Freezing, Colour Photography, and many other recent Discoveries of Science 2011-11-19T03:00:24.517Z The alumina or silica at high temperatures decomposes the salt, setting free hydrochloric acid and probably also free chlorine. De Re Metallica, Translated from the First Latin Edition of 1556 2011-11-16T03:00:21.977Z The Bloomberg Industries estimate of profitability includes alumina, power, transportation and labor and excludes depreciation and amortization. Aluminum Slump Means 25% of Smelters Losing Money: Commodities 2011-11-09T01:38:12Z These supply the alumina, silica, lime, potash, and soda, with traces of iron and magnesia, that are found in all clays when analyzed. Pottery, for Artists Craftsmen & Teachers 2011-12-10T03:00:15.097Z The black oxide of manganese usually sold contains many other constituents besides black oxide of manganese; amongst these are iron, copper, cobalt, and alumina. British Manufacturing Industries Pottery, Glass and Silicates, Furniture and Woodwork. 2012-02-26T03:00:18.883Z “We would like to have a third wedge in that pie that is another upstream base metal, which leads you to either nickel, bauxite, or alumina.” Mirabela Takeover Seen With Minmetals Chasing Nickel: Real M&A 2011-11-06T19:37:43Z Certain factors are essential besides salt: a, the admission of air, which is possible through the porous pots used; b, the presence of some moisture to furnish hydrogen; c, the addition of alumina or silica. De Re Metallica, Translated from the First Latin Edition of 1556 2011-11-16T03:00:21.977Z BHP also set production records at coal operations in Australia’s New South Wales state and in Colombia, as well as at the Alumar alumina and aluminum refinery in Brazil. BHP Iron Ore Production Gains to a Record on Expansions 2011-10-19T00:20:02Z This mass is easily fusible when lead or borax is present in large proportions, more infusible or harder the more silica it contains, and very refractory if alumina is present in any quantity. Pottery, for Artists Craftsmen & Teachers 2011-12-10T03:00:15.097Z In that state it is very white, and although not so plastic as the ball clay, contains a little more alumina and less iron, which accounts for its resisting much better the action of fire. British Manufacturing Industries Pottery, Glass and Silicates, Furniture and Woodwork. 2012-02-26T03:00:18.883Z Perpetual’s Bruce said Minmetals may also look to acquire Alumina Ltd., citing Michelmore’s relationship with the company from his days with WMC and a global shortage of available alumina and bauxite assets. Mirabela Takeover Seen With Minmetals Chasing Nickel: Real M&A 2011-11-06T19:37:43Z Corundum, ko-run′dum, n. a mineral consisting of mere alumina, yet of great specific gravity—about four times that of water—and second in hardness only to the diamond. Chambers's Twentieth Century Dictionary (part 1 of 4: A-D) 2011-10-11T02:01:08.990Z The compact soil, on the contrary, is made up of the finest materials, among which alumina largely predominates. American Pomology Apples 2011-10-03T02:00:29.477Z The silica forming the glassy part of the glaze is stiffened by the presence of alumina, which stops any tendency to run. Pottery, for Artists Craftsmen & Teachers 2011-12-10T03:00:15.097Z An excess makes the wares brittle and unable to resist sudden changes of temperature, while alumina, on the contrary, gives these qualities, and with them the plasticity required for the working of the ware. British Manufacturing Industries Pottery, Glass and Silicates, Furniture and Woodwork. 2012-02-26T03:00:18.883Z MAL, which controls 4 percent of the global alumina market, offered condolences and apologies, but denied wrongdoing and disputes the fine. Hungary villages heal slowly from red sludge spill 2011-09-28T11:44:07Z Alum, al′um, n. a mineral salt, the double sulphate of alumina and potash, used as a mordant in dyeing and for many purposes.—adj. Chambers's Twentieth Century Dictionary (part 1 of 4: A-D) 2011-10-11T02:01:08.990Z Thus, silica and alumina are combined to form the aluminous silicates, which enter so largely into the composition of the crust of the earth. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 11, Slice 6 "Geodesy" to "Geometry" 2011-09-19T02:00:10.473Z Sienna, like umber, is essentially a silicate of iron and alumina, containing manganic oxide. Paint Technology and Tests 2011-09-15T02:00:12.263Z The solvent slowly volatilizes, and the alumina is deposited in crystals, coloured by whatever colouring oxide has been added. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 11, Slice 5 "Gassendi, Pierre" to "Geocentric" 2011-09-02T02:00:20.450Z Though differing much in appearance—the one being red and the other blue—the ruby and the sapphire are, chemically speaking, the same, viz. pure alumina. Stories about Famous Precious Stones 2011-08-31T02:01:42.217Z Aluminium, al-ū-min′i-um, n. the metallic base of alumina; a metal somewhat resembling silver, and remarkable for its lightness, now made from Bauxite.—Aluminium bronze, an alloy lighter than gold, but like it in colour. Chambers's Twentieth Century Dictionary (part 1 of 4: A-D) 2011-10-11T02:01:08.990Z But they also include highly basic varieties wherein the proportion of silica sinks to 40%, and where magnesia greatly predominates over alumina. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 11, Slice 6 "Geodesy" to "Geometry" 2011-09-19T02:00:10.473Z It contains a high percentage of alumina and silica, and has a characteristic brown color with a gravity of 3.1. Paint Technology and Tests 2011-09-15T02:00:12.263Z On cooling the melted alumina crystallizes in large flakes, which on examination by transmitted light are seen to be true ruby. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 11, Slice 5 "Gassendi, Pierre" to "Geocentric" 2011-09-02T02:00:20.450Z The slag consists of alumina which crystallizes in the forms of corundum and ruby, and is utilized as an abrasive under the name of corubin. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 11, Slice 3 "Frost" to "Fyzabad" 2011-08-15T02:00:28.473Z Gains in the Australian dollar drove the cost of existing iron ore and alumina expansion projects $2.4 billion higher, the company said. Rio Says Higher Labor Costs, Aussie Pressure Expansion Plans 2011-08-07T03:09:21Z Earnings from commodity chemicals more than doubled on sales to paper and alumina makers. Dow Earnings Exceed Estimates as Plastics, Chemicals Gain 2011-07-27T21:49:01Z A worker leaves the Vedanta's Lanjigarh alumina refinery in Orissa state, India. Vedanta under fire from Amnesty international over human rights 2011-07-23T23:04:15Z The support is a small cylinder of alumina placed in the axis of the blowpipe. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 11, Slice 5 "Gassendi, Pierre" to "Geocentric" 2011-09-02T02:00:20.450Z The latter, especially when brought to the burning point at a high temperature, produces a heat that can be resisted by the most refractory substances only, such as silica, alumina and magnesia. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 11, Slice 3 "Frost" to "Fyzabad" 2011-08-15T02:00:28.473Z Among other lining materials found suitable were soapstone, alumina, ammonia, copperas, starch, Epsom salts, and gypsum, paper, pulp, and alum, and a mixture of various other materials. Inventions in the Century 2011-07-20T02:00:14.643Z Conde was elected president of the world’s largest exporter of bauxite, the raw material for alumina, in November after two years of military rule. Guinean President Alpha Conde Unharmed in Attack on House 2011-07-19T10:10:43Z Efflorescences of the sulphate of alumina exist in a calcareous cavern in the elevated ranges of Bellevieu, in the county of Washington, Mo. No practical use is made of it. Scenes and Andventures in the Semi-Alpine Region of the Ozark Mountains of Missouri and Arkansas 2011-07-10T02:00:18.883Z More recently Edmond Fr�my and A. Verneuil obtained artificial rubies by reacting at a red heat with barium fluoride on amorphous alumina containing a small quantity of chromium. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 11, Slice 5 "Gassendi, Pierre" to "Geocentric" 2011-09-02T02:00:20.450Z The clay beds are similar to those which cover most of the northern islands, and contain silica, alumina, magnesia, and iron, but usually no lime, except in the form of gypsum, found in crevices. In the Andamans and Nicobars The Narrative of a Cruise in the Schooner "Terrapin" 2011-06-30T02:00:24.487Z Most experts agree that MAL, the company operating the alumina plant and reservoirs, is not the only one at fault. Recalculating 'Normal' in Hungarian Disaster Zone 2011-06-08T21:03:11Z The terminal sits on the Mississippi River adjacent to an alumina refinery that Ormet said last month it was restarting after five years. UPDATE 1-Trafigura buys U.S. coal, commodity terminal 2011-06-03T17:20:33Z Trafigura will invest $100 million to reopen the idled facility on the Mississippi as a bulk terminal for coal, bauxite and alumina. Trafigura buys Ormet's Louisiana terminal 2011-06-03T13:28:49Z The fusion bath is so arranged that only red-coloured alumina shall crystallize out, but it is difficult to have all the materials of such purity as to ensure the complete absence of silica and magnesia. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 11, Slice 5 "Gassendi, Pierre" to "Geocentric" 2011-09-02T02:00:20.450Z "Copper was a prime target, but we are equally interested in lead and zinc, bauxite, alumina and nickel," he told Reuters in a telephone interview. Minmetals says still in the hunt for assets after Equinox exit 2011-04-28T09:17:37Z Such a heap was smouldering and smoking at the mouth of the great excavation, the sulphate of iron, giving off its acid to the clay, converting it thereby into sulphate of alumina. A Month in Yorkshire 2011-04-24T02:00:10.977Z In chemistry the term earth is given to certain metallic oxides, such as the 'alkaline earths' lime, baryta, and strontia; also to alumina and a series known as the 'rare earths'. The New Gresham Encyclopedia Volume 4, Part 1: Deposition to Eberswalde 2011-04-14T02:00:57.977Z It contains about 82 per cent of alumina, and a small portion of iron; is very hard; is practically infusible, and is not attacked by acids. The New Gresham Encyclopedia Volume 4, Part 2: Ebert to Estremadura 2011-04-14T02:00:56.200Z Such is the intensity of the reaction that the resulting alumina is also completely fused, floating as a liquid on the molten chromium. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 11, Slice 5 "Gassendi, Pierre" to "Geocentric" 2011-09-02T02:00:20.450Z Over the same time frame, alumina production was down by 4%. Cyclones hit Rio Tinto production 2011-04-13T08:45:15Z “Our Australian coal, iron ore, uranium and alumina operations were affected by the extreme weather in the first quarter,” Albanese said in the statement. Rio Tinto Says Quarterly Coal, Iron Ore Output Drops on Rain 2011-04-13T05:57:15Z Alcoa said the improvement was driven by higher realized prices for aluminum and alumina. Alcoa profit tops estimates but revenue misses 2011-04-12T09:36:54Z This metal cannot be produced by direct electrolysis in aqueous solution, but is deposited electrolytically from a fused bath of cryolite, containing alumina in solution. The New Gresham Encyclopedia Volume 4, Part 2: Ebert to Estremadura 2011-04-14T02:00:56.200Z The Oriental Emerald.—The stone known as emerald consists chemically of silica, alumina and glucina. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 11, Slice 5 "Gassendi, Pierre" to "Geocentric" 2011-09-02T02:00:20.450Z If Alcoa is able to show success in this pilot project, this would directly impact the profitability of the primary metals division, which processes raw alumina to manufacture aluminum. Alcoa Could Clean Up With Carbon Capture 2011-04-11T16:03:13Z Did not the ore contain silica, this would not produce its effect, and a due admixture of the three earths, silica, alumina, and lime, appears to be necessary to cause the most advantageous results. The American Quarterly Review No. XVIII, June 1831 (Vol 9) 2011-04-02T02:00:12.460Z Revenue in the quarter rose 22 percent to $5.96 billion, helped by rising prices for aluminum and alumina -- the raw material for the metal -- but it lagged the Wall Street forecast of $6.08 billion. Alcoa profit tops estimates but revenue misses 2011-04-12T09:36:54Z Heads of the company’s divisions including oil, coal, copper-zinc-lead, ferroalloys, alumina, aluminum and agricultural commodities also spoke, three people with knowledge of the matter said. Glencore Said to Brief 11 Banks Before $10 Billion Share Sale 2011-03-01T16:48:38Z As already mentioned, there is another stone which consists of crystallized alumina coloured with chromium, but holding the chromium in a different state of oxidation. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 11, Slice 5 "Gassendi, Pierre" to "Geocentric" 2011-09-02T02:00:20.450Z As the world leader in the production and management of primary aluminum, fabricated aluminum and alumina, the U.S. Alcoa Could Clean Up With Carbon Capture 2011-04-11T16:03:13Z Ores of iron contain the earths, silex, alumina, lime, and magnesia. The American Quarterly Review No. XVIII, June 1831 (Vol 9) 2011-04-02T02:00:12.460Z They are composed of silica and various bases, such as lime, potash, magnesia, soda, alumina, &c. Geology 2011-02-20T03:00:12.660Z The last-mentioned drug, chloride and sulphate of zinc, acetate and sulphate of alumina, and creasote and carbolic acid have all been recommended by various modern embalmers. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 9, Slice 3 "Electrostatics" to "Engis" 2011-02-06T03:00:53.093Z The Oriental emerald has been produced artificially in the same way as the ruby, by adding a larger amount of chromium to the alumina bath and regulating the temperature. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 11, Slice 5 "Gassendi, Pierre" to "Geocentric" 2011-09-02T02:00:20.450Z As the world leader in the production and management of primary aluminum, fabricated aluminum and alumina, the U.S. Alcoa Could Clean Up With Carbon Capture 2011-04-11T16:03:13Z Agates of singular beauty have also been discovered, and minute quartz crystals are found imbedded in the cavities of pebbles composed of alumina and grains of quartz. The South-West By a Yankee. In Two Volumes. Volume 2 2011-02-05T03:00:13.817Z The process of manufacture consists in mixing about 25 per cent. of asbestos fibre with about 25 or 35 per cent. of powdered sulphate of alumina. Asbestos Its production and use, with some account of the asbestos mines of Canada 2011-02-01T03:00:13.163Z Some of the alumina and iron oxide may occasionally be chemically combined, so as to form an iron spinel, or hercynite. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 9, Slice 3 "Electrostatics" to "Engis" 2011-02-06T03:00:53.093Z In this case, when these impurities have accumulated to a certain point they unite with the alumina, and spinel then separates, as it crystallizes more easily than ruby. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 11, Slice 5 "Gassendi, Pierre" to "Geocentric" 2011-09-02T02:00:20.450Z The company may also look at minerals sands, alumina, bauxite and uranium acquisitions, he said. Minmetals Aims to Spend at Least $2 Billion on M&A, CEO Says 2011-01-28T03:59:19Z In May, Norsk Hydro agreed to buy alumina and bauxite assets from Vale, which will get a 22 percent stake in Hydro as partial payment, a transaction the Norwegian government has approved. UPDATE 1-Norsk Hydro accelerates cost savings 2011-01-13T07:15:07Z The most stable lakes are those in which the colouring matter is combined with two metallic oxides, a sesquioxide and a monoxide—e.g. alumina and lime. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 8, Slice 8 "Dubner" to "Dyeing" 2010-12-26T03:00:17.840Z The “abrasive power,” or “effective hardness,” of emery is by no means proportional to the amount of alumina which it contains, but seems rather to depend on its physical 336 condition. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 9, Slice 3 "Electrostatics" to "Engis" 2011-02-06T03:00:53.093Z The material employed is either composed of small, valueless rubies, or alumina coloured with the right amount of chromium. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 11, Slice 5 "Gassendi, Pierre" to "Geocentric" 2011-09-02T02:00:20.450Z Hungary declared a state of emergency in early October when a reservoir at an alumina plant ruptured releasing a torrent of chemical waste. At the source of sludge disaster 2010-12-24T02:31:23Z Projects recently stalled or halted by Environment Minister Ramesh: Approval withdrawn for London-based Vedanta Resources' alumina mines, which were to supply a $5.4 billion factory, over failure to obtain consent from local residents. India Deals Face a Reckoning 2010-12-04T00:12:00Z India recently scrapped London-listed Vedanta Resources' plans to mine bauxite and expand its alumina refinery in Orissa over environmental concerns, worrying investors. World Bank launches scheme to green government accounts 2010-10-28T04:51:00Z Following the Hungarian spill, the Romanian media went into a frenzy about a red mud site at an alumina plant in Tulcea, near the Danube delta. Fear of Toxic Disasters Spreads Beyond Hungary's Borders 2010-10-19T08:30:00Z Chemically the topaz consists of alumina, silica and fluorine. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 11, Slice 5 "Gassendi, Pierre" to "Geocentric" 2011-09-02T02:00:20.450Z Parliament approved legislation late on Monday allowing a state takeover of MAL Zrt, whose giant alumina sludge reservoir burst last Monday, flooding villages and farmland, killing eight people and injuring more than 120. Hungary dam nearly ready, govt to control spill firm 2010-10-12T10:10:00Z In Devecser, one of several towns hit by the flood a week ago and where many people are employed at the alumina plant, Bakonyi's detention was met by mixed feelings. Hungary firm head detained over toxic sludge 2010-10-11T19:47:00Z Conflicting information swirled about the dangers posed by the ankle-deep muck coating the most seriously hit areas after the collapse of a waste-storage reservoir at a nearby alumina plant Monday. Toxic red sludge reaches the Danube River 2010-10-08T03:30:00Z And yet, as dangerous waste goes, red mud, the caustic byproduct of alumina processing, is not particularly toxic; there are far worse actors. Hungarian Village, Awash in Misery 2010-10-08T12:33:00Z The boracic acid was found to be too volatile to allow the alumina to crystallize, but the use of borax made the necessary difference. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 11, Slice 5 "Gassendi, Pierre" to "Geocentric" 2011-09-02T02:00:20.450Z The alumina factory warned on Sunday that it could go out of business in days if it were not allowed to resume production. Hungary dam nearly ready, govt to control spill firm 2010-10-12T10:10:00Z The origin of the liquid was a nearby reservoir holding the leftovers of the process that converts bauxite to alumina, which is then processed into aluminum. Hungarian Sludge Nears Danube 2010-10-07T12:29:00Z He told Reuters earlier that crews were working to reduce the alkalinity of the spill which poured from a containment reservoir of an alumina plant on Monday. Sludge Reaches Branch of the Danube 2010-10-07T10:40:00Z Hungary declared a state of emergency in three counties on Tuesday, a day after a torrent of toxic red sludge from an alumina plant tore through local villages, killing four people and injuring 120. Hungary crews search for missing after red mud spill 2010-10-06T08:56:00Z This being the case, it is not surprising that repeated attempts have been made to effect the crystallization of alumina. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 11, Slice 5 "Gassendi, Pierre" to "Geocentric" 2011-09-02T02:00:20.450Z A Red Sludge Tsunami Red sludge, or red mud as it is known in the United States, is a byproduct of the refining of bauxite into alumina, the basic material for manufacturing aluminum. The iPhone Has a Real Fight on Its Hands 2010-10-05T19:38:00Z Because this is the first large-scale accident involving alumina sludge, experts are feeling their way in the cleanup. Hungarian Sludge Nears Danube 2010-10-07T12:29:00Z DEVECSER, Hungary—Hungary declared a state of emergency in three counties Tuesday after a flood of toxic red sludge from an alumina plant engulfed several towns and burned people through their clothes. Hungary Declares Emergency 2010-10-05T15:35:00Z To obtain the desired microstructure, researchers sequentially impregnated an alumina support with aqueous solutions of platinum and rhodium chlorides. A Low-Cost Catalyst Prepares to Take on Power-Plant Emissions 2010-10-05T13:41:00Z They first formed lead aluminate by the fusion together of lead oxide and alumina. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 11, Slice 5 "Gassendi, Pierre" to "Geocentric" 2011-09-02T02:00:20.450Z Women walk through a field in front of Vedanta's Lanjigarh alumina refinery at the foot of Niyamgiri mountain in Orissa state, India, where the company was blocked a month ago from mining bauxite. Vedanta suffers another blow as Indian court shuts down copper smelter 2010-09-29T17:43:00Z A woman sits with her child in a forest village near Vedanta's alumina refinery. Vedanta investors look into human rights issues in India 2010-09-06T06:00:00Z Vedanta wants to mine bauxite, which is refined to alumina and eventually turned into aluminium, at the top of the hill, which is considered by the Dongria-Kondh as sacred to their deity, Niyam Raja. Vedanta's Indian mining project under threat 2010-08-16T18:05:00Z Mining is still required to produce the raw materials for synthetic stones, such as alumina for rubies and graphite for diamonds. Green Lantern: Environmentally friendly jewelry includes synthetic gemstones 2010-08-03T04:00:00Z Under the influence of the high temperature the silica of the crucible gradually decomposes the lead aluminate, forming lead silicate, which remains in the liquid state, and alumina, which crystallizes as white sapphire. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 11, Slice 5 "Gassendi, Pierre" to "Geocentric" 2011-09-02T02:00:20.450Z A woman sits with her child in a forest village near the mining site of Vedanta's alumina refinery. Vedanta rejects Amnesty International claims of human rights abuses 2010-07-27T16:52:00Z In a deal valued at $4.9 billion, Norsk will add a mammoth bauxite mine, the world’s biggest alumina refinery and a large smelter to its own substantial aluminium business. An acquisition in aluminium: Vale of the trolls 2010-05-06T10:49:00Z He had been acting as an agent or middleman for the US aluminium giant Alcoa, which was supplying the alumina feedstock under long-term contracts to the smelter operation in Bahrain, and denies wrongdoing. Mandelson associate and Labour backer investigated for bribery 2010-04-09T18:04:00Z India refinery 'threatens locals' An alumina refinery in east India run by a UK-based firm is causing pollution that threatens the health of local people, a human rights group says. 2010-02-09T08:06:00Z Sometimes the alumina takes tip the right amount of chromium to enable it to assume the ruby colour. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 11, Slice 5 "Gassendi, Pierre" to "Geocentric" 2011-09-02T02:00:20.450Z While the sample is being tested for alkalinity it is advisable to add sulfate of alumina, which may be dissolving while the sample is being titrated. Soap-Making Manual A Practical Handbook on the Raw Materials, Their Manipulation, Analysis and Control in the Modern Soap Plant. Producing aluminium competitively requires cheap energy and cheap alumina, the stuff—made from bauxite—that is smelted into the metal. An acquisition in aluminium: Vale of the trolls 2010-05-06T10:49:00Z Ax�inite, a mineral, silicate of alumina, lime, &c., with boracic acid, deriving its name from the form of the crystals, the edges of which bear some resemblance to the edge of an axe. The New Gresham Encyclopedia. Vol. 1 Part 3 Atrebates to Bedlis Villagers were given scant and misleading information about the potential impact of the alumina refinery and mining project. 2010-02-09T08:06:00Z It is not due to the presence of chromic acid, but to a reaction between alumina and chromic oxide, which requires an elevated temperature. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 11, Slice 5 "Gassendi, Pierre" to "Geocentric" 2011-09-02T02:00:20.450Z It must be remembered that the sulfate of alumina is added only for the fresh lye put into the tank. Soap-Making Manual A Practical Handbook on the Raw Materials, Their Manipulation, Analysis and Control in the Modern Soap Plant. The oriental amethyst is a rare violet-coloured gem, a variety of alumina or corundum, of much brilliance and beauty. The New Gresham Encyclopedia. Vol. 1 Part 1 A to Amide Some beds of alum-shale are visible at the foot of these cliffs, containing much sulphate of alumina and masses of baked clay. Narrative of a Second Expedition to the Shores of the Polar Sea The high percentage of alumina causes the cement to be quick-setting, and it becomes hard in about five minutes. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 5, Slice 6 "Celtes, Konrad" to "Ceramics" He finds that certain conditions have to be fulfilled in order to get the alumina in a transparent form. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 11, Slice 5 "Gassendi, Pierre" to "Geocentric" 2011-09-02T02:00:20.450Z The operator under such conditions first adds the sulfate of alumina, then the acid, using litmus paper as his indicator. Soap-Making Manual A Practical Handbook on the Raw Materials, Their Manipulation, Analysis and Control in the Modern Soap Plant. It is a hydrated silicate of magnesium, mixed with lime, alumina, and a small quantity of iron. The New Gresham Encyclopedia. Vol. 1 Part 1 A to Amide In some instances, alumina, which is likewise deposited from the hot waters, is the mineralizing material. Principles of Geology or, The Modern Changes of the Earth and its Inhabitants Considered as Illustrative of Geology English hydraulic limes are of a different class; they contain a good deal of alumina and ferric oxide, and in composition resemble somewhat irregular Portland cement. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 5, Slice 6 "Celtes, Konrad" to "Ceramics" The general plan adopted has been to form a mixture of salts fusible at a red heat, forming a liquid in which alumina will dissolve. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 11, Slice 5 "Gassendi, Pierre" to "Geocentric" 2011-09-02T02:00:20.450Z Where, however, the output of glycerine is very large it pays to recover both the fatty acids and alumina in the press cakes. Soap-Making Manual A Practical Handbook on the Raw Materials, Their Manipulation, Analysis and Control in the Modern Soap Plant. “Carmine lake” is a pigment obtained by adding freshly precipitated alumina to decoction of cochineal. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 5, Slice 3 "Capefigue" to "Carneades" The bulk of bauxite and alumina and a substantial quantity of copper must be imported. Area Handbook for Romania If obtainable in large quantity it would be of economic importance as a source of alumina. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 8, Slice 4 "Diameter" to "Dinarchus" The true ruby consists of the earth alumina, in a clear, crystalline form, having a minute quantity of the element chromium as the colouring matter. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 11, Slice 5 "Gassendi, Pierre" to "Geocentric" 2011-09-02T02:00:20.450Z The object of adding the sulfate of alumina is to transform the soap contained in the lye into the insoluble aluminum soaps, and at the same time to coagulate the albuminous impurities. Soap-Making Manual A Practical Handbook on the Raw Materials, Their Manipulation, Analysis and Control in the Modern Soap Plant. It differs also according to the amount of alumina present in it. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 5, Slice 3 "Capefigue" to "Carneades" Chalk, on the other hand, contains usually from 94 to 99 per cent. of carbonate of lime, and a very minute quantity of alumina and silica. Island Life Or the Phenomena and Causes of Insular Faunas and Floras It is certain, however, that the finer-grained rocks are richest in alumina, and in combined water; hence the inference is clear that kaolin or some other hydrous aluminium silicate is the dominating constituent. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 6, Slice 4 "Cincinnatus" to "Cleruchy" At a higher temperature, this product was again decomposed, with formation of alcohol, ethylene, and alumina. The Galaxy, Volume 23, No. 2, February, 1877 Besides these other materials are used in the refining of the oils and fats, and glycerine recovery, such as Fuller's earth, bichromates of soda or potash, sulphate of alumina, sulphuric and hydrochloric acids and alcohol. Soap-Making Manual A Practical Handbook on the Raw Materials, Their Manipulation, Analysis and Control in the Modern Soap Plant. Chemically, carmine is a compound of carminic acid with alumina, lime and some organic acid. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 5, Slice 3 "Capefigue" to "Carneades" Analysis of carefully selected shells of Foraminifera, Heteropods, and Pteropods, did not show the slightest trace of alumina, and none has as yet been discovered in coral skeletons. Island Life Or the Phenomena and Causes of Insular Faunas and Floras The clay is held to include those particles which have less than 0.005 mm. diameter, and contains a higher percentage of alumina than any of the other ingredients. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 6, Slice 4 "Cincinnatus" to "Cleruchy" Similar coprolites are found and mined in other districts of England, but they are of inferior quality, containing more oxide of iron and alumina. The Galaxy, Volume 23, No. 2, February, 1877 The most important are the mineral mordants, such as the alumina, the iron, the tin, and the chrome. Philippine Mats Philippine Craftsman Reprint Series No. 1 The country continues to derive most of its foreign exchange from tourism, remittances, and bauxite/alumina. The 2008 CIA World Factbook The large proportion of carbonate of lime, and the very small quantity of silica, alumina, and insoluble d�bris, at once distinguish true chalk from the Globigerina-ooze of the deep ocean bed. Island Life Or the Phenomena and Causes of Insular Faunas and Floras There are, in fact, a few clays which contain about 45% of alumina, that is to say, more than in pure kaolin. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 6, Slice 4 "Cincinnatus" to "Cleruchy" The metallic salts of iron, copper, and alumina were well known, and their application to dyeing was generally the same as at the present day. Museum of Antiquity A Description of Ancient Life The minerals of the original rock contained alumina, which, like the iron, is insoluble under weathering conditions, and hence the Cuban iron ores are high in alumina. The Economic Aspect of Geology The country continues to derive most of its foreign exchange from tourism, remittances, and bauxite/alumina. The 2008 CIA World Factbook Suriname The economy is dominated by the alumina industry, which accounts for more than 15% of GDP and 70% of export earnings. The 2005 CIA World Factbook Red-coloured ash generally points to the adulteration of the guano with some mineral substance containing iron—such, e.g., as Redonda phosphate, a mineral phosphate of iron and alumina. Manures and the principles of manuring However, they had another salt—sulphate of alumina—which produces similar results, although the moderns in most cases prefer tin, as it makes a more brilliant and permanent tint. Museum of Antiquity A Description of Ancient Life A comparatively few years ago alumina, one of the most common and abundant substances of the earth's crust, was in no general demand except for very limited use as an ornament. The Economic Aspect of Geology Basalt is an igneous rock composed largely of augite and felspar, which are silicate crystals of calcium, potassium, alumina, etc., of which the Moonstone is a variety. Second Sight A study of Natural and Induced Clairvoyance The apocrenates of iron and manganese are slightly soluble; those of lime, magnesia, and alumina are insoluble. Peat and its Uses as Fertilizer and Fuel These saline incrustations, or salinas, as they are generally called, are chiefly composed of salts of lime, soda, magnesia, alumina, and of boracic acid. Manures and the principles of manuring Alum.—This is what is termed a double salt, and is composed of sulphate of alumina and sulphate of potash. Museum of Antiquity A Description of Ancient Life Relatively small but increasingly important quantities are used in making bauxite brick or high alumina refractories for furnace-linings. The Economic Aspect of Geology The geyserite, or the solid incrustations, is over 80° of silica, with 3° alumina, and a little magnesia, iron, potash, and soda.' A Girl's Ride in Iceland The ulmates and humates of lime, magnesia, oxide of iron, oxide of manganese and alumina, are insoluble, or nearly so in water. Peat and its Uses as Fertilizer and Fuel The result is, that raw phosphates containing iron and alumina to any appreciable extent are not used in this country, although they do find a limited application in America and on the Continent. Manures and the principles of manuring It is composed of silica, alumina, carbonate of lime, magnesia and oxide of iron. Museum of Antiquity A Description of Ancient Life In the weathering of rocks high in alumina, and low in iron minerals and quartz, deposits of residual clay or kaolin nearly free from iron oxide and quartz are formed. The Economic Aspect of Geology The four kinds of felspar which have been already named are compounds of silica with alumina, and another base which is either potash, soda, or lime. Elements of Agricultural Chemistry III. contains a very large proportion of sand and soluble silica, much iron and alumina, less lime and sulphuric acid. Peat and its Uses as Fertilizer and Fuel Just what the reactions are which are produced by the iron and alumina compounds has never been made out very clearly. Manures and the principles of manuring Being made from a rigidly controlled artificial mixture of lime, silica and alumina the product of the best mills is a remarkably strong, uniform and stable material. Concrete Construction Methods and Costs Diamond is made of carbon; the pearl is calcium carbonate; ruby and sapphire are aluminum oxide—varieties of the mineral corundum; the emerald is silica and alumina, with a minor amount of beryllia. The Economic Aspect of Geology Liebig states, that in his experiments, all the arable soils examined possessed the same absorptive power, whether they contained a large or a small proportion of lime or alumina. Elements of Agricultural Chemistry The crenates of lime, magnesia, and protoxide of iron are soluble, crenates of peroxide of iron and of oxide of manganese are but very slightly soluble; crenate of alumina is insoluble. Peat and its Uses as Fertilizer and Fuel Some of them, however, contain a considerable proportion of iron and alumina, and are not suitable for this purpose. Manures and the principles of manuring The electricity keeps on working, and now it separates the alumina into its two parts. Diggers in the Earth They contain silica, alumina, potash, soda, and mica mixed mechanically together. Fragments of science, V. 1-2 It is a combination of alumina, water, and phosphoric acid, and is also unique in being the only known valuable stone containing a phosphate. The Chemistry, Properties and Tests of Precious Stones It is probable that the sample analyzed was much richer in salts of iron and alumina, than the average of the muck. Peat and its Uses as Fertilizer and Fuel The Redonda and Alta Vela phosphates consist chiefly of phosphate of alumina. Manures and the principles of manuring It was made of a substance called "alumina," and a French chemist had declared that the clay banks were full of it; and yet it cost as much as silver. Diggers in the Earth There is no doubt that a considerable improvement is effected in this way; both rouge and alumina have in my hands greatly increased the facility with which the aluminium is deposited. On Laboratory Arts This mineral is a species of crystal, or crystalline alumina—an almost pure anhydrous alumina, Al2O3—in many varieties, both of shape and colour. The Chemistry, Properties and Tests of Precious Stones It is a remarkably excellent imitation—silicate of alumina; the weight, color, and hardness, the measurements—table, girdle, and culasse—all correspond exactly with the original. The Paternoster Ruby This source of reversion, however, is very much less important than the other, which is the presence of iron and alumina in the raw material. Manures and the principles of manuring The young student melted it and found that it would dissolve alumina. Diggers in the Earth The alumina combines with both the oil and the sumac, and the resulting mordant produces a better and more brilliant red with the alizarine. The Dyeing of Cotton Fabrics A Practical Handbook for the Dyer and Student Carmine is sometimes sophisticated with starch, vermilion, and with alumina not formed in the process of manufacture. Field's Chromatography or Treatise on Colours and Pigments as Used by Artists Thus Alizarine with alumina gives a scarlet, with chrome a dark red, and with iron a dull violet. The Dyeing of Woollen Fabrics Phosphoric acid is present in combination with iron, alumina, or lime, or possibly also as magnesium-ammonium-phosphate. Manures and the principles of manuring Mordant the fabric with a mixed solution of acetate of alumina and tin salt, and write upon it, when it is perfectly dry, with the ink. Scientific American, Volume XXXVI., No. 8, February 24, 1877 A Weekly Journal of Practical Information, Art, Science, Mechanics, Chemistry, and Manufactures. This helps to fix the alumina on the cotton. The Dyeing of Cotton Fabrics A Practical Handbook for the Dyer and Student Cobalt, as furnishing a blue colour, is usually associated with alumina, silica, or tin; and, as furnishing a green colour, with zinc. Field's Chromatography or Treatise on Colours and Pigments as Used by Artists On this fact depends the process of mordanting wool with potassium bichromate, alum, alumina sulphate, ferrous sulphate, copper sulphate, etc. The Dyeing of Woollen Fabrics The felspars are composed of silica and alumina, along with potash, soda, and lime, with traces of iron and magnesia. Manures and the principles of manuring Chemically, the oil globules extracted from the spores contain "alumina" and "phosphoric acid." Herbal Simples Approved for Modern Uses of Cure Process 3.—Mordant with alum or acetate of alumina. The Dyeing of Cotton Fabrics A Practical Handbook for the Dyer and Student If, while in the liquid state, colours are saturated with this solution and allowed to dry, their particles will be very intimately mixed with silica and alumina chemically combined with potash. Field's Chromatography or Treatise on Colours and Pigments as Used by Artists These bodies have the property of combining with bases and metallic oxides, such as soda, potash, iron, alumina, chrome, tin, nickel, cobalt, etc., forming a series of salts. The Dyeing of Woollen Fabrics These are composed of silica, alumina, iron oxide, manganese oxide, lime and magnesia. Manures and the principles of manuring The combination of silex or alumina and an alkali in proper portions always yields a fusible, easy-running compound. Scientific American, Volume 40, No. 13, March 29, 1879 A Weekly Journal of Practical Information, Art, Science, Mechanics, Chemistry, and Manufactures Following on the alum bath comes a bath containing soda or phosphate of soda, which brings about a better fixation of the alumina. The Dyeing of Cotton Fabrics A Practical Handbook for the Dyer and Student Native ultramarine consists of silica, alumina, sulphur, and soda; its colouring matter seeming to be due to hyposulphite of soda and sulphide of sodium. Field's Chromatography or Treatise on Colours and Pigments as Used by Artists Alumina is applied either in the form of alum or of sulphate of alumina, argol or tartar being used as the assistant, oxide of alumina being deposited on the fibre. The Dyeing of Woollen Fabrics With regard to alumina and oxide of copper, these constituents must be regarded as accidental; while iodine and bromine only occur in the ash of marine plants. Manures and the principles of manuring Similarly, if to a silicate of lime we add oxide of iron, or soda, or even alumina, a fusible double silicate will be formed. A Text-book of Assaying: For the Use of Those Connected with Mines. Thus, for instance, logwood with iron produces a bluish black; with chrome, a blue; with alumina, a reddish blue. The Dyeing of Cotton Fabrics A Practical Handbook for the Dyer and Student In most specimens iron is present, varying in quantity from a mere trace up to five per cent, together with silica and alumina. Field's Chromatography or Treatise on Colours and Pigments as Used by Artists Extracts of madder are mostly obtained by treating the root with boiling water, collecting the precipitates which separate on cooling, mixing them with gum or starch, and adding acetate of alumina or iron. French Polishing and Enamelling A Practical Work of Instruction He explained it as due to the formation in the soil of hydrated double silicates, consisting of a silicate of alumina, along with a silicate of the base fixed. Manures and the principles of manuring Compounded with silica, alumina forms the base of clays and many rock-forming minerals. A Text-book of Assaying: For the Use of Those Connected with Mines. The sumacing enables the alumina to be more firmly fixed on to the cotton. The Dyeing of Cotton Fabrics A Practical Handbook for the Dyer and Student Now alumina, lime, resin, and resin-soaps, etc., precipitate dyestuffs, and also soap; if the water is alkaline, some of the mordants used may be precipitated and wasted, and very considerable damage done. The Chemistry of Hat Manufacturing Lectures Delivered Before the Hat Manufacturers' Association Aluminum is very prevalent in the soil of the earth's surface, because its oxide, alumina, is a chief constituent of ordinary clay. Artificial Light Its Influence upon Civilization This is due to the lime, iron, and alumina salts which the soil contains. Manures and the principles of manuring The weight of the ferric oxide has already been determined in the first portion: deduct it, and the difference is the weight of alumina. A Text-book of Assaying: For the Use of Those Connected with Mines. With these, alumina, iron, and chromium mordants are used as chief mordants, either alone or in combination with one another, and with other bodies. The Dyeing of Cotton Fabrics A Practical Handbook for the Dyer and Student If I had taken sulphate of iron instead of sulphate of alumina, and proceeded in a similar manner, and added Alizarin, I should have obtained a dark purple lake. The Chemistry of Hat Manufacturing Lectures Delivered Before the Hat Manufacturers' Association To make bottle-glass, oxide of iron and alumina is added to the silica, lime, and soda. Round-about Rambles in Lands of Fact and Fancy Sulphate of alumina has also been used, both alone and in conjunction with lime. Manures and the principles of manuring In the ordinary course of analysis it will be separated and weighed as alumina. A Text-book of Assaying: For the Use of Those Connected with Mines. Iron is much easier to fix on cotton than is either alumina or chrome. The Dyeing of Cotton Fabrics A Practical Handbook for the Dyer and Student Such mordants as "red liquor" and "iron liquor," which are acetates of alumina and iron respectively, are also wasted, a portion of them being precipitated by the lime, thus weakening the mordant baths. The Chemistry of Hat Manufacturing Lectures Delivered Before the Hat Manufacturers' Association The happy combination of these materials produces a most excellent and durable soil, containing, in fair proportions, alumina, silex, potash, lime, and other fertilizing minerals. History and Comprehensive Description of Loudoun County, Virginia The former contains more oxide of iron and alumina, and is therefore less pure than the latter, in which the iron and alumina do not exceed 2 per cent. Manures and the principles of manuring The precipitate, filtered, washed, and ignited, is the alumina, which is weighed. A Text-book of Assaying: For the Use of Those Connected with Mines. These are somewhat faster to washing and soaping, which is owing to the dye-stuff combining with the alumina in the alum to form an insoluble colour lake of the sulphuric acid groups it contains. The Dyeing of Cotton Fabrics A Practical Handbook for the Dyer and Student You will have gums and resins from the wood, calcium chloride from the bleach vats, acids from the "sours"; resin, and resin-soaps; there may also be alumina salts present. The Chemistry of Hat Manufacturing Lectures Delivered Before the Hat Manufacturers' Association Dissolve, in different vessels, half an ounce each of the sulphates of iron, zinc, copper, soda, alumina, magnesia, and potash. St. Nicholas Magazine for Boys and Girls, Vol. 5, October 1878, No. 12 They consist of silica and alumina, along with various other substances, chiefly alkalies and alkaline earths. Manures and the principles of manuring The solution is freed from the second group of metals by means of sulphuretted hydrogen, and the iron, alumina, &c., are removed with ammonic chloride, ammonia, and ammonic sulphide. A Text-book of Assaying: For the Use of Those Connected with Mines. The result is to bring about on the fibre a combination of the fatty acid with the alumina. The Dyeing of Cotton Fabrics A Practical Handbook for the Dyer and Student A further reason is that from the solution of acetate of iron or alumina, basic acetates are very easily precipitated on heating, and are thus readily deposited in the fibre. The Chemistry of Hat Manufacturing Lectures Delivered Before the Hat Manufacturers' Association But he will also observe that the potash is combined with alumina and silica, which are hard to get out and useless when you get them out. Creative Chemistry Descriptive of Recent Achievements in the Chemical Industries Their principal constituents, however, are silica and alumina, along with either potash, soda, or lime. Manures and the principles of manuring These generally consist of ferric oxide and alumina. A Text-book of Assaying: For the Use of Those Connected with Mines. Fustic gives with tin and alumina, bright yellows; with chrome, a dark yellow; with iron, an olive, and so on with other members of this group, of which more will be said later on. The Dyeing of Cotton Fabrics A Practical Handbook for the Dyer and Student Alizarin only stains the untreated woollen, whilst the piece treated with alumina is dyed red, and that with iron, purple. The Chemistry of Hat Manufacturing Lectures Delivered Before the Hat Manufacturers' Association Thus the percentage amount of alumina is increased. The Birth-Time of the World and Other Scientific Essays It contains silica, alumina, and iron, in considerable quantities, also magnesia and potash. Manures and the principles of manuring It is a common practice to determine the iron, calculate it to ferric oxide, and so to estimate the alumina indirectly. A Text-book of Assaying: For the Use of Those Connected with Mines. Chrome mordants can also be used and these produce darker shades than tin or alumina mordants. The Dyeing of Cotton Fabrics A Practical Handbook for the Dyer and Student If, however, the pieces treated with iron and alumina had been dyed in the Magenta solution, only one colour would have been the result, and that a Magenta-red in each case. The Chemistry of Hat Manufacturing Lectures Delivered Before the Hat Manufacturers' Association The ash is extraordinarily rich in silicic acid and alumina. Scientific American Supplement, No. 623, December 10, 1887 A pure clay consists simply of silica and alumina, all the other constituents having been washed out. Manures and the principles of manuring The alumina in the fused mass will exist in a state soluble in acids. A Text-book of Assaying: For the Use of Those Connected with Mines. Sandy soils are characterised by excess of silica, and deficiency of alumina, phosphates and potash. The Culture of Vegetables and Flowers From Seeds and Roots 16th Edition In other cases the pigment used was covered with a vitreous coat of an alkaline silicate of alumina. The Seven Great Monarchies Of The Ancient Eastern World, Vol 4. (of 7): Babylon The History, Geography, And Antiquities Of Chaldaea, Assyria, Babylon, Media, Persia, Parthia, And Sassanian or New Persian Empire; With Maps and Illustrations. Crookes has presented to the Royal Society a paper on the color emitted by pure alumina when submitted to the electric discharge in vacuo, in answer to the statements of De Boisbaudran. Scientific American Supplement, No. 613, October 1, 1887 The most important substances present in soils are as follows: silica, alumina, lime, magnesia, potash, soda, ferric oxide, manganese oxide, sulphuric acid, phosphoric acid, and chlorine. Manures and the principles of manuring Solutions containing alumina free from the other metals are diluted to a convenient bulk and heated nearly to boiling. A Text-book of Assaying: For the Use of Those Connected with Mines. United to oxygen it becomes alumina, the chief substance in clay. Young Folks' Library, Volume XI (of 20) Wonders of Earth, Sea and Sky Silica and alumina combine to make common clay, but alumina forms itself into the red ruby, the golden-tinted topaz, the violet oriental amethyst, the red, white, yellow, and violet sapphire, and the beautiful green emerald. Among the Forces The alumina filtered off, ignited, and tested in a radiant matter tube gave as good a crimson line spectrum as did that from the original sulphate. Scientific American Supplement, No. 613, October 1, 1887 The main mass of the rocks consists of silica, and this is generally combined with alumina, as in clay, forming aluminium silicate, and with the commoner alkalies and alkaline earths. Manures and the principles of manuring In the ordinary course cerium is thrown down along with alumina and the other earths by ammonia. A Text-book of Assaying: For the Use of Those Connected with Mines. The neutral salts of alumina, with most acids, are insoluble in water. A System of Instruction in the Practical Use of the Blowpipe Being A Graduated Course Of Analysis For The Use Of Students And All Those Engaged In The Examination Of Metallic Combinations Apparently the special character which distinguishes laterite from other forms of red-coloured weathering is the presence of hydrous oxide of alumina in varying proportions. Rambles and Recollections of an Indian Official A mere trace of oxide of manganese, and a trace of oxide of iron; only a trace of alumina. The Commercial Products of the Vegetable Kingdom Considered in Their Various Uses to Man and in Their Relation to the Arts and Manufactures; Forming a Practical Treatise & Handbook of Reference for the Colonist, Manufacturer, Merchant, and Consumer, on the Cultivation, Preparation for Shipment, and Commercial Value, &c. of the Various Substances Obtained From Trees and Plants, Entering into the Husbandry of Tropical and Sub-tropical Regions, &c. According to Knop, small quantities of nitric acid are held in the insoluble condition in soils in the form of highly basic nitrates of iron and alumina. Manures and the principles of manuring If the substance contains much iron, the solution is next oxidised by boiling with a little nitric acid; and the iron, alumina, &c., are removed as basic acetates. A Text-book of Assaying: For the Use of Those Connected with Mines. The greater part of the alumina compounds give off water with heat; the most of them are also infusible, except a few phosphates and silicates. A System of Instruction in the Practical Use of the Blowpipe Being A Graduated Course Of Analysis For The Use Of Students And All Those Engaged In The Examination Of Metallic Combinations In many cases of high grade sugars, especially beet sugars, the use of alumina alone will be sufficient for clarification without the previous addition of subacetate of lead. Scientific American Supplement No. 822, October 3, 1891 A trace of oxide of manganese; quantity of oxide of iron very great; only a trace of alumina. The Commercial Products of the Vegetable Kingdom Considered in Their Various Uses to Man and in Their Relation to the Arts and Manufactures; Forming a Practical Treatise & Handbook of Reference for the Colonist, Manufacturer, Merchant, and Consumer, on the Cultivation, Preparation for Shipment, and Commercial Value, &c. of the Various Substances Obtained From Trees and Plants, Entering into the Husbandry of Tropical and Sub-tropical Regions, &c. There are also many compound bodies, and amongst them alumina and silica, which it is desirable to class immediately by unexceptionable experiments. Experimental Researches in Electricity, Volume 1 Bauxite, hydrated alumina, is also used for the same purpose—that is, for the preparation of sulphate of alumina. A Text-book of Assaying: For the Use of Those Connected with Mines. Pure alumina is a white crystalline powder, or yellowish-white, and amorphous when produced by drying the hydrate, separated chemically from its salts. A System of Instruction in the Practical Use of the Blowpipe Being A Graduated Course Of Analysis For The Use Of Students And All Those Engaged In The Examination Of Metallic Combinations Next to solid silicic acid we must reckon carbonate of lime, and then the combinations of silicic acid with alumina, potash, and soda, with lime, magnesia, and oxyd of iron. COSMOS: A Sketch of the Physical Description of the Universe, Vol. 1 The solution by hydrochloric acid contained lime, alumina, phosphate of lime, and oxide of iron. The Commercial Products of the Vegetable Kingdom Considered in Their Various Uses to Man and in Their Relation to the Arts and Manufactures; Forming a Practical Treatise & Handbook of Reference for the Colonist, Manufacturer, Merchant, and Consumer, on the Cultivation, Preparation for Shipment, and Commercial Value, &c. of the Various Substances Obtained From Trees and Plants, Entering into the Husbandry of Tropical and Sub-tropical Regions, &c. Limestone, like chalk, is composed of carbonate of lime, sometimes almost pure, but more commonly with a greater or less intermixture of some foreign material, such as alumina or silica. The Ancient Life History of the Earth A Comprehensive Outline of the Principles and Leading Facts of Palæontological Science The precipitate is filtered off, washed with hot water, dried, ignited, and weighed as mixed ferric oxide and alumina. A Text-book of Assaying: For the Use of Those Connected with Mines. Borax dissolves the alumina compounds slowly in the oxidizing and reducing flames to a clear bead, which is also clear when cold, or heated intermittingly with a vacillating flame. A System of Instruction in the Practical Use of the Blowpipe Being A Graduated Course Of Analysis For The Use Of Students And All Those Engaged In The Examination Of Metallic Combinations The iron peroxide is partly soluble in hydrochloric acid, the alumina entirely so as silicate. Scientific American Supplement, No. 470, January 3, 1885 The ashes consist of potass, lime, alumina, and iron in the state of carbonates, sulphates, muriates, and phosphates, and a small portion of silica. The Commercial Products of the Vegetable Kingdom Considered in Their Various Uses to Man and in Their Relation to the Arts and Manufactures; Forming a Practical Treatise & Handbook of Reference for the Colonist, Manufacturer, Merchant, and Consumer, on the Cultivation, Preparation for Shipment, and Commercial Value, &c. of the Various Substances Obtained From Trees and Plants, Entering into the Husbandry of Tropical and Sub-tropical Regions, &c. As regards argillaceous deposits, containing alumina or clay as their essential ingredient, it cannot be said that any of these have been actually shown to be of organic origin. The Ancient Life History of the Earth A Comprehensive Outline of the Principles and Leading Facts of Palæontological Science To find the alumina, which is best estimated by difference, multiply the iron by 1.428 to get the weight of ferric oxide, and deduct this from the weight of alumina and ferric oxide found. A Text-book of Assaying: For the Use of Those Connected with Mines. When the alumina compound is added to excess in the powdered form, the bead appears crystalline upon cooling, and melts again with great difficulty. A System of Instruction in the Practical Use of the Blowpipe Being A Graduated Course Of Analysis For The Use Of Students And All Those Engaged In The Examination Of Metallic Combinations Iron, manganese, alumina, and other substances present in the solution are determined by known methods. Scientific American Supplement, No. 455, September 20, 1884 This case contains the valuable alumina known as noble corundite, and to jewellers in its formations of ruby, sapphire, and the oriental emerald, topaz, and amethyst. How to See the British Museum in Four Visits These shells, though mainly consisting of lime, also contain a certain proportion of alumina, the former being soluble in the carbonic acid dissolved in the sea-water, whilst the latter is insoluble. The Ancient Life History of the Earth A Comprehensive Outline of the Principles and Leading Facts of Palæontological Science Generally a small, but decided, precipitate of alumina comes down, together with sulphides of any zinc or manganese which is present. A Text-book of Assaying: For the Use of Those Connected with Mines. When alumina is added to excess, the undissolved portion appears semi-transparent. A System of Instruction in the Practical Use of the Blowpipe Being A Graduated Course Of Analysis For The Use Of Students And All Those Engaged In The Examination Of Metallic Combinations The latter substance, a silicate of alumina, is not found in England, and at but few points on the Continent. Lippincott's Magazine of Popular Literature and Science Volume 17, No. 099, March, 1876 One of these parts is in a beaker glass over-saturated with chemically pure chloride of ammonia, whereby any iron of oxide present and a little dissolved alumina fall down as deposit. Scientific American Supplement, No. 821, September 26, 1891 Immediate treatment of the fused mass with strong acid is likely to cause a semi-gelatinous silicic acid to separate at once and to inclose alkali salts or alumina. An Introductory Course of Quantitative Chemical Analysis With Explanatory Notes The metals are separately determined in it; and the residue is counted as alumina, and added to that already found. A Text-book of Assaying: For the Use of Those Connected with Mines. It is white and insoluble in the pure state, and its properties generally are similar to those of alumina. A System of Instruction in the Practical Use of the Blowpipe Being A Graduated Course Of Analysis For The Use Of Students And All Those Engaged In The Examination Of Metallic Combinations Kaolin, a fine white clay, a hydrous silicate of alumina, which does not colour when fired; used in making porcelain; called also China clay. The Nuttall Encyclopædia Being a Concise and Comprehensive Dictionary of General Knowledge The substances found in the soluble inorganic matter of soils are lime, magnesia, alumina, silica, phosphoric acid, oxide of iron, oxide of manganese, potash and soda. A start in life. A journey across America. Fruit farming in California We have seen that the best alumina ore contains only fifty-four per cent. of metal. Scientific American Supplement, No. 531, March 6, 1886 The precipitate is filtered off, ignited, and weighed as alumina. A Text-book of Assaying: For the Use of Those Connected with Mines. The sulphates of alumina eliminate water when heated in a glass tube closed at one end. A System of Instruction in the Practical Use of the Blowpipe Being A Graduated Course Of Analysis For The Use Of Students And All Those Engaged In The Examination Of Metallic Combinations Rock-butter, a soft mineral substance found oozing from alum slates, and consisting of alum, alumina, and oxide of iron. The Nuttall Encyclopædia Being a Concise and Comprehensive Dictionary of General Knowledge It is a variety of hornblende, composed of silica, lime, and magnesia, with a little alumina. Scientific American Supplement, No. 415, December 15, 1883 The ash weighed 52 per cent., the soluble part of which, 18.5, was mostly potassium carbonate, with some chlorides and sulphates; the insoluble, mostly chalk with iron and alumina. Scientific American Supplement, No. 531, March 6, 1886 In general analyses of samples containing alumina, it may be contained in both the soluble and insoluble portions. A Text-book of Assaying: For the Use of Those Connected with Mines. Pure alumina does not fuse with carbonate of soda. A System of Instruction in the Practical Use of the Blowpipe Being A Graduated Course Of Analysis For The Use Of Students And All Those Engaged In The Examination Of Metallic Combinations In 1987 conditions began to improve for the bauxite and alumina industry because of increases in world metal prices. The 1993 CIA World Factbook It is a silicate of alumina and lime with some iron magnesia, and is common at Vesuvius. The Gutenberg Webster's Unabridged Dictionary Section T, U, V, and W They are all silicates of lime and magnesia with sometimes alumina and iron. The Gutenberg Webster's Unabridged Dictionary Section P and Q Direct Determination of Alumina in the Presence of Iron.—The iron and alumina are precipitated as hydrates by ammonia. A Text-book of Assaying: For the Use of Those Connected with Mines. Fuses to a clear bead, then spreads out on the charcoal, the soda is absorbed, and an infusible mass of alumina remains. A System of Instruction in the Practical Use of the Blowpipe Being A Graduated Course Of Analysis For The Use Of Students And All Those Engaged In The Examination Of Metallic Combinations In 1985 it suffered a setback with the closure of some facilities in the bauxite and alumina industry, a major source of hard currency earnings. The 1993 CIA World Factbook It is a silicate of alumina and potash. The Gutenberg Webster's Unabridged Dictionary Section I, J, K, and L It never occurs naturally in the free state, but is always combined, usually with silica or alumina, or both; as in the minerals phenacite, chrysoberyl, beryl or emerald, euclase, and danalite. The Gutenberg Webster's Unabridged Dictionary Section F, G and H The principles of the method are as follows:—If the substance does not already contain sufficient phosphoric oxide to saturate the alumina, some phosphate is added. A Text-book of Assaying: For the Use of Those Connected with Mines. If the alumina residue obtained be moistened with cobalt solution and heated strongly, it assumes a beautiful blue color. A System of Instruction in the Practical Use of the Blowpipe Being A Graduated Course Of Analysis For The Use Of Students And All Those Engaged In The Examination Of Metallic Combinations It is essentially a hydrous silicate of alumina and lime. The Gutenberg Webster's Unabridged Dictionary Section C It is a hydrous silicate of alumina and lime. The Gutenberg Webster's Unabridged Dictionary Section I, J, K, and L In 1985 it suffered a setback with the closure of some facilities in the bauxite and alumina industry, a major source of hard currency earnings. The 1992 CIA World Factbook The difference between this weight and that of the combined oxides gives the ferric oxide and alumina. A Text-book of Assaying: For the Use of Those Connected with Mines. On charcoal burns to a white ash, which moistened with nitrate of cobalt and heated shows the alumina reaction. A System of Instruction in the Practical Use of the Blowpipe Being A Graduated Course Of Analysis For The Use Of Students And All Those Engaged In The Examination Of Metallic Combinations Having stirred up the mixture, they let it settle, and at length poured off a clear liquid holding the sulphates of iron and alumina in solution. The Mysterious Island It is essentially a silicate of alumina, lime, and soda, with some sodium sulphide, is often marked by yellow spots or veins of sulphide of iron, and is much valued for ornamental work. The Gutenberg Webster's Unabridged Dictionary Section I, J, K, and L In 1987 conditions began to improve for the bauxite and alumina industry because of increases in world metal prices. The 1992 CIA World Factbook It is used in the determination of phosphoric acid, chiefly for the purpose of preventing the precipitation of phosphates of iron and alumina by ammonia, and in a few similar cases. A Text-book of Assaying: For the Use of Those Connected with Mines. If not containing too much iron or manganese gives an alumina reaction with nitrate of of cobalt. A System of Instruction in the Practical Use of the Blowpipe Being A Graduated Course Of Analysis For The Use Of Students And All Those Engaged In The Examination Of Metallic Combinations It would take ten or twelve days for the sulphuret of iron and the alumina to change into sulphates, which substances were equally soluble; the others—silica, burnt carbon, and cinders—were not so. The Mysterious Island Alkaline carbonates—such as washing soda, for instance—precipitate hydrate of alumina, which does not dissolve in an excess of the reagents, and carbon dioxide is evolved. Scientific American Supplement, No. 401, September 8, 1883 Since the discovery of potassium by Davy, it was assumed that alumina also, the basis of clay, contained a metal in combination with oxygen. Scientific American Supplement, No. 362, December 9, 1882 The iron is reduced to the ferrous state and phosphate of alumina precipitated in an acetic acid solution. A Text-book of Assaying: For the Use of Those Connected with Mines. With nitrate of cobalt gives the alumina reaction. A System of Instruction in the Practical Use of the Blowpipe Being A Graduated Course Of Analysis For The Use Of Students And All Those Engaged In The Examination Of Metallic Combinations The result of this latter operation, consisting of sulphate of iron, sulphate of alumina, silica, and a residue of charcoal and cinders, was placed, in a basin full of water. The Mysterious Island Its salts are isomorphous with those of alumina and sesquioxide of iron. Scientific American Supplement, No. 401, September 8, 1883 The sulphuric and phosphoric acids, alumina, magnesia, etc, are thus precipitated. Scientific American Supplement, No. 362, December 9, 1882 This method is not applicable in the presence of alumina, chromium, titanium, or tin, if the solution is effected with nitric acid. A Text-book of Assaying: For the Use of Those Connected with Mines. In borax, the silicates of lime and magnesia generally dissolve with considerable ease, but those of alumina slowly and with difficulty. A System of Instruction in the Practical Use of the Blowpipe Being A Graduated Course Of Analysis For The Use Of Students And All Those Engaged In The Examination Of Metallic Combinations Mordant in pyrolignite of alumina at 10° B., and wash thoroughly. Scientific American Supplement, No. 286, June 25, 1881 From an adjoining bluff a clay is taken which has 50 per cent, of silica, and 38 per cent, of alumina; from this the common porcelain is made. Scientific American Supplement, No. 303, October 22, 1881 Common alum is sulphate of alumina combined with another sulphate, as potash, soda, etc. Scientific American Supplement, No. 362, December 9, 1882 Thus, silica, alumina, lime, water, &c., appear in an analysis; even in those cases where "oxygen and loss" is also mentioned. A Text-book of Assaying: For the Use of Those Connected with Mines. The residue should be treated with boiling water, which dissolves the phosphate and the excess of carbonate of soda, while the silicate of alumina, with some of the soda, is left. A System of Instruction in the Practical Use of the Blowpipe Being A Graduated Course Of Analysis For The Use Of Students And All Those Engaged In The Examination Of Metallic Combinations Rosenstiehl has shown that alumina mordants are properly saturated if two equivalents of lime are used for each equivalent of alizarin, if the dyeing is done without oil. Scientific American Supplement, No. 286, June 25, 1881 The kind of which they make their pottery has the largest per cent of alumina, and its presence is indicated by the salt weed which grows in this particular soil. Houses and House-Life of the American Aborigines Aluminum is derived from the oxide alumina, which is the principal constituent of common clay. Scientific American Supplement, No. 362, December 9, 1882 Phosphate of alumina is generally weighed without separation of the alumina, since this requires a fusion. A Text-book of Assaying: For the Use of Those Connected with Mines. This is the case, likewise, with the silicates of alumina. A System of Instruction in the Practical Use of the Blowpipe Being A Graduated Course Of Analysis For The Use Of Students And All Those Engaged In The Examination Of Metallic Combinations Lastly, aluminate of soda may be used as a mordant in place of red liquor or sulphate of alumina. Scientific American Supplement, No. 286, June 25, 1881 The setting qualities of cement are due to the iron and alumina combined with calcium, so that for sea-coast work it is desirable for the alumina to be replaced by iron as far as possible. The Sewerage of Sea Coast Towns The discovery of aluminum was at last made by Wohler in 1827, who succeeded in 1846 in obtaining minute globules or beads of this metal by heating a mixture of chloride of alumina and sodium. Scientific American Supplement, No. 362, December 9, 1882 Ignited alumina is difficultly soluble in acids; it is not reduced by hydrogen at a red heat. A Text-book of Assaying: For the Use of Those Connected with Mines. The bead is turbid, as well in the heat as the cold, when an excess of alumina is present. A System of Instruction in the Practical Use of the Blowpipe Being A Graduated Course Of Analysis For The Use Of Students And All Those Engaged In The Examination Of Metallic Combinations This oxide, called alumina, does not melt until a heat of 5,000° Fahrenheit is reached, four times the heat needed to melt the aluminum itself. Oxy-Acetylene Welding and Cutting Electric, Forge and Thermit Welding together with related methods and materials used in metal working and the oxygen process for removal of carbon It is a siliciferous subsulphate of alumina and potash, a compact feldspar, with the addition of sulphuric acid completely formed in it. Personal Narrative of Travels to the Equinoctial Regions of America, During the Year 1799-1804 — Volume 3 The taste is astringent, probably from the alumina; and it is based upon outcrops of a sandy calcaire apparently fit for hydraulic cement. The Land of Midian — Volume 2 The alumina is contained in the filtrate, which is acidified with hydrochloric acid and the alumina precipitated therefrom as hydrate with ammonia, as just described. A Text-book of Assaying: For the Use of Those Connected with Mines. The greyish white substance was found to consist of silica, alumina, sulphate of lime, and a little oxide of iron and magnesia. The Land of Midian — Volume 1 The same is true of aluminum, in which the oxide, alumina, will be formed, and with several other alloys comprising elements of different melting points. Oxy-Acetylene Welding and Cutting Electric, Forge and Thermit Welding together with related methods and materials used in metal working and the oxygen process for removal of carbon Both these substances, so different in their origin, contain all that constitutes alum, that is to say, alumina, sulphuric acid and potash. Personal Narrative of Travels to the Equinoctial Regions of America, During the Year 1799-1804 — Volume 3 Vauquelin did not discover any traces of that substance in it but he found that it contained more silex than alumina, and three or four per cent of lime. Personal Narrative of Travels to the Equinoctial Regions of America, During the Year 1799-1804 — Volume 2 Filter, wash with hot water, dry, ignite, and weigh as mixed alumina and ferric oxide. A Text-book of Assaying: For the Use of Those Connected with Mines. |
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