| 单词 | cowpox |
| 例句 | He just noticed that people with cowpox didn’t get smallpox. The Fault in Our Stars 2012-01-10T00:00:00Z The folk belief was that if a milkmaid milked a cow blistered with cowpox, she would not contract smallpox. Roddy Doyle Scored 8 Out of 10 on a Quiz About Roddy Doyle 2020-06-25T04:00:00Z The first known use stretches back to 1882 but references pop up earlier related to fluid from cowpox pustules used in inoculations, Sokolowski said. Merriam-Webster chooses vaccine as the 2021 word of the year 2021-11-29T05:00:00Z To test his theory, he took a sample of cowpox from a farm girl named Sarah Nelmes and injected it into his gardener’s 9-year-old son. Lawrence Wright’s New Pandemic Novel Wasn’t Supposed to Be Prophetic 2020-03-12T04:00:00Z The US researchers went on to test a second vaccine based on a modified cowpox virus. Hopes raised as Ebola vaccine protects monkeys for 10 months 2014-09-07T04:00:00Z Early vaccines based on the cowpox virus were deployed in the United States and Europe in the eighteenth century with great effect. World History: from 1400 2022-12-14T00:00:00Z One case study in Germany described an outbreak of cowpox that was caused when someone took an infected cat to a veterinary clinic and four other cats were subsequently infected. Dog That Caught Monkeypox Highlights Risk to Pets and Wild Animals 2022-08-18T04:00:00Z This subset includes the smallpox, vaccinia and cowpox viruses. What is Monkeypox, the Virus Infecting People in the U.S. and Europe? 2022-05-20T04:00:00Z Jenner discovered that inoculation with germs from a cattle disease called cowpox gave permanent protection from smallpox for humans. World History: Patterns of Interaction 2012-01-01T00:00:00Z Edward Jenner, an English doctor, then figured out that exposing people to cowpox, a much more mild disease, could stave off smallpox. Scientists struggle to break COVID-19 vaccine skepticism, dash outlandish claims 2022-02-09T05:00:00Z Essentially, the backbone of this vaccine is identical to one routinely used to immunise elephants against a virus called cowpox. Vaccine trial for killer elephant virus begins 2022-02-02T05:00:00Z Monkeypox is a poxvirus in the same family as variola – the virus that causes smallpox – and cowpox viruses and likely evolved in animals before jumping to humans. Dog That Caught Monkeypox Highlights Risk to Pets and Wild Animals 2022-08-18T04:00:00Z The side effects they dreaded were far more terrifying: blindness, deafness, ulcers, a gruesome skin condition called “cowpox mange” — even sprouting hoofs and horns. The world’s first anti-vaccination movement spread fears of half-cow babies 2021-11-15T05:00:00Z Because cowpox was a much milder disease, the risks for this form of inoculation were much lower. World History: Patterns of Interaction 2012-01-01T00:00:00Z Jenner would stick the cowpox pus under the skin of one volunteer, and, a week later, when a new blister erupted, he would retrieve it for the next person. From cows to COVID: The spooky origins of vaccines 2021-11-14T05:00:00Z Perhaps most famously, Edward Jenner in 1796 inoculated a healthy 8-year-old boy with cowpox derived from a lesion on the hand of a dairymaid. Opinion | Britain Infected Volunteers With the Coronavirus. Why Won’t the U.S.? 2021-10-14T04:00:00Z Though there is a fair bit of research on monkeypox, a lot more work has been done on cowpox, a similar zoonotic poxvirus that is endemic in Europe. Dog That Caught Monkeypox Highlights Risk to Pets and Wild Animals 2022-08-18T04:00:00Z The turning point came — or at least ought to have come — when Jenner discovered that dairymaids were often protected from smallpox because of their exposure to the less-dangerous cowpox. The world’s first anti-vaccination movement spread fears of half-cow babies 2021-11-15T05:00:00Z Jenner used cowpox to produce the world’s first vaccination. World History: Patterns of Interaction 2012-01-01T00:00:00Z He grabbed a stocking needle — used for knitting — and headed out on a mission to find a herd of cattle with cowpox. From cows to COVID: The spooky origins of vaccines 2021-11-14T05:00:00Z He infected people with the milder cowpox virus, which created cross immunity to smallpox. COVID-19: Facts vs. inaccuracies 2021-09-02T04:00:00Z Over the years, there have been several reports of cowpox infection spreading from animals to humans in Europe. Dog That Caught Monkeypox Highlights Risk to Pets and Wild Animals 2022-08-18T04:00:00Z He extracted pus from a woman infected with cowpox, injected it into a healthy boy and exposed him to smallpox. The world’s first anti-vaccination movement spread fears of half-cow babies 2021-11-15T05:00:00Z Many viruses that cause disease in humans can also infect animals — think of Jenner’s cowpox. How Humanity Gave Itself an Extra Life 2021-04-27T04:00:00Z Jesty himself had suffered from this mild infection, known as cowpox, which was caused by a virus closely related to smallpox, but his family hadn't. From cows to COVID: The spooky origins of vaccines 2021-11-14T05:00:00Z His vaccine used samples of the milder disease cowpox — as it was long known in his rural community that women who were exposed to that illness in dairies were immune to smallpox. Edward Jenner Pioneered Vaccination. Will His Museum Survive a Pandemic? 2021-03-28T04:00:00Z In 1796, once the scientist Edward Jenner discovered that people infected with cowpox became immune to smallpox, doctors went from town to town in England, deliberately spreading cowpox by scratching infected material into people’s arms. Five Past Vaccine Drives and How They Worked 2021-01-25T05:00:00Z And cowpox, Rowley wrote, would not only mar an individual but could end his bloodline altogether. The world’s first anti-vaccination movement spread fears of half-cow babies 2021-11-15T05:00:00Z The fight against smallpox inspired early inoculation efforts and led to English physician Edward Jenner’s cowpox vaccine against smallpox in 1796. Vaccines Need Not Completely Stop COVID Transmission to Curb the Pandemic 2021-01-18T05:00:00Z Rather than obtaining the pus from a cow udder, he first took it from the hand of a young woman with cowpox lesions. From cows to COVID: The spooky origins of vaccines 2021-11-14T05:00:00Z Finally, in 1798, the British physician Edward Jenner announced a vaccine, originally using cowpox, that would prevent smallpox. ‘A fearsome decision’: Abigail Adams had her children inoculated against smallpox 2020-12-12T05:00:00Z The concept stretches back to 1796, when scientist Edward Jenner found that exposing patients to cowpox disease protected them against future infections of smallpox, the first step in eradicating the deadly disease. UK may take part in COVID-19 vaccine ‘challenge studies’ 2020-09-24T04:00:00Z But instead of using matter from smallpox pustules, physicians inoculated people with cowpox, a cattle virus that causes milder disease in humans. Vaccines — lessons from three centuries of protest 2020-09-20T04:00:00Z At this point, immunisation was still in its infancy and naturally produced cowpox material varied in quality. 'Better a felon's cell than a poisoned babe' 2019-12-27T05:00:00Z Eight centuries later, British doctor Edward Jenner noticed how milkmaids caught mild cowpox, but rarely went on to contract the deadly smallpox. A brief history of vaccines 2019-06-19T04:00:00Z Immunisation programmes using cowpox fluid quickly gained popularity across Europe. 'Surprise' as teenager catches cowpox 2018-06-15T04:00:00Z The vaccine contains live vaccinia virus, related to cowpox and smallpox. Smallpox vaccine used in risky cancer therapy seized from San Diego stem cell company 2017-08-28T04:00:00Z Popular accounts usually have Jenner using cowpox to inoculate people after he noticed that dairymaids appeared to be immune to smallpox. How Canadian researchers built a poxvirus for $100,000 using mail-order DNA 2017-07-06T04:00:00Z In 1796, Dr. Edward Jenner, an English physician, infected a young boy with cowpox taken from a blister on a milkmaid’s hand. D.A. Henderson, Doctor Who Helped End Smallpox Scourge, Dies at 87 2016-08-21T04:00:00Z In the 18th century, an English physician, Edward Jenner, discovered that exposure to the less dangerous cowpox virus produced immunity to smallpox. D.A. Henderson, ‘disease detective’ who eradicated smallpox, dies at 87 2016-08-20T04:00:00Z "We don't really see cowpox anymore - it's one of those diseases that went away." 'Surprise' as teenager catches cowpox 2018-06-15T04:00:00Z Jenner scraped “matter” taken from a cowpox sore on a dairymaid’s hand into the skin of 8-year-old James Phipps, the son of his occasional gardener, and then repeatedly tried to infect him with smallpox. Studies that intentionally infect people with disease-causing bugs are on the rise 2016-05-18T04:00:00Z In 1796, Edward Jenner created the first vaccine when, using an unwitting child as a subject, he tested his hunch that exposure to cowpox conferred immunity to smallpox. Bacteria on the Brain 2015-12-07T05:00:00Z In the early days, the closely related cowpox virus was used to immunize people against smallpox. AP News in Brief at 5:58 a.m. EST 2015-02-14T05:00:00Z He realized that milkmaids were immune from smallpox, because they contracted cowpox – a mild disease of cows that resembles smallpox – when they were children. Measles Outbreak Shows Vaccines Getting Taken for Granted 2015-02-05T05:00:00Z "Although this resurgence is interesting, it's not something that is particularly worrying as cowpox tends to be benign in nature to otherwise healthy people." 'Surprise' as teenager catches cowpox 2018-06-15T04:00:00Z In the eighteenth century, farmers observed that those who were exposed to cowpox tended not to develop smallpox later on. Eula Biss Wants Us to Rethink Vaccines 2014-09-26T04:00:00Z The only vaccine would be cowpox against smallpox so another goodly portion of us would already be dead from whooping cough, measles, mumps and the rest. Marc Andreessen Is Right About Trickle Down As Apple's iPhone And The $20 Android Prove 2014-06-06T04:00:00Z He concluded that inoculating individuals with cowpox would prevent children from acquiring smallpox in the future. A Doctor's Take On The Anti-Vaccine Movement 2014-03-20T17:00:00Z So he initiated the practice of vaccination with cowpox. Measles Outbreak Shows Vaccines Getting Taken for Granted 2015-02-05T05:00:00Z Yet, when Edward Jenner unveiled his cowpox vaccine in 1797, it raised very similar dystopian fears about the border between human and non-human animals. Ethics: the questions posed by our bionic bodies 2013-06-15T23:05:47Z Ever since the year 1804 a belief was entertained by many persons that the cowpox only afforded a temporary security. Curiosities of Medical Experience 2012-03-09T03:00:20.410Z In the 19th century, doctors produced smallpox vaccines by inoculating cows with cowpox viruses. Amateur Biologists Are New Fear in Making a Mutant Flu Virus 2012-03-05T20:30:07Z By vaccinating a person we inoculate him with vaccinia or cowpox. Essays In Pastoral Medicine 2012-03-05T03:00:09.993Z After he had differentiated genuine cowpox, however, there was no difficulty in tracing its apparent protective power. Makers of Modern Medicine 2011-03-05T03:00:29.580Z An English country doctor named Edward Jenner made this discovery in 1796 after noting that local milkmaids who contracted the annoying but harmless cowpox infection on their hands remained healthy during lethal smallpox epidemics. Essay: Life, Liberty and the Pursuit of Vaccines 2011-02-28T20:14:20Z Dr. Bacon is of opinion that the cowpox is now what it was at the beginning. Curiosities of Medical Experience 2012-03-09T03:00:20.410Z Fortunately in this case the distinct pustule formed by cowpox was telling. First U.S. Cowpox Infection: Acquired From Lab Contamination 2011-02-17T17:59:28Z It was also known that milkmaids were more likely to catch a similar, but milder, infection called cowpox. 2010-03-01T05:00:00Z He soon found, however, that the protection was not afforded unless the cowpox had been communicated at a particular stage of the disease. Makers of Modern Medicine 2011-03-05T03:00:29.580Z The subject of smallpox was mentioned, upon which she observed, "I cannot take that disease, for I have had the cowpox." The Great Events by Famous Historians, Volume 14 The inoculation test in the case of cowpox does not respond with fever and eruption for at least 10 days, and often longer. Special Report on Diseases of Cattle However, CDC investigators found cowpox DNA in many locations around the lab and in stocks of purportedly harmless virus, although no live poxvirus was found on surfaces. First U.S. Cowpox Infection: Acquired From Lab Contamination 2011-02-17T17:59:28Z Jenner theorized that cowpox protected milkmaids from the more serious disease. 2010-03-01T05:00:00Z Jenner demonstrated conclusively that the cowpox protects the human constitution from the infection of smallpox. Makers of Modern Medicine 2011-03-05T03:00:29.580Z In the course of his researches he was led to conclude that swinepox, as well as cowpox, was only a variety of smallpox. The Great Events by Famous Historians, Volume 14 The contagion of cowpox does not travel through the air from animal to animal, but is transfused only by actual contact of the contagious principle with the skin of some susceptible animal. Special Report on Diseases of Cattle Since that time, therefore, cowpox matter or vaccine has been used to develop a mild form of disease for the express purpose of preventing subsequent attacks. Rural Hygiene Whether cowpox is a modified form of smallpox or a distinct disease is unknown. The Home Medical Library, Volume I (of VI) Something of Jenner's enthusiasm for experiment may be gathered from the fact that he did not hesitate even to inject various materials related to cowpox into the arm of his own children. Makers of Modern Medicine 2011-03-05T03:00:29.580Z He found that instances occurred in which the true cowpox failed in preventing smallpox; but nothing daunted by this apparently fatal discovery he set about ascertaining the causes of this deviation. The Great Events by Famous Historians, Volume 14 The method of vaccination with material derived from the eruptions of cowpox as a safeguard against the ravages of smallpox in members of the human family is well known. Special Report on Diseases of Cattle When Jenner introduced inoculation with "cowpox" for the purpose of establishing "immunity" in the vaccinated person, inoculation with smallpox itself was a very usual practice. More Science From an Easy Chair Jenner was led to his great discovery by the remark of an old peasant woman: "I can't catch smallpox, for I have had cowpox." A History of the Nineteenth Century, Year by Year Volume Two (of Three) The boy went through an attack of cowpox in a regularly satisfactory manner. Makers of Modern Medicine 2011-03-05T03:00:29.580Z The modesty of Jenner was evidenced in his original intention of submitting his observations on the cowpox in a paper addressed to the Royal Society. The Great Events by Famous Historians, Volume 14 Those diseases of which the cause is unknown or imperfectly worked out are pleuropneumonia, rinderpest, foot-and-mouth disease, rabies, cowpox, malignant catarrh, and dysentery. Special Report on Diseases of Cattle Sometimes she said it was by “giving of them all the cowpox,” as Dame Spurrell called vaccination as the fashion was in those parts, sometimes it was by sending them all out to Botany Bay. The Carbonels The germ of cowpox, which is believed to be either the cow or horse variety of human smallpox, is cultivated upon healthy calves. A Handbook of Health The disease becomes modified when transferred to cattle, producing what is known as cowpox, in which vesicles similar to those of smallpox appear on the skin. Disease and Its Causes On May 14, 1796, Jenner inserted lymph taken from the hand of Sarah Nelmes who was infected with cowpox, into the arm of James Phipps, a healthy boy about eight years of age. The Great Events by Famous Historians, Volume 14 Among these are included pleuropneumonia, rinderpest, foot-and-mouth disease, rabies, cowpox, and tuberculosis. Special Report on Diseases of Cattle While in London attending to the publication of his pamphlet, Dr. Jenner called on the great surgeon Mr. Cline, and left some cowpox virus with him for trial. Popular Science Monthly Oct, Nov, Dec, 1915 — Volume 86 Smallpox takes thirteen or fourteen days to develop; cowpox runs its course in eight. Doctor Therne Finally, in 1796, he made his first experiment in vaccination, inoculating a boy of eight with cowpox, and, after his recovery, with smallpox; with the result that the boy did not take the latter disease. The Harvard Classics Volume 38 Scientific Papers (Physiology, Medicine, Surgery, Geology) Jenner had not before seen the cowpox but as presented on the hands of the milkers, nor had it been transmitted from one human being to another. The Great Events by Famous Historians, Volume 14 Again, smallpox is communicable to a person who visits the patient in his room but avoids touching him, while cowpox is never thus transferred through the air unless deliberately diffused in the form of spray. Special Report on Diseases of Cattle In the reign of Charles II. it is well known that the court beauties envied the dairy-maids because having had cowpox, they could not take smallpox which all women so dreaded. Popular Science Monthly Oct, Nov, Dec, 1915 — Volume 86 It was easy, therefore, to inoculate man with some of the infectious material from cowpox, and thus give him some protection against the more serious smallpox. The Story of Germ Life However, I must remark that it is unusual for cattle to suffer to such an extent, when disordered with the cowpox, as to make a bystander sensible of any ill smell. The Harvard Classics Volume 38 Scientific Papers (Physiology, Medicine, Surgery, Geology) In this message to the various legislatures the great statesman said: "The hopes placed in the efficacy of the cowpox virus as a preventive of smallpox have proved entirely deceptive." Nature Cure In 1796 Jenner made his first inoculation with cowpox matter, and two months later the same subject was inoculated with small-pox matter. A History of Science — Volume 4 In 1769 a German, Bose, wrote on the subject of cowpox protecting from smallpox. Popular Science Monthly Oct, Nov, Dec, 1915 — Volume 86 Smallpox and cowpox are closely allied and the substances formed in the blood by the one are resistant to the virus of the other. The Evolution of Modern Medicine A Series of Lectures Delivered at Yale University on the Silliman Foundation in April, 1913 Concealing the nature of the malady from Mr. Cole, his new master, and being there also employed in milking, the cowpox was communicated to the cows. The Harvard Classics Volume 38 Scientific Papers (Physiology, Medicine, Surgery, Geology) Cattle roaming in pasture and prairie have never been affected by cowpox, nor have domesticated steers and oxen. Nature Cure Early in 1797, through another outbreak of cowpox, Jenner was able to inoculate three persons with variola, only to find as before that they were immune from smallpox. Popular Science Monthly Oct, Nov, Dec, 1915 — Volume 86 It was rather hard to blame Dr. Jenner for the origin of cowpox. Popular Science Monthly Oct, Nov, Dec, 1915 — Volume 86 I think the substitution of cowpox poison for smallpox one of the greatest improvements that has ever been made in medicine. Popular Science Monthly Oct, Nov, Dec, 1915 — Volume 86 Yet were this to happen before the nature of the cowpox be more maturely considered by the public my evidence on the subject might be depreciated unjustly. The Harvard Classics Volume 38 Scientific Papers (Physiology, Medicine, Surgery, Geology) It appears to have been understood before Jenner's time that persons who had acquired cowpox by handling cattle, but especially by milking cows, were immune from smallpox. Popular Science Monthly Oct, Nov, Dec, 1915 — Volume 86 Jesty died in 1816, and it is recorded on his tombstone that he was the first person who inoculated cowpox to protect from smallpox. Popular Science Monthly Oct, Nov, Dec, 1915 — Volume 86 The English country doctor merely said in essence—"let me give you cowpox and you will not get smallpox." Popular Science Monthly Oct, Nov, Dec, 1915 — Volume 86 Edward Jenner, the Englishman of Berkeley in Gloucestershire, was the first person to think scientifically on the fact that cowpox protected from smallpox. Popular Science Monthly Oct, Nov, Dec, 1915 — Volume 86 In 1788 Jenner had a careful drawing made of the hand of a milkmaid suffering from cowpox to demonstrate to Sir Everard Home how exceedingly similar were vaccinia and variola. Popular Science Monthly Oct, Nov, Dec, 1915 — Volume 86 |
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