| 单词 | calcination |
| 例句 | The emissions start with mining raw materials such as limestone and crushing it to prepare for a process called calcination. Concrete makers face heavy lift on climate pledges 2021-07-01T04:00:00Z It happens at room temperature, without the need for fossil fuels or calcination - two of the main sources of the cement industry's CO2 emissions. The massive CO2 emitter you may not know about 2018-12-16T05:00:00Z MFI nanosheets on Si wafer were then rubbed by cotton fabric to detach the seeds, followed by additional calcination under identical conditions to remove any organic contamination. Ultra-selective high-flux membranes from directly synthesized zeolite nanosheets : Nature : Nature Research 2017-03-14T04:00:00Z He had given a simple explanation of the process of calcination, and had proved, by accurate experiments, that this explanation was certainly true in some cases. Heroes of Science Chemists 2011-12-09T03:00:21.047Z The calcination, or roasting, is conducted at a low temperature in some form of reverberatory furnace. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 12, Slice 2 "Gloss" to "Gordon, Charles George" 2011-10-31T02:00:28.703Z Of these processes are the calcination of metals, a mixture of iron-filings and sulphur, liver of sulphur, the burning of phosphorus, and the effluvia of flowers. Heads of Lectures on a Course of Experimental Philosophy: Particularly Including Chemistry 2011-10-11T02:01:05.817Z Pure iron is mixed with carbon obtained from the calcination of sugar, and the whole is rapidly heated in a carbon crucible in an electric furnace, using a current of 700 amperes and 40 volts. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 11, Slice 5 "Gassendi, Pierre" to "Geocentric" 2011-09-02T02:00:20.450Z This enamelling appears to have been done, not by melting on any vitreous composition, as is practised at the present day, but by the effect of calcination for some time in a low red heat. Scenes and Andventures in the Semi-Alpine Region of the Ozark Mountains of Missouri and Arkansas 2011-07-10T02:00:18.883Z Respiration was thus proved to be a process chemically analogous to that of calcination. Heroes of Science Chemists 2011-12-09T03:00:21.047Z Now, these metals, during calcination, absorb a good deal of oxygen from the air, but, once they have absorbed it, they do not give it up again. In Search of a Son 2011-05-24T02:00:13.087Z In the progress of calcination it first becomes a dusky grey powder, then yellow, when it is called massicot; then, by imbibing pure air, it becomes red, and is called minium, or red lead. Heads of Lectures on a Course of Experimental Philosophy: Particularly Including Chemistry 2011-10-11T02:01:05.817Z Lavoisier followed in their track by a series of experiments in the calcination of metals, pursued with remarkable intelligence and industry. Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine, Volume 59, No. 368, June 1846 Nevertheless, although this calcination is constantly progressing, an ash-furnace will last from fifteen to twenty days, according to the skill which has been displayed in its construction, and the particular quality of the stone employed. Scenes and Andventures in the Semi-Alpine Region of the Ozark Mountains of Missouri and Arkansas 2011-07-10T02:00:18.883Z Therefore, said Black, it is possible to recover the whole of the chalk originally present before calcination, by adding a fixed alkali to the calcined chalk or quicklime. Heroes of Science Chemists 2011-12-09T03:00:21.047Z A certain amount of bismuth sulphate is always formed during the calcination; this is subsequently reduced to the sulphide and ultimately to the metal in the fusion. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 4, Slice 1 "Bisharin" to "Bohea" When broken in pieces, it falls into powder by a spontaneous calcination, and this powder is magnetical, though the mass was not possessed of that property. Heads of Lectures on a Course of Experimental Philosophy: Particularly Including Chemistry 2011-10-11T02:01:05.817Z Both processes are inferior in economy to calcination in rotatory kilns, a process which may be regarded as the method of Plaster of Paris; Keene’s cement. the present and the immediate future. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 5, Slice 6 "Celtes, Konrad" to "Ceramics" Polli obtained complete incineration or calcination of dogs by the use of coal-gas mixed with atmospheric air, applied to a cylindrical retort of refracting clay, so as to consume the gaseous products of combustion. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 7, Slice 6 "Coucy-le-Château" to "Crocodile" It may also be accomplished by calcination with ferrous sulphate, or other easily decomposable sulphates, such as aluminium sulphate. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 7, Slice 3 "Convention" to "Copyright" The term oxydation or calcination is chiefly used to signify the process by which metals exposed to a certain degree of heat are converted into oxyds, by absorbing oxygen from the air. Elements of Chemistry, In a New Systematic Order, Containing all the Modern Discoveries Of the effect of the calcination of Metals, and of the effluvia of Paint made with White-Lead and Oil, on Air 133 Sect. Experiments and Observations on Different Kinds of Air No great apparatus is necessary for showing children the first simple operations in chemistry: such as evaporation, crystalization, calcination, detonation, effervescence, and saturation. Practical Education, Volume I In both cases, the residue after calcination is a fine, reddish clay. The Glow-Worm and Other Beetles The calcination is effected in reverberatory furnaces, or in muffle furnaces, if the sulphur is to be recovered. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 7, Slice 3 "Convention" to "Copyright" In the essay of ores, and in all the common operations of the laboratory, the calcination or oxydation of metals is usually performed in a dish of baked clay, Pl. Elements of Chemistry, In a New Systematic Order, Containing all the Modern Discoveries Fire can also cause a dissolution, either by fusion or by a trituration that is similar to calcination. Hidden Symbolism of Alchemy and the Occult Arts But if the magnesia be deprived of air by calcination before it is mixed with the lime-water, this fluid suffers no alteration. Experiments upon magnesia alba, Quicklime, and some other Alcaline Substances It might, however, be urged that the air is spoiled by its violent calcination. Fragments of science, V. 1-2 The conversion into sulphate is generally effected by the oxidizing processes of weathering, calcination, heating with iron nitrate or ferric sulphate. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 7, Slice 3 "Convention" to "Copyright" But mercury may likewise be oxydated by means of nitric acid; and in this way we procure a red oxyd, even more pure than that produced by calcination. Elements of Chemistry, In a New Systematic Order, Containing all the Modern Discoveries But where calcium and magnesium bisulphites are used, the residue from calcination is practically without value. Researches on Cellulose 1895-1900 All the yellow ochres are more or less reddened by being burnt, as yellow oxide of iron itself becomes red on calcination. Field's Chromatography or Treatise on Colours and Pigments as Used by Artists Lead renders the assay more difficult, since after calcination it remains as lead sulphate, and in the fusion for coarse copper reappears as a regulus on the button. A Text-book of Assaying: For the Use of Those Connected with Mines. Also, however slowly the calcination may be conducted, there is always more or less copper sulphide left unchanged, and some copper oxide formed. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 7, Slice 3 "Convention" to "Copyright" At the end of twelve days, seeing that the calcination of the mercury did not at all increase, I extinguished the fire, and allowed the vessels to cool. Elements of Chemistry, In a New Systematic Order, Containing all the Modern Discoveries Nor do I know any one calcination wherein a Saline body may not, with very great probability, be said to be an agent or coadjutor. Micrographia Some Physiological Descriptions of Minute Bodies Made by Magnifying Glasses with Observations and Inquiries Thereupon By calcination, a greater degree of intensity may be imparted to the colour, and perhaps a little more solidity. Field's Chromatography or Treatise on Colours and Pigments as Used by Artists Oxide of copper which has been used may be again utilised after calcination. A Text-book of Assaying: For the Use of Those Connected with Mines. Then followed Putrefaction, necessary for the germination of the seed which had been produced by calcination, dissolution, and conjunction. The Story of Alchemy and the Beginnings of Chemistry Perhaps great quantities of dross are burnt out of me by this calcination I have had; perhaps I shall be far quieter and healthier of mind and body than I have ever been since boyhood. The Correspondence of Thomas Carlyle and Ralph Waldo Emerson, 1834-1872, Vol. I Before calcination it is of a grey colour, is not penetrable by water, and takes a polish. Theory of the Earth, Volume 1 (of 4) It has in painting all the properties of white lead, from which it may be prepared by gentle calcination in an open furnace. Field's Chromatography or Treatise on Colours and Pigments as Used by Artists If the temperature during calcination has been too low sulphates are formed, which are again reduced to sulphides in the subsequent fusion. A Text-book of Assaying: For the Use of Those Connected with Mines. Some of the alchemists of the 14th, 15th and 16th centuries taught that combustion and calcination are processes wherein the igneous principle is destroyed, using the word "destroyed" in its alchemical meaning. The Story of Alchemy and the Beginnings of Chemistry They had been collected for the purpose of undergoing the process of calcination. A Voyage Round the World, Volume I Including Travels in Africa, Asia, Australasia, America, etc., etc., from 1827 to 1832 This mineral contains, in general, from 40 to 50 per cent. of iron, and it loses near one third of its weight in calcination. Theory of the Earth, Volume 1 (of 4) Count Chaptal, who analysed some of it discovered in 1809 in a shop at Pompeii, found that it was blue ashes, not prepared in the moist manner, but by calcination. Field's Chromatography or Treatise on Colours and Pigments as Used by Artists Gold is occasionally found in a matrix of this substance, and in the assay of "concentrates" largely made up of pyrites, this oxide will be formed in the preliminary calcination. A Text-book of Assaying: For the Use of Those Connected with Mines. From this fact, modern investigators of natural phenomena would draw the conclusion, that calcination of a metal is an addition of something to the metal, not a separation of the metal into different things. The Story of Alchemy and the Beginnings of Chemistry They were submitted to a number of tests which induced Mr. Macie to believe that they consisted principally of silica, but that before calcination some vegetable matter must have been present. Scientific American Supplement, No. 595, May 28, 1887 In the body of our whin-stone, on the contrary, there is no mark of calcination or vitrification. Theory of the Earth, Volume 1 (of 4) They have all become pale, whitish, or of a drab cast, evidently through the oxidation of the sulphur, or rather the sulphide of iron formed during the calcination. Field's Chromatography or Treatise on Colours and Pigments as Used by Artists The stirrer should not be removed till the calcination is finished. A Text-book of Assaying: For the Use of Those Connected with Mines. Rey said: calcination, of a metal at anyrate, probably consists in the fixation of particles of air by the substance which is calcined. The Story of Alchemy and the Beginnings of Chemistry Being a close inquirer and accurate observer, he noticed that a certain earth containing silica, which was black before calcination, became white after exposure to the heat of a furnace. Self help; with illustrations of conduct and perseverance These gates he described to be calcination, solution, separation, conjunction, putrefaction, congelation, cibation, sublimation, fermentation, exaltation, multiplication, and projection! to which he might have added botheration, the most important process of all. Memoirs of Extraordinary Popular Delusions — Volume 3 But one of the peculiar qualities of the Black Band ironstone is that in many cases it contains sufficient coaly matter for purposes of calcination, without any admixture of coal whatever. Industrial Biography, Iron Workers and Tool Makers The calcination of an ore is a work occupying a good deal of time, and, in most cases, it is better to take advantage of the desulphurizing power of red lead or nitre. A Text-book of Assaying: For the Use of Those Connected with Mines. Lavoisier now turned his attention to the calcination of metals, and particularly the calcination of tin. The Story of Alchemy and the Beginnings of Chemistry The phlogistic theory of the processes of calcination and combustion necessitated the view that many acids, such as those produced by combustion, e.g. sulphurous, phosphoric, carbonic, &c., should be regarded as elementary substances. The Project Gutenberg Encyclopedia Volume 1 of 28 We took a quantity of this, into which we put four marks of silver, and one of gold, that had been undergoing the process of calcination for a month. Memoirs of Extraordinary Popular Delusions — Volume 3 The calcium phosphide is prepared by igniting phosphorus in connection with newly slaked lime made chemically pure by calcination. Scientific American Supplement, No. 497, July 11, 1885 For calcinations, roasting dishes are useful: these are broad and shallow, not unlike saucers, but unglazed. A Text-book of Assaying: For the Use of Those Connected with Mines. This experiment proved that the calcination of mercury in the air consists in the combination of a constituent of the air with the mercury. The Story of Alchemy and the Beginnings of Chemistry The coarser varieties of alabaster are converted by calcination into plaster of Paris, whence they are sometimes known as ``plaster stone.'' The Project Gutenberg Encyclopedia Volume 1 of 28 The clunch probably from hence acquires its inflammable part, which on calcination becomes vitriolic acid. The Botanic Garden A Poem in Two Parts. Part 1: the Economy of Vegetation An allied species is common on the coast of China, where the pearls are collected for export to India, to be reduced to lime by calcination for the use of luxurious betel-nut chewers. Tropic Days The calcination is effected as follows:—Weigh up 20 grams of the powdered ore and place it in a wide-mouthed crucible sufficiently large to perform the subsequent melting down in. A Text-book of Assaying: For the Use of Those Connected with Mines. Lavoisier proposed to test these suppositions by calcining a weighed quantity of tin in a closed glass vessel, which had been weighed before, and should be weighed after, the calcination. The Story of Alchemy and the Beginnings of Chemistry The product of the calcination of equal parts of lead and tin 2 parts, carbonate of soda 1 part, antimonic acid 1 part, rub together, or triturate, and melt. Young's Demonstrative Translation of Scientific Secrets Plastic clay is wanting in these properties; but they are imparted to it by a feeble calcination. Familiar Letters on Chemistry The precipitates are then collected, and after calcination in a special furnace for the purpose of oxidising the zinc, are smelted in the usual manner. Getting Gold: a practical treatise for prospectors, miners and students Consequently, in such cases, it should be removed by calcination unless it is known that its presence will not interfere. A Text-book of Assaying: For the Use of Those Connected with Mines. It was by examining the part played by the air in processes of calcination and burning that men at last became able to give approximately complete descriptions of these processes. The Story of Alchemy and the Beginnings of Chemistry He then examined the process of calcination, whereby the phlogiston of the metal was supposed to have been drawn off. A History of Science — Volume 4 He suggested also that the air might play an important part in some processes of calcination, which, as we shall see, was proved to be true by Lavoisier late in the eighteenth century. A History of Science — Volume 2 These stones, when decomposed by heat, made a very strong quicklime, greatly increased by slacking, at least as pure as if it had been produced by the calcination of chalk or marble. The Mysterious Island When calcination is not admissible it may be destroyed by heating with strong sulphuric acid and bichromate or permanganate of potash or by fusion with nitre. A Text-book of Assaying: For the Use of Those Connected with Mines. The fixed nature is likened to a serpent without wings; the volatile, to a serpent with wings: calcination unites these two into one. The Story of Alchemy and the Beginnings of Chemistry This theory fitted very nicely as applied to the calcined lead revivified by the grains of wheat, although with some other products of calcination it did not seem to apply at all. A History of Science — Volume 4 To Lavoisier is usually attributed this test experiment; but the fact that the weight of a metal increases by calcination was established by earlier European experimenters, and, indeed, was well known to the Arabian chemists. History of the Conflict Between Religion and Science Hence, probably, came the adjective chyic or chymic, and, at a somewhat later time, the word chemia as the name of that art which deals with calcinations, fusions, meltings, and the like. The Story of Alchemy and the Beginnings of Chemistry These MSS. contain directions for preparing many metals, salts, acids, oils, etc., and for performing such operations as distillation, cupellation, dissolution, calcination, and the like. The Story of Alchemy and the Beginnings of Chemistry A commentator on Aristotle, writing in the 4th century A.D., calls certain instruments used for fusion and calcination "chuika organa," that is, instruments for melting and pouring. The Story of Alchemy and the Beginnings of Chemistry In 1771 he gave the first blow to the phlogiston theory by his experiments on the calcination of metals. A History of Science — Volume 4 It seemed necessary to suppose that not only was phlogiston expelled from mercury during calcination, but that the mercury also imbibed some portion, and that the purest portion, of the surrounding air. The Story of Alchemy and the Beginnings of Chemistry |
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