| 单词 | consanguineous |
| 例句 | In the 2000s, papers on the genetics of Roma people still referred to the group with the outdated term “Gypsy,” which is considered a slur, or with pejorative terms such as “inbred” or “consanguineous.” The DNA of Roma People Has Long Been Misused, Scientists Reveal 2021-11-17T05:00:00Z But the downside of consanguineous marriage is a relatively high risk for recessive genetic diseases, which develop when both the maternal and paternal copy of a gene are faulty. Saudi gene hunters comb country's DNA to prevent rare diseases 2016-12-08T05:00:00Z “Ninety percent of the cases I see are caused by consanguineous marriages,” says Ms Zaki. Keeping it in the family 2016-02-25T05:00:00Z It is in the existence of such hidden factors that the chief danger in the marriage of cousins, or in fact any consanguineous marriage lies. Being Well-Born An Introduction to Eugenics 2012-05-22T15:16:53.140Z Breeders inform us that the results are markedly in favor of consanguineous unions between healthy, well-bred animals. Health, Happiness, and Longevity Health without medicine: happiness without money: the result, longevity 2012-03-22T02:00:38.537Z Barnes, an English physician, and others claim they find that terata are frequent in consanguineous marriages, but I have not been able to verify the assertion. Essays In Pastoral Medicine 2012-03-05T03:00:09.993Z While the two families were not consanguineous, there had been intermarriages, consequently, more than feelings of friendship existed between them. A Singular Metamorphosis 2012-02-01T03:00:10.613Z Thus far the results of the two customs are the same; but in the Banks group consanguineous marriage is checked by public opinion, which in Fiji favours such marriages. The Fijians A Study of the Decay of Custom 2011-12-30T03:00:25.917Z In consequence of this, and perhaps also on account of the consanguineous marriages, many of the inhabitants of these islands present extraordinary appearances. Norway 2011-11-29T03:00:15.103Z The ancient Egyptians, the Persians, the Syrians, and some other nations, were accustomed to practise consanguineous marriages. Insanity Its Causes and Prevention 2011-08-29T02:01:05.400Z It may either have lived under the domination of a superior but consanguineous race, or living in its vicinity, have, in an humble and feeble degree, profited by its lessons. The Moral and Intellectual Diversity of Races With Particular Reference to Their Respective Influence in the Civil and Political History of Mankind 2011-08-19T02:00:11.867Z In eastern Africa, Sir R. Burton says: “The Somal will not marry one of the same, or even of a consanguineous family,” and the Bakalahari have the same rule. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 10, Slice 1 "Evangelical Church Conference" to "Fairbairn, Sir William" 2011-07-16T02:00:16.387Z These are tabu to one another, being, as I have said, regarded as being as closely consanguineous as actual brothers and sisters. The Fijians A Study of the Decay of Custom 2011-12-30T03:00:25.917Z He calculates that the percentage of consanguineous marriages generally in Scotland is 1·3, or ten times less than with the parents of idiots. Degeneracy Its Causes, Signs and Results 2011-05-02T02:00:17.657Z There have been differing opinions among physicians in reference to the effects upon offspring, both physical and mental, of consanguineous marriages. Insanity Its Causes and Prevention 2011-08-29T02:01:05.400Z Powerful as many of them have been, they assimilated, in this respect, with nations differently governed, but of consanguineous affinity; they formed a fragment only of a greater and more general civilization. The Moral and Intellectual Diversity of Races With Particular Reference to Their Respective Influence in the Civil and Political History of Mankind 2011-08-19T02:00:11.867Z The chief cause of the problem in Qatar is consanguineous marriages, experts here said. Privilege Pulls Qatar Toward Unhealthy Choices 2010-04-26T23:03:00Z Among primitive tribes the groups of consanguineous relations are much larger than among civilized peoples, because there is always a tendency for persons owning any tie of kinship to band together for mutual protection. The Fijians A Study of the Decay of Custom 2011-12-30T03:00:25.917Z Now this accentuation of all family characters is what must always happen in the case of consanguineous marriages. Degeneracy Its Causes, Signs and Results 2011-05-02T02:00:17.657Z Here, then, becomes apparent the danger arising from consanguineous marriages, i. e., that of perpetuating and intensifying unfavorable physical and mental traits, which may be alike on both sides. Insanity Its Causes and Prevention 2011-08-29T02:01:05.400Z The impulse to prevent marriage of consanguineous relatives started by the gens went still further. The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State Whatever the color selected, I observed that each twin-soul priest and priestess wore robes of a consanguineous hue, however the individual stuffs might vary in texture or quality. The Goddess of Atvatabar Being the history of the discovery of the interior world and conquest of Atvatabar A great amount of consanguineous marriage has taken place,—mostly without the formalities prescribed by law. The Challenge of the Country A Study of Country Life Opportunity Totemic relationship was often far from being consanguineous. Degeneracy Its Causes, Signs and Results 2011-05-02T02:00:17.657Z Here and there, even of old time, the wise men recognised it; and we so recognise it to-day, as witness our bars against consanguineous marriage. The Kempton-Wace Letters The murder of a man not consanguineous, even though he be the husband of the murderess, is expiable, does not concern the Erinyes; it is only their duty to prosecute the murder of consanguineous relatives. The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State According to Morgan, the punaluan family has its start with the exclusion of consanguineous brothers and sisters, on the mother's side. Woman under socialism Nevertheless, the perpetuation of consanguineous unions in the same family is not as a rule advisable. The Sexual Question A Scientific, psychological, hygienic and sociological study At the same time the justice of such laws receives support if medical observation leads to the conclusion that consanguineous marriages tend to generate idiocy and insanity.” Degeneracy Its Causes, Signs and Results 2011-05-02T02:00:17.657Z One thing is certain: we cannot look for help to other nations, nor to the amiable disposition of a foe whose pith and pluck are consanguineous with our own, nor to the agency of individuals. The Atlantic Monthly, Volume 14, No. 86, December, 1864 Eternal federation of the five consanguineous tribes on the basis of perfect equality and independence in all internal tribal matters. The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State The children inherited as consanguineous heirs; if there were no children, the relatives of the male line inherited; were none of these in existence, then the property reverted to the gens. Woman under socialism Westermark admits that it is difficult to show clearly that consanguineous marriages are prejudicial in man. The Sexual Question A Scientific, psychological, hygienic and sociological study Virchow, Prof., blindness occurring in the offspring of consanguineous marriages, ii. The Variation of Animals and Plants Under Domestication, Volume II (of 2) A more plausible suggestion is that in consanguineous marriages there is a tendency for the family ties to be reunited and the family ideal restored. A Plea for the Criminal Being a reply to Dr. Chapple's work: 'The Fertility of the Unfit', and an Attempt to explain the leading principles of Criminological and Reformatory Science Normals from the defective strain may marry normals of normal ancestry, but must particularly avoid consanguineous marriages. Introduction to the Science of Sociology Early in 1839 Darwin married his cousin, Emma- 53 - Wedgwood, daughter of his uncle Josiah Wedgwood: a union which, though consanguineous, proved in the highest degree congenial and fortunate. Life of Charles Darwin In polyandry, poverty often plays a greater part than consanguineous marriages or surplus of male births. The Sexual Question A Scientific, psychological, hygienic and sociological study The influence of consanguineous marriage, per se, is insignificant, if it exists.—Pop. Buchanan's Journal of Man, October 1887 Volume 1, Number 9 Insanity is markedly decreasing in India, despite consanguineous marriages. Mother Earth, Vol. 1 No. 3, May 1906 Monthly Magazine Devoted to Social Science and Literature How far, however, if at all, such deafness is to be directly ascribed to consanguineous marriages, is a matter for question. The Deaf Their Position in Society and the Provision for Their Education in the United States Consanguinity means blood relationship, and consanguineous marriages are marriages between near blood relatives. Woman Her Sex and Love Life Influenced, no doubt, by general opinion, Westermark tries to believe in some instinctive repulsion of man for consanguineous unions. The Sexual Question A Scientific, psychological, hygienic and sociological study Taking all these facts into consideration, I cannot but believe that consanguineous marriages, in some way or other, are more or less detrimental to the species. The Tribes and Castes of the Central Provinces of India—Volume I (of IV) The consanguineous marriages shown in this line of descent are by no means the only ones of the kind that took place in the family, many like them being found in collateral lines. Applied Eugenics With regard to consanguineous marriages and their effect on deafness we are on surer ground, so far as may be indicated by statistical data. The Deaf Their Position in Society and the Provision for Their Education in the United States The popular idea is that consanguineous marriages are bad per se. Woman Her Sex and Love Life Exogamy and Endogamy.—Among many savages the prohibition of consanguineous marriage may be extended to relationship of the third degree. The Sexual Question A Scientific, psychological, hygienic and sociological study There is in all their emotions a vascular quality or consanguineous tincture never to be wholly eliminated. The Friendships of Women The defect was described as "optic atrophy associated with a pigmentary retinitis and choryditis" and "this condition," Dr. Penrose averred, "is one stated by the authorities to be due to the effects of consanguineous marriage." Applied Eugenics Of that form of deafness in which neither consanguineous marriages nor antecedent deafness is involved, we are at present, as we have noted, able to say little definitely. The Deaf Their Position in Society and the Provision for Their Education in the United States Recent statistics from various asylums in Germany, for instance, have shown that only about five per cent. of the deaf and dumb children were the offspring of consanguineous marriages. Woman Her Sex and Love Life It was formerly said that consanguineous marriage was contrary to the commandments of God; that it offended the natural sentiment of modesty; that it obscures relationship, etc. The Sexual Question A Scientific, psychological, hygienic and sociological study In the first place, before the marriage, the priest instructs the prospective husband to dedicate a number of objects to Tagab�yao, the goddess of consanguineous love. The Manóbos of Mindanáo Memoirs of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume XXIII, First Memoir There was, indeed, a considerable amount of consanguineous marriage involved. Applied Eugenics "If my handle had not been so consanguineous—" she quavered, again and again. The Garden of the Plynck The idea that the children from consanguineous marriages are apt to be deaf and dumb has no foundation in fact. Woman Her Sex and Love Life But, on the other hand, the dangers of continuous consanguineous reproduction are no less evident. The Sexual Question A Scientific, psychological, hygienic and sociological study Historical sense seems to vanish, and the same savage racial bias supervenes, whether the unruly people concerned are absolutely consanguineous, closely related, or of foreign nationality. The Framework of Home Rule If one is going to credit consanguineous marriage with these evil results, what can one say when evil results fail to follow? Applied Eugenics "I know I could never in Zeelup get there, with this consanguineous handle," hesitated the Teacup, in tears. The Garden of the Plynck It is interesting to know that among the Egyptians, Persians, and Incas of Peru close consanguineous marriages were very common. Woman Her Sex and Love Life The prejudice against consanguineous unions may, however, depend on the accumulation of certain pathological defects. The Sexual Question A Scientific, psychological, hygienic and sociological study These are called sandugo, which means "consanguineous," or "of the same blood." The Philippine Islands, 1493-1898 — Volume 12 of 55 1601-1604 Explorations by Early Navigators, Descriptions of the Islands and Their Peoples, Their History and Records of the Catholic Missions, as Related in Contemporaneous Books and Manuscripts, Showing the Political, Economic, Commercial and Religious Conditions of Those Islands from Their Earliest Relations with European Nations to the Close of the Nineteenth Century In the second generation it ran to another island, and when the data gave out, at the fourth generation, there was not a single case of consanguineous marriage involved. Applied Eugenics So that the percentage of marriages ordinarily considered consanguineous is probably between two, and two and a half. Consanguineous Marriages in the American Population The results of this experiment, as everybody knows, are dead against those who maintain the doctrine of human hybridity, seeing that the Pitcairn Islanders, even though they necessarily contracted consanguineous marriages, throve and multiplied exceedingly. Critiques and Addresses In Ceylon, the Weddas perpetuate their consanguineous unions; insanity is rare among them, but they are small, unfruitful and tend to become extinct. The Sexual Question A Scientific, psychological, hygienic and sociological study As if to conclude the work of long years, the Des Esseintes had intermarried for two centuries, using up, in such consanguineous unions, such strength as remained. Against the Grain In the fourth generation this pedigree, which was far from complete, went out of the islands; so far as the data showed there was not a single case of consanguineous marriage. Applied Eugenics The percentage of consanguineous marriages is decreasing with the increasing ease of communication and is probably less than half as great now as in the days of the stage coach. Consanguineous Marriages in the American Population It is particularly in places where consanguineous marriages are prevalent that supernumerary digits persist in a family. Anomalies and Curiosities of Medicine We shall see later on that nearly all peoples have a certain repugnance to consanguineous marriages. The Sexual Question A Scientific, psychological, hygienic and sociological study Adj. related, akin, consanguineous, of the blood, family, allied, collateral; cognate, agnate, connate; kindred; affiliated; fraternal. <— p. Roget's Thesaurus We are unable to see in such a history as that of Hopetown, Bahama Islands, any evidence that consanguineous marriage necessarily results in degeneracy. Applied Eugenics The results of this inquiry give us the best and most reliable statistical material which has ever been compiled on any phase of the problem of consanguineous marriage. Consanguineous Marriages in the American Population Adj. related, akin, consanguineous, of the blood, family, allied, collateral; cognate, agnate, connate; kindred; affiliated; fraternal. intimately related, nearly related, closely related, remotely related, distantly related, allied; german. Roget's Thesaurus of English Words and Phrases Among animals, natural selection eliminates too consanguineous products. The Sexual Question A Scientific, psychological, hygienic and sociological study Hence their descendants for many generations upheld, as if consanguineous, the modes of address and treatment which became hereditary in families whose originals had travelled in the same ship. West Indian Fables by James Anthony Froude Explained by J. J. Thomas Honesty demands, therefore, that consanguineous marriage be not credited with results for which the consanguineous element is in no wise responsible. Applied Eugenics The extreme variation in the percentages of those who are the offspring of consanguineous marriages cannot be attributed to mere chance. Consanguineous Marriages in the American Population HOFACKER, persistency of colour in horses. -production of dun horses from parents of different colours. -inheritance of peculiarities in handwriting. -heredity in a one horned stag. -on consanguineous marriages. The Variation of Animals and Plants under Domestication — Volume 2 There is, therefore, a strong indication of lowered vitality as a result of consanguineous marriage. Consanguineous Marriages in the American Population Wherever statistics have been gathered it is the rule that the percentage of consanguineous marriage is greater in rural than in urban districts. Consanguineous Marriages in the American Population But when marriage between cousins—the commonest form of consanguineous marriage—is examined, it is found to result frequently well, sometimes ill. Applied Eugenics In the absence of direct investigation by the Census Bureau, or other public records of consanguineous marriages, perhaps the most promising field for research is in the genealogical records of American families. Consanguineous Marriages in the American Population He estimates the consanguineous marriages in France not including second cousins, at from four to five per cent. Consanguineous Marriages in the American Population It is probable that where a number of marriages are vaguely given as consanguineous, few are more distant than second cousins, for in the United States especially, distant relationships are rarely traced except by genealogists. Consanguineous Marriages in the American Population Dr. Bemiss found a very high death-rate among the children of consanguineous marriage, due partly to the fact that his cases were reported by physicians. Consanguineous Marriages in the American Population Many efforts have been made to investigate the occurrence of degeneracy in the offspring of consanguineous marriages, by studying communities in which such unions have been frequent, but the results are untrustworthy. Consanguineous Marriages in the American Population The conclusions, then, in regard to the frequency of consanguineous marriage in the United States may be summarized as follows: 1. Consanguineous Marriages in the American Population Smith's Island, Maryland, as has been said, seems absolutely free from serious congenital abnormalities, in spite of the great frequency of consanguineous marriages. Consanguineous Marriages in the American Population The percentage of idiotic children would then be somewhat higher from consanguineous marriages than from the average marriage purely through the action of the laws of heredity. Consanguineous Marriages in the American Population And 9 per cent of the blind who have blind relatives are of consanguineous parentage, while but 3.1 per cent of the blind who have no blind relatives are the offspring of cousins. Consanguineous Marriages in the American Population The relative amount of degeneracy and disease among the offspring of consanguineous marriages has been enormously exaggerated, and the danger is by no means as great as is popularly supposed. Consanguineous Marriages in the American Population It is true that the most distinctively pauper line is consanguineous, but it is less closely inbred than the "semi-successful" branch. Consanguineous Marriages in the American Population German writers have usually preferred more general subjects, but many of them have given much space to consanguineous marriage in sociological and biological works. Consanguineous Marriages in the American Population Such acknowledgement is due to the many genealogists and other friends who have kindly furnished detailed cases of consanguineous marriage. Consanguineous Marriages in the American Population Within recent years the theory has prevailed among certain sociologists that positive masculinity is stronger in the offspring of consanguineous marriages than in the offspring of unrelated parents. Consanguineous Marriages in the American Population But unless consanguineous marriages can directly be shown to produce an excess of male births greater than the normal, such indirect evidence is valueless. Consanguineous Marriages in the American Population Here the first degenerate was the product of two successive consanguineous marriages, both with a branch tainted with insanity. Consanguineous Marriages in the American Population In this family consanguineous marriages have been very frequent, perhaps partly because the Jukes came to be looked upon as pariahs and could not associate on equal terms with other members of the community. Consanguineous Marriages in the American Population The ills which have at one time or another been attributed to consanguineous marriage include nearly all those which cannot otherwise be satisfactorily accounted for. Consanguineous Marriages in the American Population In this table the percentages of deaf-mute offspring of consanguineous marriage to the total number of deaf-mutes investigated, varies from 30 per cent to none at all. Consanguineous Marriages in the American Population Thus we have in these reports a census inquiry into a phase of the consanguineous marriage problem extending over the period of six successive censal years. Consanguineous Marriages in the American Population Insanity also frequently has been attributed to consanguineous marriage, but not so frequently as idiocy, since its occurrence later in life is not so obviously connected with pre-natal conditions. Consanguineous Marriages in the American Population A consanguineous marriage within a family tainted with deafness would have the same effect as doubling the number of deaf relatives, which as we have seen greatly increases the percentage having deaf children. Consanguineous Marriages in the American Population It is thus possible to account for the large proportion of deafness among persons of consanguineous parentage by the simple action of the laws of heredity. Consanguineous Marriages in the American Population The remaining counts in the indictment against consanguineous marriage may roughly be classified as: 1. Consanguineous Marriages in the American Population An examination of this table will show that the statistics so much relied upon as proving the causation of deaf-mutism by consanguineous marriages show nothing of the sort. Consanguineous Marriages in the American Population The laws of heredity seem to indicate that a consanguineous marriage increases or intensifies in the offspring whatever peculiarities exist in the family. Consanguineous Marriages in the American Population The most important physiological effect of consanguineous marriage is to intensify any or all inheritable family characteristics or peculiarities by double inheritance. Consanguineous Marriages in the American Population And when rational laws prohibit the marriage of the diseased and the degenerate, the problem of consanguineous marriage will cease to be of vital importance. Consanguineous Marriages in the American Population The need for statistics of the frequency of occurrence of consanguineous marriages has been strongly felt by many far-sighted men. Consanguineous Marriages in the American Population Towards determining the average frequency of occurrence of consanguineous marriages, or the proportion which such marriages bear to the whole number of marriages, little has as yet been done in this country. Consanguineous Marriages in the American Population But the perpetuation of a comparatively pure race by marriage within that race, and consanguineous marriage in the narrower sense are different propositions. Consanguineous Marriages in the American Population On the hypothesis that consanguinity in the parents intensifies a tendency toward blindness we should expect to find among the congenitally blind a larger proportion of consanguineous parentage than among those blind from specific causes. Consanguineous Marriages in the American Population Statistics from foreign sources give even larger percentages of the blind as the offspring of consanguineous marriage. Consanguineous Marriages in the American Population Dr. Feer gives a table containing the results of a number of studies of deaf-mutism, which shows an average of 20 per cent as of consanguineous origin. Consanguineous Marriages in the American Population These possible errors might easily explain all the excess of the percentage of consanguinity among those reported as having no deaf relatives over the probable percentage of consanguineous marriage in the general population. Consanguineous Marriages in the American Population For this reason, when idiocy did follow consanguineous marriage as it sometimes would, it was believed to be the fit punishment of some violation of divine law. Consanguineous Marriages in the American Population Dr. Fay found that 31 out of the 4,471 marriages of the deaf were consanguineous, but he expresses the belief that the actual number and percentage of consanguineous marriages of the deaf are larger. Consanguineous Marriages in the American Population This is what occurs when a consanguineous marriage takes place between descendants of a neurotic family. Consanguineous Marriages in the American Population Furthermore, the percentage of consanguineous marriage is probably high in the colored population. Consanguineous Marriages in the American Population |
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