| 单词 | Vertebrata |
| 例句 | Lizards, rabbits, and humans are in the clade Amniota, which form a small V nested in the upper right-hand corner of the V-shaped Vertebrata clade. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z Vertebrata is a larger clade that also includes fish, lamprey, and lancelets. Biology for AP Courses 2022-06-09T00:00:00Z The lowest group of Vertebrata, including the amphioxus, in which no skull exists. Webster's Unabridged Dictionary 2012-03-24T02:00:23.513Z The class of Vertebrata that includes the birds. µ Aves, or birds, have a complete double circulation, oviparous, reproduction, front limbs peculiarly modified as wings; and they bear feathers. Webster's Unabridged Dictionary (2nd 100 Pages) 2012-03-24T02:00:19.387Z Fowls are classed by modern naturalists as follows: Division. Vertebrata—possessing a back bone. Sheep, Swine, and Poultry Embracing the History and Varieties of Each; The Best Modes of Breeding; Their Feeding and Management; Together with etc. 2012-03-21T02:00:35.167Z The illustration shows the V-shaped Vertebrata clade, which includes lancelets, lampreys, fish, lizards, rabbits, and humans. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z Causes due to animals—Vertebrata—Wounds, etc.—Invertebrata—Insects, etc.—Plants as causes of disease—Phanerogams, weeds, etc.—Cryptogams, fungi—Epidemics, etc. Disease in Plants 2012-03-01T03:00:22Z The division of Vertebrata in which the embryo develops an allantois. Webster's Unabridged Dictionary 2012-03-24T02:00:23.513Z Partial catalogue of the cold-blooded Vertebrata of Michigan. Geographic Variation in the North American Cyprinid Fish, Hybopsis gracilis 2011-12-29T03:00:21.553Z Class IV of the Vertebrata comprises the Batrachia. Natural History in Anecdote Illustrating the nature, habits, manners and customs of animals, birds, fishes, reptiles, etc., etc., etc. 2011-11-12T03:00:32.773Z Here we will consider the traditional groups Agnatha, Chondrichthyes, Osteichthyes, Amphibia, Reptilia, Aves, and Mammalia, which constitute classes in the subphylum Vertebrata. Fundamentals of Biology 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z We have now arrived at the great sub-kingdom of the Vertebrata, and will commence with the lowest class, namely Fishes. The Descent of Man and Selection in Relation to Sex Volume II (1st Edition) 2011-06-27T02:01:01.007Z The division of Vertebrata in which no allantois is developed. Webster's Unabridged Dictionary 2012-03-24T02:00:23.513Z Partial catalogue of the cold-blooded Vertebrata of Michigan. Geographic Variation in the North American Cyprinid Fish, Hybopsis gracilis 2011-12-29T03:00:21.553Z These were the first known backboned animals, the earliest fishes, the first known Vertebrata. A Short History of the World 2011-03-04T03:01:03.147Z The relation of the great groups of animals to each other, among Vertebrata, is essentially a parallel relation, like the colours of the solar spectrum, or the parallel digits of the hand. Dragons of the Air An Account of Extinct Flying Reptiles 2011-02-20T03:00:13.067Z In the Vertebrata the whole of the mesoderm has at first the mesenchyme form. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 9, Slice 3 "Electrostatics" to "Engis" 2011-02-06T03:00:53.093Z It thus appears, if we may rely on embryology, which has always proved the safest guide in classification, that we have at last gained a clue to the source whence the Vertebrata have 206been derived. The Descent of Man and Selection in Relation to Sex, Vol. I 2011-01-17T03:00:49.523Z In these animals evolutionists see a link between the Mollusca and the Vertebrata. The New Gresham Encyclopedia. Vol. 1 Part 2 Amiel to Atrauli That any partial fusion of originally distinct chitinous plates takes place in the cephalic shield of Trilobites, comparable to the partial fusion of bony pieces by suture in Vertebrata, is a suggestion contrary to fact. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 2, Slice 3 "Apollodorus" to "Aral" The highest of the five types, or natural divisions, of animals are the Vertebrata, the Mollusca, and the Annulosa. Beautiful Shells of New Zealand An Illustrated Work for Amateur Collectors of New Zealand Marine Shells, with Directions for Collecting and Cleaning them For instance, in Vertebrata this tissue gives rise to nervous tissue, blood-vessels, renal tubules, smooth muscular fibres, and other structures, as well as to connective and skeletal tissues. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 9, Slice 3 "Electrostatics" to "Engis" 2011-02-06T03:00:53.093Z In the great212 kingdom of the Vertebrata it has culminated in man. The Descent of Man and Selection in Relation to Sex, Vol. I 2011-01-17T03:00:49.523Z This state of affairs has no antecedent improbability about it, since in the Vertebrata the coelom is unquestionably confluent with the haemal system through the lymphatic vessels. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 5, Slice 7 "Cerargyrite" to "Charing Cross" The Cephalopoda appear to be the only Invertebrates in which the egg is mesoblastic and telolecithal like that of Vertebrata. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 5, Slice 6 "Celtes, Konrad" to "Ceramics" Cetacea.—The absence of Cetacea from rocks older than the Eocene has been frequently adduced as lending countenance to the theory of the very late appearance of the highest class of Vertebrata on the earth. Principles of Geology or, The Modern Changes of the Earth and its Inhabitants Considered as Illustrative of Geology For this reason, among others, it has been held by some zoologists that the mouth of the Vertebrata is not homologous with the mouth of such groups as the Annelida, Arthropoda and Mollusca. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 9, Slice 3 "Electrostatics" to "Engis" 2011-02-06T03:00:53.093Z The most ancient progenitors in the kingdom of the Vertebrata, at which we are able to obtain an obscure glance, apparently consisted of a group of marine animals,281 resembling the larvæ of existing Ascidians. The Descent of Man and Selection in Relation to Sex, Vol. I 2011-01-17T03:00:49.523Z In the case of insectivorous Vertebrata and their prey such differences exist in an exaggerated form. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 6, Slice 6 "Cockaigne" to "Columbus, Christopher" There are other instances of cartilaginous endo-skeleton in groups other than the Vertebrata. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 5, Slice 6 "Celtes, Konrad" to "Ceramics" I do not like this habit in the hens; yet I observe how a correspondence exists in all the Vertebrata; for do not fine ladies similarly dust themselves? The Atlantic Monthly, Volume 15, No. 92, June, 1865 This surface generally becomes the ventral surface, but in Vertebrata it becomes the dorsal. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 9, Slice 3 "Electrostatics" to "Engis" 2011-02-06T03:00:53.093Z We shall hereafter find the same law prevailing throughout the great sub-kingdom of the Vertebrata, and in all cases it is eminently distinctive of characters which have been 337acquired through sexual selection. The Descent of Man and Selection in Relation to Sex, Vol. I 2011-01-17T03:00:49.523Z Again, in the development of the Vertebrata we have sundry examples of longitudinal integration. Essays: Scientific, Political, & Speculative, Vol. I And I think the same remark applies to a whole sub-kingdom in the case of Vertebrata. Darwin, and After Darwin (Vol. 1 and 3, of 3) An Exposition of the Darwinian Theory and a Discussion of Post-Darwinian Questions When your father used to pry into all sorts of books, years ago, he found out that he belonged to the Vertebrata, which, Anglicized, meant backboned creatures. The Atlantic Monthly, Volume 18, No. 105, July 1866 In Amphioxus and the Tunicata the early development of the central nervous system is very much like that of the Vertebrata, but the later stages are simpler, being without the cranial flexure. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 9, Slice 3 "Electrostatics" to "Engis" 2011-02-06T03:00:53.093Z The skulls, again, of the Vertebrata are composed of three metamorphosed vertebræ, and thus we can see a meaning in the number and strange complication of the bony case of the brain. The Foundations of the Origin of Species Two Essays written in 1842 and 1844 The Vertebrata exhibit this transverse integration in the development of the generative system. Essays: Scientific, Political, & Speculative, Vol. I In order to trace these principles in the case of the Vertebrata, it is desirable first of all to obtain an idea of the anatomical features which most essentially distinguish the sub-kingdom as a whole. Darwin, and After Darwin (Vol. 1 and 3, of 3) An Exposition of the Darwinian Theory and a Discussion of Post-Darwinian Questions Ere the higher Vertebrata were formed, for instance, many steps were required, and many organs had to undergo modifications from the rudimental condition in which only they had as yet existed. Contributions to the Theory of Natural Selection A Series of Essays It is also sometimes formed from ectoderm, as in the Vertebrata at the nerve crest and other places. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 9, Slice 3 "Electrostatics" to "Engis" 2011-02-06T03:00:53.093Z On the theory of evolution most in favour, the first Vertebrata were aquatic. On the Genesis of Species Let us cite, in illustration, the one case of the Vertebrata. Essays: Scientific, Political, & Speculative, Vol. I In many other respects, likewise, the early embryonic history of other Vertebrata refers us to the permanent condition of Amphioxus. Darwin, and After Darwin (Vol. 1 and 3, of 3) An Exposition of the Darwinian Theory and a Discussion of Post-Darwinian Questions Mollusca and Radiata existed before Vertebrata, and the progression from Fishes to Reptiles and Mammalia, and also from the lower mammals to the higher, is indisputable. Contributions to the Theory of Natural Selection A Series of Essays The fourth Scholion elaborates the analysis of developmental processes still further, and discusses in particular the scheme of development which is shown by the Vertebrata. Form and Function A Contribution to the History of Animal Morphology Yet these animals are far from being the root-forms from which all the Vertebrata have diverged, as is evidenced from the degree of specialization which their structure presents. On the Genesis of Species Turning to the Vertebrata, the only palæozoic Elasmobranch Fish of which we have any complete knowledge is the Devonian and Carboniferous Pleuracanthus, which differs no more from existing Sharks than these do from one another. Lay Sermons, Addresses and Reviews That so close a parallel to this peculiar mechanism should be met with in a worm, is a strong additional piece of evidence pointing to the derivation of the Vertebrata from the Vermes. Darwin, and After Darwin (Vol. 1 and 3, of 3) An Exposition of the Darwinian Theory and a Discussion of Post-Darwinian Questions The Mollusks are more complex and so are higher than the Radiata, the Vertebrata are more complex than the Mollusks. Ten Great Religions An Essay in Comparative Theology "The Relation of the Nemertea to the Vertebrata," ibid., xxvii., Form and Function A Contribution to the History of Animal Morphology The two bones which are situated between the two superior maxillæ in Vertebrata. The Ancient Life History of the Earth A Comprehensive Outline of the Principles and Leading Facts of Palæontological Science So far, indeed, as the Invertebrata, and the lower Vertebrata are concerned, the facts and the conclusions which are to be drawn from them appear to me to remain what they were. Critiques and Addresses But in the air-breathing Vertebrata such an arrangement would obviously be of no use. Darwin, and After Darwin (Vol. 1 and 3, of 3) An Exposition of the Darwinian Theory and a Discussion of Post-Darwinian Questions We are told by these naturalists that man belongs to the class called 'Vertebrata.' The Atlantic Monthly, Volume 06, No. 35, September, 1860 It is consciously and admittedly an attempt to apply Geoffroy's principle of the unity of plan and composition to the three great metameric groups, the Annelida, Arthropoda, and Vertebrata. Form and Function A Contribution to the History of Animal Morphology The small bones composing the digits of the higher Vertebrata. The Ancient Life History of the Earth A Comprehensive Outline of the Principles and Leading Facts of Palæontological Science The only modification which it occurs to me to suggest in this general view of the Phylogeny of the Vertebrata is, that the "Protamphirhine" was possibly more ganoid than shark-like. Critiques and Addresses But as such they occur in all air-breathing Vertebrata. Darwin, and After Darwin (Vol. 1 and 3, of 3) An Exposition of the Darwinian Theory and a Discussion of Post-Darwinian Questions The Vertebrata always have a dorsal, or neural, cavity above the notochord or backbone, and a ventral, or visceral, cavity below it. The Gutenberg Webster's Unabridged Dictionary Section T, U, V, and W Turning to the Vertebrata, the only palaeozoic Elasmobranch Fish of which we have any complete knowledge is the Devonian and Carboniferous Pleuracanthus, which differs no more from existing Sharks than these do from one another. Discourses Biological and Geological Essays The class of the Vertebrata comprising the Tortoises, Snakes, Lizards, Crocodiles, &c. The Ancient Life History of the Earth A Comprehensive Outline of the Principles and Leading Facts of Palæontological Science The phylum of the Vertebrata is the most interesting of all, and is admirably discussed by Professor Haeckel. Critiques and Addresses Moreover, it has now been satisfactorily shown that the lungs of air-breathing Vertebrata, which are thus destined to supersede the function of gills, are themselves the modified swim-bladder or float, which belongs to Fish. Darwin, and After Darwin (Vol. 1 and 3, of 3) An Exposition of the Darwinian Theory and a Discussion of Post-Darwinian Questions And, first of all, we have to begin with the group of the Vertebrata—vertebrata animals—vertebrata being a word which explains itself. The History of a Mouthful of Bread And its effect on the organization of men and animals So far, indeed, as the Invertebrata and the lower Vertebrata are concerned, the facts and the conclusions which are to be drawn from them appear to me to remain what they were. Discourses Biological and Geological Essays Coming finally to the Vertebrata, we have in the first place to very briefly consider the Carboniferous fishes. The Ancient Life History of the Earth A Comprehensive Outline of the Principles and Leading Facts of Palæontological Science The Dipneusta gave rise to the Amphibia, which are the root of all other Vertebrata, inasmuch as out of them were developed the first Vertebrata provided with an amnion, or the Protamniota. Critiques and Addresses So much then for an outline sketch of the main features in the embryonic history of the Vertebrata. Darwin, and After Darwin (Vol. 1 and 3, of 3) An Exposition of the Darwinian Theory and a Discussion of Post-Darwinian Questions Each of the three orders of which this third class of Vertebrata is composed has its own particular history besides. The History of a Mouthful of Bread And its effect on the organization of men and animals And here you have evidence of such a unity of plan among all the animals which have backbones, and which we technically call Vertebrata. Darwiniana : Essays — Volume 02 No Vertebrata as yet discovered in the oldest Fossiliferous Rocks. The Antiquity of Man Among his schemes of the early '80's, there was actually commenced a work on the principles of Mammalian Anatomy and an Elementary Treatise on the Vertebrata. Life and Letters of Thomas Henry Huxley — Volume 3 Consequently, when aquatic Vertebrata began to become terrestrial, the type would have needed modification in order to serve for terrestrial locomotion. Darwin, and After Darwin (Vol. 1 and 3, of 3) An Exposition of the Darwinian Theory and a Discussion of Post-Darwinian Questions Churchill has got over a whole batch of the American edition of the Vertebrata, so I have a respite. Life and Letters of Thomas Henry Huxley — Volume 2 Table of the progressive Discovery of Vertebrata in older Rocks. The Student's Elements of Geology No Vertebrata as yet discovered in the oldest Fossiliferous Rocks. The Antiquity of Man In the same manner his contemplated work upon the Vertebrata led him during 1879-1880 to renewed investigation of the anatomy of some of the more aberrant orders. Life and Letters of Thomas Henry Huxley — Volume 3 There is a total absence of all terrestrial Vertebrata, other than those which are known to have been introduced by man. Darwin, and After Darwin (Vol. 1 and 3, of 3) An Exposition of the Darwinian Theory and a Discussion of Post-Darwinian Questions He would be a capital man to tell you what is known about Indian Zoology, at least in the Vertebrata. More Letters of Charles Darwin — Volume 1 Geographical Relationship of the Provinces of living Vertebrata and those of extinct Post-pliocene Species. The Student's Elements of Geology Now, for all the reasons put forward to this point, I believed that this animal was a member of the branch Vertebrata, class Mammalia, group Pisciforma, and finally, order Cetacea. Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea We shall hereafter find the same law prevailing throughout the great sub-kingdom of the Vertebrata; and in all cases it is eminently distinctive of characters which have been acquired through sexual selection. The Descent of Man Hence it is not a little difficult to decide how far even the same terms ought to be employed in describing the eyes of the Cephalopoda and Vertebrata. The Origin of Species by means of Natural Selection, 6th Edition Thus, if we may rely on embryology, ever the safest guide in classification, it seems that we have at last gained a clue to the source whence the Vertebrata were derived. The Descent of Man Geographical Relationship of the Provinces of living Vertebrata and those of extinct Post-pliocene Species. The Student's Elements of Geology From this I finally concluded that it belonged to the branch Vertebrata, class Mammalia, subclass Monodelphia, group Pisciforma, order Cetacea, family . . . but here I couldn't make up my mind. Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea We have now arrived at the great sub-kingdom of the Vertebrata, and will commence with the lowest class, that of fishes. The Descent of Man When, however, we come to the Arthropoda and Vertebrata, even to the lowest classes in these two great Sub-Kingdoms, sexual selection has effected much. The Descent of Man Vertebrata, common origin of the; most ancient progenitors of; origin of the voice in air-breathing. The Descent of Man Table of the progressive Discovery of Vertebrata in older Rocks. The Student's Elements of Geology "Two genera," our scholarly Conseil hastened to say, "that belong to the family Pinnipedia, order Carnivora, group Unguiculata, subclass Monodelphia, class Mammalia, branch Vertebrata." Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea In the great kingdom of the Vertebrata it has culminated in man. The Descent of Man |
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