单词 | voussoir |
例句 | He learns the endless terms, the vocabulary that classifies the details of ancient buildings, writing them on separate index cards and making illustrations on the back: architrave, entablature, tympanum, voussoir. The Namesake 2003-09-01T00:00:00Z The masons put together the pieces of the rose window and installed the tympanums and voussoirs over the doors. Cathedral: The Story of Its Construction 1973-09-19T00:00:00Z One by one the cut stones of the ribs, called voussoirs, were hoisted onto the centering and mortared into place by the masons. Cathedral: The Story of Its Construction 1973-09-19T00:00:00Z On either side of this are two columns of red Vermont marble with white marble capitals and bases, on which rests a broad archivolt enriched with sculpture and varied by voussoirs, alternately white and gray. The Catholic World; Volume I, Issues 1-6 A Monthly Eclectic Magazine 2012-04-05T02:00:40.207Z Here is one of the latter, which might pass for fourteenth-century work, or later;—a two-centred arch, with mean voussoirs, and the masonry in rough courses. The Ascent of the Matterhorn 2011-11-19T03:00:23.233Z The central piers are twenty-four feet thick, and the voussoirs of the central arch four feet nine inches deep at the crown and nine feet at the springing. A West Country Pilgrimage 2011-08-05T02:00:48.947Z Next morning he was early at his arch, and had soon finished the voussoir which he had been roughing out when this vital interruption occurred. Peccavi 2011-05-17T02:00:22.620Z If they employed voussoirs, they were not content with ordinary depth, shown by the archivolt mouldings, but made them three or four times as deep. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 2, Slice 4 "Aram, Eugene" to "Arcueil" The separate stones which compose the arch are called voussoirs or arch-stones; the extreme or lowest voussoirs are termed springers, and the uppermost or central one is called the keystone. The New Gresham Encyclopedia. Vol. 1 Part 2 Amiel to Atrauli In a sense, they are not true domes, because they are built in horizontal courses of stone, which act like the voussoirs of an arch in resisting the thrust of the earth at the back. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 8, Slice 6 "Dodwell" to "Drama" If neither a corner-stone, a voussoir nor a capital, it has at least its place in the edifice which forms the literary history of the nineteenth century. Lippincott's Magazine of Popular Literature and Science, Volume 20. July, 1877. Carlton was taking the busier advantage of a brilliant interval, and roughing out a new voussoir with the bold precision of the expert mason. Peccavi 2011-05-17T02:00:22.620Z The earliest example known of the arched vault, with regular voussoirs in stone, is found in the canal of the Marta near Graviscae, ascribed to the 7th century. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 2, Slice 4 "Aram, Eugene" to "Arcueil" The under or concave side of the voussoirs is called the intrados, and the upper or convex side the extrados of the arch. The New Gresham Encyclopedia. Vol. 1 Part 2 Amiel to Atrauli In the Mahommedan style the doorway itself is comparatively simple, except that the voussoirs of its lintel are joggled with a series of curves, and being of different coloured stones have a decorative effect. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 8, Slice 6 "Dodwell" to "Drama" Then a is the low arch, b the central or pure arch, c the high arch, and the rays of the sun would have drawn for us their voussoirs. The Stones of Venice, Volume I (of 3) All the arches are round, and the little arcade has red and grey voussoirs. The Shores of the Adriatic The Austrian Side, The Küstenlande, Istria, and Dalmatia The bricks employed in these ribs, and for the voussoirs of arches, were of the kind we should describe as tiles, being about 2 ft. square and 2 in. thick. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 2, Slice 4 "Aram, Eugene" to "Arcueil" The arches are simply chamfered but are each crossed by three carved voussoirs. Portuguese Architecture Most of the lintels take the shape of a flat, gauged arch with flutings simulating mortar joints that radiate from an imaginary center below and mark off voussoirs and a keystone. The Colonial Architecture of Philadelphia Not so; you would only waste your good voussoirs. The Stones of Venice, Volume I (of 3) The arches have radiating voussoirs, or, in the Diaconissa, a zigzag embattled design, found also in S. Demetrius of Salonica, though two hundred years must have separated the buildings. Byzantine Churches in Constantinople Their History and Architecture The arches, always in brick, are of two orders or rings of arches set one behind the other, and the voussoirs, alternately in brick and stone, have the most pleasing effect. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 2, Slice 4 "Aram, Eugene" to "Arcueil" Its ellipse is composed of eight voussoirs, four on each side, and a key with a small wedge-shaped stone voussoir on each side of it. A History of Art in Chaldæa & Assyria, v. 1 The extrados of a voussoir——" "Oh, kill it, and let it die happy——" "—is the outer curve of a wedge-shaped stone used for building an arch. The Strange Case of Mortimer Fenley But as this may perhaps throw the arch inconveniently high, or occasion a waste of voussoirs at the top, we may employ another expedient. The Stones of Venice, Volume I (of 3) The arches have radiating voussoirs, and the arch spandrils and the frieze under the cornice are inlaid with scroll and geometrical designs in black, white, and coloured marbles. Byzantine Churches in Constantinople Their History and Architecture In the building of an arch, the voussoirs have to be temporarily 343 supported, until the keystone is inserted. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 2, Slice 4 "Aram, Eugene" to "Arcueil" But in consequence either of an error in measurement or of a mistake in calculating the shrinking of the bricks, there was a gap between the third voussoir on the right and the key. A History of Art in Chaldæa & Assyria, v. 1 "Are you still wondering what the extrados of a voussoir is?" The Strange Case of Mortimer Fenley He has next to consider the shape of the voussoirs. The Stones of Venice, Volume I (of 3) The failure of the voussoirs to radiate to the centre therefore seems to be simply the result of using untapered voussoirs in which the arch form must be obtained by wedge-shaped joints. Byzantine Churches in Constantinople Their History and Architecture The Assyrian tradition would seem to have descended first to the Parthian builders, who in the palace of El Hadr built semicircular arches with regular voussoirs decoratively treated. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 2, Slice 4 "Aram, Eugene" to "Arcueil" The two rows of voussoirs that are in full view thrust against each other only by a single sharp edge; there is no keystone between them. A History of Art in Chaldæa & Assyria, v. 1 Filling the voussoirs of the arch of the doorway are fourteen small niches containing subjects from the Psychomachia of Prudentius, the Battle of the Virtues against the Vices. Bell's Cathedrals: The Cathedral Church of Salisbury A Description of its Fabric and a Brief History of the See of Sarum In the above reasonings, the inclination of the joints of the voussoirs to the curves of the arch has not been considered. The Stones of Venice, Volume I (of 3) Skew-Back.—The course of masonry, such as a stone, A, with an inclined face, which forms the abutment for the voussoirs, B, or wedge-shaped stones comprising the arch. Carpentry for Boys In a Simple Language, Including Chapters on Drawing, Laying Out Work, Designing and Architecture With 250 Original Illustrations In their monumental structures in stone, the arch was sometimes built with regular voussoirs, i.e. with a semicircular extrados, and sometimes with the joint carried far beyond. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 2, Slice 4 "Aram, Eugene" to "Arcueil" By careful moulding and manipulation the Assyrian builder made his brick voussoirs as well fitted for their work as the cut stone of our day. A History of Art in Chaldæa & Assyria, v. 1 Each pier-arch is formed of two orders or courses of voussoirs, the edges of which are left square, wholly undecorated by mouldings. Bell's Cathedrals: The Cathedral Church of Winchester A Description of Its Fabric and a Brief History of the Episcopal See In the farther development of this, which we have next to consider, the voussoirs, in consequence of their own negligence or over-confidence, sustain a total and irrecoverable defeat. The Stones of Venice, Volume I (of 3) Hence, if the piers at the ends are of large dimensions, they will hold the voussoirs together, and make such works durable. The Ten Books on Architecture The vault is 14 ft. in span, with voussoirs from 5 to 6 ft. in depth. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 2, Slice 4 "Aram, Eugene" to "Arcueil" This vault is semicircular; it has three voussoirs on each side, which, with the key, make seven in each vertical course. A History of Art in Chaldæa & Assyria, v. 1 In those, apparently the most ancient, the voussoirs or arched heads are faced with large flat bricks or tiles, closely resembling Roman work. The Principles of Gothic Ecclesiastical Architecture, Elucidated by Question and Answer, 4th ed. LXX.; a rich group of deep lines, running concentrically with the arch, is the result on the instant, and the fate of the voussoirs is sealed. The Stones of Venice, Volume I (of 3) We must also manage to discharge the load of the walls by means of archings composed of voussoirs with joints radiating to the centre. The Ten Books on Architecture In the tomb of Pythagoras near Cortona, with a span of about 10 ft., only four voussoirs were employed. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 2, Slice 4 "Aram, Eugene" to "Arcueil" In their disinclination to use stone voussoirs, the Assyrian builders here found themselves compelled to mould bricks of very complicated form, and the way in which they accomplished their task speaks volumes for their skill. A History of Art in Chaldæa & Assyria, v. 1 For sewer work and arches, bricks shaped as voussoirs are supplied. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 4, Part 3 "Brescia" to "Bulgaria" The voussoirs, in despair, go over to the classical camp, in hope of receiving some help or tolerance from their former enemies. The Stones of Venice, Volume I (of 3) The proportion of voussoirs to arches naturally depended upon the size of the arch,—large voussoirs to large arches, small voussoirs to small arches. The Brochure Series of Architectural Illustration, Volume 01, No. 04, April 1895 Byzantine-Romanesque Windows in Southern Italy In the palace built by Diocletian at Spalato, the architrave or lintel of the Golden Gate is built with several voussoirs, and the pressure is further relieved by an arch thrown across above it. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 2, Slice 4 "Aram, Eugene" to "Arcueil" The first course of voussoirs would be sloped in this fashion, and would rest upon some mass of crude brick in the centre of the building. A History of Art in Chaldæa & Assyria, v. 1 The difficulty of casting heavy arch ribs led to the construction of cast iron arches of cast voussoirs, somewhat like the voussoirs of masonry bridges. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 4, Part 3 "Brescia" to "Bulgaria" If still it be not strong enough, a farther addition may be made, as at c, now thickening the voussoirs a little at the base also. The Stones of Venice, Volume I (of 3) The voussoirs of the arch are not all of equal size in each order, and on one member the chevrons are reversed on opposite sides of the centre stone except for one accidental intermission. Bell's Cathedrals: The Cathedral Church of Chichester (1901) A Short History & Description Of Its Fabric With An Account Of The Diocese And See Thus it is always: in attempting to dislodge a single voussoir from the arch of truth, the temple itself is shaken, so cunningly are the stones fitted together. Architecture and Democracy This in some styles is made different in size from the other voussoirs, or projects, or is decorated with carving. The Gutenberg Webster's Unabridged Dictionary Section I, J, K, and L To give stability the sides of the voussoirs are gauged out hollow and grouted in Portland cement, thus connecting each brick with the next by a joggle joint. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 4, Part 3 "Brescia" to "Bulgaria" But the voussoirs then concede, on the other hand, so much of their dignity as to receive a running ornament of foliage or animals, like a classical frieze, and continuous round the arch. The Stones of Venice, Volume I (of 3) Each voussoir was a cast-iron framed piece two feet long and five feet in depth, and these were bolted together. Scientific American Supplement, No. 324, March 18, 1882 For hinges, Leibbrand, of Stuttgart, uses sheets of lead about 1 in. thick extending over the middle third of the depth of the voussoir joints, the rest of the joints being left open. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 4, Part 3 "Brescia" to "Bulgaria" Gauged arches are composed of specially made soft bricks, which are cut and rubbed to gauges or templates so as to form perfectly fitting voussoirs. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 4, Part 3 "Brescia" to "Bulgaria" The arch ring can be treated as a blockwork structure composed of rigid voussoirs. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 4, Part 3 "Brescia" to "Bulgaria" One farther circumstance is deserving of especial note in Plate V., the greater depth of the voussoirs at the top of the arch. The Stones of Venice, Volume I (of 3) Generally, so far as could be ascertained, the line of pressure lies within the middle half of the depth of the voussoirs. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 4, Part 3 "Brescia" to "Bulgaria" |
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