| 单词 | Carnot |
| 例句 | After all, Sadi Carnot finally produced a satisfactory theory of the steam engine only in 1824, more than a hundred years after Newcomen’s first engine, and sixty years after Watt’s. The Invention of Science 2015-09-17T00:00:00Z Its social scene is organized around an inviting main square, Place Carnot, with a picturesque assortment of cafes and shops in which locals and tourists languidly coexist. Seduced by Beaune in Burgundy 2015-09-30T04:00:00Z In front of it, James Corden walked down the middle of Avenue Carnot, singing to the camera while he tore at a long brown wig and dirty floor-length frock. James Corden Still Loves Theater, Even if His Left Eye Is in Pain 2019-06-05T04:00:00Z Though it’s something of a skeleton these days, the French colonial-era Fort Carnot is still standing on a hilltop near the Bokeo Governor’s Office. Treehouses on top of the world: Zip-lining to lodgings in Laos 2016-09-15T04:00:00Z Instead, they gathered on the edge of the city, on the Boulevard Carnot. France pension protest held on outskirts of Cannes Film Festival 2023-05-21T04:00:00Z The second law of thermodynamics can be restated in terms of the Carnot cycle, and so what Carnot actually discovered was this fundamental law. College Physics for AP Courses 2015-08-12T00:00:00Z A later review of Carnot’s findings by Rudolf Clausius introduced a new thermodynamic property that relates the spontaneous heat flow accompanying a process to the temperature at which the process takes place. Chemistry 2019-02-14T00:00:00Z Stroud, her husband Stephane Carnot, and their daughter Olivia, then 17, had consulted primary care doctors in a fruitless attempt to identify the cause of their headaches, dizziness, vomiting and exhaustion. A family suffered weeks of dizziness and nausea. A doctor’s hunch uncovered the cause. 2022-03-19T04:00:00Z These figures include pioneer Sadi Carnot, the first to describe an ideal heat-driven engine, and mathematician Emmy Noether, whose theorems on the conservation of energy vindicated Einstein. The Military’s Role in Oceanography, Deadly Pharmaceutical Negligence, and Other New Science Books 2021-03-31T04:00:00Z In Carnot, in the east of the country, the Norwegian Refugee Council was forced to withdraw a school programme that provided education for young people otherwise vulnerable to recruitment by armed groups. 'Killing, abuse, sexual violence beyond belief': fears grow of all-out war in CAR 2018-11-16T05:00:00Z What is crucial to the Carnot cycle—and, in fact, defines it—is that only reversible processes are used. College Physics for AP Courses 2015-08-12T00:00:00Z The cause was kidney failure, said a son Carnot Evans. Washington-area obituaries of note 2017-09-19T04:00:00Z Early the next morning, Jan. 6, Carnot bought one at a hardware store, brought it home and plugged it in. A family suffered weeks of dizziness and nausea. A doctor’s hunch uncovered the cause. 2022-03-19T04:00:00Z Separately, another property is raided on the Boulevard Carnot, where a man and a woman are arrested. Paris attacks: How the Saint-Denis raid unfolded - BBC News 2015-11-19T05:00:00Z Well, no, thermodynamics was developed by men like Carnot, Clausius, Maxwell, Boltzmann and Gibbs—again, academics not steam mechanics. Where Does Technological Innovation Come From? 2015-11-11T05:00:00Z C , and compare it with the work done by the Carnot engine. College Physics for AP Courses 2015-08-12T00:00:00Z Carnot was convinced that this new technology was a critical factor in Britain’s defeat of France in the Napoleonic wars, and he wanted to ensure that his countrymen could gain the same technological mastery. The Power Revolutions 2015-08-21T04:00:00Z French forces trying to stabilize the former colony also hope families in Carnot will return home. AP PHOTOS: Muslims at C. African Republic church 2014-06-05T04:00:00Z Thursday’s heist occurred about a mile from the Carlton in the decidedly pedestrian Novotel Hotel on Cannes’ crowded main drag, Boulevard Carnot, almost right across from the police station. The Cannes Heist: Who Did It? 2013-05-18T08:45:00Z South Africa's DIG oil is also prospecting in the southeast of the country, near the town of Carnot. Central African Republic coup leader to review resource deals 2013-03-29T20:24:25Z Also shown is a schematic of a Carnot engine operating between hot and cold reservoirs at temperatures Th and Tc . College Physics for AP Courses 2015-08-12T00:00:00Z In 1824, a young French scientist and engineer named Sadi Carnot published a paper on “the motive force of fire.” The Power Revolutions 2015-08-21T04:00:00Z Refrigerators work on this simple concept, known as the Carnot cycle. Maxwell's Demon Meets Quantum Dots 2013-02-18T21:45:00.260Z The ultimate efficiency limit in the conversion of sunlight energy to electrical energy is determined by a Carnot heat engine. Opportunities and challenges for a sustainable energy future 2012-08-15T17:21:52.727Z Carnot’s Description of his Ideal Cycle.—Carnot first gives a rough illustration of an incomplete cycle, using steam much in the same way as it is employed in an ordinary steam-engine. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 13, Slice 2 "Hearing" to "Helmond" 2012-04-25T02:00:53.567Z We say backward, rather than reverse, because except for Carnot engines, all heat engines, though they can be run backward, cannot truly be reversed. College Physics for AP Courses 2015-08-12T00:00:00Z His explanation—the “Carnot cycle”—is still taught to engineers. The Power Revolutions 2015-08-21T04:00:00Z About twenty years after the publication of Carnot's book a further advance was made by J. R. Mayer and J. P. Joule. Popular scientific lectures 2012-04-24T02:00:17.273Z This equation was given by Carnot: it is here obtained by the dynamical theory which regards the work done as accounted for by disappearance, not transference merely, of heat. Lord Kelvin An account of his scientific life and work 2012-04-06T02:00:32.097Z He also gave the general expression for Carnot’s function, and endeavoured to find its variation with temperature; but having no better data, he succeeded no better than Carnot. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 13, Slice 2 "Hearing" to "Helmond" 2012-04-25T02:00:53.567Z We can see how entropy is defined by recalling our discussion of the Carnot engine. College Physics for AP Courses 2015-08-12T00:00:00Z But Carnot also saw in the steam engine “a great revolution” in human civilization—the harnessing of energy on a scale that would transform the world. The Power Revolutions 2015-08-21T04:00:00Z After it had been proved that heat must disappear if mechanical work was to be done at its expense, Carnot's principle could no longer be regarded as a complete expression of the facts. Popular scientific lectures 2012-04-24T02:00:17.273Z This result combined with the equation A derived from the second law, gives an important expression for Carnot's function. Lord Kelvin An account of his scientific life and work 2012-04-06T02:00:32.097Z This mistake is still attributed to Carnot, and regarded as a fatal objection to his reasoning by nearly all writers at the present day. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 13, Slice 2 "Hearing" to "Helmond" 2012-04-25T02:00:53.567Z The definition of ΔS is strictly valid only for reversible processes, such as used in a Carnot engine. College Physics for AP Courses 2015-08-12T00:00:00Z The base of Carnot's character was that faculty for organization which was the mainspring of Gavan Duffy's various and powerful genius. The Catholic World; Volume I, Issues 1-6 A Monthly Eclectic Magazine 2012-04-05T02:00:40.207Z Carnot's principle led to the most remarkable results. Popular scientific lectures 2012-04-24T02:00:17.273Z Its methods and conclusions were set forth by Thomson in 1849 in a memoir which he entitled, "An Account of Carnot's Theory of the Motive Power of Heat." Lord Kelvin An account of his scientific life and work 2012-04-06T02:00:32.097Z These axioms, however, cannot as a rule be directly applied, so that it would appear preferable to take Carnot’s principle itself as the second law. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 13, Slice 2 "Hearing" to "Helmond" 2012-04-25T02:00:53.567Z Now let us take a look at the change in entropy of a Carnot engine and its heat reservoirs for one full cycle. College Physics for AP Courses 2015-08-12T00:00:00Z We nodded acceptance of the theory, but the next wine-laden street was called Carnot and the next was Jeanne d'Arc. The A.E.F. With General Pershing and the American Forces 2012-03-09T03:00:18.240Z Carnot pictures to himself an ideal process in which no heat flows away unused, that is, without doing work. Popular scientific lectures 2012-04-24T02:00:17.273Z This is the first great advantage of the method of reasoning which Carnot introduced. Lord Kelvin An account of his scientific life and work 2012-04-06T02:00:32.097Z The proof on this basis involves the application of the energy principle, which does not appear to be necessary, and the axiom to which final appeal is made does not appear more convincing than Carnot’s. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 13, Slice 2 "Hearing" to "Helmond" 2012-04-25T02:00:53.567Z Carnot cycles without heat loss may be possible at absolute zero, but this has never been seen in nature. College Physics for AP Courses 2015-08-12T00:00:00Z He knew scarce a word of French, yet went he straight to Carnot, who, in a satin dressing-gown, was holding lev�es at the Luxembourg. My Lords of Strogue, Vol. I (of III) A Chronicle of Ireland, from the Convention to the Union 2012-02-15T03:00:34.177Z Technical interests and the need of scientific lucidity meeting in the mind of S. Carnot led to the remarkable development from which thermodynamics flowed. Popular scientific lectures 2012-04-24T02:00:17.273Z Carnot does not attempt this; he merely contents himself with describing certain cycles of operations which obviously can be carried through in the reverse order. Lord Kelvin An account of his scientific life and work 2012-04-06T02:00:32.097Z Heat equilibrium in an enclosure of constant temperature such as is here postulated by Prevost, has often been regarded as a consequence of Carnot’s principle. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 13, Slice 2 "Hearing" to "Helmond" 2012-04-25T02:00:53.567Z Any heat engine using reversible processes and operating between these two temperatures will have the same maximum efficiency as the Carnot engine. College Physics for AP Courses 2015-08-12T00:00:00Z Theobald has been ten months in Paris, is hand and glove they say with General Hoche, and Carnot, the "Organiser of Victory." My Lords of Strogue, Vol. I (of III) A Chronicle of Ireland, from the Convention to the Union 2012-02-15T03:00:34.177Z This property of reversibility is also shared by the process of Carnot. Popular scientific lectures 2012-04-24T02:00:17.273Z I gained ideas which had never entered my mind before, and I thought I, too, suggested something worthy of Joule's consideration when I told him of Carnot's theory. Lord Kelvin An account of his scientific life and work 2012-04-06T02:00:32.097Z Carnot in making the same calculation did not obtain quite so good an agreement, because the experimental data at that time available were not so accurate. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 13, Slice 2 "Hearing" to "Helmond" 2012-04-25T02:00:53.567Z Any engine that uses the Carnot cycle enjoys the maximum theoretical efficiency. College Physics for AP Courses 2015-08-12T00:00:00Z Danton was not a great practical administrator and contriver, like Carnot, for instance. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 7, Slice 9 "Dagupan" to "David" 2012-02-11T03:03:39.807Z Our statement might also be historically justified by examples from the scientific labors of Stevinus, S. Carnot, Faraday, J. R. Mayer, and others. Popular scientific lectures 2012-04-24T02:00:17.273Z Its ratio to the difference of temperature dt between source and refrigerator was called "Carnot's function," and the determination of this function by experiment was at first perhaps the most important problem of thermodynamics. Lord Kelvin An account of his scientific life and work 2012-04-06T02:00:32.097Z Employing the above expression for the latent heat of expansion, Carnot deduced a general expression for the specific heat of a gas at constant volume on the basis of the caloric theory. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 13, Slice 2 "Hearing" to "Helmond" 2012-04-25T02:00:53.567Z While Carnot engines are ideal engines, in reality, no engine achieves Carnot's theoretical maximum efficiency, since dissipative processes, such as friction, play a role. College Physics for AP Courses 2015-08-12T00:00:00Z This was all the more accentuated when on June 24, 1894, in revenge for the death of the anarchist, Henri, an Italian assassinated M. Sadi Carnot, President of the Republic, at Lyons. The War Upon Religion Being an Account of the Rise and Progress of Anti-christianism in Europe 2011-12-24T03:07:55.507Z Carnot may have been as infamous as Bar�re; but it is unjust to tar them with the same brush. Letters of Lord Acton To Mary, Daughter of the Right Hon. W. E. Gladstone 2011-12-06T03:00:20.687Z The corresponding function in the true dynamical theory is always called Carnot's. Lord Kelvin An account of his scientific life and work 2012-04-06T02:00:32.097Z It appears in fact impossible to reconcile Carnot’s principle with the caloric theory on any simple assumptions. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 13, Slice 2 "Hearing" to "Helmond" 2012-04-25T02:00:53.567Z What would the hot reservoir temperature be for a Carnot engine having that efficiency, if it operates with a cold reservoir temperature of 200ºC ? College Physics for AP Courses 2015-08-12T00:00:00Z Among the directors the lot fell on Letourneur to retire, and he was succeeded by Barth�lemy, an eminent diplomatist, who allied himself with Carnot. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 11, Slice 2 "French Literature" to "Frost, William" 2011-10-14T02:00:26.280Z On June 6th he thanks Carnot for a kind letter, adding that the best reward to sweeten labour and perils is the esteem of the few men one really admires. Napoleon's Letters to Josephine 2011-09-23T02:00:21.947Z He states, further, that the difficulty would be entirely avoided by abandoning Carnot's principle that mechanical effect is obtained by "the transference of heat from one body to another at a lower temperate." Lord Kelvin An account of his scientific life and work 2012-04-06T02:00:32.097Z Clapeyron gave the general expressions for the latent heat of a vapour, and for the latent heat of isothermal expansion of any substance, in terms of Carnot’s function, employing the notation of the calculus. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 13, Slice 2 "Hearing" to "Helmond" 2012-04-25T02:00:53.567Z Figure 15.22 This novelty toy, known as the drinking bird, is an example of Carnot's engine. College Physics for AP Courses 2015-08-12T00:00:00Z What this multiplication of their tasks meant to the Committee of Public Safety and to Carnot in particular it is impossible to realize. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 11, Slice 2 "French Literature" to "Frost, William" 2011-10-14T02:00:26.280Z Meanwhile, and two days before Napoleon's letter to Carnot just mentioned, the latter, on behalf of the Directory, suggests the division of his command with the old Alsatian General Kellermann. Napoleon's Letters to Josephine 2011-09-23T02:00:21.947Z As we have seen, he had given Joule a description of Carnot's essay on the Motive Power of Heat and the conclusions, or some of them, therein contained. Lord Kelvin An account of his scientific life and work 2012-04-06T02:00:32.097Z In reality Carnot’s original demonstration requires no correction. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 13, Slice 2 "Hearing" to "Helmond" 2012-04-25T02:00:53.567Z He devised a theoretical cycle, now called the Carnot cycle, which is the most efficient cyclical process possible. College Physics for AP Courses 2015-08-12T00:00:00Z Severe integrity and memorable public services raised Carnot far above his colleagues, but he was not a statesman and was hampered by his past. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 11, Slice 2 "French Literature" to "Frost, William" 2011-10-14T02:00:26.280Z On April 22nd he urges Moreau to begin his campaign with the army of the Rhine, an order reiterated on April 24th through Carnot, again made Minister of War. Napoleon's Letters to Josephine 2011-09-23T02:00:21.947Z In this way any cycle of operations whatever may be regarded as made up of a series of Carnot cycles. Lord Kelvin An account of his scientific life and work 2012-04-06T02:00:32.097Z Carnot’s Statement of his Principle.5—If the above reasoning be admitted, we must conclude with Carnot that the motive power obtainable from heat is independent of the agents employed to realize it. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 13, Slice 2 "Hearing" to "Helmond" 2012-04-25T02:00:53.567Z Any heat engine employing the Carnot cycle is called a Carnot engine. College Physics for AP Courses 2015-08-12T00:00:00Z But Hoche, in this his last campaign, displayed the brilliant energy of his first, and delivered the “series of incessant blows” that Carnot had urged upon Jourdan the year before. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 11, Slice 2 "French Literature" to "Frost, William" 2011-10-14T02:00:26.280Z It is pleasant to find Napoleon's confidence in Carnot, in view of Barras' insinuations that the latter had cared only for Moreau—his type of Xenophon. Napoleon's Letters to Josephine 2011-09-23T02:00:21.947Z But without regarding any cycle of a more general kind than Carnot's as thus compounded, we can draw conclusions from it by the dynamical theory provided only it is reversible. Lord Kelvin An account of his scientific life and work 2012-04-06T02:00:32.097Z Carnot’s rule is therefore the criterion of the reversibility of a cycle of operations as regards transfer of heat. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 13, Slice 2 "Hearing" to "Helmond" 2012-04-25T02:00:53.567Z Carnot also determined the efficiency of a perfect heat engine—that is, a Carnot engine. College Physics for AP Courses 2015-08-12T00:00:00Z On this same day Bonaparte tells the Minister of War, Carnot, that Moncey has only brought half the expected reinforcements and that half of these are unreliable. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 11, Slice 2 "French Literature" to "Frost, William" 2011-10-14T02:00:26.280Z Suddenly, without warning, smoke tumbled over the bows of the Lazare Carnot. The Great War in England in 1897 2011-09-20T02:00:17.083Z Joule apparently knew nothing of Carnot's theory, and had therefore come to the consideration of the subject without any preconceived opinions. Lord Kelvin An account of his scientific life and work 2012-04-06T02:00:32.097Z Experimental Verification of Carnot’s Principle.—Carnot endeavoured to test his result by the following simple calculations. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 13, Slice 2 "Hearing" to "Helmond" 2012-04-25T02:00:53.567Z No real heat engine can do as well as the Carnot efficiency—an actual efficiency of about 0.7 of this maximum is usually the best that can be accomplished. College Physics for AP Courses 2015-08-12T00:00:00Z “Beware of giving horses to the ‘Hussars of Liberty,’” wrote Carnot, “all these new corps are abominable.” Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 11, Slice 2 "French Literature" to "Frost, William" 2011-10-14T02:00:26.280Z The next month an Italian anarchist murders President Carnot, the noblest of men and an able statesman, worthy grandson of the victor of Wattignies, of Lazare Carnot, the "Organiser of Victory." My Memoirs 2011-09-13T02:00:28.713Z It is worthy of notice that the indicator-diagram method of graphically representing the changes in a cycle of operations is adopted in Thomson's "Account," but does not occur in Carnot's essay. Lord Kelvin An account of his scientific life and work 2012-04-06T02:00:32.097Z The second law of thermodynamics is a title often used to denote Carnot’s principle or some equivalent mathematical expression. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 13, Slice 2 "Hearing" to "Helmond" 2012-04-25T02:00:53.567Z But the ideal Carnot engine, like the drinking bird above, while a fascinating novelty, has zero power. College Physics for AP Courses 2015-08-12T00:00:00Z Thither came Carnot, the engineer officer who was in charge of military affairs In the Committee of Public Safety and is known to history as the “Organizer of Victory.” Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 11, Slice 2 "French Literature" to "Frost, William" 2011-10-14T02:00:26.280Z It will be recognized that this is the Carnot cycle, and the efficiency E is the maximum possible between the temperature limits in accordance with the well-known second law of thermo-dynamics. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 11, Slice 4 "G" to "Gaskell, Elizabeth" 2011-08-24T02:00:20.690Z Carnot showed that the work done by an ideal engine, in transferring heat from one temperature to another, was to be found by means of a certain function of the temperature, hence called "Carnot's function." Lord Kelvin An account of his scientific life and work 2012-04-06T02:00:32.097Z In some cases this title is not conferred on Carnot’s principle itself, but on some axiom from which the principle may be indirectly deduced. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 13, Slice 2 "Hearing" to "Helmond" 2012-04-25T02:00:53.567Z Carnot's interesting result implies that 100% efficiency would be possible only if Tc = 0 K —that is, only if the cold reservoir were at absolute zero, a practical and theoretical impossibility. College Physics for AP Courses 2015-08-12T00:00:00Z Carnot had set before them the ideal of a decisive battle as the great object. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 11, Slice 2 "French Literature" to "Frost, William" 2011-10-14T02:00:26.280Z This equation in effect says that thermal efficiency operating on the Carnot cycle depends upon the temperatures before and after compression. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 11, Slice 4 "G" to "Gaskell, Elizabeth" 2011-08-24T02:00:20.690Z For example, Thomson asks, in his "Account of Carnot's Theory," what becomes of the mechanical effect which might be produced by heat which is transferred from one body to another by conduction. Lord Kelvin An account of his scientific life and work 2012-04-06T02:00:32.097Z He did not see his way to reconcile this conclusion with Clapeyron’s description of Carnot’s cycle. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 13, Slice 2 "Hearing" to "Helmond" 2012-04-25T02:00:53.567Z The equation by which the change of the F.P. is calculated may be proved by a simple application of the Carnot cycle, exactly as in the case of vapour and liquid. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 11, Slice 3 "Frost" to "Fyzabad" 2011-08-15T02:00:28.473Z Carnot encouraged the garrisons of Dunkirk and Bergues, and caused the sluices to be opened. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 11, Slice 2 "French Literature" to "Frost, William" 2011-10-14T02:00:26.280Z In May 1869 he was returned to the Assembly, both by the first circumscription of Paris and by Marseilles, defeating Hippolyte Carnot for the former constituency and Thiers and Lesseps for the latter. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 11, Slice 4 "G" to "Gaskell, Elizabeth" 2011-08-24T02:00:20.690Z Carnot's view of the working of a heat engine was founded on the analogy of the performance of work by a stream of water descending from a higher level to a lower. Lord Kelvin An account of his scientific life and work 2012-04-06T02:00:32.097Z Carnot’s function is the same for all substances at the same temperature, and is a function of the temperature only, it supplies a means of measuring temperature independently of the properties of any particular substance. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 13, Slice 2 "Hearing" to "Helmond" 2012-04-25T02:00:53.567Z The Rue Carnot communicates with the courtyard of the Chapter-House, also burnt, by a great gate and passage which pass right through a house. Rheims and the Battles for its Possession Illustrated Michelin Guides to the Battle-Fields (1914-1918) 2011-07-31T02:00:09.963Z On the other side, Carnot, of course, foresaw this possibility. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 11, Slice 2 "French Literature" to "Frost, William" 2011-10-14T02:00:26.280Z Mr Podmore relates how a neighbour of his on the night of 24th June 1894 dreamed President Carnot had been assassinated. Occultism and Common-Sense 2011-07-16T02:00:14.303Z This change was made by Thomson in his second paper: but he found the ideas of Carnot of direct and fruitful application in the new theory. Lord Kelvin An account of his scientific life and work 2012-04-06T02:00:32.097Z In reality the fraction of the heat of combustion available, even in an ideal engine and apart from practical limitations, is much less than might be inferred from the efficiency formula of the Carnot cycle. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 13, Slice 2 "Hearing" to "Helmond" 2012-04-25T02:00:53.567Z Sadi Carnot was consequently elected president of the Republic on the 3rd of December 1887. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 10, Slice 8 "France" to "Francis Joseph I." 2011-05-27T02:00:16.463Z But M. Cl�menceau, fearing the election of Jules Ferry, advised his followers to vote for an “outsider,” and after some manœuvring the congress elected by a large majority Sadi Carnot. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 10, Slice 7 "Fox, George" to "France" 2011-05-15T02:00:07.897Z Rossel answered that a fort defends itself with the bayonet and quoted the work of Carnot. History of the Commune of 1871 2011-05-07T02:00:33.113Z Tables of the work performed by various steam engines working between different stated temperatures were given at the close of the "Account," and compared with the theoretical "duty" as calculated for112 Carnot's ideal perfect engine. Lord Kelvin An account of his scientific life and work 2012-04-06T02:00:32.097Z Improvements in the steam-engine since Carnot’s time have been mainly in the direction of reducing waste due to condensation and leakage by multiple expansion, superheating, &c. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 13, Slice 2 "Hearing" to "Helmond" 2012-04-25T02:00:53.567Z That the relations between the two nations were better was shown by what occurred after the murder of President Carnot in June 1894. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 10, Slice 8 "France" to "Francis Joseph I." 2011-05-27T02:00:16.463Z The grandson of Lazare Carnot, the “organizer of victory” of the Convention, he was also a man of unsullied probity. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 10, Slice 7 "Fox, George" to "France" 2011-05-15T02:00:07.897Z Carnot was walking gloomily up and down the room. Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine, Volume 60, No. 369, July 1846 2011-04-29T02:00:09.217Z This is a question upon which Carnot delivers himself very strongly in endeavouring to impress upon French officers the necessity of defence to the last moment. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 10, Slice 6 "Foraminifera" to "Fox, Edward" 2011-04-22T02:00:08.637Z Carnot pointed out, the chief advantage of using atmospheric air as a working fluid in a heat-engine lies in the possibility of imparting heat to it directly by internal combustion. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 13, Slice 2 "Hearing" to "Helmond" 2012-04-25T02:00:53.567Z The Committee was presided over, that day, by Carnot the elder, an officer of genius, and one of the greatest captains of the time. The Sword of Honor, volumes 1 & 2 or The Foundation of the French Republic, A Tale of The French Revolution 2011-03-21T02:00:09.090Z The only figure in the Republic which grew in prestige was that of M. Carnot, who in his frequent presidential tours dignified his office, though his modesty made him unduly efface his own personality. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 10, Slice 7 "Fox, George" to "France" 2011-05-15T02:00:07.897Z Carnot, the predecessor of Napoleon, and the organising soldier of the early revolutionary wars, owed his power to backbone. The French Revolution 2011-02-10T03:00:50.577Z It is interesting to contrast with this passage some remarks by Sir John Jones, made in answer to Carnot’s book. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 10, Slice 6 "Foraminifera" to "Fox, Edward" 2011-04-22T02:00:08.637Z Carnot foresaw that in order to render an engine of this type practically efficient, it would be necessary to compress the mixture before ignition. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 13, Slice 2 "Hearing" to "Helmond" 2012-04-25T02:00:53.567Z Such was the opinion held by Robespierre, St. Just, Condorcet, Carnot, Danton, several Girondins, and, in fact, the great majority of the house. The Sword of Honor, volumes 1 & 2 or The Foundation of the French Republic, A Tale of The French Revolution 2011-03-21T02:00:09.090Z Like Carnot and Casimir-P�rier, he was, therefore, one of those rare politicians of the Republic who possessed some hereditary tradition. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 10, Slice 7 "Fox, George" to "France" 2011-05-15T02:00:07.897Z But Carnot recognised it at Hoondschoote and used it ever after. The French Revolution 2011-02-10T03:00:50.577Z The reader is referred to Carnot’s D�fense des places fortes for a most interesting summary of such cases, one or two of which are quoted below. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 10, Slice 6 "Foraminifera" to "Fox, Edward" 2011-04-22T02:00:08.637Z In the modern gas or petrol motor, compression is employed as in Carnot’s cycle, but the efficiency attainable is limited not so much by considerations of temperature as by limitations of volume. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 13, Slice 2 "Hearing" to "Helmond" 2012-04-25T02:00:53.567Z Carnot’s Principle: Entropy.—The whole subject is involved in the new principle contributed to theoretical physics by Sadi Carnot in 1824, in which the far-reaching modern conception of cyclic processes was first scientifically developed. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 9, Slice 3 "Electrostatics" to "Engis" 2011-02-06T03:00:53.093Z Before the second Dupuy ministry had been in office a month President Carnot died by the knife of an anarchist at Lyons. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 10, Slice 7 "Fox, George" to "France" 2011-05-15T02:00:07.897Z What was ruling the country was the Committee of Public Safety, in which Carnot's was the chief brain. The French Revolution 2011-02-10T03:00:50.577Z A century has passed since Carnot and Jones wrote, and the ideas in which they had been educated were those of the pre-Napoleonic era. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 10, Slice 6 "Foraminifera" to "Fox, Edward" 2011-04-22T02:00:08.637Z It differs from the Carnot cycle in employing reception and rejection of heat at constant volume instead of at constant temperature. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 13, Slice 2 "Hearing" to "Helmond" 2012-04-25T02:00:53.567Z The general theory is thus largely confined, as above, to defining the restrictions on the degree of variability of a complex chemical system which the principle of Carnot imposes. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 9, Slice 3 "Electrostatics" to "Engis" 2011-02-06T03:00:53.093Z MM. de Freycinet and Carnot, afterwards president of the Republic, represented the moderate element in this ministry, which superintended the general elections under scrutin de liste. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 10, Slice 7 "Fox, George" to "France" 2011-05-15T02:00:07.897Z But the Committee disagreed, and were evidence available we should perceive that Carnot in particular determined that such opposition must cease. The French Revolution 2011-02-10T03:00:50.577Z No sooner was this paper received than the wild excitement of the deputies and peers subsided, and at once a new Directory, consisting of Carnot, Fouch�, Caulaincourt, and Quinette, took up the reins of government. The Life of Napoleon Bonaparte Vol. IV. (of IV.) 2011-01-05T03:00:52.520Z Heat, according to Carnot, in the type of engine we are considering, can evidently be a cause of motive power only by virtue of changes of volume or form produced by alternate heating and cooling. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 13, Slice 2 "Hearing" to "Helmond" 2012-04-25T02:00:53.567Z In May 1894 he again became premier and minister of the interior; and he was by President Carnot’s side when the latter was stabbed to death at Lyons in June. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 8, Slice 8 "Dubner" to "Dyeing" 2010-12-26T03:00:17.840Z If Louis was the creator of the royal army, Carnot was so of the revolutionary army. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 2, Slice 6 "Armour Plates" to "Arundel, Earls of" The first was the sudden serious internal menace opposed to the Republican Government; the second was the advent of Carnot to power; the third was the English diversion upon Dunquerque. The French Revolution 2011-02-10T03:00:50.577Z The second law of thermodynamics, Carnot's law, may therefore be enunciated thus: "Energy cannot be transformed without a fall of potential." The Mechanism of Life This cycle is not so efficient as the Carnot cycle for given limits of temperature, but, for the given limits of volume imposed, it gives a much higher efficiency than the Carnot cycle. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 13, Slice 2 "Hearing" to "Helmond" 2012-04-25T02:00:53.567Z Promoted general of brigade for this feat, he soon received further advancement from Carnot, who recognized his abilities. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 8, Slice 8 "Dubner" to "Dyeing" 2010-12-26T03:00:17.840Z When Carnot’s arrest was demanded in May 1795, a deputy cried “Will you dare to lay hands on the man who has organized victory?” Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 5, Slice 4 "Carnegie Andrew" to "Casus Belli" The members elected to the new Committee did not include Carnot, but the military genius of this man was already public. The French Revolution 2011-02-10T03:00:50.577Z We must therefore add a third to the two laws of energetics, Mayer's law of conservation, and Carnot's law of fall of potential. The Mechanism of Life The formula is the same as that for the Carnot cycle with the same range of temperature in expansion. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 13, Slice 2 "Hearing" to "Helmond" 2012-04-25T02:00:53.567Z The idea had originated with Carnot; the institution was intended to educate soldiers for the corps of artillery, the cavalry, and the infantry. Paris From the Earliest Period to the Present Day; Volume 2 This “Carnot wall,” and, in general, Carnot’s principle of active defence, played a great part in the rise of modern fortification. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 5, Slice 4 "Carnegie Andrew" to "Casus Belli" Carnot, however, sufficiently knew the virtues as the vices of his novel troops, the troops of the great levy, stiffened with a proportion of regulars, to attempt an extraordinary thing. The French Revolution 2011-02-10T03:00:50.577Z The laws of Mayer and Carnot alone are not sufficient to explain the phenomena of life, without some consideration of the laws of stimulus. The Mechanism of Life In discussing this problem, we cannot do better than follow Carnot’s reasoning which, in its main features could hardly be improved at the present day. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 13, Slice 2 "Hearing" to "Helmond" 2012-04-25T02:00:53.567Z Carnot, the most illustrious of the five Directors, gave the command of the army of Italy to Napoleon Bonaparte. Paris From the Earliest Period to the Present Day; Volume 2 He did not seek employment in the field in the aggressive wars of Napoleon, remaining a sincere republican, but in 1814, when France itself was once more in danger, Carnot at once offered his services. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 5, Slice 4 "Carnegie Andrew" to "Casus Belli" The enthusiasm of Saint-Just, the science of Carnot, decided victory at this eastern end of the line. The French Revolution 2011-02-10T03:00:50.577Z Mayer's principle asserts the conservation of energy, and Carnot's the conditions necessary for its transformation, but these alone cannot account for the transformation of potential into actual energy. The Mechanism of Life Carnot’s Rule for Maximum Effect.—In order to realize the maximum effect, it is necessary that, in the process employed, there should not be any direct interchange of heat between bodies at different temperatures. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 13, Slice 2 "Hearing" to "Helmond" 2012-04-25T02:00:53.567Z Finally, Carnot was a compromise candidate, or "dark horse," a Moderate acceptable to the Radicals still unwilling to endure the leading candidate Ferry. A History of the Third French Republic Carnot was a stern and sincere republican, and voted for the execution of the king. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 5, Slice 4 "Carnegie Andrew" to "Casus Belli" Carnot, who soon proved the military genius of the Revolution, entered the Committee of Public Safety. The French Revolution 2011-02-10T03:00:50.577Z The second principle of energetics, that of Carnot, enunciated in 1824, deals with the conditions under which a transformation of energy is possible. The Mechanism of Life There are also monuments to those inhabitants of Dijon who fell in the engagement before the town in 1870, and to President Carnot and Garibaldi. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 8, Slice 4 "Diameter" to "Dinarchus" Never were more futile and abominable crimes committed than those which sacrificed Carnot and McKinley. A History of the Third French Republic President Carnot’s ostensible part during this agitation was mainly confined to augmenting his popularity by well-timed appearances on public occasions, which gained credit for the presidency and the republic. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 5, Slice 4 "Carnegie Andrew" to "Casus Belli" I think I could teach them something they don't learn from Citizen Carnot.—Well, sir,' said he, turning abruptly towards me, 'how many squadrons of the "Guides" are completed?' Maurice Tiernay Soldier of Fortune The actual state of our knowledge with regard to the science of energy rests on two principles, that of Mayer and that of Carnot. The Mechanism of Life With a heavy groan, I turned back; and if I did not curse Vauban and Carnot, it was because I am a good Christian, and of a most forgiving temper. Arthur O'Leary His Wanderings And Ponderings In Many Lands The customary promptness in the choice of a President, so unfamiliar to American campaigns, was observed in the election of Carnot's successor. A History of the Third French Republic His labours were incessant; practically every military document in the archives of the committee was Carnot’s own work, and he was repeatedly in the field with the armies. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 5, Slice 4 "Carnegie Andrew" to "Casus Belli" But the more watchful supervision of Anarchists that has been exercised since the murder of President Sadi Carnot, appears to have disgusted him with London, for his present place of abode is not known. Anarchism A Criticism and History of the Anarchist Theory With what delight, then, did I hang over the pages of Carnot and Jomini! Tom Burke Of "Ours", Volume I After the series of tragedies which ended with the murder of Carnot, the French police hunted the anarchists from pillar to post. Violence and the Labor Movement Wrecked furniture was hip deep on the Rue Carnot. "And they thought we wouldn't fight" Carnot, was born at Paris on the 1st of June 1796. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 5, Slice 4 "Carnegie Andrew" to "Casus Belli" Well, a well grown Rubra in full bloom is a gorgeous sight, but the President Carnot is more beautiful, is a more robust and more rapid grower. The Mayflower, January, 1905 Carnot's ideal engine was described by him in terms that imply the materiality of heat. The Machinery of the Universe Mechanical Conceptions of Physical Phenomena President Carnot, however, refused to extend any mercy, and Vaillant was guillotined. Violence and the Labor Movement Mr. Lincoln, outdoing Carnot for military sagacity and capacity, Mr. Lincoln approved Gilmore's plans. Diary from November 12, 1862, to October 18, 1863 His part in Jourdan’s great victory at Wattignies was so important that the credit of the day has often been assigned to Carnot. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 5, Slice 4 "Carnegie Andrew" to "Casus Belli" Since that period, Chevalier was appointed Professor of Political Economy at the College of France, a berth from whence he was removed by Carnot, Minister of Public Instruction, but afterwards reinstated by subsequent ministers. The International Monthly, Volume 3, No. 2, May, 1851 To expect from Mr. Lincoln's Napoleons, Carnots, &c., vigorous and rapid military operations, is the same as to mount cavalry on thoroughly lame horses, and order it to charge � fond de train. Diary from March 4, 1861, to November 12, 1862 It was not society or a system or even a class that was to blame; it was McKinley, or Carnot, or Frick. Violence and the Labor Movement Of course it is impossible with Lincoln for President, and first McClellan and then Halleck to counterfeit the parts of the first Napoleon, and the at once energetic and scientific Carnot. Diary from November 12, 1862, to October 18, 1863 Carnot had just accepted promotion to the rank of major in the engineers. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 5, Slice 4 "Carnegie Andrew" to "Casus Belli" Three years later, he was promoted to Paris, to the Lycée Carnot. The Frontier To those statesmen and Napoleons, Carnots, &c., it is as impossible to manœuvre with rapidity, to strike boldly and decidedly, as to dance on their well-furnished heads. Diary from March 4, 1861, to November 12, 1862 A month or so later, June 25, President Carnot arrived at Lyons to open an exposition. Violence and the Labor Movement It clearly establishes Mr. Lincoln's right to be considered at least a Carnot, if not a Napoleon, vide the Republican newspapers. Diary from November 12, 1862, to October 18, 1863 What is Carnot to us or we to Carnot, that we should weep for him? British Socialism An Examination of Its Doctrines, Policy, Aims and Practical Proposals M. Hippolyte Carnot asserts that a motion similar to that of Bar�re was made in the English Parliament by the late Lord Fitzwilliam. Critical and Historical Essays, Volume III (of 3) They ought to have for Secretary of War, if not a Carnot, at least a man of great energy, honesty, of strong will, and of a thorough devotion to the cause. Diary from March 4, 1861, to November 12, 1862 The deputy who failed to appear was Carnot. Lectures on the French Revolution If Lincoln had even a Carnot for Secretary of War, the affairs would not go better than they go now. Diary from November 12, 1862, to October 18, 1863 Three Frenchmen out of every four are convinced that Carnot was a civilian, and the statement has often appeared in print. The Cult of Incompetence But even the best of them, Carnot for example and Cambon, were far too unscrupulous as to the means which they employed for the purpose of attaining great ends. Critical and Historical Essays, Volume III (of 3) Even Carnot did not hesitate to accept employment and place from Napoleon. The Life of Napoleon Bonaparte Vol. III. (of IV.) That the decision was the result of fear has been stated, even by Brissot and Carnot. Lectures on the French Revolution Second W. I. M. Oh, I suppose that's one of Carnot's titles, All these blessed foreigners are Barons, or something of that sort. Punch, or the London Charivari, Vol. 104, May 13, 1893 It has not the power to reverse the direction of physical changes, such as the principle of Carnot determines it. Creative Evolution The other, to whom we owe the biographical preface, is M. Hippolyte Carnot, Member of the Chamber of Deputies, and son of the celebrated Director. Critical and Historical Essays, Volume III (of 3) In addition to the favors granted to Carnot, he lavished money on other objects, some not so worthy. The Life of Napoleon Bonaparte Vol. III. (of IV.) Many good administrators belonged to the party, among whom Carnot is only the most celebrated. Lectures on the French Revolution I thought old Carnot was President of the French Republic. Punch, or the London Charivari, Vol. 104, May 13, 1893 With a heavy weight on the top of his head, he went out of the Crédit Lyonnais and mechanically crossed the little street separating the Bank from the café on the Place Carnot. The Joyous Adventures of Aristide Pujol M. Hippolyte Carnot has quoted this passage in order, as we suppose, to do honor to his hero. Critical and Historical Essays, Volume III (of 3) This had not been even imagined by either philosopher or engineer until discovered by Carnot as late as 1824. James Watt Danton modified the proposal into something reasonable, and on August 23, Carnot drew up the decree which was called the levée en masse. Lectures on the French Revolution The distinguished military organizer, Carnot, had become a member of the Committee in August and immediately called for a general levy of troops. An Introduction to the History of Western Europe The genius of Carnot, the French Minister of War, had planned a joint advance upon Vienna by the French armies of Italy and the Rhine, the one under Buonaparte, the other under Moreau. History of the English People, Volume VIII Modern England, 1760-1815 At this crisis Carnot, who was to earn the title of "organiser of victories," took the direction of the war. The Political History of England - Vol. X. The History of England from the Accession of George III to the close of Pitt's first Administration "Let me have the honour of presenting M. Marston to the minister at war," was my introduction to the celebrated Carnot; with whom Elnathan seemed to be on peculiar terms of intimacy. Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine - Volume 55, No. 343, May 1844 Intelligent Jacobins, like Danton and Carnot, saw the danger of abandoning policy for the sake of principle. Lectures on the French Revolution Moreover, Carnot had the invaluable gift of selecting the best commanders. William Pitt and the Great War This retraction was the consequence of the remonstrances of his ministers, and particularly of M. Carnot. Memoirs of the Private Life, Return, and Reign of Napoleon in 1815, Vol. II While the new levies of August, 1793, were still undisciplined Carnot's genius began to raise the fortunes of France. The Political History of England - Vol. X. The History of England from the Accession of George III to the close of Pitt's first Administration "But will they buy your lamp?" said Carnot, with a smile. Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine - Volume 55, No. 343, May 1844 Carnot owed his success to two things—arbitrary control over promotion, and the cheapness of French lives. Lectures on the French Revolution Carnot determined to retake Lyons and Toulon, even if the efforts against Spain and Sardinia had to be relaxed. William Pitt and the Great War After this declaration, to which the republican opinions of M. Carnot gave great weight, he entered into an examination of the several branches of the public administration in succession. Memoirs of the Private Life, Return, and Reign of Napoleon in 1815, Vol. II One of the five French directors was a constitutional royalist, another, Carnot, was inclined to that side, the other three were jacobins. The Political History of England - Vol. X. The History of England from the Accession of George III to the close of Pitt's first Administration Carnot retired to an alcove to read the missive, and in the mean time the general anxiety was an absolute fever. Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine - Volume 55, No. 343, May 1844 Carnot increased the number because he had no men who had proved their fitness for the direction of very large forces. Lectures on the French Revolution He did not see the need of a specialized and authoritative War Office, though the triumphs achieved by Carnot and the Committee of Public Safety during the past twelvemonth might have opened his eyes. William Pitt and the Great War Count Carnot declared, it appeared to him indispensable, that, during this crisis, the Emperor should be invested with great and imposing authority. Memoirs of the Private Life, Return, and Reign of Napoleon in 1815, Vol. II Carnot started his reasoning on the assumption that heat was matter, and therefore indestructible. Aether and Gravitation Carnot, now doubly popular, was surrounded by the élite of name and beauty. Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine - Volume 55, No. 343, May 1844 Carnot defended them, on the ground that they were hardly worse than himself. Lectures on the French Revolution On 17th August 1793 Carnot entered the Committee of Public Safety, and thenceforth wielded its limitless powers for purposes of national defence. William Pitt and the Great War M. Carnot laid before it a statement of the situation of the Emperor and the empire. Memoirs of the Private Life, Return, and Reign of Napoleon in 1815, Vol. II Previous to the time of Carnot no definite relation seems to have been suggested between work and heat; Carnot, however, discovered what were those general laws which govern the relation between heat and work. Aether and Gravitation At length Carnot, probably wholly forgetting the scene of suffering which he had left behind, came forward with the important despatch open in his hand. Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine - Volume 55, No. 343, May 1844 There is an abridgment of the like moderate dimensions by Carnot. Lectures on the French Revolution But the brain and will of this Committee was Carnot. William Pitt and the Great War This measure, worthy of the firmness of M. Carnot, who proposed it, was strongly combated by the Duke of Otranto. Memoirs of the Private Life, Return, and Reign of Napoleon in 1815, Vol. II Wherever, however, the heat, that is the aetherial heat waves generated by the sun, comes into contact with a planet, as Mercury, Venus, or Jupiter, then, in accordance with Carnot's reasoning, work is done. Aether and Gravitation In all probability he was unwilling to let the President have his sign manual, for of course M. Carnot would have no hesitation in bewitching him by its means. The Science of Fairy Tales An Inquiry into Fairy Mythology That is the force which Carnot had to wield. Lectures on the French Revolution For while Carnot trusted to concentration, the Allies either sank into inertia, or made ex-centric movements which ultimately played into their opponents' hands. William Pitt and the Great War Count Carnot, who had been to examine our positions and those of the enemy in company with General Grenier, made a report on the situation of Paris to the assembly. Memoirs of the Private Life, Return, and Reign of Napoleon in 1815, Vol. II Carnot points out that, in order for work to be done, we must have a source and a condenser, that is, two bodies at different temperatures, a hot body and a cold one. Aether and Gravitation La Faustin was issued on the morning of Gambetta's downfall; and the seventh volume of the Journal des Goncourt had barely been published a few hours when the news of Carnot's assassination reached Paris. Renée Mauperin Carnot taught his men to win by a rush many times repeated, and not to count their dead. Lectures on the French Revolution He therefore could not appeal to the nation, as Carnot did in France. William Pitt and the Great War Count Carnot said, "that they must address themselves definitively to the brutal frankness of Blucher, rather than live in the uncertainty, in which they were kept by the civilities of Wellington." Memoirs of the Private Life, Return, and Reign of Napoleon in 1815, Vol. II The two great truths in relation to heat and work, enunciated by Carnot, are known as, first, a Cycle of operations; and, secondly, what he termed a Reversible Cycle. Aether and Gravitation But Barras, though inferior to Carnot in genius, had even greater influence, and it was through his favor that Bonaparte received his appointments. A Modern History, From the Time of Luther to the Fall of Napoleon For the Use of Schools and Colleges Carnot was not discovered, the better men had not risen to command, the levy en masse had not been thought of. Lectures on the French Revolution Thus the would-be invaders drove France in upon herself, compelled her to organize her strength to the utmost; and that strength, when marshalled by Carnot, was destined to shatter the Coalition and overrun neighbouring lands. William Pitt and the Great War Footnote 89: On the 23d of June, M. Carnot, after having delivered to the chamber of peers Napoleon's act of abdication, entered into some details of the state of the army. Memoirs of the Private Life, Return, and Reign of Napoleon in 1815, Vol. II Carnot showed that if you can obtain such a reversible engine, it is a perfect engine. Aether and Gravitation Among these five men, Carnot was the only man of genius, and it was through his exertions that France, under the Committee of Public Safety, had been saved from the torrent of invasion. A Modern History, From the Time of Luther to the Fall of Napoleon For the Use of Schools and Colleges On December 1, after hearing a report by Carnot, the assembly offered an amnesty to the insurgents on the Loire, and on the 8th those Girondins were recalled who had been placed under arrest. Lectures on the French Revolution Carnot had in the meantime come to the assistance of the Committee of Safety. The Life of Napoleon Bonaparte Vol. I. (of IV.) M. Carnot appeared to be of opinion, that the Emperor should be replaced at the head of the army. Memoirs of the Private Life, Return, and Reign of Napoleon in 1815, Vol. II What is true of M. Carnot and the Elysée holds good also for all the ministers and other high functionaries: they are left severely alone by Monarchists and Bonapartists alike. The Arena Volume 4, No. 23, October, 1891 Tone went out to America and got into council with the representative of the French Republic there; then he returned to Europe, and he entered into communication with Carnot and with Napoleon Bonaparte. A History of the Four Georges and of William IV, Volume III France was now under the Convention; what Carnot had done for the army Lakanal undertook to do for the natural sciences. Evolution, Old & New Or, the Theories of Buffon, Dr. Erasmus Darwin and Lamarck, as compared with that of Charles Darwin Carnot had given the watchword of attack in mass and with superior numbers; the times gave the frenzied courage of sentimental exaltation. The Life of Napoleon Bonaparte Vol. I. (of IV.) There is nobody in it worth any thing, except Caulincourt and Carnot: and they are badly fitted with associates. Memoirs of the Private Life, Return, and Reign of Napoleon in 1815, Vol. II When President Carnot appears anywhere, his reception scarcely differs from that shown to Emperor William in the course of his numerous journeys. The Arena Volume 4, No. 23, October, 1891 In the year 1791, it was inhabited by the revolutionist Carnot. The International Magazine, Volume 2, No. 2, January, 1851 When Rambon was chef for President Carnot, kings and emperors bestowed upon him decorations. Prince or Chauffeur? A Story of Newport Fortunately for France, Carnot was temporarily retained to control the department of war. The Life of Napoleon Bonaparte Vol. I. (of IV.) The nation also obtained a clear development of the anti-revolutionary conspiracy of the administration, from the "Memoir" of Carnot, and the pamphlets of Benjamin Constant. Memoirs of the Private Life, Return, and Reign of Napoleon in 1815, Vol. I Nor is it President Carnot alone who thus proclaims the extraordinary virtues of the ever watchful republic. The Arena Volume 4, No. 23, October, 1891 Another, with a view to a Frenchman or an Englishman, will christen his animal President Carnot or Lord Salisbury. Golden Moments Bright Stories for Young Folks Striking straight inland from the Casino past the railway station, the broad Boulevard Carnot gradually ascends to Le Cannet. Riviera Towns His worst fears were realized when the influence of the Mountain was wiped out,—Carnot, the organizer of victory, as he had been styled, being the only one of all the old leaders to escape. The Life of Napoleon Bonaparte Vol. I. (of IV.) The discontent this appointment excited was repaired by the good effect, which was produced by that of M. Carnot to the ministry of the home department. Memoirs of the Private Life, Return, and Reign of Napoleon in 1815, Vol. I Thus M. Carnot is always spoken of in the newspapers and elsewhere as “the president of the republic.” The Arena Volume 4, No. 23, October, 1891 One of the last official acts of the late President Carnot, of France, was the sending of a medal of the French Legion of Honor to a little American girl, who lives in Indiana. Architects of Fate or, Steps to Success and Power Captain Carnot swears that he’ll fight you if he falls in with you.” Peter Simple I am attached at this moment to the topographical bureau of the Committee of Safety for the direction of the armies in Carnot's place. The Life of Napoleon Bonaparte Vol. I. (of IV.) The ministry of the interior, intended at first for M. Costaz, was also offered to M. M�l�, and ultimately given to M. Carnot, at the recommendation of the Duke of Bassano. Memoirs of the Private Life, Return, and Reign of Napoleon in 1815, Vol. I Let me show you the documents in regard to a performance of our worthy mayor and senator, which throws President Carnot into the shade. France and the Republic A Record of Things Seen and Learned in the French Provinces During the 'Centennial' Year 1889 I heard with pleasure of his appointment, in conjunction with that of M. Carnot and M. Charton, for I knew their perfect integrity. The Atlantic Monthly, Volume 17, No. 102, April, 1866 One of the last official acts of President Carnot, of France, was the sending of a medal of the French Legion of Honor to a little American girl who lives in Indiana. Pushing to the Front The great scholar was already as profoundly impressed as a year later Carnot, and now the war commission. The Life of Napoleon Bonaparte Vol. I. (of IV.) With him in the Place Carnot was the Spaniard who had begged for his civilian clothes. A Soldier of the Legion This is hard upon M. de Freycinet and M. Sadi Carnot, now President of the ideal Republic! France and the Republic A Record of Things Seen and Learned in the French Provinces During the 'Centennial' Year 1889 First, there were the scientific or practical administrators, of whom the most eminent was Carnot. Critical Miscellanies (Vol. 1 of 3) Essay 1: Robespierre "It is all set forth here: The Germans and the English have shut up Carnot in Antwerp," he continued rapidly, throwing one paper down. The Eagle of the Empire A Story of Waterloo The great armies of the French republic had been created by Carnot, with the aid of his able lieutenant, Dubois de Cranc�; they were organized and directed by the unassisted genius of the former. The Life of Napoleon Bonaparte Vol. I. (of IV.) In winter the band played in the Place Carnot, but on this soft day of early spring the concert was announced for the gardens beloved by the people of Sidi-bel-Abbés. A Soldier of the Legion He is not a bad man, and, as you know, he is a man of ability, one of the very few able men to be found acting with President Carnot. France and the Republic A Record of Things Seen and Learned in the French Provinces During the 'Centennial' Year 1889 Carnot's bold negative was a little talked of, but as it was solitary, it was considered harmless. The Stranger in France or, a Tour from Devonshire to Paris Illustrated by Engravings in Aqua Tint of Sketches Taken on the Spot. A great gathering of scientists and others, presided over by President Carnot, came together at the Sorbonne to honour Pasteur's seventieth birthday. Victorian Worthies Sixteen Biographies It was as a substitute for this dangerous visionary that Carnot was made a director. The Life of Napoleon Bonaparte Vol. I. (of IV.) They knew, also, that when the moment of starting came men of Sidi-bel-Abbés who drew away from them in the streets and the Place Carnot would take off their hats as the Legion went by. A Soldier of the Legion Carnot I., after all, was simply a good war minister, who loomed into greatness only in comparison with the rogue Pache and the phenomenal booby Bouchotte who preceded him. France and the Republic A Record of Things Seen and Learned in the French Provinces During the 'Centennial' Year 1889 At a table, covered with green cloth, shabbily lighted, in one of the committee rooms of the national assembly, were seated Robespierre, Collot d'Herbois, Carnot, and David. The Stranger in France or, a Tour from Devonshire to Paris Illustrated by Engravings in Aqua Tint of Sketches Taken on the Spot. Anarchy was organized there with the Republic, and was made much more permanent than Carnot made victory. The Atlantic Monthly, Volume 05, No. 28, February, 1860 It was Carnot who organized, clothed, fed, and drilled them. The Life of Napoleon Bonaparte Vol. I. (of IV.) When France was in the extremity of revolutionary agony, she was governed by an assembly of provincial pettifoggers, and Robespierre, Marat, and Couthon ruled in the place of Mirabeau, Vergniaud, and Carnot. Morals and Dogma of the Ancient and Accepted Scottish Rite of Freemasonry Do what they may, that black horse is worth more to Boulanger to-day than Carnot's grandfather ever will be to Carnot III.' France and the Republic A Record of Things Seen and Learned in the French Provinces During the 'Centennial' Year 1889 It was the most silent member of the Committee of Public Safety, Carnot, who brought on the crisis. The French Revolution A Short History Lanfrey's essay on Carnot, Chuquet's wars of the Revolution, Ropes's military histories, Roget's Geneva in the time of Calvin, will supply you with examples of a more robust impartiality than I have described. Lectures on Modern history It was in Carnot's administration that the young generals first came to the fore. The Life of Napoleon Bonaparte Vol. I. (of IV.) It will be said, it is true, that the murder of Carnot was the voluntary act of a fanatic, while no one directly killed these 467 miners!—And certainly this is a difference. Socialism and Modern Science (Darwin, Spencer, Marx) But it signified much that the men who had invented President Carnot were not likely to make part of the cortège of General Boulanger. France and the Republic A Record of Things Seen and Learned in the French Provinces During the 'Centennial' Year 1889 These plans gave promise of success, and Carnot was ready to give their author a chance of carrying them into execution. The French Revolution A Short History At the Panthéon, in the crypt where they rest, Marshal Lannes and General Marceau, Lazare Carnot, the organizer of victory, and Captain La Tour d'Auvergne will rise in their turn on this young man's entrance. Georges Guynemer Knight of the Air Possessing the full confidence of Carnot and almost certainly of the entire Directory, the easily won diplomat revealed to his lean, long-haired, ill-clad, penetrating, and facile inquisitor the precious contents of the governmental mind. The Life of Napoleon Bonaparte Vol. I. (of IV.) Carnot's death accomplished nothing except to arouse a transitory atavistic hatred of Italians. Socialism and Modern Science (Darwin, Spencer, Marx) Then in 1880 came M. de Lacretelle, who "presented to the Chambers a proposed law tending" to the same end which M. de Freycinet and M. Sadi Carnot had so unprofitably "studied"! France and the Republic A Record of Things Seen and Learned in the French Provinces During the 'Centennial' Year 1889 Long debates followed on the �migr�s and the priests, and their course led to an attack by the Councils, supported by Carnot and Barth�lemy, on the Ministry. The French Revolution A Short History Before we discuss the possibility of the King of Prussia visiting Paris, however, let us wait until M. Carnot has been to Berlin. The Schemes of the Kaiser Carnot was emphatic in the expression of his opinion that for the sake of peace with honor, a speedy, enduring peace, she must, and his colleagues assented. The Life of Napoleon Bonaparte Vol. I. (of IV.) Carnot in particular, who, ever since he opposed the assumption of the imperial title, had remained in retirement, came forward to offer his sword in what he now considered as the cause of his country. The History of Napoleon Buonaparte With M. Floquet as President of the Chamber, M. Carnot and his Ministers are at the mercy not of the Radicals only, but of the Radical allies of the Commune. France and the Republic A Record of Things Seen and Learned in the French Provinces During the 'Centennial' Year 1889 Of these Letourneur and Carnot were ready to listen to the wishes of the electorate, and to join hands with the new party of moderates in a constructive policy. The French Revolution A Short History He behaved in exactly the same way, and with the same object, on the day when M. Carnot was assassinated. The Schemes of the Kaiser He was too stately in his manners and too exacting in his discipline—that power which Carnot calls 'the glory of the soldier and the strength of armies.' General Scott Carnot became once more minister of war; and what Napoleon and he, when labouring together in the re-organisation of an army, could effect, had been abundantly manifested at the commencement of the consulate. The History of Napoleon Buonaparte As President of the Chamber, M. Floquet, under the existing régime in France, is now the superior of M. Carnot. France and the Republic A Record of Things Seen and Learned in the French Provinces During the 'Centennial' Year 1889 There could be no mistaking the significance of Carnot's step. The French Revolution A Short History Carnot presents the following description of the last campaign, viz. Historical Epochs of the French Revolution With The Judgment And Execution Of Louis XVI., King Of France And A List Of The Members Of The National Convention, Who Voted For And Against His Death The biographies which will soon follow this, will show that the studies I have undertaken respecting Carnot, Condorcet, and Bailly, have not prevented me from attending seriously to our illustrious contemporaries. Biographies of Distinguished Scientific Men Carnot, in like manner, was objected to as a firm republican. The History of Napoleon Buonaparte Napoleon, who knew them both, made Pétiet governor of Lombardy, and chose him, not Carnot, to organise the great camp at Boulogne. France and the Republic A Record of Things Seen and Learned in the French Provinces During the 'Centennial' Year 1889 Carnot, called the "Organizer of French victory," received a good early education, and was also a pupil of the engineer school of Mézières. Elements of Military Art and Science Or, Course Of Instruction In Strategy, Fortification, Tactics Of Battles, &C.; Embracing The Duties Of Staff, Infantry, Cavalry, Artillery, And Engineers; Adapted To The Use Of Volunteers And Militia; Third Edition; With Critical Notes On The Mexican And Crimean Wars. To give the speculations we have indulged in a practical turn, it will be necessary to examine in detail the terms of Carnot's formula. Scientific American Supplement, No. 441, June 14, 1884. Wolfe Tone and his colleague Lewens, in 1796, had succeeded in persuading Carnot and the French Directory to embrace the cause of Ireland. Against Home Rule (1912) The Case for the Union In effect Carnot, colleague as he had been of Robespierre, and stained as he was with the blood of Louis XVI., was a sincere republican; and, after his own fashion, a sincere patriot. The History of Napoleon Buonaparte When Pétiet died, not long after Austerlitz, Napoleon gave him a much grander funeral in the Pantheon than can be got up now for the grandfather of Carnot. France and the Republic A Record of Things Seen and Learned in the French Provinces During the 'Centennial' Year 1889 It is said that General Aster, the directing engineer, has also introduced some of the leading principles of Chasseloup and Carnot. Elements of Military Art and Science Or, Course Of Instruction In Strategy, Fortification, Tactics Of Battles, &C.; Embracing The Duties Of Staff, Infantry, Cavalry, Artillery, And Engineers; Adapted To The Use Of Volunteers And Militia; Third Edition; With Critical Notes On The Mexican And Crimean Wars. This last proposition indicates the defective information which Carnot possessed. Scientific American Supplement, No. 441, June 14, 1884. Carnot is indignant at this impudent falsehood, and declares that it was he and not Barras who nominated and urged the appointment of Bonaparte. The Tragedy of St. Helena The favourite scheme of Carnot was thus revived, and two French armies, one crossing the Rhine, and the other pushing through the Tyrolese, looked forward to a junction before the walls of Vienna. The History of Napoleon Buonaparte To him M. Carnot owes his Presidency of the Republic. France and the Republic A Record of Things Seen and Learned in the French Provinces During the 'Centennial' Year 1889 But Carnot and Napoleon changed this system, at the same time with the system of tactics, or rather, returned from it to the old and true system of strategic operations. Elements of Military Art and Science Or, Course Of Instruction In Strategy, Fortification, Tactics Of Battles, &C.; Embracing The Duties Of Staff, Infantry, Cavalry, Artillery, And Engineers; Adapted To The Use Of Volunteers And Militia; Third Edition; With Critical Notes On The Mexican And Crimean Wars. I will apply Carnot's doctrine to this case. Scientific American Supplement, No. 441, June 14, 1884. He writes to his brother Joseph that he loves her to madness, and to Carnot even he does the same thing. The Tragedy of St. Helena It is said that the ill-wishers of the First Consul immediately set on foot an intrigue for removing him from the government, and investing Carnot with the chief authority. The History of Napoleon Buonaparte Does that mean that the Carnots are of this country?' France and the Republic A Record of Things Seen and Learned in the French Provinces During the 'Centennial' Year 1889 To these names is very properly added that of Sadi Carnot. The New Physics and Its Evolution New French armies, however, organised by the genius of Carnot, proved more than a match for the allied forces acting without any unity of place under slow-moving and incompetent leaders. History of Holland Tone, in the meantime, came to France from America, and induced Carnot to send an expedition to Ireland, under the command of General Hoche. An Illustrated History of Ireland from AD 400 to 1800 Some few hundreds of sturdy republicans alone recorded their opposition; and Carnot, who headed them, said he well knew he was signing his own sentence of exile. The History of Napoleon Buonaparte Carnot, like many other regicides, would gladly have made his peace with Louis XVIII. France and the Republic A Record of Things Seen and Learned in the French Provinces During the 'Centennial' Year 1889 There is elevation of temperature in the circuit in accordance with Joule's law; and this phenomenon, under such conditions, is incompatible with the principle of Carnot. The New Physics and Its Evolution The demands were resisted, it is true, but not more by M. Carnot than by his colleagues. France in the Nineteenth Century He spared neither his subordinates nor, least of all, Edwin Stanton, and spendthrift of vital force and energy went his way, one of the great war ministers like Carnot and Pitt. Westways This motion was carried in the Tribunate, with one dissenting voice, that of Carnot; who, in a speech of great eloquence, resisted the principle of hereditary monarchy altogether. The History of Napoleon Buonaparte The grandfather of Carnot was born in Burgundy somewhere. France and the Republic A Record of Things Seen and Learned in the French Provinces During the 'Centennial' Year 1889 The origin of the principle of Carnot is clearly determined, and it is very rare to be able to go back thus certainly to the source of a discovery. The New Physics and Its Evolution The Cabinet of M. Carnot had Page 441 learned the value of the saying, "If your enemy wishes to take flight, build him a bridge of gold." France in the Nineteenth Century The resolutions passed by the Senate and House of Representatives on the occasion have been communicated to the widow of President Carnot. A Compilation of the Messages and Papers of the Presidents Volume 8, part 2: Grover Cleveland The genius of Carnot had devised a great scheme of operations, of which one half was thus at once cut short. The History of Napoleon Buonaparte They want to make him out the heir of a dynasty—Carnot III.!' France and the Republic A Record of Things Seen and Learned in the French Provinces During the 'Centennial' Year 1889 Sadi Carnot had, truth to say, no precursor. The New Physics and Its Evolution President Carnot has been an eminently respectable president. France in the Nineteenth Century What will Anarchy gain by the murder of Carnot? The Liberation of Italy Deliberating with Tallien and Carnot, his colleagues, he suddenly said, "I have the man whom you want; it is a little Corsican officer, who will not stand upon ceremony." The History of Napoleon Buonaparte This Carnot III. is, I dare say, more honest and less calculating—for he is certainly more dull—than his grandfather. France and the Republic A Record of Things Seen and Learned in the French Provinces During the 'Centennial' Year 1889 Carnot perceived very clearly the great fact that, to produce work by heat, it is necessary to have at one's disposal a fall of temperature. The New Physics and Its Evolution Madame Carnot, a most charming lady, wears a long black veil as in the first days of her widowhood, and receives in a widowed-Empress manner. The Sunny Side of Diplomatic Life, 1875-1912 The principal direction of affairs was in the hands of Carnot and of the Committee of Public Safety: it was sometimes judicious, but often bad. The Art of War Carnot had been exiled after the 18th Fructidor, and was at this time actually believed to be dead. The History of Napoleon Buonaparte Are they not trying to make a "great Frenchman" now of Carnot? France and the Republic A Record of Things Seen and Learned in the French Provinces During the 'Centennial' Year 1889 It was really making a new discovery to establish that Carnot's fundamental idea survived the destruction of the hypothesis on the nature of heat, on which he seemed to rely. The New Physics and Its Evolution In spite of the fact that I enjoyed the confidence and friendship of President Carnot the latter, at my father's request, refused me permission to marry. True Stories of Crime From the District Attorney's Office Carnot was the author of one of the finest strategic movements of the war. The Art of War He himself, indeed, was continually sending to them, requesting permission to take the field as General for Napoleon II.; and one of the government, Carnot, was heartily desirous that this prayer should be granted. The History of Napoleon Buonaparte If this could be done, if it were possible to make a "great Frenchman" of Carnot, I should not object. France and the Republic A Record of Things Seen and Learned in the French Provinces During the 'Centennial' Year 1889 No doubt we should make the principle of Carnot appear in an interesting light by endeavouring to disengage this fundamental idea, and by placing it, as it were, in large letters. The New Physics and Its Evolution Made Ordinance of the President Carnot, the 5th of February, 1893. True Stories of Crime From the District Attorney's Office It is to be observed, however, that both Louvois and Carnot individually controlled the armies, and that there was no council of war. The Art of War Maret was murmured down; and Carnot himself is said to have shed tears, when he perceived that the abdication was judged necessary. The History of Napoleon Buonaparte The Universal Exposition might collapse, or it might be opened by General Boulanger on his black horse, instead of President Carnot in his landau. France and the Republic A Record of Things Seen and Learned in the French Provinces During the 'Centennial' Year 1889 This is the very proposition of Carnot; but the proposition thus stated, while very useful for the theory of engines, does not yet present any very general interest. The New Physics and Its Evolution On the Twenty-eighth day of June, Eighteen Hundred Ninety-four, I took my place in the long line and passed slowly through the Pantheon at Paris and viewed the body of President Carnot. Little Journeys to the Homes of the Great - Volume 01 Little Journeys to the Homes of Good Men and Great If Napoleon had been in Carnot's place, he would have fallen with all his force upon Charleroi, whence be would have attacked the left of the Prince of Coburg and cut his line of retreat. The Art of War The Directors proper were five in number, and were elected by the latter council from a list presented by the former, and the chief members of it were Barras and Carnot. The Nuttall Encyclopædia Being a Concise and Comprehensive Dictionary of General Knowledge An autograph letter of Carnot, the grandfather of the actual President of the Third Republic, sold the other day in Paris may be cited to illustrate this point. France and the Republic A Record of Things Seen and Learned in the French Provinces During the 'Centennial' Year 1889 This conception is, moreover, in accordance with the view certain physicists take of the principle of Carnot. The New Physics and Its Evolution From my usual post, the masthead, I traced the shore from point to point of Carnot Bay, so named after the celebrated French consul and engineer. Discoveries in Australia, Volume 1. With an Account of the Coasts and Rivers Explored and Surveyed During The Voyage of H.M.S. Beagle, in the Years 1837-38-39-40-41-42-43. By Command of the Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty. Also a Narrative Of Captain Owen Stanley's Visits to the Islands in the Arafura Sea. Let any one compare the results of Carnot's half-skillful operations with the wise maneuvers of Saint-Bernard and Jena, and be convinced. The Art of War The Pantheon, originally meant for a church, is the burial-place of the great men of the country, where lie the remains of Voltaire, Rousseau, and Carnot. The Nuttall Encyclopædia Being a Concise and Comprehensive Dictionary of General Knowledge To the southward of Cape Baskerville the coast trends in, and forms Carnot Bay; it then takes a southerly direction. Narrative of a Survey of the Intertropical and Western Coasts of Australia Performed between the years 1818 and 1822 — Volume 2 In fact, the attempts which have often been made to refer the principle of Carnot to mechanics have not given convincing results. The New Physics and Its Evolution He doubted the existence of the Deity, but accepted Carnot's cycle, and he had read Shakespeare and found him weak in chemistry. The Country of the Blind, and Other Stories In fact, according to Mr. Carnot, the plants already cited furnish the following results on distillation: Volatile Fixed Coke. matters. residue. Scientific American Supplement, No. 481, March 21, 1885 He was replaced by Edwin M. Stanton, who was known later as "the Carnot of the War." Abraham Lincoln As no island was noticed by us in the position assigned to Captain Baudin's Carnot Island, the bay to the southward of Cape Baskerville has received that name. Narrative of a Survey of the Intertropical and Western Coasts of Australia Performed between the years 1818 and 1822 — Volume 2 Certain philosophers and physicists see in this fact a reason which condemns a priori all attempts made to give a mechanical explanation of the principle of Carnot. The New Physics and Its Evolution He borrowed three hundred francs from the proprietor of a small café in the Rue Carnot, left his pack as security, and went to Paris. O. Henry Memorial Award Prize Stories of 1921 Victory he had organized, like Carnot; and victory in Lombardy was sure to take his army to the Mincio. The Atlantic Monthly, Volume 07, No. 39, January, 1861 Jacquard was further honoured by a visit at Lyons from the Minister Carnot, who desired to congratulate him in person on the success of his invention. Self help; with illustrations of conduct and perseverance Romme discusses the subject of punctured wounds of the liver, as a special text using the case of the late President Carnot. Anomalies and Curiosities of Medicine Helmholtz, in a justly celebrated theory, endeavoured to fit the principle of Carnot into the principle of least action; but the difficulties regarding the mechanical interpretation of the irreversibility of physical phenomena remain entire. The New Physics and Its Evolution The murder of McKinley or Carnot makes republican hopes seem chimerical. Editorials from the Hearst Newspapers A petition was addressed to President Carnot, but, with a firmness that has not characterised some of his successors in office, he refused to commute the sentence. A Book of Remarkable Criminals David had no longer any talent, Arnault had no longer any wit, Carnot was no longer honest, Soult had won no battles; it is true that Napoleon had no longer any genius. Les Misérables The principal symptoms of wounds of the liver, such as traumatic shock, collapse, local and radiating pains, nausea, vomiting, and respiratory disturbances were all present in the case of President Carnot. Anomalies and Curiosities of Medicine In whatever way you look at it, the principle of Carnot furnishes, in the immense majority of cases, a very sure guide in which physicists continue to have the most entire confidence. The New Physics and Its Evolution It is quite probable that M. Millerand will prove to be the Lazare Carnot—"The Organizer of Victory"—of the present war. Paris War Days Diary of an American But when Carnot was chosen, on the refusal of Sieyès, he assumed the direction of military operations, and left to his colleague Letourneur the navy and the colonies. History of the French Revolution from 1789 to 1814 Carnot used to say: 'Where would you have me go, traitor?' Les Misérables For instance, it has been experimentally determined that a certain amount of fuel expended in heat is equivalent to a certain amount of mechanical force, not mechanical work, as M. Carnot puts it. Life: Its True Genesis So, if a landslip occurs and an express train runs off the line with disastrous results, they immediately cry, 'Is M. Carnot out of his senses?' The Roof of France A triple attack was planned by Carnot against Austria. Outline of Universal History Carnot, by his admission to the committee of public safety, became minister of war and commander-in-chief of all the republican armies. History of the French Revolution from 1789 to 1814 Presently a confused procession appeared from the direction of the south, hurrying through the narrow street now called the Rue Carnot. The Isle of Unrest I was at Marseilles when M. Carnot, the President of the Republic visited it, April 16th. In Troubadour-Land A Ramble in Provence and Languedoc The assassination of President Carnot, which occurred in June, grieved and horrified my husband as much as if he had been a Frenchman. Philip Gilbert Hamerton An Autobiography, 1834-1858, and a Memoir by His Wife, 1858-1894 At Paris, Carnot's efficient management of military affairs gave France an advantage over her foes. Outline of Universal History He was replaced by Carnot, the only member of the former committee whom they were disposed to favour, on account of his political purity, and his great share in the victories of the republic. History of the French Revolution from 1789 to 1814 He was, as the Times put it, "the Carnot of the moment, the organizer of Liberal victory." The Life of the Rt. Hon. Sir Charles W. Dilke, Volume 1 The men of the time hardly knew it, though Carnot guessed at it, and now to-day in Sorbonne I think that regal fight is taking its true place. First and Last He had the greatest respect for the scrupulous manner in which M. Carnot discharged all his duties, and admired the simple dignity with which he held the rank of First Citizen of a great nation. Philip Gilbert Hamerton An Autobiography, 1834-1858, and a Memoir by His Wife, 1858-1894 Nobody who met Secretary Stanton--the Carnot of the war--would give him credit for joking, but Mr. Lincoln's example that way was infectious. The Lincoln Story Book A Judicious Collection of the Best Stories and Anecdotes of the Great President, Many Appearing Here for the First Time in Book Form Carnot was at its head: a few members of the younger council, directed by Thibaudeau, and a tolerably large number of the Ancients, seconded his projects of moderation. History of the French Revolution from 1789 to 1814 He appointed Fouché, whom he had offended and disgraced, and Carnot, the most unbending republican in France, to be Ministers instead of resuming the Empire just as he had left it. The Letter-Bag of Lady Elizabeth Spencer-Stanhope — Volume 1 Roland returned to his hotel, removed the traces of his journey, jumped into a carriage, and a little before ten he was announced in the salon of the citizen Carnot. The Companions of Jehu Carnot, who had just re-entered France, replaced at the ministry of war General Berthier, called upon active service. World's Best Histories — Volume 7: France He was from first to last the consistent friend of struggling patriots,--sincere, honest, incorruptible, with horror of revolutionary excesses, as sentimental as Lamartine, yet as firm as Carnot. Beacon Lights of History, Volume 09 European Statesmen A few of the proscribed succeeded in evading the decree of exile; Carnot was among the number. History of the French Revolution from 1789 to 1814 When Carnot became Minister of War to this dictatorship the Republic had 479,000 demoralized soldiers with the colors, under beaten and discredited commanders. The Theory of Social Revolutions Carnot and Michel de Bourges remarked that it would be advisable for those members of the association who belonged to the National Guard to wear their uniforms. The History of a Crime The Testimony of an Eye-Witness The triumphant arrival of the First Consul promptly baffled the intrigues in which the principals interested had never taken part; nevertheless, he nursed against Carnot an unjust feeling, which soon betrayed itself in his dismissal. World's Best Histories — Volume 7: France One day Madame Sadi Carnot sat a long time with me. My First Years as a Frenchwoman, 1876-1879 Carnot prepared a new plan of campaign, which was to carry the armies of the republic to the very heart of the hostile states. History of the French Revolution from 1789 to 1814 Carnot was as reckless of himself as of others. The Theory of Social Revolutions "This house is perhaps marked," resumed Carnot; "we are in danger of being taken." The History of a Crime The Testimony of an Eye-Witness Sinister reports were circulated during the campaign in Italy; the names of Carnot, Moreau, and La Fayette had been put forward. World's Best Histories — Volume 7: France As he was leaving he said his wife would come the next day to see Madame Carnot. My First Years as a Frenchwoman, 1876-1879 Carnot, who, at that period, was the director of the constitution, with Barthélemy, who was the director of the legislature, formed a minority in the government. History of the French Revolution from 1789 to 1814 Carnot took little or no part in active politics. The Theory of Social Revolutions The decree, the preamble of which Carnot insisted upon writing from my dictation, was drawn up in these terms. The History of a Crime The Testimony of an Eye-Witness Of honorable and upright character, fearless, patriotic, and practical, Carnot plunged into the work of organizing the republican armies. A Political and Social History of Modern Europe V.1. Carnot taught the exercise in the Grand Army; so he graduated in a good school, and was indeed an excellent master of the weapon. The Duke's Prize; a Story of Art and Heart in Florence Carnot, very austere in his conduct and very obstinate in his views, could not agree either with Barras or with the imperious Rewbell. History of the French Revolution from 1789 to 1814 Carnot in particular was a soldier of the highest character and genius. The Theory of Social Revolutions The Institute of Sciences named him one of their members in the place of Carnot; the painters and architects paid him homage with their works. Empress Josephine An historical sketch of the days of Napoleon This small body, which included such Jacobin leaders as Carnot, Robespierre, and St. Just, acting secretly, directed the ministers of state, appointed the local officials, and undertook the administration of the whole country. A Political and Social History of Modern Europe V.1. "Very true, but I have no Carnot to teach me; and to-day I see what I lose by the want of one." The Duke's Prize; a Story of Art and Heart in Florence It is by applying and utilizing the laws of heat, force, and vapor laid down by such men as Carnot and Regnault that we now cross the Atlantic in six days. Side-Lights on Astronomy and Kindred Fields of Popular Science Danton, though an orator and a lawyer, possibly even a statesman, was not competent to cope with an emergency which exacted from a minister administrative genius like that of Carnot. The Theory of Social Revolutions And that truth is, that not Josephine, but Bonaparte, was the friend of Barras; that it was not Barras, but Carnot, who promoted Bonaparte to the rank of commanding general of the army in Italy. Empress Josephine An historical sketch of the days of Napoleon So successful were the French that Carnot's popular title of "organizer of defense" was justly magnified to that of "organizer of victory." A Political and Social History of Modern Europe V.1. But its most striking example was in the murder of President Carnot, who was stabbed by an anarchist in the streets of Lyons. A History of the Nations and Empires Involved and a Study of the Events Culminating in the Great Conflict Carnot, whose co-operation Napoleon had entirely secured, was President of the Senate. Napoleon Bonaparte To appreciate the situation one must read Carnot's account of the border during these weeks when he alone, probably, averted some grave disaster. The Theory of Social Revolutions To Carnot, the secretary of war of the republic, did Bonaparte go, to ask of him the command of the army in Italy. Empress Josephine An historical sketch of the days of Napoleon Opposition to Carnot's drafting of soldiers was utilized by reactionary agitators to stir up an insurrection of the peasants in La Vendée in order to restore the monarchy and to reëstablish the Roman Catholic Church. A Political and Social History of Modern Europe V.1. "He'll conquer Egypt, though, and he'll tell about it in such a way that he will appear twice as great," suggested Carnot. Mr. Bonaparte of Corsica If, in concert with ten others, Prieur and Carnot order wholesale robbery and murder, if they sign orders by twenties and hundreds, amounting to assassinations, it is owing to their forming part of a body. The French Revolution - Volume 3 Carnot voted for the death of the king; yet afterward he avowed that "Louis XVI. would have been saved, if the Convention had not held its deliberations under the dagger." The French Revolution - Volume 2 But Carnot answered him, as he had already before Aubry, the minister of war, "You are too young." Empress Josephine An historical sketch of the days of Napoleon M. Hippolyte Carnot does not altogether deny the truth of these stories, but justly observes that Barere's dissipation was not carried to such a point as to interfere with his industry. Miscellaneous Writings and Speeches — Volume 2 Carnot would listen to no entreaty; he insisted on more than a pound of flesh, he wanted Vaillant's life, and then—the inevitable happened: President Carnot was killed. Anarchism and Other Essays Carnot often made this charge against Saint-Just: "You and Robespierre are after a dictatorship." The French Revolution - Volume 3 You have the figure and deportment of the French President Carnot—I saw a portrait of him the other day in an illustrated paper... yes.... The Wife, and other stories Carnot showed this letter to the Directory, and declared that if Bonaparte were to be given up, he would himself resign his position of secretary of war. Empress Josephine An historical sketch of the days of Napoleon M. Hippolyte Carnot, we grieve to say, is so much blinded by party spirit that he seems to reckon this dirty wickedness among his hero's titles to public esteem. Miscellaneous Writings and Speeches — Volume 2 No wonder that the best intellectual forces of France spoke in his behalf, and signed the petition to President Carnot, asking him to commute Vaillant's death sentence. Anarchism and Other Essays Now that the 18th Fructidor is accomplished, Barth�l�my deported, and Carnot in flight, this policy is going to be applied everywhere. The French Revolution - Volume 3 Men may have what opinions they please about the beheading of King Charles or King Louis, but they cannot deny that Bradshaw and Cromwell ruled, that Carnot and Napoleon governed. What's Wrong with the World Carnot had told Bonaparte the truth concerning the state of the army in Italy. Empress Josephine An historical sketch of the days of Napoleon M. Hippolyte Carnot has quoted this passage in order, as we suppose, to do honour to his hero. Miscellaneous Writings and Speeches — Volume 2 Carnot no doubt looked at his colleagues and the ex-consul in a dignified manner. An Historical Mystery Carnot refused to accept the project "unless he might name the three new Directors."—De la Rue, "Histoire du 18 Fructidor." The French Revolution - Volume 3 There are rumors of a terrible discovery made by Carnot, of a desperate resolution taken by Tallien. After Dark The Directory was not prepared to accept this twofold responsibility, and they sacrificed Kellermann to the threats of Napoleon and Carnot. Empress Josephine An historical sketch of the days of Napoleon Seriously, we think that M. Hippolyte Carnot is much to blame in this matter. Miscellaneous Writings and Speeches — Volume 2 Oh, if I could only make it the end for Jean Carnot, I'd be satisfied. The Golf Course Mystery Carnot said to the Moderates who asked him to act with them: "Even if I had a pardon in my pocket, amply confirmed by the royal mouth, I should have no confidence." The French Revolution - Volume 3 When Carnot was murdered, neither one of the three who were in the carriage with him, nor the two footmen, saw the murderer's knife or the delivery of the blow, etc. Criminal Psychology; a manual for judges, practitioners, and students These were exiled to Cayenne; Carnot alone escaped from this distant and cruel exile by a timely flight to Geneva. Empress Josephine An historical sketch of the days of Napoleon But even the best of them, Carnot, for example, and Cambon, were far too unscrupulous as to the means which they employed for the purpose of attaining great ends. Miscellaneous Writings and Speeches — Volume 2 "And, meanwhile, tell me about this Jean Carnot," went on the colonel. The Golf Course Mystery Robespierre replied to Carnot: "I am ready for you on the first defeat." The French Revolution - Volume 3 Busy sits Carnot, in Salut Public; busy for his share, in 'organising victory.' The French Revolution "You are right," cried Carnot, delighted, and offering his hand to Bonaparte. Empress Josephine An historical sketch of the days of Napoleon The other, to whom we owe the biographical preface, is M. Hippolyte Carnot, member of the Chamber of Deputies, and son of the celebrated Director. Miscellaneous Writings and Speeches — Volume 2 "Look on the back," suggested the detective, and when Mazi turned the photograph over she read: "The happiest day of my life—Jean Carnot." The Golf Course Mystery And a little later, when the jury filed in, it was to report: "We find that Horace Carwell came to his death through poison administered by Jean Carnot, alias Jean Forette, with intent to kill." The Golf Course Mystery Small intellectual talent is necessary: indeed where among them, except in the head of Carnot, busied organising victory, would you find any? The French Revolution "I am going to live only for the future," said Bonaparte, that day, to Junot, as he related to him the successful result of his interview with Carnot. Empress Josephine An historical sketch of the days of Napoleon Every other chief of a party, says M. Hippolyte Carnot, has found apologists: one set of men exalts the Girondists; another set justifies Danton; a third deifies Robespierre: but Barere has remained without a defender. Miscellaneous Writings and Speeches — Volume 2 |
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