| 单词 | branchial |
| 例句 | But the makings of a new way of feeding were already present in fish anatomy: a series of curved bones called branchial arches and the supporting muscles. How the tongue shaped life on Earth 2023-05-24T04:00:00Z They emerge from these tubes to filter feed, procreate and breathe with a part of their body called the branchial crown. To See the Best Christmas Trees, You’ll Need Scuba Gear 2017-12-05T05:00:00Z The radical faculties belong entirely to Love; the branchial to knowledge and industry. Transcendentalism in New England A History 2012-02-18T03:00:16.210Z The branchial region shows rhythmic contraction through the agency of the transverse muscles—and expansion, through the elasticity of the branchial skeleton—in the adult lamprey. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 7, Slice 8 "Cube" to "Daguerre, Louis" 2012-01-31T03:00:17.257Z The number of exites is less constant, but, in Apus, two are present, the proximal branchial in function and the distal forming a stiffer plate which probably aids in swimming. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 7, Slice 7 "Crocoite" to "Cuba" 2012-01-22T03:00:24.397Z They are termed the “branchial clefts,” and are seen in the embryos of all vertebrates. Embryology The Beginnings of Life 2011-09-12T02:00:28.483Z The surface of the neck is covered by integument forming the floor of the branchial cavity. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 11, Slice 5 "Gassendi, Pierre" to "Geocentric" 2011-09-02T02:00:20.450Z It is imperative upon us to follow the determination of the radical faculties, and to modify the branchial always in obedience to the radical. Transcendentalism in New England A History 2012-02-18T03:00:16.210Z These rhythmic movements of the branchial region cause successive inflow and outflow through the branchial openings. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 7, Slice 8 "Cube" to "Daguerre, Louis" 2012-01-31T03:00:17.257Z In the Decapoda the branchial system is more complex. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 7, Slice 7 "Crocoite" to "Cuba" 2012-01-22T03:00:24.397Z This consists of gills supported on strong arches, the branchial arches, which in the Elasmobranch fishes are from five to seven in number and uncovered with any operculum, or lid. McClure's Magazine, Vol. 1, No. 1 2011-07-17T02:00:36.813Z The freely projecting ctenidium of typical form not having its axis fused to the roof of the branchial chamber is the notable character of this genus. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 11, Slice 5 "Gassendi, Pierre" to "Geocentric" 2011-09-02T02:00:20.450Z Radical faculties belong to the interior world, and the branchial to the exterior. Transcendentalism in New England A History 2012-02-18T03:00:16.210Z Branchial Basket.—One of the most characteristic features of the skeleton of the lamprey is the remarkable cartilaginous “branchial basket,” which supports the gill region. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 7, Slice 8 "Cube" to "Daguerre, Louis" 2012-01-31T03:00:17.257Z The gills are inserted at the base of the thoracic limbs, and lie within a pair of branchial chambers covered by the carapace. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 7, Slice 7 "Crocoite" to "Cuba" 2012-01-22T03:00:24.397Z At a very early period of fœtal life a series of clefts appear on each side of the cephalic extremity, separated by rods of tissue called branchial arches. Degeneracy Its Causes, Signs and Results 2011-05-02T02:00:17.657Z Near this and less advanced into the branchial chamber is the single renal organ or nephridium r with its opening to the exterior r′. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 11, Slice 5 "Gassendi, Pierre" to "Geocentric" 2011-09-02T02:00:20.450Z To produce a central effect on the child, the radical faculties must be first developed; to represent this effect, the branchial faculties must be developed. Transcendentalism in New England A History 2012-02-18T03:00:16.210Z In the Myxinoids the branchial basket is reduced to a few vestigial masses of cartilage. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 7, Slice 8 "Cube" to "Daguerre, Louis" 2012-01-31T03:00:17.257Z The Branchiopoda have a very variable number of body-segments, with or without a shield, simple or bivalved, and some of the postoral appendages normally branchial. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 9, Slice 6 "English Language" to "Epsom Salts" 2011-02-19T03:00:59.807Z Embryology.—The thymus is formed from a diverticulum, on each side, from the entoderm lining the third branchial groove, but the connexion with the pharynx is soon lost. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 8, Slice 8 "Dubner" to "Dyeing" 2010-12-26T03:00:17.840Z In these, as in Patella, the typical ctenidia are aborted, and the branchial function is assumed by close-set lamelliform processes arranged in a series beneath the mantle-skirt on either side of the foot. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 11, Slice 5 "Gassendi, Pierre" to "Geocentric" 2011-09-02T02:00:20.450Z The more primitive forms have branchial respiratory processes developed on a ramus of each of the post-oral appendages. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 2, Slice 6 "Armour Plates" to "Arundel, Earls of" That this is, so to speak, a need of animals with localized respiratory organs is seen by the existence of provisions serving a similar purpose in other animals, e.g. the branchial hearts of the Cephalopoda. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 2, Slice 3 "Apollodorus" to "Aral" The Copepoda have normally a segmented body, not enclosed in a bivalved shell-covering, the segments not exceeding eleven, the limbs not branchial. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 9, Slice 6 "English Language" to "Epsom Salts" 2011-02-19T03:00:59.807Z They are developed from the entoderm of the third and fourth branchial grooves. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 8, Slice 8 "Dubner" to "Dyeing" 2010-12-26T03:00:17.840Z The prostomium bears often processes, both dorsal and ventral, which in the Sabellids are split into the circle of branchial plumes, which surround or nearly surround the mouth in those tube-dwelling Annelids. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 5, Slice 7 "Cerargyrite" to "Charing Cross" Therefore, it seems to be, with our present knowledge, a hopeless task to analyse the branchial organs of Arthropoda and to identify them genetically in groups. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 2, Slice 6 "Armour Plates" to "Arundel, Earls of" VIII, The pectens of Scorpio and the first branchial plate of Limulus. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 2, Slice 3 "Apollodorus" to "Aral" The renal sacs and renal glandular tissue are closely connected with the branchial advehent vessels in Nautilus and in the other Cephalopoda. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 5, Slice 6 "Celtes, Konrad" to "Ceramics" J. Hancock supposes that the fish carry a small supply of water with them in their gill-cavity, which they can easily retain by closing their branchial apertures. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 5, Slice 5 "Cat" to "Celt" The prostomium and the segments generally often bear processes sensory and branchial. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 5, Slice 7 "Cerargyrite" to "Charing Cross" In the fish the ventral aorta gives rise to five afferent branchial arteries carrying the blood to the gills, though these may not all come off as independent trunks from the aorta. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 2, Slice 6 "Armour Plates" to "Arundel, Earls of" The stomach opens into a short straight rectum which opens into the branchial chamber. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 6, Slice 2 "Chicago, University of" to "Chiton" The glandular renal tissue is, in fact, confined to a tract extending along that part of the sac’s wall which immediately invests the great branchial afferent vein. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 5, Slice 6 "Celtes, Konrad" to "Ceramics" The female fish bears underneath her tail a prolongation of the oviduct; she introduces it delicately between the Mollusc’s valves and allows an egg to fall between his branchial folds. The Industries of Animals Dr. S. V. Clevenger considers these organs to have had a branchial or respiratory origin, saying that there are many reasons for believing them to be rudimentary gills. Man And His Ancestor A Study In Evolution With rare exceptions, branchial plates are developed either by modification of a ramus of the limbs or as processes on a ramus, or upon the sides of the body. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 2, Slice 6 "Armour Plates" to "Arundel, Earls of" Into the groove open mucous glands, a large one anteriorly and another opening into a posteriorly cloacal, branchial cavity. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 6, Slice 2 "Chicago, University of" to "Chiton" The principal vein is a vena 698 cava passing backwards ventrally from the cephalic region and dividing into two afferent branchial veins, each of which receives a pallial and an abdominal vein. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 5, Slice 6 "Celtes, Konrad" to "Ceramics" It can thus easily come and go and retire into its cave, where it finds security and a humidity favourable for branchial respiration. The Industries of Animals These malformations are associated chiefly with imperfect development of the visceral or branchial arches and clefts, or of the hypoblastic diverticula from which the thyreoid and thymus glands are formed. Manual of Surgery Volume Second: Extremities—Head—Neck. Sixth Edition. They may have rudimentary exopodites, and may or may not have branchial filaments or lamellae developed on their posterior faces. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 2, Slice 6 "Armour Plates" to "Arundel, Earls of" They occur in the branchial region, and also extend to a variable distance behind it. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 3, Part 1, Slice 2 "Baconthorpe" to "Bankruptcy" The renal sacs communicate with the pericardium by pores near the external renal apertures; in the Octopoda the reno-pericardial openings are in the capsules of the branchial hearts. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 5, Slice 6 "Celtes, Konrad" to "Ceramics" The abdomen ends in three long and many jointed stylets, and there are the usual "false branchial feet" along each side of the abdomen. Our Common Insects A Popular Account of the Insects of Our Fields, Forests, Gardens and Houses Branchial cysts are formed by the distension of an isolated and unobliterated portion of one of the branchial clefts. Manual of Surgery Volume Second: Extremities—Head—Neck. Sixth Edition. The front branchial arch here, as in all higher vertebrata, becomes the carotid arch; the lingual represents the base of a pre-branchial vessel; the second branchial becomes the aortic arch. Text Book of Biology, Part 1: Vertebrata In exceptional cases they are either confined to the branchial region or excluded from it. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 3, Part 1, Slice 2 "Baconthorpe" to "Bankruptcy" There is no branchial osphradium in the Dibranchiata corresponding to that of Nautilus, but the olfactory organ or rhinophore near the eye is present. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 5, Slice 6 "Celtes, Konrad" to "Ceramics" In fact, on distending the vena cava with air, it is found that the four branchial arteries traverse these septa, and that the appendages in question are diverticula of their walls. Journal of the Proceedings of the Linnean Society - Vol. 3 Zoology Mixed tumours like that described as occurring in the vicinity of the parotid, and taking origin from branchial rests, are sometimes met with in the upper part of the anterior triangle. Manual of Surgery Volume Second: Extremities—Head—Neck. Sixth Edition. The hyoid arch becomes attached, to the otic capsule, and its median ventral plate, including also the vestiges of the first, second, and fourth branchial arches, is called the hyoid apparatus. Text Book of Biology, Part 1: Vertebrata The gill-pores occur on each side of the dorsal aspect of the worm in a longitudinal series at the base of a shallow groove, the branchial groove. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 3, Part 1, Slice 2 "Baconthorpe" to "Bankruptcy" Each afferent vessel is expanded into a contractile branchial heart, which is provided with a glandular appendage. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 5, Slice 6 "Celtes, Konrad" to "Ceramics" The follicular appendages of the branchial arteries present remarkable differences in their external appearance. Journal of the Proceedings of the Linnean Society - Vol. 3 Zoology A more probable view is that it develops from rests derived from the first branchial arch an not from the parotid. Manual of Surgery Volume Second: Extremities—Head—Neck. Sixth Edition. But as certainly as we have no such metameric segmentation, as this older view implies, in the brain-case of the frog, so quite as certainly is metameric segmentation evident in its branchial arches. Text Book of Biology, Part 1: Vertebrata These are the bones connected with respiration—the operculum, the branchiostegal rays, the branchial arches, and others. Form and Function A Contribution to the History of Animal Morphology From each gill-plume the blood passes by the branchial efferent vessels to the heart, the two auricles being formed by the dilatation of these vessels. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 5, Slice 6 "Celtes, Konrad" to "Ceramics" The former separates it from the branchial cavity; the latter from the fifth sac, to be described by-and-by. Journal of the Proceedings of the Linnean Society - Vol. 3 Zoology Blood Cysts.—These may originate in a diverticulum of a vein that has become isolated, or in a cavernous angioma; or they may be due to hæmorrhage taking place into a branchial or thyreo-glossal cyst. Manual of Surgery Volume Second: Extremities—Head—Neck. Sixth Edition. These four afferent branchial arches are equivalent to the first four of the five vessels of the dog-fish. Text Book of Biology, Part 1: Vertebrata In accordance with this abbreviated development, the caudal membranous crest does not exist, and the branchial aperture closes as soon as the external gills disappear. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 4, Part 4 "Bulgaria" to "Calgary" Efferent branchial vessel. re, Renal glandular mass. n.n.a, Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 5, Slice 6 "Celtes, Konrad" to "Ceramics" The whole branchial apparatus in its simplest forms would seem to be an apparatus for sifting out the microscopic particles of food and only later a purely respiratory apparatus. The Whence and the Whither of Man A Brief History of His Origin and Development through Conformity to Environment; Being the Morse Lectures of 1895 From the body being buoyed up with so much air, the branchial openings are out of water, but a stream drawn in by the mouth constantly flows through them. The Voyage of the Beagle A transitory arch, it is now known, however, appears between the second branchial and the last, and it is therefore the fourth branchial arch which is the pulmonary, just as it is in the frog. Text Book of Biology, Part 1: Vertebrata Some preliminary knowledge of embryology is essential to understand the formation of branchial fissures, and we refer the reader to any of the standard works on embryology for this information. Anomalies and Curiosities of Medicine The auricles, one pair, are contractile expansions of the efferent branchial vessels. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 5, Slice 6 "Celtes, Konrad" to "Ceramics" The jaws are modified branchial arches or the cartilaginous or bony rods which in our present fish support the fringe of gills. The Whence and the Whither of Man A Brief History of His Origin and Development through Conformity to Environment; Being the Morse Lectures of 1895 The fish, having remained in this distended state for a short time, generally expelled the air and water with considerable force from the branchial apertures and mouth. The Voyage of the Beagle The ninth nerve forks over the first branchial cleft. Text Book of Biology, Part 1: Vertebrata Most of them develop a mantle, which incloses either a branchial or a pulmonary cavity. The Gutenberg Webster's Unabridged Dictionary Section M, N, and O The latter corresponds to the glandular masses which are attached to the afferent branchial veins in Nautilus, and to the pericardial glands of other Molluscs. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 5, Slice 6 "Celtes, Konrad" to "Ceramics" They found in its mouth the buccal pieces of the Neuroptera, and, under the carapax, five pairs of branchial tufts attached to the segments that are invisible outwardly. Scientific American Supplement, No. 385, May 19, 1883 In the further course of the metamorphosis the gills and the branchial vessels entirely disappear, and the respiration becomes exclusively pulmonary. The Evolution of Man — Volume 2 From this arise four afferent branchial arteries, running up along the sides of the four branchial arches, and supplying gills. Text Book of Biology, Part 1: Vertebrata The animal therefore opens its branchial cavity in front or behind, according as it has to breathe water or air. Facts and Arguments for Darwin Efferent branchial vessel. vt, Ventricle of the heart. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 5, Slice 6 "Celtes, Konrad" to "Ceramics" At the branchial section of the gut in front the two canals are connected by a number of branches, which rise in arches between the gill-clefts. The Evolution of Man — Volume 1 Their branchial gut also opens directly outwards by a pair of branchial clefts. The Evolution of Man — Volume 2 A somewhat different account to this is still found in some text-books of the fate of this third branchial arch. Text Book of Biology, Part 1: Vertebrata The orifice opens into the branchial cavity behind a conical lobe, which stands above the third foot in place of a branchia which is wanting in Ocypoda. Facts and Arguments for Darwin In an extension of this chamber is placed the ovary of Sepia, whilst the ventricle of the heart and the branchial hearts and their appendages also lie in it. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 5, Slice 6 "Celtes, Konrad" to "Ceramics" In the fishes the water that serves for breathing, and is taken in at the mouth, still always passes out by the branchial clefts at the sides of the gullet. The Evolution of Man — Volume 1 The head contains in the ventral half the branchial gut, the trunk the hepatic gut. The Evolution of Man — Volume 2 The males of certain other fishes inhabiting South America and Ceylon, belonging to two distinct Orders, have the extraordinary habit of hatching within their mouths, or branchial cavities, the eggs laid by the females. The Descent of Man That they are homologous with the "gill-arches" and "gill-clefts" of fishes is true; but there is no evidence to show that they ever discharged a branchial function. Darwin and Modern Science Branchial hearts are not developed on the branchial afferent vessels. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 5, Slice 6 "Celtes, Konrad" to "Ceramics" The branchial arches are converted partly into the jaws, partly into the bones of the tongue and the ear. The Evolution of Man — Volume 1 Both kinds of cells pass first into the mantle-cavity after the opening of the gonads, proceed through the gill-clefts into the branchial gut, and are discharged from this through the mouth. The Evolution of Man — Volume 2 Geophagus, frontal protuberance of, male; eggs hatched by the male, in the mouth or branchial cavity. The Descent of Man The question at issue is: did the pharyngeal arches and clefts of mammalian embryos ever discharge a branchial function in an adult ancestor of the mammalia? Darwin and Modern Science It is also called the branchial cavity and the cloaca, because it receives the excrements and sexual products as well as the respiratory water. The Evolution of Man — Volume 2 In the adult Ascidia the branchial gut and the heart on its ventral side are almost the only organs that recall the original affinity with the vertebrates. The Evolution of Man — Volume 2 It divides presently into two sections—a wide fore or branchial gut that serves for respiration, and a narrower hind or hepatic gut that accomplishes digestion. The Evolution of Man — Volume 2 At each side of the branchial gut there are between twenty and thirty roundish four-cornered sacs, which can clearly be seen from without with the naked eye, as they shine through the thin transparent body-wall. The Evolution of Man — Volume 2 Along the ventral side of the branchial sac runs a ciliated groove—the hypobranchial groove which we have previously found at the same spot in the Amphioxus. The Evolution of Man — Volume 2 From the Dipneusts upwards we now trace a progressive development of the vascular system, which ends finally with the loss of branchial respiration and a complete separation of the two halves of the circulation. The Evolution of Man — Volume 2 We turn now to the branchial arches, which were regarded even by the earlier natural philosophers as "head-ribs." The Evolution of Man — Volume 2 The outlet is sometimes called the branchial pore, and sometimes the cloaca or ejection-aperture. The Evolution of Man — Volume 2 It then divides into two sections, a fore or branchial gut and a hind or hepatic gut, like the alimentary canal of the Balanoglossus, the Ascidia, and the Amphioxus. The Evolution of Man — Volume 2 But, although the anterior section of our alimentary canal thus entirely loses its original character of branchial gut, it retains the physiological character of respiratory gut. The Evolution of Man — Volume 2 The branchial arches also, which separate the clefts, develop into very different parts. The Evolution of Man — Volume 2 This process was the differentiation of the gut into two sections—an anterior respiratory section, the branchial gut, that was restricted to breathing, and a posterior digestive section, the hepatic gut. The Evolution of Man — Volume 2 At first there are very few of these branchial clefts; but there are soon a number of them—first in one, then in two, rows. The Evolution of Man — Volume 2 But the branchial gut, the one reminiscence of our fish-ancestors, is afterwards atrophied as such. The Evolution of Man — Volume 2 Our lungs, trachea, and larynx are formed from the ventral wall of the branchial gut. The Evolution of Man — Volume 2 The cartilaginous epiglottis is found only in the mammals, and has developed from the fourth branchial arch of the fishes and amphibia. The Evolution of Man — Volume 2 In both forms the gut is of substantially the same construction; the anterior section forms the respiratory branchial gut, the posterior the digestive hepatic gut. The Evolution of Man — Volume 2 In the end we have a sort of lattice work of fine gill-clefts, supported on a number of stiff branchial rods; these are connected in pairs by transverse rods. The Evolution of Man — Volume 2 In the Acrania and Cyclostomes and the earlier fishes we can scarcely distinguish a real stomach; it is represented merely by the short piece from the branchial to the hepatic gut. The Evolution of Man — Volume 2 The third branchial arch is only cartilaginous at the foremost part, and here the body of the hyoid bone and its larger horn are formed at each side by the junction of its two halves. The Evolution of Man — Volume 2 It has probably originated from the branchial arches.* The Evolution of Man — Volume 2 In view of their relation to the two sections of the gut, we may call the latter the intestinal vein and the former the branchial artery. The Evolution of Man — Volume 2 |
| 随便看 |
|
英语例句辞典收录了117811条英语例句在线翻译词条，基本涵盖了全部常用单词及词组的例句翻译及用法，是英语学习的有利工具。